FEED OUTLOOK March 15, 1999 March 1999, ERS-FDS-0399 Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board --------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEED OUTLOOK is issued eleven times a year by the Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20036-5831. Electronic release only; no published copies are available. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- HIGHLIGHTS o Corn Export Forecast Increased 75 Million Bushels o Corn Ending Stocks Projection Dropped to 1,711 Million Bushels o Forecast Corn Price Up Slightly, But Remains Low o Domestic Market Continues Strong FEED GRAIN EXPORT FORECAST UP, ENDING STOCKS DOWN There were no changes in feed grain supply estimates this month, but forecast exports are up because of improved sales prospects for corn. U.S. feed grain exports in 1998/99 are forecast at 51.1 million metric tons, up about 2 million tons from a month ago, and up nearly 6 million from the previous year. There were no other changes in trade or other uses. Thus, forecast total use was raised about 2 million tons to 263.4 million tons, and ending stocks reduced to 48.8 million. Compared with 1997/98, both supply and use are up significantly. Total feed grain use in 1998/99 is expected to rise 11.5 million tons from last year, with domestic disappearance record high and exports showing improvement. Feed grain supply, however, is up 22 million tons, and carryout stocks are forecast to rise nearly 11 million tons, a similar increase to the year before. CORN CARRYOUT TRIMMED Ending stocks of corn for 1998/99 are projected at 1,711 million bushels, down 75 million this month because of larger expected exports. However, ending stocks are up about 30 percent from 1997/98, and the largest since 1992/93, when they reached 2,113 million bushels. The stocks-to-use ratio is projected at 18.3 percent, also the largest since 24.9 percent in 1992/93. Stocks estimates for all the grains as of March 1 will be released on March 31. This will provide a benchmark to gauge the pace of disappearance for the December-February quarter. Prospective Plantings will also be released that day, providing farmers' spring planting intentions. Most analysts expect corn plantings in 1999 to decline slightly and soybean acres to increase from 1998. CORN EXPORT FORECAST RAISED TO 1,800 MILLION BUSHELS U.S. 1998/99 corn exports are forecast to reach 1,800 million bushels, up 75 million bushels this month. Reduced competition from South Africa, and increased imports by Mexico and Brazil underlie improved prospects for U.S. exports. U.S. exports in 1998/99 are forecast up 20 percent from a year ago. According to U.S. Export Sales, as of March 4, both shipments to date and outstanding sales were 20 percent ahead of last year's pace. Shipments are up 134 percent to South Korea, 83 percent to Mexico, and 33 percent to Egypt, more than offsetting modest declines to Japan and Taiwan. Production prospects for corn in South Africa dropped this month from 9 million tons to 7 million. Until early February, the growing season had been unusually favorable, with abundant soil moisture and mild temperatures. However, several weeks of dry weather during February were followed by record high temperatures in early March. Since it is customary in South Africa to plant some corn early and some later, it is likely that the later planted corn will suffer much more damage from this drought than the earlier planted corn. Reduced production prospects will curtail exports, now forecast at 750,000 tons in 1998/99 (October/September), down 1 million tons from last month. The United States is unlikely to export directly to some of South Africa's customers, especially Iran. But if Argentina sends more corn to those markets, it will have less corn to sell in direct competition with the United States. Corn production forecasts declined this month for Mexico and Brazil, boosting prospects for imports. Mexico's corn production is divided into a main crop and a second crop, and with low water supplies in reservoirs, and more attractive prices for some other crops, area planted to the second corn crop is not matching earlier expectations. Mexico's corn production forecast was reduced 0.5 million tons to 17.5 million, while imports increased by the same amount to 4.75 million. In Brazil, dryness in the southernmost region caused some intended corn area to be shifted to soybeans, and also reduced corn yield prospects. Forecast corn production dropped 1 million tons, but expected imports are up only 300,000 tons because of Brazil's weak macro-economic outlook and foreign exchange constraints. The U.S. share of world corn trade is expected to reach 72 percent in 1998/99, up sharply from 59 percent a year earlier, and slightly above the 70 percent share posted in 1996/97. But this is still much less than the 81 percent share reached in 1995/96 when China was not a major corn exporter and Argentina's production was lower. Current low corn prices are limiting the incentives for all exporters, and Argentina's corn area declined this year. Although corn supplies are large, China is exporting less aggressively. With China's internal corn prices much higher than low world corn prices, costly subsidies must be used in order to move corn into export channels. CORN FOOD, SEED, AND INDUSTRIAL (FSI) USE RISING Food, seed and industrial (FSI) use of corn in 1998/99 was not changed this month and is expected to total 1,870 million bushels, up from 1,782 million in 1997/98. Ethanol production in January 1999 was up 6 percent from the year earlier and stocks at the end of the month were up 13 percent from 1998. This is in line with expectations and thus FSI use was not changed. Ethanol data are available from the "Monthly Oxygenate Telephone Report" published by the Energy Information Administration and available from: ftp://ftp.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/mon thly_oxygenate_report/. FEED AND RESIDUAL USE UNCHANGED FROM LAST MONTH Feed and residual use of the four feed grains plus wheat in 1998/99 is expected to total 166 million metric tons, up from 164 million used in September 1997-August 1998, but unchanged from last month. Corn is expected to represent 87 percent of feed and residual use in 1998/99. The index of grain consuming animal units (GCAU's) for 1998/99 is expected to be the same as 1997/98's 88 million. The grain used per GCAU in 1998/99 would be 1.90 tons, up 1 percent from 1997/98. In the index components, GCAU's for hogs, broilers, and layers are up from the previous year. The number of cattle on feed on February 1, 1999, was 10.5 million head, down from 10.8 million the previous year. In 1999, beef production is expected to total 25.3 million pounds, down from 25.7 million pounds in 1998. With the decline in beef production, feed needs are likely to be down slightly from the prior year. The number of dairy cows on farms during January 1999 in the 20 selected States was 7.7 million head, down 19,000 head from 1998. In January 1999, milk production in the 20 States was up 3.7 percent from the previous year's 11.7 million pounds. Milk production in 1999 is expected to total 160.1 billion pounds, up from 156.9 billion in 1998. Thus with the increased milk production per cow, feed use by the dairy industry will continue strong. Broiler and egg production in 1999 are expected to increase from expected 1998 levels and maintain strong demand for feed grains. Broiler chicks placed on feed in the 15 major States in the week ending March 6 were up 2 percent from last year. On February 27, placements were up 4 percent, an indication of continued increases in broiler production in about 2 months when the birds are processed. Broiler production in 1999 is expected to increase 6 percent from 1998 as producers respond to strong domestic demand. Turkey poults placed for domestic slaughter in January 1999 were down 7 percent from the year earlier, and the cumulative placements for 1999 slaughter are also down 7 percent. Placements and production are likely to pick up in the second half of the year. In 1999, turkey production may be about the same as the 5.3 billion pounds produced in 1998. The average number of layers during January was up 3 percent from January 1998. Egg producers are expected to produce 6.8 billion dozen eggs in 1999, up 3 percent from 1998. FORECAST PRICE OF CORN BUMPED UP SLIGHTLY, MARKET PRICES FAIRLY STEADY The forecast range of corn prices received by farmers for 1998/99 was narrowed this month, up 10 cents on the low end to $1.90 to $2.10 per bushel. The average January farm price was $2.06 per bushel, while the preliminary February price was $2.01, with both months about 50 cents lower than a year earlier. Central Illinois cash prices have been relatively steady, hovering between $2.00 and $2.10 per bushel since mid-December, about 50-55 cents below a year earlier. After sinking through much of February, futures prices for corn have strengthened in the last 2 weeks, with the May Chicago Board of Trade contract price recovering to more than $2.20 per bushel in the last few days. Corn prices have been relatively resilient in the face of sharp declines in soybean markets over the last several weeks because of the much stronger export prospects for corn and expectations for declining corn plantings. Average corn prices received by farmers have inched up from their harvesttime lows in recent months, but a substantial portion of the crop was sold below $2.00 a bushel in the first 3 months of the marketing year (September-August). In the last 2 years, an average of 30 percent of the crop was marketed between September and November, and 61 percent was marketed by the end of February. Anecdotal information suggests the pace may be slower this year. As of late February, loan deficiency payments (LDPs) have been taken on nearly 4.5 billion bushels of corn nationally, but it is unknown how much of this corn was sold. The preliminary farm price of sorghum was $1.70 per bushel in February, about the same as $1.71 in January. For the season to date, sorghum prices have averaged 86 percent of corn prices, below the historical 92-93 percent. The season-average price range was also narrowed to $1.65 to $1.75 per bushel. Barley and oats price forecasts were not adjusted this month. Feed barley prices received by farmers have been weak, given the abundance of feed grains available, averaging $1.54 through the first 9 months of the marketing year (June-May). Malting barley prices have been stronger, and the premium over feed barley has averaged 81 cents per bushel, compared with a longer-term average of around 50 cents. Hay prices strengthened in February, with the price received by farmers for all hay in February at $79 per ton, up from $78.80 in January, but down from $96.10 in February 1998. All of the strength was in alfalfa hay. In February, prices received by farmers for alfalfa hay was $82 per ton, up from $81.40 in January, but down from $105 in January 1998. Other hay prices continued to slip in February, down $0.60 from the January price of $71 per ton. ***************************************************************** Information Contacts: Pete Riley (202) 694-5308 Allen Baker (202) 694-5290 International: Edward Allen (202) 694-5288 Data Coordinator: Jenny Gonzales (202) 694-5296 NOTE: Data tables in this report will be updated and released on April 13, 1999. The next Feed Outlook will be released May 14. The summary of the annual Feed Situation and Outlook Yearbook will be released on April 23. ***************************************************************** Table 1--Feed Grains: Marketing year supply and disappearance 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year/ Beg. Produc- Im- Supply FSI Feed & Ex- Total End. Farm Qtr. stocks tion ports resid. ports disp. stks. price ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CORN ------------------------Million bushels--------------------- $/bu 1996/97 Sep-Nov 426 9,233 3 9,662 383 1,890 487 2,759 6,903 2.87 Dec-Feb 6,903 --- 2 6,905 394 1,492 525 2,411 4,494 2.66 Mar-May 4,494 --- 4 4,498 465 1,106 431 2,001 2,497 2.77 Jun-Aug 2,497 --- 4 2,500 450 814 353 1,617 883 2.49 Mkt. yr. 426 9,233 13 9,672 1,692 5,302 1,795 8,789 883 2.71 1997/98 Sep-Nov 883 9,207 2 10,092 429 2,036 380 2,845 7,247 2.53 Dec-Feb 7,247 --- 1 7,248 418 1,510 380 2,308 4,940 2.55 Mar-May 4,940 --- 4 4,944 464 1,089 350 1,904 3,040 2.45 Jun-Aug 3,040 --- 2 3,042 470 870 394 1,734 1,308 2.12 Mkt. yr. 883 9,207 9 10,099 1,782 5,505 1,504 8,791 1,308 2.43 1998/99 Sep-Nov 1,308 9,761 4 11,073 444 2,129 450 3,023 8,050 1.91 Mkt. yr.1,308 9,761 12 11,081 1,870 5,700 1,800 9,370 1,711 1.90-2.10 SORGHUM 1996/97 Sep-Nov 18 795 0 814 15 276 56 346 467 2.45 Dec-Feb 467 --- 0 467 15 119 59 193 274 2.26 Mar-May 274 --- 0 274 10 85 61 155 119 2.41 Jun-Aug 119 --- 0 119 6 37 29 72 47 2.27 Mkt. yr. 18 795 0 814 45 516 205 766 47 2.34 1997/98 Sep-Nov 47 634 0 681 18 239 49 307 374 2.26 Dec-Feb 374 --- 0 374 18 38 83 139 235 2.24 Mar-May 235 --- 0 235 12 71 55 139 96 2.16 Jun-Aug 96 --- 0 96 6 17 24 47 49 2.08 Mkt. yr. 47 634 0 681 55 365 212 632 49 2.21 1998/99 Sep-Nov 49 520 0 569 15 180 41 235 334 1.68 Mkt. yr. 49 520 0 569 45 275 185 505 64 1.65-1.75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table 1--Feed Grains: Marketing year supply and disappearance, (cont.) 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year/ Beg. Produc- Im- Supply FSI Feed & Ex- Total End. Farm Qtr. stocks tion ports resid. ports disp. stks. price ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ BARLEY ----------------------Million bushels--------------------- $/bu 1996/97 Jun-Aug 100 392 9 501 44 136 7 187 314 3.11 Sep-Nov 314 --- 8 322 39 25 12 76 246 2.74 Dec-Feb 246 --- 8 254 37 38 7 82 173 2.55 Mar-May 173 --- 11 184 53 18 4 75 109 2.33 Mkt. yr. 100 392 37 529 172 217 31 419 109 2.74 1997/98 Jun-Aug 109 360 12 482 44 87 24 155 327 2.31 Sep-Nov 327 --- 7 334 39 12 39 90 244 2.45 Dec-Feb 244 --- 8 252 37 29 6 72 180 2.42 Mar-May 180 --- 13 193 53 16 5 74 119 2.26 Mkt. yr. 109 360 40 510 172 144 74 390 119 2.38 1998/99 Jun-Aug 119 352 7 479 44 101 8 153 326 2.02 Sep-Nov 326 --- 7 333 39 24 8 71 262 1.97 Mkt. yr. 119 352 30 502 172 185 30 387 115 1.90-2.00 OATS 1996/97 Jun-Aug 66 153 6 226 24 69 1.0 94 132 2.08 Sep-Nov 132 --- 39 171 22 22 0.8 45 126 1.84 Dec-Feb 126 --- 28 154 20 37 0.3 58 96 1.79 Mar-May 96 --- 24 120 28 25 0.4 53 67 1.88 Mkt. yr. 66 153 97 317 95 153 2.5 250 67 1.96 1997/98 Jun-Aug 67 167 19 253 24 74 0.4 98 155 1.62 Sep-Nov 155 --- 38 193 22 26 0.7 49 144 1.54 Dec-Feb 144 --- 26 170 21 38 0.5 59 111 1.59 Mar-May 111 --- 15 127 28 24 0.5 53 74 1.60 Mkt. yr. 67 167 98 332 95 161 2.1 258 74 1.60 1998/99 Jun-Aug 74 167 28 269 24 83 0.5 107 162 1.15 Sep-Nov 162 --- 36 198 22 32 0.4 54 143 1.08 Mkt. yr. 74 167 105 346 95 165 2.0 262 84 1.10-1.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Totals may not add due to rounding. 1/ Corn and sorghum are on a September 1 to August 31 marketing year. Barley and oats are on a June 1 to May 31 marketing year. Table 2--Feed and residual use of wheat and coarse grains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year Feed Total Animal Feed/ Beginning Corn Sorg. Barley Oats Grains Wheat grains Units animal September 1 unit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------ Million metric tons --------------- Mil. Tons 1996/97 Sep-Nov 48.0 7.0 0.5 0.4 56.0 -2.1 53.9 Dec-Feb 37.9 3.0 0.8 0.6 42.4 0.8 43.2 Mar-May 28.1 2.1 0.4 0.4 31.1 -0.7 30.4 Jun-Aug 20.7 0.9 1.9 1.1 24.6 9.6 34.2 Mkt. yr. 134.7 13.1 3.6 2.6 154.0 7.7 161.7 85.3 1.89 % Change 12.6 74.8 -17.9 1.3 14.9 24.8 15.3 0.4 14.9 1997/98 Sep-Nov 51.7 6.1 0.3 0.5 58.5 -3.1 55.5 Dec-Feb 38.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 40.6 -0.0 40.5 Mar-May 27.7 1.8 0.3 0.4 30.2 0.3 30.5 Jun-Aug 22.1 0.4 2.2 1.3 26.0 11.6 37.6 Mkt. yr. 139.8 9.3 3.4 2.8 155.3 8.8 164.1 87.8 1.87 % Change 3.8 -29.3 -5.4 6.4 0.8 14.1 1.5 2.8 -1.3 1998/99 Sep-Nov 54.1 4.6 0.5 0.6 59.7 -2.0 57.7 Mkt. yr. 144.8 7.0 4.6 2.7 159.0 7.5 166.5 87.8 1.90 % Change 3.5 -24.6 32.0 -1.4 2.4 -14.9 1.5 0.0 1.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table 3--Cash feed grain prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Corn, Corn, Sorghum, Sorghum, Barley, Barley, Oats, No. 2, No. 2, No. 2, Yel No. 2, No. 2, No. 3 or No. 2, Yel, Yel, Texas Yel, feed, better, Heavy Ctrl. Gulf South Gulf Duluth Malting, white, IL ports Panhandle ports Minn. Minn. 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 2/ 2/ 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mkt. yr. $/bu $/bu $/cwt $/cwt $/bu $/bu $/bu 94/95 2.34 2.78 4.75 4.62 2.02 2.75 1.36 95/96 3.91 4.30 7.30 7.19 2.67 3.69 2.28 96/97 2.74 3.07 5.02 5.03 2.32 3.18 2.03 97/98 2.45 2.78 4.72 4.76 1.90 2.50 1.70 Monthly: 1997/98: Oct 2.66 3.05 4.91 5.16 2.05 2.74 1.75 Nov 2.70 2.98 4.91 5.09 1.98 NQ 1.65 Dec 2.60 2.89 4.82 5.02 1.66 NQ 1.71 Jan 2.60 2.90 4.88 5.04 1.58 NQ 1.68 1998/99: Oct 1.94 2.43 4.01 4.00 NQ NQ 1.29 Nov 2.09 2.47 4.14 4.15 NQ NQ 1.32 Dec 2.08 2.42 3.94 4.12 NQ NQ 1.31 Jan 2.07 2.48 3.79 4.13 NQ NQ 1.33 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Marketing year beginning September 1. 2/ Marketing year beginning June 1. NQ = No quote. Table 4--Selected feed and feed by-product prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Soybean Cotton- Corn Corn Meat & Dists.' Wheat Alfalfa meal seed gluten gluten bone dried midlgs, farm 44% slv. meal, feed, meal, meal, grains, Kansas price Decatur, 41% slv. IL IL Central Lawrence- City IL Memphis pts. pts. U.S. burg, IN 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------$/ton----------------------------------- Mkt. yr. 94/95 151.77 112.64 82.77 221.95 170.51 106.70 65.04 92.10 95/96 217.27 186.12 116.47 319.35 222.07 151.37 118.08 87.20 96/97 260.37 191.47 93.05 341.50 272.44 142.87 91.18 101.80 97/98 186.55 150.40 69.65 290.45 192.56 109.76 76.30 107.00 Monthly: 1997/98: Oct 216.00 189.10 73.75 343.75 260.40 128.75 89.40 106.00 Nov 231.60 189.10 73.25 351.25 221.10 133.00 101.50 107.00 Dec 214.90 190.50 78.20 350.50 226.60 125.80 91.70 102.00 Jan 193.10 153.10 76.90 321.90 189.50 124.10 95.30 102.00 1998/99: Oct 129.40 106.50 56.90 227.50 141.30 75.00 49.00 88.10 Nov 139.30 107.90 66.10 313.10 154.00 74.00 60.00 85.00 Dec 139.60 119.75 74.40 291.00 151.20 78.00 68.10 81.40 Jan 131.00 110.60 75.90 257.50 143.00 87.00 80.10 81.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Marketing year beginning September 1. 2/ Marketing year beginning May 1. Table 5--Corn: Food, and industrial uses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Glucose ---Alcohol--- Cereals and Bev. & other Total Year HFCS dex. Starch Fuel & Mfg products F&I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Million bushels 1996/97 Sep-Nov 113.2 60.0 55.0 91.9 29.0 33.6 382.6 Dec-Feb 110.7 56.3 55.1 106.2 33.0 33.2 394.4 Mar-May 134.8 64.0 59.5 119.2 34.0 33.9 445.4 Jun-Aug 145.1 65.5 59.1 111.4 34.0 33.9 449.0 Mkt year 503.8 245.8 228.6 428.7 130.0 134.6 1,671.5 1997/98 Sep-Nov 122.8 63.4 59.6 116.1 33.2 34.0 429.1 Dec-Feb 116.8 56.2 56.7 122.2 32.8 33.6 418.3 Mar-May 139.4 60.7 58.3 118.3 33.5 34.4 444.5 Jun-Aug 153.4 64.7 58.9 124.6 33.5 34.4 469.4 Mkt year 532.3 244.9 233.5 481.1 133.0 136.5 1,761.2 1998/99 Sep-Nov 127.6 60.5 57.8 132.4 30.6 34.8 443.7 Mkt year 560.0 240.0 235.0 550.0 125.0 139.7 1,849.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table 6--Wholesale corn milling product and by-product prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Corn meal, Brewers' Sugar, HFCS, 42% Corn starch, yellow, grits, destrose, tank cars, fob Midwest New York Chicago Midwest Midwest 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $/cwt $/cwt cents/lb cents/lb $/cwt Mkt. yr. 1/ 94/95 13.22 10.67 25.62 12.27 12.43 95/96 17.79 14.21 25.50 13.01 15.98 96/97 16.94 12.85 25.50 13.15 13.83 97/98 15.94 11.85 28.08 7.77 13.55 Monthly 1997/98: Nov 16.50 12.40 25.50 8.30 13.80 Dec 16.26 12.16 25.50 8.30 14.05 Jan 16.02 11.92 25.50 8.50 13.63 Feb 16.10 12.00 25.50 8.50 13.66 1998/99: Nov 15.07 10.97 30.65 7.65 11.32 Dec 14.91 10.81 30.65 7.83 11.32 Jan 15.13 11.03 30.65 7.95 11.17 Feb 2/ 15.30 11.20 30.65 7.95 11.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Marketing year beginning September 1. 2/ Preliminary. 3/ Bulk-industrial, unmodified. Table 7--U.S. imports by country of origin ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country/region ------1996/97--- ------1997/98------ 1998/99 Mkt. yr. Jun-Dec Mkt. yr. Jun-Dec Jun-Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OATS --------------------Thousand tons--------------------- Canada 1,440 932 1,282 1,017 838 Finland 99 22 161 76 130 Sweden 140 34 176 87 288 Total 1/ 1,680 987 1,696 1,209 1,257 BARLEY, MALTING Canada 608 352 733 450 308 Total 1/ 609 352 733 450 308 BARLEY, OTHER 2/ Canada 191 100 112 71 67 Total 1/ 192 100 143 72 67 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Mainly consists of barley for feeding, and also includes seed barley. Source: Bureau of the Census Table 8--U.S. feed grain exports by selected destinations 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country/region ------1996/97--- ------1997/98------ 1998/99 Mkt. yr. Sep-Dec Mkt. yr. Sep-Dec Sep-Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CORN Japan 14,821 4,681 14,497 5,311 4,804 Taiwan 5,482 1,804 3,758 1,761 1,467 Former USSR 184 69 23 22 0 South Africa 81 0 0 0 0 Sub-Saharan Africa 272 48 336 61 75 EU 1,704 152 135 6 185 Egypt 2,292 856 1,808 731 840 Canada 833 357 1,423 557 301 China 53 53 212 0 154 East Europe 385 385 19 19 0 Algeria 869 318 861 368 367 S. Korea 5,369 2,714 3,484 789 1,699 Mexico 3,155 1,430 4,116 841 1,971 Others 10,081 4,247 7,444 2,730 4,331 Total 45,581 17,114 38,117 13,196 16,195 SORGHUM Mexico 2,111 777 3,222 801 785 Japan 2,102 806 1,650 938 561 Others 948 334 463 94 59 Total 5,161 1,917 5,334 1,833 1,405 ---------------------------------------------------------- ------1996/97--- ------1997/98------ 1998/99 Mkt. yr. Jun-Dec Mkt. yr. Jun-Dec Jun-Dec BARLEY ---------------------------------------------------------- Saudi Arabia 88 32 922 922 0 Israel 28 28 0 0 0 Jordan 50 50 53 53 0 Japan 175 113 290 232 258 Mexico 182 136 124 80 58 Taiwan 35 35 94 60 0 Other 220 86 135 91 66 Total 779 480 1,617 1437 381 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Source: Bureau of the Census END_OF_FILE