United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Chemical Usage 1997 Field Crops Summary May 1998 National Agricultural Statistics Service Economics Research Service Ag Ch 1(98) 1997 Agricultural Chemical Use Estimates for Field Crops Overview: The agricultural chemical use estimates in this report are based on data compiled from the Agricultural Resources Management Study conducted during the Fall of 1997. All results refer to on-farm use of fertilizers and pesticides on the targeted crops for the 1997 crop year. Targeted crops include corn, upland cotton, fall potatoes, soybeans, and winter, durum, and other spring wheat. Data were collected late in the growing season or after the farm operator has indicated that planned applications were completed. The table below shows survey coverage for 1996 and 1997 by crop. In the table are statistics on the number of States surveyed, the number of reports summarized, and the percent of the U. S. Crop acres accounted for in the surveyed States. Agricultural Chemical Use Survey Coverage, 1996 and 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 :-------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : States : Reports :US Acreage: States : Reports : US Acreage :Surveyed:Summarized: Included :Surveyed:Summarized: Included -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- Number --- Percent --- Number --- Percent : Corn : 16 3,921 88 10 1,688 77 Cotton, Upland : 7 1,136 83 12 1,137 96 Potatoes, Fall : 5 470 63 7 633 79 Soybeans : 12 2,839 79 19 2,530 93 Wheat, Winter : 10 825 72 14 1,427 84 Wheat, Durum : 1 98 83 1 118 83 Wheat, Oth. Spr. : 3 248 82 4 298 93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Highlights Corn producers in the surveyed States applied nitrogen fertilizer to 99 percent of the acreage planted while phosphate and potash were put on 84 and 72 percent of the acreage. Herbicides were applied to 96 percent of the crop acres and insecticides were used on 30 percent of the acreage. Atrazine was the most common herbicide with 69 percent of the reported acreage being treated. Cotton growers in the 12 major producing States surveyed applied nitrogen to 90 percent of the 1997 acreage planted. Phosphate went on 67 percent of the upland cotton while 58 percent of the major States acreage received potash. Pesticide usage was widespread in the twelve States. Herbicides were used on 97 percent of the cotton and insecticides on 77 percent. Also, 73 percent of the acreage was treated with other chemicals. The 1997 fall potato crop, in seven major States received at least one application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers on nearly all the acreage. Potash was applied to 91 percent of the fall crop. Herbicides were used on 83 percent of the acreage while insecticides were applied to 92 percent. Fungicides went on 98 percent of the acres. Other chemicals used varied widely with diquat being the most commonly used active ingredient of that class. Soybean growers in the nineteen States surveyed used nitrogen fertilizer on 20 percent of the acreage, phosphate on 28 percent and potash on 33 percent of the acreage planted. Herbicides were applied to 97 percent of the acreage. Insecticide and fungicide usage was minimal in the surveyed States. Winter wheat producers applied nitrogen fertilizer to 84 percent of the winter wheat harvested acres in the fourteen surveyed States. Of the harvested area, 53 percent received phosphate fertilizer and potash was used on 15 percent of the fourteen State area. All surveyed States treated at least a portion of the harvested area with herbicides with 2,4-D again the most widely used in area applied and quantity. For Ohio, there were not enough reports of any one chemical used to publish pesticide data by chemical. Most of the planted acres of North Dakota's durum and the collective 4-state other spring wheat plantings had primary fertilizer percent coverages similar to that of 1996. The three most popular herbicides, in terms of area covered for spring wheat other than durum were 2,4-D, MCPA, and dicamba. Corn Nitrogen was applied to 99 percent of the total 1997 corn acreage in the ten States surveyed. South Dakota with 96 percent of the corn acreage treated was the lowest. The next lowest was Minnesota, where growers treated 97 percent of the planted corn acreage. Growers in Indiana, Michigan, Missouri and Nebraska reported 100 percent of the acreage treated. Growers used an average of 1.7 applications per acre applying 76 pounds per treatment. In the States surveyed, 84 percent of the planted corn acreage received phosphates, and potash was applied to 72 percent of the acreage. Herbicides were applied to 96 percent of the corn acreage in 1997. Atrazine was the most used herbicide with 69 percent of the reported acreage being treated. Atrazine was applied at the rate of 1.01 pound per acre. Dicamba and Metolachlor were the next two most widely used herbicides and they were applied to 29 and 35 percent of the reported acreage, respectively. In 1997, 30 percent of the corn acreage was treated with insecticides. Chlorpyrifos and Tefluthrin were the most widely used insecticides, with 7 percent of the reported acreage treated. Chlorpyrifos was applied at the rate of 1.12 pounds per acre and Tefluthrin was applied at .12 pounds per acre. The following U.S. map shows the number of usable reports by State in the 1997 survey. These 10 States accounted for 62.2 million acres, 77 percent of the total corn acreage in 1997. The accompanying bar chart shows the 5 most commonly applied active ingredients in 1997 with comparisons for the previous two years. Corn: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : IL : 11,200 99 1,689.5 87 747.9 87 1,046.8 IN : 6,000 100 876.7 96 410.9 82 525.9 IA : 12,200 99 1,464.3 75 575.4 75 668.0 MI : 2,600 100 309.2 91 117.9 94 263.8 MN : 7,000 97 750.9 79 270.4 81 309.6 MO : 2,950 100 447.1 84 131.3 84 176.4 NE : 9,000 100 1,313.1 80 205.2 26 33.3 OH : 3,600 99 567.5 89 234.6 89 313.6 SD : 3,800 96 303.1 80 113.9 31 25.5 WI : 3,800 98 285.2 97 154.0 93 244.1 : Total : 62,150 99 8,006.6 84 2,961.5 72 3,607.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Illinois: : 11,200 Nitrogen : 99 1.7 92 153 1,689.5 Phosphate : 87 1.0 75 77 747.9 Potash : 87 1.0 105 107 1,046.8 : Indiana: : 6,000 Nitrogen : 100 2.2 66 146 876.7 Phosphate : 96 1.4 53 72 410.9 Potash : 82 1.1 96 107 525.9 : Iowa: : 12,200 Nitrogen : 99 1.6 77 121 1,464.3 Phosphate : 75 1.1 57 63 575.4 Potash : 75 1.1 67 73 668.0 : Michigan: : 2,600 Nitrogen : 100 1.9 62 119 309.2 Phosphate : 91 1.1 44 50 117.9 Potash : 94 1.4 79 108 263.8 : Minnesota: : 7,000 Nitrogen : 97 1.5 74 110 750.9 Phosphate : 79 1.1 44 49 270.4 Potash : 81 1.2 46 54 309.6 : Missouri: : 2,950 Nitrogen : 100 1.3 116 152 447.1 Phosphate : 84 1.1 49 53 131.3 Potash : 84 1.1 67 71 176.4 : Nebraska: : 9,000 Nitrogen : 100 2.0 75 147 1,313.1 Phosphate : 80 1.0 27 28 205.2 Potash : 26 1.1 13 14 33.3 : Ohio: : 3,600 Nitrogen : 99 2.1 76 158 567.5 Phosphate : 89 1.2 60 73 234.6 Potash : 89 1.1 88 98 313.6 : South Dakota: : 3,800 Nitrogen : 96 1.4 60 83 303.1 Phosphate : 80 1.0 36 37 113.9 Potash : 31 1.0 22 22 25.5 : Wisconsin: : 3,800 Nitrogen : 98 1.6 49 77 285.2 Phosphate : 97 1.0 42 42 154.0 Potash : 93 1.2 59 69 244.1 : Total: : 62,150 Nitrogen : 99 1.7 76 130 8,006.6 Phosphate : 84 1.1 52 57 2,961.5 Potash : 72 1.1 73 81 3,607.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :-------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : Active Ingredient : All : IL : IN : IA : MI : MN : MO : NE : OH : SD : WI -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Herbicides : : 2,4-D : P : P P P P P * P P P * Acetochlor : P : P P P P P P P P P P Alachlor : P : P P P P P P P P P P Atrazine : P : P P P P P P P P P P Bentazon : P : P * P * * * * * Bromoxynil : P : P * P * P * P * P Butylate : * : * * * Clopyralid : P : * * P * P * * * P * Cyanazine : P : P P P P P P P P P P Dicamba : P : P P P P P P P P P P Dimethenamid : P : P * P * P P P * P P EPTC : P : * * P * * P Flumetsulam : P : P * P P P * * P P P Glyphosate : P : P P * P * P P P P P Halosulfuron : P : P * * P * P Imazapyr : * : * * * Imazethapyr : P : * * * * * * * * Linuron : * : * Metolachlor : P : P P P P P P P P P P Metribuzin : P : * * * * * Nicosulfuron : P : P P P P P * P * P P Oxyfluorfen : * : * Paraquat : P : * P * * P P Pendimethalin : P : * * * P P * * * P Primisulfuron : P : P P P * P P P * P P Propachlor : P : * * * * Prosulfuron : P : P P P * * * P * * * Pyridate : * : * * Rimsulfuron : P : * * * * P * Sethoxydim : * : * * Simazine : P : P * * * P Thifensulfuron : P : * * * * P * Trifluralin : * : * * : : Insecticides : : Bifenthrin : * : * * Bt (Bacillus thur.) : P : P Carbaryl : * : * Carbofuran : P : * * * * P * Chlorethoxyfos : P : * P * Chlorpyrifos : P : P P P P * P P P * P Cyfluthrin : P : P * P * * * * Dimethoate : * : * * Fonofos : P : * * * * * * Lambdacyhalothrin : P : * * * * * * * Methyl parathion : P : * * Permethrin : P : P * * * P P * Phorate : P : * * * * * Tebupirimphos : P : P * P * * * * Tefluthrin : P : P P P * * P * P P Terbufos : P : P * P * * P * * * : : Fungicides : : Propiconazole : * : * * * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Corn: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Area Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State: Planted :---------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide 1/: Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : IL : 11,200 98 32,733 44 4,266 IN 2/: 6,000 94 18,127 31 1,023 IA : 12,200 98 36,144 19 2,323 MI : 2,600 98 6,912 11 200 MN : 7,000 91 13,956 10 291 MO : 2,950 97 8,203 35 475 NE 2/: 9,000 98 19,970 62 3,531 OH 2/: 3,600 100 12,971 18 711 SD : 3,800 93 6,346 10 317 WI : 3,800 98 8,689 19 433 : Total: 62,150 96 164,051 30 13,570 * 14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Total applied excludes Bt's (Bacillus thuringiensis). Quantities are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 2/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the pesticide classes. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.0 0.35 0.37 2,087 Acetochlor : 24 1.0 1.90 1.90 28,158 Alachlor : 4 1.0 1.80 1.80 4,576 Atrazine : 69 1.1 1.01 1.09 47,155 Bentazon : 3 1.0 0.46 0.46 942 Bromoxynil : 6 1.0 0.26 0.26 1,031 Clopyralid : 3 1.0 0.07 0.07 134 Cyanazine : 14 1.0 1.87 1.94 16,490 Dicamba : 29 1.0 0.32 0.32 5,797 Dimethenamid : 6 1.0 1.16 1.21 4,728 EPTC : 1 1.0 3.71 3.71 3,173 Flumetsulam : 4 1.0 0.03 0.03 82 Glyphosate : 4 1.0 0.52 0.53 1,429 Halosulfuron : 1 1.0 0.04 0.04 34 Imazethapyr : 1 1.0 0.02 0.02 12 Metolachlor : 35 1.0 1.98 2.00 43,772 Metribuzin : 1 1.0 0.08 0.08 30 Nicosulfuron : 10 1.0 0.03 0.03 160 Paraquat : 1 1.0 0.56 0.56 381 Pendimethalin : 3 1.0 1.13 1.13 1,764 Primisulfuron : 8 1.0 0.02 0.02 82 Propachlor : * 1.0 1.95 1.95 347 Prosulfuron : 5 1.0 0.02 0.02 50 Rimsulfuron : 2 1.3 0.01 0.01 11 Simazine : 1 1.0 1.36 1.36 979 Thifensulfuron : 2 1.3 0.004 0.006 6 : Insecticides: : Bt (Bacillus thur.)2/: 1 1.0 Carbofuran : 2 1.0 1.03 1.03 1,504 Chlorethoxyfos : 2 1.0 0.16 0.16 186 Chlorpyrifos : 7 1.1 1.12 1.22 5,341 Cyfluthrin : 1 1.0 0.006 0.006 5 Fonofos : * 1.0 1.02 1.02 213 Lambdacyhalothrin : 1 1.0 0.02 0.02 13 Methyl parathion : 4 1.3 0.51 0.65 1,517 Permethrin : 5 1.0 0.10 0.11 313 Phorate : 1 1.0 1.20 1.20 444 Tebupirimphos : 1 1.0 0.12 0.12 105 Tefluthrin : 7 1.0 0.12 0.12 522 Terbufos : 4 1.2 1.14 1.35 3,200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for the 10 states surveyed were 62.2 million acres. States included are IL, IN, IA, MI, MN, MO, NE, OH, SD, and WI. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Illinois, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 6 1.0 0.35 0.35 229 Acetochlor : 29 1.0 2.06 2.07 6,731 Alachlor : 1 1.0 2.29 2.29 164 Atrazine : 79 1.1 1.07 1.17 10,398 Bentazon : 8 1.0 0.44 0.44 375 Bromoxynil : 6 1.0 0.27 0.27 180 Cyanazine : 15 1.0 2.25 2.25 3,839 Dicamba : 19 1.0 0.37 0.37 803 Dimethenamid : 8 1.2 1.17 1.38 1,272 Flumetsulam : 1 1.0 0.06 0.06 5 Glyphosate : 7 1.0 0.51 0.51 412 Halosulfuron : 4 1.0 0.04 0.04 17 Metolachlor : 31 1.0 2.14 2.14 7,409 Nicosulfuron : 7 1.0 0.03 0.03 23 Primisulfuron : 7 1.0 0.02 0.02 14 Prosulfuron : 5 1.0 0.02 0.02 11 Simazine : 2 1.0 1.39 1.39 357 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 16 1.0 1.16 1.16 2,105 Cyfluthrin : 2 1.0 0.006 0.006 1 Permethrin : 9 1.0 0.11 0.11 105 Tebupirimphos : 2 1.0 0.12 0.12 22 Tefluthrin : 4 1.0 0.12 0.12 57 Terbufos : 4 2.0 1.24 2.49 1,117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Illinois were 11.2 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Indiana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 11 1.0 0.39 0.39 248 Acetochlor : 15 1.0 2.80 2.80 2,505 Alachlor : 5 1.0 1.52 1.52 476 Atrazine : 84 1.1 1.24 1.33 6,653 Cyanazine : 16 1.0 1.86 1.86 1,802 Dicamba : 8 1.0 0.48 0.48 235 Glyphosate : 3 1.0 0.41 0.41 70 Metolachlor : 52 1.0 1.83 1.83 5,695 Nicosulfuron : 7 1.0 0.03 0.03 12 Paraquat : 1 1.0 0.65 0.65 34 Primisulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 5 Prosulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 5 : Insecticides: : Chlorethoxyfos : 10 1.0 0.16 0.16 97 Chlorpyrifos : 4 1.0 1.19 1.19 267 Tefluthrin : 6 1.0 0.08 0.08 31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Indiana were 6.00 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Iowa, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.1 0.31 0.33 370 Acetochlor : 28 1.0 1.90 1.90 6,456 Alachlor : 2 1.0 2.26 2.26 621 Atrazine : 72 1.2 0.85 0.98 8,614 Bentazon : 7 1.0 0.38 0.38 328 Bromoxynil : 11 1.0 0.25 0.25 326 Clopyralid : 4 1.0 0.05 0.05 25 Cyanazine : 16 1.1 2.14 2.42 4,620 Dicamba : 41 1.1 0.33 0.35 1,727 Dimethenamid : 7 1.0 1.25 1.25 1,075 Flumetsulam : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 9 Metolachlor : 43 1.0 2.17 2.21 11,456 Nicosulfuron : 5 1.0 0.03 0.03 21 Primisulfuron : 5 1.0 0.02 0.02 12 Prosulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 10 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 6 1.4 1.28 1.73 1,248 Cyfluthrin : 3 1.0 0.006 0.006 2 Tebupirimphos : 3 1.0 0.13 0.13 39 Tefluthrin : 3 1.0 0.09 0.09 35 Terbufos : 6 1.0 1.21 1.21 922 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Iowa were 12.2 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Michigan, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 15 1.0 0.21 0.21 85 Acetochlor : 21 1.0 2.25 2.25 1,205 Alachlor : 3 1.0 1.27 1.27 85 Atrazine : 72 1.0 1.22 1.27 2,384 Cyanazine : 19 1.0 0.92 0.92 447 Dicamba : 14 1.0 0.21 0.21 77 Flumetsulam : 8 1.0 0.03 0.03 5 Glyphosate : 8 1.0 0.53 0.54 119 Metolachlor : 44 1.0 1.67 1.67 1,905 Nicosulfuron : 10 1.0 0.02 0.02 6 Pendimethalin : 6 1.0 0.96 0.96 143 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 4 1.0 1.31 1.31 153 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Michigan were 2.60 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Minnesota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.0 0.24 0.25 163 Acetochlor : 29 1.0 1.43 1.43 2,850 Alachlor : 1 1.0 1.99 1.99 207 Atrazine : 35 1.1 0.61 0.65 1,578 Bromoxynil : 11 1.0 0.26 0.26 210 Clopyralid : 7 1.0 0.05 0.05 24 Cyanazine : 6 1.0 1.14 1.14 460 Dicamba : 54 1.0 0.26 0.26 1,007 Dimethenamid : 5 1.0 0.82 0.82 310 EPTC : 8 1.0 3.96 3.96 2,330 Flumetsulam : 7 1.0 0.02 0.02 9 Metolachlor : 22 1.0 2.74 2.74 4,204 Nicosulfuron : 32 1.0 0.02 0.02 50 Pendimethalin : 5 1.0 1.08 1.08 365 Primisulfuron : 13 1.0 0.02 0.02 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Minnesota were 7.00 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Missouri, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acetochlor : 10 1.0 2.22 2.22 679 Alachlor : 5 1.0 1.97 1.97 314 Atrazine : 79 1.0 1.30 1.36 3,171 Cyanazine : 19 1.0 1.82 1.82 1,005 Dicamba : 6 1.0 0.31 0.31 53 Dimethenamid : 6 1.0 0.98 0.98 185 Glyphosate : 4 1.0 0.31 0.31 40 Metolachlor : 42 1.0 1.90 1.93 2,372 Primisulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 2 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 7 1.0 1.53 1.53 315 Permethrin : 14 1.0 0.14 0.14 59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Missouri were 2.95 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Nebraska, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.0 0.51 0.52 417 Acetochlor : 28 1.0 1.65 1.65 4,083 Alachlor : 8 1.0 1.55 1.55 1,156 Atrazine : 73 1.1 0.98 1.07 6,978 Bromoxynil : 2 1.0 0.31 0.31 68 Cyanazine : 10 1.0 1.23 1.23 1,144 Dicamba : 15 1.0 0.32 0.32 418 Dimethenamid : 3 1.0 1.06 1.06 249 Glyphosate : 5 1.0 0.46 0.46 222 Halosulfuron : 3 1.0 0.04 0.04 10 Metolachlor : 35 1.0 1.39 1.43 4,522 Nicosulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 9 Paraquat : 1 1.0 0.49 0.49 57 Primisulfuron : 19 1.0 0.01 0.01 24 Prosulfuron : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 20 Rimsulfuron : 3 1.0 0.01 0.01 2 Thifensulfuron : 3 1.0 0.004 0.004 1 : Insecticides: : Bt (Bacillus thur.)2/: 6 1.0 Carbofuran : 10 1.0 0.98 0.98 879 Chlorpyrifos : 6 1.2 0.55 0.68 382 Permethrin : 10 1.0 0.09 0.09 79 Tefluthrin : 23 1.1 0.12 0.13 270 Terbufos : 8 1.0 0.99 0.99 748 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Nebraska were 9.00 million acres. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Ohio, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 12 1.0 0.38 0.38 164 Acetochlor : 20 1.0 2.34 2.34 1,717 Alachlor : 4 1.0 1.83 1.83 236 Atrazine : 85 1.0 1.38 1.43 4,363 Cyanazine : 20 1.1 2.61 2.77 1,984 Dicamba : 20 1.0 0.22 0.22 156 Flumetsulam : 4 1.0 0.06 0.06 8 Glyphosate : 7 1.0 0.63 0.63 150 Metolachlor : 46 1.0 1.96 2.04 3,417 Paraquat : 3 1.0 0.51 0.51 49 Simazine : 10 1.0 1.22 1.22 426 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 10 1.0 1.20 1.20 429 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Ohio were 3.60 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, South Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 20 1.2 0.35 0.41 314 Acetochlor : 17 1.0 1.26 1.26 811 Alachlor : 6 1.0 1.08 1.08 254 Atrazine : 47 1.0 0.60 0.60 1,076 Bromoxynil : 4 1.0 0.26 0.26 41 Clopyralid : 8 1.0 0.12 0.12 38 Cyanazine : 9 1.0 1.26 1.26 409 Dicamba : 52 1.0 0.28 0.28 546 Dimethenamid : 12 1.0 1.62 1.62 712 EPTC : 5 1.0 3.41 3.41 708 Flumetsulam : 8 1.0 0.04 0.04 14 Glyphosate : 6 1.2 0.36 0.43 91 Metolachlor : 16 1.0 1.96 1.96 1,198 Nicosulfuron : 18 1.0 0.03 0.03 18 Primisulfuron : 7 1.0 0.02 0.02 5 : Insecticides: : Tefluthrin : 2 1.0 0.08 0.08 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for South Dakota were 3.80 million acres. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Wisconsin, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acetochlor : 15 1.0 1.92 1.92 1,122 Alachlor : 12 1.0 2.38 2.38 1,063 Atrazine : 64 1.0 0.79 0.80 1,940 Cyanazine : 13 1.0 1.54 1.54 782 Dicamba : 53 1.0 0.38 0.38 776 Dimethenamid : 13 1.0 1.14 1.14 544 Flumetsulam : 11 1.0 0.05 0.05 20 Glyphosate : 9 1.0 0.76 0.76 268 Halosulfuron : 2 1.0 0.05 0.05 4 Metolachlor : 21 1.0 2.00 2.00 1,594 Nicosulfuron : 16 1.0 0.03 0.03 18 Pendimethalin : 8 1.0 1.63 1.63 523 Primisulfuron : 4 1.0 0.02 0.02 3 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 6 1.0 1.07 1.07 254 Tefluthrin : 10 1.0 0.09 0.09 32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Wisconsin were 3.80 million acres. Upland Cotton Nitrogen fertilizer was applied on 90 percent of the upland cotton acreage during 1997, in the 12 States surveyed. Five of these States treated their entire acreage, and Texas producers treated 82 percent of the acres, compared to 55 percent the previous year. The area treated with phosphate totaled 67 percent of the planted acreage in these States. South Carolina and Tennessee were the most widespread users, with 100 percent and 99 percent of their acreage being treated, respectively. Arizona and California continued as the smallest users, while the largest increases were in Arkansas and Mississippi. Arkansas showed a 17 point increase, while Mississippi's use was up 19 points from 1996. Potash was applied to 58 percent of the area planted to upland cotton in 1997. The Delta and Southeastern States were the largest users of potash, and South Carolina producers treated their entire acreage. Arkansas showed a 20 point increase in area treated, at 91 percent, while Arizona continued to be the smallest user, treating 4 percent of the acres. More than one treatment was needed for nitrogen application, and Arizona producers averaged three applications. Herbicides were applied to 97 percent of the upland cotton planted acreage in the 12 States surveyed. Arizona and Louisiana showed increases of 12 points and 9 points respectively from 1996's use level. Texas showed a 7 point increase, but Arkansas showed a 10 point decline from the previous year. Trifluralin continued to be the most used herbicide, and was applied to 55 percent of the acreage. About seven tenths of a pound was applied per application. Insecticide applications covered 77 percent of the upland cotton planted acres in 1997. Arkansas producers treated about three fourths of their acres, 16 points less than the previous year. Louisiana's use declined 21 points, but Georgia's use increased 17 points. Aldicarb was the most widely used of the insecticides, and was applied to 27 percent of the planted acreage in 1997. This was the second heaviest applied insecticide and two-thirds pound was used per application. Malathion was applied to 11 percent of the crop and had the highest total pounds applied. Area treated with other chemicals totaled 73 percent of the 1997 acreage. Georgia showed a 37 point increase from 1996, while Tennessee showed a 8 point decrease in use of other chemicals. Texas continued to treat the smallest percent of acres, at 53 percent, but this was 14 points above 1996. The following U.S. map shows the number of usable reports by State included in the 1997 survey. These States planted 13.1 million acres of upland cotton, representing 96 percent of the total U.S. acreage planted to the crop in 1997. The bar chart shows the top 5 active ingredients applied in 1997 compared with the previous two years. Upland Cotton: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : AL : 535 100 47.8 93 26.8 95 40.1 AZ : 325 99 41.8 29 5.2 4 0.6 AR : 950 92 67.2 83 42.5 91 57.6 CA : 880 96 122.7 25 13.4 26 16.7 GA : 1,440 95 126.3 94 81.4 99 132.0 LA : 630 98 48.5 71 22.8 76 33.8 MS : 985 100 107.3 46 22.6 77 72.1 MO : 380 100 42.6 72 10.0 95 28.1 NC : 670 92 38.4 64 16.6 85 56.8 SC : 290 100 26.8 100 15.8 100 34.2 TN : 490 100 44.8 99 27.4 99 42.9 TX : 5,500 82 280.9 62 126.3 29 25.8 : Total : 13,075 90 995.1 67 410.8 58 540.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Upland Cotton: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Alabama: : 535 Nitrogen : 100 1.5 58 89 47.8 Phosphate : 93 1.2 46 54 26.8 Potash : 95 1.2 66 79 40.1 : Arizona: : 325 Nitrogen : 99 3.0 43 130 41.8 Phosphate : 29 1.1 49 55 5.2 Potash : 4 1.2 37 46 0.6 : Arkansas: : 950 Nitrogen : 92 1.6 48 77 67.2 Phosphate : 83 1.1 50 54 42.5 Potash : 91 1.1 62 67 57.6 : California: : 880 Nitrogen : 96 1.6 88 145 122.7 Phosphate : 25 1.1 54 60 13.4 Potash : 26 1.5 47 72 16.7 : Georgia: : 1,440 Nitrogen : 95 2.1 43 92 126.3 Phosphate : 94 1.2 50 60 81.4 Potash : 99 1.3 74 93 132.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Upland Cotton: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Louisiana: : 630 Nitrogen : 98 1.2 64 79 48.5 Phosphate : 71 1.1 47 51 22.8 Potash : 76 1.1 66 70 33.8 : Mississippi: : 985 Nitrogen : 100 1.6 69 109 107.3 Phosphate : 46 1.0 50 50 22.6 Potash : 77 1.1 86 95 72.1 : Missouri: : 380 Nitrogen : 100 1.7 64 112 42.6 Phosphate : 72 1.0 37 37 10.0 Potash : 95 1.0 78 78 28.1 : North Carolina:: 670 Nitrogen : 92 1.7 37 62 38.4 Phosphate : 64 1.1 35 38 16.6 Potash : 85 1.3 76 99 56.8 : South Carolina:: 290 Nitrogen : 100 1.9 49 92 26.8 Phosphate : 100 1.2 44 54 15.8 Potash : 100 1.1 105 118 34.2 : Tennessee: : 490 Nitrogen : 100 1.4 67 92 44.8 Phosphate : 99 1.0 55 56 27.4 Potash : 99 1.0 87 88 42.9 : Texas: : 5,500 Nitrogen : 82 1.6 40 63 280.9 Phosphate : 62 1.1 35 37 126.3 Potash : 29 1.0 15 16 25.8 : Total: : 13,075 Nitrogen : 90 1.7 50 84 995.1 Phosphate : 67 1.1 43 47 410.8 Potash : 58 1.1 63 71 540.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Upland Cotton: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 ----------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :----------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : All : AL : AZ : AR : CA : GA : LA ----------------------------------------------------------------- : : Herbicides : : 2,4-D : * : 2,4-DB : * : Bromoxynil : P : * * Clethodim : P : * * * * * Clomazone : P : P P * P Cyanazine : P : P P P P P P DSMA : P : P * P P P Dicamba : P : * * * Diuron : P : P P * * * P EPTC : * : * Fenoxaprop : * : Fluazifop-P-butyl : P : * * * P * P Fluometuron : P : P * P P P Fomesafen : * : * Glyphosate : P : P * P P P P Imazamethabenz : * : Lactofen : P : * Linuron : * : MSMA : P : P * P * P P Metolachlor : P : * * P Norflurazon : P : P * P P P Oxyfluorfen : P : * Pendimethalin : P : P P P P P P Primisulfuron : * : * Prometryn : P : P P P * * P Pyrithiobac-sodium : P : P P P P P P Quizalofop-ethyl : P : P * * Sethoxydim : P : * * * * Trifluralin : P : P P P P P P : : Insecticides : : AC303-630 : * : * * Abamectin : P : P Acephate : P : P P * * * P Aldicarb : P : P P P P P P Amitraz : P : * P * * Azinphos-methyl : P : * * Bifenthrin : * : * * Bt (Bacillus thur.) : P : * * * Buprofezin : P : P * Carbaryl : * : * Carbofuran : P : * * * Chlorfenapyr : * : * Chlorpyrifos : P : * P P * * Cyfluthrin : P : * P P P P Cypermethrin : P : * * * * P P Deltamethrin : P : * * * * P Dicofol : P : P Dicrotophos : P : P P * P Diflubenzuron : * : * Dimethoate : P : * P * * * P ----------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Upland Cotton: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------ : States Surveyed :------------------------------ Active Ingredient : : : : : : : MS : MO : NC : SC : TN : TX ------------------------------------------------------ : Herbicides : 2,4-D : * * * 2,4-DB : * Bromoxynil : * * * * * Clethodim : P P P Clomazone : P P P * P * Cyanazine : P P P P P * DSMA : * * * * P * Dicamba : * * Diuron : P * * P P EPTC : Fenoxaprop : * * Fluazifop-P-butyl : * * * P P Fluometuron : P P P P P P Fomesafen : Glyphosate : P P P P P P Imazamethabenz : * Lactofen : P * * * Linuron : * * MSMA : P P P P P P Metolachlor : P * P P P Norflurazon : P P * * * P Oxyfluorfen : * Pendimethalin : P P P P P P Primisulfuron : Prometryn : P * P * P P Pyrithiobac-sodium : P P P P P P Quizalofop-ethyl : * * * * * Sethoxydim : P * Trifluralin : P P P P P P : Insecticides : AC303-630 : Abamectin : Acephate : P * P P P P Aldicarb : P P P P P P Amitraz : Azinphos-methyl : P * P P Bifenthrin : * Bt (Bacillus thur.) : * P Buprofezin : Carbaryl : * Carbofuran : * P Chlorfenapyr : Chlorpyrifos : * * Cyfluthrin : P P P P P P Cypermethrin : P * * * * P Deltamethrin : * * * * * Dicofol : Dicrotophos : P * P P Diflubenzuron : Dimethoate : * * P P ------------------------------------------------------ P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Upland Cotton: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :----------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : All : AL : AZ : AR : CA : GA : LA ----------------------------------------------------------------- : : Insecticides : : Disulfoton : P : P * * * Endosulfan : P : P * * Esfenvalerate : P : * * P P Fenpropathrin : P : P * Imidacloprid : P : * * P * P Lambdacyhalothrin : P : P P P P P Malathion : P : * * * P Methamidophos : P : * * * Methidathion : * : * Methomyl : P : P P * * P * Methyl parathion : P : * * P * P Naled : P : P Oxamyl : P : * P P * * P Oxydemeton-methyl : * : * Permethrin : * : * * Petroleum distillate : * : Phorate : P : P * P P * Profenofos : P : * * * P P P Propargite : P : P Pyriproxyfen : P : P * Sulfur : * : * * Sulprofos : * : * * Thiodicarb : P : * * P P Tralomethrin : P : * P * Zeta-cypermethrin : P : * * P * P P : : Fungicides : : Carboxin : * : * Etridiazole : P : * * * Iprodione : * : * Mancozeb : * : Metalaxyl : P : P * * P PCNB : P : P * P * P : : Other Chemicals : : Cacodylic acid : P : * * * * * * Chloropicrin : * : * * Cyclanilide : P : P * Cytokinins : * : Dichloropropene : * : * * Dimethipin : P : * * * P P Endothall : P : * * * Ethephon : P : P P P P P P Gibberellic acid : * : * Gossyplure : * : * IBA : * : * Mepiquat chloride : P : P P P P P P Metam-sodium : * : * Paraquat : P : P P * P P P Sodium chlorate : P : P P * P P P Thidiazuron : P : P P P * P P Tribufos : P : P P P P P P ----------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Upland Cotton: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------ : States Surveyed :------------------------------ Active Ingredient : : : : : : : MS : MO : NC : SC : TN : TX ------------------------------------------------------ : Insecticides : Disulfoton : P P P * P * Endosulfan : * * * P Esfenvalerate : P * P * * Fenpropathrin : * Imidacloprid : P * * * Lambdacyhalothrin : P * P P P P Malathion : P * P P Methamidophos : * * Methidathion : * Methomyl : * * Methyl parathion : P * * P P Naled : * * Oxamyl : P P P P Oxydemeton-methyl : * Permethrin : * * Petroleum distillate : * Phorate : P * P * P Profenofos : P * * * Propargite : Pyriproxyfen : Sulfur : Sulprofos : * * * Thiodicarb : * * * * * Tralomethrin : P * * * Zeta-cypermethrin : P * * * P : Fungicides : Carboxin : * Etridiazole : P * * P Iprodione : * * Mancozeb : * Metalaxyl : P * * P P PCNB : P * * P : Other Chemicals : Cacodylic acid : * * * * * Chloropicrin : Cyclanilide : P * P * P * Cytokinins : * Dichloropropene : Dimethipin : P P P * P * Endothall : * * P Ethephon : P P P P P P Gibberellic acid : * * * * * Gossyplure : IBA : * * * * * Mepiquat chloride : P P P P P P Metam-sodium : Paraquat : P P P * P P Sodium chlorate : P * * P P Thidiazuron : P P P * P P Tribufos : P P P P P P ------------------------------------------------------ P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Upland Cotton: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State: Planted :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide 1/: Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : AL : 535 100 1,667 85 469 17 22 69 482 AZ 2/: 325 87 534 85 705 86 770 AR : 950 89 2,882 77 678 10 83 84 1,335 CA 2/: 880 93 1,227 92 2,242 98 3,471 GA : 1,440 100 4,623 90 895 85 4,397 LA : 630 90 2,331 85 1,789 19 85 66 469 MS : 985 100 3,124 100 3,972 30 447 97 1,556 MO 2/: 380 100 839 71 210 99 573 NC 2/: 670 97 1,832 92 339 96 1,093 SC : 290 100 875 98 241 18 5 96 467 TN : 490 98 1,275 85 417 29 123 79 551 TX : 5,500 97 6,401 62 6,327 53 2,398 : Total: 13,075 97 27,611 77 18,282 7 897 73 17,561 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total Applied excludes Bt's (Bacillus thuringiensis). Quantities are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 2/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the pesticide classes. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Bromoxynil : 1 1.7 0.25 0.43 46 Clethodim : 2 1.1 0.13 0.14 37 Clomazone : 8 1.0 0.45 0.45 500 Cyanazine : 18 1.3 0.72 0.95 2,202 DSMA : 4 1.1 1.19 1.27 721 Dicamba : 1 1.1 0.64 0.68 59 Diuron : 12 1.1 0.51 0.55 883 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 3 1.0 0.12 0.13 45 Fluometuron : 44 1.3 0.65 0.84 4,847 Glyphosate : 14 1.3 0.61 0.81 1,542 Lactofen : 1 1.1 0.15 0.16 16 MSMA : 29 1.4 0.92 1.30 4,899 Metolachlor : 5 1.1 1.05 1.17 735 Norflurazon : 13 1.0 0.61 0.63 1,039 Oxyfluorfen : 1 1.2 0.31 0.37 30 Pendimethalin : 28 1.1 0.65 0.69 2,491 Prometryn : 19 1.2 0.55 0.66 1,669 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 23 1.2 0.05 0.06 171 Quizalofop-ethyl : 1 1.3 0.06 0.08 14 Sethoxydim : 1 1.0 0.21 0.21 21 Trifluralin : 55 1.1 0.70 0.76 5,461 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 4 1.1 0.007 0.008 4 Acephate : 10 1.7 0.43 0.72 898 Aldicarb : 27 1.0 0.66 0.68 2,428 Amitraz : 1 1.2 0.23 0.28 42 Azinphos-methyl : 5 2.0 0.23 0.46 293 Bt (Bacillus thur.)2/: 2 1.6 Buprofezin : * 1.0 0.35 0.35 16 Carbofuran : 3 1.0 0.31 0.32 113 Chlorpyrifos : 4 1.9 0.75 1.45 805 Cyfluthrin : 13 1.7 0.03 0.05 92 Cypermethrin : 8 1.7 0.08 0.14 137 Deltamethrin : 3 1.9 0.003 0.007 3 Dicofol : 2 1.0 1.13 1.13 255 Dicrotophos : 8 1.7 0.21 0.35 377 Dimethoate : 2 1.3 0.31 0.40 127 Disulfoton : 4 1.0 0.60 0.61 282 Endosulfan : 2 2.3 0.39 0.88 267 Esfenvalerate : 4 2.0 0.03 0.07 34 Fenpropathrin : 1 1.1 0.17 0.19 13 Imidacloprid : 6 1.3 0.04 0.06 47 Lambdacyhalothrin : 18 1.9 0.03 0.05 131 Malathion : 11 5.9 0.84 4.97 7,246 Methamidophos : 1 1.4 0.11 0.16 11 Methomyl : 2 1.7 0.28 0.46 103 Methyl parathion : 13 2.7 0.45 1.22 1,996 Naled : 2 1.1 0.78 0.88 185 Oxamyl : 15 1.6 0.21 0.33 648 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: (cont.) : Phorate : 7 1.0 0.73 0.73 667 Profenofos : 4 1.6 0.62 0.98 558 Propargite : 1 1.1 1.59 1.68 138 Pyriproxyfen : 1 1.0 0.05 0.05 6 Thiodicarb : 4 1.5 0.30 0.46 226 Tralomethrin : 2 2.1 0.02 0.04 11 Zeta-cypermethrin : 5 1.4 0.04 0.05 33 : Fungicides: : Etridiazole : 2 1.0 0.20 0.20 53 Metalaxyl : 4 1.0 0.08 0.08 37 PCNB : 4 1.0 1.03 1.04 589 : Other Chemicals: : Cacodylic acid : 3 1.0 1.11 1.11 383 Cyclanilide : 2 1.0 0.14 0.14 31 Dimethipin : 4 1.0 0.25 0.25 124 Endothall : 1 1.0 0.04 0.04 7 Ethephon : 34 1.0 0.99 1.02 4,570 Mepiquat chloride : 26 1.5 0.02 0.03 111 Paraquat : 24 1.1 0.29 0.30 940 Sodium chlorate : 10 1.0 2.15 2.24 2,884 Thidiazuron : 23 1.1 0.14 0.15 452 Tribufos : 37 1.1 0.77 0.83 3,997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for the 12 states surveyed were 13.1 million acres. States included are AL, AZ, AR, CA, GA, LA, MS, MO, NC, SC, TN, and TX. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Alabama, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clomazone : 29 1.0 0.58 0.58 91 Cyanazine : 35 1.0 0.71 0.71 132 DSMA : 28 1.1 1.08 1.17 177 Diuron : 17 1.2 0.57 0.68 63 Fluometuron : 84 1.1 0.67 0.75 337 Glyphosate : 21 1.4 0.64 0.88 101 MSMA : 48 1.3 1.08 1.43 368 Norflurazon : 7 1.0 0.57 0.57 20 Pendimethalin : 21 1.0 0.68 0.68 78 Prometryn : 17 1.0 0.36 0.37 33 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 22 1.0 0.05 0.05 6 Trifluralin : 62 1.0 0.65 0.66 216 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 11 1.5 0.52 0.76 44 Aldicarb : 33 1.0 0.65 0.65 116 Dicrotophos : 22 1.1 0.20 0.21 25 Disulfoton : 11 1.0 0.69 0.69 39 Lambdacyhalothrin : 31 1.6 0.04 0.05 9 Methomyl : 5 1.8 0.23 0.43 12 Phorate : 15 1.0 0.94 0.94 74 : Fungicides: : Metalaxyl : 12 1.0 0.08 0.08 5 PCNB : 7 1.0 0.40 0.40 14 : Other Chemicals: : Cyclanilide : 11 1.0 0.13 0.13 7 Ethephon : 43 1.0 0.89 0.89 205 Mepiquat chloride : 31 1.2 0.02 0.03 5 Paraquat : 10 1.5 0.61 0.91 51 Sodium chlorate : 9 1.0 0.88 0.88 42 Thidiazuron : 7 1.0 0.05 0.05 2 Tribufos : 34 1.0 0.90 0.91 164 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Alabama were 535,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Arizona, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Cyanazine : 23 1.1 0.94 1.04 77 Diuron : 54 1.1 0.33 0.38 67 Pendimethalin : 26 1.0 0.90 0.90 77 Prometryn : 42 1.4 0.75 1.05 145 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 9 1.1 0.07 0.08 2 Trifluralin : 32 1.1 0.60 0.65 67 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 52 1.6 0.66 1.04 176 Aldicarb : 16 1.0 1.33 1.38 72 Buprofezin : 13 1.0 0.35 0.35 14 Chlorpyrifos : 41 2.5 0.58 1.46 196 Dimethoate : 17 1.0 0.43 0.43 25 Endosulfan : 27 1.7 0.54 0.90 78 Fenpropathrin : 18 1.0 0.18 0.18 11 Lambdacyhalothrin : 22 1.5 0.03 0.04 3 Methomyl : 14 2.1 0.41 0.84 38 Oxamyl : 14 1.1 0.56 0.60 27 Pyriproxyfen : 30 1.0 0.05 0.05 5 : Other Chemicals: : Ethephon : 7 1.0 0.40 0.40 10 Mepiquat chloride : 24 1.0 0.03 0.03 3 Paraquat : 17 1.0 0.15 0.15 8 Sodium chlorate : 32 1.1 3.99 4.29 450 Thidiazuron : 62 1.1 0.40 0.42 86 Tribufos : 14 1.1 0.97 1.09 51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Arizona were 325,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Arkansas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clomazone : 16 1.0 0.50 0.50 75 Cyanazine : 34 1.5 0.56 0.82 267 DSMA : 7 1.4 1.78 2.46 159 Fluometuron : 65 1.1 0.54 0.57 352 Glyphosate : 20 1.5 0.41 0.61 118 MSMA : 48 1.4 1.27 1.73 782 Norflurazon : 50 1.0 0.67 0.69 325 Pendimethalin : 41 1.1 0.62 0.69 267 Prometryn : 22 1.2 0.52 0.65 138 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 68 1.0 0.04 0.04 27 Quizalofop-ethyl : 7 1.4 0.04 0.06 4 Trifluralin : 32 1.0 0.73 0.73 219 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 29 1.1 0.52 0.56 158 Cyfluthrin : 19 1.4 0.03 0.04 7 Dicrotophos : 6 1.6 0.18 0.29 17 Lambdacyhalothrin : 18 1.4 0.03 0.04 7 Methyl parathion : 13 1.6 0.68 1.12 138 Oxamyl : 28 1.6 0.21 0.33 86 Zeta-cypermethrin : 12 1.5 0.03 0.05 6 : Fungicides: : PCNB : 9 1.0 0.84 0.84 70 : Other Chemicals: : Ethephon : 63 1.0 1.00 1.00 598 Mepiquat chloride : 31 1.4 0.02 0.03 8 Thidiazuron : 22 1.0 0.05 0.05 11 Tribufos : 66 1.2 0.67 0.77 488 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Arkansas were 950,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Cyanazine : 22 1.4 1.47 2.07 408 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 4 1.0 0.21 0.21 8 Glyphosate : 12 1.0 0.73 0.73 78 Pendimethalin : 29 1.0 0.80 0.80 202 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 16 1.0 0.07 0.07 10 Trifluralin : 37 1.0 0.71 0.72 236 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 55 1.1 0.007 0.008 4 Aldicarb : 46 1.2 1.12 1.34 540 Amitraz : 12 1.0 0.31 0.31 34 Chlorpyrifos : 40 1.8 0.88 1.63 572 Cyfluthrin : 11 1.0 0.04 0.04 4 Dicofol : 26 1.0 1.13 1.13 255 Imidacloprid : 55 1.5 0.05 0.07 34 Naled : 23 1.1 0.80 0.91 182 Phorate : 15 1.0 0.92 0.92 122 Profenofos : 7 1.0 0.86 0.86 54 Propargite : 9 1.1 1.59 1.68 138 : Other Chemicals: : Ethephon : 43 1.0 1.33 1.33 503 Mepiquat chloride : 46 1.2 0.03 0.04 15 Paraquat : 68 1.0 0.29 0.30 177 Sodium chlorate : 34 1.1 3.45 3.79 1,123 Tribufos : 30 1.0 1.50 1.50 399 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for California were 880,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Georgia, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Cyanazine : 19 1.2 0.76 0.94 261 DSMA : 5 1.0 0.87 0.87 57 Fluometuron : 85 1.6 0.60 0.94 1,153 Glyphosate : 17 1.3 0.66 0.89 212 MSMA : 77 1.4 0.91 1.26 1,399 Norflurazon : 20 1.2 0.87 1.02 293 Pendimethalin : 50 1.1 0.64 0.72 515 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 14 1.0 0.07 0.07 15 Trifluralin : 50 1.0 0.92 0.92 657 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 40 1.0 0.61 0.61 351 Cyfluthrin : 10 2.2 0.04 0.09 12 Cypermethrin : 21 2.9 0.09 0.26 77 Esfenvalerate : 10 2.7 0.03 0.08 12 Lambdacyhalothrin : 42 1.9 0.03 0.06 39 Methomyl : 5 1.4 0.36 0.49 36 Phorate : 6 1.0 0.83 0.83 76 Profenofos : 4 1.7 0.75 1.29 74 Thiodicarb : 8 1.7 0.45 0.77 87 Tralomethrin : 7 2.8 0.02 0.05 5 Zeta-cypermethrin : 8 1.5 0.04 0.06 7 : Other Chemicals: : Dimethipin : 8 1.0 0.28 0.28 33 Ethephon : 43 1.0 1.21 1.21 755 Mepiquat chloride : 48 1.7 0.02 0.04 25 Paraquat : 15 1.0 0.25 0.25 54 Sodium chlorate : 6 1.0 1.21 1.21 113 Thidiazuron : 46 1.0 0.11 0.11 72 Tribufos : 56 1.0 0.68 0.68 543 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Georgia were 1.44 million acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Louisiana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clomazone : 17 1.0 0.59 0.61 67 Cyanazine : 23 2.1 0.71 1.51 218 DSMA : 8 1.0 0.83 0.83 41 Diuron : 28 1.3 0.73 0.95 170 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 8 1.1 0.14 0.16 8 Fluometuron : 75 1.2 0.63 0.75 355 Glyphosate : 12 1.9 0.44 0.85 64 MSMA : 55 2.0 0.81 1.59 553 Metolachlor : 17 1.4 1.29 1.76 190 Norflurazon : 5 1.0 0.55 0.55 16 Pendimethalin : 6 1.0 0.75 0.75 27 Prometryn : 44 2.2 0.86 1.86 520 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 30 1.4 0.03 0.05 9 Trifluralin : 27 1.2 0.41 0.50 85 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 23 3.6 0.29 1.07 154 Aldicarb : 38 1.2 0.55 0.65 153 Cyfluthrin : 22 2.5 0.03 0.09 12 Cypermethrin : 8 2.3 0.14 0.31 15 Deltamethrin : 12 4.1 0.003 0.010 1 Dicrotophos : 16 1.6 0.21 0.33 34 Dimethoate : 4 3.4 0.19 0.64 16 Esfenvalerate : 8 2.8 0.05 0.15 8 Imidacloprid : 7 1.6 0.02 0.04 2 Lambdacyhalothrin : 39 3.1 0.03 0.08 20 Malathion : 4 6.8 0.74 5.02 141 Methyl parathion : 63 4.3 0.56 2.40 955 Oxamyl : 17 1.6 0.25 0.40 42 Profenofos : 12 2.7 0.37 1.02 77 Thiodicarb : 16 2.4 0.15 0.36 37 Zeta-cypermethrin : 7 2.2 0.04 0.09 4 : Fungicides: : Metalaxyl : 9 1.0 0.08 0.08 4 PCNB : 15 1.0 0.82 0.83 80 : Other Chemicals: : Dimethipin : 6 1.0 0.35 0.35 13 Ethephon : 27 1.0 0.57 0.59 101 Mepiquat chloride : 11 3.4 0.01 0.05 3 Paraquat : 11 1.3 0.58 0.77 52 Sodium chlorate : 10 1.0 2.89 2.89 181 Thidiazuron : 36 1.0 0.05 0.06 13 Tribufos : 31 1.0 0.55 0.55 106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Louisiana were 630,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Mississippi, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clethodim : 6 1.0 0.09 0.09 5 Clomazone : 24 1.0 0.43 0.44 102 Cyanazine : 68 1.4 0.60 0.83 558 Diuron : 29 1.0 0.57 0.58 165 Fluometuron : 88 1.2 0.60 0.71 609 Glyphosate : 29 1.3 0.59 0.80 231 Lactofen : 6 1.0 0.16 0.16 10 MSMA : 61 1.6 0.74 1.18 715 Metolachlor : 7 1.0 0.68 0.68 44 Norflurazon : 21 1.0 0.34 0.34 71 Pendimethalin : 24 1.0 0.56 0.56 132 Prometryn : 25 1.2 0.39 0.46 112 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 59 1.4 0.05 0.07 40 Trifluralin : 44 1.0 0.67 0.67 294 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 39 1.7 0.38 0.65 246 Aldicarb : 39 1.0 0.59 0.59 226 Azinphos-methyl : 4 2.1 0.20 0.42 17 Cyfluthrin : 28 1.8 0.03 0.06 16 Cypermethrin : 18 1.4 0.05 0.07 13 Dicrotophos : 40 2.3 0.26 0.58 231 Disulfoton : 10 1.1 0.82 0.86 87 Esfenvalerate : 10 2.2 0.03 0.06 6 Imidacloprid : 9 1.2 0.03 0.03 3 Lambdacyhalothrin : 27 1.9 0.03 0.05 14 Malathion : 34 8.5 0.72 6.09 2,067 Methyl parathion : 63 2.8 0.35 0.98 605 Oxamyl : 28 2.1 0.23 0.47 130 Phorate : 6 1.0 0.89 0.89 52 Profenofos : 19 1.6 0.57 0.90 168 Tralomethrin : 4 1.5 0.02 0.04 1 Zeta-cypermethrin : 10 1.4 0.04 0.06 6 : Fungicides: : Etridiazole : 6 1.0 0.19 0.19 11 Metalaxyl : 19 1.0 0.08 0.08 15 PCNB : 16 1.0 1.56 1.56 251 : Other Chemicals: : Cyclanilide : 3 1.0 0.12 0.12 4 Dimethipin : 2 1.0 0.27 0.27 7 Ethephon : 39 1.1 0.83 0.92 351 Mepiquat chloride : 36 1.8 0.02 0.04 13 Paraquat : 17 1.1 0.43 0.47 77 Sodium chlorate : 21 1.0 1.29 1.29 262 Thidiazuron : 59 1.2 0.10 0.12 69 Tribufos : 65 1.3 0.85 1.08 693 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Mississippi were 985,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Missouri, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clomazone : 17 1.0 0.24 0.24 15 Cyanazine : 34 1.0 0.45 0.45 58 Fluometuron : 83 1.0 0.58 0.60 191 Glyphosate : 18 1.3 0.69 0.90 63 MSMA : 34 1.2 0.60 0.69 90 Norflurazon : 27 1.0 0.52 0.52 53 Pendimethalin : 29 1.1 0.64 0.70 76 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 66 1.0 0.08 0.08 21 Trifluralin : 62 1.0 0.70 0.70 165 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 43 1.0 0.63 0.63 103 Cyfluthrin : 18 1.0 0.04 0.04 3 Disulfoton : 15 1.0 0.42 0.42 25 Oxamyl : 9 1.3 0.13 0.17 6 : Other Chemicals: : Dimethipin : 10 1.0 0.25 0.25 10 Ethephon : 76 1.1 1.10 1.24 356 Mepiquat chloride : 28 1.2 0.03 0.03 3 Paraquat : 10 1.6 0.42 0.66 26 Thidiazuron : 33 1.0 0.18 0.18 23 Tribufos : 57 1.0 0.54 0.55 121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Missouri were 380,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, North Carolina, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clomazone : 10 1.0 0.50 0.50 32 Cyanazine : 19 1.1 0.51 0.55 69 Fluometuron : 81 1.9 0.72 1.36 733 Glyphosate : 22 1.3 0.75 0.99 147 MSMA : 51 1.2 0.91 1.08 369 Metolachlor : 7 1.8 0.45 0.81 36 Pendimethalin : 38 1.0 0.62 0.62 157 Prometryn : 15 1.0 0.78 0.78 81 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 28 1.5 0.03 0.05 9 Sethoxydim : 2 1.0 0.24 0.24 4 Trifluralin : 22 1.0 0.93 0.93 134 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 10 1.0 0.22 0.22 15 Aldicarb : 39 1.0 0.69 0.69 179 Cyfluthrin : 30 1.4 0.03 0.05 9 Disulfoton : 5 1.0 0.51 0.51 17 Lambdacyhalothrin : 41 2.2 0.03 0.06 17 Phorate : 14 1.0 0.86 0.86 79 : Other Chemicals: : Cyclanilide : 4 1.0 0.20 0.20 6 Dimethipin : 5 1.0 0.20 0.20 7 Ethephon : 61 1.0 1.05 1.06 436 Mepiquat chloride : 43 1.4 0.02 0.03 9 Paraquat : 12 1.0 0.39 0.39 32 Thidiazuron : 30 1.0 0.04 0.04 9 Tribufos : 65 1.0 1.01 1.01 439 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for North Carolina were 670,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, South Carolina, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Cyanazine : 34 1.0 0.85 0.85 83 Fluometuron : 84 1.3 0.66 0.89 217 Glyphosate : 11 1.2 0.64 0.75 24 MSMA : 59 1.3 0.95 1.20 205 Pendimethalin : 17 1.0 0.75 0.75 37 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 53 1.2 0.05 0.07 10 Trifluralin : 71 1.0 1.03 1.03 212 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 15 1.3 0.66 0.87 38 Aldicarb : 62 1.0 0.95 0.95 171 Cyfluthrin : 27 3.1 0.02 0.07 6 Esfenvalerate : 11 1.7 0.02 0.04 1 Lambdacyhalothrin : 44 3.0 0.02 0.06 8 : Fungicides: : Metalaxyl : 18 1.0 0.09 0.09 5 : Other Chemicals: : Ethephon : 56 1.0 1.04 1.05 169 Mepiquat chloride : 43 2.0 0.02 0.04 5 Tribufos : 82 1.1 0.99 1.08 257 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for South Carolina were 290,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Tennessee, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clethodim : 6 1.0 0.13 0.13 4 Clomazone : 41 1.0 0.26 0.26 52 Cyanazine : 16 1.1 0.74 0.81 64 DSMA : 12 1.0 1.73 1.73 102 Diuron : 3 1.5 0.59 0.89 11 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 7 1.0 0.10 0.10 4 Fluometuron : 92 1.0 1.07 1.08 488 Glyphosate : 31 1.6 0.64 1.02 157 MSMA : 21 1.2 0.91 1.05 108 Metolachlor : 7 1.0 1.12 1.12 41 Pendimethalin : 33 1.0 0.72 0.72 118 Prometryn : 4 1.0 0.53 0.53 10 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 31 1.0 0.05 0.05 8 Trifluralin : 25 1.3 0.62 0.81 102 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 7 1.1 0.20 0.21 7 Aldicarb : 30 1.0 0.58 0.58 84 Azinphos-methyl : 20 1.4 0.25 0.34 33 Cyfluthrin : 21 1.4 0.03 0.04 4 Dicrotophos : 5 1.3 0.18 0.24 6 Dimethoate : 6 1.2 0.30 0.35 11 Disulfoton : 21 1.0 0.60 0.60 61 Lambdacyhalothrin : 17 2.4 0.02 0.04 3 Malathion : 5 4.4 0.98 4.33 96 Methyl parathion : 11 2.2 0.52 1.13 62 Oxamyl : 26 1.3 0.13 0.17 22 : Fungicides: : Etridiazole : 21 1.0 0.22 0.22 23 Metalaxyl : 7 1.0 0.11 0.11 4 PCNB : 23 1.0 0.85 0.85 96 : Other Chemicals: : Cyclanilide : 5 1.0 0.17 0.17 4 Dimethipin : 2 1.0 0.30 0.30 4 Ethephon : 54 1.1 0.91 1.02 269 Mepiquat chloride : 70 1.3 0.03 0.04 13 Paraquat : 12 1.1 0.33 0.38 22 Sodium chlorate : 5 1.0 0.80 0.80 19 Thidiazuron : 3 1.0 0.05 0.05 1 Tribufos : 58 1.1 0.73 0.78 220 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Tennessee were 490,000 acres. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Texas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Clethodim : 3 1.0 0.13 0.13 19 Diuron : 12 1.0 0.39 0.39 251 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 3 1.0 0.10 0.10 14 Fluometuron : 10 1.1 0.61 0.67 384 Glyphosate : 8 1.1 0.61 0.68 308 MSMA : 5 1.0 1.14 1.14 282 Metolachlor : 4 1.0 1.27 1.27 311 Norflurazon : 8 1.0 0.45 0.45 205 Pendimethalin : 22 1.1 0.61 0.66 806 Prometryn : 23 1.0 0.42 0.42 528 Pyrithiobac-sodium : 7 1.0 0.04 0.04 15 Trifluralin : 74 1.1 0.66 0.76 3,074 : Insecticides: : Acephate : 3 1.4 0.38 0.52 92 Aldicarb : 13 1.0 0.40 0.40 275 Azinphos-methyl : 6 1.9 0.24 0.45 154 Bt (Bacillus thur.)2/: 4 1.5 Carbofuran : 6 1.0 0.26 0.26 86 Cyfluthrin : 7 1.3 0.03 0.04 18 Cypermethrin : 6 1.0 0.06 0.06 20 Dicrotophos : 6 1.3 0.12 0.15 54 Dimethoate : 1 1.1 0.35 0.39 11 Endosulfan : 2 1.9 0.49 0.93 103 Lambdacyhalothrin : 7 1.3 0.03 0.03 12 Malathion : 19 5.2 0.89 4.66 4,807 Methyl parathion : 5 1.7 0.33 0.55 143 Oxamyl : 18 1.6 0.18 0.30 297 Phorate : 6 1.0 0.46 0.47 164 Zeta-cypermethrin : 3 1.0 0.04 0.04 6 : Other Chemicals: : Endothall : 2 1.0 0.03 0.03 4 Ethephon : 17 1.0 0.85 0.87 818 Mepiquat chloride : 10 1.5 0.01 0.02 11 Paraquat : 31 1.1 0.23 0.25 424 Sodium chlorate : 7 1.0 1.33 1.35 482 Thidiazuron : 12 1.1 0.17 0.20 132 Tribufos : 17 1.0 0.57 0.57 517 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Texas were 5.50 million acres. 2/ Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. Fall Season Potatoes Seven major fall producing States were included in the 1997 survey. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied to nearly all of the potato acres in the States surveyed. The number of applications averaged 3.2 times across the field with a total of 223 million pounds applied. Per acre rates averaged 237 pounds for the year. Phosphate was applied to 98 percent of the acres in the surveyed States, and a total of 166 million pounds was applied. The number of applications averaged 1.7 times per year for an average of 180 pounds per acre for the year. Potash was applied to 91 percent of the land. The percent of acres treated varied most for this fertilizer. The coverage ranged from 100 percent in Maine and Wisconsin to 80 percent in North Dakota. About 134 million pounds were applied in total. Per acre application averaged 156 pounds in 1.6 trips across the field. Herbicides were applied to 83 percent of the potato acreage in 1997. Coverage ranged from 98 percent in Wisconsin to 28 percent of the crop receiving herbicides in Minnesota. Metribuzin was the most widely applied active ingredient and was used on 67 percent of the total acreage. EPTC was applied to 31 percent of the acres, and Pendimethalin was applied to 27 percent. Insecticides were applied to 92 percent of the acreage. Usage ranged from treatment on 99 percent of the acres in Washington and Minnesota to 77 percent of the acres in North Dakota. The three most common active ingredients used were Methamidophos, Carbofuran, and Phorate, which were applied to 36, 23, and 23 percent of the potato land, respectively. Fungicide treatments were applied to 98 percent of acreage in the seven States' fall potato crop acreage. Idaho and Wisconsin treated all their acreage, and all seven States had fungicide treatment on 93 percent or more of their acreage. Chlorothalonil was used the most, as it was applied on 88 percent of the land, followed by Mancozeb on 64 percent of the land. Triphenyltin hydroxide, Cymoxanil, Metalaxyl, and Copper hydroxide were used on percentages of the potato land ranging from 31 percent down to 21 percent. Usage of other chemicals, primarily desiccants, varied widely among States, being used on an average of 65 percent of the land. These chemicals were used on 96 percent of the Maine acreage, but only 36 percent of North Dakota's acreage was treated. Diquat was the most commonly used active ingredient in five of the States and was applied to 38 percent of the planted area. The U.S. map that follows shows the number of usable reports, by State, in the 1997 survey. These 7 States accounted for 79 percent of U.S. fall potato acreage covering 943,500 acres. Fall Potatoes: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : ID : 390 100 103.6 97 72.3 88 41.7 ME : 71 100 12.9 100 13.3 100 13.5 MN : 77 96 11.9 99 6.1 97 6.6 ND : 125 100 16.7 96 11.7 80 7.7 OR : 54.5 100 15.1 100 10.8 87 11.1 WA : 148 100 47.9 99 42.6 98 31.6 WI : 78 100 15.0 100 9.5 100 22.2 : Total : 943.5 100 223.1 98 166.3 91 134.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fall Potatoes: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Idaho: : 390 Nitrogen : 100 4.0 66 266 103.6 Phosphate : 97 2.1 91 191 72.3 Potash : 88 1.8 69 121 41.7 : Maine: : 71 Nitrogen : 100 1.2 152 182 12.9 Phosphate : 100 1.0 186 187 13.3 Potash : 100 1.0 185 190 13.5 : Minnesota: : 77 Nitrogen : 96 1.3 125 161 11.9 Phosphate : 99 1.0 76 80 6.1 Potash : 97 1.1 80 88 6.6 : North Dakota: : 125 Nitrogen : 100 3.3 40 134 16.7 Phosphate : 96 1.4 72 98 11.7 Potash : 80 1.3 61 77 7.7 : Oregon: : 54.5 Nitrogen : 100 2.5 111 275 15.1 Phosphate : 100 1.7 119 198 10.8 Potash : 87 1.5 152 233 11.1 : Washington: : 148 Nitrogen : 100 2.5 131 324 47.9 Phosphate : 99 1.7 168 289 42.6 Potash : 98 1.2 180 217 31.6 : Wisconsin: : 78 Nitrogen : 100 4.0 48 192 15.0 Phosphate : 100 1.6 79 122 9.5 Potash : 100 2.9 100 286 22.2 : Total: : 943.5 Nitrogen : 100 3.2 75 237 223.1 Phosphate : 98 1.7 106 180 166.3 Potash : 91 1.6 99 156 134.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fall Potatoes: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :---------------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : : All : ID : ME : MN : ND : OR : WA : WI ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Herbicides : : EPTC : P : P * * P P Glyphosate : P : P * * P Linuron : P : P P * P MCPA : * : * Metolachlor : P : P * P * P * P Metribuzin : P : P P P P P P P Pendimethalin : P : P * P P P P P Rimsulfuron : P : P * * * * * * Sethoxydim : P : * * * * * * Trifluralin : P : P * * P P : : Insecticides : : Aldicarb : P : P P P Azinphos-methyl : P : * P P P * * * Bt (Bacillus thur.) : * : * Carbaryl : P : P P * * * * Carbofuran : P : P P P P P Chlorpyrifos : * : * Diazinon : * : * * * * Dimethoate : P : * * * * P P Disulfoton : P : P * * Endosulfan : P : P * P P * P Esfenvalerate : P : * * * * * P P Ethoprop : P : P * P * * Ethyl parathion : * : * * Fenvalerate : * : * * Fonofos : P : P * * Imidacloprid : P : P P P * P * P Malathion : * : * Methamidophos : P : P P * P P P P Methyl parathion : * : * Oxamyl : * : * Permethrin : P : P * * P P * Phorate : P : P * * P P P Phosmet : * : * * * Piperonyl butoxide : P : P Propargite : P : * P P Pyrethrins : * : * * Rotenone : * : * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Fall Potatoes: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :---------------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : : All : ID : ME : MN : ND : OR : WA : WI ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Fungicides : : Basic copper sulfate : * : * * Captan : * : * Chlorothalonil : P : P P P P P P P Copper ammonium : P : P * * Copper hydroxide : P : P P * * P P P Copper resinate : P : * P Copper sulfate : P : P P Cymoxanil : P : P * * P P P P Dicloran : * : * * Dimethomorph : P : P * * Iprodione : P : P P P Mancozeb : P : P P P P P P P Maneb : P : P P * * * P P Metalaxyl : P : P P P P P P * Metiram : P : * P * * * P * Propamocarb hydroch. : P : P * * * Sulfur : P : * P P * Thiophanate-methyl : * : * Triphenyltin hydrox. : P : P P P * P P P : : Other Chemicals : : 2,4-D : * : * * * Chloropicrin : * : * * Dichloropropene : P : P P P Diquat : P : P P P P P P P Endothall : P : * * * * Maleic hydrazide : P : * P * P * Metam-sodium : P : P P P * Monocarbamide dihyd. : * : * * Paraquat : P : * * P * Sodium chlorate : * : * Sulfuric acid : P : P P * * P ---------------------------------------------------------------------- P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Fall Potatoes: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State: Planted :---------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide 1/: Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : ID : 390 92 962 92 1,057 100 2,233 59 40,356 ME : 71 96 39 97 68 99 641 96 1,609 MN : 77 28 35 99 84 98 816 82 113 ND : 125 63 134 77 161 99 1,232 36 22 OR : 54.5 94 142 85 178 93 346 69 8,306 WA : 148 85 264 99 644 95 1,084 71 9,658 WI : 78 98 70 95 95 100 1,103 87 3,601 : Total: 943.5 83 1,646 92 2,287 98 7,455 65 63,665 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total Applied excludes Bt's (Bacillus thuringiensis). Quantities are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : EPTC : 31 1.0 3.18 3.28 971 Glyphosate : 5 1.0 0.67 0.67 31 Linuron : 2 1.0 0.81 0.81 16 Metolachlor : 8 1.0 1.40 1.40 107 Metribuzin : 67 1.0 0.44 0.46 294 Pendimethalin : 27 1.0 0.80 0.80 200 Rimsulfuron : 13 1.0 0.02 0.02 3 Sethoxydim : 1 1.1 0.23 0.25 1 Trifluralin : 5 1.0 0.47 0.47 23 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 10 1.0 2.79 2.79 255 Azinphos-methyl : 8 1.1 0.48 0.52 39 Carbaryl : 3 1.1 0.95 1.06 31 Carbofuran : 23 1.1 0.86 0.93 198 Dimethoate : 11 1.7 0.43 0.74 78 Disulfoton : 2 1.0 2.44 2.44 52 Endosulfan : 14 1.4 0.70 0.96 124 Esfenvalerate : 11 1.2 0.04 0.04 4 Ethoprop : 5 1.0 4.82 4.86 222 Fonofos : 4 1.0 2.94 2.94 123 Imidacloprid : 17 1.2 0.14 0.16 26 Methamidophos : 36 1.5 0.81 1.20 410 Permethrin : 4 1.3 0.09 0.12 5 Phorate : 23 1.0 2.62 2.66 584 Piperonyl butoxide : 2 1.2 0.33 0.38 7 Propargite : 5 1.1 1.73 1.92 88 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 88 4.7 0.90 4.24 3,516 Copper ammonium : 1 2.1 0.17 0.37 5 Copper hydroxide : 21 1.8 0.59 1.06 209 Copper resinate : 1 2.0 0.09 0.18 2 Copper sulfate : 2 2.2 0.47 1.03 20 Cymoxanil : 27 2.0 0.12 0.24 62 Dimethomorph : 2 2.0 0.18 0.38 8 Iprodione : 8 1.0 0.96 0.98 75 Mancozeb : 64 2.9 1.31 3.80 2,305 Maneb : 15 3.2 1.05 3.34 487 Metalaxyl : 24 1.4 0.19 0.26 60 Metiram : 9 2.2 1.47 3.25 276 Propamocarb hydroch. : 4 1.2 0.87 1.05 36 Sulfur : 4 3.5 1.99 6.94 258 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 31 2.2 0.13 0.28 83 : Other Chemicals: : Dichloropropene : 5 1.0 164.48 164.48 8,073 Diquat : 38 1.4 0.30 0.41 149 Endothall : 2 1.3 0.35 0.46 7 Maleic hydrazide : 3 1.0 1.34 1.34 35 Metam-sodium : 18 1.0 118.63 118.63 20,249 Paraquat : 2 1.3 0.47 0.62 12 Sulfuric acid : 14 1.0 255.34 267.58 34,559 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for the 7 states surveyed were 943,500 acres. States included are ID, ME, MN, ND, OR, WA, and WI. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Idaho, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : EPTC : 50 1.0 3.46 3.57 693 Glyphosate : 3 1.0 0.53 0.53 6 Metolachlor : 9 1.0 1.29 1.29 44 Metribuzin : 75 1.0 0.44 0.45 132 Pendimethalin : 30 1.0 0.65 0.65 76 Rimsulfuron : 16 1.0 0.02 0.02 1 Trifluralin : 6 1.0 0.44 0.45 10 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 11 1.0 2.62 2.62 110 Carbaryl : 5 1.0 0.98 1.02 22 Carbofuran : 17 1.0 1.06 1.06 71 Disulfoton : 4 1.0 3.06 3.06 42 Endosulfan : 13 1.7 0.86 1.47 75 Ethoprop : 5 1.0 4.49 4.49 94 Fonofos : 7 1.0 2.58 2.58 74 Imidacloprid : 8 1.0 0.20 0.21 7 Methamidophos : 26 1.3 0.95 1.25 126 Permethrin : 4 1.1 0.06 0.07 1 Phorate : 41 1.0 2.64 2.69 432 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 85 3.1 0.92 2.89 954 Copper ammonium : 3 1.7 0.16 0.26 3 Copper hydroxide : 24 1.4 0.78 1.12 104 Copper sulfate : 3 1.9 0.52 0.99 13 Cymoxanil : 39 1.7 0.12 0.20 31 Dimethomorph : 3 1.3 0.19 0.25 3 Iprodione : 2 1.0 0.93 0.93 8 Mancozeb : 79 2.6 1.18 3.05 943 Maneb : 16 1.4 1.05 1.46 89 Metalaxyl : 21 1.3 0.19 0.24 20 Propamocarb hydroch. : 7 1.0 0.90 0.91 24 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 33 1.8 0.10 0.18 24 : Other Chemicals: : Dichloropropene : 2 1.0 139.52 139.52 951 Diquat : 16 1.2 0.35 0.43 27 Metam-sodium : 20 1.0 121.92 121.92 9,586 Sulfuric acid : 28 1.0 274.89 277.12 29,749 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Idaho were 390,000 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Maine, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Linuron : 14 1.0 0.67 0.67 6 Metribuzin : 79 1.0 0.49 0.50 28 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 3 1.2 0.39 0.46 1 Carbaryl : 3 1.5 0.77 1.14 3 Imidacloprid : 77 1.2 0.08 0.09 5 Methamidophos : 30 1.8 0.59 1.06 22 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 86 8.7 0.76 6.58 400 Copper hydroxide : 22 1.7 0.40 0.69 11 Mancozeb : 35 4.7 0.99 4.67 116 Maneb : 22 5.5 1.08 5.88 92 Metalaxyl : 20 2.0 0.15 0.30 4 Metiram : 3 7.0 0.94 6.53 16 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 13 2.0 0.09 0.18 2 : Other Chemicals: : Diquat : 95 2.0 0.26 0.52 35 Maleic hydrazide : 6 1.0 1.11 1.11 5 Sulfuric acid : 8 1.0 282.93 282.93 1,568 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Maine were 71,000 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Minnesota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Linuron : 7 1.0 1.22 1.22 6 Metolachlor : 8 1.0 1.93 1.93 11 Metribuzin : 14 1.2 0.66 0.76 8 Pendimethalin : 9 1.0 0.83 0.83 6 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 67 1.1 0.47 0.51 26 Carbofuran : 8 1.2 0.66 0.81 5 Endosulfan : 66 1.1 0.43 0.46 24 Imidacloprid : 20 1.1 0.12 0.13 2 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 87 4.2 0.99 4.19 281 Mancozeb : 80 4.0 1.86 7.45 459 Metalaxyl : 9 1.0 0.25 0.25 2 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 63 1.3 0.30 0.38 18 : Other Chemicals: : Diquat : 82 1.1 0.27 0.30 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Minnesota were 77,000 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, North Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Metribuzin : 53 1.0 0.43 0.43 28 Pendimethalin : 43 1.0 1.22 1.22 66 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 11 1.0 0.49 0.49 7 Carbofuran : 45 1.2 0.48 0.56 31 Endosulfan : 13 1.3 0.68 0.88 14 Methamidophos : 10 3.2 0.66 2.08 26 Phorate : 21 1.0 2.38 2.38 64 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 92 8.9 0.83 7.42 858 Cymoxanil : 13 1.5 0.11 0.17 3 Mancozeb : 49 2.3 1.41 3.29 203 Metalaxyl : 41 1.0 0.20 0.20 10 : Other Chemicals: : Diquat : 34 1.5 0.29 0.45 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for North Dakota were 125,000 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Oregon, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : EPTC : 54 1.0 3.28 3.28 97 Metolachlor : 15 1.0 1.68 1.68 14 Metribuzin : 73 1.1 0.36 0.38 15 Pendimethalin : 30 1.0 0.85 0.85 14 Trifluralin : 3 1.0 0.52 0.52 1 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 14 1.0 2.89 2.89 23 Carbofuran : 48 1.1 0.62 0.68 18 Ethoprop : 9 1.1 4.26 4.59 23 Imidacloprid : 14 1.0 0.27 0.27 2 Methamidophos : 53 1.8 0.80 1.43 41 Permethrin : 17 1.7 0.13 0.22 2 Phorate : 19 1.0 2.45 2.45 26 Propargite : 13 1.5 1.66 2.49 18 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 89 2.1 1.05 2.22 108 Copper hydroxide : 21 1.8 0.48 0.88 10 Cymoxanil : 19 1.1 0.11 0.12 1 Iprodione : 26 1.1 0.96 1.10 15 Mancozeb : 81 2.3 1.37 3.17 140 Metalaxyl : 34 1.5 0.19 0.28 5 Sulfur : 9 2.0 2.11 4.19 21 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 16 2.0 0.11 0.23 2 : Other Chemicals: : Dichloropropene : 50 1.0 170.53 170.53 4,606 Diquat : 44 1.0 0.39 0.39 10 Maleic hydrazide : 6 1.0 1.81 1.81 6 Metam-sodium : 47 1.0 127.03 127.03 3,268 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Oregon were 54,500 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Washington, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : EPTC : 48 1.0 2.38 2.48 175 Metribuzin : 66 1.1 0.46 0.50 49 Pendimethalin : 23 1.0 0.66 0.66 23 Trifluralin : 14 1.0 0.47 0.47 10 : Insecticides: : Aldicarb : 28 1.0 2.95 2.95 122 Carbofuran : 39 1.1 1.15 1.27 73 Dimethoate : 22 2.3 0.47 1.07 35 Esfenvalerate : 14 1.2 0.04 0.05 1 Methamidophos : 78 1.6 0.83 1.34 155 Permethrin : 7 1.2 0.09 0.12 1 Phorate : 14 1.0 2.87 2.87 61 Propargite : 26 1.0 1.75 1.82 69 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 89 2.4 1.04 2.47 325 Copper hydroxide : 18 1.3 0.58 0.76 21 Cymoxanil : 7 1.0 0.12 0.12 1 Iprodione : 37 1.0 0.96 0.96 52 Mancozeb : 36 2.3 1.26 2.93 158 Maneb : 18 3.9 0.85 3.30 89 Metalaxyl : 29 1.7 0.21 0.35 15 Metiram : 38 2.1 1.55 3.31 187 Sulfur : 15 2.5 3.31 8.23 189 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 24 3.3 0.12 0.40 14 : Other Chemicals: : Dichloropropene : 10 1.0 167.36 167.36 2,516 Diquat : 30 1.0 0.29 0.30 13 Metam-sodium : 40 1.0 110.19 110.19 6,597 Paraquat : 8 1.1 0.41 0.47 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Washington were 148,000 acres. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Wisconsin, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Glyphosate : 10 1.0 1.16 1.16 9 Linuron : 7 1.0 0.66 0.66 3 Metolachlor : 6 1.0 1.36 1.36 7 Metribuzin : 93 1.0 0.45 0.47 34 Pendimethalin : 29 1.0 0.72 0.72 16 : Insecticides: : Dimethoate : 59 1.6 0.39 0.64 30 Endosulfan : 13 1.3 0.79 1.05 10 Esfenvalerate : 59 1.2 0.04 0.05 2 Imidacloprid : 47 1.1 0.21 0.22 8 Methamidophos : 22 1.0 1.00 1.00 17 Piperonyl butoxide : 23 1.2 0.33 0.38 7 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 97 7.9 0.98 7.80 591 Copper hydroxide : 41 3.8 0.44 1.65 52 Copper resinate : 13 1.9 0.10 0.20 2 Copper sulfate : 9 2.7 0.41 1.09 8 Cymoxanil : 23 2.1 0.12 0.25 5 Mancozeb : 67 4.4 1.26 5.52 287 Maneb : 21 3.7 1.05 3.86 62 Triphenyltin hydrox. : 47 2.2 0.10 0.23 8 : Other Chemicals: : Diquat : 72 1.5 0.31 0.46 26 Sulfuric acid : 18 1.4 142.00 195.27 2,770 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Wisconsin were 78,000 acres. Soybeans Soybean producers in the nineteen States surveyed applied nitrogen fertilizer to 20 percent of the area planted to soybeans. The percent of acres treated ranged from 6 percent in Arkansas to 63 percent in Michigan. The average number of nitrogen applications per acre was 1.1, with an average application rate of 23 pounds per acre. Phosphate was applied on 28 percent of the soybean planted acreage in the surveyed States. Producers in North Carolina applied phosphate to 67 percent of the soybean acreage, while Kansas applications covered only 18 percent of the planted acreage. Potash was applied to 33 percent of the planted soybean acreage. An average of 97 percent of the soybean acreage was treated with herbicides in the nineteen States surveyed. The most widely used herbicides were Imazethapyr, applied to 38 percent of the soybean acres, followed by glyphosate and Pendimethalin applied to 28 and 25 percent of the acreage, respectively. Growers in the surveyed States applied insecticide to only 2 percent of the total soybean acres planted. With the exception of insecticide applications in Louisiana and North Carolina, there were too few reports to publish individual state data for the insecticides. Growers reported few fungicide or other chemical applications. The U.S. map shows the number of usable reports by States included in the 1997 survey. The surveyed States represent 66.2 million acres of soybeans which was 93 percent of the soybeans planted in the U.S. in 1997. The bar chart shows the 5 most commonly applied active ingredients in 1997 with comparisons for the previous two years. Soybeans: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : AR : 3,600 6 9.3 29 60.8 30 71.4 DE : 225 37 1.5 38 3.8 29 5.7 IL : 10,000 11 12.6 23 160.3 34 352.5 IN : 5,450 16 40.8 22 65.2 36 213.0 IA : 10,500 16 30.4 23 129.3 25 205.4 KS : 2,450 20 12.1 18 14.8 15 18.9 KY : 1,300 32 22.7 42 36.9 41 59.4 LA : 1,400 13 5.8 23 13.8 23 21.3 MI : 1,900 63 21.3 49 49.9 71 100.9 MN : 6,800 16 15.2 20 55.6 22 141.5 MS : 2,100 16 5.4 23 25.5 26 48.4 MO : 4,900 15 17.2 28 60.4 35 136.2 NE : 3,500 31 19.5 31 45.9 16 11.3 NC : 1,400 52 46.7 67 36.8 77 103.3 OH : 4,500 16 11.9 26 56.8 60 308.4 PA : 370 53 3.4 55 8.7 59 19.5 SD : 3,500 35 43.3 34 42.2 18 14.5 TN : 1,320 29 7.4 48 33.1 52 52.6 WI : 1,000 53 8.2 54 11.7 69 56.0 : Total : 66,215 20 334.7 28 911.5 33 1,940.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soybeans: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Arkansas: : 3,600 Nitrogen : 6 1.2 38 47 9.3 Phosphate : 29 1.1 53 58 60.8 Potash : 30 1.1 60 66 71.4 : Delaware: : 225 Nitrogen : 37 1.0 18 19 1.5 Phosphate : 38 1.0 44 45 3.8 Potash : 29 1.0 85 86 5.7 : Illinois: : 10,000 Nitrogen : 11 1.0 11 11 12.6 Phosphate : 23 1.0 71 71 160.3 Potash : 34 1.0 103 103 352.5 : Indiana: : 5,450 Nitrogen : 16 1.2 39 48 40.8 Phosphate : 22 1.0 52 54 65.2 Potash : 36 1.1 100 108 213.0 : Iowa: : 10,500 Nitrogen : 16 1.0 18 18 30.4 Phosphate : 23 1.0 53 53 129.3 Potash : 25 1.0 76 80 205.4 : Kansas: : 2,450 Nitrogen : 20 1.1 22 24 12.1 Phosphate : 18 1.0 33 33 14.8 Potash : 15 1.1 48 53 18.9 : Kentucky: : 1,300 Nitrogen : 32 1.1 50 55 22.7 Phosphate : 42 1.0 68 68 36.9 Potash : 41 1.0 112 112 59.4 : Louisiana: : 1,400 Nitrogen : 13 1.1 29 31 5.8 Phosphate : 23 1.0 43 43 13.8 Potash : 23 1.0 63 65 21.3 : Michigan: : 1,900 Nitrogen : 63 1.0 18 18 21.3 Phosphate : 49 1.0 54 54 49.9 Potash : 71 1.1 71 75 100.9 : Minnesota: : 6,800 Nitrogen : 16 1.0 14 14 15.2 Phosphate : 20 1.0 41 41 55.6 Potash : 22 1.0 93 93 141.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Soybeans: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Mississippi: : 2,100 Nitrogen : 16 1.0 16 16 5.4 Phosphate : 23 1.0 53 53 25.5 Potash : 26 1.0 88 88 48.4 : Missouri: : 4,900 Nitrogen : 15 1.0 24 24 17.2 Phosphate : 28 1.0 44 44 60.4 Potash : 35 1.1 72 80 136.2 : Nebraska: : 3,500 Nitrogen : 31 1.1 16 18 19.5 Phosphate : 31 1.0 40 42 45.9 Potash : 16 1.0 20 21 11.3 : North Carolina:: 1,400 Nitrogen : 52 1.4 45 64 46.7 Phosphate : 67 1.0 39 39 36.8 Potash : 77 1.1 86 95 103.3 : Ohio: : 4,500 Nitrogen : 16 1.0 15 16 11.9 Phosphate : 26 1.0 49 49 56.8 Potash : 60 1.0 113 114 308.4 : Pennsylvania: : 370 Nitrogen : 53 1.3 14 17 3.4 Phosphate : 55 1.3 34 43 8.7 Potash : 59 1.2 71 89 19.5 : South Dakota: : 3,500 Nitrogen : 35 1.2 29 36 43.3 Phosphate : 34 1.0 36 36 42.2 Potash : 18 1.0 23 23 14.5 : Tennessee: : 1,320 Nitrogen : 29 1.0 19 19 7.4 Phosphate : 48 1.0 51 52 33.1 Potash : 52 1.0 74 77 52.6 : Wisconsin: : 1,000 Nitrogen : 53 1.1 14 16 8.2 Phosphate : 54 1.0 22 22 11.7 Potash : 69 1.0 82 82 56.0 : Total: : 66,215 Nitrogen : 20 1.1 23 25 334.7 Phosphate : 28 1.0 49 50 911.5 Potash : 33 1.0 85 88 1,940.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soybeans: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :-------------------------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : : : : All : AR : DE : IL : IN : IA : KS : KY : LA : MI -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Herbicides : : 2,4-D : P : * P P P P P * * * 2,4-DB : P : * * * * * * * Acifluorfen : P : P P P P P P P P P Alachlor : P : * P * * P P * * * Atrazine : * : Bentazon : P : P * P * P P P P * Chlorimuron-ethyl : P : P P P P P P P P P Clethodim : P : P * P * P * * P Clomazone : P : * P P P P * P * Clopyralid : * : Dimethenamid : P : * * * Diuron : * : * Ethalfluralin : P : Fenoxaprop : P : * P P P * P * * Fluazifop-P-butyl : P : P * P P P * P P * Flumetsulam : P : P * P P P * * * P Flumiclorac Pentyl : P : P P P * Fomesafen : P : P P P P P * P P * Glyphosate : P : P P P P P P P P P Imazaquin : P : P P P P P P P P P Imazethapyr : P : P P P P P P P Lactofen : P : * P P P P * * Linuron : P : P * * * P Metolachlor : P : P P P P P P P P P Metribuzin : P : P P P P P P P P P Oxyfluorfen : * : * Paraquat : P : * P P P P P * Pendimethalin : P : P P P P P P P P P Quizalofop-ethyl : P : * P * * * * P P Sethoxydim : P : P * P P P * P P Sulfosate : P : * * * * Thifensulfuron : P : * P P P * * P Tribenuron-methyl : * : * Trifluralin : P : P P P * P P P P * Vernolate : * : : : Insecticides : : Acephate : * : Bt (Bacillus thur.) : * : Carbaryl : * : Carbofuran : * : * Chlorpyrifos : * : * * * Diflubenzuron : * : * Dimethoate : * : * * Esfenvalerate : * : * Lambdacyhalothrin : P : * * P Malathion : * : * Methomyl : * : * * Methyl parathion : P : * P Permethrin : * : * Thiodicarb : P : P : : Fungicides : : Benomyl : * : * : : Other Chemicals : : Sodium chlorate : * : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Soybeans: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :--------------------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : : : : : : : : : : : MN : MS : MO : NE : NC : OH : PA : SD : TN : WI --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Herbicides : 2,4-D : P * P * P * P * * 2,4-DB : * * * * Acifluorfen : P P P P P * P P * Alachlor : P * * P * P P * Atrazine : * Bentazon : P P P P P P P P * Chlorimuron-ethyl : * P P P P P P P P * Clethodim : * P P P P * P P * Clomazone : P P * P * P * P * Clopyralid : * Dimethenamid : P * P * * * Diuron : Ethalfluralin : * * Fenoxaprop : P * P P P P P * Fluazifop-P-butyl : P P P P P P P P * Flumetsulam : P P * P P P P * P P Flumiclorac Pentyl : * * * * * * Fomesafen : * P P * P P * * P * Glyphosate : P P P P P P P P P P Imazaquin : * P P P P P P * P Imazethapyr : P P P * P P P * P Lactofen : P * P * * P P * * Linuron : * * P P P Metolachlor : P P * P P P P * P P Metribuzin : P P P P P P P * P * Oxyfluorfen : Paraquat : P * P * P P Pendimethalin : P P P P P P P P P P Quizalofop-ethyl : P * P P * P P P * Sethoxydim : P P P P * P * P P * Sulfosate : * Thifensulfuron : P P P * P * P P Tribenuron-methyl : * Trifluralin : P P P P * * P P * Vernolate : * : Insecticides : Acephate : * Bt (Bacillus thur.) : * Carbaryl : * * * Carbofuran : Chlorpyrifos : * Diflubenzuron : * Dimethoate : Esfenvalerate : * * * Lambdacyhalothrin : P * Malathion : Methomyl : * Methyl parathion : * P * * Permethrin : * Thiodicarb : * * : Fungicides : Benomyl : : Other Chemicals : Sodium chlorate : * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Soybeans: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide 1/: Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : AR 2/ : 3,600 97 5,019 DE 2/ : 225 78 314 IL 2/ : 10,000 98 11,136 IN : 5,450 99 7,062 IA : 10,500 99 13,691 KS 2/ : 2,450 94 2,947 KY 2/ : 1,300 91 1,460 LA 2/ : 1,400 90 1,843 29 331 MI : 1,900 98 2,452 MN 2/ : 6,800 96 6,902 MS 2/ : 2,100 98 2,453 MO : 4,900 94 5,521 NE 2/ : 3,500 99 4,093 NC : 1,400 98 1,625 35 130 OH 2/ : 4,500 99 5,307 PA : 370 86 661 SD 2/ : 3,500 90 3,059 TN 2/ : 1,320 100 1,664 WI : 1,000 100 998 : Tot.2/: 66,215 97 78,207 2 731 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total applied excludes Bt's (Bacillus thuringiensis). Quantities are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 2/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the pesticide classes. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 8 1.1 0.37 0.39 2,109 2,4-DB : 1 1.0 0.09 0.09 54 Acifluorfen : 12 1.0 0.20 0.21 1,690 Alachlor : 3 1.0 2.36 2.36 4,500 Bentazon : 11 1.0 0.63 0.65 4,737 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 13 1.1 0.02 0.02 184 Clethodim : 4 1.1 0.10 0.10 298 Clomazone : 5 1.0 0.71 0.71 2,316 Dimethenamid : 1 1.0 1.02 1.02 519 Ethalfluralin : * 1.0 0.79 0.79 64 Fenoxaprop : 6 1.0 0.13 0.13 514 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 7 1.0 0.06 0.06 307 Flumetsulam : 4 1.0 0.05 0.05 120 Flumiclorac Pentyl : 1 1.0 0.03 0.03 19 Fomesafen : 6 1.0 0.20 0.21 861 Glyphosate : 28 1.3 0.61 0.81 14,915 Imazaquin : 13 1.1 0.08 0.09 751 Imazethapyr : 38 1.0 0.05 0.05 1,237 Lactofen : 4 1.0 0.10 0.10 277 Linuron : 1 1.0 0.46 0.46 207 Metolachlor : 7 1.1 1.76 1.87 8,907 Metribuzin : 10 1.0 0.24 0.25 1,690 Paraquat : 2 1.0 0.53 0.54 612 Pendimethalin : 25 1.1 0.95 1.06 17,531 Quizalofop-ethyl : 4 1.1 0.04 0.05 126 Sethoxydim : 7 1.0 0.21 0.21 1,029 Sulfosate : 1 1.0 0.75 0.75 323 Thifensulfuron : 9 1.0 0.003 0.003 15 Trifluralin : 21 1.0 0.87 0.88 12,270 : Insecticides: : Lambdacyhalothrin : * 1.0 0.02 0.02 5 Methyl parathion : 1 1.4 0.50 0.71 293 Thiodicarb : * 1.0 0.36 0.37 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for the 19 states surveyed were 66.2 million acres. States included are AR, DE, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NC, OH, PA, SD, TN, and WI. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Arkansas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 37 1.2 0.24 0.28 375 Bentazon : 27 1.1 0.48 0.52 514 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 12 1.0 0.03 0.03 14 Clethodim : 7 1.6 0.10 0.15 41 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.09 0.09 19 Flumetsulam : 3 1.0 0.05 0.05 5 Fomesafen : 8 1.0 0.25 0.26 76 Glyphosate : 49 1.6 0.62 1.01 1,782 Imazaquin : 20 1.1 0.05 0.06 40 Metolachlor : 12 1.0 1.66 1.66 734 Metribuzin : 10 1.0 0.25 0.25 84 Pendimethalin : 13 1.0 1.11 1.12 508 Sethoxydim : 5 1.0 0.28 0.29 55 Trifluralin : 16 1.0 0.94 0.95 533 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Arkansas were 3.60 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Delaware, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 5 1.0 0.21 0.21 2 Acifluorfen : 4 1.0 0.33 0.33 3 Alachlor : 5 1.0 1.85 1.85 22 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 31 1.0 0.03 0.03 2 Clomazone : 6 1.0 0.40 0.40 6 Fomesafen : 2 1.0 0.37 0.37 1 Glyphosate : 12 1.0 0.96 0.99 26 Imazaquin : 14 1.0 0.10 0.10 3 Imazethapyr : 8 1.0 0.04 0.04 1 Linuron : 8 1.0 0.52 0.52 9 Metolachlor : 37 1.2 1.82 2.11 175 Metribuzin : 30 1.0 0.19 0.19 13 Paraquat : 20 1.0 0.45 0.47 21 Pendimethalin : 8 1.0 0.76 0.76 14 Trifluralin : 7 1.0 0.62 0.62 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Delaware were 225,000 acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Illinois, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.0 0.40 0.40 350 Acifluorfen : 10 1.0 0.13 0.13 139 Bentazon : 13 1.0 0.72 0.74 931 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 15 1.1 0.02 0.02 37 Clethodim : 5 1.0 0.09 0.09 47 Clomazone : 3 1.0 0.73 0.73 219 Fenoxaprop : 3 1.0 0.12 0.12 35 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 4 1.0 0.05 0.05 19 Flumetsulam : 2 1.0 0.07 0.07 12 Flumiclorac Pentyl : 2 1.0 0.04 0.04 6 Fomesafen : 8 1.0 0.23 0.24 180 Glyphosate : 22 1.0 0.65 0.66 1,416 Imazaquin : 14 1.0 0.08 0.08 112 Imazethapyr : 47 1.0 0.06 0.06 284 Lactofen : 4 1.0 0.10 0.10 40 Metolachlor : 4 1.4 1.74 2.51 891 Metribuzin : 13 1.0 0.19 0.19 240 Paraquat : 4 1.0 0.63 0.63 281 Pendimethalin : 31 1.1 1.15 1.20 3,760 Quizalofop-ethyl : 1 1.3 0.05 0.06 7 Sethoxydim : 11 1.0 0.19 0.19 204 Thifensulfuron : 10 1.0 0.002 0.002 2 Trifluralin : 16 1.0 0.95 0.95 1,556 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Illinois were 10.0 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Indiana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 30 1.0 0.42 0.42 685 Acifluorfen : 2 1.0 0.10 0.10 13 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 14 1.1 0.02 0.02 14 Clomazone : 8 1.0 0.56 0.56 257 Fenoxaprop : 14 1.0 0.14 0.14 104 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 15 1.0 0.04 0.04 38 Flumetsulam : 3 1.0 0.06 0.06 8 Fomesafen : 16 1.0 0.20 0.20 175 Glyphosate : 49 1.2 0.72 0.87 2,332 Imazaquin : 20 1.0 0.11 0.11 119 Imazethapyr : 33 1.0 0.06 0.06 110 Lactofen : 5 1.0 0.07 0.07 18 Metolachlor : 3 1.1 1.94 2.18 402 Metribuzin : 9 1.1 0.17 0.19 87 Paraquat : 4 1.0 0.46 0.46 90 Pendimethalin : 33 1.1 0.98 1.06 1,898 Sethoxydim : 7 1.0 0.14 0.14 56 Thifensulfuron : 16 1.0 0.003 0.003 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Indiana were 5.45 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Iowa, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 4 1.0 0.47 0.47 182 Acifluorfen : 6 1.0 0.17 0.17 112 Alachlor : 7 1.0 2.58 2.58 1,843 Bentazon : 10 1.0 0.73 0.73 734 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 6 1.0 0.007 0.007 4 Clethodim : 6 1.0 0.08 0.08 46 Clomazone : 5 1.0 0.78 0.78 392 Fenoxaprop : 12 1.0 0.12 0.12 150 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 12 1.0 0.04 0.04 49 Flumetsulam : 2 1.2 0.07 0.08 13 Flumiclorac Pentyl : 3 1.0 0.03 0.03 8 Fomesafen : 3 1.0 0.10 0.10 30 Glyphosate : 14 1.2 0.53 0.62 934 Imazaquin : 4 1.0 0.06 0.06 27 Imazethapyr : 62 1.0 0.04 0.04 280 Lactofen : 9 1.0 0.11 0.11 108 Metolachlor : 2 1.1 2.49 2.79 724 Metribuzin : 1 1.0 0.24 0.24 36 Pendimethalin : 36 1.2 0.96 1.16 4,413 Sethoxydim : 9 1.1 0.22 0.24 218 Thifensulfuron : 8 1.0 0.002 0.002 2 Trifluralin : 36 1.0 0.88 0.89 3,370 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Iowa were 10.5 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Kansas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 7 1.0 0.32 0.32 52 Acifluorfen : 17 1.0 0.17 0.17 72 Alachlor : 1 1.0 1.62 1.62 58 Bentazon : 14 1.0 0.69 0.69 230 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 11 1.2 0.02 0.02 6 Flumiclorac Pentyl : 2 1.0 0.02 0.02 1 Glyphosate : 22 1.4 0.61 0.86 466 Imazaquin : 28 1.1 0.10 0.10 71 Imazethapyr : 14 1.0 0.05 0.05 18 Lactofen : 3 1.0 0.10 0.10 8 Metolachlor : 8 1.0 1.52 1.52 288 Metribuzin : 22 1.0 0.40 0.40 214 Pendimethalin : 34 1.0 0.88 0.88 744 Trifluralin : 26 1.1 0.87 0.92 588 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Kansas were 2.45 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Kentucky, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 14 1.0 0.24 0.24 44 Bentazon : 13 1.0 0.61 0.61 103 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 7 1.0 0.04 0.04 3 Fenoxaprop : 24 1.0 0.20 0.20 63 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 27 1.1 0.10 0.11 38 Fomesafen : 28 1.0 0.23 0.23 86 Glyphosate : 40 1.2 0.72 0.87 448 Imazaquin : 13 1.0 0.09 0.09 16 Imazethapyr : 12 1.0 0.06 0.06 9 Metolachlor : 13 1.0 1.90 1.90 321 Metribuzin : 6 1.0 0.24 0.24 19 Paraquat : 6 1.0 0.52 0.52 38 Pendimethalin : 11 1.1 0.77 0.84 121 Sethoxydim : 8 1.0 0.28 0.28 29 Trifluralin : 5 1.1 0.89 0.98 59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Kentucky were 1.30 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Louisiana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 25 1.1 0.20 0.21 76 Bentazon : 12 1.1 0.44 0.46 78 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 10 1.3 0.02 0.02 3 Clethodim : 3 1.0 0.14 0.14 5 Clomazone : 17 1.0 0.68 0.68 161 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 7 1.1 0.08 0.09 9 Fomesafen : 11 1.0 0.25 0.25 38 Glyphosate : 37 2.0 0.72 1.40 726 Imazaquin : 25 1.1 0.06 0.06 21 Metolachlor : 15 1.0 1.86 1.86 382 Metribuzin : 20 1.0 0.20 0.20 57 Paraquat : 7 1.1 0.49 0.51 49 Pendimethalin : 8 1.1 0.56 0.61 64 Quizalofop-ethyl : 6 1.0 0.05 0.05 4 Sethoxydim : 8 1.0 0.22 0.22 26 Trifluralin : 7 1.0 1.02 1.02 101 : Insecticides: : Lambdacyhalothrin : 3 1.0 0.02 0.02 1 Methyl parathion : 24 1.5 0.51 0.77 254 Thiodicarb : 5 1.2 0.40 0.46 34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Louisiana were 1.40 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Michigan, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 13 1.0 0.17 0.17 41 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 24 1.0 0.02 0.02 10 Flumetsulam : 12 1.0 0.06 0.06 13 Glyphosate : 33 1.1 0.80 0.86 533 Imazaquin : 12 1.0 0.07 0.07 16 Imazethapyr : 39 1.0 0.05 0.05 35 Linuron : 13 1.0 0.42 0.42 103 Metolachlor : 20 1.0 1.97 1.97 752 Metribuzin : 25 1.0 0.18 0.18 86 Pendimethalin : 16 1.0 0.92 0.92 277 Quizalofop-ethyl : 25 1.0 0.05 0.05 26 Thifensulfuron : 10 1.0 0.003 0.003 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Michigan were 1.90 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Minnesota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 7 1.0 0.21 0.21 96 Acifluorfen : 8 1.0 0.25 0.25 136 Alachlor : 4 1.0 2.73 2.73 679 Bentazon : 11 1.1 0.72 0.78 578 Clomazone : 9 1.0 0.82 0.82 477 Fenoxaprop : 3 1.0 0.16 0.16 34 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.09 0.09 35 Flumetsulam : 4 1.0 0.05 0.05 16 Glyphosate : 6 1.3 0.64 0.86 356 Imazethapyr : 71 1.0 0.04 0.04 209 Lactofen : 6 1.0 0.10 0.10 38 Metolachlor : 5 1.0 2.04 2.04 670 Metribuzin : 2 1.0 0.35 0.35 52 Pendimethalin : 15 1.1 1.06 1.20 1,195 Quizalofop-ethyl : 4 1.2 0.05 0.06 14 Sethoxydim : 10 1.0 0.13 0.13 92 Thifensulfuron : 13 1.0 0.003 0.003 3 Trifluralin : 37 1.0 0.84 0.84 2,098 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Minnesota were 6.80 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Mississippi, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 30 1.1 0.25 0.27 171 Bentazon : 12 1.1 0.56 0.61 154 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 29 1.0 0.02 0.02 13 Clethodim : 9 1.0 0.20 0.20 36 Clomazone : 3 1.0 0.73 0.73 41 Dimethenamid : 3 1.0 0.84 0.84 44 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.10 0.11 13 Flumetsulam : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 5 Fomesafen : 4 1.0 0.24 0.24 21 Glyphosate : 53 1.6 0.53 0.86 952 Imazaquin : 21 1.2 0.08 0.10 46 Metolachlor : 18 1.0 0.48 0.48 179 Metribuzin : 16 1.0 0.28 0.28 97 Paraquat : 4 1.0 0.47 0.47 39 Pendimethalin : 14 1.0 0.85 0.86 251 Sethoxydim : 6 1.1 0.32 0.36 46 Trifluralin : 18 1.0 0.78 0.78 295 : Insecticides: : Methyl parathion : 2 1.1 0.37 0.39 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Mississippi were 2.10 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Missouri, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 13 1.5 0.22 0.33 206 Acifluorfen : 15 1.0 0.19 0.19 139 Bentazon : 9 1.0 0.57 0.57 261 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 13 1.2 0.02 0.03 16 Clethodim : 3 1.0 0.14 0.14 18 Fenoxaprop : 3 1.0 0.13 0.13 17 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 3 1.0 0.05 0.05 7 Fomesafen : 3 1.0 0.25 0.25 41 Glyphosate : 22 1.2 0.77 0.91 999 Imazaquin : 33 1.2 0.08 0.10 165 Imazethapyr : 22 1.3 0.06 0.08 85 Lactofen : 4 1.1 0.08 0.09 19 Metribuzin : 14 1.0 0.27 0.27 187 Pendimethalin : 32 1.3 0.89 1.12 1,772 Quizalofop-ethyl : 7 1.0 0.05 0.05 15 Sethoxydim : 3 1.0 0.15 0.15 19 Thifensulfuron : 4 1.0 0.006 0.006 1 Trifluralin : 26 1.0 0.94 0.94 1,176 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Missouri were 4.90 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Nebraska, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 10 1.0 0.20 0.20 70 Alachlor : 10 1.0 2.10 2.10 754 Bentazon : 5 1.0 0.83 0.83 152 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 21 1.0 0.01 0.01 9 Clethodim : 3 1.0 0.09 0.09 11 Clomazone : 7 1.0 0.58 0.58 138 Fenoxaprop : 3 1.0 0.11 0.11 12 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.04 0.04 9 Flumetsulam : 6 1.0 0.05 0.05 9 Glyphosate : 26 1.4 0.59 0.85 773 Imazaquin : 11 1.0 0.07 0.07 27 Imazethapyr : 38 1.0 0.05 0.05 69 Metolachlor : 5 1.0 1.83 1.83 289 Metribuzin : 8 1.0 0.22 0.22 59 Pendimethalin : 26 1.0 0.89 0.91 815 Quizalofop-ethyl : 4 1.0 0.05 0.05 7 Sethoxydim : 11 1.0 0.25 0.25 100 Thifensulfuron : 13 1.0 0.003 0.003 2 Trifluralin : 28 1.0 0.74 0.74 729 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Nebraska were 3.50 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, North Carolina, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 29 1.0 0.27 0.27 108 Bentazon : 13 1.0 0.76 0.76 134 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 20 1.1 0.02 0.02 6 Dimethenamid : 7 1.0 0.97 0.98 91 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 5 1.0 0.20 0.20 14 Flumetsulam : 5 1.0 0.05 0.05 4 Fomesafen : 5 1.0 0.42 0.42 30 Glyphosate : 50 1.1 0.68 0.73 516 Imazaquin : 16 1.1 0.09 0.10 22 Metolachlor : 9 1.2 1.88 2.19 287 Metribuzin : 5 1.0 0.27 0.27 20 Paraquat : 4 1.0 0.58 0.58 32 Pendimethalin : 25 1.0 0.59 0.59 210 : Insecticides: : Lambdacyhalothrin : 9 1.0 0.02 0.02 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for North Carolina were 1.40 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Ohio, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 9 1.0 0.44 0.44 184 Alachlor : 2 1.0 2.18 2.18 213 Bentazon : 7 1.0 0.46 0.46 141 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 32 1.0 0.02 0.02 33 Clethodim : 2 1.0 0.09 0.09 10 Clomazone : 9 1.0 0.65 0.66 275 Fenoxaprop : 5 1.0 0.14 0.14 33 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.07 0.07 19 Flumetsulam : 1 1.0 0.06 0.06 3 Fomesafen : 5 1.0 0.19 0.19 47 Glyphosate : 53 1.6 0.42 0.68 1,620 Imazaquin : 8 1.0 0.12 0.12 43 Imazethapyr : 9 1.0 0.02 0.02 10 Lactofen : 2 1.0 0.05 0.05 5 Linuron : 1 1.0 0.59 0.59 32 Metolachlor : 18 1.0 1.91 1.91 1,579 Metribuzin : 28 1.0 0.25 0.25 311 Pendimethalin : 12 1.1 0.68 0.78 404 Quizalofop-ethyl : 10 1.0 0.04 0.04 18 Sethoxydim : 2 1.0 0.26 0.26 24 Thifensulfuron : 8 1.0 0.002 0.002 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Ohio were 4.50 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Pennsylvania, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Alachlor : 7 1.0 1.32 1.32 32 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 40 1.4 0.04 0.05 7 Flumetsulam : 8 1.1 0.04 0.04 1 Glyphosate : 10 1.0 0.58 0.58 22 Imazaquin : 10 1.0 0.09 0.09 3 Imazethapyr : 6 1.0 0.05 0.05 1 Linuron : 8 1.0 0.51 0.51 16 Metolachlor : 50 1.3 1.85 2.43 446 Metribuzin : 43 1.3 0.28 0.37 59 Paraquat : 6 1.2 0.28 0.33 8 Pendimethalin : 18 1.0 0.77 0.77 51 Quizalofop-ethyl : 12 1.0 0.06 0.06 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Pennsylvania were 370,000 acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, South Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 6 1.0 0.34 0.34 65 Acifluorfen : 15 1.0 0.18 0.18 94 Bentazon : 14 1.0 0.65 0.65 312 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 5 1.0 0.005 0.005 1 Clethodim : 11 1.0 0.05 0.05 20 Fenoxaprop : 5 1.0 0.08 0.08 15 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 6 1.0 0.03 0.03 6 Glyphosate : 23 1.0 0.52 0.54 438 Imazethapyr : 65 1.0 0.04 0.04 90 Lactofen : 4 1.0 0.07 0.07 11 Pendimethalin : 26 1.1 0.71 0.79 719 Quizalofop-ethyl : 5 1.3 0.04 0.05 8 Sethoxydim : 4 1.0 0.20 0.20 30 Thifensulfuron : 13 1.0 0.002 0.002 1 Trifluralin : 31 1.0 1.00 1.01 1,090 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for South Dakota were 3.50 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Tennessee, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Acifluorfen : 34 1.0 0.19 0.19 88 Bentazon : 28 1.0 0.47 0.47 174 Chlorimuron-ethyl : 22 1.1 0.01 0.02 5 Clethodim : 12 1.1 0.10 0.12 20 Clomazone : 3 1.0 0.91 0.91 37 Fenoxaprop : 10 1.0 0.09 0.09 12 Fluazifop-P-butyl : 17 1.3 0.08 0.11 25 Flumetsulam : 3 1.0 0.04 0.04 2 Fomesafen : 15 1.0 0.29 0.29 56 Glyphosate : 42 1.3 0.71 0.89 498 Imazaquin : 21 1.0 0.06 0.06 16 Metolachlor : 17 1.0 1.48 1.48 324 Metribuzin : 13 1.0 0.31 0.31 53 Paraquat : 4 1.0 0.44 0.44 26 Pendimethalin : 8 1.0 0.71 0.72 78 Sethoxydim : 6 1.0 0.44 0.44 36 Trifluralin : 20 1.0 0.74 0.74 193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Tennessee were 1.32 million acres. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Wisconsin, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Flumetsulam : 33 1.0 0.05 0.05 17 Glyphosate : 7 1.6 0.65 1.07 79 Imazethapyr : 57 1.0 0.05 0.05 30 Linuron : 1 1.0 0.59 0.59 8 Metolachlor : 17 1.0 1.73 1.73 294 Pendimethalin : 21 1.1 0.99 1.12 240 Thifensulfuron : 30 1.0 0.002 0.002 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Wisconsin were 1.00 million acres. Winter Wheat Nitrogen fertilizer was applied to 84 percent of the 1997 harvested area in the surveyed States; Colorado was the only State treating less than 75 percent of the grain area. Phosphate fertilizers were applied to 53 percent of the collective acreage, ranging from just 15 percent in Oregon to 92 percent in Ohio. All surveyed States treated at least a portion of the acreage with herbicides; 2,4-D was again the most prevalent in terms of area and total application. All Spring Wheat North Dakota Durum planted acres primary nutrient coverage increased for both nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. Percent coverage applications of these two fertilizers to other spring wheat acres were 92 and 82 percent, respectively. The three most popular herbicides in terms of all spring wheat area covered were 2,4-D, MCPA, and Fenoxaprop, in that order. Dicamba was the third most used in 1997. Winter Wheat: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Harvested :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : CO 1/ : 2,850 68 69.0 39 18.7 ID : 870 98 105.4 62 19.4 11 4.3 IL : 1,150 91 103.8 69 62.1 77 86.9 KS : 11,000 78 509.0 56 186.8 8 19.5 MO : 1,040 92 98.2 81 45.4 70 49.4 MT : 1,450 95 64.5 78 31.4 23 4.3 NE 1/ : 1,900 92 94.6 74 47.8 OH : 1,090 100 93.1 92 63.7 98 87.6 OK : 5,400 90 317.5 47 83.6 7 6.4 OR 1/ : 840 100 75.3 15 4.7 PA : 175 81 7.3 60 5.2 59 5.2 SD 1/ : 1,050 78 38.7 58 15.3 TX : 4,100 78 267.2 36 49.1 16 10.8 WA : 2,150 98 145.4 34 16.5 12 7.6 : Total : 35,065 84 1,989.0 53 649.7 15 282.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the fertilizer primary nutrients. Winter Wheat: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary :Harvested: Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Colorado: : 2,850 Nitrogen : 68 1.3 27 36 69.0 Phosphate : 39 1.1 16 17 18.7 Potash 1/ : : Idaho: : 870 Nitrogen : 98 2.0 63 124 105.4 Phosphate : 62 1.0 34 36 19.4 Potash : 11 1.0 44 44 4.3 : Illinois: : 1,150 Nitrogen : 91 1.4 69 100 103.8 Phosphate : 69 1.0 75 78 62.1 Potash : 77 1.0 98 98 86.9 : Kansas: : 11,000 Nitrogen : 78 1.5 39 59 509.0 Phosphate : 56 1.0 30 30 186.8 Potash : 8 1.0 22 22 19.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Winter Wheat: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed and Total, 1997 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary :Harvested: Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres : Missouri: : 1,040 Nitrogen : 92 1.5 67 102 98.2 Phosphate : 81 1.0 53 54 45.4 Potash : 70 1.1 63 68 49.4 : Montana: : 1,450 Nitrogen : 95 1.4 32 47 64.5 Phosphate : 78 1.1 26 28 31.4 Potash : 23 1.0 13 13 4.3 : Nebraska: : 1,900 Nitrogen : 92 1.6 35 54 94.6 Phosphate : 74 1.0 34 34 47.8 Potash 1/ : : Ohio: : 1,090 Nitrogen : 100 1.8 46 85 93.1 Phosphate : 92 1.0 62 63 63.7 Potash : 98 1.0 82 82 87.6 : Oklahoma: : 5,400 Nitrogen : 90 1.6 40 65 317.5 Phosphate : 47 1.0 32 33 83.6 Potash : 7 1.0 18 18 6.4 : Oregon: : 840 Nitrogen : 100 1.5 60 90 75.3 Phosphate : 15 1.0 37 37 4.7 Potash 1/ : : Pennsylvania: : 175 Nitrogen : 81 1.3 40 51 7.3 Phosphate : 60 1.1 45 50 5.2 Potash : 59 1.1 45 50 5.2 : South Dakota: : 1,050 Nitrogen : 78 1.3 36 47 38.7 Phosphate : 58 1.0 25 25 15.3 Potash 1/ : : Texas: : 4,100 Nitrogen : 78 1.4 61 84 267.2 Phosphate : 36 1.0 32 33 49.1 Potash : 16 1.0 16 17 10.8 : Washington: : 2,150 Nitrogen : 98 1.4 48 69 145.4 Phosphate : 34 1.0 22 23 16.5 Potash : 12 1.0 29 29 7.6 : Total: : 35,065 Nitrogen : 84 1.5 44 67 1,989.0 Phosphate : 53 1.0 34 35 649.7 Potash : 15 1.0 51 52 282.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the fertilizer primary nutrients. Winter Wheat: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :---------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : Active Ingredient : All : CO : ID : IL : KS : MO : MT : NE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Herbicides : : 2,4-D : P : P P * P P P P Atrazine : * : * * Bromoxynil : P : P * P Chlorsulfuron : P : * P * * Clopyralid : * : * * Cyanazine : * : * Dicamba : P : P * P P * Diclofop-methyl : P : * * Difenzoquat : P : P * Diuron : P : Fenoxaprop : P : * * Glyphosate : P : P * P P * Imazamethabenz : P : P * MCPA : P : * P * P Metolachlor : * : Metribuzin : P : * Metsulfuron-methyl : P : P * P P P Paraquat : * : * Picloram : * : * * Prosulfuron : * : Thifensulfuron : P : * P P * P * * Triallate : P : * P Triasulfuron : P : P P P P Tribenuron-methyl : P : * P P * P P * Trifluralin : * : * : : Insecticides : : Carbaryl : * : Chlorpyrifos : P : * Dimethoate : P : * Disulfoton : * : * Malathion : * : Methomyl : * : Methyl parathion : P : : : Fungicides : : Benomyl : * : Propiconazole : P : Thiophanate-methyl : * : Triadimefon : * : ---------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Winter Wheat: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :----------------------------------- : : : : : : : Active Ingredient : OH : OK : OR : PA : SD : TX : WA ----------------------------------------------------------- : Herbicides : 2,4-D : * P P * P P P Atrazine : Bromoxynil : * P * * P Chlorsulfuron : P P * P P Clopyralid : * Cyanazine : Dicamba : * * P P * P Diclofop-methyl : P * Difenzoquat : * * Diuron : P Fenoxaprop : Glyphosate : * * P * P * P Imazamethabenz : * * * MCPA : * P P P Metolachlor : * Metribuzin : P * Metsulfuron-methyl : P P P P * Paraquat : * * Picloram : Prosulfuron : * * Thifensulfuron : * * P P P * P Triallate : * * Triasulfuron : P * * * * Tribenuron-methyl : * * P P P * P Trifluralin : * : Insecticides : Carbaryl : * Chlorpyrifos : * Dimethoate : P * P * Disulfoton : * Malathion : * * Methomyl : * Methyl parathion : P * * : Fungicides : Benomyl : * * Propiconazole : P * * P Thiophanate-methyl : * * Triadimefon : * ----------------------------------------------------------- P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Winter Wheat: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State :Harvested:--------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide 1/: Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : CO : 2,850 64 803 13 321 ID : 870 98 631 IL : 1,150 40 16 KS : 11,000 31 819 MO : 1,040 33 67 MT 2/ : 1,450 88 1,089 NE : 1,900 53 189 OH : 1,090 20 56 OK : 5,400 38 435 13 234 OR 2/ : 840 100 516 24 87 PA 2/ : 175 21 8 SD : 1,050 89 383 TX 2/ : 4,100 24 181 18 351 WA 2/ : 2,150 98 1,584 1 4 : Tot. : 35,065 46 6,777 5 919 1 94 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total applied excludes Bt's (Bacillus thuringiensis). Quantities are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 2/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the pesticide classes. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 24 1.0 0.41 0.42 3,486 Bromoxynil : 4 1.0 0.24 0.25 353 Chlorsulfuron : 11 1.0 0.01 0.01 44 Dicamba : 6 1.1 0.10 0.11 237 Diclofop-methyl : 1 1.0 0.81 0.81 177 Difenzoquat : * 1.0 0.52 0.52 78 Diuron : * 1.0 1.35 1.35 45 Fenoxaprop : 1 1.0 0.05 0.05 10 Glyphosate : 6 1.2 0.36 0.45 978 Imazamethabenz : 1 1.0 0.33 0.33 67 MCPA : 5 1.0 0.30 0.30 488 Metribuzin : 2 1.1 0.27 0.29 193 Metsulfuron-methyl : 14 1.0 0.003 0.003 15 Thifensulfuron : 7 1.0 0.01 0.01 34 Triallate : 1 1.0 1.09 1.09 418 Triasulfuron : 5 1.0 0.01 0.01 26 Tribenuron-methyl : 8 1.0 0.007 0.007 20 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 2 1.3 0.43 0.55 289 Dimethoate : 3 1.0 0.31 0.31 311 Methyl parathion : 2 1.1 0.38 0.40 228 : Fungicides: : Propiconazole : 1 1.1 0.21 0.23 46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for the 14 states surveyed were 35.1 million acres. States included are CO, ID, IL, KS, MO, MT, NE, OH, OK, OR, PA, SD, TX, and WA. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Colorado, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 57 1.0 0.30 0.30 487 Dicamba : 4 1.0 0.08 0.08 9 Glyphosate : 16 1.1 0.41 0.46 202 Metsulfuron-methyl : 14 1.0 0.004 0.004 2 Triasulfuron : 27 1.0 0.01 0.01 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Colorado were 2.85 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Idaho, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 32 1.0 0.27 0.27 75 Bromoxynil : 59 1.0 0.26 0.26 135 Difenzoquat : 11 1.0 0.49 0.49 47 Imazamethabenz : 10 1.0 0.30 0.30 26 MCPA : 61 1.0 0.31 0.31 162 Thifensulfuron : 64 1.0 0.01 0.01 6 Tribenuron-methyl : 67 1.0 0.006 0.006 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Idaho were 870,000 acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Illinois, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Thifensulfuron : 39 1.0 0.02 0.02 8 Tribenuron-methyl : 39 1.0 0.008 0.008 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Illinois were 1.15 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Kansas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 11 1.0 0.49 0.49 601 Chlorsulfuron : 15 1.0 0.01 0.01 20 Dicamba : 6 1.0 0.10 0.10 64 Glyphosate : 3 1.0 0.32 0.32 109 Metsulfuron-methyl : 10 1.0 0.002 0.002 2 Triasulfuron : 3 1.0 0.02 0.02 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Kansas were 11.0 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Missouri, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 21 1.0 0.28 0.28 61 Thifensulfuron : 27 1.0 0.02 0.02 4 Tribenuron-methyl : 27 1.0 0.008 0.008 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Missouri were 1.04 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Montana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 72 1.0 0.38 0.39 404 Bromoxynil : 4 1.0 0.19 0.19 11 Dicamba : 38 1.3 0.11 0.14 74 Glyphosate : 35 1.6 0.31 0.50 251 MCPA : 15 1.0 0.20 0.20 45 Metsulfuron-methyl : 29 1.0 0.004 0.004 2 Triallate : 11 1.0 1.38 1.38 219 Triasulfuron : 8 1.0 0.01 0.01 1 Tribenuron-methyl : 10 1.0 0.006 0.006 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Montana were 1.45 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Nebraska, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 29 1.0 0.32 0.32 177 Metsulfuron-methyl : 24 1.0 0.004 0.004 2 Triasulfuron : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Nebraska were 1.90 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Oklahoma, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 14 1.0 0.41 0.41 317 Chlorsulfuron : 23 1.0 0.01 0.01 13 Metsulfuron-methyl : 20 1.0 0.002 0.002 2 Triasulfuron : 2 1.0 0.01 0.01 1 : Insecticides: : Dimethoate : 7 1.0 0.19 0.19 76 Methyl parathion : 5 1.1 0.34 0.39 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Oklahoma were 5.40 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Oregon, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 52 1.0 0.31 0.31 137 Bromoxynil : 4 1.0 0.31 0.32 11 Chlorsulfuron : 28 1.0 0.01 0.01 3 Dicamba : 39 1.0 0.04 0.04 12 Diclofop-methyl : 4 1.0 0.80 0.80 26 Diuron : 4 1.0 1.35 1.35 45 Glyphosate : 18 1.0 0.26 0.26 38 MCPA : 14 1.0 0.46 0.46 54 Metribuzin : 58 1.1 0.22 0.24 116 Metsulfuron-methyl : 49 1.0 0.003 0.003 1 Thifensulfuron : 14 1.0 0.01 0.01 1 Tribenuron-methyl : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 2 : Fungicides: : Propiconazole : 16 1.0 0.30 0.30 39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Oregon were 840,000 acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Pennsylvania, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Thifensulfuron : 14 1.0 0.02 0.02 * Tribenuron-methyl : 14 1.0 0.008 0.008 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Total applied was less than 1,000 pounds. 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Pennsylvania were 175,000 acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, South Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 63 1.0 0.34 0.34 225 Dicamba : 15 1.5 0.16 0.23 36 Glyphosate : 16 1.2 0.46 0.56 93 MCPA : 12 1.0 0.12 0.12 15 Metsulfuron-methyl : 21 1.0 0.004 0.004 1 Thifensulfuron : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 2 Tribenuron-methyl : 17 1.0 0.007 0.007 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for South Dakota were 1.05 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Texas, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 10 1.0 0.37 0.37 143 Chlorsulfuron : 4 1.0 0.01 0.01 2 Metsulfuron-methyl : 9 1.0 0.006 0.006 2 : Insecticides: : Dimethoate : 10 1.0 0.35 0.35 146 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Texas were 4.10 million acres. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Washington, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 52 1.0 0.73 0.75 834 Bromoxynil : 28 1.0 0.25 0.25 153 Chlorsulfuron : 17 1.0 0.01 0.01 5 Dicamba : 5 1.0 0.05 0.05 6 Glyphosate : 17 1.4 0.34 0.46 170 MCPA : 25 1.0 0.27 0.27 144 Thifensulfuron : 24 1.0 0.01 0.01 6 Tribenuron-methyl : 25 1.0 0.006 0.006 3 : Fungicides: : Propiconazole : 1 1.0 0.15 0.15 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested acres in 1997 for Washington were 2.15 million acres. Durum and Other Spring Wheat: Fertilizer Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of Acres Treated and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Nitrogen : Phosphate : Potash -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Mil. Percent Mil. Percent Mil. : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs : Durum : ND : 2,700 95 170.9 77 48.7 8 4.1 : Other : Spring : MN : 2,450 98 209.1 91 77.4 73 73.9 MT : 4,350 79 153.5 66 68.2 15 10.2 ND : 8,800 99 621.8 92 248.3 24 43.8 SD 1/ : 2,500 90 140.2 70 61.6 : Total : 18,100 92 1,124.6 82 455.5 25 127.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the fertilizer primary nutrients. Durum and Other Spring Wheat: Fertilizer Primary Nutrient Applications, States Surveyed by Type and Total Other Spring, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Primary : Planted : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Nutrient : Acreage : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent Number Pounds per Acre Mil. Lbs : Acres Durum : North Dakota:: 2,700 Nitrogen : 95 1.7 38 66 170.9 Phosphate : 77 1.0 24 24 48.7 Potash : 8 1.0 20 20 4.1 : Other Spring : Minnesota: : 2,450 Nitrogen : 98 1.7 52 87 209.1 Phosphate : 91 1.0 35 35 77.4 Potash : 73 1.0 42 42 73.9 : Montana: : 4,350 Nitrogen : 79 1.6 28 45 153.5 Phosphate : 66 1.0 23 24 68.2 Potash : 15 1.0 16 16 10.2 : North Dakota:: 8,800 Nitrogen : 99 1.8 40 72 621.8 Phosphate : 92 1.0 31 31 248.3 Potash : 24 1.0 20 20 43.8 : South Dakota:: 2,500 Nitrogen : 90 1.5 42 62 140.2 Phosphate : 70 1.0 35 35 61.6 Potash 1/ : : Total: : 18,100 Nitrogen : 92 1.7 40 67 1,124.6 Phosphate : 82 1.0 30 31 455.5 Potash : 25 1.0 28 28 127.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum and Other Spring Wheat: Active Ingredients Applied and Publication Status By States Surveyed, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------- : States Surveyed :------------------------------------- Active Ingredient : Durum : Other Spring Wheat :------------------------------------- : ND : All : MN : MT : ND : SD ------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Herbicides : : : 2,4-D : P : P : P P P P Bromoxynil : P : P : P P P P Chlorsulfuron : : * : * Clopyralid : * : P : * * * * Dicamba : P : P : * P P P Difenzoquat : : * : * Fenoxaprop : P : P : P P P P Glyphosate : P : P : * P P * Imazamethabenz : : P : * * * MCPA : P : P : P P P P Metsulfuron-methyl : * : P : P P Picloram : : P : * * * Prosulfuron : : * : * * Thifensulfuron : : P : P * P P Triallate : P : P : P * Triasulfuron : : P : P * Tribenuron-methyl : P : P : P P P P Trifluralin : P : P : * P * : : : Insecticides : : : Carbofuran : * : * : * Chlorpyrifos : * : : Dimethoate : : * : * Lambdacyhalothrin : * : * : * * Methyl parathion : * : * : * * : : : Fungicides : : : Benomyl : * : : Mancozeb : * : * : * * ------------------------------------------------------------- P Usage data are published for this active ingredient. * Usage data are not published for this active ingredient. Durum and Other Spring Wheat: Pesticide Use by State, 1997 Percent of Acres Treated and Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area Receiving and Total Applied State : Planted :-------------------------------------------------------------- : Acreage : Herbicide : Insecticide : Fungicide : Other Chemical -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 Percent 1,000 : Acres Lbs Lbs Lbs Lbs : Durum : ND 1/: 2,700 93 2,221 2 12 : Spring : MN 1/: 2,450 94 1,434 MT 1/: 4,350 94 3,254 ND 1/: 8,800 88 4,583 SD : 2,500 86 886 Tot.1/: 18,100 90 10,157 1 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Insufficient reports to publish data for one or more of the pesticide classes. Durum Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, North Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 39 1.0 0.42 0.43 448 Bromoxynil : 7 1.0 0.20 0.20 39 Dicamba : 23 1.1 0.08 0.09 53 Fenoxaprop : 16 1.0 0.06 0.06 24 Glyphosate : 16 1.0 0.47 0.47 207 MCPA : 46 1.0 0.30 0.31 382 Triallate : 19 1.0 0.98 0.98 507 Tribenuron-methyl : 30 1.0 0.009 0.009 7 Trifluralin : 52 1.0 0.39 0.39 550 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for North Dakota were 2.70 million acres. Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 61 1.0 0.31 0.31 3,443 Bromoxynil : 8 1.0 0.24 0.24 367 Clopyralid : 4 1.0 0.08 0.08 50 Dicamba : 27 1.0 0.07 0.07 332 Fenoxaprop : 30 1.0 0.07 0.07 402 Glyphosate : 10 1.1 0.26 0.28 522 Imazamethabenz : 2 1.0 0.32 0.32 120 MCPA : 42 1.0 0.36 0.37 2,809 Metsulfuron-methyl : 6 1.0 0.004 0.004 4 Picloram : 6 1.0 0.02 0.02 18 Thifensulfuron : 10 1.0 0.01 0.01 19 Triallate : 8 1.0 1.12 1.12 1,589 Triasulfuron : 2 1.0 0.008 0.008 3 Tribenuron-methyl : 20 1.0 0.007 0.007 27 Trifluralin : 6 1.0 0.39 0.39 448 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for the 4 states surveyed were 18.1 million acres. States included are MN, MT, ND, and SD. Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Minnesota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 55 1.1 0.27 0.30 407 Bromoxynil : 7 1.0 0.43 0.43 69 Fenoxaprop : 58 1.0 0.10 0.10 143 MCPA : 69 1.0 0.44 0.46 769 Thifensulfuron : 40 1.0 0.009 0.009 9 Tribenuron-methyl : 41 1.0 0.005 0.005 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Minnesota were 2.45 million acres. Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Montana, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 83 1.0 0.34 0.34 1,239 Bromoxynil : 9 1.0 0.25 0.25 92 Dicamba : 31 1.1 0.09 0.10 131 Fenoxaprop : 8 1.1 0.07 0.08 29 Glyphosate : 23 1.1 0.24 0.27 272 MCPA : 17 1.0 0.30 0.32 237 Metsulfuron-methyl : 21 1.0 0.004 0.004 3 Triallate : 23 1.0 1.18 1.18 1,156 Triasulfuron : 9 1.0 0.008 0.008 3 Tribenuron-methyl : 14 1.0 0.01 0.01 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for Montana were 4.35 million acres. Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, North Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 53 1.0 0.28 0.28 1,306 Bromoxynil : 10 1.0 0.21 0.21 182 Dicamba : 33 1.0 0.06 0.06 165 Fenoxaprop : 38 1.0 0.06 0.06 215 Glyphosate : 5 1.0 0.37 0.37 157 MCPA : 52 1.0 0.35 0.36 1,631 Thifensulfuron : 5 1.0 0.01 0.01 5 Tribenuron-methyl : 20 1.0 0.008 0.008 14 Trifluralin : 12 1.0 0.38 0.38 410 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for North Dakota were 8.80 million acres. Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, South Dakota, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : 2,4-D : 56 1.0 0.35 0.35 492 Bromoxynil : 4 1.0 0.24 0.24 23 Dicamba : 24 1.0 0.06 0.06 34 Fenoxaprop : 13 1.0 0.05 0.05 16 MCPA : 23 1.0 0.30 0.30 172 Metsulfuron-methyl : 10 1.0 0.004 0.004 1 Thifensulfuron : 13 1.0 0.01 0.01 4 Tribenuron-methyl : 13 1.0 0.006 0.006 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 1997 for South Dakota were 2.50 million acres. Survey Procedures: Large screening samples were drawn from the NASS List Sampling Frame. This extensive sampling frame covers all types of farms and accounts for about 82% of all land in farms in the U.S. The screening samples were selected in such a way as to insure that all farms on the list had a possibility of being selected. Farms that were more likely to be producers of crops of interest were more likely to be in the screening sample. The sampled farms were screened to determine the presence of all the crops of interest. From this subpopulation of operations identified as producing the crop of interest, a subsample of farms was selected in such a way as to insure that each identified producer had an opportunity to be selected. In general, larger farms were more likely to be selected than smaller farms. Once a farm producing a particular crop of interest was selected, one field containing this crop was randomly selected from all the fields on the farm producing that crop. The operator of the sampled field was personally interviewed to obtain information on chemical applications made to the selected field. Estimation Procedures: The chemical applications data, reported by product name or trade name are reviewed within state and across states for reasonableness and consistency. This review compares reported data with manufacturer's recommendations and with data from other farm operators using the same product. Following this review, product information are converted to an active ingredient level. The chemical usage estimates in this publication consist of survey estimates of those active ingredients. Estimates of the total amount of active ingredient applied are based on the acreage estimates published in the annual NASS report "Crop Production - 1997 Summary" [Cr Pr 2-1(98)] for corn, soybeans, wheat, and potatoes. The estimates of cotton acreage were revised and published in the monthly NASS report "Crop Production" [Cr Pr 2-2(5-98)] released on May 12, 1998. The estimates for total amount applied will not be revised even if there are subsequent revisions to acreage for a given crop. Detailed data within a table may not multiply across or add down due to independent rounding of the published values. Reliability: The probability nature of the survey provides expansion of data so that the estimates are statistically representative of chemical use on the targeted crops in the surveyed States. The reliability of these survey results are affected by sampling variability and non-sampling errors. The sampling variability, expressed as a percentage of the estimate, is referred to as the coefficient of variation (cv). Non-sampling errors are errors that occur during a survey process, and unlike sampling variability, are difficult to measure. They may be caused by interviewers failing to follow instructions, poorly worded questions, non- response, problematic survey procedures, or data handling between collection and publication. In these surveys, all survey procedures and analysis were carried out in a consistent and orderly manner to minimize the occurrence of these types of errors. Variability for estimates of acres treated will be higher than the variability for estimates of application rates. This is because application rates have a narrower range of responses, are recommended by the manufacturer of the product, and are generally followed. Sampling variability of the estimates differed considerably by chemical and crop. In general, the more often the chemical was applied, the smaller the sampling variability. For example, estimates of use of a commonly used product, such as Atrazine, will exhibit less variability than a more rarely used product. For more commonly used chemicals, cv's will range from 1-20 percent at the U.S. level and 5-75 percent at the State level. Some rarer items will have cv's above 100 percent. These items have insufficient data for publication and these instances are noted. Terms and Definitions Active ingredient: The active ingredient is the specific chemical which kills or controls the target pests. Usage data are reported by pesticide product and are converted to an amount of active ingredient. A single method of conversion has been chosen for active ingredients having more than one way of being converted. For example in this report, copper compounds are expressed in their metallic copper equivalent, and others such as 2,4-D and glyphosate are expressed in their acid equivalent. Agricultural chemicals: The phrase agricultural chemicals refers to the active ingredients in fertilizers and pesticides. Application Rates: The application rates refer to the average number of pounds of a fertilizer primary nutrient or pesticide active ingredient applied to an acre of land. Rate per acre is the average number of pounds applied in one application. Rate per crop year is the average number of pounds applied counting multiple applications. Number of applications is the average number of times a treated acre receives a specific agricultural chemical. Area applied: The area that represents the percentage of crop acres receiving one or more applications of a specific agricultural chemical. This report does not contain acre treatments. However, acre treatments can be calculated by multiplying the acres planted by the percent of area applied and the average number of applications. Common name: The common name is an officially recognized name for an active ingredient. This report shows active ingredient by common name. Crop year: A crop year refers to the period immediately following harvest for the previous crop through harvest of the current crop. Fertilizer: The term fertilizer refers to applications of the primary nutrients, nitrogen, phosphate, and potash. Pesticides: As defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), pesticides include any substance or mixture of sub- stances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest, and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. The four classes of pesticides presented in this report and the pests targeted are: herbicides - weeds, insecticides - insects, fungicides - fungi, and other chemicals - other forms of life. Miticides and nematicides are included as insecticides while soil fumigants, growth regulators, defoliants, and desiccants are included as other chemicals. This report excludes pesticides used for seed treatments, for spot treatments, and for postharvest applications to the commodity. Trade name: A trademark name given to a specific formulation of a pesticide product. A formulation contains a specific concentration of the active ingredient, carrier materials, and other ingredients such as emulsifiers and wetting agents. Some formulations as in the case of pre-mixes, can contain more than one active ingredient. Trade Name, Common Name, and Pesticide Class The following is a list of the common name, associated class and trade name of active ingredients in this publication. The classes are herbicides (H), insecticides (I), fungicides (F), and other chemicals (O). This list is provided as an aid in reviewing pesticide data. Pre-mixes are not cataloged. The list is not complete for all pesticides used on field crops and NASS does not mean to imply the use of any specific trade name. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Common Name : Trade Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- H 2,4-D several H 2,4-DB Butoxone, Butyrac I abamectin Agri-Mek, Zephyr, Avid I acephate Orthene, Payload H acetochlor Harness, Surpass H acifluorfen Blazer, Tackle H alachlor Lasso I aldicarb Temik H ametryn Evik I amitraz Ovasyn H atrazine AAtrex I azadirachtin Align, Neemix, Margosan-O I azinphos-methyl Guthion F basic copper sulfate copper sulfate F benomyl Benlate H bensulide Prefar H bentazon Basagran, Pledge I bifenthrin Capture H bromoxynil Buctril, Brominal I Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) several I buprofezin Applaud H butylate Genate, Sutan O cacodylic acid Bolls-Eye, Cotton-Aide F captan Captan I carbaryl Sevin, Savit I carbofuran Furadan F carboxin Vitavax H chloramben Amiben I chlorethoxyfos Fortress I chlorfenapyr Alert, Pirate H chlorimuron-ethyl Classic O chloropicrin several F chlorothalonil Bravo I chlorpyrifos Lorsban, Dursban H chlorsulfuron Glean H clethodim Select H clomazone Command H clopyralid Stinger F copper ammonium carbonate Copper-Count-N F copper hydroxide several F copper oxychloride sulfate C-O-C-S F copper resinate Tenn-Cop F copper sulfate copper sulfate I cryolite Kryocide H cyanazine Bladex O cyclanilide Finish I cyfluthrin Baythroid F cymoxanil Curzate -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Common Name : Trade Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I cypermethrin Ammo, Cymbush O cytokinins Triggrr, Burst, Promalin I deltamethrin Decis I diazinon several H dicamba Banvel O dichloropropene Telone H diclofop-methyl Hoelon F dicloran Botran, Allison I dicofol Kelthane I dicrotophos Bidrin H difenzoquat Avenge H diflubenzuron Dimilin H dimethenamid Frontier O dimethipin Harvade I dimethoate several F dimethomorph Acrobat H,O diquat diquat I disulfoton Di-Syston H diuron Karmex, Direx H DSMA DSMA I endosulfan Thiodan O endothall Des-I-Cate, Accelerate H EPTC Eptam, Eradicane, Genep I esfenvalerate Asana H ethalfluralin Sonalan, Curbit O ethephon Ethrel, Prep, Cerone I ethoprop Mocap I ethyl parathion several F etridiazole Terraclor Super X O fatty alcohols several I fenamiphos Nemacur I fenbutatin-oxide Vendex H fenoxaprop-ethyl and p-ethyl Whip, Option I fenpropathrin Danitol I fenvalerate several H fluazifop-P-butyl Fusilade H flumetralin Prime+ H flumetsulam Broadstrike H flumiclorac pentyl Resource H fluometuron Cotoran, Meturon H fomesafen Reflex I fonofos Dyfonate O gibberellic acid ProGibb, ProVide, GibGro, Prom O gossyplure NoMate, Stirrup H glyphosate Roundup, Ranger, Rattler, Rodeo H halosulfuron Permit O hexadecadienyl acetate NoMate, Stirrup, Checkmate H hexazinone Velpar O IBA PGR IV H imazamethabenz Assert H imazapyr Arsenal H imazaquin Scepter H imazethapyr Pursuit I imidacloprid Admire F iprodione Rovral H isopropalin Paarlan H lactofen Cobra -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Common Name : Trade Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I lambdacyhalothrin Karate H linuron Lorox, Linex I malathion several O maleic hydrazide Royal MH-30, Super Sprout Stop F mancozeb several F maneb several H MCPA several O mepiquat chloride Pix, Ponnax F metalaxyl Ridomil O metam-sodium Vapam I methamidophos Monitor H methazole Probe I methidathion Supracide I methomyl Lannate I methyl parathion several F metiram Polyram H metolachlor Dual H metribuzin Sencor, Lexone H metsulfuron-methyl Ally O monocarbamide dihydrogen sulfate Enquik H MSMA several I naled Dibrom H napropamide Devrinol H naptalam Alanap I neem oil, hydrophobic extract Trilogy H nicosulfuron Accent H norflurazon Solicam, Evital, Zorial I nosema locustae Semaspore I oxamyl Vydate I oxydemeton-methyl Metasystox-R H oxyfluorfen Goal H,O paraquat Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire F PCNB Terraclor H pebulate Tillam H pendimethalin Prowl I permethrin Ambush, Pounce I phorate Thimet I phosmet Imidan I phosphamidon phosphamidon H picloram Tordon I piperonyl butoxide Butacide, PBO-8, Incite H primisulfuron Beacon I profenofos Curacron H prometryn Caparol, Cotton-Pro H propachlor Ramrod F propamocarb hydrochloride Tattoo H propanil Stam I propargite Comite, Omite F propiconazole Tilt, Banner, Orbit H prosulfuron Peak I pyrethrins Buhach, Firmotox H pyridate Tough I pyriproxyfen Knack H pyrithiobac-sodium Staple H quizalofop-ethyl Assure H rimsulfuron Basis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Common Name : Trade Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I rotenone rotenone H sethoxydim Poast H simazine Princep O sodium chlorate several H,O sulfcarbamide Enquik H sulfosate Touchdown I sulfur several O sulfuric acid sulfuric acid I sulprofos Bolstar I tebufenozide Confirm I tebupirimphos Aztec H tebuthiuron Spike I tefluthrin Force I terbufos Counter H terbutryn Igran O thidiazuron Dropp H thifensulfuron methyl Pinnacle I thiodicarb Larvin F thiophanate-methyl Topsin I tralomethrin Scout F triadimefon Bayleton H triallate Far-Go H triasulfuron Amber H tribenuron-methyl Express O tribufos Def, Folex I trichlorfon Dylox, Proxol H triclopyr Rely H trifluralin Treflan, Trilin, Trific I trimethacarb Broot F triphenyltin hydroxide several H vernolate Vernam I zeta-cypermethrin Fury, Mustang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index Page Narrative Table Corn ................................................ 3 5 Cotton, Upland ...................................... 16 18 Estimation Procedures ............................... 90 Highlights .......................................... 2 Overview ............................................ 1 Potatoes, Fall ...................................... 39 41 Reliability ......................................... 90 Report Features ..................................... 97 Soybeans ............................................ 53 55 Survey Procedures .................................... 90 Terms and Definitions ................................ 91 Trade Names, Common Names, and Classes ............... 92 Wheat, Durum ......................................... 71 85 Wheat, Other Spring .................................. 71 85 Wheat, Winter ........................................ 71 73 Report Features Released May 20, 1998 by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Chemical Usage" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. The next "Agricultural Chemical Usage" report will be released July 21, 1998. This report will cover agricultural chemical use for the 1997 crop year for fruits and nuts in major states. The next "Agricultural Chemical Usage" report for field crops will be released in May 1999. This report will cover agricultural chemical use for the 1998 crop year for major states. Listed below are persons within the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Glenn Strasburg, Environmental Statistician (202) 720-7492 Jim Ewing, Environmental Statistician (202) 690-2284 C. Ray Halley, Chief, Crops Branch (202) 720-2127 Bill Dowdy, Head, Field Crops Section (202) 720-3843 Vince Matthews, Head, Fruits, Vegetable and Special Crops Section (202) 720-3843 Listed below is the contact within the Economic Research Service for additional information. Robert Reinsel, Data and Survey Coordinator Resource Economic Division (202) 694-5506 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, , write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. 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