HDR1012000170161218961500AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL USAGE National December 1996 Agricultural Statistics Service Economic Research Service Washington, D.C. Ag Ch 1 (96) Agricultural Chemical Usage 1995 Restricted Use Pesticides Summary Overview This publication, Restricted Use Pesticides Summary, is issued annually by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The report contains, for selected crops, a summary of the kinds and quantities of chemicals that are restricted use pesticides (RUP) at the federal level. All labeled uses are not restricted on an active ingredient. In some cases only certain formulations, concentrations, or uses are restricted. Listed by crop are each of the active ingredients for RUPs for which there were sufficient reports to publish data. All data in this report refer to the 1995 crop year. During 1995, NASS surveyed growers of field crops and fruit crops to obtain on farm usage of all restricted and general use pesticides. The results of those surveys have been published in separate reports 1/. NASS extracted the data about chemicals classified as RUP at the national level from those reports in order to provide this publication. The table below shows the 1995 survey coverage for Field Crops. In it are the number of States surveyed, the number of reports summarized, and the percent of the U.S. crop acres accounted for in the surveyed States. Agricultural Chemical Usage Survey Coverage Field Crops 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : States : Reports : Percentage of : Surveyed : Summarized : U.S. Acres -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Number Percent : Corn : 17 2,732 90 Upland Cotton : 6 1.066 70 Fall Potatoes : 11 1,364 94 Soybeans : 14 2,083 83 Winter Wheat : 13 1,928 84 Durum Wheat : 1 117 86 Other Spring Wheat : 4 311 93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Survey Procedures NASS enumerators personally interviewed farm operators or managers to obtain information on chemical applications made on the sampled farm operations. The survey instrument obtained chemical application data by product name or trade name. A thorough review compared reported data with manufacturer's label recommendations and with data from other farm operators using the same product. Following this review, product information was converted to an active ingredient level. The chemical usage estimates in this publication consist of survey estimates of those active ingredients. 1/ Agricultural Chemical Usage - 1995 Field Crops Summary, March 1996. Agricultural Chemical Usage - 1995 Fruits Summary, July 1996. Table Notes The following comments and points should be taken into account when analyzing data from the tables included in this report. Area applied refers to acres receiving one or more application of a specific agricultural chemical. Acre treatments, although not provided, can be computed by multiplying acres, area applied, and applications values. Estimates for coverage and total amount of active ingredient applied to field crops are based on the estimates of acreage published in the NASS report "Crop Production 1995 Summary". Estimates for coverage and total amount of active ingredient applied to fruits are based on the estimates for bearing acres published in the NASS reports "Citrus Fruits - 1995 Summary" and "Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts - 1995 Summary". Allowances for nonbearing acreage in California are estimates that may or may not have been previously published in State releases. Detailed data may not multiply across or add to totals due to independent rounding. Field Crops The 1995 chemical use survey program for field crops includes corn, cotton, potatoes, soybeans, and wheat. States surveyed represent 70 to 94 percent of the U.S. acreage for these crops. Corn herbicides and potato soil fumigants and vine killers accounted for a large part of the total active ingredients of RUPs for the crops surveyed. Atrazine on corn was the most widely used RUP applied to any field crop. Atrazine area applied was down slightly from the average in 1993, while application rates appear to be holding steady for that period. Since 1993 Alachlor usage declined from nearly 30 percent to less than 10 percent of the area applied. The reduction in Alachlor usage coincides directly, with the introduction and increasing usage of Acetochlor. Percentage of Potato acres receiving applications of soil fumigants is holding about steady while usage of sulfuric acid as a vine killer is becoming more common. A wide range of RUP insecticides were used on cotton. Methyl Parathion, Lambdacyhalothrin, Aldicarb, Profenofos, and Oxamyl were the RUPs most widely used. Few restricted use pesticides were used on soybeans or winter wheat. There were insufficient reports of RUPs to publish data for Durum and other Spring Wheat. Fruit and Berry Crops Growers in 10 States were surveyed in 1995 to obtain chemical use data on 25 fruits and berry crops. Citrus growers relied on few restricted usage pesticides. Abemectin and Ethion were the most widely used RUPs on the citrus crops. Azinphos-methyl was the most widely used RUP for apples, sweet cherries, tart cherries, and pears. Diazinon usage was highest on nectarines, plums, and prunes. Methyl parathion and permethrin were also widely used on non citrus fruits. The most frequently used RUPs for berry crops were paraquat on blackberries and raspberries, bifenthrin on raspberries, azinphos-methyl and methomyl on blueberries, and diazinon and esfenvalerate blackberries. There were insufficient reports to publish data for RUPs for dates, and figs. Corn: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs Herbicides: : Acetochlor : 18 1.0 2.00 2.01 23,312 Alachlor : 8 1.0 1.61 1.64 8,718 Atrazine : 65 1.1 0.98 1.10 45,735 Cyanazine : 17 1.1 2.02 2.16 23,335 Dimethenamid : 3 1.0 1.07 1.09 2,256 Paraquat : 1 1.0 0.54 0.54 447 : Insecticides: : Bifenthrin : 1 1.1 0.05 0.05 40 Carbofuran : 2 1.1 0.89 0.94 946 Fonofos : 1 1.0 0.88 0.88 786 Methyl parathion : 3 1.2 0.46 0.57 1,024 Permethrin : 4 1.0 0.10 0.10 237 Phorate : 1 1.0 1.10 1.10 750 Tefluthrin : 5 1.0 0.10 0.10 286 Turbufos : 6 1.0 1.03 1.03 4,277 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area planted in 1995 for the 17 States surveyed was 64.1 million acres. States included are DE, GA, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, MI, MN, MO, NE, NC, OH, PA, SD, TX, WI. Upland Cotton: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs Herbicides: : Cyanazine : 18 1.3 0.64 0.85 1,795 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 6 1.4 0.006 0.009 6 Aldicarb : 15 1.0 0.60 0.62 1,101 Amitraz : 4 1.6 0.18 0.28 141 Azinphos-methyl : 8 2.3 0.25 0.58 519 Bifenthrin : 6 1.5 0.05 0.08 54 Carbofuran : 7 1.5 0.25 0.37 309 Cyfluthrin : 12 2.8 0.03 0.09 130 Cypermethrin : 5 2.7 0.07 0.20 115 Dicrotophos : 12 1.5 0.28 0.42 564 Diflubenzuron : 6 1.6 0.11 0.17 123 Disulfoton : 4 1.1 0.78 0.82 380 Esfenvalerate : 7 1.9 0.04 0.07 61 Fenpropathrin : 3 2.2 0.15 0.32 104 Lambdacyhalothrin : 21 2.2 0.03 0.07 161 Methamidophos : 2 1.3 0.54 0.69 168 Methomyl : 9 1.9 0.29 0.55 547 Methyl parathion : 26 3.9 0.43 1.67 5,053 Oxamyl : 13 1.6 0.22 0.36 549 Phorate : 5 1.0 0.78 0.80 486 Profenofos : 13 2.1 0.54 1.13 1,742 Sulprofos : 2 1.2 0.74 0.92 173 Tralomethrin : 7 2.0 0.02 0.04 34 Zeta-cypermethrin : 8 2.7 0.03 0.08 78 : Other Chemicals: : Paraquat : 17 1.3 0.24 0.31 598 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area planted in 1995 for the 6 States surveyed was 11.7 million acres. States included are AZ, AR, CA, LA, MS, TX. Fall Potatoes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 8 1.4 0.45 0.64 59 Carbofuran : 24 1.7 0.84 1.40 386 Disulfoton : 4 1.4 2.38 3.36 158 Esfenvalerate : 18 1.3 0.03 0.05 9 Ethoprop : 7 1.1 4.38 4.61 358 Fonofos : 3 1.0 2.64 2.69 94 Methamidophos : 23 1.7 0.87 1.50 393 Methyl parathion : 1 1.7 0.70 1.18 15 Oxamyl : 2 1.3 0.83 1.08 22 Permethrin : 16 1.3 0.13 0.16 31 Phorate : 21 1.0 2.67 2.67 647 : Fungicides: : Triphenyltin hydrox. : 19 2.2 0.13 0.29 62 : Other Chemicals: : Chloropicrin : 1 1.0 38.18 38.18 250 Dichloropropene : 5 1.0 173.69 173.69 10,323 Metam-sodium : 14 1.0 126.62 126.62 20,724 Paraquat : 4 1.1 0.43 0.46 20 Sulfuric acid : 10 1.0 243.63 245.00 27,809 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area planted in 1995 for the 11 States surveyed was 1.15 million acres. States included are CO, ID, ME, MI, MN, NY, ND, OR, PA, WA, WI. Soybeans: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs Herbicides: : Alachlor : 4 1.0 1.98 1.99 3,930 Dimethenamid : 1 1.0 0.93 0.93 483 Fenoxaprop-ethyl : 6 1.1 0.11 0.12 395 Paraquat : 2 1.1 0.57 0.63 667 : Insecticides: : Esfenvalerate : * 1.0 0.03 0.03 2 Methomyl : * 1.0 0.42 0.42 17 Methyl parathion : 1 1.0 0.47 0.48 185 Permethrin : * 1.0 0.07 0.07 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than one percent of the acres. 1/ Area planted in 1995 for the 14 States surveyed was 51.8 million acres. States included are AR, GA, IL, IN, IA, KY, LA, MN, MI, MO, NE, NC, OH, TN. Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs Herbicides: : Diclofop-methyl : 1 1.0 0.80 0.80 152 Picloram : 1 1.0 0.02 0.02 4 : Insecticides: : Chlorpyrifos : 2 1.0 0.40 0.40 267 Methyl parathion : 1 1.0 0.30 0.30 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested in 1995 for the 13 States surveyed was 34.3 million acres. States included are CO, ID, IL, KS, MO, MT, NE, OH, OK, OR, SD, TX, WA. Oranges: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 6 1.3 0.33 0.42 19.3 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 37 1.4 0.01 0.01 3.0 Aldicarb : 8 1.0 2.54 2.54 149.4 Cyfluthrin : 6 1.1 0.10 0.11 4.9 Ethion : 13 1.2 2.42 2.96 290.9 Methidathion 2/ : 10 1.1 3.81 4.06 82.1 Methomyl : 2 1.6 0.66 1.08 15.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 2 States surveyed were 759,800 acres. States included are CA, FL. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. 2/ Estimates published only for California to avoid disclosure of non-published data. Grapefruit: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 2 2.1 0.36 0.76 2.2 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 72 1.7 0.01 0.01 1.5 Aldicarb : 10 1.0 2.58 2.58 38.9 Ethion : 35 1.3 2.69 3.45 177.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 2 States surveyed were 147,200 acres. States included are CA, FL. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Lemons: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 24 1.1 0.01 0.01 0.1 Fenamiphos : 5 1.5 3.16 4.81 11.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 47,700 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may only refer to nonbearing acres. Limes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Florida, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Abamectin 2/ : 26 4.5 0.01 0.03 Ethion : 42 1.9 1.67 3.24 2.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for Florida were 1,900 acres. 2/ Total applied is less than 50 pounds. Tangelos: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Florida, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 64 1.4 0.01 0.01 0.1 Ethion : 32 1.4 2.50 3.42 13.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for Florida were 12,400 acres. Tangerines: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 57 1.6 0.01 0.01 0.2 Ethion : 12 1.3 2.74 3.61 12.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 2 States surveyed were 29,300 acres. States included are CA, FL. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only nonbearing acres. Temples: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Florida, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 2 2.5 0.37 0.93 0.1 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 70 1.5 0.01 0.01 0.1 Ethion : 19 1.3 2.38 3.17 4.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for Florida were 6,800 acres. Apples: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Atrazine : 1 1.1 0.90 1.02 2.1 Paraquat : 24 1.3 0.58 0.75 61.4 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 86 3.3 0.78 2.61 774.1 Clofentezine : 9 1.1 0.12 0.14 4.2 Diazinon : 7 2.1 0.87 1.82 42.8 Esfenvalerate : 14 1.6 0.03 0.05 2.5 Methidathion : 2 1.1 1.02 1.13 6.7 Methomyl : 18 2.6 0.38 1.00 60.3 Methyl parathion : 24 2.2 0.75 1.65 136.5 Oxamyl : 17 1.2 0.46 0.56 32.0 Permethrin : 9 1.2 0.13 0.15 4.6 Phosphamidon : 5 1.5 0.56 0.83 14.1 : Other Chemicals: : Chlorophacinone : 3 1.0 0.07 0.07 0.8 Strychnine : 2 1.3 0.01 0.01 0.1 Zinc phosphide : 2 1.0 0.17 0.17 1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 9 States surveyed were 345,200 acres. States included are CA, GA, MI, NJ, NY, OR, PA, SC, WA. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Apricots: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Diazinon : 41 1.2 1.91 2.31 19.6 Esfenvalerate : 21 1.1 0.05 0.06 0.2 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 48 1.1 2.67 2.91 29.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 20,800 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Avocados: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Permethrin 2/ : 79 2.1 0.21 0.44 2.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 2 States surveyed were 73,100 acres. States included are CA, FL. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. 2/ Estimates published only for Florida to avoid disclosure of non-published data. Blueberries: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 8 1.1 0.58 0.66 1.5 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 49 1.6 0.52 0.82 11.9 Diazinon : 7 1.4 0.94 1.35 2.7 Methomyl : 44 1.6 0.58 0.94 12.4 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 14 1.7 2.08 3.53 14.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 4 States surveyed were 29,750 acres. States included are GA, MI, NJ, OR. Blackberries: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Oregon, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 30 1.2 0.63 0.76 1.1 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 16 1.0 0.36 0.36 0.3 Diazinon : 27 1.1 1.42 1.62 2.2 Esfenvalerate : 19 1.1 0.05 0.05 0.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for Oregon were 4,900 acres. Raspberries: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 54 1.1 0.31 0.35 2.1 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 7 1.0 0.44 0.44 0.3 Bifenthrin : 43 1.0 0.10 0.10 0.5 Diazinon : 40 1.0 1.32 1.33 5.9 Fenamiphos : 11 1.0 2.94 2.94 3.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 2 States surveyed were 11,100 acres. States included are OR, WA. Sweet Cherries: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 17 1.4 0.46 0.62 5.0 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 47 1.9 0.67 1.24 27.3 Diazinon : 13 1.4 1.51 2.15 13.1 Esfenvalerate : 20 1.9 0.04 0.08 0.7 Methidathion : 1 1.1 0.78 0.83 0.5 Methyl parathion : 3 1.5 0.80 1.23 1.9 Permethrin : 3 1.7 0.09 0.16 0.2 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 12 1.2 2.42 3.01 16.4 : Other Chemicals: : Strychnine 2/ : 2 1.5 0.003 0.005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 4 States surveyed were 47,000 acres. States included are CA, MI, OR, WA. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. 2/ Total applied is less than 50 pounds. Tart Cherries: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 32 1.2 0.49 0.57 6.7 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 74 2.0 0.53 1.07 29.5 Diazinon : 1 1.0 0.55 0.56 0.1 Esfenvalerate : 18 1.2 0.03 0.04 0.2 Methyl parathion : 11 1.8 0.58 1.07 4.2 Permethrin : 13 1.4 0.13 0.18 0.8 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 70 2.0 1.87 3.72 96.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 4 States surveyed were 37,100 acres. States included are MI, NY, OR, PA. Grapes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 19 1.2 0.45 0.53 79.0 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 1 1.3 0.78 0.98 10.5 Diazinon : 1 1.0 0.62 0.62 7.4 Fenamiphos : 7 1.4 1.37 1.88 111.0 Methomyl : 6 1.2 0.72 0.89 40.7 Methyl parathion : 2 1.4 1.36 1.92 32.6 : : Other Chemicals: : Methyl bromide : * 1.0 357.87 357.87 342.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Applied on less than 1 percent of the acres. 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 6 States surveyed were 796,400 acres. States included are CA, MI, NY, OR, PA, WA. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Kiwifruit: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 5 1.6 0.88 1.38 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 6,700 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Nectarines: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 17 1.6 0.25 0.39 2.4 : Insecticides: : Diazinon : 41 1.3 2.67 3.59 54.1 Methidathion : 6 1.0 1.77 1.77 3.6 Methomyl : 38 1.1 0.80 0.91 12.6 Methyl parathion : 14 1.2 1.54 1.77 9.1 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 51 1.1 2.82 2.99 55.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 36,400 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Olives: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides : Methidathion : 5 1.0 2.35 2.39 4.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 37,700 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Peaches: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 33 1.3 0.39 0.53 25.4 : Insecticides: : Azinphos-methyl : 20 4.0 0.46 1.83 51.6 Diazinon : 21 1.2 2.28 2.80 82.7 Esfenvalerate : 21 1.5 0.04 0.06 1.8 Fenamiphos : 2 1.0 2.31 2.31 5.9 Methidathion : 4 1.0 1.30 1.35 8.6 Methomyl : 9 2.3 0.35 0.80 9.8 Methyl parathion : 50 4.2 0.54 2.29 165.4 Permethrin : 29 2.0 0.15 0.30 12.6 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 34 1.4 2.14 2.98 146.7 : Other Chemicals: : Methyl bromide : 1 1.0 292.80 306.61 522.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 8 States surveyed were 143,800 acres. States included are CA, GA, MI, NJ, NY, PA, SC, WA. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Pears: Agricultural Chemical Applications, States Surveyed, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 21 1.3 0.56 0.74 10.5 : Insecticides: : Abamectin : 68 1.3 0.02 0.02 1.0 Amitraz : 10 1.4 1.03 1.40 9.4 Azinphos-methyl : 82 2.6 1.05 2.71 150.6 Diazinon : 15 1.1 1.93 2.05 21.3 Esfenvalerate : 36 1.2 0.07 0.09 2.1 Methidathion : 6 1.1 1.62 1.71 7.3 Methomyl : 1 1.0 0.71 0.72 0.6 Methyl parathion : 10 1.0 1.40 1.46 10.1 Permethrin : 7 1.1 0.29 0.32 1.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acres in 1995 for the 4 States surveyed were 67,850 acres. States included are CA, NY, OR, WA. Acreage in California includes nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Plums: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 15 1.2 0.41 0.50 3.3 : Insecticides: : Diazinon : 41 1.3 2.61 3.29 59.3 Methidathion : 2 1.0 2.00 2.01 1.8 Methyl parathion : 25 1.1 1.45 1.57 17.2 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 10 1.1 2.39 2.51 10.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 44,000 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Prunes: Agricultural Chemical Applications, California, 1995 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultural : Area : Appli- : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : Applied : cations : Application : Crop Year : Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per Acre 1,000 Lbs : Herbicides: : Paraquat : 5 1.0 0.31 0.31 1.4 : Insecticides: : Diazinon : 36 1.1 2.04 2.15 71.9 Esfenvalerate : 6 1.3 0.05 0.06 0.3 Methidathion : 10 1.0 1.13 1.16 10.5 : Fungicides: : Chlorothalonil : 14 1.1 3.04 3.26 42.4 : Other Chemicals: : Methyl Bromide : 1 1.0 209.42 216.39 140.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total acres in 1995 for California were 93,800 acres. Acreage includes both bearing and nonbearing acres. Applications of some active ingredients may refer only to nonbearing acres. Terms and Definitions Pesticides include any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest, and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. Pests targeted by pesticides includes weeds, insects, fungi, and other forms of life. Restricted use pesticides refer to those products where some or all of the uses require special handling because of the toxicity of the products ingredients. Restricted use pesticides may be applied only by trained, certified applicators or persons under their direct supervision. Herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and other chemicals make up the four classes of pesticides presented in this report. Miticides and nematicides are included as insecticides. Growth regulators, soil fumigants, rodenticides, and repellents are included as other chemicals. This report excludes the use of seed treatments and postharvest applications to the commodity. Active ingredient is the specific chemical which kills or controls the target pests. Pesticide products reported are converted to an amount of active ingredient for this publication. Trade name is the actual product name given to a specific formulation of a pesticide product. A formulation contains a specific concentration of the active ingredient, carrier materials, and other ingredients such as emulsifiers and wetting agents. Some formulations as in the case of pre-mixes, can contain more than one active ingredient. Common name is the published name for an active ingredient. Rate per application refers to the average number of pounds of a pesticide active ingredient applied to an acre of land in one application. The rate reflects the affect of band, spot, or alternate row middle spraying. Rate per crop year is the average number of pounds applied of an ingredient to one acre of land counting multiple applications. Number of applications is the average number of times a treated acre receives a specific agricultural chemical. Area applied represents the percent of crop acres receiving one or more applications of a specific ingredient. This report does not contain acre treatments. However, acre treatments can be calculated by multiplying the acres planted by the percent of area applied and the average number of applications. Bearing acres is the area of fruit, berry, and vine crops that have reached a commercially productive bearing age. This age varies by crop, by area, and by producer. Crop year refers to the period immediately following harvest for the previous year through harvest of the current year. The 1995 crop year will overlap the 1994 and 1995 calendar years in some States. Trade Names, Common Names, and Classes The following is a list of common name, associated class and trade name of active ingredients classified as restricted use pesticides at the Federal level. The classes are herbicides (H), insecticides (I), fungicides (F), and other chemicals (O). This list is provided as an aid in reviewing pesticide data. All labeled uses are not restricted on an active ingredient. In some cases only certain formulations, concentrations, or uses are restricted. The list is not complete for all restricted use pesticides. Non-farm and non-crop uses are excluded from the listing. Pre-mixes are also excluded. Inclusion on the list by NASS does not mean to imply use of any specific trade name. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Class : Common Name : Trade Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I abamectin Agri-Mek, Zephyr, Avid H acetochlor Harness, Surpass H alachlor Lasso I aldicarb Temik I amitraz Mitac,Ovasyn H atrazine AAtrex I azinphos-methyl Guthion I bifenthrin Capture I carbofuran Furadan O chlorophacinone Rozol O chloropicrin several F chlorothalonil Bravo, Echo I chlorpyrifos Lorsban, Dursban I clofentezine Apollo H cyanazine Bladex I cyfluthrin Baythroid I cypermethrin Ammo, Cymbush I diazinon several O dichloropropene Telone H diclofop-methyl Hoelon I dicrotophos Bidrin H diflubenzuron Dimilin H dimethenamid Frontier, Guardsman I disulfoton Di-Syston I esfenvalerate Asana I ethion ethion I ethoprop Mocap I fenamiphos Nemacur I fonofos Dyfonate I lambdacyhalothrin Karate O metam-sodium Vapam I methamidophos Monitor I methidathion Supracide I methomyl Lannate O methyl bromide several I methyl parathion several I oxamyl Vydate H,O paraquat Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire I permethrin Ambush, Pounce I phorate Thimet I phosphamidon phosphamidon H picloram Tordon I profenofos Curacron O strychnine several O sulfuric acid sulfuric acid I sulprofos Bolstar I tefluthrin Force I terbufos Counter I tralomethrin Scout F triphenyltin hydroxide several I zeta-cypermethrin Fury, Mustang O zinc phosphide several ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Report Features The next "Agricultural Chemical Usage" report will be released in April 1997. This report will cover agricultural chemical use for 1996 on field crops for major States. The next annual summary of restricted use pesticides will be released in December, 1997. This report will cover the use of restricted agricultural chemicals for 1996 on field crops and vegetables for the major states. Listed below are persons within the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Van Johnson, Environmental Statistician (202) 720-7492 C. Ray Halley, Chief, Crops Branch (202) 720-2127 Listed below is the contact within the Economic Research Service for additional information. Merritt Padgitt, Economist, Environmental Indicators and Resource Accounting Branch (202) 219-0433 Index Page Field Crop Tables Corn ................................................................. 3 Cotton, Upland ....................................................... 3 Potatoes, Fall ....................................................... 4 Soybeans ............................................................. 4 Wheat, Winter ........................................................ 5 Fruit Crop Tables Apples ............................................................... 8 Apricots ............................................................. 8 Avocados ............................................................. 9 Blueberries .......................................................... 9 Blackberries ......................................................... 9 Cherries, Sweet ...................................................... 10 Cherries, Tart ....................................................... 11 Grapefruit ........................................................... 6 Grapes ............................................................... 11 Kiwifruit ............................................................ 12 Lemons ............................................................... 6 Limes ................................................................ 6 Nectarines ........................................................... 12 Olives ............................................................... 12 Oranges .............................................................. 5 Peaches .............................................................. 13 Pears ................................................................ 13 Plums ................................................................ 14 Prunes ............................................................... 14 Raspberries .......................................................... 10 Tangelos ............................................................. 7 Tangerines ........................................................... 7 Temples .............................................................. 7 Narrative .............................................................. 2 Overview ............................................................... 1 Report Features ........................................................ 17 Terms and Definitions .................................................. 15 Trade Names, Common Names, and Classes ................................. 16 Released December 18, 1996, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Chemical Usage" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. For assistance with general agricultural statistics, information about NASS, its products or services, contact the Agricultural Statistics Hotline at 1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@NASS.USDA.GOV. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office of Communications at (202) 720-5881 (voice) or (202) 720-7808 (TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA, Washington, D.C., 20250, or call (202) 720-7327 (voice) or (202) 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer. SUBSCRIBE TODAY!! 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Top speakers will discuss the 1997 farm outlook, prospects to 2005, risk management, concentration issues, market stability, world food security, marketing high-valued exports and more. Plan now to attend. For program and registration details, check Forum home page, call (202) 720-3050 or dial (202) 219-0296 from your fax machine and request document 66666. Send e-mail to agforum@oce.usda.gov. Get news from the Forum. Can't attend? After the Forum, download speeches from the Internet. Or, call 1-800-999-6779 to place an advance order for the printed proceedings (YCON-97) or new long term projections to 2005 (WAOB-97-1). Ag Forum home page: http://www.usda.gov/oce/waob/agforum.htm Agricultural Outlook Forum 97