HDR1012000120010131951500Agricultural Prices HDR2012000120010131951500Agricultural Prices Narrative Released January 31, 1995, by the Agricultural Statistics Board. January Prices Received Index Down 1 Point The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in January was 98 based on 1990- 92=100, down 1 point (1.0 percent) from December 1994. Price gains from December for cattle, hogs, cotton, and tomatoes were offset by price declines for lettuce, broccoli, milk, and wheat. The seasonal changes in the mix of commodities farmers sell also affects the overall index level. Lower seasonal marketings of cotton and cottonseed, fruits, vegetables, poultry, and milk more than offset the affect of increased seasonal marketings of corn, soybeans, and cattle to lower the overall index. Compared with a year earlier, the January All Farm Products Index was 7 points (6.7 percent) lower. Price decreases from January 1994 for corn, soybeans, hogs, and milk more than offset price increases for cotton, lettuce, celery, and strawberries. Prices Paid Index Slightly Higher The Index of Prices Paid by Farmers for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates for January was 107 percent of its 1990-92 average. The index rose 1 point (0.9 percent) from both October 1994 and January a year ago. Since October, prices increased the most for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, and fertilizer. Partially offsetting during the quarter were lower gasoline and diesel prices. Index Summary Table ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1993 : 1994 : 1995 Index :------------------------------------------------------ 1990-92=100 : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : Prices Received : 103 : 105 : 99 : 98 : : : : Prices Paid : 2/104 : 106 : 3/106 : 107 : : : : Ratio 1/ : 99 : 99 : 93 : 92 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. 2/ October 1993 prices paid index brought forward. 3/ October 1994 prices paid index brought forward. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For information call (202) 720-5446. Office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET. Pr 1 (1-95) Prices Received by Farmers The All Farm Products Index in January was 98 percent of its 1990-92 base, off 1.0 percent from December 1994 and 6.7 percent from January 1994. All Crops: The January index was 102, 3.8 percent below December 1994 and 7.3 percent below January 1994. Price decreases from December 1994 for vegetables, food grains, and oilseeds more than offset price increases for cotton, feed grains, and fruits. Feed Grains & Hay: The January index, at 97, was 1.0 percent above the previous month but 17 percent below January 1994. Higher January 1995 prices for all feed grains more than offset lower hay prices. Corn prices, at $2.17 per bushel, were 4 cents higher due to good export demand and higher expected feed use. Commercial Vegetables: The commercial vegetables index in January was 130, down 19 percent from December but up 17 percent from a year ago. Increased supplies of lettuce in January brought prices back to more normal levels after reaching record highs for the month of December. Broccoli also had a large price decrease. With lettuce accounting for a major portion of all vegetable marketings in January, these two price declines more than offset price increases for several other commodities in the index. Cotton: The January cotton index, at 126, increased 4.1 percent from last month and 22 percent from January 1994. January cotton prices increased 3.0 cents from December to 76.2 cents per pound, the highest price since January 1981. Projected exports of 9.2 million bales, the highest since 1979/80, contributed significantly to the increase in price. Oil-Bearing Crops: The January index, at 96, was 4.0 percent below December and 20 percent below a year earlier. Lower January prices for soybeans and sunflowers more than offset higher prices for cottonseed. Soybean prices averaged $5.36 per bushel, down 5 cents from last month due to good crop conditions in South America and the record U.S. crop. Livestock & Products: The January index was 93, up 3.3 percent from December 1994 but down 5.1 percent from January 1994. Meat animal price gains from December more than offset dairy and poultry price declines. Meat Animals: The January index, at 89, increased 7.2 percent from December but was 6.3 percent below January 1994. The January all beef cattle price increased $3.30 per cwt to $67.70 but, was down $2.30 from last year. The January all hog price increased to $35.50 per cwt, up $4.70 from December but down $8.00 from last year. Dairy Products: The January dairy products index, at 97, decreased 2.0 percent from December and was down 7.6 percent from a year ago. The all milk price decreased 20 cents from December to $12.70 per cwt as both fluid grade and manufacturing grade milk prices decreased. The January 1995 price was $1.00 below last year. Poultry & Eggs: At 101, the January index decreased 1.9 percent from December and 1.0 percent from last January. Market egg prices decreased 1.7 cents from last month to 50.5 cents per dozen. Broiler prices in January increased slightly from last month to 32.6 cents per pound. HDR2012000120010131951500Index Numbers of Prices Received by Farmers Index Numbers of Prices Received by Farmers, United States, January 1995, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 1/ :--------------------------------------------------- Index :Average: 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 :Jan-Dec:------------------------------------------- :1990-92: Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All Farm Products : 639 664 *626 620 105 99 98 : All Crops : 500 545 *522 505 110 106 102 Food Grains : 325 387 *386 371 122 121 117 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 417 *343 346 117 96 97 Cotton : 517 530 *619 644 103 121 126 Tobacco : 1263 1596 *1596 1591 105 105 105 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 658 *544 525 120 100 96 Fruit, All : 716 560 *495 501 80 71 72 Commercial Vegetables : 698 743 *1078 868 111 161 130 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 565 *463 459 112 92 91 Other Crops 2/ : 493 517 517 525 105 105 106 : Livestock & Products : 768 755 *694 711 98 90 93 Meat Animals : 1021 968 *841 902 95 83 89 Dairy Products : 799 842 *793 780 105 99 97 Poultry & Eggs : 282 286 *289 285 102 103 101 : Food Commodities : 102 96 155 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Revised. 1/ 1990-92=100 reference replaces 1977=100 beginning January 1995. 2/ New index group. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid by Farmers, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1994 and 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock :Comm, Services: Month : All Farm : All : and : Int., Taxes, : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Wage Rates : Items :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 105 98 110 102 98 93 106 107 106 105 Feb : 104 110 100 106 106 Mar : 105 109 101 106 106 Apr : 102 106 100 107 108 May : 101 107 97 107 108 Jun : 100 108 94 107 108 Jul : 97 101 93 106 105 Aug : 97 101 94 106 105 Sep : 97 102 91 106 105 Oct : 95 99 90 106 104 Nov : 94 100 90 106 104 Dec : 99 106 90 106 104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HDR2012000120010131951500Prices Received by Farmers Prices Received by Farmers, United States, January 1995, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :----------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1994 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 2.15 1.99 2.16 Feed : Bu : 1.90 1.97 1.78 1.91 Malting : Bu : 2.43 2.50 2.21 2.48 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 25.90 22.50 22.90 Corn : Bu : 2.30 2.70 2.13 2.17 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .627 .732 .762 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 126.00 119.00 120.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 4.38 4.71 4.82 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 86.10 85.10 84.80 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 90.50 92.50 92.10 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 73.70 64.10 66.80 Oats : Bu : 1.22 1.42 1.18 1.27 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 .361 .254 .257 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 6.02 4.86 4.71 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 8.92 6.56 6.60 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 4.70 3.53 3.70 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 6.72 5.41 5.36 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 13.60 10.30 9.72 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.835 1.835 1.830 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 3.58 3.73 3.60 Winter : Bu : 2.93 3.41 3.75 3.62 Durum : Bu : 2.86 4.97 4.67 4.63 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 3.69 3.56 3.41 Hard Red : Bu : 2.95 3.58 3.64 Soft Red : Bu : 2.87 3.41 3.63 White : Bu : 3.24 3.16 3.95 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.76 3.54 2.60 2.19 Lemons : Box : 9.97 .07 4.97 4.97 Limes : Box : 10.15 18.00 10.00 8.00 Oranges : Box : 5.88 3.94 2.91 3.05 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 2.87 3.00 2.58 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 8.09 11.42 17.17 Temples : Box : 6.23 4.96 4.45 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .187 .179 .202 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 235.00 290.00 274.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 .795 1.29 1.23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers, United States, January 1995, with Comparisons (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :----------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1994 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 135.00 191.00 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 23.50 45.30 22.20 Cantaloupes : Cwt : Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 10.70 15.60 17.20 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 24.80 30.10 32.70 Celery : Cwt : 11.50 11.40 25.50 26.90 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 26.80 35.10 29.10 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 29.20 58.10 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 8.05 37.50 16.50 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 29.80 12.10 12.90 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 71.80 82.70 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 41.50 37.20 40.10 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 94.00 81.90 84.00 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 70.00 64.40 67.70 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 45.40 37.40 38.50 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 73.10 68.00 71.50 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 1160.00 1150.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 43.50 30.80 35.50 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 44.10 31.60 36.30 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 34.40 19.20 25.00 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 60.80 68.70 5/68.20 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 33.40 34.00 5/32.20 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.10 13.70 12.90 5/12.70 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 13.70 12.90 12.70 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 12.30 11.50 11.40 : : Broilers, Live : Lb : .317 .334 .325 .326 Eggs, All 6/ : Doz : .643 .619 .630 .620 Market 6/7/ : Doz : .546 .504 .522 .505 Turkeys, Live 6/ : Lb : .380 .368 .423 .393 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .573 .589 .574 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 13.30 12.65 12.57 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling and government witholding, but includes bulk tank, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.80, fluid milk 3.79, mfg grade 3.88. 6/ Mid-month price. 7/ Includes eggs sold retail by the producer. HDR2012000120010131951500Wheat Wheat: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AZ : AR : 3.47 3.47 3.47 3.47 CA : 3.98 3.94 3.93 3.90 3/ 3/ CO : 3.64 3.50 3.65 3.50 3.46 3.49 GA : 3.26 3.44 3.26 3.44 ID : 3.83 3.66 3.91 3.72 3.71 3.58 IL : 3.74 3.70 3.74 3.70 IN : 3.66 3.50 3.66 3.50 KS : 3.71 3.54 3.71 3.54 MI : 3.63 3.60 3.63 3.60 MN : 3.43 3.26 3.27 3.10 3.89 4.00 3.43 3.25 MO : 3.68 3.65 3.68 3.65 MT : 3.67 3.54 3.63 3.45 5.29 5.30 3.62 3.55 NE : 3.73 3.56 3.73 3.56 ND : 3.72 3.60 3/ 3/ 4.63 4.60 3.49 3.35 OH : 3.60 3.58 3.60 3.58 OK : 3.78 3.55 3.78 3.55 OR : 4.10 4.00 4.10 4.00 SD : 3.66 3.38 3.50 3.32 5.68 4.56 3.82 3.41 TX : 3.72 3.53 3.72 3.53 WA : 4.15 3.99 4.14 3.99 4.28 4.02 : US : 3.73 3.60 3.75 3.62 4.67 4.63 3.56 3.41 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1994 and 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 :1995 2/:1994 :1995 2/: 1994 :1995 2/: 1994 :1995 2/: 1994 :1995 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 3.58 3.60 2.70 2.17 6.72 5.36 70.00 67.70 43.50 35.50 Feb : 3.60 2.79 6.71 70.20 47.90 Mar : 3.70 2.74 6.73 72.30 44.40 Apr : 3.56 2.65 6.57 72.00 42.70 May : 3.43 2.60 6.77 67.20 42.60 Jun : 3.21 2.61 6.72 62.70 42.60 Jul : 3.04 2.29 5.92 62.90 42.30 Aug : 3.24 2.16 5.58 65.90 41.80 Sep : 3.56 2.19 5.47 63.50 35.30 Oct : 3.77 2.06 5.30 63.10 31.90 Nov : 3.76 1.99 5.36 64.40 28.00 Dec : 3.73 2.13 5.41 64.40 30.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. HDR2012000120010131951500Grains Grains: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/: Dec 2/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AR : 5.54 5.56 3.75 4.10 CA : 2.71 2.70 CO : 2.12 2.09 2.32 2.33 3.60 3.60 GA : 2.41 2.45 5.43 5.31 ID : 2.43 2.56 IL : 2.17 2.21 1.60 1.56 5.55 5.46 IN : 2.12 2.22 1.50 1.46 5.56 5.46 IA : 2.04 2.07 1.33 1.31 5.33 5.24 KS : 2.24 2.26 5.35 5.25 3.47 3.57 KY : 2.32 2.35 5.65 5.55 LA : 5.42 5.50 MI : 1.98 2.10 1.51 1.50 5.33 5.30 MN : 1.85 1.75 1.95 1.96 1.23 1.17 5.22 5.11 MS : 5.56 5.50 MO : 2.13 2.25 5.40 5.45 3.62 3.80 MT : 2.29 2.27 NE : 2.14 2.15 1.37 1.40 5.22 5.13 3.39 3.57 NM : 3.97 4.06 NY : 1.42 1.30 NC : 2.30 2.44 5.23 5.32 ND : 1.87 1.90 .99 1.00 OH : 2.14 2.25 1.42 1.48 5.53 5.45 OK : 3.68 3.68 OR : 2.44 2.40 1.50 1.51 PA : 2.42 2.40 1.87 1.63 SC : 5.33 5.30 SD : 1.87 1.91 1.89 1.94 1.18 1.20 5.11 5.02 TN : 5.62 5.55 TX : 2.45 2.44 5.06 4.95 3.88 3.98 UT : 2.35 2.37 WA : 1.94 2.08 WI : 2.00 2.10 1.31 1.30 WY : 3.03 3.07 : US : 1.99 2.16 2.13 2.17 1.18 1.27 5.41 5.36 3.53 3.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for January 1995 is $1.60. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, December and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 2.78 3.00 2.14 2.18 MN : 2.10 2.03 1.72 1.60 MT : 2.90 2.90 1.83 1.85 ND : 2.04 2.10 1.63 1.60 SD : 2.13 2.36 1.68 1.59 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HDR2012000120010131951500Field Crops Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/5/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 2/: Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 3/: Dec 1/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : 6/ 6/ CA : 34.10 35.40 CO : 16.20 15.50 FL : 6/ 6/ GA : .195 6/ ID : 18.80 18.30 IN : 1.850 1.850 KS : 7/ 7/ KY : 1.845 1.835 MD : MI : 28.60 28.30 MN : 20.00 19.40 10.70 9.87 MO : 1.830 1.820 NE : 21.40 21.10 NC : 1.820 1.805 .218 .281 ND : 16.20 15.80 10.60 10.10 4.71 4.80 OH : 1.830 1.825 OK : SC : SD : 9.69 8.29 4.77 4.99 TN : 1.830 1.820 TX : .300 7/ VA : 1.795 1.795 .226 .268 WA : 22.20 21.80 WV : 1.815 1.795 : US : 22.50 22.90 10.30 9.72 4.71 4.82 1.835 1.830 .254 .257 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ In-shell. 5/ Includes additional loan peanuts at loan value. 6/ Sales volume insufficient to establish a state price, but all sales included in U.S. price. 7/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. HDR2012000120010131951500Tobacco Tobacco: Prices Received, by Area and Type January 1995, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Class by Type : Type : Jan 1994 : Dec 1994 : Jan 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Fire - cured : : VA Belt : 21 : 1.675 1.615 1.535 Light Air-cured : : Burley : 31 : 1.805 1.840 1.835 Dark Air- cured : : One Sucker Belt : 35 : 1.645 1.795 1.665 Green River Belt : 36 : 1.530 1.765 1.695 VA Sun - cured : 37 : 1.395 1.465 1.520 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36 : 1.605 1.785 1.675 Total Dark Air- cured : 35-37 : 1.605 1.780 1.675 : : US : 11-37 : 1.835 1.835 1.830 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HDR2012000120010131951500Field Crops Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : January : Cotton, Upland :--------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : .700 .690 AZ : .720 .801 122.00 117.00 117.00 AR : .667 .714 90.00 63.00 130.00 55.00 CA : .806 .914 157.00 121.00 123.00 85.00 .259 CO : 92.00 92.00 94.00 GA : .708 .738 66.00 ID : 86.00 88.00 73.00 IL : 81.00 86.00 60.00 IN : 96.00 105.00 78.00 IA : 78.00 81.00 56.00 KS : 76.00 79.00 60.00 KY : 79.00 105.00 60.00 LA : .686 .728 MI : 79.00 80.00 70.00 .135 MN : 73.00 79.00 59.00 MS : .730 .744 MO : 66.00 98.00 60.00 MT : 72.00 73.00 64.00 NE : 58.00 60.00 49.00 NV : 94.00 95.00 85.00 NM : 132.00 136.00 99.00 NY : 83.00 90.00 75.00 .166 ND : 52.00 55.00 35.00 OH : 85.00 105.00 60.00 .195 OK : 88.00 104.00 65.00 OR : 100.00 103.00 75.00 PA : 101.00 113.00 91.00 .230 SD : 59.00 64.00 47.00 TN : .703 .732 TX : .727 .740 102.00 62.00 111.00 58.00 UT : 81.00 82.00 70.00 VA : .159 WA : 98.00 88.00 140.00 .211 WI : 63.00 66.00 58.00 WY : 86.00 87.00 80.00 : US : .732 .762 120.00 84.80 92.10 66.80 .202 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, January 1995, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Unit : Nov 1994 1/ : Dec 1994 1/ : Jan 1995 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .689 .732 .762 Marketings 3/ : 1,000 Bales : 4302 5091 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 6.53 6.56 6.60 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Cwt : 15548 17479 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Expanded data from sample of about 56 percent of buyers. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. HDR2012000120010131951500Citrus Fruit Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------- State : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree and Area : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit : AZ : 9.32 3.89 3.89 1.96 1.96 CA : Desert Valleys : 9.04 3.61 3.61 1.68 1.68 FL : 11.90 3.80 6.26 1.84 2.16 4.66 0.17 White Seedless : 13.00 3.71 7.15 2.50 2.08 5.55 0.85 Colored Seedless: 11.60 3.89 6.00 0.90 2.25 4.40 -0.80 Other : 3.00 3.00 1.40 1.40 TX : 11.20 3.35 3.71 1.78 2.36 2.71 0.83 CA-AZ : Desert Valleys : 9.20 3.73 3.73 1.80 1.80 : US : 11.90 3.72 5.56 1.84 2.19 4.12 0.21 : Lemons : AZ : 17.90 7.72 9.40 1.29 4.16 5.84 -2.27 CA : 22.10 8.99 13.60 1.01 5.43 10.04 -2.55 : US : 20.40 8.53 11.85 1.08 4.97 8.29 -2.48 : Limes : FL : 26.00 16.40 16.40 8.00 8.00 : Oranges : AZ : Navel and Misc : 17.60 10.36 11.42 0.06 8.31 9.37 -1.99 CA : Navel and Misc : 15.10 7.53 8.92 0.06 5.48 6.87 -1.99 FL : Early and Mids : 11.10 4.82 5.60 4.80 2.92 3.70 2.90 TX : Early and Mids : 13.20 4.03 4.24 3.23 2.88 3.08 2.12 CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 15.20 7.63 9.01 0.06 5.58 6.96 -1.99 : US : 13.60 4.95 7.29 4.76 3.05 5.40 2.86 : Tangelos : FL : 16.00 4.60 10.40 3.25 2.58 8.50 1.20 : Tangerines : AZ : 31.00 20.45 25.18 -0.06 18.42 23.15 -2.09 CA : 25.10 10.45 19.28 -0.06 8.42 17.25 -2.09 FL : 34.00 20.65 27.70 4.80 17.93 25.10 1.80 : US : 32.90 19.74 26.73 3.76 17.17 24.26 0.97 : Temples : FL : 14.80 6.43 9.30 3.90 4.45 7.40 1.85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Approximate net contents per box are as follows: Grapefruit - AZ and CA, 67 lbs; FL, 85 lbs; TX, 80 lbs; Lemons - 76 lbs; Oranges - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 90 lbs; TX 85 lbs; Limes - 88 lbs; Tangelos - 90 lbs; Tangerines - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 95 lbs; Temples - 90 lbs. HDR2012000120010131951500Potatoes Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Dec : Jan :: State : Dec : Jan : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : :: ND - All 1/ : 4.70 4.60 CA - All : 8.70 8.65 :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.50 NA - Winter : 16.60 16.40 :: - Processing : 4.30 NA - Spring : :: OH : 7.30 7.25 - Summer : :: OR : 4.50 4.55 - Fall : 5.30 5.30 :: PA : 8.75 9.15 CO - All 1/ : 3.00 2.85 :: TX : - Fresh 2/ : 2.90 NA :: VA : FL : :: WA - All : 4.65 4.45 ID - All 1/ : 4.25 4.15 :: - Processing : 4.50 NA - Fresh 2/ : 3.90 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 4.75 4.70 - Processing : 4.70 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 4.45 NA ME : 6.00 6.15 :: - Processing : 4.70 NA MI : 5.90 6.10 :: : MN : 5.30 5.60 :: US - All 1/ : 4.86 4.71 NY - All : 9.25 9.25 :: - Fresh 2/ : 4.98 NA - Long Island : 8.60 8.60 :: - Processing : 4.75 NA - Upstate : 9.50 9.55 :: : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. HDR2012000120010131951500Cattle Cattle: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 36.00 36.00 68.50 70.00 64.30 65.20 83.00 86.00 AR : 39.10 41.00 69.30 71.50 54.80 56.90 72.20 78.00 CA : 35.00 34.80 64.30 70.00 51.40 54.20 78.70 81.30 CO : 37.20 39.00 70.00 72.90 67.40 70.20 85.50 89.10 FL : 37.80 38.00 66.90 68.00 49.70 50.30 83.60 85.00 GA : 38.40 38.20 61.20 63.80 45.70 47.20 68.50 71.80 ID : 35.70 36.40 64.60 66.70 56.50 58.50 77.60 80.00 IL : 36.50 37.80 66.70 70.40 66.10 69.80 109.00 108.00 IA : 37.20 38.70 67.10 71.10 62.50 66.60 76.80 83.20 KS : 41.30 41.50 69.60 73.10 68.80 71.80 88.80 88.80 KY : 37.00 37.00 64.00 66.00 57.50 59.00 71.00 73.00 LA : 36.00 37.00 67.90 70.00 46.20 46.90 78.60 82.00 MI : 37.70 40.30 60.30 63.70 52.80 56.00 79.30 82.40 MN : 37.50 38.80 58.90 62.30 56.80 60.00 72.00 76.00 MO : 36.10 36.80 69.00 70.40 59.80 61.00 75.20 79.70 MT : 38.10 40.00 75.50 76.50 63.50 66.30 79.20 80.40 NE : 36.90 36.70 67.80 72.10 66.70 70.70 88.20 89.70 NM : 40.70 41.10 69.40 71.90 56.50 59.00 79.30 82.30 NY : 37.60 38.10 55.60 59.70 39.90 40.90 80.00 74.00 ND : 36.10 37.00 71.30 73.00 55.50 67.20 79.10 83.00 OH : 36.10 39.00 62.80 67.50 60.10 64.70 74.60 80.00 OK : 38.20 39.50 75.00 75.50 68.20 66.10 82.90 85.50 OR : 36.60 37.30 64.40 66.00 56.10 57.40 73.00 74.00 PA : 39.90 40.40 65.70 67.40 59.00 60.40 107.00 100.00 SD : 37.40 38.00 69.60 71.00 63.70 65.10 83.40 85.40 TN : 31.60 32.20 64.50 67.40 51.30 53.30 68.70 72.10 TX : 38.70 38.40 69.50 72.00 66.70 69.00 84.90 86.20 VA : 36.70 36.00 61.30 64.60 50.70 52.30 68.90 72.70 WI : 36.80 39.80 60.40 63.50 46.70 49.80 117.00 114.00 WY : 38.90 41.00 71.90 73.00 57.40 63.40 83.40 86.50 : US : 37.40 38.50 68.00 71.50 64.40 67.70 81.90 84.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. HDR2012000120010131951500Hogs Hogs: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 18.00 22.40 30.90 34.70 29.60 33.50 IL : 18.10 24.10 31.40 35.60 30.30 34.70 IN : 18.60 24.80 31.40 36.20 30.10 35.10 IA : 21.00 26.60 31.20 36.10 30.60 35.60 KS : 19.00 25.00 31.00 36.20 29.60 34.90 KY : 20.00 27.00 31.00 34.00 30.60 33.70 MI : 19.40 23.40 31.90 35.70 30.90 34.70 MN : 19.40 25.90 32.80 38.30 32.20 37.70 MO : 19.40 24.30 30.60 35.30 29.30 34.00 NE : 20.80 26.90 32.60 36.20 32.30 35.90 NC : 19.10 26.50 32.70 37.70 32.60 37.60 OH : 19.20 26.50 31.60 37.00 31.00 36.60 PA : 19.30 24.00 30.70 34.00 29.00 32.50 SC : 18.60 24.60 31.90 34.80 31.10 34.20 SD : 19.20 25.60 32.20 36.00 31.40 35.40 TN : 20.40 27.40 30.10 34.50 29.10 33.80 TX : 18.60 24.90 26.50 31.00 25.00 29.80 VA : 19.60 25.00 31.40 34.20 31.20 34.00 WI : 17.00 21.80 30.90 35.70 29.10 33.90 : US : 19.20 25.00 31.60 36.30 30.80 35.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. HDR2012000120010131951500Sheep and Poultry Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sheep : Lambs : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : Turkeys : Broilers : Eggs : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : 2/ : 1/3/ : 2/4/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ------- Dollars per Cwt -------- -- Dollars per Pound -- Dol/Doz : AL : .300 .425 AZ : AR : .48 .360 .580 CA : 33.00 33.50 76.70 72.50 .46 .300 .522 CO : 35.40 26.10 73.80 69.00 CT : .990 DE : .300 FL : .430 GA : .320 .508 ID : 29.00 27.50 61.70 60.50 IN : .41 .480 IA : 37.10 32.80 66.90 63.20 .37 .364 KS : 35.20 26.10 71.00 67.50 ME : .921 MD : .300 MI : .400 MN : 29.30 26.00 61.00 61.00 .34 .330 MS : .305 .577 MO : .37 .365 MT : 33.10 32.00 66.90 69.60 NE : 31.30 31.30 54.80 57.90 NM : 35.80 31.80 66.20 66.70 NY : .545 NC : .36 .325 .394 OH : 31.70 31.50 67.60 67.50 .520 OR : 24.00 24.50 62.00 62.10 PA : .45 .300 .510 SC : .535 SD : 35.50 34.50 64.50 64.40 TX : 39.90 34.10 71.70 74.60 .380 .510 UT : 29.00 22.00 67.00 64.00 VA : .41 .300 WA : .843 WY : 35.80 31.50 71.70 69.00 : US : 34.00 32.20 68.70 68.20 .393 .326 .505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ AR and TX prices are actual liveweight prices. All other States prices are equivalent liveweight prices, derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formuala: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = equivalent liveweight price. 4/ Market (table) eggs. Includes eggs sold retail by the producer. HDR2012000120010131951500Milk Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, December 1994 and January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 14.40 3.58 12.90 3.57 14.40 3.58 14.00 3.63 1140 AR : 13.90 3.68 13.20 4.81 13.90 3.69 13.40 3.69 1100 CA : 11.65 3.77 10.90 3.94 11.63 3.78 11.60 3.97 1270 CO : 13.50 3.68 13.50 3.68 13.40 3.63 1160 FL : 16.00 3.46 16.00 3.46 15.70 3.50 1170 GA : 15.40 3.63 15.40 3.63 15.00 3.65 1190 ID : 12.10 3.74 11.90 3.99 12.10 3.76 12.10 3.74 1040 IL : 12.80 3.83 12.30 3.91 12.80 3.83 12.20 3.82 1170 IN : 13.60 3.87 11.10 3.91 13.50 3.87 13.50 3.85 1100 IA : 12.60 3.85 11.30 3.91 12.50 3.86 12.40 3.84 1120 KS : 12.40 3.76 11.10 3.96 12.30 3.77 12.20 3.79 1170 KY : 13.90 3.69 11.10 3.80 13.80 3.69 13.50 3.70 1030 LA : 13.80 3.63 13.80 3.63 13.50 3.60 1160 MD : 13.40 3.75 13.40 3.75 13.20 3.75 1180 MI : 13.50 3.80 11.30 3.80 13.50 3.80 13.00 3.73 1190 MN : 12.45 3.81 11.35 3.83 12.30 3.81 12.20 3.80 1060 MS : 13.90 3.66 13.90 3.66 13.50 3.66 1120 MO : 13.30 3.74 11.40 3.92 13.20 3.75 13.00 3.75 1040 NE : 12.50 3.88 11.60 3.95 12.40 3.89 11.90 3.86 1130 NM : 11.70 3.68 11.70 3.68 11.60 3.49 1190 NY : 13.30 3.72 13.30 3.72 12.60 3.71 1100 NC : 14.20 3.67 11.00 4.15 14.20 3.67 13.80 3.70 1130 ND : 12.30 3.77 11.20 3.84 11.80 3.80 11.60 3.75 1020 OH : 13.40 3.84 11.00 3.92 13.20 3.85 13.00 3.80 1120 OK : 13.10 3.61 10.80 3.75 13.10 3.61 12.90 3.58 1130 OR : 12.60 3.83 12.50 4.30 12.60 3.84 12.10 3.84 1130 PA : 14.00 3.77 11.50 3.93 14.00 3.77 13.80 3.75 1200 TN : 14.10 3.65 11.40 3.64 14.00 3.65 13.60 3.63 1070 TX : 13.40 3.68 13.40 3.68 13.30 3.70 1160 UT : 12.30 3.77 12.10 3.82 12.30 3.78 12.20 3.80 1100 VT : 13.70 3.86 13.70 3.86 13.00 3.85 1160 VA : 14.40 3.70 10.80 3.90 14.40 3.70 14.00 3.90 1180 WA : 12.50 3.83 12.50 3.83 12.00 3.83 1200 WI : 12.70 3.87 11.91 3.96 12.63 3.88 12.50 3.86 1120 : US : 12.90 3.77 11.50 3.91 12.90 3.78 12.70 3.80 1150 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including surplus diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling and government withholding. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. HDR2012000120010131951500Parity Price Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, December 1994 and January 1995, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Jan 1994 : Dec 1994 : Jan 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 24.34 24.52 24.77 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 12.30 11.50 2/11.40 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.92 3.91 2/3.88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1995 is 91.4 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 91.5 percent in 1994. For additional details, see "parity price equivalent for manufacturing grade milk" in this issue. 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1995, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan : : 1994 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994: 1994: 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .611 8.26 8.38 8.54 43 45 42 Rice, Cwt : 1.71 23.10 23.10 23.90 39 28 28 Corn, Bu : .414 5.71 5.78 5.78 47 37 38 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .113 1.52 1.55 1.58 38 47 48 Extra Long Staple : .147 1.97 2.00 2.05 Peanuts, Lb : .0439 .594 .600 .613 61 42 42 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .252 3.45 3.48 3.52 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .226 2.99 3.01 3.16 56 54 49 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .292 3.84 3.89 4.08 59 Burley, 31 : .258 3.53 3.56 3.60 51 52 51 Maryland, 32 : .217 2.94 2.96 3.03 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .242 3.20 3.23 3.38 50 55 50 Sun-Cured, 37 : .198 2.59 2.61 2.77 54 56 55 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .158 2.16 2.12 2.21 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .198 2.65 2.67 2.77 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.35 2.37 2.42 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .344 4.40 4.44 4.81 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.94 26.60 26.80 27.10 2/50 2/47 2/46 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0837 1.17 1.15 1.17 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .277 3.66 3.79 3.87 Mohair, Lb : .716 9.78 9.80 10.00 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .370 5.01 5.12 5.17 43 39 42 Cottonseed, Ton : 14.50 195.00 197.00 203.00 65 60 59 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.24 43.30 43.70 45.30 60 51 51 Flaxseed, Bu : .759 10.70 10.80 10.60 41 44 45 Oats, Bu : .230 3.20 3.23 3.21 44 37 40 Potatoes, Cwt : .830 11.40 11.50 11.60 53 42 41 Rye, Bu : .274 4.25 4.28 3.83 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .639 9.17 9.25 8.93 51 38 41 Soybeans, Bu : .885 12.20 12.30 12.40 55 44 43 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 1.36 21.80 22.30 19.00 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0277 .376 .379 .387 50 47 52 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .713 9.55 9.76 9.96 37 27 22 Lemons : 1.17 15.60 16.00 16.30 13/ 31 30 Limes (FL) : 1.46 19.40 19.60 20.40 93 51 39 Oranges : .886 12.20 12.10 12.40 32 24 25 Tangerines : 1.96 25.80 26.80 27.40 31 43 63 Temples (FL) : .734 10.20 10.00 10.30 49 43 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 10.10 135.00 136.00 141.00 52 47 48 Calves, Cwt : 12.90 170.00 171.00 180.00 55 48 47 Hogs, Cwt : 6.97 96.50 97.30 97.40 45 32 36 Lambs, Cwt : 10.20 137.00 138.00 142.00 44 50 48 Sheep, Cwt : 4.05 52.40 52.60 56.60 64 65 57 Eggs, Doz : .0927 1.28 1.29 1.30 2/45 2/46 2/44 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0600 .829 .836 .838 44 51 47 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- continued Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1995, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Pears, Ton : Hops, Lb : .252 3.52 : Fresh 5/ : 49.50 692.00 Tobacco, Lb : : Dried, CA 7/ : 133.00 1860.00 Type 61 : 2.65 37.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : : : Fresh, Equiv : Noncitrus Fruit : : on-Tree : 52.00 726.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Prunes, Dried, : Processing : 18.10 253.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 129.00 1800.00 Apricots, Ton : : Prunes and Plums,: Fresh 8/ : 159.00 2220.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Dried, CA : 303.00 4230.00 : Fresh 10/ : 56.10 784.00 Avocados, Ton 8/ : 152.00 2120.00 : Processing 7/ : Cherries : : Excl Dried : 19.10 267.00 Sweet, Ton : 135.00 1890.00 : : Tart, Lb : .0307 .429 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.10 99.20 : Almonds, Lb : .186 2.60 Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 144.00 2010.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 115.00 1610.00 Grapes, Ton : : Walnuts, Ton : 160.00 2240.00 Raisin Variety : 130.00 1820.00 : : Other, Dried : 47.30 661.00 :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Nectarines : : Fresh : Fresh, Calif, : : Carrots 9/ : 1.52 21.20 Ton 8/ : 59.20 827.00 : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.03 56.30 Olives, CA : : Celery 9/ : 1.80 25.10 Canning, Ton 6/: 94.40 1320.00 : Honeydew Melons : 2.27 31.70 Peaches : : Lettuce : 1.95 27.20 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0411 .574 : Onions 9/ : 1.77 24.70 Dried, CA, : : Tomatoes : 4.38 61.20 Ton : 136.00 1900.00 : : Processing 6/ : : : Excl Dried : : : Clingstone, : : : CA, Ton : 30.50 426.00 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January and July Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. 13/ On-tree returns for lemons in January 1994 were only $0.07 per box. HDR2012000120010131951500Cotton Cotton, Upland: Twelve Month Average Price and Producer Marketings, 1994 United States ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Month : Marketings 1/ : Average Price 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : (000) Bales Dollars per Pound : January : 1,925 0.627 February : 913 0.657 March : 722 0.666 April : 542 0.675 May : 491 0.690 June : 263 0.633 July : 193 0.587 August : 912 0.668 September : 836 0.659 October : 2,452 0.655 November : 4,302 0.689 December : 5,091 0.732 : Calendar : Year Average : 18,642 0.683 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Expanded marketings from monthly cotton price survey of buyers. 2/ Revised monthly prices. Calendar year average results from weighting monthly prices by monthly marketings. Rice: Five-Month Average Price and Monthly Marketings, U.S. August 1994 - December 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Month : Average Price : Marketings 1/ : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars Per Cwt Cwt (000) : Aug : 6.87 11,534 Sep : 6.89 12,610 Oct : 6.47 13,381 Nov : 6.53 15,470 Dec : 6.56 17,479 : 5-Months 2/ : 6.65 70,474 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Reported purchases from producers by private firms plus reported rough rice equivalent of rice shipped during the month for cooperative mills. 2/ Computed in accordance with procedures in the federal register notice published in vol. 44, No. 56, Issued Wednesday, March 21, 1979 and Federal Register Notice published in vol 47, no. 158, Monday, August 16, 1982. HDR2012000120010131951500Sweetpotatoes Sweetpotatoes: Prices Received by Farmers, Marketing Year Average, by State and United States, 1993 and 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1993 : 1994 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AL : 13.90 15.40 CA : 24.30 31.70 GA : 12.40 12.10 LA : 16.10 13.90 MD : 17.00 15.00 MS : 13.90 13.50 NJ : 20.00 14.00 NC : 10.30 10.80 SC : 12.20 12.40 TX : 20.20 16.70 VA : 10.20 12.40 : US : 15.10 15.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Preliminary. Peaches for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, May 1992 - September 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : 1992 : .220 .213 .148 .222 .220 1993 : .288 .220 .191 .190 .226 1994 : .193 .138 .177 .176 .239 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apples for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, July 1992 - December 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound : 1992 : .286 .333 .271 .212 .194 .199 .183 .167 .145 .143 .149 .161 1993 : .178 .244 .241 .211 .193 .186 .187 .178 .166 .156 .144 .135 1994 : .131 .203 .217 .200 .167 .179 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Pears for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, July 1992 - December 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Ton : 1992 : 300 273 364 390 433 391 370 417 412 429 505 538 1993 : 390 344 366 350 330 281 235 220 202 182 172 175 1994 : 326 294 345 256 285 290 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. HDR2012000120010131951500Limes Limes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received by Growers, Florida 1993-94 (Final) and 1994-95 (Preliminary) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1993-94 : 1994-95 Utilization :--------------------------------------------------------- : FOB : Equiv : Equiv : FOB : Equiv : Equiv : Packed : PHD :On-tree : Packed : PHD :On-tree ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box : All : 19.21 13.65 15.90 9.81 Fresh : 34.00 24.40 18.60 28.90 19.30 12.89 Processing : 3.61 -1.19 2.28 -2.52 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Limes: Average Prices and Equivalent Returns, Florida, April 1993 - December 1994 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State, Month : : Equiv PHD : Equiv On-tree and : FOB :------------------------------------------------- Year : Packed : All : Fresh : Proc : All : Fresh : Proc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box : FL : All Limes : Apr 1993 : May : Jun : 25.00 12.45 15.40 3.00 6.89 9.60 -1.80 Jul : 30.00 15.84 20.40 4.00 10.32 14.60 -0.80 Aug : 36.00 20.93 26.40 4.50 15.38 20.60 -0.30 Sep : 32.00 17.80 22.40 4.50 12.25 16.60 -0.30 Oct : 32.00 17.74 22.40 3.00 12.18 16.60 -1.80 Nov : 36.00 20.55 26.40 3.00 15.00 20.60 -1.80 Dec : 40.00 23.55 30.40 3.00 18.00 24.60 -1.80 Jan 1994 : 40.00 23.55 30.40 3.00 18.00 24.60 -1.80 Feb : 40.00 23.55 30.40 3.00 18.00 24.60 -1.80 Mar : 40.00 24.92 30.40 3.00 19.32 24.60 -1.80 Apr : 40.00 30.40 30.40 22.00 22.00 May : 20.00 10.40 10.40 2.00 2.00 Jun : 22.00 9.71 12.40 3.00 4.20 6.60 -1.80 Jul : 32.00 16.53 22.40 2.00 11.02 16.60 -2.80 Aug : 32.00 18.54 22.40 2.00 12.93 16.60 -2.80 Sep : 27.00 13.98 17.40 2.00 8.40 11.60 -2.80 Oct : 27.00 14.32 17.40 2.00 8.72 11.60 -2.80 Nov : 24.00 12.49 14.40 2.00 6.85 8.60 -2.80 Dec : 28.00 18.40 18.40 10.00 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Florida lime sales for April and May 1993 were insufficient to establish a price due to hurricane damage of the crop. HDR2012000120010131951500Parity Prices Parity Prices Parity prices based on data for January 1995 and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed, are presented in the table on page A-56 and A-57. Annual average prices for 1985 through 1994 for use in parity computations, and ten-year averages for 1984-93 and 1985-94 are shown on pages A-56 through A-62. Parity Prices shown on the following pages are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The major provisions of the amended Act relating to the calculation of parity prices are as follows: "(1) (A) The 'parity price' for any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be determined by multiplying the adjusted base price of such commodity as of such date by the parity index as of such date. "(B) The 'adjusted base price' of any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be (i) the average of the prices received by farmers for such commodity, at such time as the Secretary may select during each year of the ten-year period ending on the 31st of December last before such date, or during each marketing season beginning in such period if the Secretary determines use of a calendar year basis to be impracticable, divided by (ii) the ratio of the general level of prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(C) The 'parity index', as of any date, shall be the ratio of (i) the general level of prices for articles and services that farmers buy, wages paid hired farm labor, interest on farm indebtedness secured by farm real estate, and taxes on farm real estate, for the calendar month ending last before such date to (ii) the general level of such prices, wages, rates, and taxes during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(D) The prices and indexes provided for herein, and the data used in computing them, shall be determined by the Secretary, whose determination shall be final." Section 301(a) (1) (F) outlines authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to make special adjustments in the method of computing parity prices for particular commodities if the method outlined in the Act results in parity prices seriously out of line with those of other commodities. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 1995 this is the 1985-94 average). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, Including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-14=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, U.S. parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. The indexes used in the computation of parity prices are published currently in "Agricultural Prices". For the purpose of illustrating the computation of parity prices, the calculation of the parity price for corn based on data for January 1994 is given below. The 120-month, January 1985-December 1994 average of prices received by farmers for corn was $2.73 per bushel, adjusted to allow for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. The 120-month average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans, etc., was 660 (1910-14=100). Dividing $2.73 by 6.60 gives $.414 per bushel, the adjusted base price which is multiplied by 1397 percent, the Parity Index (1910-14=100), based on data for January 1995. This gives $5.78 per bushel, the parity price of corn during February 1995. The Parity Ratio The parity ratio (the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the products they sell divided by the Parity Index (1910-14=100) provides an indication of the per unit purchasing power of farm commodities generally in terms of the goods and services currently bought by farmers, in relation to purchasing power of farm products in the 1910-14 base period. Thus, a Parity Ratio less than 100 indicates that the average per unit purchasing power of all farm products is lower than during the 1910-14 period. The parity ratio is a measure of price relationships; not a measure of farm income, farmers' total purchasing power, or farmers' welfare. The latter depends upon a number of factors other than price relationships, such as changes in production efficiency and technology, quantities of farm products sold, and supplementary income, including that from off-farm jobs and federal programs. An adjusted parity ratio is computed and published which incorporates supplementary income for federal farm programs. A "preliminary adjusted parity ratio reflecting government payments" based on the forecast of direct government payments for the year is published each quarter in "Agricultural Prices". HDR2012000120010131951500Prices Received by Farmers Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1985 : 1986 : 1987 : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 579 554 563 627 659 660 632 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 2.49 1.96 1.56 2.27 2.43 2.40 2.33 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.561 0.548 0.596 0.575 0.595 0.648 0.655 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb: 0.918 0.899 1.040 1.180 0.971 1.060 0.970 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.290 1.065 1.110 1.508 1.624 1.811 1.602 Wheat, Bu : 3.20 2.71 2.55 3.33 3.88 2.98 2.74 Rice, Cwt : 7.80 5.00 4.59 7.82 7.03 6.89 7.34 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 12.70 12.50 12.50 12.20 13.60 13.70 12.20 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 2.10 1.71 1.77 2.38 2.55 2.21 2.07 Dry Beans, Cwt : 18.50 17.90 17.70 22.40 29.70 27.40 17.60 Flaxseed, Bu : 5.95 4.29 3.21 5.85 7.34 6.86 4.09 Hay, Baled, Ton : 69.90 61.60 62.40 77.30 89.20 85.30 74.70 Oats, Bu : 1.42 1.13 1.51 2.26 1.87 1.27 1.15 Rye, Bu : 2.03 1.48 1.62 2.52 2.06 2.09 2.20 Sorghum, Cwt : 3.97 3.11 2.56 3.66 3.90 3.87 3.96 Soybeans, Bu : 5.42 5.00 5.08 7.21 6.63 5.82 5.60 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 14.10 10.70 11.60 13.00 16.40 9.70 13.30 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.147 0.199 0.176 0.164 0.146 0.167 0.230 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 54.00 52.80 61.40 66.80 69.70 74.80 72.90 Calves, Cwt : 62.40 60.90 78.10 89.90 91.80 96.50 99.90 Eggs, Doz : 0.574 0.612 0.531 0.533 0.700 0.704 0.660 Hogs, Cwt : 43.90 50.10 50.80 42.50 43.20 54.00 48.80 Lambs, Cwt : 68.10 69.10 77.90 69.50 67.30 56.00 52.50 Sheep, Cwt : 24.90 26.30 30.40 27.10 27.00 23.80 20.40 Turkeys, Lb : 0.466 0.472 0.444 0.343 0.369 0.400 0.384 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-66. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 1985-94 Average : : : :1984-93 :--------------------- Commodity and Unit : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 :Average : As :For Parity : : : : :Computed:Purposes 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 626 642 634 618 618 660 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 2.29 2.22 2.41 2.30 2.24 2.73 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.532 0.538 0.662 0.590 0.591 0.748 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb: 0.788 0.870 0.961 0.962 0.966 0.969 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.470 1.430 1.426 1.423 1.434 Wheat, Bu : 3.41 3.21 3.52 3.15 3.15 4.03 Rice, Cwt : 7.03 6.01 8.27 6.79 6.79 11.30 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 13.10 12.80 13.00 12.90 12.80 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 2.09 1.98 2.02 2.13 2.09 2.44 Dry Beans, Cwt : 17.60 20.70 24.60 21.00 21.40 Flaxseed, Bu : 3.75 4.25 4.50 5.21 5.01 Hay, Baled, Ton : 71.90 82.30 88.50 75.00 76.30 Oats, Bu : 1.36 1.40 1.29 1.51 1.47 1.52 Rye, Bu : 2.38 2.63 2.70 1.73 1.81 Sorghum, Cwt : 3.87 3.66 3.96 3.72 3.65 4.22 Soybeans, Bu : 5.56 6.04 6.11 5.94 5.85 5.84 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 12.20 15.10 15.10 9.10 9.00 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.248 0.183 0.172 0.181 0.183 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 71.30 73.40 66.60 65.50 66.40 Calves, Cwt : 89.40 95.90 87.20 82.50 85.20 Eggs, Doz : 0.564 0.629 0.609 0.621 0.612 Hogs, Cwt : 42.00 45.20 39.50 46.80 46.00 Lambs, Cwt : 60.80 64.60 64.80 64.60 65.10 67.10 Sheep, Cwt : 26.90 29.50 31.20 25.30 26.70 Turkeys, Lb : 0.377 0.376 0.390 0.402 0.396 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-66. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1985 : 1986 : 1987 : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.244 0.292 0.280 0.280 0.280 0.347 0.283 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.719 1.527 1.587 1.613 1.674 1.673 1.723 Type 21 : 1.240 1.278 1.315 1.482 1.537 1.602 1.526 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 1.492 1.445 1.515 2.207 1.990 1.952 2.134 Burley, Type 31 : 1.594 1.565 1.563 1.610 1.672 1.753 1.788 Types 35-36 : 1.263 1.201 1.304 1.628 1.701 1.863 1.840 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.000 1.242 1.025 1.239 1.351 1.456 1.434 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 0.710 0.660 0.720 1.040 1.270 1.390 1.430 Cigar Filler & Binder: Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.016 0.932 1.000 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.550 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : 0.722 0.722 0.747 0.731 Types 51-52 : 1.775 1.775 1.700 1.700 1.800 2.500 2.600 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.653 0.511 0.503 0.500 0.498 0.537 0.556 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 0.633 0.668 0.917 1.380 1.240 0.800 0.550 Mohair, Lb : 3.45 2.51 2.63 1.89 1.58 0.93 1.28 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton :66.00 80.00 82.50 118.00 105.00 121.00 71.00 Hops, Lb : 2.030 1.780 1.510 1.400 1.380 1.480 1.680 Peppermint Oil, Lb :10.20 10.70 11.70 15.90 13.10 13.90 13.30 Potatoes, Cwt : 3.92 5.03 4.38 6.02 7.36 6.08 4.96 Spearmint Oil, Lb :11.70 11.40 12.10 12.80 13.90 14.90 13.90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-66. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : : : : :1984-93 : 1985-94 Commodity and Unit : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 :Average : Average : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.300 0.304 0.291 0.289 0.290 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.726 1.681 1.703 1.673 1.663 Type 21 : 1.615 1.719 1.611 1.449 1.493 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 2.173 2.194 2.184 1.866 1.929 Burley, Type 31 : 1.815 1.816 1.844 1.705 1.702 Types 35-36 : 1.694 1.715 1.790 1.549 1.600 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.380 1.521 1.476 1.259 1.312 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 1.150 0.950 1.100 1.022 1.042 Cigar Filler & Binder : Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.487 1.432 1.450 1.275 1.312 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : 0.729 Types 51-52 : 2.800 3.000 3.050 2.133 2.270 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.550 0.544 6/ 0.551 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 0.740 0.510 6/ 0.823 Mohair, Lb : 0.86 0.82 6/ 2.03 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton : 97.50 113.00 101.00 95.00 96.00 Hops, Lb : 1.740 1.760 1.810 1.69 1.66 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 12.80 13.30 14.60 12.60 13.00 Potatoes, Cwt : 5.52 6.18 5.36 5.51 5.48 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 12.80 12.30 12.30 12.80 12.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes on page A-66. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1985 : 1986 : 1987 : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 12.65 13.10 15.50 21.20 21.70 21.00 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 4.29 4.94 5.43 4.41 5.86 5.55 Lemons : 9.19 3.55 6.89 8.74 12.02 12.00 Limes (FL) : 7.94 8.57 12.69 11.29 8.26 13.99 Oranges : 4.27 5.39 7.18 7.08 6.13 6.79 Tangerines : 10.88 10.46 13.29 12.61 15.80 16.69 Temples : 3.01 3.60 5.69 5.46 5.64 6.31 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 103.00 116.00 79.30 123.00 107.00 144.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 819.00 1320.00 1010.00 1000.00 1070.00 960.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) : 1530.00 1840.00 2450.00 2100.00 1890.00 1950.00 Excl Dried : 210.00 269.00 285.00 282.00 284.00 276.00 Avocados, Ton : 953.00 344.00 1030.00 1140.00 1800.00 1320.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 799.00 823.00 748.00 788.00 713.00 894.00 Tart, Lb : 0.224 0.203 0.078 0.187 0.145 0.181 Cranberries, Bbl : 46.30 44.70 44.50 45.70 44.00 46.10 Dates (CA) Ton : 860.00 828.00 872.00 896.00 1040.00 820.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 612.00 757.00 817.00 898.00 977.00 903.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 186.00 241.00 279.00 303.00 354.00 335.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 813.00 1030.00 710.00 760.00 400.00 415.00 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : 330.00 445.00 344.00 Processing 11/ 20/ : 41.50 35.00 26.00 Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 16.00 17.00 15.00 13.00 12.00 10.90 Excl Crushed : 594.00 619.00 635.00 535.00 489.00 440.00 Canning 13/ : 660.00 709.00 702.00 603.00 563.00 553.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-66. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : : : : : : :1984-93 : 1985-94 Commodity and Unit : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 :Average : Average : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 18.00 17.00 17.00 17.80 17.00 17.50 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 6.20 2.88 3.40 6/ 4.69 Lemons : 9.13 6.15 5.64 6/ 7.72 Limes (FL) : 9.12 1.02 13.65 9.81 9.38 9.63 Oranges : 5.52 3.88 4.66 6/ 5.83 Tangerines : 14.77 12.08 10.49 6/ 12.92 Temples : 6.51 2.99 3.49 6/ 4.83 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 171.00 130.00 107.00 6/ 119.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ :1250.00 980.00 1140.00 950.00 1040.00 1050.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) :2110.00 1960.00 2320.00 1890.00 1990.00 2000.00 Excl Dried : 289.00 286.00 271.00 307.00 273.00 276.00 Avocados, Ton :1060.00 405.00 1780.00 6/ 1040.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 968.00 915.00 1190.00 1040.00 845.00 888.00 Tart, Lb : 0.464 0.176 0.118 6/ 0.203 Cranberries, Bbl : 49.00 51.60 50.20 6/ 46.90 Dates (CA) Ton : 970.00 1060.00 980.00 1190.00 912.00 952.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 963.00 911.00 937.00 833.00 841.00 861.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 351.00 334.00 378.00 357.00 296.00 312.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 820.00 290.00 370.00 6/ 667.80 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : 394.00 391.00 Processing 11/ 20/ : 39.60 35.10 Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 10.30 10.50 10.50 10.50 12.90 12.60 Excl Crushed : 574.00 568.00 488.00 506.00 551.00 545.00 Canning 13/ : 631.00 676.00 558.00 572.00 627.00 623.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes on page A-66. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : : : : :1984-93 : 1985-94 Commodity and Unit : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 :Average : Average : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Papayas (HI), Fresh, Lb : 0.250 0.232 0.240 0.221 0.231 : Peaches : Fresh, Lb 14/ : 0.281 0.277 0.252 0.266 0.271 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA), Ton : 893.00 713.00 856.00 905.00 901.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone CA, Ton : 215.00 218.00 180.00 201.00 201.00 Freestone, Ton : 188.00 187.00 187.00 175.00 178.00 : Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 378.00 280.00 231.00 334.00 327.00 Processing, Ton 11/ : Dried (CA) :1130.00 970.00 927.00 857.00 881.00 Excluding Dried : 221.00 206.00 191.00 197.00 199.00 : Plums (CA), Ton : Fresh 20/ : 332.00 343.00 Processing 20/ : 22.10 22.50 : Prunes,Dried, CA, Ton 11/ :1030.00 1160.00 6/ 849.00 : Prunes&Plums, Ex CA, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 346.00 296.00 367.00 369.00 370.00 Processing 11/ : 132.00 153.00 113.00 129.00 126.00 : Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 15/ 16/ : 0.614 0.541 0.602 0.551 0.562 Processing : 0.247 0.284 0.291 0.257 0.267 : Sugar Crops, Ton 17/ : Sugarbeets : 41.40 39.00 6/ 38.70 Sugarcane : 28.10 28.50 6/ 28.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes on page A-66. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1985-94 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1985 : 1986 : 1987 : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Tree Nuts 18/ : Almonds, Lb : 0.800 1.920 1.000 1.050 1.020 0.930 Filberts, Ton : 680.00 726.00 959.00 853.00 820.00 784.00 Pecans, All, Ton : 1360.00 1440.00 1060.00 1080.00 1430.00 2420.00 Walnuts, Ton : 798.00 1080.00 984.00 922.00 1070.00 1040.00 : Vegetables,Fresh, Cwt 15/: Asparagus : 79.30 70.60 65.60 70.50 68.20 68.60 Broccoli 19/ : 22.50 20.80 21.90 24.00 21.00 22.30 Carrots 19/ : 9.01 10.80 8.66 10.50 10.30 9.37 Cauliflower 19/ : 25.40 25.50 25.40 25.70 26.10 24.20 Celery 19/ : 10.30 12.00 11.10 11.90 13.20 10.80 Honeydew Melons : 12.20 12.70 14.40 14.40 12.10 18.00 Lettuce : 10.80 12.00 14.70 14.70 12.60 11.50 Onions 19/ : 9.08 11.10 12.50 9.75 11.40 10.50 Sweet Corn : 12.70 13.90 12.90 14.80 16.90 15.00 Tomatoes : 24.10 25.10 25.90 27.10 33.10 27.30 : Vegetables, Proc, Ton 11/: Asparagus : 938.00 927.00 932.00 1010.00 955.00 987.00 Green Peas : 240.00 226.00 224.00 234.00 238.00 249.00 Snap Beans : 169.00 160.00 160.00 168.00 174.00 183.00 Sweet Corn : 63.40 58.90 59.30 60.80 66.90 69.60 Tomatoes : 66.30 63.90 59.10 60.70 69.30 67.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-66. -- continued HDR2012000120010131951500Reliability Reliability of Prices Received by Farmers Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices" and in the annual summary published in August. A schedule of monthly revisions is published in the December issue of "Agricultural Prices" and in the August annual summary. Reliability: U.S. price estimates generally have a sampling error of less than one half percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of prices received estimates for major grain commodities, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown in the table on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the 5-month corn price is 0.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current 5-month price of $2.47 per bushel will not be above or below the final 5-month price by more than 0.2 percent, or about half of a cent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90% confidence interval) that the difference will not exceed 0.3 percent, or about three-fourths of a penny. Reliability of Five-Month Prices Received Estimates 1983 - 1992 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Root Mean Square Error :: 10-Year Record of :-----------------------:: Differences Between : :90% Confidence :: Preliminary and Final : : Level ::-------------------------------------- Commodity :Percent:---------------:: Dollars : No. of Years : : : ::-------------------------------------- : :Percent:Dollars:: : : : Below : Above : : : :: Avg : Min : Max : Final : Final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Corn : .2 .3 .008 .001 .000 .010 0 1 Wheat : .1 .2 .007 .002 .000 -.010 2 0 Sorghum : .2 .3 .007 .002 .000 -.010 1 1 Barley : .5 .9 .020 .006 .000 .030 1 2 Oats : 1.4 2.5 .035 .010 .000 .060 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Five-month prices received estimates represent weighted average prices for the first five months of the marketing year. For corn and sorghum the five month period is September-January. For wheat, barley, and oats the five month period is August-October. HDR2012000120010131951500Prices Paid Prices Paid The January Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 107 (1990-92=100), up 1 point (0.9 percent) from both January and October 1994. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for January 1995, at 105, was unchanged from October 1994. The index was down 1 point (0.9 percent) from January a year ago. Since October 1994, prices were higher for nearly all production inputs except fuels and feed. Inputs with the largest price increases were feeder cattle, feeder pigs, fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, and farm machinery. Livestock and Poultry: The January 1995 livestock and poultry index rose 5.7 percent since October 1994 to 92. The index was 8.0 percent lower than a year earlier. January feeder cattle prices, at $78.60 per cwt, were up $4.30 from October. Feeder pig prices averaged $56.00 per cwt, an increase of $10.50 from the previous quarter. Fuels: The fuels index, at 82, dropped 5.7 percent from October 1994 but remained 9.3 percent above January a year ago. The gasoline index was down 13.9 percent from October and the diesel index was off 5.1 percent. Fertilizer: At 114, the January fertilizer index was up 2.7 percent since October 1994 and 14.0 percent from a year earlier. The nitrogen materials index had the greatest upward influence for the quarter with a 5.0 percent increase. The January phosphate materials and N-P mixtures indexes were up 3.3 and 0.9 percent, respectively. Agricultural Chemicals: The January 1995 agricultural chemicals index was 116, a 1.8 percent increase from October last year and 5.5 percent higher than the previous January. The largest contribution to the increase was the herbicide index which rose 3.7 percent since October 1994. Farm Machinery: The farm machinery index for January 1995 was up 0.9 percent for the quarter to 109. The index level was unchanged from the previous year. Consumer Price Index: The December 1994 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) before seasonal adjustment was unchanged from November, remaining at 149.7 (1982-84=100). The October index was 149.5. For the 12-month period ending in December, the overall index increased 2.7 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, January 1995, With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1994 :1995 : 1994 :1995 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : Ann : : : : Ann : : : : Avg : Jan : Oct : Jan : Avg : Jan: Oct : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Paid by Farmers for : : Commodities & Services, : : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : : Rates (PPITW) :1394 1394 1386 1397 : 106 106 106 107 Production :1027 1029 1014 1016 : 106 106 105 105 Feed : 514 534 481 470 : 105 109 98 96 Livestock and Poultry :1208 1280 1111 1171 : 95 100 87 92 Seeds :1083 1058 1091 1091 : 109 107 110 110 Fertilizer : 388 365 405 416 : 106 100 111 114 Agricultural Chemicals : 694 681 703 717 : 112 110 114 116 Fuels : 647 580 674 633 : 84 75 87 82 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 778 768 789 786 : 110 108 111 111 Autos & Trucks :3060 3050 3074 3166 : 115 115 116 119 Farm Machinery :2754 2726 2698 2729 : 110 109 108 109 Building Materials :1483 1467 1502 1518 : 109 108 111 112 Farm Services & Rent :1337 1334 1349 1357 : -- -- -- -- Farm Services : -- -- -- -- : 112 112 113 114 Rent : -- -- -- -- : 108 108 108 108 Interest 1/ :2310 2310 2310 2545 : 92 92 92 101 Taxes 2/ :3002 3002 3002 3091 : 112 112 112 115 Wage Rates :4140 4225 4174 4174 : 111 113 112 112 Production, Interest, Taxes, : : & Wage Rates (PITW) :1417 1421 1403 1428 : 106 106 104 106 Family Living-CPI 3/ :1402 1385 1419 1420 : 110 108 111 111 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Parity Ratio 4/ : 46 48 44 44 : Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : 48 50 46 47 : PPITW Adjusted for : : Productivity 6/ : 934 936 939 958 : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crop Sector (PPITW) : : 108 106 108 109 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : : 105 106 103 104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Farm Sector (Production) : : 102 106 96 96 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : : 108 106 109 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Prices Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of Prices Received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.058 for 1995 and the revised factor is 1.045 for 1994. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights For Selected Production Input Sub-Components United States, January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Relative Weights : Input Indexes : :----------------------------- Index :5-Year Moving Average: 1994 : 1995 :--------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 :Ann Avg : Jan : Oct : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --- Percent --- ----- (1990-92=100) --- : Production Items : 66.4 66.3 106 106 105 105 : Feed : 11.9 11.5 105 109 98 96 Complete Feeds : 5.3 5.0 106 109 102 99 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.1 103 115 88 93 Hay/Forages : 1.3 1.3 111 110 109 109 Concentrates : 1.9 1.8 106 112 96 84 Supplements : 1.3 1.3 97 97 92 91 Livestock & Poultry : 8.5 8.4 95 100 87 92 Feeder Cattle : 6.6 6.5 95 102 88 93 Milk Cow Replacements : .7 .7 103 103 103 102 Feeder Pigs : .7 .7 73 73 49 61 Poultry : .5 .5 105 109 104 104 Seeds : 2.7 2.7 109 107 110 110 Field Crops : 2.4 2.4 109 106 110 110 Grasses/Legumes : .3 .3 113 112 114 114 Fertilizer : 4.9 4.7 106 100 111 114 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.1 101 97 102 103 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.0 114 106 123 129 Potash & Potassium : .8 .6 97 89 100 103 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.2 3.4 112 110 114 116 Herbicides : 2.0 2.1 110 108 111 115 Insecticides : .8 .8 117 115 120 120 Fungicides/Other : .4 .5 114 112 116 116 Fuels : 2.9 2.9 84 75 87 82 Diesel : 1.6 1.6 82 76 85 81 LP Gas : .3 .3 86 81 85 92 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 85 72 92 80 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.5 5.4 110 108 111 111 Supplies : 1.9 1.8 106 106 107 107 Repairs : 3.6 3.6 111 109 113 112 Autos and Trucks : 1.4 1.4 115 115 116 119 Autos : .2 .2 111 110 114 117 Trucks : 1.2 1.2 116 115 116 120 Farm Machinery : 4.6 4.5 110 109 108 109 Self-Propelled : 1.8 1.8 110 110 106 109 Tractors : 1.0 1.0 110 108 109 110 Other Machinery : 1.8 1.7 109 108 108 110 Building Materials : 2.3 2.5 109 108 111 112 Farm Services : 10.8 11.1 112 112 113 114 Custom Rates : 1.1 1.1 104 105 104 104 Other Services : 9.7 10.0 113 113 114 115 Rent : 7.7 7.8 108 108 108 108 Cash : 3.5 3.5 115 115 115 115 Share : 4.2 4.3 102 102 102 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feed Price Ratios: With Comparisons, United States, January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1994 : 1995 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :---------------------------- : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight : 3.0 3.3 3.3 Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in value : to 1 dozen eggs : 5.7 6.2 7.3 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight : 16.1 *14.5 16.4 Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk : 1.43 1.46 1.43 : Steer-Heifer-Feed-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : 27.1 *31.9 32.9 Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 2.9 3.3 3.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Effective January 1995, commercial feed prices (except corn) are surveyed only in April. * Revised. Feeder Livestock and Poultry: Prices Paid, With Comparisons United States, January 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1994 : 1995 Item : Unit :------------------------------------------ : : Jan : Oct : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars Broiler Chicks 1/ : Per 100 : Egg-Type Chicks 1/ : " : Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 86.30 *74.30 78.60 Pigs : " : 67.50 45.50 56.00 Turkey Poults 1/ : Each : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Quarterly prices discontinued January 1994. Annual averge data are published in April. * Revised. Feeder Pigs: Prices Paid, 16-Major States, November 1994 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : Dollars Per Cwt : : State : Dollars Per Cwt ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : GA : 52.50 : : MO : 41.00 IL : 55.00 : : NE : 58.00 IN : 56.00 : : NC : 56.00 IA : 49.00 : : OH : 47.00 KS : 52.00 : : PA : 60.00 KY : 37.50 : : SD : 55.50 MI : 51.00 : : TN : 39.00 MN : 52.00 : : WI : 45.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on survey data reported by producers for entire month, except Kentucky where administrative data are used. Index of Prices Received by Farmers and Ratio to Prices Paid by Farmers, United States, 1993-94, by Months and Years, Revised ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1990-92=100 : 1910-14=100 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Prices Rec.: : Prices Rec.: : Adjusted : All Farm : : All Farm : Parity : Parity : Products : Ratio 1/ : Products : Ratio 1/ : Ratio 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Jan : 97 105 94 99 617 664 46 48 49 50 Feb : 98 104 95 98 623 663 46 48 50 50 Mar : 99 105 96 99 632 664 47 48 51 50 Apr : 104 102 100 95 661 651 49 46 52 48 May : 103 101 99 94 655 643 48 46 52 48 Jun : 101 100 97 93 640 635 47 45 51 47 Jul : 101 97 99 92 639 615 47 44 51 46 Aug : 102 97 99 92 647 617 48 44 52 46 Sep : 102 97 99 92 649 614 48 44 52 46 Oct : 101 95 97 90 642 605 47 44 51 46 Nov : 102 95 98 93 650 605 48 44 51 46 Dec : 103 99 99 92 654 626 48 45 52 47 Annual : 101 100 98 94 642 634 47 46 51 48 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, United States, 1993-94 by Months and Years, Revised ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities and : : Month : Services, Interest, : Production, Interest, : Production Items : Taxes and Wage Rates : Taxes and Wage Rates : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 : 1993 : 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1910-14=100 : Jan : 1346 1394 1369 1421 991 1029 Apr : 1361 1408 1384 1436 1004 1043 Jul : 1350 1388 1371 1409 998 1023 Oct : 1363 1386 1384 1403 1006 1014 : Annual : 1355 1394 1377 1417 1000 1027 : 1990-92=100 : Jan : 103 106 102 106 102 106 Apr : 104 107 103 107 104 108 Jul : 103 106 102 105 103 105 Oct : 104 106 103 104 104 105 : Annual : 103 106 103 106 103 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Index of Prices Received by Farmers divided by index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates (PPITW), expressed as a percentage. For nonquarterly months, the most recent index of the Prices Paid Index is used. 2/ Index of Prices Received adjusted for government payments. Index of Prices Paid by Farmers: Annual Averages, Revised, United States, 1990-1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Index : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1910-14=100 : Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, Interest, : Taxes, and Wage Rates (PPITW) : (Parity Index 1910-14=100) : 1293 1316 1329 1355 1394 : Production Items : 958 972 979 1000 1027 : Interest : 2685 2516 2321 2195 2310 : Taxes : 2543 2707 2789 2862 3002 : Wage Rates : 3583 3757 3930 4054 4140 : Production Items, Interest, : Taxes, and Wage Rates (PITW) : 1332 1347 1353 1377 1417 : : : : 1990-92=100 : Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, Interest, : Taxes, and Wage Rates (PPITW) : 99 100 101 103 106 : Production Items : 99 100 101 103 106 : Interest : 107 100 93 88 92 : Taxes : 95 101 104 107 112 : Wage Rates : 96 100 105 108 111 : Production Items, Interest, : Taxes, and Wage Rates (PITW) : 99 100 101 103 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HDR2012000120010131951500Prices Paid by Farmers Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from a representative panel of goods and services purchased by farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are contacted from sampled lists by type of item sold with an average response rate of around 80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed annually in April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate April prices paid surveys are conducted for feed, fertilizer, fuels, agricultural chemicals, farm machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April prices paid survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid surveys were discontinued effective January 1995 for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers. Selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes, which cover a broader array of products purchased by farmers, will measure price changes for these components. These prices paid indexes will be updated for the January, April, July, and October quarters based on price changes measured in current BLS indexes. Prices paid surveys for agricultural chemicals, feed, fertilizer, fuels, farm machinery, and seed are surveyed annually in April. In January, July, and October selected BLS indexes will measure price changes for these components except seed. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the quarterly (January, April, July, and October) and annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. Reliability: Current methods of annual summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative............... A-2 Cows, Beef............. A-18 Price Indexes........... A-3 Cows, Milk............. A-21 Prices Received Eggs................... A-20 U.S. Summary.......... A-6-7 Flaxseed............... A-14 Selected Commodities.. A-12 Fruit, Citrus.......... A-16 Upland Cotton and Rice Hay.................... A-15 Prices and Marketings. A-15 All Hogs............... A-19 Parity Prices........... A-22-23 Lambs.................. A-20 Reliability Statement... A-79-80 Milk................... A-21 Oats................... A-13 Peanuts................ A-14 Monthly State Prices Potatoes............... A-17 Sheep.................. A-20 Apples.................. A-15 Sorghum, Grain......... A-13 Barley.................. A-13 Soybeans............... A-13 Barrows and Gilts....... A-19 Sows................... A-19 Beans, Dry Edible....... A-14 Sunflower.............. A-14 Beef Cattle............. A-18 Steers and Heifers..... A-18 Broilers................ A-20 Tobacco................ A-14 Calves.................. A-18 Turkeys................ A-20 Corn.................... A-13 Wheat.................. A-12 Cotton.................. A-15 Cottonseed.............. A-15 SPECIAL FEATURES Apples: Prices Received, Monthly, July 1992-December 1994; Peaches, May 1992-September 1994; Pears, July 1992-December 1994 ........... A-42 Cotton: Average Prices Received, U.S., January 1994-December 1994 ... A-24 Field Crops: Revised Monthly and Marketing Year Averages, by State, 1993-94 and U.S., 1989-94 ......................................... A-25-40 Index of Prices Received, Major Groups, Monthly and Annual, 1975-94.. A-68-70 Index of Prices Received, All Groups, Monthly and Annual, 1991-94.... A-71-78 Limes: Marketing Year Average and Monthly Prices Received, Florida, Final, 1993-94 and Preliminary 1994-95 .................. A-43 Oilseeds, Special: Price Per Cwt, United States, 1992-1994 .......... A-25 Potatoes: Prices Received by Farmers, Monthly and Marketing Year Average by State and U.S., 1994; .................................. A-41 Rice: 5-Month Marketing Year Average Prices Received, U.S., August 1994-December 1994 ......................................... A-24 Sweetpotatoes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received 1993 and 1994 ..................................................... A-42 Vegetables, Fresh Market: Revised Monthly Prices Received, 1992-94 .. A-44-51 Parity Prices Authority for Parity Prices, Method of Computation, and Prices ..... A-52-56 Annual Average Prices Received for Parity Computations, U.S., by Years, 1985-94 ................................................ A-57-66 Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk ............... A-67 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative ..................................................... B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios ..................................... B-2-3 Charts ..................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios .................................................. B-7 Reliability Statement ......................................... B-23-24 U.S. Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry .............................. B-7 State Average Prices: Feeder Pigs ............................................... B-7 Special Features: Index of Prices Received and Ratios, by Months, 1993-94 ... B-8 Index, of Prices Paid, PPITW, PITW, Production Items,1993-94 B-8 Index of Prices Paid, Annual Averages, 1990-94 ............ B-9 Index of Prices Paid Quarterly and Annual Averages, 1975-94 B-10-18 Prices Paid Program Schedule .............................. B-19 Prices Paid Indexes, 1995 Publication Schedule ............ B-20 Prices Paid Regions ........................................ B-21-22 Index of Prices Paid, 1910-14=100 and 1990-92=100: PPITW, PITW, Production Items, 1993-94 ..................... B-8 Annual Averages, 1991-1994 ................................. B-9 PPITW, PITW, Production Items, 1975-94, Quarterly ........... B-10-12 Component Items, Interest, Taxes, Wage Rates, Origin, and Ratios, 1991-94, Quarterly ................................. B-13-18 Report Features The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on February 28, 1995. Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Economic Statistics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Economic Statistics Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Commodity Prices Section (Prices Received) Herb Vanderberry, Head - Prices Received Indexes (202) 720-5446 James Hand - Potatoes, Hogs, Sheep & Lambs, Milk, Wool (202) 690-3236 Gail Hanneman - Grains, Oilseeds, Hay (202) 690-0270 Debra Kenerson - Cattle, Cotton, Poultry (202) 690-3234 Doug Rundle - Fruits, Vegetables, Peanuts, Tobacco, Sugar Crops (202) 690-3231 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Douglas Kleweno, Head (202) 720-4214 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Paid Indexes, Building Materials, Fertilizer (202) 690-3226 Eddie Oaks - Grazing Fees, Feed, Autos & Trucks, Seeds, Pesticides (202) 720-1790 Jim Williams - Motor Supplies, Farm Supplies, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios (202) 690-3225 **************************** Program Change ***************************** Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices received and paid by farmers indexes. A Federal Register notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the fixed 1971- 73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes required by statute for computing parity prices were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying a price ratio by a weight. The price ratio is the current price divided by the base period price. The weight is a five-year moving average, adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes. ******************************************************************************* The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office of Communications at (202) 720-5881 (voice) or (202) 720-7808 (TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA, Washington, D.C., 20250, or call (202) 720-7327 (voice) or (202) 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer.