HDR1012000120010531961500Agricultural Prices Released May 31, 1996 by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" call (202) 720-5446, office hours 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET. For assistance with general agricultural statistics, information about NASS, its products or services, contact the NASS Information Hotline at 1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@NASS.USDA.GOV Prices Received Index Rises 4 Points The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in May was a record 112 based on 1990-92=100, up 4 points (3.7 percent) from April. Price gains from April for corn, hogs, broilers, and wheat more than offset price declines for tomatoes, cucumbers, eggs, and carrots. The seasonal changes in the mix of commodities farmers sell also affect the overall index level. The mixture of commodities sold in May indicates relatively more wheat, fruits, and vegetables and less milk and meat animals resulting in an upward influence on the index. These changes contributed one point of the four point increase in the overall index. Compared with May 1995, the All Farm Products Index was 12 points (12 percent) higher. Price increases from May 1995 for corn, hogs, wheat, and milk more than offset price decreases for lettuce, cattle, strawberries, and calves. Prices Paid Index Up 1 Point The Index of Prices Paid by Farmers for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates for May was 115 percent of its 1990-92 average. The index was up 1 point (0.9 percent) from April and 6 points (5.5 percent) since May last year. Prices were higher in May for feed, fuels, and feeder cattle purchased. Index Summary Table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 Index :----------------------------------------------------- 1990-92=100 : Apr : May : Apr : May ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Prices Received : 99 : 100 : 108 : 112 : : : : Prices Paid 1/ : 109 : 109 : 114 : 115 : : : : Ratio 2/ : 91 : 92 : 95 : 97 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices paid indexes (1990-92=100) published monthly beginning January 1996. Indexes for 1995 were constructed for historical comparison. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. The National Agricultural Statistics Service will not publish revised adjusted base prices used in parity calculations in the July 1996 "Agricultural Prices". Historically, the July revisions of the January adjusted base prices have been nominal. Monthly parity prices will continue to be published. Pr 1 (5-96) Prices Received by Farmers The All Farm Products, All Crops, Feed Grains & Hay, and Food Grains Indexes all reached record high levels in May. The May All Farm Products Index was a record 112 percent of its 1990-92 base, up 3.7 percent from April and 12 percent above May 1995. All Crops: The May index was a record 132, up 3.1 percent from April and 13 percent above May 1995. Price gains from April for food and feed grains, oilseeds, and most fruits more than offset declines for potatoes, cotton, and several vegetables. Feed Grains & Hay: The May index was a record 174, up 9.4 percent from the previous month and 61 percent from May 1995. Prices were higher for all feed grains and hay. The May corn price averaged $4.26 per bushel and the sorghum price averaged $7.98 per cwt, both new record highs. May barley prices averaged $3.40 per bushel, the highest since November 1974. Strong export demand and tight suppplies continue to support feed grain prices. Food Grains: The May index was a record 185, up 10 percent from the previous month and 55 percent from May 1995. Wheat prices averaged 49 cents higher at $5.81 per bushel, a new record high. The May rice price rose 11 cents to $9.45 per cwt. The lower 1996 initial forecast of U.S. wheat production and smaller ending stocks supported wheat prices. Expectations of relatively strong export demand for high-quality long and medium grain rice, rising domestic use, and high prices of other grains combined to support rice prices. Fruit & Nuts: The May fruit and nuts index, at 115, increased 14 percent from the previous month and 16 percent from May 1995. The higher citrus prices contributed most to the increased index. Higher prices for Florida's processed oranges boosted the all orange price. Valencia harvest in Florida and California dominated marketings in May. Commercial Vegetables: The May index of 102 was 14 percent below April and 35 percent below last year. Lower prices for tomatoes, cucumbers, carrots, and sweetcorn more than offset gains in other vegetables to move the index lower. Contributing most to the monthly index decline was the lower tomato price, reflecting increased supplies seasonally. Onion prices were stable as new crop supplies became available. Oil-Bearing Crops: The May index, at 137, was up 3.8 percent from April and the highest since August 1988. The May soybean price increased 24 cents per bushel from April to $7.67, while sunflowers increased 90 cents per cwt to $13.40. The prospects for tight soybean supplies going into the 1996/97 crop year and expectations of continued strong demand have kept prices high. Livestock & Products: The May index, at 96, was up 3.2 percent from April and 9.1 percent above a year earlier. Hog, broiler, and cattle prices were up from April while egg prices were down. Meat Animals: The May index, at 85, was up 4.9 percent from April and 3.7 percent from a year ago. The May hog price, at $57.20 per cwt, was up $7.50 from April and over $20 higher than last year. Hog prices were at their highest level since May 1990, reflecting lower production, continued strong foreign demand, and a boost from fast food sales. The May all beef cattle price, at $55.50 per cwt, rebounded slightly from six consecutive months of declining prices, but was still down $5.30 from last year. Hog prices had not been above beef cattle prices in ten years. Poultry & Eggs: The May index, at 115, was up 2.7 percent from April and 17 percent above May 1995. Increases in broiler and turkey prices from the previous month more than offset a decrease in market egg prices. A strong export market during the first quarter of 1996 has helped sustain poultry prices well above year ago levels. Market egg prices, at 58.0 cents per dozen, fell to their lowest level of the year, but were still almost 15 cents per dozen higher than May 1995. Index Numbers of Prices Received by Farmers, United States, May 1996, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 1/ :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 :Average:---------------------------------------------- :1990-92: May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 638 *685 710 100 *108 112 : All Crops : 500 575 *633 650 117 *128 132 Food Grains : 325 379 *534 586 119 *168 185 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 387 *570 622 108 *159 174 Cotton : 517 644 *673 666 126 131 130 Tobacco 2/ : 1263 *1396 *92 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 543 *725 748 99 *132 137 Fruit & Nuts : 716 694 *707 800 99 *101 115 Commercial Vegetables : 698 1055 *793 683 158 *119 102 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 529 *682 674 105 *135 133 Other Crops : 493 525 532 532 106 108 108 : Livestock & Products : 768 676 *712 739 88 93 96 Meat Animals : 1021 835 *819 863 82 81 85 Dairy Products : 799 756 *854 860 94 *106 107 Poultry & Eggs : 282 275 315 322 98 112 115 : Food Commodities : 99 *102 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ 1990-92=100 reference replaced 1977=100 in January 1995. 2/ Missing data indicate insufficient sales to establish a price. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid by Farmers, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1995 and 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 98 108 103 122 93 94 109 113 108 113 Feb : 97 106 101 122 94 93 109 113 108 113 Mar : 99 109 107 128 93 93 109 114 108 114 Apr : 99 108 112 128 90 93 109 114 108 114 May : 100 112 117 132 88 96 109 115 108 116 Jun : 100 113 90 110 109 Jul : 101 114 91 110 109 Aug : 102 114 92 110 109 Sep : 105 115 94 110 109 Oct : 104 114 92 111 110 Nov : 106 117 94 111 111 Dec : 108 118 96 112 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received by Farmers, United States, May 1996, with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : May : Apr : May : : : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 2.21 3.25 3.40 Feed : Bu : 1.90 2.16 3.12 3.33 Malting : Bu : 2.43 2.33 3.40 3.49 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 25.30 22.90 26.20 Corn : Bu : 2.30 2.42 3.85 4.26 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .762 .796 .788 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 4.91 5.31 6.01 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 91.60 90.30 97.10 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 95.30 94.50 102.00 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 71.70 68.50 75.80 Oats : Bu : 1.22 1.41 2.14 2.26 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 5.77 8.00 7.71 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 6.87 9.34 9.45 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 4.06 7.29 7.98 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 5.56 7.43 7.67 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 10.60 12.50 13.40 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.605 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 3.67 5.32 5.81 Winter : Bu : 2.93 3.65 5.39 5.89 Durum : Bu : 2.86 4.76 5.63 5.69 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 3.54 5.21 5.76 Hard Red : Bu : 2.95 3.59 5.32 Soft Red : Bu : 2.87 3.38 5.14 White : Bu : 3.24 3.75 5.16 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.77 1.72 2.49 2.53 Lemons : Box : 10.10 9.05 3.44 5.26 Limes : Box : 10.15 17.80 Oranges : Box : 5.79 4.96 5.70 6.61 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 8.22 15.29 5.32 Temples : Box : 6.23 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .155 .236 .222 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 1200.00 1300.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 .345 .383 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 354.00 337.00 363.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 .669 .397 .402 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers, United States, May 1996, with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : May : Apr : May : : : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 87.80 88.00 92.60 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 26.50 25.20 28.40 Cantaloupes : Cwt : 19.50 18.60 Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 19.30 15.80 12.20 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 47.70 37.90 42.60 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 24.20 11.60 9.13 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 24.80 21.00 16.10 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 17.90 36.30 12.80 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 48.20 13.20 13.00 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 17.40 9.54 9.63 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 45.30 48.60 45.90 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 16.70 50.50 26.40 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 77.00 55.20 54.20 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 60.80 54.80 55.50 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 36.80 29.40 31.20 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 63.60 58.10 58.60 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 1070.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 37.10 49.70 57.20 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 37.50 50.60 58.30 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 28.50 36.20 41.00 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 80.40 85.60 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 27.90 27.70 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.06 12.30 13.90 5/14.00 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 12.30 13.90 5/14.00 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 11.00 13.00 5/13.20 : : Broilers, Live 6/ : Lb : .317 .319 .346 .371 Eggs, All 7/ : Doz : .643 .567 .770 .697 Market 7/8/ : Doz : .546 .434 .670 .580 Turkeys, Live 6/7/ : Lb : .380 .384 .419 .431 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .567 .706 .690 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 12.81 14.33 14.29 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling and government witholding, but includes bulk tank, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.65, fluid milk 3.64, mfg grade 3.74. 6/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers for most States. 7/ Mid-month price. 8/ Includes eggs sold retail by the producer. Wheat: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AZ : AR : 4.95 5.14 4.95 5.14 CA : 5.65 6.10 5.65 6.10 CO : 5.67 6.15 5.67 6.15 3/ 3/ GA : ID : 4.92 5.36 4.94 5.41 4.90 5.29 IL : 5.05 5.35 5.05 5.35 IN : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ KS : 5.81 6.27 5.81 6.27 MI : 5.02 5.35 5.02 5.35 MN : 5.33 5.87 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 5.31 5.85 MO : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ MT : 5.01 5.59 5.02 5.55 5.42 5.70 4.98 5.60 NE : 5.47 5.80 5.47 5.80 ND : 5.39 5.81 3/ 3/ 5.66 5.70 5.30 5.85 OH : 5.28 5.55 5.28 5.55 OK : 5.97 6.44 5.97 6.44 OR : 5.32 5.70 5.32 5.70 SD : 5.40 5.91 5.26 5.75 5.07 4.99 5.47 6.02 TX : 5.86 6.35 5.86 6.35 WA : 5.39 5.69 5.38 5.67 5.45 5.81 : US : 5.32 5.81 5.39 5.89 5.63 5.69 5.21 5.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1995 and 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 :1996 2/:1995 :1996 2/: 1995 :1996 2/: 1995 :1996 2/: 1995 :1996 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 3.69 4.83 2.19 3.09 5.47 6.77 67.60 59.10 36.80 42.30 Feb : 3.61 4.99 2.23 3.37 5.40 7.01 68.80 57.90 39.10 46.40 Mar : 3.52 5.06 2.30 3.51 5.51 7.00 66.90 56.70 37.80 48.60 Apr : 3.48 5.32 2.36 3.85 5.55 7.43 63.30 54.80 35.60 49.70 May : 3.67 5.81 2.42 4.26 5.56 7.67 60.80 55.50 37.10 57.20 Jun : 3.84 2.51 5.68 60.90 42.20 Jul : 4.10 2.63 5.90 59.50 46.30 Aug : 4.26 2.63 5.83 59.40 48.60 Sep : 4.53 2.69 5.98 59.10 48.40 Oct : 4.72 2.79 6.15 58.80 45.70 Nov : 4.81 2.87 6.40 60.70 39.90 Dec : 4.88 3.07 6.76 60.60 43.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. Grains: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/: Apr 2/: May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 7.80 8.05 4/ 4/ CA : 4.02 4/ 4/ 5/ CO : 3.05 3.43 4.11 4.60 7.22 7.96 GA : 4.64 5.10 4/ 4/ ID : 3.27 3.58 IL : 4.09 4.50 1.98 1.95 7.60 7.85 IN : 4.31 4.75 7.65 7.91 IA : 3.67 4.00 2.29 2.34 7.23 7.45 KS : 4.24 4.70 7.59 7.82 7.30 8.00 KY : 4.00 4.40 7.75 7.95 LA : 4/ 5/ MI : 4.03 4.45 2.73 2.70 7.42 7.70 MN : 2.89 3.03 3.53 4.00 2.05 2.20 7.19 7.50 MS : 7.61 7.86 MO : 4.26 4.75 7.53 7.80 7.19 7.95 MT : 3.27 3.36 NE : 3.79 4.20 2.44 2.36 7.31 7.60 7.21 7.80 NM : 4/ 4/ NY : 2.09 2.24 NC : 4.63 5.10 7.70 7.99 ND : 3.22 3.28 2.01 2.10 OH : 4.17 4.60 2.48 2.55 7.68 7.95 OK : 7.29 8.13 OR : 3.24 3.43 2.14 2.21 PA : 4.58 5.00 2.37 2.48 SC : 7.64 7.95 SD : 3.23 3.33 3.95 4.40 2.20 2.30 7.10 7.40 TN : 7.58 7.85 TX : 4.65 5.05 4/ 5/ 7.49 8.19 UT : 3.37 3.74 WA : 3.64 3.55 WI : 3.63 4.10 2.00 2.05 WY : 2.88 2.90 : US : 3.25 3.40 3.85 4.26 2.14 2.26 7.43 7.67 7.29 7.98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for May 1996 is $3.00. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. 5/ Sales volume insufficient to establish a price. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 3.22 3.49 3.37 3.75 MN : 3.27 3.30 2.85 3.00 MT : 3.48 3.50 3.13 3.25 ND : 3.43 3.50 2.91 3.00 SD : 3.50 3.59 3.03 3.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 3/: Apr 1/: May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : CA : 34.70 35.30 CO : 21.80 26.70 FL : GA : ID : 21.70 25.10 IN : KS : 5/ 5/ KY : 1.635 MD : MI : 19.50 22.50 MN : 20.20 24.80 13.60 14.60 MO : NE : 24.50 27.30 NC : ND : 19.80 23.50 12.60 13.40 5.31 6.00 OH : OK : SC : SD : 11.80 13.00 5.26 6.03 TN : 1.485 TX : VA : WA : 23.30 24.60 WV : : US : 22.90 26.20 12.50 13.40 5.31 6.01 1.605 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ Marketing year Aug - Jan. 5/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : May : Cotton, Upland :------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : .798 6/ AZ : .780 6/ 96.00 96.00 63.00 AR : .781 .766 63.00 130.00 56.00 CA : .887 7/ 106.00 109.00 73.00 CO : 88.00 89.00 75.00 GA : .850 6/ ID : 77.00 78.00 63.00 IL : 93.00 97.00 69.00 IN : 104.00 111.00 90.00 IA : 90.00 92.00 72.00 KS : 77.00 80.00 58.00 KY : 88.00 104.00 64.00 LA : .779 .786 MI : 79.00 80.00 75.00 .180 MN : 75.00 84.00 53.00 MS : .785 .746 MO : 69.00 101.00 62.00 MT : 63.00 65.00 56.00 NE : 61.00 63.00 43.00 NV : 94.00 93.00 98.00 NM : 123.00 126.00 97.00 NY : 87.00 92.00 70.00 .180 ND : 43.00 49.00 36.00 OH : 95.00 120.00 65.00 OK : 87.00 101.00 67.00 OR : 103.00 106.00 76.00 PA : 110.00 126.00 101.00 .220 SD : 67.00 69.00 55.00 TN : .778 6/ TX : .768 .752 99.00 150.00 75.00 UT : 59.00 59.00 40.00 VA : .180 WA : 112.00 101.00 141.00 .233 WI : 70.00 76.00 57.00 WY : 62.00 63.00 58.00 : US : .796 .788 97.10 102.00 75.80 .222 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Marketing year August-February. 6/ Sales volume insufficient to establish a price. 7/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, May 1996, with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit : Mar 1996 1/ : Apr 1996 1/ : May 1996 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .772 .796 .788 Marketings 3/ : 1,000 Bales : 718 561 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 9.31 9.34 9.45 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Cwt : 14690 13562 NA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Expanded data from sample of about 56 percent of buyers. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity, : F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------- State : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree and Area : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit 2/ : AZ : 11.60 4.29 6.16 -0.23 2.35 4.22 -2.17 CA : 14.90 5.70 9.46 -0.23 3.76 7.52 -2.17 FL : 13.20 4.87 6.80 2.50 2.37 4.55 -0.31 Colored Seedless: 13.20 4.87 6.80 2.50 2.37 4.55 -0.31 TX : : CA-AZ : 13.20 5.04 7.79 -0.23 3.10 5.85 -2.17 : US : 13.20 4.91 7.04 2.04 2.53 4.86 -0.63 : Lemons : CA : 26.20 8.90 17.76 1.14 5.26 14.12 -2.50 : US : 26.20 8.90 17.76 1.14 5.26 14.12 -2.50 : Oranges : AZ : 11.60 4.78 5.66 2.70 3.58 -2.08 Navel and Misc : 5.66 -0.40 -0.36 -0.44 -2.45 -2.41 -2.49 Valencia : 11.60 4.84 5.70 0.02 2.76 3.62 -2.06 CA : 17.70 9.07 11.76 -0.44 6.99 9.69 -2.51 Navel and Misc : 21.50 7.91 15.48 -0.44 5.86 13.43 -2.49 Valencia : 17.30 9.25 11.40 -0.44 7.17 9.32 -2.52 FL : 15.00 8.61 8.90 8.60 6.61 6.95 6.60 Valencia : 15.00 8.61 8.90 8.60 6.61 6.95 6.60 : CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 21.40 7.84 15.36 -0.44 5.79 13.31 -2.49 Valencia : 16.70 8.83 10.84 -0.40 6.75 8.76 -2.48 : US : 16.60 8.62 10.63 8.38 6.61 8.58 6.38 : Tangerines : AZ : 10.30 3.20 4.48 1.75 2.45 CA : 20.30 10.34 14.48 8.89 12.45 : US : 15.30 6.77 9.48 5.32 7.45 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Approximate net contents per box are as follows: Grapefruit - AZ and CA 67 lbs; FL, 85 lbs; TX, 80 lbs; Lemons - 76 lbs; Oranges - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 90 lbs; TX 85 lbs; Tangerines - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 95 lbs. 2/ Desert Valley no longer reported separately. Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Apr : May :: State : Apr : May : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : 10.10 8.55 :: ND - All 1/ : 6.85 6.90 CA - All : 13.30 11.30 :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.10 NA - Winter : 20.60 :: - Processing : 6.00 NA - Spring : 11.60 :: OH : - Summer : :: OR : 7.90 7.80 - Fall : 10.50 10.30 :: PA : 8.80 8.90 CO - All 1/ : 6.45 6.20 :: TX : 9.10 - Fresh 2/ : 7.15 NA :: VA : FL : 19.90 10.60 :: WA - All : 6.20 6.25 ID - All 1/ : 7.05 7.05 :: - Processing : 5.50 NA - Fresh 2/ : 7.30 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 6.15 6.25 - Processing : 6.00 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 6.40 NA ME : 6.70 6.45 :: - Processing : 5.40 NA MI : 7.95 8.20 :: : MN : 6.05 6.10 :: US - All 1/ : 8.00 7.71 NY : :: - Fresh 2/ : 10.60 NA : :: - Processing : 5.91 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 29.50 31.00 56.00 56.00 52.80 53.50 54.00 50.00 AR : 31.10 33.80 47.20 48.20 40.40 42.20 40.40 39.70 CA : 29.00 29.50 46.00 44.00 38.20 37.90 54.00 52.00 CO : 30.30 32.30 58.90 61.10 56.90 59.10 56.50 59.10 FL : 30.10 30.60 41.50 38.00 31.40 31.30 48.10 43.50 GA : 29.30 30.50 40.30 39.90 33.20 33.50 43.70 41.40 ID : 29.10 30.40 52.30 52.00 46.70 46.80 52.50 51.50 IL : 29.00 31.90 57.70 56.80 57.10 56.30 89.00 91.00 IA : 29.50 31.80 59.80 60.30 53.70 54.60 50.50 50.30 KS : 30.00 31.10 57.50 59.70 56.40 58.60 52.50 54.00 KY : 29.50 31.00 45.00 47.00 41.30 43.20 45.00 46.00 LA : 28.20 29.00 42.30 42.00 32.30 33.00 46.40 44.00 MI : 30.30 33.90 48.40 51.00 44.80 47.60 54.50 57.50 MN : 30.40 32.00 56.00 55.50 52.90 52.70 51.00 52.00 MO : 29.10 30.90 49.00 50.10 44.00 45.30 48.80 50.60 MT : 31.60 32.50 53.70 53.00 48.60 44.80 56.80 57.40 NE : 30.00 33.50 61.20 61.60 60.10 60.50 55.40 57.80 NM : 32.20 33.80 46.90 47.50 42.00 43.00 48.20 45.30 ND : 28.30 30.00 49.80 50.00 44.20 43.00 50.50 50.00 OH : 28.30 30.00 53.70 54.00 51.20 51.60 46.70 46.00 OK : 28.30 29.90 50.40 52.20 47.40 49.10 52.00 52.00 OR : 30.50 31.00 50.00 50.00 44.20 44.30 54.00 53.50 PA : 31.00 32.20 55.50 54.00 49.10 48.30 71.00 75.00 SD : 27.50 28.50 54.70 56.40 51.20 51.40 54.90 56.00 TN : 27.40 31.30 43.90 45.50 37.30 39.80 44.90 45.40 TX : 26.40 27.50 58.20 56.40 55.70 54.10 49.30 47.10 VA : 27.30 28.20 45.10 43.60 41.00 37.70 45.50 44.10 WI : 31.90 33.60 51.60 51.40 40.20 41.10 97.20 95.00 WY : 32.30 33.00 54.60 56.00 50.80 50.30 57.50 55.00 : US : 29.40 31.20 58.10 58.60 54.80 55.50 55.20 54.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 35.00 37.20 49.10 54.30 47.70 52.60 IL : 35.40 38.80 49.50 54.60 48.40 53.30 IN : 36.80 42.30 49.00 57.40 47.80 55.90 IA : 38.50 46.00 51.40 61.40 50.90 60.80 KS : 38.10 45.70 50.00 59.30 48.30 57.30 KY : 36.00 40.00 51.00 58.00 50.40 57.30 MI : 36.30 41.00 50.00 57.00 48.90 55.70 MN : 37.40 40.50 52.00 58.00 51.10 57.00 MO : 36.90 40.20 49.30 55.10 48.60 54.20 NE : 38.10 46.20 52.20 60.20 51.90 59.90 NC : 36.60 41.50 50.80 59.40 50.50 59.00 OH : 34.50 39.00 50.70 57.00 49.40 55.60 PA : 34.50 35.60 48.20 55.00 46.10 52.10 SC : 33.10 37.10 48.20 55.50 47.30 54.40 SD : 35.70 38.50 52.10 57.10 50.50 55.10 TN : 35.80 42.40 48.50 56.80 47.20 55.40 TX : 31.20 32.20 45.70 49.80 39.80 47.50 VA : 35.20 38.80 50.40 57.00 50.10 56.60 WI : 34.60 40.30 49.00 57.50 47.10 55.30 : US : 36.20 41.00 50.60 58.30 49.70 57.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : April : May :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Sheep : Lambs : Turkeys : Broilers: Eggs : 1/ : 1/ : 2/3/ : 1/4/ : 2/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Pound Dol/Doz : AL : .380 .520 AZ : AR : .43 .360 .650 CA : 27.00 86.00 .44 .345 .520 CO : 29.80 85.70 CT : 1.030 DE : .395 FL : .470 GA : .375 .536 ID : 29.50 76.30 IN : .45 .620 IA : 22.90 86.40 .47 .468 KS : 23.00 85.00 ME : .949 MD : .395 MI : .490 MN : 23.50 84.50 .46 .500 MS : .375 .620 MO : .41 .470 MT : 28.70 87.00 NE : 23.40 95.20 NY : .668 NC : .41 .355 .465 OH : 25.20 94.60 .667 OR : 23.00 75.00 PA : .40 .380 .590 SC : .651 SD : 24.30 85.50 TX : 31.80 84.40 .370 .560 UT : 22.00 93.00 VA : .42 .380 WA : .606 WY : 25.10 87.10 : US : 27.70 85.60 .431 .371 .580 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ IN, IA, MN and PA are actual liveweight prices. All other State prices are equivalent liveweight returns to producers (see footnote 4 for formula). 4/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers. Derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formula: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = equivalent liveweight price. 5/ Market (table) eggs. Includes eggs sold retail by the producer. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : April : May :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 15.00 3.49 15.00 3.49 15.20 3.48 AR : 15.10 3.55 12.50 3.60 15.10 3.55 15.30 3.60 CA : 12.90 3.62 12.80 3.80 12.90 3.63 13.00 3.57 CO : 14.00 3.66 14.00 3.66 13.90 3.61 FL : 16.20 3.57 16.20 3.57 16.30 3.50 GA : 15.10 3.54 15.10 3.54 15.20 3.53 ID : 13.40 3.58 13.10 3.79 13.40 3.59 13.40 3.56 IL : 13.80 3.78 13.30 3.86 13.80 3.78 13.60 3.65 IN : 13.80 3.76 11.90 3.79 13.70 3.76 13.80 3.71 IA : 13.40 3.77 13.50 3.82 13.40 3.78 13.70 3.71 KS : 13.20 3.61 11.90 3.69 13.20 3.61 13.10 3.54 KY : 14.40 3.61 11.40 3.57 14.30 3.61 14.50 3.54 LA : 14.90 3.43 14.90 3.43 15.10 3.45 MD : 13.80 3.75 13.80 3.75 13.90 3.75 MI : 13.90 3.73 12.20 3.79 13.90 3.73 14.10 3.67 MN : 14.25 3.79 13.05 3.79 14.12 3.79 14.50 3.72 MS : 14.60 3.47 14.60 3.47 14.70 3.50 MO : 14.30 3.59 12.80 3.66 14.20 3.59 14.10 3.55 NE : 13.30 3.75 13.00 3.73 13.30 3.75 13.40 3.65 NM : 12.70 3.57 12.70 3.57 12.90 3.50 NY : 13.90 3.73 13.90 3.73 14.30 3.68 NC : 15.20 3.66 12.20 3.92 15.20 3.66 15.30 3.68 ND : 13.70 3.73 12.50 3.71 13.20 3.72 13.00 3.59 OH : 14.20 3.78 11.60 3.90 14.00 3.79 13.90 3.72 OK : 14.80 3.55 14.80 3.55 14.90 3.50 OR : 13.10 3.60 12.10 3.90 13.10 3.60 13.30 3.56 PA : 14.20 3.76 12.90 3.88 14.20 3.76 14.00 3.69 TN : 14.90 3.62 11.80 3.54 14.80 3.62 15.00 3.57 TX : 13.90 3.57 13.90 3.57 14.10 3.53 UT : 13.40 3.61 12.90 3.64 13.40 3.61 13.50 3.55 VT : 14.20 3.79 14.20 3.79 14.40 3.73 VA : 14.00 3.66 10.70 3.53 14.00 3.66 14.20 3.65 WA : 13.10 3.60 13.10 3.60 13.30 3.58 WI : 14.29 3.83 13.46 3.90 14.22 3.84 14.60 3.78 : US : 13.90 3.69 13.00 3.81 13.90 3.70 14.00 3.65 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including surplus diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling and government withholding. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, April and May 1996, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : May 1995 : Apr 1996 : May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 24.95 26.23 26.51 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 11.00 13.00 2/13.20 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.71 3.81 2/3.74 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1996 is 91.4 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 91.4 percent in 1995. For additional details, see January 1996 issue of Agricultural Prices. 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for May 1996, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May : : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 : 1995: 1996: 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .618 8.61 9.25 9.35 43 58 62 Rice, Cwt : 1.70 24.10 25.40 25.70 29 37 37 Corn, Bu : .411 5.83 6.15 6.22 42 63 68 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .114 1.59 1.71 1.72 48 47 46 Extra Long Staple : .152 2.07 2.28 2.30 Peanuts, Lb : .0444 .619 .665 .672 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .251 3.55 3.76 3.80 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .230 3.18 3.44 3.48 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .298 4.11 4.46 4.51 36 Burley, 31 : .260 3.64 3.89 3.93 Maryland, 32 : .218 3.06 3.26 3.30 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .247 3.41 3.70 3.74 Sun-Cured, 37 : .206 2.79 3.08 3.12 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .161 2.23 2.41 2.44 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .198 2.79 2.96 3.00 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.44 2.59 2.62 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .373 4.85 5.58 5.64 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.92 27.30 28.70 29.00 2/47 2/50 2/49 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0812 1.18 1.22 1.23 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .282 3.90 4.22 4.27 Mohair, Lb : .708 10.10 10.60 10.70 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .373 5.21 5.58 5.64 42 58 60 Cottonseed, Ton : 14.90 204.00 223.00 225.00 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.26 45.70 48.80 49.30 55 47 53 Flaxseed, Bu : .740 10.70 11.10 11.20 46 48 54 Oats, Bu : .229 3.24 3.43 3.46 44 62 65 Potatoes, Cwt : .865 11.70 12.90 13.10 49 62 59 Rye, Bu : .281 3.86 4.21 4.25 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .642 9.00 9.61 9.71 45 76 82 Soybeans, Bu : .886 12.50 13.30 13.40 44 56 57 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 1.35 19.20 20.20 20.40 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0286 .390 .428 .433 40 55 51 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .671 10.00 10.00 10.20 17 25 25 Lemons : 1.23 16.50 18.40 18.60 55 19 28 Limes (FL) : 1.41 20.60 21.10 21.30 86 Oranges : .824 12.50 12.30 12.50 40 46 53 Tangerines : 1.94 27.60 29.00 29.40 30 53 18 Temples (FL) : .674 10.30 10.10 10.20 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 10.10 142.00 151.00 153.00 43 36 36 Calves, Cwt : 13.00 182.00 195.00 197.00 42 28 28 Hogs, Cwt : 6.89 98.20 103.00 104.00 38 48 55 Lambs, Cwt : 10.20 144.00 153.00 154.00 56 56 Sheep, Cwt : 4.09 57.10 61.20 61.90 49 45 Eggs, Doz : .0931 1.31 1.39 1.41 2/43 2/51 2/49 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0586 .845 .877 .887 45 48 49 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Parity Prices Based on Data for May 1996, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Pears, Ton : Hops, Lb : .245 3.71 : Fresh 5/ : 49.90 755.00 Tobacco, Lb : : Dried, CA 7/ : 133.00 2010.00 Type 61 : 2.71 41.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : : : Fresh, Equiv : Noncitrus Fruit : : on-Tree : 58.20 881.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Prunes, Dried, : Processing : 18.00 272.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 133.00 2010.00 Apricots, Ton : : Prunes and Plums,: Fresh 8/ : 161.00 2440.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Dried, CA : 310.00 4690.00 : Fresh 10/ : 55.90 846.00 Avocados, Ton 8/ : 171.00 2590.00 : Processing 7/ : Cherries : : Excl Dried : 18.90 286.00 Sweet, Ton : 140.00 2120.00 : : Tart, Lb : .0294 .445 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.10 107.00 : Almonds, Lb : .212 3.21 Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 137.00 2070.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 117.00 1770.00 Grapes, Ton : : Walnuts, Ton : 164.00 2480.00 Raisin Variety : 135.00 2040.00 : : Other, Dried : 49.90 755.00 :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Nectarines : : Fresh : Fresh, Calif, : : Carrots 9/ : 1.67 25.30 Ton 8/ : 62.30 943.00 : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.11 62.20 Olives, CA : : Celery 9/ : 1.89 28.60 Canning, Ton 6/: 95.00 1440.00 : Honeydew Melons : 2.38 36.00 Peaches : : Lettuce : 2.14 32.40 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0406 .614 : Onions 9/ : 1.80 27.20 Dried, CA, : : Tomatoes : 4.38 66.30 Ton : 137.00 2070.00 : : Processing 6/ : : : Excl Dried : : : Clingstone, : : : CA, Ton : 30.70 464.00 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January and July Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Cotton: Prices Received by Farmers by Month, States, August 1995 - March 1996 Revised; Preliminary Marketing Year Average Price, 1995 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : MYA State : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar :---------------- : : : : : : : : : Upland : Pima ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound : AL : 2/ .763 .699 .704 .747 .724 .777 .791 .727 AZ : .691 .789 .766 .767 .795 .769 .698 .775 .762 1.310 AR : .707 .727 .736 .730 .726 .745 .736 .753 .733 CA : .806 .859 .810 .817 .845 .855 .864 .870 .835 1.270 FL : .800 GA : 2/ .766 .734 .755 .757 .773 .794 .808 .762 KS : .725 LA : .715 .724 .735 .729 .715 .723 .735 .732 .727 MS : .715 .734 .753 .735 .718 .744 .747 .750 .738 MO : .701 NM : .808 1.300 NC : .783 OK : .734 SC : .797 TN : .713 .721 .736 .758 .733 .747 .723 .802 .751 TX : .726 .736 .725 .745 .742 .764 .755 .749 .745 1.250 VA : .730 : U.S. : .726 .754 .749 .758 .760 .768 .765 .772 .759 1.277 : : Marketings, (000) Bales : U.S. : 445 851 2,129 2,661 2,573 2,294 748 718 12,419 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly prices available for major upland cotton producing States only. 2/ Sales insufficient to establish a price. Cottonseed: Monthly and Marketing Year Average Prices Received by Farmers, by State and U.S., 1995 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : MYA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars Per Ton : AL : 87.00 92.00 94.00 90.00 AZ : 130.00 133.00 131.00 AR : 95.00 108.00 105.00 105.00 106.00 CA : 132.00 131.00 132.00 FL 2/ : GA : 75.00 85.00 90.00 91.00 123.00 83.50 KS 2/ : LA : 107.00 113.00 95.00 108.00 MS : 100.00 105.00 104.00 104.00 103.00 MO : 96.50 NM : 136.00 NC : 78.00 OK : 114.00 SC : 75.50 TN : 100.00 100.00 93.00 100.00 TX : 100.00 102.00 90.00 117.00 117.00 117.00 114.00 110.00 VA : 78.00 : US : 100.00 100.00 99.00 114.00 116.00 107.00 117.00 107.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Monthly prices available only for major cotton producing states. 2/ Florida and Kansas prices not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations in Kansas. Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by Type, State and United States, 1994-95 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Cure, Area and State : Type : 1994 : 1995 : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old & Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.705 1.805 VA : 11 : 1.706 1.807 US : 11 : 1.705 1.806 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.709 1.800 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.690 1.768 SC : 13 : 1.690 1.779 US : 13 : 1.690 1.775 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.650 1.761 GA : 14 : 1.654 1.759 US : 14 : 1.653 1.759 Total Flue-cured : 11-14 : 1.698 1.790 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.612 1.625 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.119 2.178 TN : 22 : 2.090 2.185 US : 22 : 2.100 2.183 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.075 2.145 TN : 23 : 2.081 2.154 US : 23 : 2.076 2.146 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23 : 2.092 2.172 Total Fire-cured : 21-23 : 2.069 2.150 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.852 1.860 KY : 31 : 1.844 1.857 MO : 31 : 1.830 1.834 NC : 31 : 1.821 1.843 OH : 31 : 1.834 1.861 TN : 31 : 1.837 1.845 VA : 31 : 1.832 1.843 WV : 31 : 1.820 1.855 US : 31 : 1.841 1.854 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.635 1.670 PA : 32 : 1.200 1.400 US : 32 : 1.481 1.573 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32 : 1.830 1.843 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One-Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.669 1.774 TN : 35 : 1.614 1.756 US : 35 : 1.660 1.771 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.736 1.745 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36 : 1.685 1.762 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote at end of table. -- continued Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by Type, State and United States, 1994-95 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Cure, Area and State : Type : 1994 : 1995 : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound : : VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.476 1.530 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37 : 1.683 1.760 : : All Cures Other Than Cigar : 11-37 : 1.763 1.821 : : : : Cigar Filler: : : PA Seedleaf : : PA : 41 : 1.000 1.450 : : Cigar Binder: : : CT Valley Broadleaf : : CT : 51 : 3.050 3.850 MA : 51 : 3.100 4.050 US : 51 : 3.060 3.890 WI Binder, Southern : : WI : 54 : 1.450 1.450 WI Binder, Northern : : WI : 55 : 1.450 1.450 Total WI Binder : 54-55 : 1.450 1.450 Total Binder : 51-55 : 1.830 2.138 : : Cigar Wrapper: : : CT Valley Shade-grown : : CT 2/ : 61 : MA 2/ : 61 : US 2/ : 61 : : : Total Cigar Types 2/ : 41-55 : 1.335 1.783 : : US All Tobacco 2/ : 11-55 : 1.758 1.820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by State, 1994-95 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1994 : 1995 : State : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : : Dollars per Pound : : : CT 2/ : 3.050 3.850 : NC : 1.709 1.798 FL : 1.650 1.761 : OH : 1.834 1.861 GA : 1.654 1.759 : PA : 1.076 1.429 IN : 1.852 1.860 : SC : 1.690 1.779 KY : 1.854 1.872 : TN : 1.878 1.912 MD : 1.635 1.670 : VA : 1.729 1.809 MA 2/ : 3.100 4.050 : WV : 1.820 1.855 MO : 1.830 1.834 : WI : 1.450 1.450 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. 2/ CT and MA Shade type 61 not published to avoid disclosure. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly, by State and United States, July 1994 - April 1995 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1994 : 1995 State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : FL : 1.330 1.625 1.805 1.740 GA : 1.415 1.620 1.790 1.725 IN : 1.855 1.850 1.850 1.835 KY : 1.855 1.840 1.865 1.915 1.815 2.000 MD : 1.670 1.525 MO : 1.840 1.830 1.820 NC : 1.610 1.600 1.770 1.805 1.840 1.820 1.800 OH : 1.850 1.830 1.825 SC : 1.435 1.600 1.795 1.795 TN : 1.850 1.830 1.950 2.030 1.775 VA : 1.580 1.710 1.815 1.830 1.795 1.840 WV : 1.840 1.820 1.800 : US : 1.505 1.600 1.770 1.805 1.850 1.835 1.875 1.965 1.715 1.525 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly, by State and United States, July 1995 - April 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1995 : 1996 State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : FL : 1.570 1.775 1.840 1.775 GA : 1.595 1.765 1.830 1.805 IN : 1.845 1.850 1.875 1.865 KY : 1.845 1.850 1.895 1.990 1.855 1.635 MD : 1.670 MO : 1.825 1.805 1.850 NC : 1.795 1.765 1.830 1.810 1.835 1.850 1.855 OH : 1.845 1.850 1.875 1.885 SC : 1.725 1.750 1.830 1.805 TN : 1.840 1.845 1.980 2.205 1.890 1.485 VA : 1.835 1.775 1.835 1.815 1.840 1.790 1.820 WV : 1.840 1.850 1.880 : US : 1.755 1.765 1.830 1.810 1.840 1.845 1.900 2.060 1.745 1.605 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1994 - April 1995 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1994 Cure, Area and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.670 1.600 1.735 1.815 1.825 VA : 11 : 1.580 1.710 1.815 1.825 US : 11 : 1.670 1.595 1.730 1.815 1.825 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.645 1.600 1.795 1.805 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.500 1.600 1.785 1.785 SC : 13 : 1.435 1.600 1.795 1.795 US : 13 : 1.460 1.600 1.790 1.790 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.330 1.625 1.805 1.740 GA : 14 : 1.415 1.620 1.790 1.725 US : 14 : 1.400 1.620 1.790 1.725 Total Flue-cured : 11-14: 1.505 1.600 1.770 1.805 1.825 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.625 1.615 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : TN : 22 : US : 22 : Western District : : KY : 23 : TN : 23 : US : 23 : KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 1.630 1.615 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.855 1.850 KY : 31 : 1.855 1.840 MO : 31 : 1.840 1.830 NC : 31 : 1.840 1.820 OH : 31 : 1.850 1.830 TN : 31 : 1.850 1.835 VA : 31 : 1.840 1.825 WV : 31 : 1.840 1.820 US : 31 : 1.850 1.840 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.850 1.840 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.740 TN : 35 : 1.685 US : 35 : 1.730 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.760 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.740 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.470 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.735 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.505 1.600 1.770 1.805 1.850 1.835 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote at end of table. -- continued Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1994 - April 1995 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1995 Cure, Area and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : VA : 11 : US : 11 : Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : SC : 13 : US : 13 : GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : GA : 14 : US : 14 : Total Flue-cured : 11-14: : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.540 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.330 2.065 1.860 2.160 TN : 22 : 2.250 2.045 1.780 US : 22 : 2.275 2.055 1.810 2.000 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.250 1.905 1.725 TN : 23 : 2.265 1.920 1.725 US : 23 : 2.255 1.910 1.725 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: 2.265 2.020 1.795 2.000 Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.260 2.020 1.795 2.000 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.850 1.835 KY : 31 : 1.835 1.820 MO : 31 : 1.820 NC : 31 : 1.800 OH : 31 : 1.825 TN : 31 : 1.825 VA : 31 : 1.855 WV : 31 : 1.800 US : 31 : 1.835 1.820 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.670 1.525 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.835 1.820 1.670 1.525 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.580 1.260 TN : 35 : 1.585 1.105 US : 35 : 1.580 1.210 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.700 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.620 1.210 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.600 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.620 1.210 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.875 1.965 1.715 1.525 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1995 - April 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1995 Cure, Area and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.830 1.770 1.830 1.815 VA : 11 : 1.835 1.775 1.835 1.815 US : 11 : 1.830 1.770 1.830 1.815 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.800 1.765 1.835 1.815 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.695 1.745 1.825 1.780 SC : 13 : 1.725 1.750 1.830 1.805 US : 13 : 1.710 1.750 1.825 1.800 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.570 1.775 1.840 1.775 GA : 14 : 1.595 1.765 1.830 1.805 US : 14 : 1.590 1.765 1.830 1.795 Total Flue-cured : 11-14: 1.755 1.765 1.830 1.810 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.635 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : TN : 22 : US : 22 : Western District : : KY : 23 : TN : 23 : US : 23 : KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 1.635 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.845 1.850 KY : 31 : 1.845 1.850 MO : 31 : 1.825 1.805 NC : 31 : 1.835 1.850 OH : 31 : 1.845 1.850 TN : 31 : 1.840 1.845 VA : 31 : 1.840 1.845 WV : 31 : 1.840 1.850 US : 31 : 1.840 1.850 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.840 1.850 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.880 TN : 35 : 1.770 US : 35 : 1.865 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.810 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.845 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.540 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.840 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.755 1.765 1.830 1.810 1.840 1.845 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote at end of table. -- continued Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1995 - April 1996 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1996 Cure, Area and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : VA : 11 : US : 11 : Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : SC : 13 : US : 13 : GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : GA : 14 : US : 14 : Total Flue-cured : 11-14: : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.560 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.390 2.230 1.915 1.635 TN : 22 : 2.350 2.225 1.895 1.485 US : 22 : 2.365 2.230 1.900 1.605 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.290 2.050 1.635 TN : 23 : 2.310 2.070 1.660 US : 23 : 2.295 2.050 1.640 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: 2.330 2.185 1.875 1.605 Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.315 2.185 1.875 1.605 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.875 1.865 KY : 31 : 1.875 1.875 MO : 31 : 1.850 NC : 31 : 1.855 OH : 31 : 1.875 1.885 TN : 31 : 1.860 1.840 VA : 31 : 1.855 WV : 31 : 1.880 US : 31 : 1.870 1.875 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.670 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.870 1.875 1.670 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.745 1.440 TN : 35 : 1.765 1.610 US : 35 : 1.750 1.470 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.705 1.460 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.735 1.470 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.445 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.735 1.470 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.900 2.060 1.745 1.605 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Reliability of Prices Received by Farmers Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices" and in the annual summary published in July. A schedule of monthly revisions is published in the December issue of "Agricultural Prices" and in the July annual summary. Reliability: U.S. price estimates generally have a sampling error of less than one half percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of prices received estimates for major grain commodities, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown in the table on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the 5-month corn price is 0.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current 5-month price of $2.47 per bushel will not be above or below the final 5-month price by more than 0.2 percent, or about half of a cent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90% confidence interval) that the difference will not exceed 0.3 percent, or about three-fourths of a penny. Reliability of Five-Month Prices Received Estimates 1983 - 1992 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Root Mean Square Error :: 10-Year Record of :-----------------------:: Differences Between : :90% Confidence :: Preliminary and Final Commodity : : Level ::-------------------------------------- :Percent:---------------:: Dollars : No. of Years : : : ::-------------------------------------- : :Percent:Dollars:: : : : Below : Above : : : :: Avg : Min : Max : Final : Final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Corn : .2 .3 .008 .001 .000 .010 0 1 Wheat : .1 .2 .007 .002 .000 -.010 2 0 Sorghum : .2 .3 .007 .002 .000 -.010 1 1 Barley : .5 .9 .020 .006 .000 .030 1 2 Oats : 1.4 2.5 .035 .010 .000 .060 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Five-month prices received estimates represent weighted average prices for the first five months of the marketing year. For corn and sorghum the five month period is September-January. For wheat, barley, and oats the five month period is June-October. Prices Paid The May Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 115 (1990-92=100), up 0.9 percent from April and 5.5 percent from May 1995. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for May 1996, at 116, was 1.8 percent above last month and 7.4 percent higher than May last year. Since April 1996, prices were higher for feed, fuels, and feeder cattle purchased. Feed: At 138, the feed index increased 6.2 percent from April and 45 percent from May a year ago. All feed component prices were higher compared with last month. Feed grains and complete feeds led the advance in the index. Livestock and Poultry: The index for livestock and poultry purchases was 70, a slight increase of 1.4 percent from last month but 14 percent below May a year earlier. Higher May feeder cattle and calf prices were partially offset by lower feeder pig prices. Fuels: The fuels index, at 110, was up 4.8 percent from last month and 16 percent above May 1995. Higher diesel and gasoline prices since April had the greatest impact on the index increase. LP gas prices also rose. Consumer Price Index: The April 1996 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.4 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 156.3 (1982-84=100). The March index was 155.7. For the 12-month period ending in April, the overall index increased 2.9 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, May 1996, With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) :*1436 *1500 1513 109 *114 115 Production :*1052 *1108 1123 *108 114 116 Feed : *484 *638 673 *95 *130 138 Livestock and Poultry : 1029 *879 891 *81 69 70 Seeds : 1087 1160 1160 110 117 117 Fertilizer : 461 *476 474 126 130 129 Agricultural Chemicals : *728 *753 752 115 119 119 Fuels : *734 810 852 *95 105 110 Supplies & Repairs : 798 *814 814 112 *115 115 Autos & Trucks : 3200 *3273 3282 120 *123 123 Farm Machinery :*2997 *3112 3119 119 124 124 Building Material : 1554 *1557 1557 114 *115 115 Farm Services & Rent :*1415 *1296 1304 Farm Services : 118 117 117 Rent : 116 119 119 Interest 1/ : 2578 *2553 2553 103 102 102 Taxes 2/ : 3123 3243 3243 117 121 121 Wage Rates :*4193 *4541 4541 112 *117 117 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) :*1461 *1508 1514 108 114 114 Family Living-CPI 3/ :*1446 *1487 1487 113 116 116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : *92 *95 97 Parity Ratio 4/ : *44 *46 47 Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : *46 *47 48 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 6/ : 988 *1044 1044 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : *113 *116 117 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 105 *112 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : *90 *106 110 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 116 118 119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.020 1996 and the revised factor is 1.034 for 1995. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Selected Production Input Sub-Components United States, May 1996, With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :----------------------------- Index : 5-Year Moving Average : 1995 : 1996 :----------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : May : Apr : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent --- ---- (1990-92=100) ---- : Production Items : 66.3 66.1 *108 *114 116 : Feed : 11.5 11.2 *95 *130 138 Complete Feeds : 5.0 4.9 96 125 129 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.1 96 *167 184 Hay/Forages : 1.3 1.2 96 112 122 Concentrates : 1.8 1.8 91 120 127 Supplements : 1.3 1.2 102 125 128 Livestock & Poultry : 8.4 8.3 *81 69 70 Feeder Cattle : 6.5 6.4 76 62 64 Milk Cow Replacements : .7 .7 101 95 95 Feeder Pigs : .7 .7 84 78 73 Poultry : .5 .5 105 105 104 Seeds : 2.7 2.7 110 117 117 Field Crops : 2.4 2.4 109 117 117 Grasses/Legumes : .3 .3 119 120 120 Fertilizer : 4.7 4.6 126 130 129 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.0 117 126 128 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.0 143 140 138 Potash & Potassium : .6 .6 105 111 110 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.4 3.4 115 119 119 Herbicides : 2.1 2.1 113 117 117 Insecticides : .8 .8 120 126 124 Fungicides/Other : .5 .5 115 115 115 Fuels : 2.9 2.9 *95 105 110 Diesel : 1.6 1.6 90 105 110 LP Gas : .3 .3 97 106 111 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 102 105 110 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.4 5.4 112 *115 115 Supplies : 1.8 1.8 110 113 113 Repairs : 3.6 3.6 114 115 115 Autos & Trucks : 1.4 1.4 120 *123 123 Autos : .2 .2 118 120 120 Trucks : 1.2 1.2 121 *124 124 Farm Machinery : 4.5 4.5 119 124 124 Self-Propelled : 1.8 1.8 122 128 128 Tractors : 1.0 1.0 117 119 119 Other Machinery : 1.7 1.7 118 123 123 Building Materials : 2.4 2.5 114 *115 115 Farm Services : 11.1 11.2 118 117 117 Custom Rates : 1.1 1.1 104 111 111 Other Services : 10.0 10.1 119 118 118 Rent : 7.8 8.0 116 119 119 Cash : 3.5 3.6 123 129 129 Share : 4.3 4.4 110 111 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Feed Price Ratios: With Comparisons, United States, May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1995 : 1996 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :---------------------------- : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight : *4.7 *4.3 4.5 Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in value : to 1 dozen eggs : 7.8 *8.1 6.5 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight : *15.3 *12.9 13.4 Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk : 2.53 *2.16 2.00 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : *26.3 *15.1 13.8 Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 6.3 *4.7 4.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. * Revised. Feeder Livestock and Poultry: Prices Paid, With Comparisons United States, May 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1995 : 1996 ITEM : Unit :------------------------------------------ : : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 64.40 52.80 54.30 Pigs : " : 72.00 67.00 Broiler Chicks 1/ : Per 100 : - Egg-Type Chicks 1/ : " : - Turkey Poults 1/ : Each : - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Annual average poultry prices. Quarterly poultry prices discontinued January 1994. Feed Price Ratios, Monthly, United States, January 1993- May 1996 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year :Jan : Feb: Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug: Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Broiler- Feed Ratio 3/ : 1993 : 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.3 5.5 4.9 5.0 4.5 5.2 1994 : 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.6 4.9 5.2 1995 4/: 4.8 4.9 4.8 5.1 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.1 4.6 5.0 1996 5/: 4.7 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.5 : : Market Egg-Feed Ratio 6/ : 1993 :10.5 10.3 11.7 10.6 9.2 9.8 8.2 8.9 8.1 8.8 8.8 8.3 9.4 1994 : 7.9 8.0 8.6 7.7 8.6 6.9 8.0 9.0 9.2 8.9 10.3 10.2 8.6 1995 4/: 9.7 9.6 9.2 9.2 7.8 7.8 8.0 8.7 9.0 8.7 10.4 10.4 9.0 1996 5/:10.1 8.9 9.3 8.1 6.5 : : Milk-Feed Ratio 7/ : 1993 : 2.96 2.87 2.77 2.79 2.81 2.91 2.78 2.70 2.80 2.79 2.77 2.65 2.80 1994 : 2.61 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.36 2.42 2.61 2.72 2.81 2.92 2.96 2.81 2.64 1995 4/: 2.73 2.75 2.73 2.60 2.53 2.47 2.44 2.52 2.56 2.62 2.64 2.55 2.60 1996 5/: 2.54 2.37 2.30 2.16 2.00 : : Turkey-Feed Ratio 8/ : 1993 : 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.1 6.5 1994 : 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.9 7.4 7.4 7.9 7.9 7.3 6.6 1995 4/: 6.7 6.4 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 5.7 6.3 1996 5/: 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.7 4.5 : : Hog-Corn Ratio 9/ : 1993 :20.3 22.0 22.1 21.0 21.9 23.0 20.6 21.0 21.6 20.6 17.3 15.1 21.1 1994 :16.1 17.2 16.2 16.1 16.4 16.4 18.4 19.4 16.2 15.4 14.1 14.5 16.4 1995 4/:16.8 17.5 16.4 15.1 15.3 16.8 17.6 18.5 18.0 16.4 13.9 14.2 16.4 1996 5/:13.7 13.8 13.8 12.9 13.4 : : Steer & Heifer-Corn Ratio 10/ : 1993 :38.8 39.8 38.8 37.8 37.8 37.1 33.8 33.4 33.7 31.8 29.8 27.0 35.0 1994 :27.0 26.2 27.5 28.5 26.8 24.8 28.4 31.6 30.2 32.1 34.4 31.9 29.1 1995 4/:32.6 32.3 30.6 28.2 26.3 25.2 23.5 23.5 23.0 22.3 22.7 21.1 25.9 1996 5/:20.3 18.1 17.2 15.1 13.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, commerical feed prices (except corn) are surveyed only in April. 2/ Simple average of monthly ratios. 3/ Number of pounds of broiler grower feed equal in value to one pound of broiler live weight. 4/ Revised. 5/ Preliminary. 6/ Number of pounds of laying feed equal in value to one dozen market eggs. 7/ Pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal in value to one pound of whole milk. 8/ Number of pounds of turkey grower feed equal in value to one pound of turkey, live weight. 9/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of hog live weight. 10/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifer live weight. Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for, agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely in April when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative................ A-2 Cows, Beef............. A-18 Price Indexes............ A-3 Cows, Milk............. A-21 Prices Received Eggs................... A-20 U.S. Summary........... A-6-7 Flaxseed............... A-14 Selected Commodities... A-12 Fruit, Citrus.......... A-16 Upland Cotton and Rice: Hay.................... A-15 Prices and Marketings.. A-15 All Hogs............... A-19 Parity Prices............ A-22-23 Lambs.................. A-20 Reliability Statement.... A-32-33 Milk................... A-21 Oats................... A-13 Monthly State Prices Peanuts................ A-14 Potatoes............... A-17 Apples................... A-15 Sheep.................. A-20 Barley................... A-13 Sorghum, Grain......... A-13 Barrows and Gilts........ A-19 Soybeans............... A-13 Beans, Dry Edible........ A-14 Sows................... A-19 Beef Cattle.............. A-18 Steers and Heifers..... A-18 Broilers................. A-20 Tobacco................ A-14 Calves................... A-18 Turkeys................ A-20 Corn..................... A-13 Wheat.................. A-12 Cotton................... A-15 Cottonseed............... A-15 Special Features Cotton and Cottonseed: Monthly and Marketing Year Average, by State and U.S., 1995 ........................................ A-24 Tobacco: Marketing Year Average, by Type, State, and U.S., 1994-95 .............................................. A-25-26 Tobacco: Revised Monthly Prices, All Types by State and U.S., 1994-96 .............................................. A-27 Tobacco: Revised Monthly Prices, by Type, State, and U.S., 1994-96 .............................................. A-28-31 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative................................................ B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios........................ ....... B-2-3 Charts................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios.............................................. B-7 Reliability Statement.................................... B-9 State Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry.......................... B-7 Special Features Feed: Prices Paid, and Price Ratios...................... B-8 Report Features Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Economic Statistics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Economic Statistics Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Commodity Prices Section (Prices Received) Herb Vanderberry, Head - Prices Received Indexes (202) 720-5446 James Hand - Potatoes, Hogs, Sheep & Lambs, Milk, Wool (202) 690-3236 Gail Hanneman - Grains, Oilseeds, Hay (202) 690-0270 Joel Moore - Cattle, Cotton, Poultry (202) 690-3234 Howard Hill - Fruits, Peanuts, Tobacco, Sugar Crops (202) 720-7235 Kirby Cavett - Vegetables (202) 690-3237 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Douglas Kleweno, Head (202) 720-4214 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Paid Indexes, Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds (202) 690-3226 Jim Williams - Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Grazing Fees, Autos & Trucks (202) 690-3225 The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on June 27, 1996. 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