HDR1012000120010327971500Agricultural Prices Released March 27, 1997, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" or other assistance see page B-12. Prices Received Index Rises 3 Points The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in March was 108 based on 1990-92=100, up 3 points (2.9 percent) from February. Price increases from February for cattle, soybeans, corn, and tomatoes more than offset price decreases for eggs, hogs, broilers, and grapefruit. The seasonal changes in the mix of commodities farmers sell also affect the overall index level. Higher seasonal marketings of tomatoes, milk, soybeans, and strawberries more than offset the relatively lower marketings of cattle, cotton, corn, and oranges. These changes contributed one point of the three point increase in the overall index. Compared with March 1996, the All Farm Products Index was 1 point (0.9 percent) lower. Price decreases from March 1996 for corn, wheat, eggs, and potatoes more than offset price increases for cattle, soybeans, broilers, and hay. Prices Paid Index Unchanged The March Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 116 percent of the 1990-92 average. The index was unchanged from February but 2 points (1.8 percent) above March 1996. Since February, higher prices for feed grains, concentrates, feeder livestock, and fertilizers were offset by lower agricultural chemical and fuel prices. Index Summary Table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 Index :----------------------------------------------------- 1990-92=100 : Feb : Mar : Feb : Mar ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Prices Received : 106 : 109 : 105 : 108 : : : : Prices Paid : 113 : 114 : 116 : 116 : : : : Ratio 1/ : 94 : 96 : 91 : 93 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. The National Agricultural Statistics Service will not publish revised calendar year prices or preliminary Market Year Average prices for field crops in the April 1997 "Agricultural Prices". Historically, the monthly adjustments were minor, and are no longer needed by the Farm Service Agency to calculate deficiency payments. Pr 1 (3-97) Prices Received by Farmers The March All Farm Products Index was 108 percent of its 1990-92 base, up 2.9 percent from February but down 0.9 percent from March 1996. All Crops: The March index was 119, up 5.3 percent from February but 7.8 percent below March 1996. From February, price increases for vegetables, feed grains and hay, and oilseeds more than offset price declines for fruits and tobacco. Feed Grains & Hay: The March index was 124, up 4.2 percent from last month but 15 percent below March 1996. Corn prices, at $2.78 per bushel, were up 13 cents from February but were 73 cents below the March 1996 price. The all hay price was up $3.00 per ton from last month. Oil-Bearing Crops: The March index, at 141, was up 7.6 percent from February and 13 percent above March 1996. Soybean prices, at $7.95 per bushel, increased 57 cents from February. Continued tight supplies have held prices up. Food Grains: The March index, at 136, was up 1.5 percent from the previous month but 16 percent below March 1996. The March all wheat price, at $3.96 per bushel, was up 8 cents from February but $1.11 below the March 1996 price. Fruit and Nuts: The March all fruit and nuts index, at 91, decreased 1.1 percent from the previous month and was 12 percent below March 1996. Lower prices for grapefruit, apples, and lemons accounted for the decline. Cotton: The March index, at 114, was up 0.9 percent from February but 10 percent below March 1996. The March cotton price, at 69.1 cents per pound, was up 0.9 cent from February but 7.7 cents below March 1996. Livestock and Products: The March index, at 98, was unchanged from February but up 5.4 percent from March 1996. Prices received for cattle, calves, hogs, and broilers were up from a year ago, while milk, turkey, and egg prices were down. Meat Animals: The March index, at 92, was up 2.2 percent from last month and 11 percent above March 1996. The March beef cattle price, at $64.40, was up $2.50 from February and $7.60 above a year earlier. The March hog price of $49.00 was down $3.80 from February, but up 30 cents from March 1996. Fed cattle prices were supported by anticipated fast food specials and lower slaughter weights that helped hold down beef production. Hog prices dropped from February as slaughter volumes rose to, or above, year earlier levels. Dairy Products: The March index, at 104, was 1.0 percent above February but 1.0 percent below last year. The March all milk price, at $13.60 per cwt, was 10 cents above February, but 10 cents below last year. February milk production was up 2 percent from a year ago on a daily basis. The cheese market remains steady in March while fluid milk prices moved up. Poultry and Eggs: The March index, at 111, was 5.9 percent below February and 0.9 percent below a year ago. The March broiler price, at 38.0 cents per pound decreased 1.1 cents from February. Market eggs decreased 4.9 cents to 60.5 cents per dozen. Turkeys increased 1.4 cents to 37.8 cents per pound. Supplies of broilers and eggs are expanding. Index Numbers of Prices Received by Farmers, United States, March 1997, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 1/ :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 :Average:---------------------------------------------- :1990-92: Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 691 *669 683 109 105 108 : All Crops : 500 634 559 586 129 113 119 Food Grains : 325 512 *425 433 161 *134 136 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 520 *425 444 146 *119 124 Cotton : 517 649 *576 584 127 *113 114 Tobacco : 1263 1517 *1787 1652 100 *118 109 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 683 *719 772 125 131 141 Fruit & Nuts : 716 719 *643 634 103 *92 91 Commercial Vegetables : 698 938 *699 845 140 *105 126 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 665 *434 479 131 *86 95 Other Crops : 493 532 532 532 108 108 108 : Livestock & Products : 768 717 *756 754 93 98 98 Meat Animals : 1021 840 *918 930 83 *90 92 Dairy Products : 799 842 *830 836 105 *103 104 Poultry & Eggs : 282 314 331 311 112 118 111 : Food Commodities : 104 *103 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ 1990-92=100 reference replaced 1977=100 in January 1995. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid by Farmers, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1996 and 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 108 108 121 116 94 98 113 116 113 115 Feb : 106 105 123 113 93 98 113 116 113 115 Mar : 109 108 129 119 93 98 114 116 114 115 Apr : 108 128 93 114 114 May : 111 131 96 115 115 Jun : 118 140 99 115 115 Jul : 119 136 103 115 116 Aug : 117 133 103 115 116 Sep : 116 125 106 115 116 Oct : 112 119 103 115 114 Nov : 111 118 102 115 114 Dec : 110 116 103 115 114 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received by Farmers, United States, March 1997, with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Mar : Feb : Mar : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 3.24 2.44 2.42 Feed : Bu : 1.90 3.05 2.22 2.20 Malting : Bu : 2.43 3.39 2.65 2.63 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 19.90 23.40 22.30 Corn : Bu : 2.30 3.51 2.65 2.78 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .768 .682 .691 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 128.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 5.28 6.30 6.28 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 80.10 105.00 108.00 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 85.50 115.00 116.00 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 67.40 80.00 80.10 Oats : Bu : 1.22 2.04 1.81 1.80 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 7.51 4.55 5.28 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 9.20 10.10 10.20 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 6.51 4.17 4.49 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 7.00 7.38 7.95 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 12.10 12.20 11.50 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.745 2.055 1.900 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 5.07 3.88 3.96 Winter : Bu : 2.93 5.06 3.90 3.97 Durum : Bu : 2.86 5.75 4.31 4.11 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 4.87 3.80 3.93 Hard Red : Bu : 2.95 4.97 3.95 Soft Red : Bu : 2.87 4.53 3.59 White : Bu : 3.24 4.87 3.64 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.77 1.46 2.12 .710 Lemons : Box : 10.10 1.87 .620 -.570 Limes : Box : 10.15 19.58 Oranges : Box : 5.79 5.20 3.60 3.88 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 .930 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 9.33 8.73 10.41 Temples : Box : 6.23 4.32 1.51 1.61 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .251 .212 .184 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 316.00 532.00 488.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 .659 .800 .775 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers, United States, March 1997, with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Mar : Feb : Mar : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 87.90 140.00 132.00 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 30.90 28.90 29.90 Cantaloupes : Cwt : Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 15.90 14.30 14.10 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 52.90 34.80 31.80 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 12.20 16.20 13.40 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 29.40 36.60 36.90 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 37.10 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 16.50 9.66 12.60 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 8.07 7.81 8.68 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 70.90 87.70 62.80 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 81.70 45.70 71.40 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 59.40 74.90 79.50 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 56.80 61.90 64.40 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 31.40 33.30 36.50 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 60.20 65.20 67.70 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 48.70 52.80 49.00 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 49.50 53.00 49.20 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 35.20 47.20 45.20 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 86.60 99.80 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 34.00 41.40 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.06 13.70 13.50 5/13.60 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 13.70 13.50 5/13.60 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 12.60 12.40 5/12.40 : : Broilers, Live 6/ : Lb : .317 .337 .391 .380 Eggs, All 7/ : Doz : .643 .803 .757 .718 Market 7/ : Doz : .546 .711 .654 .605 Turkeys, Live 6/7/ : Lb : .380 .418 .364 .378 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .795 .742 .704 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 14.27 13.64 14.02 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling and government witholding, but includes bulk tank, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.71, fluid milk 3.70, mfg grade 3.85. 6/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers for most States. 7/ Mid-month price. Wheat: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AR : 3.76 3.60 3.76 3.60 CA : 4.38 3/ 4.32 3/ 3/ 3/ CO : 4.06 3.99 4.07 4.00 3.58 3.67 ID : 3.59 3.83 3.65 3.85 3.53 3.80 IL : 3.37 3.50 3.37 3.50 IN : 3.27 3.39 3.27 3.39 KS : 4.13 4.15 4.13 4.15 MI : 3.20 3.35 3.20 3.35 MN : 3.84 3.90 3/ 3/ 3.84 3.90 MO : 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 MT : 4.06 4.08 4.07 4.05 4.41 4.20 4.05 4.10 NE : 4.09 4.09 4.09 4.09 ND : 3.91 3.95 4.27 4.20 4.31 4.10 3.78 3.90 OH : 3.57 3.70 3.57 3.70 OK : 3.97 4.11 3.97 4.11 OR : 3.80 3.85 3.80 3.85 SD : 3.75 3.84 3.77 3.82 3/ 4.15 3.72 3.86 TX : 4.00 4.11 4.00 4.11 WA : 3.78 3.82 3.75 3.81 4.04 3.89 : US : 3.88 3.96 3.90 3.97 4.31 4.11 3.80 3.93 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1996 and 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 :1997 2/:1996 :1997 2/: 1996 :1997 2/: 1996 :1997 2/: 1996 :1997 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 4.83 4.03 3.09 2.69 6.78 7.13 59.00 61.40 42.60 53.80 Feb : 4.98 3.88 3.37 2.65 7.00 7.38 57.90 61.90 46.50 52.80 Mar : 5.07 3.96 3.51 2.78 7.00 7.95 56.80 64.40 48.70 49.00 Apr : 5.32 3.85 7.43 54.90 49.70 May : 5.75 4.14 7.69 54.70 56.80 Jun : 5.25 4.20 7.41 56.40 56.40 Jul : 4.73 4.43 7.62 59.10 58.60 Aug : 4.58 4.30 7.82 61.30 59.70 Sep : 4.37 3.55 7.79 63.80 54.70 Oct : 4.18 2.89 6.95 63.30 55.60 Nov : 4.14 2.66 6.90 63.40 54.40 Dec : 4.06 2.63 6.91 61.00 55.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. Grains: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Feb 2/:Mar 3/:Feb 2/:Mar 3/:Feb 2/:Mar 3/:Feb 2/:Mar 3/: Feb 2/: Mar 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 7.65 8.05 5.15 5.08 CA : 4/ 4/ CO : 2.41 2.55 2.67 2.75 GA : 3.34 3.40 7.60 8.15 ID : 3.12 3.13 IL : 2.72 2.85 2.16 2.15 7.48 8.00 4.45 4.75 IN : 2.73 2.93 7.34 8.13 IA : 2.56 2.65 2.06 2.03 7.30 7.85 KS : 2.70 2.77 7.27 8.02 4.04 4.37 KY : 2.85 2.95 7.63 8.10 LA : 7.71 8.48 MI : 2.66 2.85 2.33 2.40 7.44 8.00 MN : 2.17 2.13 2.41 2.60 1.67 1.70 7.17 7.50 MS : 7.48 8.09 MO : 2.65 2.80 7.39 7.75 4.28 4.45 MT : 3.09 2.97 1.92 1.85 NE : 2.62 2.80 2.09 2.05 7.24 8.00 4.31 4.65 NC : 3.31 3.35 7.49 8.13 ND : 2.15 2.13 1.46 1.40 OH : 2.78 3.00 2.13 2.25 7.52 8.30 OK : 4.07 4.33 OR : 2.61 2.60 2.06 2.15 PA : 3.13 3.21 2.33 2.30 SD : 2.29 2.27 2.36 2.52 1.78 1.75 7.13 7.84 TN : 7.63 8.25 TX : 2.85 3.07 4.29 4.66 UT : 2.59 2.62 WA : 2.39 2.44 WI : 2.58 2.65 1.96 2.00 7.14 7.65 WY : 3.35 3.15 : US : 2.44 2.42 2.65 2.78 1.81 1.80 7.38 7.95 4.17 4.49 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for March 1997 is $2.02. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb : Mar : Feb : Mar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 3.36 3.40 2.64 2.62 MN : 2.23 2.21 2.15 2.10 MT : 3.50 3.45 2.34 2.25 ND : 2.21 2.20 1.99 1.95 SD : 2.47 2.40 1.90 1.91 WY : 3.48 3.45 2.50 2.45 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/5/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 3/:Feb 1/:Mar 4/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : CA : 39.60 39.50 CO : 21.10 20.10 FL : GA : ID : 24.50 24.10 IN : 1.920 KS : 5/ 5/ KY : 1.995 1.910 MD : 1.880 MI : 20.10 20.00 MN : 21.30 21.20 13.60 13.40 MO : NE : 19.10 19.20 NC : ND : 19.10 18.60 12.70 11.90 6/ 6/ OH : 1.925 OK : SC : SD : 10.80 10.00 6.30 6.28 TN : 2.235 1.960 TX : VA : WV : : US : 23.40 22.30 12.20 11.50 6.30 6.28 2.055 1.900 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ Marketing year Aug - Jan. 5/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. 6/ Price not published due to insufficient data. Tobacco: Prices Received, by Area and Type, March 1997, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Mar : Feb : Mar Class by Type : Type : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound : : Fire-cured : : Eastern District : 22 : 1.900 2.230 1.935 Western District : 23 : 1.640 2.185 1.975 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: 1.875 2.220 1.935 Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 1.875 2.220 1.935 : : Light Air-cured : : Burley : 31 : 1.900 Southern MD Belt : 32 : 1.670 1.880 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.670 1.900 1.880 : : Dark Air-cured : : One Sucker Belt : 35 : 1.830 Green River Belt : 36 : KY-TN Dark Air-cured: 35-36: 1.830 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.830 : : US : 11-37: 1.745 2.055 1.900 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : March : Cotton, Upland :------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : .676 6/ AZ : .692 .727 133.00 134.00 60.00 AR : .666 .658 CA : .777 .767 131.00 132.00 89.00 .225 CO : 110.00 111.00 100.00 GA : .680 .710 ID : 116.00 117.00 90.00 IL : 123.00 130.00 96.00 IA : 110.00 118.00 77.00 KS : 87.00 89.00 69.00 KY : 73.00 108.00 69.00 LA : .654 .647 MI : 123.00 125.00 110.00 .170 MN : 97.00 103.00 71.00 MS : .670 .677 MO : 72.00 105.00 65.00 MT : 112.00 114.00 93.00 NE : 70.00 75.00 51.00 NV : 111.00 114.00 85.00 NM : 142.00 146.00 108.00 NY : 95.00 106.00 84.00 .172 NC : .701 .714 ND : 61.00 68.00 45.00 OH : 157.00 190.00 100.00 .270 OK : 98.00 122.00 61.00 OR : 115.00 118.00 82.00 PA : 120.00 140.00 111.00 .240 SD : 91.00 99.00 64.00 TN : .663 .676 TX : .656 .663 80.00 150.00 78.00 UT : 83.00 84.00 53.00 VA : .276 WA : 120.00 117.00 135.00 .179 WI : 95.00 101.00 72.00 WY : 94.00 95.00 85.00 : US : .682 .691 108.00 116.00 80.10 .184 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Marketing year August-February. 6/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, March 1997, with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit : Jan 1997 1/ : Feb 1997 1/ : Mar 1997 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .678 .682 .691 Marketings 3/ : 1,000 Bales : 2713 1551 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 9.87 10.10 10.20 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Cwt : 15927 12086 NA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Expanded data from sample of about 56 percent of buyers. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, By States, and United States, March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity, : F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------- State : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree and Area : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit 2/ : AZ : 10.30 4.31 4.86 -0.28 2.37 2.92 -2.22 CA : 11.30 2.16 5.86 -0.22 0.22 3.92 -2.16 FL : 11.50 2.84 5.11 2.16 0.28 3.11 -0.56 White Seedless : 10.60 2.52 4.20 2.25 -0.08 2.20 -0.45 Colored Seedless: 12.10 3.54 5.70 1.90 1.03 3.70 -1.00 Other : 2.00 2.00 0.20 0.20 TX : 13.10 3.66 4.40 1.50 2.52 3.25 0.40 : CA-AZ 2/ : 10.80 2.81 5.36 -0.22 0.87 3.42 -2.16 : US : 12.20 2.99 4.81 2.10 0.71 3.17 -0.50 : Lemons : AZ : 18.50 6.69 10.06 1.08 3.05 6.42 -2.56 CA : 18.20 3.06 9.76 1.08 -0.58 6.12 -2.56 : US : 18.20 3.07 9.76 1.08 -0.57 6.12 -2.56 : Oranges : AZ : 17.00 10.94 11.07 -0.48 8.87 9.01 -2.46 Navel and Misc : 8.76 2.51 2.74 -0.48 0.53 0.76 -2.46 Valencia : 18.50 12.60 12.60 10.52 10.52 CA : 15.30 7.33 9.33 -0.48 5.35 7.34 -2.46 Navel and Misc : 15.10 7.07 9.08 -0.48 5.09 7.10 -2.46 Valencia : 18.20 10.87 12.30 -0.48 8.79 10.22 -2.56 FL : 13.20 5.13 6.80 5.00 3.13 4.80 3.00 Valencia : 13.20 5.13 6.80 5.00 3.13 4.80 3.00 TX : 17.00 7.45 8.30 4.35 6.16 7.00 3.10 Valencia : 17.00 7.45 8.30 4.35 6.16 7.00 3.10 : CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 15.10 7.05 9.06 -0.48 5.07 7.08 -2.46 Valencia : 18.30 11.15 12.35 -0.48 9.07 10.27 -2.56 : US : 15.10 5.87 8.96 4.48 3.88 6.97 2.49 : Tangerines : AZ : 24.90 18.53 19.00 0.02 16.45 16.92 -2.06 CA : 20.30 10.00 14.40 -0.32 7.92 12.32 -2.40 FL : 30.40 14.12 22.30 5.25 10.24 19.00 0.75 : US : 27.40 13.80 20.14 4.49 10.41 17.28 0.32 : Temples : FL : 14.00 4.79 7.60 4.25 1.61 5.60 0.85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Approximate net contents per box are as follows: Grapefruit - AZ and CA 67 lbs; FL, 85 lbs; TX, 80 lbs; Lemons - 76 lbs; Oranges - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 90 lbs; TX 85 lbs; Tangerines - AZ and CA, 75 lbs; FL, 95 lbs; Temples - 90 lbs. 2/ California Desert Valley and Other areas Grapefruit estimates combined with All Grapefruit beginning in 1995-1996. Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Feb : Mar :: State : Feb : Mar : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : :: ND - All 1/ : 5.00 4.90 CA - All : 8.75 7.25 :: - Fresh 2/ : 3.70 NA - Winter : 19.90 19.80 :: - Processing : 5.20 NA - Spring : :: OH : 6.70 5.85 - Summer : :: OR : 4.50 4.85 - Fall : 4.80 4.70 :: PA : 7.35 7.60 CO - All 1/ : 1.70 1.75 :: TX : - Fresh 2/ : 1.15 NA :: VA : FL : 24.00 20.00 :: WA - All : 5.15 5.20 ID - All 1/ : 3.20 3.55 :: - Processing : 5.50 NA - Fresh 2/ : 2.00 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 4.30 3.65 - Processing : 4.20 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 1.60 NA ME : 4.45 4.65 :: - Processing : 5.05 NA MI : 5.35 5.30 :: : MN : 4.35 4.25 :: US - All 1/ : 4.55 5.28 NY : 7.05 7.10 :: - Fresh 2/ : 3.80 NA : :: - Processing : 4.96 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 36.00 38.00 64.50 66.50 61.10 63.40 73.00 79.00 AR : 34.20 37.50 66.40 69.00 50.00 52.90 61.30 66.60 CA : 31.00 33.00 61.00 63.00 46.30 48.90 65.00 68.00 CO : 35.30 39.40 66.50 68.90 64.30 67.10 78.40 83.20 FL : 33.10 37.40 60.90 64.00 40.10 41.70 77.50 83.10 GA : 33.00 38.00 59.90 64.70 43.80 48.70 68.50 76.30 ID : 32.20 37.70 62.40 66.30 55.80 59.40 68.00 71.00 IL : 34.90 39.50 64.70 67.20 64.10 66.60 96.00 98.00 IA : 37.30 40.90 64.70 68.40 63.00 64.60 69.10 72.70 KS : 34.30 37.30 65.40 66.70 64.50 65.80 77.00 81.00 KY : 33.00 38.00 61.00 64.00 54.30 57.80 64.00 70.00 LA : 34.00 37.00 63.20 69.00 42.20 46.00 69.60 76.00 MI : 34.00 36.20 60.00 62.50 49.60 52.00 54.50 52.50 MN : 32.70 36.00 62.00 64.00 59.70 61.80 65.00 68.00 MO : 34.20 37.40 67.60 70.10 61.60 64.20 73.60 76.50 MT : 38.00 40.80 70.30 72.80 64.80 63.80 77.30 80.30 NE : 32.20 34.80 66.30 68.30 65.20 67.30 79.20 79.00 NM : 38.90 42.80 62.10 65.80 52.60 57.50 71.30 76.10 ND : 34.60 34.00 67.30 67.00 60.10 59.40 69.30 68.50 OH : 30.50 34.00 61.70 66.00 58.60 62.80 67.10 72.00 OK : 35.60 40.70 68.40 68.10 63.70 64.30 76.60 81.60 OR : 35.00 37.00 63.00 65.00 54.60 56.60 66.60 67.60 PA : 32.90 35.30 63.40 64.50 55.50 56.90 70.90 69.00 SD : 31.80 36.70 69.00 68.90 64.90 65.70 75.50 78.50 TN : 32.60 38.00 63.70 67.00 51.30 55.40 69.00 74.80 TX : 32.70 36.40 65.00 69.60 62.40 66.90 77.20 84.10 VA : 29.10 32.00 59.00 61.70 48.00 53.70 61.90 68.00 WI : 34.60 38.00 61.50 62.50 45.90 48.30 94.20 97.90 WY : 37.40 40.00 69.70 70.00 64.90 67.00 77.70 78.00 : US : 33.30 36.50 65.20 67.70 61.90 64.40 74.90 79.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 45.30 44.00 48.70 46.10 48.40 45.90 IL : 46.80 45.30 50.60 47.50 50.30 47.30 IN : 48.50 45.50 50.80 47.00 50.60 46.90 IA : 48.60 45.90 55.80 51.40 55.80 51.30 KS : 48.50 46.10 51.10 47.30 50.80 47.20 KY : 46.00 45.00 52.00 48.00 51.80 47.90 MI : 44.00 42.00 53.00 49.50 52.40 49.00 MN : 48.30 47.00 54.20 51.00 54.00 50.80 MO : 48.20 45.80 50.50 46.80 50.40 46.80 NE : 49.10 46.70 55.10 50.90 55.00 50.80 NC : 49.70 45.60 52.00 47.80 52.00 47.80 OH : 44.90 44.00 52.90 51.00 52.40 50.60 PA : 46.20 45.00 51.50 48.50 50.70 48.00 SC : 46.60 43.60 49.20 45.80 49.00 45.70 SD : 44.20 42.20 55.40 50.30 54.30 49.50 TN : 44.40 43.80 48.50 44.50 48.10 44.40 TX : 41.40 41.20 47.50 44.10 46.70 43.70 VA : 43.00 41.80 50.80 48.30 50.60 48.20 WI : 44.70 42.00 50.40 46.40 49.70 45.80 : US : 47.20 45.20 53.00 49.20 52.80 49.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : February : March :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Sheep : Lambs : Turkeys : Broilers: Eggs : 1/ : 1/ : 2/3/ : 1/4/ : 2/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Pound Dol/Doz : AL : .380 .600 AZ : AR : .38 .390 .620 CA : 37.00 98.00 .40 .380 .620 CO : 39.90 101.00 CT : .600 DE : .350 FL : .570 GA : .395 .590 ID : 33.00 90.00 IN : .42 .630 IA : 34.50 100.00 .45 .535 KS : 35.00 93.00 ME : .720 MD : .350 MI : .590 MN : 35.90 102.00 .41 .550 MS : .380 .621 MO : .36 .548 MT : 41.80 105.00 NE : 36.20 103.00 NM : NY : .660 NC : .34 .370 .564 OH : 35.40 102.40 .630 OR : 37.00 84.80 PA : .42 .360 .640 SC : .593 SD : 42.00 106.00 TX : 46.70 99.20 .400 .580 UT : 35.00 95.00 VA : .35 .360 WA : .650 WY : 40.50 99.40 : US : 41.40 99.80 .378 .380 .605 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ IN, IA, MN and PA are actual liveweight prices. All other State prices are equivalent liveweight returns to producers (see footnote 4 for formula). 4/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers. Derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formula: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = equivalent liveweight price. 5/ Market (table) eggs. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, February and March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : February : March :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 14.90 3.59 14.90 3.59 15.40 3.52 AZ : 13.00 3.55 13.00 3.55 13.30 3.54 AR : 14.10 3.64 14.10 3.64 14.50 3.59 CA : 12.80 3.76 12.00 4.10 12.78 3.77 12.60 3.71 CO : 12.90 3.64 12.90 3.64 13.00 3.60 FL : 16.40 3.63 16.40 3.63 16.80 3.61 GA : 14.10 3.63 14.10 3.63 14.70 3.60 ID : 12.80 3.69 12.60 3.87 12.80 3.70 12.70 3.64 IL : 12.90 3.79 12.90 3.98 12.90 3.80 13.20 3.82 IN : 12.90 3.77 11.50 3.84 12.80 3.77 12.90 3.75 IA : 12.80 3.78 12.60 3.85 12.80 3.79 12.90 3.76 KS : 13.00 3.72 12.20 3.80 13.00 3.72 13.40 3.66 KY : 13.50 3.66 11.30 3.74 13.50 3.66 14.00 3.64 LA : 14.40 3.52 14.40 3.52 14.80 3.50 MD : 13.70 3.74 13.70 3.74 14.30 3.74 MI : 13.60 3.73 11.80 3.79 13.60 3.73 13.60 3.70 MN : 13.55 3.79 12.35 3.83 13.43 3.79 13.30 3.78 MS : 14.40 3.46 14.40 3.46 15.00 3.50 MO : 13.50 3.69 12.20 3.74 13.40 3.69 13.50 3.59 NE : 12.90 3.79 12.20 3.90 12.90 3.80 13.10 3.76 NM : 13.40 3.59 13.40 3.59 13.10 3.53 NY : 13.20 3.71 13.20 3.71 13.60 3.71 NC : 15.60 3.67 11.50 4.05 15.60 3.67 16.20 3.62 ND : 13.50 3.71 11.60 3.73 12.70 3.72 12.70 3.70 OH : 13.40 3.77 11.70 3.85 13.20 3.78 13.40 3.75 OK : 13.80 3.63 13.80 3.63 14.40 3.55 OR : 13.20 3.71 12.10 4.30 13.20 3.72 13.50 3.66 PA : 13.90 3.72 12.40 3.90 13.90 3.72 13.80 3.70 TN : 13.90 3.60 11.60 3.71 13.90 3.60 14.40 3.54 TX : 13.90 3.64 13.90 3.64 13.50 3.59 UT : 12.60 3.68 12.10 3.75 12.60 3.69 12.70 3.64 VT : 13.60 3.78 13.60 3.78 14.00 3.76 VA : 14.30 3.64 10.70 3.56 14.30 3.64 14.50 3.59 WA : 13.20 3.71 13.20 3.71 13.60 3.67 WI : 13.80 3.84 12.97 3.93 13.73 3.85 13.90 3.84 : US : 13.50 3.73 12.40 3.87 13.50 3.74 13.60 3.71 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including milk diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, February and March 1997, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Mar 1996 : Feb 1997 : Mar 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 25.96 26.70 26.60 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 12.60 12.40 2/12.40 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.88 3.87 2/3.85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1997 is 90.8 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 91.4 percent in 1996. For additional details, see January 1997 issue of "Agricultural Prices". 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for March 1997, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar : : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 : 1996: 1997: 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .623 9.13 9.48 9.47 56 41 42 Rice, Cwt : 1.69 25.10 25.70 25.70 37 39 40 Corn, Bu : .418 6.07 6.36 6.35 58 42 44 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .112 1.68 1.70 1.70 46 40 41 Extra Long Staple : .150 2.25 2.28 2.28 Peanuts, Lb : .0430 .656 .654 .654 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .250 3.71 3.80 3.80 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .233 3.40 3.54 3.54 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .303 4.40 4.61 4.61 43 48 42 Burley, 31 : .259 3.84 3.94 3.94 48 Maryland, 32 : .225 3.22 3.42 3.42 52 55 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .253 3.65 3.85 3.85 48 Sun-Cured, 37 : .209 3.04 3.18 3.18 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .176 2.38 2.68 2.68 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .208 2.92 3.16 3.16 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.56 2.63 2.63 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .429 5.51 6.53 6.52 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.93 28.40 29.40 29.30 2/50 2/46 2/48 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0859 1.20 1.31 1.31 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .270 4.17 4.11 4.10 Mohair, Lb : .721 10.50 11.00 11.00 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .381 5.51 5.80 5.79 59 42 42 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.30 220.00 233.00 233.00 55 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.28 48.20 49.90 49.90 41 47 45 Flaxseed, Bu : .748 10.90 11.40 11.40 48 55 55 Oats, Bu : .237 3.38 3.60 3.60 60 50 50 Potatoes, Cwt : .839 12.80 12.80 12.80 59 36 41 Rye, Bu : .303 4.15 4.61 4.61 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .661 9.48 10.10 10.00 69 41 45 Soybeans, Bu : .901 13.10 13.70 13.70 53 54 58 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 1.25 19.90 19.00 19.00 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0290 .422 .441 .441 59 48 42 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .704 9.91 10.70 10.70 15 20 7 Lemons : 1.15 18.20 17.50 17.50 10 4 10/ Limes (FL) : 1.30 20.80 19.80 19.80 99 Oranges : .900 12.20 13.70 13.70 43 26 28 Tangerines : 1.90 28.70 28.90 28.90 33 30 36 Temples (FL) : .755 9.95 11.50 11.50 43 13 14 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.99 149.00 152.00 152.00 38 41 42 Calves, Cwt : 12.70 192.00 193.00 193.00 31 39 41 Hogs, Cwt : 6.79 102.00 103.00 103.00 48 51 48 Lambs, Cwt : 10.00 151.00 152.00 152.00 57 66 Sheep, Cwt : 4.06 60.40 61.80 61.70 56 67 Eggs, Doz : .0935 1.38 1.42 1.42 2/58 2/52 2/50 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0573 .866 .872 .871 48 42 43 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Parity Prices Based on Data for March 1997, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Peaches, cont. : Hops, Lb : .239 3.63 : Processing 6/ : Spearmint Oil, Lb: 1.91 29.00 : Excl Dried : Tobacco, Lb : : Clingstone, : Type 61 : 2.58 39.20 : CA, Ton : 30.80 468.00 : : Pears, Ton : Noncitrus Fruit : : Fresh 5/ : 50.20 763.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Dried, CA 7/ : 140.00 2130.00 Processing : 18.30 278.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : Apricots, Ton : : Fresh, Equiv : Fresh 8/ : 147.00 2230.00 : on-Tree : 53.60 815.00 Dried, CA : 309.00 4700.00 : Prunes, Dried, : Avocados, Ton 8/ : 141.00 2140.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 122.00 1850.00 Cherries : : Prunes and Plums,: Sweet, Ton : 147.00 2230.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Tart, Lb : .0363 .552 : Fresh 10/ : 55.70 847.00 Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.10 108.00 : Processing 7/ : Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 130.00 1980.00 : Excl Dried : 21.10 321.00 Grapes, Ton : : : Raisin Variety : 137.00 2080.00 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Other Dried : 52.60 800.00 : Almonds, Lb : .212 3.22 Kiwifruit, Ton : 84.80 1290.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 116.00 1760.00 Nectarines : : Pistachio, Lb : .173 2.63 Fresh, Calif, : : Walnuts, Ton : 148.00 2250.00 Ton 8/ : 61.60 936.00 : : Olives, CA : :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Canning, Ton 6/: 93.70 1420.00 : Fresh : Papayas (HA) Lb : .0410 .623 : Carrots 9/ : 1.55 23.60 Peaches : : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.18 63.50 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0401 .610 : Celery 9/ : 1.83 27.80 Dried, CA, : : Honeydew Melons : 2.40 36.50 Ton : 131.00 1990.00 : Lettuce : 2.14 32.50 : : Onions 9/ : 1.71 26.00 : : Tomatoes : 4.33 65.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual average prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Wool and Mohair: Prices Received, Marketing Year Average, by States, 1995-96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Wool : Mohair State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound : AL : 1.15 .38 AK : 1.25 .90 AZ : .62 .61 1.52 1.47 CA : 1.02 .67 CO : 1.09 .73 CT : .78 .40 ID : .88 .62 IL : .55 .34 IN : .55 .31 IA : .60 .39 KS : .83 .51 KY : .70 .33 LA : .68 .33 ME : .76 .45 MD : .81 .49 MA : .80 .40 MI : .68 .36 MN : .64 .43 MO : .64 .36 MT : 1.23 .94 NE : .65 .49 NV : 1.08 .69 NH : .98 .60 NJ : .76 .78 NM : 1.17 .85 1.66 1.61 NY : .84 .55 NC : .85 .62 ND : .94 .70 OH : .65 .39 OK : .79 .50 1.73 1.73 OR : .80 .45 PA : .78 .49 SD : 1.08 .77 TN : .82 .42 TX : 1.15 .84 1.85 1.95 UT : 1.01 .65 VT : .84 .60 VA : .88 .48 WA : .84 .60 WV : .88 .51 WI : .62 .42 WY : 1.20 .86 : Oth 1/ : .70 .40 : US : 1.04 .70 2/ 1.84 2/ 1.92 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes AR, DE, FL, GA, MS, RI and SC. 2/ 4-States Reliability of Prices Received by Farmers Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices" and in the annual summary published in August. A schedule of monthly revisions is published in the December issue of "Agricultural Prices" and in the August annual summary. Reliability: U.S. price estimates generally have a sampling error of less than one half percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of prices received estimates for major grain commodities, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown in the table on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the 5-month corn price is 0.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current 5-month price of $2.47 per bushel will not be above or below the final 5-month price by more than 0.2 percent, or about half of a cent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90% confidence interval) that the difference will not exceed 0.3 percent, or about three-fourths of a penny. Reliability of Five-Month Prices Received Estimates 1983 - 1992 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Root Mean Square Error :: 10-Year Record of :-----------------------:: Differences Between : :90% Confidence :: Preliminary and Final : : Level ::-------------------------------------- Commodity :Percent:---------------:: Dollars : No. of Years : : : ::-------------------------------------- : :Percent:Dollars:: : : : Below : Above : : : :: Avg : Min : Max : Final : Final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Corn : .2 .3 .008 .001 .000 .010 0 1 Wheat : .1 .2 .007 .002 .000 -.010 2 0 Sorghum : .2 .3 .007 .002 .000 -.010 1 1 Barley : .5 .9 .020 .006 .000 .030 1 2 Oats : 1.4 2.5 .035 .010 .000 .060 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Five-month prices received estimates represent weighted average prices for the first five months of the marketing year. For corn and sorghum the five month period is September-January. For wheat, barley, and oats the five month period is August-October. Prices Paid The March Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 116 (1990-92=100), unchanged from February but 1.8 percent higher than March 1996. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for March 1997, at 115, was unchanged from a month earlier but was 0.9 percent above last March. Since February, higher prices for feed and fertilizer were offset by lower agricultural chemical and fuel prices. Feed: The March feed index rose 0.8 percent from February to 119. Higher March prices for feed grains and concentrates accounted for the increase. Compared to last March, the index was 7.0 percent lower. Agricultural Chemicals: At 111, the March agricultural chemicals index was down 2.6 percent from February 1997 and 6.7 percent below March of last year. Compared to last month, lower herbicide and fungicide prices more than offset marginally higher insecticide prices. Fuels: The fuels index, at 104, decreased 2.8 percent from a month earlier but was unchanged from March 1996. March 1997 prices for diesel, gasoline, and bulk LP gas were all down from a month earlier. Livestock and Poultry: The index for livestock and poultry purchases, at 89, was unchanged from last month but was 24 percent above a year earlier. Since February, feeder cattle and calf prices gained 20 cents to $71.00 per cwt. March feeder pig prices increased $3.00 to $111.00 per cwt. Fertilizer: The fertilizer index, at 128, was up 0.8 percent from February, but was 1.5 percent less than March a year ago. Since last month, higher prices for nitrogen and mixed fertilizer materials more than offset the slight decline in potash and phosphate materials. Farm Machinery: The farm machinery index, at 127, was unchanged from February. Since March 1996, the index advanced 2.4 percent. Prices for self-propelled harvesting equipment and tractors remained stable since February, while prices for other machinery were marginally higher. Consumer Price Index: The February 1997 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.3 percent before seasonal adjustment in February to a level of 159.6 (1982-84=100). The January index was 159.1. For the 12-month period ended in February, the overall index increased 3.0 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, March 1997 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) : 1497 *1520 1520 114 116 116 Production : 1105 *1110 1110 114 115 115 Feed : 624 *578 584 128 118 119 Livestock and Poultry : 918 1131 1137 72 89 89 Seeds : 1087 1160 1160 110 117 117 Fertilizer : 476 *467 470 130 127 128 Agricultural Chemicals : 752 *725 704 119 *114 111 Fuels : 805 *824 803 104 *107 104 Supplies & Repairs : 811 *827 827 114 116 116 Autos & Trucks : 3264 3322 3322 123 125 125 Farm Machinery : 3104 *3185 3188 124 127 127 Building Material : 1553 *1594 1594 114 117 117 Farm Services & Rent : 1427 1346 1355 Farm Services : 117 117 117 Rent : 119 119 119 Interest 1/ : 2565 2654 2654 102 106 106 Taxes 2/ : 3243 3340 3340 121 125 125 Wage Rates : 4452 4813 4813 119 124 124 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) : 1529 *1515 1515 114 115 115 Family Living-CPI 3/ : 1479 *1515 1515 116 118 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : 96 91 93 Parity Ratio 4/ : 46 44 45 Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : 48 *46 47 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 6/ : 1021 1064 1064 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : 116 118 118 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 112 114 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : 105 107 108 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 119 119 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.039 for 1997 and the revised factor is 1.039 for 1996. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Selected Production Input Sub-Components United States, March 1997 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :----------------------------- Index : 5-Year Moving Average : 1996 : 1997 :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent --- ---- (1990-92=100) ---- : Production Items : 66.1 66.8 114 115 115 : Feed : 11.2 11.3 128 118 119 Complete Feeds : 4.9 5.0 125 118 118 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.0 152 *113 118 Hay/Forages : 1.2 1.3 106 134 135 Concentrates : 1.8 1.8 121 *123 125 Supplements : 1.2 1.2 129 *104 101 Livestock & Poultry : 8.3 7.9 72 89 89 Feeder Cattle : 6.4 6.2 66 84 84 Milk Cow Replacements : .7 .6 94 96 96 Feeder Pigs : .7 .6 80 117 121 Poultry : .5 .5 103 104 104 Seeds : 2.7 2.7 110 117 117 Field Crops : 2.4 2.5 109 117 117 Grasses/Legumes : .3 .2 119 120 120 Fertilizer : 4.6 4.7 130 127 128 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.0 2.1 125 122 123 Nitrogen : 1.9 2.0 141 *142 143 Potash & Phosphate : .5 .6 111 *100 99 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.4 3.6 119 *114 111 Herbicides : 2.1 2.3 117 *110 105 Insecticides : .8 .8 126 *126 126 Fungicides/Other : .5 .5 115 114 114 Fuels : 2.9 2.8 104 *107 104 Diesel : 1.6 1.5 104 *101 100 LP Gas : .3 .3 107 *150 139 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 104 *102 99 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.4 5.7 114 116 116 Supplies : 1.8 1.9 113 113 113 Repairs : 3.6 3.8 115 *118 118 Autos & Trucks : 1.4 1.3 123 125 125 Autos : .2 .2 120 121 121 Trucks : 1.2 1.1 123 125 125 Farm Machinery : 4.5 4.2 124 127 127 Self-Propelled : 1.8 1.7 127 131 131 Tractors : 1.0 .9 119 120 120 Other Machinery : 1.7 1.6 123 126 126 Building Materials : 2.5 2.6 114 117 117 Farm Services : 11.2 11.9 117 117 117 Custom Rates : 1.1 1.2 111 111 111 Other Services : 10.1 10.7 118 *117 117 Rent : 8.0 8.0 119 119 119 Cash : 3.6 3.6 129 129 129 Share : 4.4 4.4 111 111 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised Feed Price Ratios: United States, With Comparisons, March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1996 : 1997 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :---------------------------- : Mar : Feb : Mar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of broiler, live eight : 3.9 4.9 4.5 Market Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs : 9.3 *9.9 8.6 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight : *13.9 *19.9 17.6 Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk : *2.33 *2.35 2.28 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : *17.2 *24.6 24.4 Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 5.1 5.0 5.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. * Revised. Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios United States, March 1997, With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1996 : 1997 Commodity : Unit :---------------------------------------------- : : Mar : Feb : Mar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars Broilers, Live : Lb : .337 .391 .380 Eggs, Market : Doz : .711 .654 .605 Milk : Cwt : 13.70 *13.50 13.60 Hogs, All : Cwt : 48.70 *52.80 49.00 Steers and Heifers : Cwt : 60.20 *65.20 67.70 Turkeys, Live : Lb : .418 .364 .378 Corn : Bu : 3.51 *2.65 2.78 Hay, Alfalfa, Baled : Ton : 85.50 115.00 116.00 Soybeans : Bu : 7.00 *7.38 7.95 Wheat, All : Bu : 5.07 *3.88 3.96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Feeder Livestock and Poultry: Prices Paid, With Comparisons United States, March 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1996 : 1997 ITEM : Unit :------------------------------------------ : : Mar : Feb : Mar ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 56.00 70.80 71.00 Pigs : " : 74.00 108.00 111.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for, agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely in April when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative................ A-2 Cottonseed............. A-15 Price Indexes............ A-3 Cows, Beef............. A-18 Prices Received Cows, Milk............. A-21 U.S. Summary........... A-6-7 Eggs................... A-20 Selected Commodities... A-12 Flaxseed............... A-14 Upland Cotton and Rice: Fruit, Citrus.......... A-16 Prices and Marketings.. A-15 Hay.................... A-15 Parity Prices............ A-22-23 All Hogs............... A-19 Reliability Statement.... A-25-26 Lambs.................. A-20 Milk................... A-21 Monthly State Prices Oats................... A-13 Peanuts................ A-14 Apples................... A-15 Potatoes............... A-17 Barley................... A-13 Sheep.................. A-20 Barrows and Gilts........ A-19 Sorghum, Grain......... A-13 Beans, Dry Edible........ A-14 Soybeans............... A-13 Beef Cattle.............. A-18 Sows................... A-19 Broilers................. A-20 Steers and Heifers..... A-18 Calves................... A-18 Tobacco................ A-14 Corn..................... A-13 Turkeys................ A-20 Cotton................... A-15 Wheat.................. A-12 Special Features Wool, Marketing Year Averages, by State and United States, 1995-96 ......................................................... A-24 Mohair, Marketing Year Averages, by State and United States, 1995-96 ......................................................... A-24 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative .................................................. B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios .................................. B-2-3 Charts ..................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios ................................................ B-7 Commodity Prices Used in Feed Price Ratios ................. B-7 Reliability Statement ....................................... B-8 U.S. Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry ............................ B-7 Report Features Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Estimates Division of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Crops Branch C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Dan Kerestes - Corn (202) 720-9526 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Joel Moore - Barley, Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Bill Dowdy - Oats (202) 720-3843 Barbara Rater - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat (202) 720-8068 Fruit and Vegetable Section Vince Matthews, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Howard Hill - Grapes (202) 720-7235 Dave Mueller - Vegetables (202) 720-2157 Linda Simpson - Dry Beans, Peaches, Pears (202) 690-0270 Vince Matthews - Citrus (202) 720-3843 Debbie Williams - Apples, Tobacco, Strawberries (202) 720-4288 Commodity Prices Coordinator Charles Van Lahr (202) 720-5446 Kirby Cavett - Prices Received Indexes (202) 690-3237 Livestock and Economic Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Livestock Section Doyle Fuchs, Head (202) 720-4447 Dean Groskurth - Cattle (202) 720-3040 James Hand - Sheep, Lambs, Milk (202) 690-3236 Mike Pallesen - Hogs (202) 720-3106 Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section Alfonzo Drain, Head (202) 720-6351 Dan Boostrum - Eggs (202) 720-3244 James Brewster - Turkeys (202) 720-8784 Tom Krutchen - Broilers, Honey (202) 690-4870 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Douglas Kleweno, Head (202) 720-4214 Greg Thessen - Prices Paid Indexes, Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds (202) 690-3226 Jim Williams - Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Grazing Fees, Autos & Trucks (202) 690-3225 The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on April 30, 1997. 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