Agricultural Prices National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 30, 1998, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" or other assistance, see page B-34. Prices Received Index Drops 2 Points The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in January was 103 based on 1990-92=100, down 2 points from December. Price decreases from December for hogs, tomatoes, cattle, and eggs more than offset price increases for lettuce, corn, broilers, and snap beans. The seasonal changes in the mix of commodities farmers sell also affect the overall index level; however, these changes were essentially offsetting in January. Compared with January 1997, the All Farm Products Index was 5 points (4.6 percent) lower. Price decreases from January 1997 for hogs, broilers, wheat, and soybeans more than offset price increases for lettuce, milk, calves, and potatoes. Prices Paid Index Unchanged The January Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 116 percent of the 1990-92 average. The index was unchanged from December and January 1997. Since December 1997, higher prices for feed supplements, feed grains, other hay, and insecticides were offset by lower prices for fuels, replacement livestock, nitrogen fertilizer, complete feeds, and feed concentrates. Index Summary Table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 Index :----------------------------------------------------- 1990-92=100 : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Prices Received : 109 : 108 : 105 : 103 : : : : Prices Paid : 115 : 116 : 116 : 116 : : : : Ratio 1/ : 95 : 93 : 91 : 89 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. Pr 1 (1-98)a Prices Received by Farmers The January All Farm Products Index was 103 percent of its 1990-92 base, down 1.9 percent from December and down 4.6 percent from January 1997. All Crops: The January index was 111, unchanged from December but 4.3 percent below January 1997. From December, price increases for vegetables, feed grains and hay, and potatoes and dry beans offset price decreases for fruits, food grains, oilseeds, and cotton. Food Grains: The January index, at 117, was down 1.7 percent from the previous month and 15 percent below January 1997. The January all wheat price, at $3.33 per bushel, was down 12 cents from December and 69 cents below the January 1997 price. Feed Grains & Hay: The January index was 113, up 0.9 percent from last month but 4.2 percent below January 1997. The corn price, at $2.57 per bushel, was up 5 cents from December but was 12 cents below the January 1997 price. The all hay price, at $98.10 per ton, was up 40 cents from December. Oil-Bearing Crops: The January index, at 117, was down 1.7 percent from December and 7.9 percent below January 1997. Soybean prices, at $6.56 per bushel, decreased 15 cents from December and were 57 cents below January 1997. Fruits and Nuts: The January all fruit and nuts index, at 77, was down 13 percent from the previous month and was 20 percent below January 1997. Lower prices from last month for strawberries, apples, grapefruit, and lemons more than offset higher prices for oranges. Citrus movement increased seasonally, especially oranges and grapefruit for processing in Florida. Cotton: The January index, at 103, was down 1.9 percent from last month and 8.0 percent below January 1997. The January cotton price, at 62.6 cents per pound, was down 1.2 cents from December and 5.3 cents per pound below January 1997. The falling prices were a result of Asian buyers defaulting on existing contracts. Livestock and Products: The January index, at 94, was down 3.1 percent from the December index and 4.1 percent from January 1997. Compared with a year ago, prices were up for beef cattle, calves, and all milk, but were lower for hogs, broilers, eggs, and turkeys. Meat Animals: The January index, at 83, was down 4.6 percent from last month and 7.8 percent below a year earlier. The January hog price was $36.40 per cwt, down $5.20 from December and $17.40 below a year ago. The January beef cattle price of $61.80 per cwt was down $1.10 from last month but 40 cents above January 1997. Hog slaughter for January is running 10 to 12 percent above a year ago. Beef cattle prices continue to be pressured by large feedlot supplies. Dairy Products: The January index, at 112, was unchanged from December but 8.7 percent above January 1997. The January all milk price, at $14.60 per cwt, was unchanged from December, but up $1.20 from last year. December milk production was up 0.9 percent from last year. Prices remain steady for both fluid and manufacturing milk. Poultry and Eggs: The January index, at 105, was 1.9 percent below December and 13.9 percent below a year ago. The January broiler price at 33.1 cents per pound was up 1.0 cent from December, with steady to strong demand in some regions. Market egg prices decreased 5.5 cents to 62.5 cents per dozen. Egg supplies are plentiful with December production up 1 percent from a year earlier. Turkey prices decreased 3.1 cents to 35.5 cents per pound. Cold storage holdings above a year ago pressured prices. Index Numbers of Prices Received, United States, January 1998, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 :Average:---------------------------------------------- :1990-92: Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 684 *665 657 108 *105 103 : All Crops : 500 571 *548 549 116 *111 111 Food Grains : 325 434 *379 372 137 119 117 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 421 *401 406 118 *112 113 Cotton : 517 574 *539 529 112 *105 103 Tobacco : 1263 1678 *1670 1639 111 110 108 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 695 *653 640 127 119 117 Fruit & Nuts : 716 671 *625 538 96 *89 77 Commercial Vegetables : 698 743 *888 1003 111 *133 150 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 427 *484 500 84 *96 99 Other Crops : 493 532 532 532 108 108 108 : Livestock & Products : 768 756 *745 720 98 97 94 Meat Animals : 1021 913 *881 844 90 87 83 Dairy Products : 799 823 *897 897 103 *112 112 Poultry & Eggs : 282 342 300 296 122 107 105 : Food Commodities : 105 *103 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1997 and 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 108 103 116 111 98 94 116 116 115 115 Feb : 105 113 98 116 115 Mar : 108 118 99 117 116 Apr : 107 116 100 117 117 May : 108 117 100 117 117 Jun : 108 119 98 117 117 Jul : 107 114 100 116 116 Aug : 108 116 99 116 116 Sep : 107 114 99 116 116 Oct : 107 114 97 116 115 Nov : 107 115 98 116 115 Dec : 105 111 97 116 115 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received, United States, January 1998, with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1997 : 1997 : 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 2.52 2.43 2.39 Feed : Bu : 1.90 2.29 2.02 2.00 Malting : Bu : 2.43 2.69 2.75 2.76 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 23.20 20.20 21.60 Corn : Bu : 2.30 2.69 2.52 2.57 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .679 .638 .626 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 138.00 122.00 122.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 6.43 5.72 5.54 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 97.90 97.70 98.10 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 104.00 106.00 105.00 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 79.40 76.30 79.20 Oats : Bu : 1.22 1.83 1.56 1.55 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 .269 .284 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 4.23 5.40 5.49 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 9.87 9.67 9.79 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 4.03 3.94 4.15 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 7.13 6.71 6.56 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 12.00 11.00 11.10 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.930 1.920 1.885 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 4.02 3.45 3.33 Winter : Bu : 2.93 4.03 3.25 3.13 Durum : Bu : 2.86 4.44 5.17 4.96 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 3.95 3.51 3.41 Hard Red : Bu : 2.95 4.05 3.40 Soft Red : Bu : 2.87 3.80 3.15 White : Bu : 3.24 3.83 3.26 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.77 1.84 2.57 1.79 Lemons : Box : 10.10 4.72 4.34 2.86 Limes : Box : 10.15 26.50 7.80 9.50 Oranges : Box : 5.79 3.97 2.53 2.58 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 2.06 2.29 1.82 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 9.38 7.93 10.66 Temples : Box : 6.23 4.99 4.43 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .225 .237 .223 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 557.00 287.00 253.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 1.02 1.84 .980 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received, United States, January 1998, with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1997 : 1997 : 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 161.00 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 36.80 30.20 38.00 Cantaloupes : Cwt : Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 15.00 16.80 12.70 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 29.60 28.90 41.60 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 16.20 19.10 12.70 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 29.00 19.90 21.90 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 15.70 19.50 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 14.90 21.30 30.10 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 9.75 10.90 12.60 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 50.00 48.20 84.10 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 33.50 48.40 28.80 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 68.10 83.30 83.20 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 61.40 62.90 61.80 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 30.00 33.00 34.00 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 65.20 66.80 65.30 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 1090.00 1070.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 53.80 41.60 36.40 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 54.10 42.00 37.00 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 46.60 33.30 26.50 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 94.60 84.10 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 41.80 37.80 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.06 13.40 14.60 5/14.60 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 13.40 14.70 5/14.70 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 12.10 13.50 5/13.50 : : Broilers, Live 6/ : Lb : .317 .404 .321 .331 Eggs, All 7/ : Doz : .643 .758 .787 .740 Market 7/ : Doz : .546 .658 .680 .625 Turkeys, Live 6/7/ : Lb : .380 .386 .386 .355 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .722 .750 .698 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 13.27 14.31 14.31 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.79, fluid milk 3.79, mfg grade 3.90. 6/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers for most States. 7/ Mid-month price. Wheat: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AR : 3.35 3.30 3.35 3.30 CA : 3.66 3/ 3.60 3/ 3/ 3/ CO : 3.25 3.07 3.25 3.06 3.23 3.28 ID : 3.10 3.15 3.08 3.10 3.12 3.20 IL : 3.29 3.25 3.29 3.25 IN : 3.20 3.07 3.20 3.07 KS : 3.13 3.07 3.13 3.07 MI : 2.93 3.05 2.93 3.05 MN : 3.49 3.48 3.10 3.10 3/ 3/ 3.50 3.50 MO : 3.10 3.05 3.10 3.05 MT : 3.84 3.52 3.59 3.20 5.57 5.10 3.75 3.50 NE : 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 ND : 3.77 3.70 3.53 2.80 5.09 5.00 3.49 3.40 OH : 3.08 3.00 3.08 3.00 OK : 3.18 3.05 3.18 3.05 OR : 3.54 3.36 3.53 3.35 3.61 3.45 SD : 3.42 3.25 3.24 3.07 4.87 4.60 3.57 3.39 TX : 3.19 3.02 3.19 3.02 WA : 3.42 3.36 3.40 3.36 3.54 3.38 : US : 3.45 3.33 3.25 3.13 5.17 4.96 3.51 3.41 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1997 and 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 :1998 2/:1997 :1998 2/: 1997 :1998 2/: 1997 :1998 2/: 1997 :1998 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 4.02 3.33 2.69 2.57 7.13 6.56 61.40 61.80 53.80 36.40 Feb : 3.89 2.65 7.38 61.90 52.80 Mar : 3.93 2.79 7.97 64.80 49.40 Apr : 4.10 2.80 8.23 64.80 53.80 May : 4.08 2.69 8.40 65.10 58.20 Jun : 3.52 2.56 8.16 62.30 57.80 Jul : 3.23 2.42 7.52 62.80 58.90 Aug : 3.56 2.50 7.25 63.90 55.30 Sep : 3.67 2.52 6.72 63.60 50.40 Oct : 3.55 2.54 6.50 63.30 47.30 Nov : 3.50 2.51 6.85 63.30 45.10 Dec : 3.45 2.52 6.71 62.90 41.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. Grains: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/: Dec 2/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 6.95 6.90 4.75 4.90 CA : 4/ 4/ CO : 2.14 2.23 2.55 2.57 GA : 3.16 2.98 6.72 6.39 ID : 2.84 2.89 IL : 2.65 2.65 5/ 5/ 6.93 6.70 4.25 4.40 IN : 2.61 2.68 6.68 6.67 IA : 2.45 2.48 1.83 1.70 6.60 6.34 KS : 2.52 2.54 6.67 6.36 3.80 3.94 KY : 2.74 2.75 6.94 6.65 LA : 7.10 7.18 MI : 2.44 2.50 1.79 1.85 6.54 6.40 MN : 1.88 1.90 2.34 2.35 1.58 1.50 6.69 6.40 MS : 7.01 6.68 MO : 2.46 2.60 5/ 5/ 6.58 6.50 3.96 4.35 MT : 2.88 2.77 NE : 2.45 2.50 1.60 1.60 6.61 6.45 3.89 4.00 NC : 3.08 3.00 6.72 6.50 ND : 2.01 2.08 1.34 1.35 OH : 2.56 2.60 1.72 1.65 6.69 6.55 OK : 3.95 4.00 OR : 2.37 2.30 1.81 1.70 PA : 3.07 3.05 1.96 1.95 SD : 2.34 2.37 2.20 2.25 1.52 1.54 6.31 6.16 TN : 3.02 2.90 6.90 6.70 TX : 2.80 2.75 5/ 5/ 4.34 4.51 UT : 2.38 2.27 WA : 2.29 2.12 WI : 2.37 2.45 1.51 1.50 6.71 6.60 WY : 4/ 4/ : US : 2.43 2.39 2.52 2.57 1.56 1.55 6.71 6.56 3.94 4.15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for January 1998 is $1.74. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, December and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 3.17 3.20 2.16 2.30 MN : 1.99 2.10 1.77 1.70 MT : 3.14 3.10 2.01 2.00 ND : 2.16 2.35 1.84 1.75 SD : 2.48 2.50 1.85 1.86 WY : 1/ 1/ 2.04 2.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/5/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 3/: Dec 1/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : 7/ CA : 29.60 29.10 CO : 19.20 22.00 FL : 7/ GA : .275 6/ ID : 20.30 21.60 IN : 1.915 1.880 KS : KY : 1.920 1.895 MD : MI : 20.80 19.50 MN : 17.50 18.50 11.20 10.80 MO : 1.895 1.900 NE : 18.60 20.20 NC : 1.880 1.825 .319 .292 ND : 18.00 21.20 11.00 11.20 5.72 5.55 OH : 1.885 1.880 OK : SC : SD : 10.40 10.60 6/ 5.50 TN : 1.910 1.870 TX : .245 .280 VA : 1.935 1.895 .302 .292 WV : 1.900 1.870 : US : 20.20 21.60 11.00 11.10 5.72 5.54 1.920 1.885 .269 .284 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ In-shell. 5/ Includes additional loan peanuts at loan value. 6/ Sales volume insufficient to establish a state price, but all sales included in U.S. price. 7/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Tobacco: Prices Received, by Area and Type, January 1998, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Jan : Dec : Jan Class by Type : Type : 1997 : 1997 : 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Fire-cured : : VA Belt : 21 : 1.730 2.130 2.150 Eastern District : 22 : 2.365 2/ 2/ Western District : 23 : 2.275 2/ 2/ Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.245 2.130 2.150 : : Light Air-Cured : : Burley : 31 : 1.920 1.915 1.885 Total Light Air-Cured : 31-32: 1.920 1.915 1.885 : : Dark Air-cured : : One Sucker Belt : 35 : 1.865 2.040 1.980 Green River Belt : 36 : 1.935 2.090 2.080 Sun-cured Belt : 37 : 1.500 1.900 1.960 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.890 2.050 2.020 : : US : 11-37: 1.930 1.920 1.885 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 2/ Sales of Type 22 began Jan 20, 1998; sales of Type 23 began Jan 21, 1998. Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : January : Cotton, Upland :------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : .679 .681 111.00 AZ : .643 .589 130.00 110.00 110.00 102.00 AR : .631 .620 6/ CA : .694 .709 6/ 121.00 122.00 100.00 .258 CO : 105.00 105.00 110.00 GA : .680 .649 109.00 ID : 105.00 107.00 80.00 IL : 105.00 110.00 86.00 IA : 110.00 111.00 75.00 KS : 86.00 90.00 72.00 KY : 76.00 103.00 67.00 LA : .634 .645 MI : 108.00 110.00 100.00 .160 MN : 89.00 100.00 64.00 MS : .632 .631 6/ MO : 72.00 106.00 65.00 MT : 77.00 78.00 66.00 NE : 78.00 81.00 63.00 NV : 106.00 107.00 95.00 NM : 121.00 124.00 92.00 NY : 101.00 111.00 92.00 .179 NC : .654 .638 111.00 ND : 59.00 62.00 41.00 OH : 133.00 165.00 90.00 .280 OK : 84.00 100.00 60.00 OR : 121.00 125.00 95.00 PA : 148.00 168.00 131.00 .240 SD : 72.00 75.00 60.00 TN : .638 .609 120.00 TX : .581 .570 111.00 66.00 150.00 62.00 UT : 84.00 85.00 70.00 VA : .190 WA : 121.00 110.00 144.00 .233 WI : 97.00 105.00 65.00 WY : 87.00 87.00 79.00 : US : .638 .626 122.00 98.10 105.00 79.20 .223 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Marketing year August-February. 6/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, January 1998, with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Oct 1997: Nov 1997: Dec 1997: Jan 1998 Item : Unit : 1/ : 2/ : 2/ : 3/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .676 .638 .626 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Bales : 2296 2200 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 10.00 9.71 9.67 9.79 Marketings 5/ : 1,000 Cwt : 11925 11191 12540 NA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Rice revised. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 4/ Expanded data from sample of about 60 percent of buyers. 5/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity : F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------- And : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree State : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit : AZ : 8.24 2.42 2.80 -0.08 0.48 0.86 -2.02 CA : 8.64 2.65 3.20 -0.08 0.71 1.26 -2.02 FL : 13.00 3.52 5.62 0.72 1.39 3.77 -1.77 White Seedless : 16.00 3.93 8.10 0.60 1.86 6.25 -1.65 Colored Seedless: 12.10 3.34 4.85 0.80 1.19 3.00 -1.85 TX : 13.70 4.32 5.00 1.50 3.18 3.85 0.40 : CA-AZ : 8.40 2.53 3.00 -0.08 0.59 1.06 -2.02 : US : 13.20 3.69 5.42 0.81 1.79 3.77 -1.52 : Lemons : AZ : 20.30 7.99 11.86 3.02 4.35 8.22 -0.62 CA : 16.70 5.64 8.26 3.02 2.00 4.62 -0.62 : US : 18.10 6.50 9.68 3.02 2.86 6.04 -0.62 : Limes : FL : 25.00 14.50 14.50 9.50 9.50 : Oranges : AZ : Navel and Misc : 14.20 5.21 8.18 -0.28 3.23 6.20 -2.26 CA : Navel and Misc : 14.10 7.43 8.08 -0.28 5.45 6.10 -2.26 FL : Early and Mids : 11.50 4.21 4.60 4.20 2.46 2.70 2.45 TX : Early and Mids : 11.50 2.51 2.70 2.04 1.22 1.40 0.79 : CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 14.10 7.41 8.08 -0.28 5.43 6.10 -2.26 : US : 13.10 4.34 6.42 4.17 2.58 4.55 2.42 : Tangelos : FL : 17.00 4.16 9.80 3.25 1.82 7.80 0.85 : Tangerines : AZ : 23.00 15.64 17.10 -0.28 13.56 15.02 -2.36 CA : 21.40 10.01 15.50 -0.28 7.93 13.42 -2.36 FL : 29.70 14.16 21.40 3.70 10.67 18.40 -0.50 : US : 27.50 13.81 19.93 3.12 10.66 17.20 -0.77 : Temples : FL : 16.50 6.53 9.60 3.50 4.43 7.60 1.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: Grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; Lemons-76: Limes-88; Oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; Tangelos-90; Tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95; Temples-90. Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Dec : Jan :: State : Dec : Jan : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : :: ND - All 1/ : 5.75 5.95 CA - All : 9.55 9.40 :: - Fresh 2/ : 7.20 NA - Winter : 19.20 16.80 :: - Processing : 5.00 NA - Spring : :: OH : 7.85 8.10 - Summer : :: OR : 5.15 5.20 - Fall : 7.85 7.80 :: PA : 8.55 8.70 CO - All 1/ : 4.50 4.50 :: TX : - Fresh 2/ : 4.79 NA :: VA : FL : :: WA - All : 5.50 5.40 ID - All 1/ : 4.40 4.45 :: - Processing : 4.90 NA - Fresh 2/ : 4.10 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 5.25 5.45 - Processing : 4.80 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.20 NA ME : 6.30 6.35 :: - Processing : 5.10 NA MI : 6.25 6.50 :: : MN : 4.95 4.95 :: US - All 1/ : 5.40 5.49 NY : 8.30 8.10 :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.90 NA : :: - Processing : 4.99 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 35.90 39.50 64.60 64.70 61.40 61.90 87.20 89.30 AR : 31.30 32.30 67.50 64.60 53.00 50.10 80.00 79.20 CA : 31.50 32.50 64.50 65.00 47.70 48.40 69.00 71.50 CO : 33.30 35.10 68.10 65.40 65.30 63.00 88.70 86.40 FL : 33.00 36.70 67.20 63.40 44.20 43.90 83.60 87.00 GA : 32.20 33.30 66.20 64.80 42.40 44.30 78.00 75.70 ID : 29.60 30.60 68.20 67.40 57.40 57.50 82.00 81.00 IL : 32.50 32.20 64.60 62.90 64.00 62.30 105.00 105.00 IA : 37.20 37.60 66.40 64.70 64.60 63.10 78.70 79.30 KS : 33.80 33.30 66.20 63.90 65.20 62.70 87.00 83.00 KY : 32.00 34.00 67.00 66.00 58.60 58.30 73.00 71.00 LA : 33.10 35.00 69.50 71.00 44.70 45.80 77.60 81.00 MI : 32.60 36.00 57.60 58.50 47.60 49.50 53.00 52.00 MN : 32.50 35.00 64.00 63.00 60.80 60.20 65.00 69.00 MO : 32.90 33.40 74.00 72.00 61.70 60.40 81.00 79.50 MT : 32.80 33.70 80.60 79.50 59.10 61.20 88.20 89.80 NE : 36.20 35.90 67.40 65.40 67.00 64.20 95.00 93.60 NM : 36.70 38.30 75.00 77.20 57.80 59.70 84.80 85.70 ND : 33.80 35.00 74.60 74.00 57.10 65.00 81.70 82.00 OH : 30.10 30.00 61.70 60.00 58.50 57.00 64.00 62.00 OK : 33.70 33.90 77.20 75.20 71.50 69.80 85.60 84.40 OR : 35.30 36.30 73.00 73.00 61.70 62.00 77.90 76.90 PA : 32.00 33.00 63.70 62.60 55.50 54.90 75.00 76.00 SD : 31.30 34.40 72.50 71.80 61.80 65.40 91.90 94.90 TN : 32.20 30.80 70.00 69.50 54.90 54.00 76.80 76.30 TX : 32.10 31.90 68.00 68.30 64.80 65.00 83.90 85.60 VA : 28.40 31.30 64.60 64.10 61.00 59.20 72.30 72.80 WI : 33.70 34.70 62.20 62.20 45.70 46.30 101.20 101.40 WY : 32.80 34.00 79.90 77.00 65.30 68.40 87.20 87.00 : US : 33.00 34.00 66.80 65.30 62.90 61.80 83.30 83.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 34.00 26.10 38.10 32.20 37.70 31.60 IL : 32.70 25.10 40.30 33.90 39.70 33.20 IN : 33.40 26.10 39.70 34.10 39.10 33.30 IA : 34.00 27.60 43.80 40.30 43.60 40.00 KS : 32.90 25.70 39.80 36.80 39.00 35.50 KY : 35.00 24.00 41.00 36.00 40.80 35.50 MI : 32.30 22.50 42.70 37.00 41.90 35.80 MN : 34.10 28.50 43.40 36.50 43.10 36.20 MO : 33.20 26.80 38.60 32.80 38.20 32.40 NE : 33.80 28.30 44.60 41.10 44.50 40.70 NC : 34.80 27.80 41.60 36.00 41.50 35.90 OH : 33.70 30.00 41.20 37.00 40.70 36.60 PA : 32.90 30.00 41.40 38.00 40.10 36.80 SC : 35.00 28.30 37.30 32.50 37.10 32.20 SD : 31.60 25.60 43.30 39.20 42.00 37.40 TN : 33.20 25.00 40.60 34.00 39.90 33.10 TX : 31.00 25.00 40.60 34.80 38.90 33.00 VA : 31.30 24.00 41.50 36.00 41.30 35.80 WI : 30.30 23.70 39.50 33.50 38.30 32.20 : US : 33.30 26.50 42.00 37.00 41.60 36.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Sheep : Lambs : Turkeys : Broilers: Eggs : 1/ : 1/ : 2/3/ : 1/4/ : 2/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Pound Dol/Doz : AL : .330 .550 AZ : AR : .36 .310 .590 CA : 37.00 85.00 .41 .353 .692 CO : 36.80 81.60 CT : .570 DE : .320 FL : .560 GA : .345 .607 ID : 32.00 83.00 IN : .36 .650 IA : 37.40 78.00 .39 .534 KS : 37.00 80.00 ME : .730 MD : .320 MI : .570 MN : 38.20 84.80 .36 .500 MS : .335 .650 MO : .34 .539 MT : 40.50 95.80 NE : 34.10 81.60 NM : NY : .703 NC : .34 .350 .561 OH : 39.60 77.10 .680 OR : 31.30 86.00 PA : .34 .340 .700 SC : .558 SD : 37.60 86.20 TX : 42.30 82.10 .310 .575 UT : 36.00 83.00 VA : .33 .330 WA : .698 WY : 42.20 92.40 : US : 37.80 84.10 .355 .331 .625 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ IN, IA, MN and PA are actual liveweight prices. All other State prices are equivalent liveweight returns to producers (see footnote 4 for formula). 4/ Equivalent liveweight returns to producers. Derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formula: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = equivalent liveweight price. 5/ Market (table) eggs. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, December 1997 and January 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 16.00 3.76 16.00 3.76 16.20 3.70 1090 AZ : 14.40 3.71 14.40 3.71 14.40 3.71 1170 AR : 15.40 3.50 15.40 3.50 15.50 3.50 980 CA : 13.50 3.80 13.60 4.25 13.50 3.80 13.50 3.82 1220 CO : 14.40 3.74 14.40 3.74 14.30 3.68 1130 FL : 17.90 3.67 17.90 3.67 18.00 3.65 1200 GA : 15.90 3.77 15.90 3.77 16.00 3.77 1090 ID : 13.40 3.69 13.50 3.92 13.40 3.70 13.30 3.72 1100 IL : 14.40 3.88 14.30 3.96 14.40 3.88 14.40 3.87 1060 IN : 14.30 3.85 12.40 3.93 14.20 3.85 14.00 3.85 1000 IA : 14.10 3.87 13.90 3.96 14.10 3.88 13.50 3.85 1020 KS : 14.30 3.87 13.40 3.98 14.30 3.87 14.40 3.87 1070 KY : 15.20 3.80 12.80 3.95 15.20 3.80 15.20 3.78 1000 LA : 15.60 3.59 15.60 3.59 15.50 3.55 990 MD : 15.20 3.85 15.20 3.85 15.30 3.85 1080 MI : 14.70 3.79 12.70 3.87 14.70 3.79 14.90 3.77 1080 MN : 15.10 3.82 13.45 3.89 14.94 3.83 15.10 3.81 990 MS : 15.70 3.70 15.70 3.70 15.80 3.70 1020 MO : 15.20 3.84 13.60 4.04 15.10 3.85 14.70 3.83 920 NE : 14.10 3.88 13.50 3.90 14.10 3.88 13.90 3.84 1150 NM : 14.10 3.74 14.10 3.74 14.40 3.75 1130 NY : 14.60 3.76 14.60 3.76 14.60 3.75 980 NC : 16.30 3.80 13.10 4.20 16.30 3.80 16.40 3.79 1110 ND : 14.70 3.82 12.70 3.88 13.90 3.84 13.90 3.79 940 OH : 14.90 3.86 12.60 3.92 14.80 3.86 14.80 3.85 1030 OK : 15.10 3.76 15.10 3.76 15.20 3.76 1020 OR : 14.30 3.77 13.60 4.20 14.30 3.77 14.30 3.72 1120 PA : 15.60 3.78 13.60 3.87 15.60 3.78 15.50 3.76 1030 TN : 15.30 3.81 13.00 3.97 15.30 3.81 15.70 3.81 1020 TX : 15.50 3.80 15.50 3.80 15.40 3.80 1070 UT : 13.90 3.77 13.50 3.89 13.90 3.78 14.00 3.73 1050 VT : 15.40 3.80 15.40 3.80 15.30 3.82 1050 VA : 15.00 3.78 12.00 3.78 15.00 3.78 15.10 3.76 1160 WA : 14.30 3.77 14.30 3.77 14.30 3.76 1150 WI : 14.94 3.86 13.97 3.96 14.87 3.87 14.70 3.83 1030 : US : 14.70 3.80 13.50 3.94 14.60 3.80 14.60 3.79 1070 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including milk diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, December 1997 and January 1998, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Jan 1997 : Dec 1997 : Jan 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 26.51 26.79 26.63 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 12.10 13.50 2/13.50 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.92 3.94 2/3.90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1998 is 90.9 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 90.8 percent in 1997. For additional details, see "Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk" in this issue. 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1998, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan : : 1997 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997: 1997: 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .632 9.41 9.51 9.64 43 36 35 Rice, Cwt : 1.76 25.50 25.80 26.80 39 37 37 Corn, Bu : .429 6.32 6.38 6.54 43 39 39 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .112 1.69 1.71 1.71 40 37 37 Extra Long Staple : .147 2.27 2.29 2.24 Peanuts, Lb : .0422 .650 .656 .644 41 44 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .249 3.78 3.82 3.80 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .243 3.52 3.56 3.71 49 60 58 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .311 4.58 4.62 4.74 51 Burley, 31 : .262 3.91 3.95 4.00 49 48 47 Maryland, 32 : .217 3.40 3.43 3.31 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .261 3.82 3.86 3.98 50 Sun-Cured, 37 : .218 3.16 3.19 3.32 47 60 59 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .186 2.66 2.69 2.84 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .213 3.14 3.17 3.25 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.61 2.64 2.64 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .489 6.48 6.55 7.46 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.92 29.20 29.50 29.30 2/45 2/49 2/49 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0859 1.23 1.31 1.31 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .270 4.26 4.12 4.12 Mohair, Lb : .721 10.70 11.00 11.00 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .386 5.76 5.81 5.89 44 42 41 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.70 231.00 233.00 239.00 60 52 51 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.29 49.60 50.10 50.20 47 40 43 Flaxseed, Bu : .782 11.30 11.40 11.90 57 50 47 Oats, Bu : .237 3.58 3.62 3.61 51 43 43 Potatoes, Cwt : .839 13.10 12.80 12.80 32 42 43 Rye, Bu : .325 4.58 4.62 4.96 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .675 9.99 10.10 10.30 40 39 40 Soybeans, Bu : .924 13.60 13.70 14.10 52 49 47 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 1.61 18.90 19.10 24.60 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0285 .438 .443 .435 51 52 51 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .704 10.10 10.70 10.70 18 24 17 Lemons : 1.15 18.60 17.50 17.50 25 25 16 Limes (FL) : 1.21 19.60 19.80 18.50 135 39 51 Oranges : .900 12.50 13.70 13.70 32 18 19 Tangerines : 1.90 29.30 29.00 29.00 32 27 37 Temples (FL) : .755 10.20 11.50 11.50 49 39 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.90 151.00 152.00 151.00 41 41 41 Calves, Cwt : 12.60 192.00 194.00 192.00 35 43 43 Hogs, Cwt : 6.72 103.00 104.00 102.00 52 40 36 Lambs, Cwt : 10.10 151.00 153.00 154.00 63 55 Sheep, Cwt : 4.12 61.30 62.00 62.80 68 61 Eggs, Doz : .0946 1.41 1.43 1.44 2/51 2/52 2/48 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0575 .866 .874 .877 45 44 40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1998, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Peaches, cont. : Hops, Lb : .236 3.60 : Processing 6/ : Spearmint Oil, Lb: 1.88 28.70 : Excl Dried : Tobacco, Lb : : Clingstone, : Type 61 : 2.58 39.30 : CA, Ton : 31.40 479.00 : : Pears, Ton : Noncitrus Fruit : : Fresh 5/ : 51.50 785.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Dried, CA 7/ : 142.00 2170.00 Processing : 18.30 279.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : Apricots, Ton : : Fresh, Equiv : Fresh 8/ : 140.00 2140.00 : on-Tree : 53.10 810.00 Dried, CA : 297.00 4530.00 : Prunes, Dried, : Avocados, Ton 8/ : 141.00 2150.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 122.00 1860.00 Cherries : : Prunes and Plums,: Sweet, Ton : 153.00 2330.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Tart, Lb : .0363 .554 : Fresh 10/ : 58.20 888.00 Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.10 108.00 : Processing 7/ : Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 126.00 1920.00 : Excl Dried : 21.70 331.00 Grapes, Ton : : : Raisin Variety : 136.00 2070.00 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Other Dried : 55.00 839.00 : Almonds, Lb : .215 3.28 Kiwifruit, Ton : 75.80 1160.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 115.00 1750.00 Nectarines : : Pistachio, Lb : .168 2.56 Fresh, Calif, : : Walnuts, Ton : 148.00 2260.00 Ton 8/ : 61.40 936.00 : : Olives, CA : :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Canning, Ton 6/: 93.70 1430.00 : Fresh : Papayas (HA) Lb : .0459 .700 : Carrots 9/ : 1.75 26.70 Peaches : : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.21 64.20 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0399 .608 : Celery 9/ : 1.86 28.40 Dried, CA, : : Honeydew Melons : 2.45 37.40 Ton : 125.00 1910.00 : Lettuce : 2.14 32.60 : : Onions 9/ : 1.72 26.20 : : Tomatoes : 4.38 66.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Rice: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, by States and United States, 1995-96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : : All AR : 9.14 10.20 CA : 8.79 7.91 LA : 9.09 10.60 MS : 9.25 10.50 MO : 9.06 10.30 TX : 9.73 10.80 : US 1/ : 9.15 9.96 : : Length of Grain US: : Long : 9.37 10.60 Medium &: Short : 8.82 8.37 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July. Prices Received: All Rice, United States by Month, for Marketing Years, 1994-95 through 1996-97 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : 1996-97: 10.10 10.00 9.66 9.41 9.82 9.95 1995-96: 7.77 8.01 8.84 9.21 9.45 9.36 1994-95: 6.87 6.82 6.52 6.63 6.60 6.83 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : 1996-97: 10.10 10.20 10.30 10.20 9.90 10.10 1995-96: 9.19 9.20 9.35 9.73 9.77 9.81 1994-95: 6.74 6.67 6.75 6.87 7.06 7.19 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ August - July for US. 2/ Second year. Sweetpotatoes: Prices Received , Marketing Year Average, by State and United States, 1995-97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AL : 16.50 12.10 17.10 CA : 33.00 26.10 30.00 GA : 10.10 10.60 13.70 LA : 13.20 13.10 14.00 MS : 15.10 12.60 18.50 NJ : 23.10 17.90 23.00 NC : 11.60 10.70 11.20 SC : 12.60 14.70 12.80 TX : 12.70 14.40 19.10 VA : 10.60 10.90 11.90 : US : 15.90 14.40 16.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Preliminary. Peaches for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, May 1995 - September 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : 1995 : .345 .205 .184 .266 .324 1996 : .347 .272 .306 .316 .363 1997 : .255 .193 .146 .238 .353 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apples for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, July 1995 - December 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound : 1995 : .349 .304 .262 .253 .238 .244 .254 .242 .251 .226 .219 .219 1996 : .233 .252 .305 .247 .232 .227 .225 .203 .176 .156 .143 .137 1997 : .141 .192 .242 .240 .221 .237 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Pears for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, July 1995 - December 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Ton : 1995 : 358 332 374 354 351 324 297 301 316 313 367 584 1996 : 450 383 471 505 597 561 557 519 461 454 503 568 1997 : 310 330 360 334 330 287 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Grapes for Fresh Use: Monthly Average Prices Received, United States, May 1995 - November 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Ton : 1995 : 1050 580 650 650 480 560 530 680 1996 : 1150 960 570 480 580 880 1100 1997 : 1200 790 610 580 680 690 960 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, Florida, Crop Years 1996-97 and 1997-98 (Preliminary) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1996-97 : 1997-98 Utilization :---------------------------------------------------------- : F.O.B. : Equiv. : Equiv. : F.O.B. : Equiv. : Equiv. : Packed : P.H.D. :On-Tree : Packed : P.H.D. : On-Tree ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per box 1/ : All : 10.01 5.01 10.03 5.03 Fresh : 22.60 12.10 7.10 22.40 11.90 6.90 Processing : 1.81 -3.19 2.55 -2.45 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: 88. Limes: Average Prices and Equivalent Returns, Florida, June 1996 - December 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equiv. P.H.D. : Equiv. On-Tree Month and Year : F.O.B. :------------------------------------------------ : Packed : All Fresh Proc : All Fresh Proc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per box 1/ : : All Limes : Jun 1996 : 15.50 4.56 5.00 1.75 -0.44 0.00 -3.25 Jul : 16.00 4.83 5.50 1.75 -0.17 0.50 -3.25 Aug : 18.50 6.09 8.00 1.75 1.09 3.00 -3.25 Sep : 21.90 8.92 11.40 1.75 3.92 6.40 -3.25 Oct : 19.00 6.64 8.50 2.00 1.64 3.50 -3.00 Nov : 22.00 8.91 11.50 2.00 3.91 6.50 -3.00 Dec : 30.00 14.50 19.50 2.00 9.50 14.50 -3.00 Jan 1997 : 42.00 31.50 31.50 26.50 26.50 Feb : 46.00 35.50 35.50 30.50 30.50 Apr : 30.00 19.50 19.50 14.50 14.50 May : 19.00 8.50 8.50 3.50 3.50 Jun : 19.00 7.23 8.50 2.00 2.23 3.50 -3.00 Jul : 24.00 10.45 13.50 3.00 5.45 8.50 -2.00 Aug : 21.00 8.90 10.50 2.80 3.90 5.50 -2.20 Sep : 20.00 8.24 9.50 2.80 3.24 4.50 -2.20 Oct : 19.00 7.06 8.50 2.00 2.06 3.50 -3.00 Nov : 21.00 8.88 10.50 2.00 3.88 5.50 -3.00 Dec : 26.00 12.97 15.50 2.00 7.97 10.50 -3.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: 88. Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Asparagus : CA : 1995 :150.00 118.00 93.60 161.00 90.00 107.00 1996 : 84.50 84.50 87.90 85.30 85.70 81.10 80.00 1997 :161.00 140.00 116.00 104.00 92.40 154.00 MI : 1995 : 71.00 71.00 71.00 1996 : 79.00 79.00 79.00 1997 : 80.00 80.00 80.00 WA : 1995 : 140.00 97.70 113.00 113.00 1996 : 110.00 108.00 118.00 118.00 1997 : 105.00 102.00 112.00 112.00 US : 1992 :191.00 123.00 79.00 87.80 77.80 99.70 93.00 178.00 189.00 185.00 1993 :121.00 113.00 80.70 107.00 78.70 106.00 122.00 171.00 176.00 146.00 1994 :135.00 141.00 97.60 88.50 92.90 97.00 143.00 144.00 196.00 151.00 1995 :150.00 118.00 93.60 160.00 93.20 103.00 105.00 1996 : 84.50 84.50 87.90 87.30 95.40 108.00 108.00 1997 :161.00 140.00 116.00 105.00 97.40 109.00 101.00 : : Broccoli : CA : 1995 : 23.50 21.40 19.50 21.80 27.10 21.10 21.60 18.50 38.60 37.00 57.70 46.00 1996 : 34.60 22.00 30.90 25.20 28.20 30.60 24.10 24.10 23.90 24.30 31.10 28.60 1997 : 36.80 27.80 25.90 24.20 23.10 30.30 27.50 23.30 31.20 40.70 27.00 30.20 US : 1992 : 17.50 14.30 27.60 16.70 22.00 26.30 23.60 27.40 24.00 24.70 30.50 32.80 1993 : 32.60 28.10 28.60 23.70 22.30 26.80 24.50 20.00 36.60 22.40 24.20 30.00 1994 : 23.50 21.40 19.50 21.80 27.10 21.10 21.60 18.50 38.60 37.00 57.70 46.00 1995 : 24.70 34.30 54.40 34.00 26.50 27.30 19.50 31.30 27.70 23.60 20.80 26.90 1996 : 34.60 22.00 30.90 25.20 28.20 30.60 24.10 24.10 23.90 24.30 31.10 28.60 1997 : 36.80 27.80 25.90 24.20 23.10 30.30 27.50 23.30 31.20 40.70 27.00 30.20 : : Carrots : CA : 1995 : 18.90 16.80 18.60 19.40 19.20 15.20 14.60 14.60 14.60 15.30 15.50 12.60 1996 : 12.50 13.70 15.90 15.70 11.60 11.00 10.40 14.10 12.50 12.50 17.00 17.20 1997 : 14.90 14.60 13.30 12.50 12.50 12.60 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.30 16.90 MI : 1995 : 22.30 18.70 18.10 14.70 15.10 16.70 1996 : 16.00 11.90 9.90 11.60 12.00 1997 : 16.50 13.00 9.50 13.00 13.00 TX : 1995 : 22.40 17.80 19.50 19.70 19.70 1996 : 13.40 14.80 15.90 15.80 15.80 1997 : 17.30 17.30 17.30 17.30 17.30 WA : 1995 : 18.00 17.80 16.50 16.50 16.30 16.40 1996 : 15.70 15.70 14.50 13.60 14.00 21.00 1997 : 15.70 14.60 13.30 13.90 13.90 13.90 US : 1992 : 19.00 17.10 13.20 12.80 11.70 10.80 16.90 16.70 14.40 12.80 12.00 13.80 1993 : 18.00 13.20 11.20 12.70 11.20 10.20 9.04 10.10 9.98 10.30 11.00 10.90 1994 : 10.70 10.40 11.50 10.30 12.10 12.10 13.50 16.10 15.30 15.30 15.10 15.70 1995 : 19.20 16.90 18.70 19.40 19.20 15.20 15.00 16.10 16.10 15.30 15.50 13.00 1996 : 12.60 13.80 15.90 15.70 12.00 11.00 10.50 14.50 12.60 12.00 16.00 17.20 1997 : 15.00 14.80 13.50 12.60 12.60 12.60 12.60 13.20 12.70 12.00 12.50 16.80 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Cauliflower : CA : 1995 : 31.40 31.50 53.90 68.40 47.70 37.60 26.70 34.20 25.40 21.10 22.60 33.20 1996 : 35.20 36.10 52.80 37.00 37.70 35.70 24.30 26.80 22.60 28.70 30.00 31.10 1997 : 29.60 33.80 32.60 27.70 20.70 31.20 38.90 22.90 34.50 49.30 27.60 28.90 NY : 1995 : 34.20 25.40 21.10 1996 : 33.30 33.30 33.30 1997 : 34.80 34.80 34.80 US : 1992 : 23.70 19.60 21.90 25.00 33.90 37.80 22.80 43.40 26.20 27.10 38.00 40.30 1993 : 34.30 29.10 24.70 44.90 26.90 37.00 28.30 29.30 38.70 27.40 21.60 30.90 1994 : 24.80 24.90 23.10 20.80 32.20 29.10 31.40 24.30 34.00 31.30 42.50 29.80 1995 : 31.40 31.50 53.90 68.40 47.70 37.60 26.70 34.20 25.40 21.10 22.60 33.20 1996 : 35.20 36.10 52.80 37.00 37.70 35.70 24.30 27.20 23.80 29.20 30.00 31.10 1997 : 29.60 33.80 32.60 27.70 20.70 31.20 38.90 23.40 34.60 46.90 27.60 28.90 : : Celery : CA : 1995 : 24.30 26.00 20.60 33.30 24.50 14.40 11.30 10.40 16.80 13.10 12.90 11.40 1996 : 7.90 8.50 12.20 11.60 8.90 11.50 11.10 9.20 10.80 9.30 12.40 13.40 1997 : 16.20 16.20 12.30 10.50 15.40 9.89 19.00 16.40 14.00 13.40 18.40 19.10 MI : 1995 : 15.00 11.00 15.50 13.60 1996 : 16.50 13.00 13.50 12.90 1997 : 23.60 19.40 15.40 13.50 US : 1992 : 8.81 7.74 10.40 15.10 15.80 12.10 11.30 14.50 15.90 13.00 12.40 15.60 1993 : 24.00 35.60 27.40 16.50 14.40 9.45 9.41 11.80 14.20 13.30 11.50 11.10 1994 : 11.40 8.85 7.78 8.34 13.50 8.92 12.40 14.90 12.60 12.00 13.90 25.50 1995 : 24.30 26.00 20.60 33.30 24.50 14.40 11.60 10.50 16.50 13.20 12.90 11.40 1996 : 7.90 8.50 12.20 11.60 8.90 11.50 11.50 10.30 11.60 9.79 12.40 13.40 1997 : 16.20 16.20 12.30 10.50 15.40 9.89 19.30 17.00 14.30 13.40 18.40 19.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Sweet Corn : CA : 1995 : 21.20 19.90 19.00 19.70 15.50 16.10 22.30 20.90 26.00 1996 : 21.50 17.10 16.20 16.70 16.10 19.50 19.20 20.00 21.00 1997 : 20.30 18.80 14.90 15.80 14.90 16.50 18.20 19.80 19.70 FL : 1995 : 25.00 44.70 27.80 16.50 25.50 18.50 14.30 25.80 23.00 1996 : 29.90 30.20 28.90 22.00 17.60 13.10 12.00 16.60 18.90 16.80 1997 : 29.00 25.80 33.90 26.40 22.00 18.60 12.60 13.70 18.10 20.00 MI : 1995 : 20.00 14.40 17.40 1996 : 30.00 17.00 15.00 1997 : 18.90 16.40 NJ : 1995 : 29.00 14.40 16.60 27.40 26.60 1996 : 26.70 19.10 16.00 20.30 1997 : 24.60 20.40 15.80 17.60 NY : 1995 : 11.50 19.30 19.30 19.30 1996 : 10.00 16.10 14.90 14.50 1997 : 22.00 15.90 13.50 14.00 OH : 1995 : 22.50 16.60 17.60 17.60 1996 : 20.80 15.70 16.20 1997 : 21.50 15.90 15.80 PA : 1995 : 22.80 18.70 20.50 1996 : 21.90 20.70 19.60 1997 : 28.40 29.30 27.10 US : 1992 : 26.30 21.90 28.20 16.20 14.70 12.00 14.80 14.60 13.70 16.80 20.40 22.60 1993 : 23.30 39.20 25.20 23.50 20.60 17.70 18.50 16.80 14.70 22.10 16.60 24.30 1994 : 24.50 15.50 22.80 18.50 20.40 20.20 19.10 11.90 15.30 19.70 19.90 26.00 1995 : 25.00 44.70 27.80 16.60 24.50 18.80 18.60 17.10 18.50 20.70 24.00 23.30 1996 : 29.90 30.20 28.90 21.90 17.50 14.00 18.90 17.40 16.70 17.90 19.40 17.70 1997 : 29.00 25.80 33.90 26.00 21.20 17.00 18.40 18.10 16.90 15.30 18.90 19.90 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Honeydew Melons : AZ : 1995 : 43.70 27.20 23.50 23.50 21.20 21.20 17.10 1996 : 31.30 18.00 12.00 14.20 14.70 17.00 20.00 1997 : 30.00 20.00 15.00 15.70 11.70 12.50 13.80 CA : 1995 : 23.50 27.60 22.00 16.90 13.70 21.20 18.40 20.20 1996 : 15.90 19.80 13.60 13.40 16.70 22.40 21.60 20.00 1997 : 28.50 21.00 14.40 12.60 22.70 31.90 22.20 29.50 TX : 1995 : 25.30 22.40 1996 : 19.10 20.20 1997 : 23.90 20.40 US : 1992 : 14.30 13.10 8.69 11.50 14.10 20.80 24.50 1993 : 23.60 19.50 15.90 14.60 16.40 21.40 22.20 1994 : 18.70 17.30 14.00 12.90 16.20 23.50 21.50 1995 : 25.60 25.70 22.40 17.30 14.00 21.20 18.00 20.20 1996 : 19.10 19.20 13.30 13.40 16.70 21.20 21.20 20.00 1997 : 25.10 20.50 14.40 12.70 22.50 29.80 20.20 29.50 : : Lettuce : AZ-Yuma : 1995 : 13.00 9.13 23.60 8.71 11.50 17.10 1996 : 9.03 17.20 12.80 12.40 8.65 1997 : 14.80 9.40 13.40 13.70 23.20 AZ-Other : 1995 : 41.80 47.60 43.70 15.30 12.30 9.52 8.26 1996 : 15.90 11.10 12.00 20.50 13.50 12.60 18.20 23.00 1997 : 14.70 8.70 8.89 34.10 39.70 CA : 1995 : 14.20 9.87 41.20 48.50 48.50 15.60 12.50 16.50 25.90 15.00 11.60 12.20 1996 : 17.80 9.26 17.20 13.30 13.20 15.10 12.70 23.60 13.60 15.60 20.50 9.52 1997 : 15.20 10.00 13.80 15.80 10.50 14.70 17.00 22.80 22.30 35.10 29.40 14.00 CO 1/ : 1995 : 7.00 7.15 11.70 1996 : 1997 : FL 1/ : 1995 : 17.50 12.80 45.90 56.80 65.60 54.80 1996 : 1997 : NJ : 1995 : 40.20 16.90 29.00 27.50 27.60 24.00 34.20 1996 : 38.60 19.80 13.50 15.00 26.30 16.40 34.70 1997 : 25.30 26.40 26.00 34.40 28.80 31.90 NM : 1995 : 27.00 7.50 9.00 5.80 4.90 1996 : 6.80 8.74 13.20 20.30 1997 : 13.70 8.90 38.70 39.10 NY : 1995 : 17.40 15.30 14.60 13.20 1996 : 13.00 13.00 13.00 1997 : 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 US : 1992 : 7.23 6.75 11.90 9.91 11.20 9.84 13.00 19.90 21.00 13.60 9.63 16.30 1993 : 10.80 18.70 14.30 37.80 12.60 11.50 18.80 14.90 16.80 12.20 10.50 8.28 1994 : 7.91 11.80 9.71 11.70 11.40 13.80 10.60 10.90 17.30 22.10 22.40 37.20 1995 : 13.40 9.32 27.00 48.20 47.00 15.60 12.60 15.20 25.60 13.30 11.50 16.10 1996 : 11.30 14.90 16.50 13.20 13.30 15.20 12.70 23.50 13.70 15.40 17.70 8.87 1997 : 14.90 9.58 13.50 15.60 10.40 14.90 17.10 22.80 22.30 34.80 29.90 21.30 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for the 1996 and 1997 seasons are not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Spring Onions : AZ : 1995 : 7.50 7.32 7.75 8.00 1996 : 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 1997 : 17.40 13.60 15.40 CA : 1995 : 18.60 15.60 9.30 11.40 1996 : 10.70 9.60 9.90 9.50 1997 : 16.60 12.60 15.50 14.10 TX : 1995 : 18.60 25.70 15.30 10.50 1996 : 8.74 9.45 10.10 1997 : 17.90 14.00 18.30 US : 1992 : 33.10 23.80 12.40 9.15 11.10 1993 : 25.40 33.10 23.80 10.40 10.90 1994 : 14.20 10.10 8.64 8.69 10.20 1995 : 18.60 22.20 14.60 9.35 11.20 1996 : 8.74 9.53 9.75 9.75 9.50 1997 : 17.60 13.20 16.20 14.10 : : Summer Onions : Non-Storage : NM : 1995 : 11.70 14.80 11.40 1996 : 12.40 14.40 14.00 1997 : 16.50 14.30 12.10 TX : 1995 : 15.10 10.30 1996 : 13.20 12.20 1997 : 14.00 14.00 WA : 1995 : 18.40 15.00 15.00 1996 : 25.20 20.60 20.60 1997 : 19.40 15.90 15.90 US : 1992 : 11.00 12.80 15.80 1993 : 14.60 10.30 13.80 14.40 13.10 1994 : 8.27 13.90 10.10 1995 : 11.80 14.90 11.40 1996 : 12.80 14.60 13.90 1997 : 16.90 14.30 12.80 : : Summer Onions : Storage : CA : 1995 : 25.00 25.00 25.00 11.40 9.50 12.10 14.10 15.00 17.50 1996 : 15.90 15.80 16.00 9.50 10.00 13.10 15.60 12.10 16.40 1997 : 19.60 14.60 14.10 14.20 11.20 9.90 12.40 16.20 CO : 1995 : 15.40 21.60 11.30 10.80 11.60 11.70 1996 : 12.90 9.70 8.90 13.50 14.50 14.40 14.40 14.50 13.50 1997 : 11.20 9.20 7.90 14.60 11.60 11.00 11.40 12.30 ID, E-OR : 1995 : 15.00 19.00 22.80 9.10 8.80 8.80 8.40 8.50 1996 : 9.60 7.10 5.20 14.10 13.00 11.10 10.30 10.10 1997 : 9.70 7.50 8.13 10.40 12.20 9.10 8.30 10.20 10.90 MI : 1995 : 8.70 9.40 7.60 14.00 9.30 8.90 8.80 8.80 1996 : 9.50 9.50 9.00 12.40 11.40 10.50 10.00 1997 : 10.00 10.50 11.00 10.60 8.80 8.00 8.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Summer Onions : Storage : NY : 1995 : 11.70 10.80 11.20 16.60 16.60 18.10 11.40 11.70 11.00 13.80 1996 : 14.90 22.40 11.40 9.35 13.50 13.50 12.50 10.20 9.70 1997 : 9.10 8.10 7.65 8.40 26.80 15.00 12.00 11.60 11.50 OH : 1995 : 10.10 12.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 1996 : 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 1997 : 8.00 8.00 8.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 OR-West : 1995 : 12.70 14.50 11.80 11.80 14.00 11.10 10.50 11.30 1996 : 10.70 11.00 11.00 11.00 9.60 9.00 8.50 1997 : 9.40 8.00 10.10 11.20 10.10 9.70 10.80 UT : 1995 : 11.00 10.00 9.00 6.30 6.80 6.70 6.30 6.20 1996 : 6.60 5.20 4.00 6.40 8.40 8.90 7.70 7.20 8.20 1997 : 8.50 8.70 9.00 6.30 7.90 9.00 10.50 WA : 1995 : 8.90 19.00 19.00 19.00 8.70 8.55 8.50 7.55 8.00 1996 : 9.75 7.50 6.95 4.80 4.80 11.70 10.90 9.30 8.30 8.10 1997 : 7.80 6.00 7.95 14.00 14.00 12.00 8.90 7.70 8.65 9.60 : : Summer Onions : Storage : US : 1992 : 10.70 12.80 20.30 22.50 11.10 13.40 12.40 11.60 12.00 14.80 1993 : 16.60 14.00 16.30 19.40 10.90 15.00 13.30 12.10 18.70 24.50 1994 : 31.40 33.90 18.90 13.90 10.30 9.31 9.32 10.60 12.20 12.70 1995 : 13.50 17.60 17.80 15.70 16.60 11.40 8.24 10.00 9.83 9.48 10.10 1996 : 10.70 10.10 7.98 7.39 4.80 9.59 12.00 12.70 11.50 10.40 10.20 1997 : 9.75 7.87 8.09 11.60 14.00 14.10 14.00 10.20 9.19 9.86 10.90 : : All Summer Onions : US : 1992 : 10.70 12.80 20.30 22.50 11.00 12.30 13.80 12.40 11.60 12.00 14.80 1993 : 16.60 14.00 16.30 19.40 14.60 10.30 13.00 14.80 13.30 12.10 18.70 24.50 1994 : 31.40 33.90 18.90 13.90 8.27 12.70 9.54 9.32 10.60 12.20 12.70 1995 : 13.50 17.60 17.80 15.70 16.60 11.80 14.00 9.56 10.00 9.83 9.48 10.10 1996 : 10.70 10.10 7.98 7.39 4.80 12.80 12.50 12.60 12.70 11.50 10.40 10.20 1997 : 9.75 7.87 8.09 11.60 14.00 16.90 14.20 13.60 10.20 9.19 9.86 10.90 : : All Onions : US : 1992 : 10.70 12.80 20.80 23.60 12.40 10.00 12.20 13.80 12.40 11.60 12.00 14.80 1993 : 16.60 14.00 17.30 31.00 23.60 10.40 12.70 14.80 13.30 12.10 18.70 24.50 1994 : 31.40 33.90 18.80 10.80 8.64 8.49 12.30 9.54 9.32 10.60 12.20 12.70 1995 : 13.50 17.60 17.90 20.00 14.70 10.40 13.60 9.56 10.00 9.83 9.48 10.10 1996 : 10.70 10.10 8.11 8.86 9.54 11.10 12.10 12.60 12.70 11.50 10.40 10.20 1997 : 9.75 7.87 8.09 14.90 13.30 16.50 14.20 13.60 10.20 9.19 9.86 10.90 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Winter Strawberries : FL : 1992 : 99.00 73.00 55.00 41.00 132.00 133.00 1993 : 88.00 91.00 59.00 52.00 150.00 141.00 1994 : 80.90 59.00 47.40 40.30 129.00 1995 :131.00 92.00 56.00 42.00 144.00 1996 : 93.00 78.00 51.00 51.00 160.00 1997 : 97.00 71.00 69.00 184.00 : : Spring Strawberries : CA : 1995 : 65.50 67.00 65.50 57.60 66.90 53.10 50.70 63.30 41.50 49.70 115.00 1996 : 80.30 76.70 38.50 45.60 65.00 44.10 54.80 61.50 40.70 1997 :116.00 98.30 85.80 42.70 54.30 74.80 56.20 53.10 67.50 69.80 MI : 1995 : 71.00 1996 : 78.00 78.00 1997 : 80.00 80.00 US : 1992 :135.00 95.00 85.00 50.00 41.30 64.30 49.80 89.20 61.10 70.70 115.00 1993 :102.00 80.20 57.70 42.40 38.30 46.10 32.80 46.90 48.90 64.20 93.70 1994 : 77.90 99.00 94.40 57.50 56.40 52.30 49.50 49.00 46.60 82.40 89.90 1995 : 65.50 67.00 65.60 57.60 66.90 54.00 50.70 63.30 41.50 49.70 115.00 1996 : 80.30 76.70 38.50 45.60 65.40 44.70 54.80 61.50 40.70 1997 :116.00 98.30 85.80 42.70 54.30 75.10 56.60 53.10 67.50 69.80 : : All Strawberries : US : 1992 :110.00 79.90 69.60 49.10 41.30 64.30 49.80 89.20 61.10 70.70 117.00 133.00 1993 : 90.70 88.50 58.40 43.80 38.30 46.10 32.80 46.90 48.90 64.20 95.70 141.00 1994 : 79.50 71.90 67.90 56.70 56.40 52.30 49.50 49.00 46.60 82.40 89.90 129.00 1995 : 87.60 80.20 59.20 54.30 66.90 54.00 50.70 63.30 41.50 49.70 115.00 144.00 1996 : 93.00 79.40 65.90 39.30 45.60 65.40 44.70 54.80 61.50 40.70 160.00 1997 :102.00 78.40 80.40 42.70 54.30 75.10 56.60 53.10 67.50 69.80 184.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vegetables for Fresh Market: Prices Received Monthly, by State, 1995-97, and United States, 1992-97 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : : : : : : and : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec Year : : : : : : : : : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : : Tomatoes AR : 1995 : 45.00 38.00 36.00 36.00 1996 : 37.00 40.00 40.00 1997 : 40.00 32.00 32.00 CA : 1995 : 32.80 17.10 12.70 17.20 20.20 22.70 28.00 1996 : 35.90 26.80 23.50 20.60 22.40 27.60 29.40 25.30 1997 : 36.90 27.30 25.40 25.40 23.20 23.30 41.10 FL : 1995 : 41.10 29.80 37.10 20.50 14.70 34.90 28.60 39.60 24.90 1996 : 18.40 40.00 81.70 50.50 23.60 20.30 29.30 29.70 30.70 1997 : 33.50 47.30 58.80 26.30 32.40 37.80 31.00 48.10 48.80 MI : 1995 : 30.40 30.40 30.40 30.40 1996 : 24.20 24.20 24.20 1997 : 24.20 24.20 24.20 NJ : 1995 : 39.70 25.40 37.20 32.50 1996 : 46.00 28.00 28.70 44.00 43.20 1997 : 58.40 31.50 27.40 30.90 NY : 1995 : 25.00 25.00 24.50 24.50 24.50 1996 : 100.00 40.00 17.50 20.00 1997 : 30.00 30.00 28.30 29.10 SC : 1995 : 38.00 41.60 33.30 33.30 33.30 33.30 1996 : 29.30 30.20 28.30 28.90 37.60 32.80 1997 : 59.90 27.50 27.90 33.00 VA : 1995 : 32.50 30.00 31.00 31.00 1996 : 23.00 24.00 26.00 25.50 1997 : 36.00 35.00 34.00 30.00 30.00 US : 1992 : 40.50 76.00 80.70 32.40 16.70 21.90 28.20 23.50 29.30 60.10 39.10 34.30 1993 : 38.30 21.90 21.20 45.20 58.10 22.90 23.30 32.70 29.80 19.40 31.60 57.60 1994 : 41.50 19.30 24.50 16.50 20.60 31.30 26.90 30.60 22.70 28.50 31.20 37.40 1995 : 41.10 29.80 37.10 20.50 14.70 35.70 24.40 19.60 19.50 22.50 33.10 25.00 1996 : 18.40 40.00 81.70 50.50 24.40 24.20 26.00 22.10 23.40 28.30 29.70 30.40 1997 : 33.50 47.30 58.80 26.30 33.40 32.60 28.60 27.30 25.20 27.40 45.40 48.80 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Prices Parity prices based on data for January 1998 and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed, are presented in the table on page A-39 through A-42. Annual average prices for 1988 through 1997 for use in parity computations, and ten-year averages for 1987-96 and 1988-97 are shown on pages A-44 through A-53. Parity Prices shown on the following pages are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The major provisions of the amended Act relating to the calculation of parity prices are as follows: "(1) (A) The 'parity price' for any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be determined by multiplying the adjusted base price of such commodity as of such date by the parity index as of such date. "(B) The 'adjusted base price' of any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be (i) the average of the prices received by farmers for such commodity, at such time as the Secretary may select during each year of the ten-year period ending on the 31st of December last before such date, or during each marketing season beginning in such period if the Secretary determines use of a calendar year basis to be impracticable, divided by (ii) the ratio of the general level of prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(C) The 'parity index', as of any date, shall be the ratio of (i) the general level of prices for articles and services that farmers buy, wages paid hired farm labor, interest on farm indebtedness secured by farm real estate, and taxes on farm real estate, for the calendar month ending last before such date to (ii) the general level of such prices, wages, rates, and taxes during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(D) The prices and indexes provided for herein, and the data used in computing them, shall be determined by the Secretary, whose determination shall be final." Section 301(a) (1) (F) outlines authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to make special adjustments in the method of computing parity prices for particular commodities if the method outlined in the Act results in parity prices seriously out of line with those of other commodities. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 1998 this is the 1988-97 average). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-14=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, U.S. parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. The indexes used in the computation of parity prices are published currently in "Agricultural Prices". For the purpose of illustrating the computation of parity prices, the calculation of the parity price for corn based on data for January 1998 is given below. The 120-month, January 1988-December 1997 average of prices received by farmers for corn was $2.95 per bushel, adjusted to allow for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. The 120-month average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans, etc., was 687 (1910-14=100). Dividing $2.95 by 6.87 gives $.429 per bushel, the adjusted base price which is multiplied by 1525 percent, the Parity Index (1910-14=100), based on data for January 1998. This gives $6.54 per bushel, the parity price of corn during February 1998. The Parity Ratio The parity ratio (the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the products they sell divided by the Parity Index (1910-14=100) provides an indication of the per unit purchasing power of farm commodities generally in terms of the goods and services currently bought by farmers, in relation to purchasing power of farm products in the 1910-14 base period. Thus, a Parity Ratio less than 100 indicates that the average per unit purchasing power of all farm products is lower than during the 1910-14 period. The parity ratio is a measure of price relationships; not a measure of farm income, farmers' total purchasing power, or farmers' welfare. The latter depends upon a number of factors other than price relationships, such as changes in production efficiency and technology, quantities of farm products sold, and supplementary income, including that from off-farm jobs and federal programs. An adjusted parity ratio is computed and published which incorporates supplementary income for federal farm programs. A "preliminary adjusted parity ratio reflecting government payments" based on the forecast of direct government payments for the year is published each quarter in "Agricultural Prices". Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1998 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars Basic Commodities : Wheat, Bu 3/ : .632 9.64 Rice, Cwt 3/ : 1.76 26.80 Corn, Bu 3/ : .429 6.54 Cotton, Lb : American Upland 3/ : .112 1.71 Extra Long Staple : .147 2.24 Peanuts, Lb : .0422 .644 Tobacco, Lb : Flue-Cured, Types 11-14 : .249 3.80 VA Fire-Cured, Type 21 : .243 3.71 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : .311 4.74 Burley, Type 31 : .262 4.00 Maryland, Type 32 : .217 3.31 Dark Air-Cured, Types 35-36 : .261 3.98 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : .218 3.32 PA SeedLeaf, Type 41 : .186 2.84 Cigar Filler & Binder, : Types 42-44, 54-55 : .213 3.25 Puerto Rican Filler, Type 46 : .173 2.64 Cigar Binder, Types 51-52 : .489 7.46 : Designated Nonbasic Commodities : Soybeans, Bu 3/ : .924 14.10 All Milk Sold to Plants, Cwt : 1.92 29.30 Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted : .0859 1.310 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb 3/ : .270 4.12 Mohair, Lb : .721 11.00 : Other Nonbasic Commodities : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu 3/ : .386 5.89 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.70 239.00 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.29 50.20 Flaxseed, Bu : .782 11.90 All Hay, Baled, Ton : 12.30 188.00 Hops, Lb : .236 3.60 Oats, Bu 3/ : .237 3.61 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 2.01 30.70 Potatoes, Cwt : .839 12.80 Rye, Bu : .325 4.96 Sorghum Grain, Cwt 3/ : .675 10.30 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 1.88 28.70 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 1.61 24.60 Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 2.58 39.30 : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1998 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box : Grapefruit 13/ : .704 10.70 Lemons 13/ : 1.150 17.50 Limes (FL) : 1.21 18.50 Oranges 13/ : .900 13.70 Tangerines 13/ : 1.90 29.00 Temples 13/ : .755 11.50 : Fruit, Deciduous and Other : Apples : Fresh, Lb 4/ : .0285 .435 Processing, Ton 13/ : 18.30 279.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh : 140.00 2,140.00 Processing : Dried (CA) : 297.00 4,530.00 Excl Dried : 41.30 630.00 Avocados, Ton 13/ : 141.00 2,150.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 153.00 2,330.00 Tart, Lb 13/ : .0363 .554 Cranberries, Bbl 13/ : 7.10 108.00 Dates (CA) Ton 5/ : 126.00 1,920.00 : Discontinued Nonbasic Commodities : Field Crops and Misc 14/ : Crude Pine Gum, Bbl : 13.90 212.00 Dry Field Peas, Cwt : 1.89 28.80 Popcorn, Cwt : 1.81 27.60 Tobacco, Type 62, Lb : .858 13.10 : Fruit, Deciduous and Other 16/ : Berries, Processing, Lb : Blackberries : .0620 .946 Black Raspberries : .106 1.62 Boysenberries/Youngberries : .0879 1.340 Gooseberries : .0373 .569 Loganberries : .0603 .920 Red Raspberries : .0844 1.290 : Seed Crops, Cwt 14/ : Alfalfa : 19.30 294.00 Bentgrass : 18.90 288.00 Chewings Fescue : 10.00 153.00 Crimson Clover : 8.40 128.00 Hairy Vetch : 5.81 88.60 Ladino Clover : 24.70 377.00 Lespedeza : 8.31 127.00 Merion KY Bluegrass : 22.00 336.00 Orchardgrass : 7.16 109.00 Red Clover : 12.00 183.00 Red Fescue : 10.10 154.00 Tall Fescue : 3.67 56.00 Timothy : 6.40 97.60 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1998 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Fruit, Deciduous and Other, Cont: Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 136.00 2,070.00 Excl Raisin Varieties Dried : 55.00 839.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 13/ : 75.80 1,160.00 Nectarines (CA), Ton : Fresh 5/ : 61.40 936.00 Processing 6/ : 4.77 72.70 Olives (CA), Ton 7/ : Processing : Crushed for oil : 1.62 24.70 Excl crushed : 81.40 1,240.00 Canning : 93.70 1,430.00 Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : .0459 .700 Peaches : Fresh, Lb 7/ : .0399 .608 Processing : Dried (CA), Ton 6/ : 125.00 1,910.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone (CA), Ton 7/ : 31.40 479.00 Freestone, Ton 6/ : 26.80 409.00 Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 51.50 785.00 Processing, Ton 6/ : Dried (CA) : 142.00 2,170.00 Excluding Dried : 30.00 458.00 Plums (CA) Equiv On-Tree : Fresh, Ton 8/ : 53.10 810.00 Processing, Ton : .22 3.32 Prunes, Dried (CA), Ton 13/ : 122.00 1,860.00 Prunes & Plums (EX CA) Ton : Fresh 8/ : 58.20 888.00 Processing 6/ : 21.70 331.00 Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 6/ : .0838 1.280 Processing : .0383 .584 Sugar Crops, Ton : Sugarbeets 10/ 13/ : 5.89 89.80 Sugarcane 10/ 13/ : 4.37 66.60 : Tree Nuts 11/ : Almonds, Lb : .215 3.28 Filberts, Ton : 115.00 1,750.00 Pecans, All, Ton : 266.00 4,060.00 Walnuts, Ton 13/ : 148.00 2,260.00 : Vegetables, Fresh, Cwt 9/ : Asparagus : 13.00 198.00 Broccoli 12/ : 3.67 56.00 Carrots 12/ : 1.75 26.70 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1998 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Cauliflower 12/ : 4.21 64.20 Celery 12/ : 1.86 28.40 Greenhouse Cucumbers : Honeydew Melons : 2.45 37.40 Lettuce : 2.14 32.60 Onions 12/ : 1.72 26.20 Sweet Corn : 2.42 36.90 Tomatoes : 4.38 66.80 : Vegetables, Processing, Ton 6/ : Asparagus : 153.00 2,330.00 Green Peas : 37.40 570.00 Snap Beans : 25.50 389.00 Sweet Corn : 10.20 156.00 Tomatoes : 9.18 140.00 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.90 151.00 Calves, Cwt : 12.60 192.00 Eggs, Doz : .0946 1.44 Hogs, Cwt : 6.72 102.00 Lambs, Cwt : 10.10 154.00 Sheep, Cwt : 4.12 62.80 Turkeys, Lb : .0575 .877 : Discontinued Nonbasic Commodities : Vegetables, Fresh, Cwt 14/ : Artichokes : 4.55 69.40 Cabbage : 1.38 21.00 Cantaloupes : 2.13 32.50 Cucumbers : 2.28 34.80 Eggplant : 2.41 36.80 Escarole : 3.10 47.30 Garlic : 2.93 44.70 Green Peppers : 3.60 54.90 Snap Beans : 4.51 68.80 Spinach : 3.95 60.20 Watermelon : .846 12.90 : Vegetables, Processing, Ton 14/ : Beets : 7.79 119.00 Cabbage : 6.01 91.70 Lima Beans : 67.00 1020.00 Spinach : 14.50 221.00 : Livestock and Products 14/ : Beeswax, Lb : .291 4.44 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on data for January 1998 (continued) 1/ Adjusted base price 1910-14 derived by dividing the average of 10 season average prices 1988-97, including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations, by 687 percent (the 120-month, Jan 1988-Dec 1997 average of the index of prices received by farmers adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments) unless otherwise noted. 2/ These parity prices are the legally applicable parity prices for the following calendar month. 3/ Adjusted base price 1910-14 derived from 120-month, Jan 1988-Dec 1997 average including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only starting in 1985), OR (except peaches), and WA. Prices "as sold" for other states. 5/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 6/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 7/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 8/ Based on 'as sold' prices for fresh fruit in all states. 9/ Average F.O.B. shipping point prices. 10/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 11/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 12/ Includes some processing. 13/ The 1997 marketing year average prices are not yet available for these commodities. Therefore, the adjusted base prices are brought forward from 1996, except citrus items (excluding limes) and cranberries. 14/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for these items. Therefore, the adjusted base price is brought forward from July 1986. Average Base Period Prices Received by Farmers, US, 1910-14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price : Average : : Price : Average Commodity : Per : Jan 1910- : Commodity : Per : Jan 1910- : Unit : Dec 1914 : : Unit : Dec 1914 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : All Wheat :Dol/Bu : .880 : Sweetpotatoes :Dol/Cwt: 1.61 Rice (Rough) :Dol/Cwt: 1.81 : Dry Edible Beans :Dol/Cwt: 3.39 Corn :Dol/Bu : .649 : All Beef Cattle :Dol/Cwt: 5.52 Oats :Dol/Bu : .399 : Calves :Dol/Cwt: 6.84 All Barley :Dol/Bu : .617 : All Hogs :Dol/Cwt: 7.29 All Hay, Baled :Dol/Ton: 11.90 : Lambs :Dol/Cwt: 5.96 Cotton : Ct/Lb : 11.92 : Sheep :Dol/Cwt: 4.59 Peanuts : Ct/Lb : 4.83 : All Milk :Dol/Cwt: 1.61 Cottonseed :Dol/Ton: 21.80 : All Eggs : Ct/Doz: 21.6 Flaxseed :Dol/Bu : 1.68 : Turkeys, Live : Ct/Lb : 14.3 Potatoes :Dol/Cwt: 1.13 : Wool : Ct/Lb : 17.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : : : : : : : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 627 659 660 632 626 643 634 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 2.27 2.43 2.40 2.33 2.29 2.22 2.41 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.575 0.595 0.648 0.655 0.532 0.538 0.661 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb : 1.180 0.971 1.060 0.970 0.788 0.870 1.025 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.508 1.624 1.811 1.602 1.470 1.430 1.481 Wheat, Bu : 3.33 3.88 2.98 2.74 3.41 3.21 3.52 Rice, Cwt : 7.80 7.00 6.90 7.34 7.03 5.98 8.22 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 12.20 13.60 13.70 12.20 13.10 12.80 13.00 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 2.38 2.55 2.21 2.07 2.09 1.98 2.01 Dry Beans, Cwt : 22.40 29.70 27.40 17.60 17.60 20.70 24.60 Flaxseed, Bu : 5.85 7.34 6.86 4.09 3.75 4.25 4.49 Hay, Baled, Ton : 77.30 89.20 85.30 74.70 71.90 82.30 88.90 Oats, Bu : 2.26 1.87 1.27 1.15 1.36 1.40 1.29 Rye, Bu : 2.52 2.06 2.09 2.20 2.38 2.55 2.70 Sorghum, Cwt : 3.66 3.90 3.87 3.96 3.87 3.66 3.97 Soybeans, Bu : 7.21 6.63 5.82 5.60 5.56 6.04 6.11 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 13.00 16.40 9.70 13.30 12.20 15.10 14.00 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.164 0.146 0.167 0.230 0.248 0.183 0.183 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 66.80 69.70 74.80 72.90 71.30 73.40 66.50 Calves, Cwt : 89.90 91.80 96.50 99.90 89.40 95.90 87.10 Eggs, Doz : 0.533 0.700 0.704 0.660 0.564 0.629 0.609 Hogs, Cwt : 42.50 43.20 54.00 48.80 42.00 45.20 39.50 Lambs, Cwt : 69.50 67.30 56.00 52.50 60.80 64.60 64.80 Sheep, Cwt : 27.10 27.00 23.80 20.40 26.90 29.50 31.60 Turkeys, Lb : 0.343 0.369 0.400 0.384 0.377 0.376 0.390 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 1988-97 Average : : : :1987-96:-------------------- Commodity and Unit : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 :Average: As :For Parity : : : : :Computed:Purposes 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 647 712 679 640 652 687 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 2.56 3.55 2.60 2.40 2.51 2.95 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.772 0.741 0.679 0.631 0.640 0.771 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb : 1.228 1.022 1.007 1.015 1.012 1.013 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.573 1.856 0.000 1.547 0.000 Wheat, Bu : 4.09 4.77 3.71 3.45 3.56 4.34 Rice, Cwt : 7.62 9.59 9.97 7.21 7.75 12.10 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 12.80 14.90 13.40 13.10 13.20 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 2.47 3.07 2.39 2.26 2.32 2.65 Dry Beans, Cwt : 21.90 23.70 20.90 22.30 22.60 Flaxseed, Bu : 5.05 5.92 6.11 5.08 5.37 Hay, Baled, Ton : 83.20 90.40 102.80 80.50 84.60 Oats, Bu : 1.45 2.01 1.71 1.56 1.58 1.63 Rye, Bu : 2.90 3.70 3.60 2.06 2.23 Sorghum, Cwt : 4.51 5.93 4.10 3.99 4.14 4.64 Soybeans, Bu : 5.85 7.27 7.40 6.12 6.35 6.35 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 15.90 14.40 16.40 0.00 0.00 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.205 0.242 0.195 0.194 0.196 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 62.20 59.30 63.30 67.80 68.00 Calves, Cwt : 74.80 58.70 82.30 86.20 86.60 Eggs, Doz : 0.638 0.760 0.698 0.633 0.650 Hogs, Cwt : 41.80 53.30 52.00 46.10 46.20 Lambs, Cwt : 78.30 88.30 90.60 68.00 69.30 69.30 Sheep, Cwt : 28.60 30.30 38.20 27.50 28.30 Turkeys, Lb : 0.407 0.411 0.435 0.389 0.395 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.280 0.280 0.347 0.283 0.300 0.304 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.613 1.674 1.673 1.723 1.726 1.681 Type 21 : 1.482 1.537 1.602 1.526 1.615 1.719 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 2.207 1.990 1.952 2.134 2.173 2.194 Burley, Type 31 : 1.610 1.672 1.753 1.788 1.815 1.816 Types 35-36 : 1.628 1.701 1.863 1.840 1.694 1.715 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.239 1.351 1.456 1.434 1.380 1.521 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 1.040 1.270 1.390 1.430 1.150 0.950 Cigar Filler & Binder: Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.550 1.487 1.432 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : 0.731 Types 51-52 : 1.700 1.800 2.500 2.600 2.800 3.000 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.500 0.498 0.537 0.556 0.550 0.539 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 1.380 1.240 0.800 0.550 0.740 0.510 Mohair, Lb : 1.89 1.58 0.93 1.28 0.86 0.82 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton : 118.00 105.00 121.00 71.00 97.50 113.00 Hops, Lb : 1.400 1.380 1.480 1.680 1.740 1.760 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 15.90 13.10 13.90 13.30 12.80 13.30 Potatoes, Cwt : 6.02 7.36 6.08 4.96 5.52 6.18 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 12.80 13.90 14.90 13.90 12.80 12.30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1987-96: 1988-97 Commodity and Unit : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.289 0.293 0.264 0.261 0.292 0.290 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.698 1.790 1.834 1.727 1.700 1.714 Type 21 : 1.612 1.640 1.790 2.124 1.584 1.665 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 2.092 2.172 2.245 2.270 2.067 2.143 Burley, Type 31 : 1.841 1.854 1.922 1.913 1.763 1.798 Types 35-36 : 1.685 1.762 1.952 2.100 1.714 1.794 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.476 1.555 1.782 1.796 1.422 1.499 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 1.000 1.450 1.550 1.550 1.195 1.278 Cigar Filler & Binder: Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.450 1.450 1.486 1.500 1.411 1.461 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : 0.739 Types 51-52 : 3.060 3.888 6.279 6.000 2.933 3.363 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.528 0.685 0.894 6/ 0.579 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 0.780 1.040 0.700 6/ 0.866 Mohair, Lb : 2.56 1.84 1.92 6/ 1.63 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton : 101.00 106.00 129.00 121.00 104.00 108.00 Hops, Lb : 1.810 1.710 1.650 1.580 1.610 1.620 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 14.60 13.80 13.60 13.20 13.60 13.80 Potatoes, Cwt : 5.58 6.77 4.93 6/ 5.78 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 12.50 12.30 12.00 12.00 13.00 12.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 21.20 21.70 21.00 18.00 17.00 17.00 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 4.41 5.86 5.55 6.20 2.75 3.33 Lemons : 8.74 12.02 12.00 9.13 6.15 6.18 Limes (FL) : 11.29 8.26 13.99 9.12 1.02 12.70 Oranges : 7.08 6.13 6.79 5.52 3.88 4.40 Tangerines : 12.61 15.80 16.69 14.77 12.08 9.56 Temples : 5.46 5.64 6.31 6.51 2.99 2.73 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 123.00 107.00 144.00 171.00 130.00 107.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ :1,000.00 1,070.00 960.00 1,250.00 980.00 1,140.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) :2,100.00 1,890.00 1,950.00 2,110.00 1,960.00 2,320.00 Excl Dried : 282.00 284.00 276.00 289.00 286.00 271.00 Avocados, Ton :1,140.00 1,800.00 1,320.00 1,060.00 405.00 1,780.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 788.00 713.00 894.00 968.00 915.00 1,190.00 Tart, Lb : 0.187 0.145 0.181 0.464 0.176 0.121 Cranberries, Bbl : 45.70 44.00 46.10 49.00 51.60 50.20 Dates (CA) Ton : 896.00 1,040.00 820.00 970.00 1,060.00 790.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 898.00 977.00 903.00 963.00 911.00 937.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 303.00 354.00 335.00 351.00 334.00 377.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 760.00 400.00 415.00 820.00 290.00 370.00 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : 396.00 400.00 479.00 Processing 11/ 20/ : 56.80 45.00 27.20 Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 13.00 12.00 10.90 10.30 10.50 10.50 Excl Crushed : 535.00 489.00 440.00 574.00 568.00 488.00 Canning 13/ : 603.00 563.00 553.00 631.00 676.00 558.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1987-96: 1988-97 Commodity and Unit : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 17.80 6/ 6/ 6/ 18.70 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 2.30 2.43 1.74 6/ 4.00 Lemons : 7.52 5.99 9.37 6/ 8.40 Limes (FL) : 8.65 8.05 5.01 5.03 9.08 8.31 Oranges : 4.23 5.01 4.57 6/ 5.48 Tangerines : 12.21 11.18 9.28 6/ 12.75 Temples : 3.47 4.42 3.06 6/ 4.63 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 114.00 159.00 176.00 6/ 131.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 546.00 900.00 1,170.00 554.00 1,000.00 960.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) :1,890.00 2,090.00 2,240.00 1,810.00 2,100.00 2,040.00 Excl Dried : 305.00 282.00 285.00 276.00 285.00 284.00 Avocados, Ton :1,370.00 1,290.00 1,090.00 6/ 1,230.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton :1,040.00 1,260.00 1,470.00 1,250.00 999.00 1,049.00 Tart, Lb : 0.163 0.059 0.157 6/ 0.173 Cranberries, Bbl : 49.30 53.40 62.50 6/ 49.60 Dates (CA) Ton : 750.00 780.00 710.00 860.00 869.00 868.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 923.00 980.00 1,070.00 763.00 938.00 933.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 376.00 399.00 482.00 464.00 359.00 378.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 491.00 473.00 477.00 6/ 520.60 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : Processing 11/ 20/ : Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.50 11.10 Excl Crushed : 489.00 681.00 644.00 682.00 554.00 559.00 Canning 13/ : 551.00 779.00 745.00 783.00 636.00 644.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : 0.210 0.220 0.250 0.333 0.250 0.232 : Peaches : Fresh, Lb 14/ : 0.264 0.286 0.334 0.269 0.279 0.276 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA), Ton : 960.00 924.00 975.00 1,080.00 893.00 713.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone CA, Ton : 207.00 214.00 214.00 218.00 215.00 218.00 Freestone, Ton : 170.00 173.00 183.00 190.00 188.00 187.00 : Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 358.00 336.00 360.00 385.00 378.00 280.00 Processing, Ton 11/ : Dried (CA) : 956.00 861.00 756.00 900.00 1,130.00 970.00 Excluding Dried : 191.00 220.00 205.00 219.00 221.00 206.00 : Plums (CA), Ton : Fresh 20/ : Processing 20/ : : Prunes,Dried, CA, Ton 11/: 782.00 779.00 873.00 940.00 1,030.00 1,120.00 : Prunes&Plums, Ex CA, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 343.00 387.00 353.00 420.00 346.00 296.00 Processing 11/ : 105.00 105.00 102.00 219.00 132.00 153.00 : Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 15/ 16/ : 0.541 0.539 0.553 0.540 0.615 0.541 Processing : 0.252 0.261 0.287 0.274 0.247 0.284 : Sugar Crops, Ton 17/ : Sugarbeets : 41.20 42.10 43.00 38.50 41.40 39.00 Sugarcane : 29.40 29.20 30.80 29.00 28.10 28.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1987-96: 1988-97 Commodity and Unit : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : 0.243 0.435 0.448 0.530 0.281 0.315 : Peaches : Fresh, Lb 14/ : 0.188 0.260 0.332 0.247 0.272 0.274 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA), Ton : 856.00 894.00 726.00 612.00 893.00 863.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone CA, Ton : 180.00 213.00 219.00 260.00 209.00 216.00 Freestone, Ton : 187.00 187.00 181.00 194.00 182.00 184.00 : Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 258.00 343.00 496.00 343.00 342.00 354.00 Processing, Ton 11/ : Dried (CA) : 942.00 919.00 1,290.00 1,020.00 948.00 974.00 Excluding Dried : 184.00 177.00 223.00 217.00 202.00 206.00 : Plums (CA), Ton : Fresh 20/ : 364.00 365.00 Processing 20/ : 23.80 1.50 : Prunes,Dried, CA, Ton 11/:1,090.00 1,040.00 900.00 6/ 929.00 : Prunes&Plums, Ex CA, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 370.00 441.00 577.00 464.00 378.00 400.00 Processing 11/ : 114.00 145.00 267.00 150.00 143.00 149.00 : Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 15/ 16/ : 0.602 0.605 0.565 0.657 0.569 0.576 Processing : 0.291 0.262 0.204 0.271 0.265 0.263 : Sugar Crops, Ton 17/ : Sugarbeets : 38.80 38.10 43.90 6/ 40.40 Sugarcane : 29.20 29.50 28.20 6/ 29.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1988 : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Tree Nuts 18/ : Almonds, Lb : 1.050 1.020 0.930 1.190 1.300 1.940 Filberts, Ton : 853.00 820.00 784.00 726.00 552.00 633.00 Pecans, All, Ton :1,080.00 1,430.00 2,420.00 2,080.00 2,900.00 1,172.00 Walnuts, Ton : 922.00 1,070.00 1,040.00 1,060.00 1,410.00 1,390.00 : Vegetables,Fresh, Cwt 15/: Asparagus : 70.50 68.20 68.60 78.90 92.00 95.70 Broccoli 19/ : 24.00 21.00 22.30 22.00 23.50 26.60 Carrots 19/ : 10.50 10.30 9.37 11.20 10.80 11.90 Cauliflower 19/ : 25.70 26.10 24.20 26.80 28.10 30.00 Celery 19/ : 11.90 13.20 10.80 10.80 12.30 14.80 Honeydew Melons : 14.40 12.10 18.00 18.40 13.50 18.20 Lettuce : 14.70 12.60 11.50 11.40 12.40 16.00 Onions 19/ : 9.75 11.40 10.50 12.50 13.00 16.80 Sweet Corn : 14.80 16.90 15.00 17.00 14.60 17.80 Tomatoes : 27.10 33.10 27.30 31.70 35.80 31.70 : Vegetables, Proc. Ton 11/: Asparagus :1,010.00 955.00 987.00 955.00 948.00 1,050.00 Green Peas : 234.00 238.00 249.00 261.00 239.00 251.00 Snap Beans : 168.00 174.00 183.00 176.00 173.00 178.00 Sweet Corn : 60.80 66.90 69.60 71.00 64.50 72.40 Tomatoes : 60.70 69.30 67.80 66.40 58.00 60.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-53. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1988-97 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1987-96: 1988-97 Commodity and Unit : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Tree Nuts 18/ : Almonds, Lb : 1.340 2.480 2.080 1.500 1.430 1.480 Filberts, Ton : 834.00 913.00 859.00 894.00 793.00 787.00 Pecans, All, Ton :2,080.00 2,020.00 1,274.00 1,890.00 1,750.00 1,830.00 Walnuts, Ton :1,030.00 1,400.00 1,550.00 6/ 1,190.00 : Vegetables,Fresh, Cwt 15/: Asparagus : 100.00 113.00 92.90 111.00 84.50 89.10 Broccoli 19/ : 27.50 29.30 27.10 29.10 24.50 25.20 Carrots 19/ : 13.00 16.80 13.30 13.10 11.60 12.00 Cauliflower 19/ : 28.80 34.70 33.00 31.20 28.30 28.90 Celery 19/ : 12.50 16.30 10.60 15.10 12.40 12.80 Honeydew Melons : 16.40 20.60 17.00 18.90 16.30 16.80 Lettuce : 13.30 23.50 14.70 17.30 14.50 14.70 Onions 19/ : 10.90 11.10 10.60 11.50 11.90 11.80 Sweet Corn : 17.20 18.20 16.90 17.60 16.10 16.60 Tomatoes : 27.40 25.80 28.00 33.00 29.40 30.10 : Vegetables, Proc. Ton 11/: Asparagus :1,050.00 1,150.00 1,210.00 1,220.00 1,025.00 1,054.00 Green Peas : 254.00 267.00 284.00 288.00 250.00 257.00 Snap Beans : 166.00 174.00 179.00 177.00 173.00 175.00 Sweet Corn : 68.60 75.60 78.50 74.60 68.70 70.30 Tomatoes : 62.10 63.20 62.30 60.70 62.90 63.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Averages used to compute "adjusted base prices". 1997 and 1988-97 averages are preliminary. 2/ Includes an allowance for price support operations as authorized by the Secretary Of Agriculture, January 30, 1956. This entry is omitted for commodities not affected by the adjustment. 3/ Simple average of monthly prices. Due to rounding differences, the 10-year average of these data might differ slightly from the 120-month averages shown in the 1987-96 and 1988-96 columns. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only starting in 1985), OR (except peaches), and WA. Prices "as sold" for other states. 5/ Unless otherwise noted these prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold. 6/ Not available. 7/ Price for year harvested, from Tobacco Division, AMS. 8/ For 1984 through 1986 the national averages are the support prices. 9/ Average local market price; does not include incentive payment per pound, the 1987-96 and 1988-97 averages for parity purposes include this allowance. 10/ Consistent with legislation quoted in this report, citrus prices shown for 1996 relate to the citrus crop designated as 1996-97 in the production reports. 11/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 12/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 13/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 14/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 15/ Average F.O.B. Shipping point prices. 16/ Includes strawberries for processing in states where the processing crop is not estimated separately. 17/ Prices include average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 18/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 19/ Includes some processing. 20/ Marketing year average prices not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk By direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, the parity price equivalent for manufacturing grade milk is determined as follows: (1) Based on data for the 10 calendar years immediately preceding, compute the ratio of (a) the average price received by farmers, f.o.b. plant, for all manufacturing grade milk to (b) the average price received by farmers, f.o.b plant, for all milk sold to plants and dealers. (2) The parity price for all milk sold to plantsis multiplied by the resulting ratio of (a) to (b) to determine the parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk. The parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk is not in itself a parity price but rather is an administrative determination based on the above price relationship. The ratio is computed in January of each year and is used throughout the calendar year. The ratio to be used during 1998 is 90.9, up from 1997. The parity price for all milk sold to plants is $29.30 per cwt. This price multiplied by 90.9 percent, results in $26.63 per cwt as the parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk of average milkfat content. In 1997, the simple average of monthly fat tests for manufacturing grade milk was 3.79 percent. The fat test ranged from a low of 3.57 in July to a high of 3.96 percent in November. Manufacturing Grade Milk: Average Price Per Cwt Received 1/, by Months, United States, January 1988-December 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : : : : : : : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : 1988 : 11.30 11.00 10.80 10.60 10.40 10.30 10.40 10.90 11.60 12.30 12.50 12.60 1989 : 12.20 11.60 11.30 11.20 11.20 11.30 11.60 12.20 13.20 14.10 14.90 15.10 1990 : 14.10 12.50 12.10 12.40 12.70 13.00 13.10 12.90 12.40 11.10 10.60 10.50 1991 : 10.60 10.20 10.20 10.10 10.20 10.40 10.80 11.30 12.00 12.60 12.70 12.30 1992 : 11.80 11.30 11.10 11.50 12.00 12.20 12.30 12.30 12.20 12.20 12.00 11.50 1993 : 11.10 10.90 11.20 12.00 12.30 11.90 11.20 11.00 11.90 12.40 12.70 12.50 1994 : 12.30 12.20 12.40 12.50 11.40 11.00 11.10 11.40 11.90 12.20 12.00 11.50 1995 : 11.40 11.70 11.70 11.20 11.00 11.10 11.00 11.30 12.10 12.80 13.10 12.90 1996 : 12.80 12.60 12.60 12.90 13.40 13.60 14.00 14.60 15.30 14.60 12.40 11.80 1997 : 12.10 12.40 12.40 11.70 10.90 10.70 10.80 11.90 12.70 13.20 13.60 13.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Before hauling costs are deducted and including premiums paid to farmers. 2/ Preliminary Average price January 1988 - December 1997 a. Manufacturing grade milk 12.00 b. All milk sold at wholesale to plants and dealers 13.20 c. Ratio a/b 90.9 Parity price equivalent for manufacturing grade milk - United States a. January 1997 26.51 b. December 1997 26.79 c. January 1998 26.63 Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All Farm Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 664 663 665 650 642 635 617 619 616 603 606 628 634 1995 : 621 619 628 630 636 637 646 652 664 664 674 688 647 1996 : 686 676 693 687 709 749 754 745 737 714 698 690 712 1997 : 684 668 685 677 686 685 679 683 678 680 680 665 679 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 105 104 105 102 101 100 97 97 97 95 95 99 100 1995 : 98 98 99 99 100 100 102 103 105 105 106 108 102 1996 : 108 106 109 108 112 118 119 117 116 112 110 109 112 1997 : 108 105 108 107 108 108 107 108 107 107 107 105 107 : : All Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 545 545 540 521 528 533 506 500 506 489 496 525 520 1995 : 506 504 529 555 573 559 564 565 567 563 576 588 554 1996 : 597 605 636 635 646 690 673 656 621 589 574 558 623 1997 : 571 558 583 570 578 588 564 574 561 564 565 548 569 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 110 110 110 106 107 108 103 101 103 99 101 107 105 1995 : 103 102 107 113 116 113 114 115 115 114 117 119 112 1996 : 121 123 129 129 131 140 136 133 126 119 116 113 126 1997 : 116 113 118 116 117 119 114 116 114 114 115 111 115 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Food Grains : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 387 402 411 396 382 348 327 345 374 385 382 387 377 1995 : 382 368 360 358 379 407 434 448 472 489 498 511 426 1996 : 501 505 512 534 584 555 504 487 467 445 437 437 497 1997 : 434 426 431 446 442 382 352 388 400 393 387 379 405 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 122 126 129 125 120 109 103 109 118 121 120 122 119 1995 : 120 116 113 113 119 128 137 141 148 154 157 161 134 1996 : 158 159 161 168 184 175 159 153 147 140 137 137 157 1997 : 137 134 136 140 139 120 111 122 126 124 122 119 128 : : Feed Grains and Hay : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 417 427 421 416 413 406 368 354 352 331 322 344 381 1995 : 347 355 364 373 387 393 408 410 414 435 446 468 400 1996 : 474 502 520 577 611 593 607 593 525 444 415 411 523 1997 : 421 423 440 449 435 426 401 409 406 403 399 401 418 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 117 119 118 116 115 113 103 99 98 92 90 96 106 1995 : 97 99 102 104 108 110 114 115 116 122 125 131 112 1996 : 133 140 146 161 171 166 170 166 147 124 116 115 146 1997 : 118 118 123 125 122 119 112 115 114 113 112 112 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 530 555 563 571 583 535 496 565 551 560 579 620 559 1995 : 665 678 698 656 644 670 677 610 632 627 634 640 653 1996 : 646 640 649 667 648 650 622 608 605 604 589 586 626 1997 : 574 576 586 571 577 567 571 567 587 588 571 539 573 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 103 108 110 111 114 104 97 110 108 109 113 121 109 1995 : 130 132 136 128 126 131 132 119 123 122 124 125 127 1996 : 126 125 127 130 127 127 121 119 118 118 115 114 122 1997 : 112 112 114 112 113 111 111 111 115 115 112 105 112 : : Tobacco 2/ : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 1596 1752 1478 1478 1309 1391 1539 1570 1609 1596 1532 1995 : 1630 1709 1491 1326 1526 1535 1591 1574 1600 1604 1559 1996 : 1652 1791 1517 1396 1391 1517 1643 1661 1674 1674 1592 1997 : 1678 1661 1678 1378 1391 1526 1552 1604 1670 1571 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 105 116 98 98 86 92 102 104 106 105 101 1995 : 108 113 99 88 101 101 105 104 106 106 103 1996 : 109 118 100 92 92 100 109 110 111 111 105 1997 : 111 110 111 91 92 101 103 106 110 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. 2/ Missing data indicates insufficient sales volume to establish a price. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Oil-Bearing Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 658 658 661 645 663 660 580 547 541 519 531 534 600 1995 : 534 527 539 543 543 556 577 569 568 586 619 653 568 1996 : 659 682 683 725 750 726 744 755 686 649 656 680 700 1997 : 695 719 775 801 817 792 731 700 606 609 652 653 713 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 120 120 121 118 121 121 106 100 99 95 97 98 110 1995 : 98 96 98 99 99 102 105 104 104 107 113 119 104 1996 : 120 125 125 132 137 133 136 138 125 119 120 124 128 1997 : 127 131 142 146 149 145 134 128 111 111 119 119 130 : : Fruit and Nuts : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 552 557 596 610 640 669 701 723 715 664 598 537 630 1995 : 520 518 543 575 705 732 768 870 855 848 759 681 698 1996 : 669 671 729 705 801 931 906 913 1005 978 874 734 826 1997 : 671 641 666 629 754 885 878 861 905 840 746 625 758 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 79 80 85 87 92 96 100 104 102 95 86 77 90 1995 : 75 74 78 82 101 105 110 125 122 122 109 97 100 1996 : 96 96 104 101 115 133 130 131 144 140 125 105 118 1997 : 96 92 95 90 108 127 126 123 130 120 107 89 109 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Commercial Vegetables : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 763 743 618 585 648 693 652 629 697 781 824 1090 727 1995 : 754 766 981 1150 1036 813 654 677 785 653 657 676 800 1996 : 624 729 956 799 681 766 651 767 671 717 733 628 727 1997 : 743 701 794 756 731 776 750 826 786 976 932 888 805 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 114 111 92 87 97 104 98 94 104 117 123 163 109 1995 : 113 115 147 172 155 122 98 101 118 98 98 101 120 1996 : 93 109 143 120 102 115 97 115 100 107 110 94 109 1997 : 111 105 119 113 109 116 112 124 118 146 139 133 120 : : Potatoes and Dry Beans : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 565 580 670 599 591 595 661 567 469 448 460 462 556 1995 : 466 450 484 505 529 612 729 586 497 539 548 547 541 1996 : 564 589 633 668 696 707 700 521 482 461 452 434 576 1997 : 427 435 472 429 472 473 557 549 445 435 471 484 471 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 112 115 132 118 117 118 131 112 93 89 91 91 110 1995 : 92 89 96 100 105 121 144 116 98 106 108 108 107 1996 : 111 116 125 132 138 140 138 103 95 91 89 86 114 1997 : 84 86 93 85 93 93 110 108 88 86 93 96 93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Other Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 1995 : 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 1996 : 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 1997 : 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 1995 : 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 1996 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 1997 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 : : Food Commodities : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 102 102 103 100 99 98 96 97 96 94 94 96 98 1995 : 95 95 97 97 99 98 99 101 102 101 101 103 99 1996 : 102 101 104 102 105 113 113 113 113 111 108 107 108 1997 : 105 103 106 104 106 106 106 107 106 106 106 103 105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Livestock and Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 754 765 775 768 742 718 709 721 700 687 690 692 727 1995 : 711 720 711 687 675 688 694 708 717 706 722 737 706 1996 : 718 717 719 713 741 765 786 794 809 790 786 792 761 1997 : 756 756 762 764 769 750 764 762 758 741 753 745 757 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 98 100 101 100 97 94 92 94 91 89 90 90 95 1995 : 93 94 93 89 88 90 90 92 93 92 94 96 92 1996 : 94 93 94 93 97 100 102 104 105 103 102 103 99 1997 : 98 98 99 100 100 98 100 99 99 97 98 97 99 : : Meat Animals : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 967 990 997 986 933 884 883 913 854 836 839 841 910 1995 : 907 931 902 856 835 859 861 865 866 840 834 854 868 1996 : 832 839 841 820 853 869 907 923 936 920 918 920 882 1997 : 913 918 937 956 982 952 963 952 935 910 899 881 933 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 95 97 98 97 92 87 87 90 84 82 83 83 90 1995 : 89 92 89 84 82 85 85 85 85 83 82 84 85 1996 : 82 82 83 81 84 85 89 91 92 91 90 90 87 1997 : 90 90 92 94 97 94 95 94 92 89 88 87 92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Farmers, by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1994-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dairy Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 836 823 830 823 787 774 750 762 787 799 805 787 797 1995 : 774 768 774 756 756 744 737 762 787 823 860 854 783 1996 : 866 854 848 854 879 910 946 977 1014 1008 934 879 914 1997 : 823 830 830 823 799 762 750 780 811 860 897 897 822 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 104 103 103 103 98 96 93 95 98 100 100 98 99 1995 : 96 96 96 94 94 93 92 95 98 103 107 106 98 1996 : 108 106 106 106 109 113 118 122 126 126 116 109 114 1997 : 103 103 103 103 100 95 93 97 101 107 112 112 102 : : Poultry and Eggs : : 1910-14=100 : 1994 : 289 294 302 300 310 308 304 300 301 294 290 287 298 1995 : 283 280 282 281 274 284 296 315 324 319 336 329 300 1996 : 329 318 315 315 326 344 343 345 346 341 355 365 337 1997 : 342 331 324 315 312 313 333 331 327 303 317 300 321 : : 1990-92=100 : 1994 : 103 104 107 107 110 110 108 107 107 104 103 102 106 1995 : 101 100 100 100 97 101 105 112 115 113 119 117 107 1996 : 117 113 112 112 116 122 122 123 123 121 126 130 120 1997 : 122 118 115 112 111 111 119 118 116 108 113 107 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices". Reliability: U.S. price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Prices Paid by Farmers The January Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 116 (1990-92=100), unchanged from December 1997 and January 1997. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for January 1997, at 115, was unchanged from both a month and a year earlier. Since December 1997, higher prices for feed supplements, feed grains, other hay, and insecticides were offset by lower prices for fuels, replacement livestock, nitrogen fertilizer, complete feeds, and feed concentrates. Feed: At 117, the feed index was 0.9 percent above December but 3.3 percent less than last January. Since December, higher prices for feed supplements, corn, other hay, and grain sorghum more than offset lower complete feed, feed concentrate, alfalfa hay, and barley prices. Livestock and Poultry: The index for livestock and poultry purchases was 92, down 2.1 percent from last month but 8.2 percent above last year. Prices were lower in January for feeder cattle and calves, feeder pigs and milk cow replacements. Feeder cattle and calf prices, at $79.60 per cwt, were down $1.20 per cwt from last month. January feeder pig prices dropped to $62.50 per cwt, down $8.00 from last month. This marks the sixth consecutive month of declining feeder pig prices. Fertilizer: The fertilizer index, at 113, was down 1.7 percent from December and fell 8.9 percent from January a year ago. Since December, lower nitrogen fertilizer prices contributed most to the decline. Prices for mixed fertilizers were also fractionally lower. Agricultural Chemicals: At 123, the chemical index was unchanged from last month but 1.7 percent higher than last year. Since last month, higher insecticide prices were offset by slightly lower herbicide and fungicide prices. Fuels: The fuels index, at 87, was down 7.4 percent from a month earlier and 24 percent below January 1997. Compared to last month, prices were lower for diesel fuel, gasoline, and LP gas, with lower diesel fuel prices contributing most to the decline. Farm Machinery: The farm machinery index, at 129, was unchanged from December but increased 2.4 percent from last January. Since December, higher prices for self propelled machinery were offset by lower tractor prices. Consumer Price Index: The December 1997 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) declined 0.1 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 161.3 (1982-84=100). This compares to the November index of 161.5. For the 12-month period ending in December, the overall index increased 1.7 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, January 1998 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) : 1519 *1520 1525 116 116 116 Production : 1116 *1111 1114 115 115 115 Feed : 591 *568 573 121 *116 117 Livestock and Poultry : 1089 *1205 1181 85 94 92 Seeds : 1161 1186 1186 117 120 120 Fertilizer : 453 *421 413 124 *115 113 Agricultural Chemicals : 748 *761 762 121 *123 123 Fuels : 886 *728 672 115 *94 87 Supplies & Repairs : 823 *837 837 116 118 118 Autos & Trucks : 2914 *2900 2903 110 109 109 Farm Machinery : 3169 *3234 3234 126 129 129 Building Material : 1585 *1602 1602 117 118 118 Farm Services & Rent : 1404 *1406 1428 Farm Services : 117 *117 117 Rent : 119 119 124 Interest 1/ : 2659 2659 2701 106 106 108 Taxes 2/ : 3093 3093 3185 115 115 119 Wage Rates : 4644 4722 4722 124 126 126 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) : 1548 *1539 1546 115 *115 116 Family Living-CPI 3/ : 1512 *1533 1533 118 120 120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : 93 *91 89 Parity Ratio 4/ : 45 *44 43 Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : 47 *46 45 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 6/ : 1042 *1054 1054 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : 118 118 118 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 114 114 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : 108 109 109 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 119 *117 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.037 for 1998 and the revised factor is 1.040 for 1997. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Selected Production Input Sub-Components United States, January 1998 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :----------------------------- Index : 5-Year Moving Average : 1997 : 1998 :----------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : Jan : Dec : Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent --- ----- (1990-92=100) ---- : Production Items : 66.8 67.0 115 115 115 : Feed : 11.4 11.6 121 *116 117 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.1 114 *107 109 Complete Feeds : 5.0 5.1 122 117 117 Hay/Forages : 1.3 1.3 128 125 127 Concentrates : 1.8 1.8 121 *117 116 Supplements : 1.2 1.3 122 *119 125 Livestock & Poultry : 7.9 7.5 85 94 92 Feeder Cattle : 6.2 5.9 80 95 94 Feeder Pigs : .6 .6 112 77 68 Milk Cow Replacements : .6 .6 96 *97 95 Poultry : .5 .4 104 100 100 Seeds : 2.7 2.8 117 120 120 Field Crops : 2.5 2.5 117 119 119 Grasses/Legumes : .2 .3 120 130 130 Fertilizer : 4.7 4.8 124 *115 113 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.1 118 118 118 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.0 135 *114 109 Potash & Phosphate : .6 .7 108 109 109 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.6 3.7 121 *123 123 Herbicides : 2.3 2.4 120 *121 121 Insecticides : .8 .8 129 *130 131 Fungicides/Other : .5 .5 117 *125 124 Fuels : 2.8 2.7 115 *94 87 Diesel : 1.5 1.4 108 *89 80 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 114 *98 93 LP Gas : .3 .3 148 *106 102 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.7 5.4 116 118 118 Supplies : 1.9 1.8 113 114 114 Repairs : 3.8 3.6 117 120 120 Autos & Trucks : 1.3 1.4 110 109 109 Autos : .2 .2 106 *105 105 Trucks : 1.1 1.2 110 110 110 Farm Machinery : 4.2 4.1 126 129 129 Tractors : .9 .9 124 128 128 Self-Propelled : 1.7 1.6 127 128 128 Other Machinery : 1.6 1.6 127 130 130 Building Materials : 2.6 2.7 117 118 118 Farm Services : 11.9 12.2 117 *117 117 Custom Rates : 1.2 1.3 111 115 115 Other Services : 10.7 10.9 118 118 117 Rent : 8.0 8.1 119 119 124 Cash : 3.6 3.6 129 129 140 Share : 4.4 4.5 111 111 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Feed Price Ratios: United States, January 1998 With Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :--------------------------- : Jan : Dec : Jan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight : 5.2 *4.4 4.6 : Market Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs : 10.0 *11.0 10.1 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 20.0 *16.5 14.2 : Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk : *2.42 *2.72 2.72 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : 24.2 *26.5 25.4 : Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 5.4 *5.8 5.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. * Revised. Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios United States, January 1998 With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1997 : 1998 Commodity : Unit :---------------------------------------- : : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Broilers, Live : Lb : .404 .321 .331 : : Eggs, Market : Doz : .658 .680 .625 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 53.80 *41.60 36.40 : : Milk, All : Cwt : 13.40 *14.60 14.60 : : Steers and Heifers : Cwt : 65.20 *66.80 65.30 : : Turkeys, Live : Lb : .386 .386 .355 : : Corn : Bu : 2.69 *2.52 2.57 : : Hay, Alfalfa, Baled : Ton : *104.00 106.00 105.00 : : Soybeans : Bu : 7.13 *6.71 6.56 : : Wheat, All : Bu : *4.02 *3.45 3.33 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Revised. Feeder Livestock and Poultry: Prices Paid, With Comparisons United States January 1998 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1997 : 1998 ITEM : Unit :---------------------------------------- : : Jan : Dec : Jan ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Dollars Feeders and Stockers : : : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 67.70 80.80 79.60 : : Pigs : " : 103.00 70.50 62.50 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feeder Pigs: Prices Paid, Major States, November 1997 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : State : Dollars Per Cwt : : State : Dollars Per Cwt : : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : GA : 76.00 : : MO : 73.00 : : : : IL : 90.00 : : NE : 92.50 : : : : IN : 91.00 : : NC : 78.50 : : : : IA : 95.50 : : OH : 88.50 : : : : KS : 73.50 : : PA : 86.00 : : : : KY : 68.00 : : SD : 92.50 : : : : MI : 89.50 : : WI : 86.00 : : : : MN : 97.00 : : : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on survey data reported by producers for entire month, except Kentucky where administrative data were used. Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle by Selected States and Regions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Survey Average Rates 1/ :----------------------------------------------------- State : Animal Unit 2/ : Cow-Calf : Per Head :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars Per Month : AZ : 6.50 6.50 8.00 8.50 7.00 7.90 : CA : 10.10 10.60 12.20 13.00 11.90 12.00 : CO : 11.40 11.30 13.20 13.60 10.70 10.60 : ID : 10.20 10.40 12.20 12.50 10.40 11.20 : KS : 12.00 10.50 14.00 12.80 11.00 9.80 : MT : 11.80 12.30 13.20 13.90 11.70 13.20 : NE : 18.00 18.80 21.40 22.20 18.00 18.50 : NV : 8.80 9.00 11.50 12.00 9.30 9.50 : NM : 8.87 8.79 11.30 10.30 9.37 9.00 : ND : 10.60 9.30 12.50 11.00 10.30 10.00 : OK : 7.00 8.00 8.50 8.70 8.00 7.50 : OR : 10.00 10.20 10.80 11.50 9.45 9.85 : SD : 13.20 14.00 15.00 16.40 14.80 14.40 : TX : 8.00 9.00 9.20 10.00 8.50 8.00 : UT : 9.75 9.00 11.00 11.10 11.00 11.00 : WA : 8.70 9.00 9.00 9.60 10.30 9.30 : WY : 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 11.10 12.20 : 17-State 3/ : 10.50 11.00 12.20 12.70 10.80 10.80 : 16-State 4/ : 11.40 11.70 13.40 13.70 11.80 11.80 : 11-State 5/ : 10.40 10.70 12.10 12.60 10.70 11.30 : 9-State 6/ : 10.50 11.00 12.30 12.80 10.80 10.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The average rates are estimates (rates over $10.00 are rounded to the nearest dime) based on survey indications of monthly lease rates for private, non- irrigated grazing land from the January Agricultural Survey. 2/ Includes animal unit plus cow-calf rates. Cow-calf rate converted to animal unit (AUM) using (1 aum=cow-calf *0.833). 3/ Seventeen State: All States. 4/ Sixteen State: All States except Texas. 5/ Eleven State: AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY. 6/ Nine State: CO, KS, NE, NM, ND, OK, SD, TX, WY. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : (PPITW) : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1393 1410 1395 1391 1398 1995 :1426 1428 1431 1430 1427 1430 1433 1438 1441 1448 1452 1465 1437 1996 :1482 1487 1494 1495 1509 1508 1511 1515 1517 1510 1507 1509 1504 1997 :1519 1523 1529 1536 1539 1532 1525 1522 1527 1525 1524 1520 1527 1998 :1525 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 107 106 106 106 1995 : 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 110 110 110 111 112 110 1996 : 113 113 114 114 115 115 115 115 116 115 115 115 115 1997 : 116 116 117 117 117 117 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 1998 : 116 : : Items Used for Production, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : (PITW) : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1408 1437 1406 1400 1413 1995 :1445 1445 1447 1452 1449 1452 1456 1461 1463 1471 1476 1493 1459 1996 :1512 1517 1525 1525 1542 1541 1543 1547 1549 1540 1536 1538 1535 1997 :1548 1553 1560 1562 1566 1557 1548 1543 1548 1545 1544 1539 1551 1998 :1546 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 105 107 105 104 105 1995 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 109 109 110 111 109 1996 : 113 113 114 113 115 115 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 1997 : 115 116 117 117 117 116 116 115 116 115 115 115 116 1998 : 116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Items Used for Production : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1028 1045 1030 1020 1030 1995 :1049 1046 1048 1052 1049 1052 1050 1055 1057 1066 1071 1086 1057 1996 :1092 1097 1104 1104 1120 1119 1124 1128 1130 1114 1110 1112 1113 1997 :1116 1120 1126 1135 1139 1131 1126 1122 1126 1116 1115 1111 1124 1998 :1114 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 108 106 105 106 1995 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 109 110 110 112 109 1996 : 112 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 116 115 114 115 115 1997 : 115 115 116 117 117 117 116 116 116 115 115 115 116 1998 : 115 : : Feed : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 525 534 505 480 511 1995 : 484 477 486 488 484 487 497 507 514 541 559 591 510 1996 : 606 613 623 637 673 669 681 679 661 606 585 589 635 1997 : 591 596 619 624 630 607 583 578 591 565 568 568 594 1998 : 573 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 109 104 98 105 1995 : 99 98 100 100 99 100 102 104 105 111 115 121 104 1996 : 124 125 128 130 138 137 139 139 135 124 120 121 130 1997 : 121 122 127 128 129 124 119 118 121 116 116 116 122 1998 : 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Livestock and Poultry : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1277 1274 1168 1111 1208 1995 :1172 1127 1075 1053 1029 1058 1032 1033 1019 1020 988 1010 1051 1996 : 940 930 917 878 891 931 956 992 1021 1011 1046 1049 964 1997 :1089 1131 1137 1192 1218 1215 1273 1233 1225 1204 1190 1205 1193 1998 :1181 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 100 100 91 87 94 1995 : 92 88 84 82 81 83 81 81 80 80 77 79 82 1996 : 74 73 72 69 70 73 75 78 80 79 82 82 75 1997 : 85 89 89 93 95 95 100 97 96 94 93 94 93 1998 : 92 : : Seeds : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1011 1092 1092 1092 1072 1995 :1092 1092 1092 1088 1088 1088 1088 1088 1088 1088 1088 1088 1089 1996 :1088 1088 1088 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1143 1997 :1161 1161 1161 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1180 1998 :1186 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 102 110 110 110 108 1995 : 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 1996 : 110 110 110 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 115 1997 : 117 117 117 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fertilizer : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 352 386 393 404 384 1995 : 416 428 438 462 461 457 442 435 431 432 440 448 441 1996 : 457 466 471 469 463 453 441 437 439 448 450 453 454 1997 : 453 455 455 454 452 446 442 436 435 435 430 421 443 1998 : 413 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 96 105 107 110 105 1995 : 114 117 119 126 126 125 121 119 118 118 120 122 120 1996 : 125 127 128 128 126 124 121 119 120 122 123 124 124 1997 : 124 124 124 124 124 122 121 119 119 119 117 115 121 1998 : 113 : : Agricultural Chemicals : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 687 692 691 700 693 1995 : 696 702 701 708 708 711 711 713 717 717 719 722 710 1996 : 726 725 731 732 728 730 727 735 745 747 749 749 735 1997 : 748 728 734 737 745 744 740 748 749 754 761 761 746 1998 : 762 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 111 112 112 114 112 1995 : 113 114 114 115 115 115 115 116 116 116 117 117 115 1996 : 118 118 119 119 118 118 118 119 121 121 121 121 119 1997 : 121 118 119 119 121 121 120 121 121 122 123 123 121 1998 : 123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fuels : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 747 702 749 745 736 1995 : 751 750 761 706 734 722 689 694 715 711 709 730 723 1996 : 773 756 805 810 819 750 755 764 829 877 881 897 810 1997 : 886 869 802 807 782 760 729 773 782 789 789 728 791 1998 : 672 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 97 91 97 97 95 1995 : 97 97 99 91 95 94 89 90 93 92 92 95 94 1996 : 100 98 104 105 106 97 98 99 107 114 114 116 105 1997 : 115 113 104 105 101 98 95 100 101 102 102 94 103 1998 : 87 : : Farm Supplies and Repairs : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 761 777 782 781 775 1995 : 786 789 791 794 797 797 800 799 800 805 805 806 797 1996 : 810 810 812 817 815 815 815 818 818 820 821 821 816 1997 : 823 827 829 829 832 833 837 835 836 837 838 837 833 1998 : 837 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 107 110 110 110 109 1995 : 111 111 112 112 112 112 113 113 113 113 113 114 112 1996 : 114 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 115 1997 : 116 116 117 117 117 117 118 118 118 118 118 118 117 1998 : 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Autos and Trucks : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :2814 2839 2858 2883 2848 1995 :2890 2896 2899 2796 2802 2803 2797 2793 2806 2827 2834 2848 2833 1996 :2860 2864 2858 2863 2862 2863 2859 2853 2860 2877 2905 2906 2869 1997 :2914 2925 2924 2918 2904 2894 2889 2878 2877 2893 2898 2900 2901 1998 :2903 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 107 107 108 107 1995 : 109 109 109 105 105 105 105 105 106 106 107 107 107 1996 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 107 108 108 109 109 108 1997 : 110 110 110 110 109 109 109 108 108 109 109 109 109 1998 : 109 : : Farm Machinery : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :2744 2851 2854 2894 2836 1995 :2958 2959 2961 2986 2997 3007 3016 3026 3042 3077 3116 3124 3022 1996 :3084 3095 3104 3109 3116 3123 3145 3156 3169 3194 3208 3156 3138 1997 :3169 3178 3187 3194 3196 3196 3196 3195 3195 3236 3235 3234 3201 1998 :3234 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 109 114 114 115 113 1995 : 118 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 123 124 125 120 1996 : 123 123 124 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 128 126 125 1997 : 126 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 129 129 129 128 1998 : 129 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Building Materials : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1474 1475 1488 1507 1486 1995 :1534 1540 1548 1553 1553 1551 1558 1561 1563 1559 1555 1552 1552 1996 :1550 1551 1553 1557 1568 1574 1570 1575 1582 1577 1582 1582 1569 1997 :1585 1592 1599 1603 1609 1608 1608 1607 1603 1600 1602 1602 1602 1998 :1602 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 109 109 110 111 109 1995 : 113 113 114 114 114 114 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 1996 : 114 114 114 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 115 1997 : 117 117 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 1998 : 118 : : Farm Services and Rent 2/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1313 1318 1318 1319 1317 1995 :1382 1385 1390 1403 1395 1393 1399 1408 1406 1402 1398 1396 1396 1996 :1409 1408 1408 1406 1406 1413 1417 1417 1417 1411 1406 1406 1410 1997 :1404 1403 1404 1402 1404 1414 1415 1414 1416 1410 1410 1406 1408 1998 :1428 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ For the 1990-92=100 period, the Farm Services and Rent Index is separated. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Services : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 112 112 112 112 112 1995 : 116 116 117 119 118 118 119 120 120 119 118 118 118 1996 : 118 117 117 117 117 118 119 119 119 118 117 117 118 1997 : 117 117 117 117 117 118 118 118 119 118 118 117 118 1998 : 117 : : Rent : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 108 108 108 108 1995 : 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 1996 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 1997 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 1998 : 124 : : Interest : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :2357 2357 2357 2357 2357 1995 :2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 2523 1996 :2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 1997 :2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 2659 1998 :2701 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 94 94 94 94 94 1995 : 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 1996 : 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 1997 : 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 1998 : 108 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Taxes : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :2828 2828 2828 2828 2828 1995 :2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 2914 1996 :3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 1997 :3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 1998 :3185 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 106 106 106 106 1995 : 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 1996 : 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 1997 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 1998 : 119 : : Wage Rates : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :4135 4148 4012 4174 4117 1995 :4348 4348 4348 4161 4161 4161 4348 4348 4348 4251 4251 4251 4277 1996 :4451 4451 4451 4366 4366 4366 4231 4231 4231 4502 4502 4502 4388 1997 :4644 4644 4644 4586 4586 4586 4457 4457 4457 4722 4722 4722 4602 1998 :4722 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 111 111 107 112 110 1995 : 116 116 116 111 111 111 116 116 116 114 114 114 114 1996 : 119 119 119 117 117 117 113 113 113 120 120 120 117 1997 : 124 124 124 123 123 123 119 119 119 126 126 126 123 1998 : 126 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Family Living : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 :1388 1399 1408 1418 1403 1995 :1426 1432 1437 1442 1445 1447 1447 1451 1454 1459 1458 1457 1446 1996 :1465 1470 1478 1486 1489 1490 1492 1495 1500 1505 1508 1508 1490 1997 :1512 1517 1521 1523 1522 1524 1526 1529 1532 1536 1535 1533 1526 1998 :1533 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 109 110 111 110 1995 : 112 112 112 113 113 113 113 113 114 114 114 114 113 1996 : 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 118 118 116 1997 : 118 118 119 119 119 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 : : Production Items With Farm Origin 2/ : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 104 106 100 96 101 1995 : 98 96 95 95 93 95 95 96 96 99 100 104 97 1996 : 103 105 105 106 111 112 114 114 113 107 106 106 109 1997 : 108 109 113 115 116 113 112 111 112 109 108 109 111 1998 : 109 : : Production Items With Non-Farm Origin 3/ : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 107 109 110 110 109 1995 : 113 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 115 1996 : 117 117 118 118 118 117 117 117 118 119 119 119 118 1997 : 119 119 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 117 118 1998 : 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ Feed, livestock and poultry purchases, and seed. 3/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, farm supplies and repairs, autos and trucks, farm machinery, building materials, and farm services and rent. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crop Sector (PPITW) : : 1990-92 = 100 : : 1994 : 106 108 108 109 108 1995 : 111 112 112 112 113 112 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 1996 : 115 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 116 1997 : 118 118 118 118 118 118 117 117 118 118 118 118 118 1998 : 118 : : Livestock Sector (PPITW) : : 1990-92 = 100 : : 1994 : 106 107 105 104 105 1995 : 106 106 106 106 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 110 107 1996 : 111 111 112 112 114 114 114 115 115 113 113 113 113 1997 : 114 114 116 116 117 116 115 115 115 114 114 114 115 1998 : 114 : : Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : : Adjusted for Productivity : : 1910-14 = 100 : : 1994 : 940 945 936 946 942 1995 : 979 988 989 984 984 985 998 999 1000 996 997 1000 992 1996 :1026 1028 1030 1031 1016 1016 1009 1010 1011 1027 1027 1028 1022 1997 :1042 1044 1046 1048 1048 1047 1038 1037 1039 1056 1055 1054 1046 1998 :1054 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Parity Ratio 2/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 48 48 48 46 46 45 44 44 44 43 44 45 45 1995 : 44 43 44 44 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 47 45 1996 : 46 45 46 46 47 50 50 49 49 47 46 46 47 1997 : 45 44 45 44 45 45 45 45 44 45 45 44 45 1998 : 43 : : Adjusted Parity Ratio 3/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1994 : 50 50 50 48 48 47 46 46 46 45 45 47 47 1995 : 45 45 46 46 46 46 47 47 48 48 48 49 47 1996 : 48 47 48 48 49 51 52 51 50 49 48 47 49 1997 : 47 46 47 46 46 47 46 47 46 46 46 46 46 1998 : 45 : : Ratio : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 99 98 99 95 94 93 92 92 92 90 90 93 94 1995 : 90 90 91 91 92 92 94 94 95 95 95 96 93 1996 : 96 94 96 95 97 103 103 102 100 97 96 95 98 1997 : 93 91 92 91 92 92 92 93 92 92 92 91 92 1998 : 89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid for commodities and services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. 3/ Ratio of the index of prices received by farmers after adjustment for govenment payments to the index of prices paid for commodities and services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feed Sub-Components : : Feed Grains : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 115 112 96 88 103 1995 : 93 95 98 100 103 109 114 113 116 121 125 134 110 1996 : 135 146 152 167 179 179 185 178 149 122 113 112 151 1997 : 114 113 118 118 114 109 104 107 107 108 107 107 111 1998 : 109 : : Complete Feeds : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 106 105 100 104 1995 : 100 100 100 97 96 98 99 101 103 107 113 118 103 1996 : 123 123 125 125 132 133 135 134 136 129 123 122 128 1997 : 122 123 126 126 128 126 122 121 122 118 118 117 122 1998 : 117 : : Hay and Forages : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 110 121 105 109 111 1995 : 108 107 108 111 115 108 106 106 104 116 103 105 108 1996 : 103 105 105 112 123 117 116 120 119 118 121 124 115 1997 : 128 134 135 142 146 134 123 124 125 129 128 125 131 1998 : 127 : : Concentrates : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 102 109 106 97 103 1995 : 96 92 94 96 90 91 92 97 99 104 114 118 99 1996 : 125 121 121 120 122 118 122 125 134 120 118 122 122 1997 : 121 123 135 135 143 134 135 128 137 110 118 117 128 1998 : 116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Supplements : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 108 106 102 106 1995 : 99 94 100 108 102 98 103 105 105 111 115 131 106 1996 : 130 128 129 125 132 132 135 133 127 121 120 126 128 1997 : 122 121 125 127 123 117 108 109 113 114 113 119 118 1998 : 125 : : Livestock and Poultry Sub-Components : : Feeder Cattle : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 102 98 92 88 95 1995 : 93 88 83 79 76 79 79 78 78 77 74 76 80 1996 : 70 68 66 62 64 69 71 73 75 72 75 76 70 1997 : 80 84 84 88 91 92 98 95 95 94 93 95 91 1998 : 94 : : Feeder Pigs : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 73 103 65 49 73 1995 : 61 61 61 84 84 84 60 67 60 73 73 73 70 1996 : 67 73 80 78 73 67 64 86 90 105 111 112 84 1997 : 112 117 121 136 128 119 119 109 97 87 81 77 108 1998 : 68 : : Milk Cow Replacements : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 103 105 103 103 103 1995 : 102 102 102 101 101 101 100 100 100 97 97 97 100 1996 : 94 94 94 95 95 95 97 97 97 100 100 100 97 1997 : 96 96 96 99 99 99 98 98 98 97 97 97 97 1998 : 95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Poultry : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 102 103 103 103 103 1995 : 103 103 103 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 1996 : 105 105 105 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 1997 : 104 104 104 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 101 1998 : 100 : : Seeds Sub-Components : : Field Crops : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 101 110 110 110 108 1995 : 110 110 110 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 1996 : 109 109 109 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 115 1997 : 117 117 117 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 1998 : 119 : : Grasses and Legumes : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 112 114 114 114 113 1995 : 114 114 114 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 1996 : 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 1997 : 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 128 1998 : 130 : : Fertilizer Sub-Components : : Mixed Fertilizer : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 92 100 102 102 99 1995 : 103 105 106 116 116 117 116 116 116 116 117 117 113 1996 : 119 121 122 122 122 122 121 120 120 119 119 118 120 1997 : 118 118 118 118 119 119 119 118 119 119 119 118 118 1998 : 118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Nitrogen : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 100 112 115 121 112 1995 : 127 131 135 143 143 141 132 127 124 125 129 133 132 1996 : 136 139 141 140 137 131 126 124 125 132 133 135 133 1997 : 135 136 135 135 134 130 127 124 122 122 119 114 128 1998 : 109 : : Potash and Phosphate : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 97 99 102 105 101 1995 : 107 111 114 107 105 102 99 101 101 103 105 107 105 1996 : 107 111 111 111 108 107 103 104 105 105 107 106 107 1997 : 108 108 109 110 109 108 107 108 110 109 109 109 109 1998 : 109 : : Agricultural Chemicals Sub-Components : : Herbicides : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 111 111 112 110 1995 : 111 111 111 113 113 114 114 114 115 115 116 116 114 1996 : 117 117 117 117 116 117 117 118 120 121 121 121 118 1997 : 120 114 116 116 118 118 118 119 119 120 121 121 118 1998 : 121 : : Insecticides : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 120 116 113 117 116 1995 : 117 117 117 121 120 120 120 120 120 120 119 121 119 1996 : 123 123 126 126 125 125 122 124 127 126 126 126 125 1997 : 129 129 129 129 130 130 126 128 128 128 129 130 129 1998 : 131 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fungicides and Other : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 113 113 115 115 114 1995 : 115 119 119 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 1996 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 116 115 1997 : 117 117 117 118 118 118 116 123 123 124 125 125 120 1998 : 124 : : Fuels Sub-Components : : Diesel : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 99 88 91 94 93 1995 : 93 92 95 87 90 87 84 87 92 93 96 97 91 1996 : 102 97 104 105 104 92 94 95 108 116 113 113 104 1997 : 108 108 99 100 97 92 87 93 93 98 100 89 97 1998 : 80 : : Gasoline : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 97 96 107 100 100 1995 : 103 103 105 96 102 101 96 94 94 90 85 90 97 1996 : 97 95 104 105 111 106 104 103 105 107 112 113 105 1997 : 114 112 110 111 110 108 105 111 114 107 103 98 109 1998 : 93 : : LP Gas : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 85 92 97 99 93 1995 : 98 103 101 97 97 101 94 90 91 93 94 96 96 1996 : 104 110 107 106 99 97 98 104 113 121 129 141 111 1997 : 148 136 108 107 97 99 95 97 102 107 110 106 109 1998 : 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Supplies & Repairs Sub-Components : : Supplies : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 107 106 107 106 1995 : 108 109 109 109 110 110 110 110 110 112 112 112 110 1996 : 112 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 1997 : 113 113 114 114 114 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 114 1998 : 114 : : Repairs : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 108 111 112 112 111 1995 : 113 113 113 113 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 1996 : 115 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 116 1997 : 117 118 118 118 119 119 119 119 119 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 : : Autos and Trucks Sub-Components : : Autos : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 103 104 104 105 104 1995 : 105 105 105 103 103 103 103 102 102 103 104 104 104 1996 : 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 106 106 105 1997 : 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 104 104 105 105 105 105 1998 : 105 : : Trucks : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 106 107 108 109 108 1995 : 109 109 110 105 106 106 106 105 106 107 107 108 107 1996 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 110 110 108 1997 : 110 111 111 110 110 109 109 109 109 110 110 110 110 1998 : 110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Machinery Sub-Components : : Tractors : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 111 114 114 115 114 1995 : 116 116 116 117 117 117 117 117 117 118 119 119 117 1996 : 120 120 119 119 120 120 120 121 122 122 123 124 121 1997 : 124 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 126 128 128 128 126 1998 : 128 : : Self Propelled : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 109 115 115 117 114 1995 : 122 122 122 121 122 123 123 124 124 127 129 130 124 1996 : 126 127 127 128 128 128 129 129 129 131 131 127 128 1997 : 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 128 128 128 127 1998 : 128 : : Other Machinery : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 109 112 112 114 112 1995 : 115 116 116 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 122 122 119 1996 : 122 122 123 123 123 124 124 125 126 127 127 126 124 1997 : 127 128 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 130 130 130 129 1998 : 130 : : Farm Services Sub-Components : : Custom Rates : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 105 105 105 105 105 1995 : 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 1996 : 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 1997 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 115 115 115 112 1998 : 115 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Other Services : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 112 113 113 113 113 1995 : 117 118 119 121 119 119 120 121 121 121 120 120 120 1996 : 118 118 118 118 118 119 119 119 119 118 118 118 118 1997 : 118 117 118 117 118 119 119 119 119 118 118 118 118 1998 : 117 : : Rent Sub-Components : : Cash : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 115 115 115 115 115 1995 : 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 1996 : 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 1997 : 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 1998 : 140 : : Share : 1990-92 = 100 : 1994 : 102 102 102 102 102 1995 : 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 1996 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1997 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1998 : 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Survey Estimates, Month Published and Level ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1998 Program Schedule 1/ :----------------------------------------------------- Survey : Survey and : : Publication Month : Level of Estimates ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feed : Apr : Farm Production Regions and : : US : : Feeder Livstock : Jan, Apr, Jul, Oct : US and Selected States 2/ : : : : Seed : Apr : US : : : : Fertilizer : Apr : Fertilizer Regions and US : : : : Agricultural Chemical : Apr : US : : : : Fuels : Apr : Farm Production Regions and : : US : : Farm Machinery : Apr : US : : : : Grazing Fees : Jan 3/ : States and Regions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data collection and publication schedule for average prices paid by producers. 2/ Feeder pig data relate to Feb, May, Aug, and Nov,and are published in Apr, Jul, Oct, and Jan, respectively. Selected States - Ga, Il, IN, IA, KS, KY MI, MN, MO, NE, NC, PA, SD, and WI. 3/ Survey estimates for previous year. Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for, agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely in April when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative............... A-2 Cows, Beef............. A-20 Price Indexes........... A-3 Cows, Milk............. A-23 Prices Received Eggs................... A-22 U.S. Summary.......... A-7-8 Flaxseed............... A-16 Selected Commodities.. A-14 Fruit, Citrus.......... A-18 Upland Cotton and Rice Hay.................... A-17 Prices and Marketings. A-17 All Hogs............... A-21 Parity Prices........... A-24-25 Lambs.................. A-22 Reliability Statement... A-63 Milk................... A-23 Oats................... A-15 Monthly State Prices Peanuts................ A-16 Potatoes............... A-19 Apples.................. A-17 Sheep.................. A-22 Barley.................. A-15 Sorghum, Grain......... A-15 Barrows and Gilts....... A-21 Soybeans............... A-15 Beans, Dry Edible....... A-16 Sows................... A-21 Beef Cattle............. A-20 Sunflower.............. A-16 Broilers................ A-22 Steers and Heifers..... A-20 Calves.................. A-20 Tobacco................ A-16 Corn.................... A-15 Turkeys................ A-22 Cotton.................. A-17 Wheat.................. A-14 Cottonseed.............. A-17 Special Features Apples: Prices Received, Monthly, July 1995-December 1997; Peaches, May 1995-September 1997; Pears, July 1995-December 1997; Grapes, May 1996-November 1997; ................................... A-27 Index of Prices Received, All Groups, Monthly and Annual, 1994-97.... A-55-62 Limes: Marketing Year Average and Monthly Prices Received, Florida, Final, 1995-96 and Preliminary 1996-97 ................... A-28 Rice: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, U.S., 1995 and 1996 ..................................................... A-26 Rice: Monthly Prices Received, United States, Marketing Years 1994-95 through 1996-97 ........................................... A-26 Sweet Potatoes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received 1996 and 1997 ..................................................... A-27 Vegetables, Fresh Market: Revised Monthly Prices Received, 1995-97 .. A-29-36 Parity Prices Authority for Parity Prices, Method of Computation, and Prices ..... A-37-43 Annual Average Prices Received for Parity Computations, U.S., by Years, 1988-97 ................................................ A-44-53 Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk ............... A-54 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative ..................................................... B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios ..................................... B-2-3 Charts ..................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios .................................................. B-7 Reliability Statement ......................................... B-31 U.S. Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry ............................ B-8 Commodity Prices Used in Feed Price Ratios .................. B-7 State Average Prices Feeder Pigs .................................................. B-8 Special Features: Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle by Selected States and Regions .. B-9 Prices Paid Survey Estimates, Month Published and Level ...... B-30 Prices Paid Index Components: 1910-14=100 and 1990-92=100: Monthly and Annual Averages, 1994-98 PPITW, PITW, Production Items ............................. B-10-16 Prices Paid Index Component Items, Interest, Taxes, Wage Rates, Farm and Non Farm Origin, and Ratios ...................... B-17-21 Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Monthly and Annual Averages B-22-29 Report Features Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Estimates Division of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Crops Branch C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Oats (202) 720-9526 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Jerry Ramirez - Barley, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Barbara Rater - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat (202) 720-8068 Fruit and Vegetable Section Vince Matthews, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus (202) 720-5412 Doug Hartwig - Hay (202) 720-8843 Howard Hill - Grapes (202) 720-7235 Dave Mueller - Vegetables (202) 720-2157 Linda Simpson - Dry Beans, Peaches, Pears (202) 690-0270 Debbie Williams - Apples, Tobacco, Strawberries (202) 720-4288 Commodity Prices Coordinator Charles Van Lahr (202) 720-5446 Kirby Cavett - Prices Received Indexes (202) 690-3237 Livestock and Economic Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Livestock Section Dan Kerestes, Head (202) 720-4447 Dean Groskurth - Cattle (202) 720-3040 James Hand - Sheep, Lambs, Milk (202) 690-3236 Mike Pallesen - Hogs (202) 720-3106 Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section Alfonzo Drain, Head (202) 720-6351 Dan Boostrum - Eggs (202) 720-3244 James Brewster - Turkeys (202) 720-8784 Tom Krutchen - Broilers, Honey (202) 690-4870 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Mark Harris, Head (202) 720-4214 Greg Thessen - Prices Paid Indexes, Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds (202) 690-3347 Jim Williams - Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Grazing Fees, Autos & Trucks (202) 690-3225 The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on February 27, 1998. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA, Washington, D.C., 20250, or call 1-800-245-6340 (voice) or 202-720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer. ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. For access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS Home Page at: http://www.usda.gov/nass/. 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Hear noted experts and farm leaders tackle front line issues: managing risk, selling bio-engineered products, ensuring food safety, marketing organic foods, honing export strategies, and more. Act Now To Attend. For program and registration details check the Forum home page, call (202) 720-3050, or dial (202) 694-5700 from your fax machine handset and retrieve document 66666. Call (202) 401-9421 to register. Ag Forum home page: http://www.usda.gov/oce/waob/agforum.htm e-mail: agforum@oce.usda.gov Agricultural Outlook Forum 98