Agricultural Prices National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 29, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" or other assistance, see page B-34. Prices Received Index Drops 1 Point The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in January was 98 based on 1990-92=100, down 1 point (1.0 percent) from December. Price increases from December for hogs, tomatoes, cattle, and oranges more than offset price decreases for turkeys, milk, lettuce, and broilers. The seasonal changes in the mix of commodities farmers sell also affect the overall index level. Lower seasonal marketings of cotton, milk, tobacco, and cottonseed more than offset the relatively higher marketings of corn, soybeans, cattle, and rice. These seasonal marketing changes more than offset an increase in prices and accounted for the one point decline in the overall index. Compared with January 1998, the All Farm Products Index was 5 points (4.9 percent) lower. Price decreases from January 1998 for corn, soybeans, hogs, and cattle more than offset price increases for milk, broilers, oranges, and tomatoes. Prices Paid Index Up 1 Point The January Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 114 percent of the 1990-92 average. The index was up 1 point from December but 3 points (2.6 percent) below January 1998. Since December, higher prices for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, hay and forages, and complete feeds more than offset lower prices for diesel fuel, gasoline, nitrogen fertilizers, and feed concentrates. Index Summary Table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 Index :----------------------------------------------------- 1990-92=100 : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Prices Received : 105 : 103 : 99 : 98 : : : : Prices Paid : 117 : 117 : 113 : 114 : : : : Ratio 1/ : 90 : 88 : 88 : 86 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. Pr 1 (1-99) Prices Received by Farmers The January All Farm Products Index was 98 percent of its 1990-92 base, down 1.0 percent from December and down 4.9 percent from January 1998. All Crops: The January index was 98, down 2.0 percent from December and 11 percent below January 1998. From December, price decreases for cotton and oilseeds offset price increases for vegetables and fruit and nuts. Food Grains: The January index, at 102, was up 1.0 percent from the previous month but was 12 percent below January 1998. The January all wheat price, at $2.86 per bushel, was down 1 cent from December and 46 cents below January 1998. Feed Grains & Hay: The January index was 89, unchanged from last month but 21 percent below January 1998. The corn price, at $2.01 per bushel, was unchanged from December but 55 cents below the January 1998 price. The all hay price, at $78.80 per ton, was up 40 cents from last month but was $15.90 below January 1998. Oil-Bearing Crops: The January index, at 94, was down 7.8 percent from December and 21 percent below January 1998. Soybean prices, at $5.22 per bushel, decreased 15 cents from December and were $1.47 below January 1998. Fruit and Nuts: The January fruit and nuts index, at 101, was up 2.0 percent from the previous month and up 26 percent from January 1998. Prices were up from last month for all fruits in the index, except grapefruit. Commercial Vegetables: The January index, at 120, was up 9.1 percent from last month but was 4.0 percent below January 1998. Prices rose seasonally from December for most vegetables, except lettuce. Livestock and Products: The January index, at 96, was down 1.0 percent from last month but up 2.1 percent from January 1998. Compared with a year ago, prices were down for hogs, cattle, calves, and eggs but up for all milk and broilers. Meat Animals: The January index, at 75, was up 14 percent from last month but 11 percent below a year ago. The January hog price was $25.70 per cwt, up $11.00 from December but $10.30 below a year ago. The January beef cattle price, of $59.00, was up $2.20 from last month but $3.50 below January 1998. The number of cattle and calves on feed for slaughter market January 1, 1999 in the United States was down 3 percent from a year ago. Poultry and Eggs: The January index, at 114, was 5.0 percent below December but 8.6 percent above a year ago. Export demand for poultry and eggs continued to soften. The January broiler price, at 37.9 cents per pound, was down 1.1 cents from December, with a seasonal weakening of demand. Market egg prices decreased 4.7 cents to 58.2 cents per dozen. Supplies of eggs were more than adequate to meet demand. Turkey prices decreased 6.3 cents to 34.8 cents per pound, following a normal seasonal decline. Dairy Products: The January index, at 136, was down 1.4 percent from December but was 20 percent above January 1998. The January all milk price, at $17.70 per cwt, was down 30 cents from December but up $3.00 from last year. December milk production was up 3.0 percent from a year earlier. Prices decreased for both fluid and manufacturing grade milk. Cheese prices decreased during January. Index Numbers of Prices Received, United States, January 1999, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 :Average:---------------------------------------------- :1990-92: Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 653 *626 620 103 *99 98 : All Crops : 500 541 *494 486 110 100 98 Food Grains : 325 369 *322 325 116 *101 102 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 402 *319 318 113 *89 89 Cotton : 517 516 *513 500 101 *100 98 Tobacco : 1263 1670 *1661 1652 110 110 109 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 652 *556 515 119 *102 94 Fruit & Nuts : 716 558 *694 707 80 *99 101 Commercial Vegetables : 698 832 *737 804 125 *110 120 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 501 *472 470 99 93 93 Other Crops : 493 532 532 532 108 108 108 : Livestock & Products : 768 725 *741 740 94 *97 96 Meat Animals : 1021 851 *674 759 84 *66 75 Dairy Products : 799 903 *1106 1088 113 *138 136 Poultry & Eggs : 282 296 336 321 105 120 114 : Food Commodities : 100 *99 98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1998 and 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 103 98 110 98 94 96 117 114 116 111 Feb : 101 109 94 117 115 Mar : 102 111 95 116 114 Apr : 104 115 95 116 114 May : 103 113 95 116 114 Jun : 102 107 98 115 113 Jul : 102 107 96 115 112 Aug : 101 104 98 114 111 Sep : 99 101 97 113 110 Oct : 99 100 98 114 110 Nov : 100 102 97 114 110 Dec : 99 100 97 113 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received, United States, January 1999, with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1998 : 1998 : 1999 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 2.42 2.00 1.99 Feed : Bu : 1.90 2.09 1.54 1.56 Malting : Bu : 2.43 2.66 2.33 2.32 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 21.10 20.50 19.50 Corn : Bu : 2.30 2.56 2.01 2.01 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .611 .607 .591 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 121.00 138.00 139.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 5.82 5.01 5.03 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 94.70 78.40 78.80 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 102.00 81.40 81.40 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 76.40 69.40 71.00 Oats : Bu : 1.22 1.60 1.17 1.14 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 .240 .279 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 5.55 5.20 5.24 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 9.57 9.06 9.12 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 4.02 2.98 3.01 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 6.69 5.37 5.22 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 11.10 10.80 10.50 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.920 1.910 1.900 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 3.32 2.87 2.86 Winter : Bu : 2.93 3.16 2.67 2.71 Durum : Bu : 2.86 5.02 3.14 3.02 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 3.44 3.26 3.20 Hard Red Winter : Bu : 2.71 Soft Red Winter : Bu : 2.87 3.12 2.34 Hard Red Spring : Bu : 3.34 White : Bu : 3.24 3.21 2.58 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.77 1.01 2.70 1.80 Lemons : Box : 10.10 1.77 7.44 8.57 Limes : Box : 10.15 12.50 4.92 19.50 Oranges : Box : 5.79 3.15 4.74 5.15 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 1.26 5.45 5.37 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 10.03 11.30 17.19 Temples : Box : 6.23 3.04 7.83 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .219 .152 .159 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 269.00 354.00 373.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 1.10 1.08 1.61 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received, United States, January 1999, with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : Jan : Dec : Jan : : : 1998 : 1998 : 1999 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 179.00 147.00 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 34.70 24.30 35.60 Cantaloupes : Cwt : Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 12.70 11.00 15.50 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 40.00 38.30 40.30 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 11.20 8.56 10.70 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 23.10 13.70 20.80 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 18.80 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 19.00 11.90 9.59 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 13.20 16.00 16.90 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 74.80 48.40 43.30 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 31.10 45.00 63.40 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 86.60 80.20 81.90 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 62.50 56.80 59.00 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 34.50 30.80 33.10 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 66.10 60.30 62.40 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 1070.00 1250.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 36.00 14.70 25.70 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 36.50 14.80 26.10 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 26.40 12.10 19.00 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 78.40 64.50 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 42.00 30.30 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.06 14.70 18.00 5/17.70 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 14.70 18.00 5/17.80 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 13.50 17.40 5/16.10 : : Broilers, Live 6/ : Lb : .317 .331 .390 .379 Eggs, All 7/ : Doz : .643 .740 .758 .719 Market 7/ : Doz : .546 .625 .629 .582 Turkeys, Live 6/7/ : Lb : .380 .355 .411 .348 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .698 .702 .672 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 14.41 17.82 17.52 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.77, fluid milk 3.77, mfg grade 3.90. 6/ Liveweight equivalent price. 7/ Mid-month price. Wheat: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AR : 2.40 2.55 2.40 2.55 CA : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 4/ 4/ CO : 2.69 2.71 2.69 2.70 2.84 2.96 ID : 2.53 2.56 2.47 2.50 2.61 2.65 IL : 2.31 2.40 2.31 2.40 IN : 2.45 2.31 2.45 2.31 KS : 2.66 2.70 2.66 2.70 MI : 2.41 2.35 2.41 2.35 MN : 3.30 3.30 4/ 4/ 4/ 4/ 3.30 3.30 MO : 2.30 2.35 2.30 2.35 MT : 3.51 3.40 3.18 3.10 4.36 4.00 3.62 3.50 NE : 2.72 2.76 2.72 2.76 ND : 3.16 3.08 3.03 2.50 3.04 2.90 3.20 3.15 OH : 2.30 2.35 2.30 2.35 OK : 2.69 2.73 2.69 2.73 OR : 2.80 2.82 2.79 2.80 2.89 2.97 SD : 2.97 2.96 2.60 2.70 4/ 3.00 3.29 3.19 TX : 2.71 2.73 2.71 2.73 WA : 2.78 2.85 2.75 2.84 2.97 2.96 : US : 2.87 2.86 2.67 2.71 3.14 3.02 3.26 3.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. 4/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1998 and 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 :1999 2/:1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 3.32 2.86 2.56 2.01 6.69 5.22 62.50 59.00 36.00 25.70 Feb : 3.27 2.55 6.57 60.40 35.70 Mar : 3.33 2.55 6.40 61.30 34.80 Apr : 3.18 2.41 6.26 63.00 35.60 May : 3.06 2.34 6.26 63.00 42.20 Jun : 2.77 2.28 6.16 61.80 42.20 Jul : 2.56 2.19 6.14 58.40 36.70 Aug : 2.39 1.89 5.43 57.40 35.10 Sep : 2.41 1.83 5.25 56.10 29.50 Oct : 2.79 1.91 5.18 58.00 27.40 Nov : 2.97 1.93 5.40 58.10 18.70 Dec : 2.87 2.01 5.37 56.80 14.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. Grains: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/:Dec 2/:Jan 3/: Dec 2/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 5.60 5.39 3.68 3.70 CA : 4/ 4/ CO : 2.16 2.15 2.12 1.99 GA : 2.56 2.60 5.29 5.07 ID : 2.40 2.33 IL : 2.13 2.10 1.55 1.60 5.57 5.35 3.49 3.55 IN : 2.23 2.12 5.51 5.24 IA : 1.94 1.91 1.37 1.35 5.27 5.20 KS : 2.06 1.95 5.19 5.00 2.88 2.90 KY : 2.22 2.25 5.52 5.30 LA : 5.51 5.35 MI : 1.89 1.90 1.52 1.50 5.21 5.10 MN : 1.75 1.69 1.74 1.75 1.25 1.15 5.09 5.00 MS : 5.73 5.35 MO : 1.95 2.00 5.29 5.15 3.19 3.00 MT : 2.43 2.40 1.14 5/ NE : 1.92 1.90 1.31 1.25 5.18 5.10 2.96 2.90 NC : 2.34 2.30 5.27 5.15 ND : 1.70 1.63 .92 .90 OH : 2.07 2.10 1.20 1.25 5.51 5.25 OK : 3.19 3.09 OR : 1.95 1.85 1.32 1.40 PA : 2.50 2.40 1.40 1.40 SD : 1.87 1.65 1.62 1.61 1.03 .98 4.99 4.82 TN : 2.28 2.30 5.66 5.40 TX : 2.24 2.20 3.53 3.45 UT : 1.83 1.89 WA : 1.68 1.76 WI : 1.93 1.90 1.13 1.10 5.41 5.25 WY : 2.77 2.58 : US : 2.00 1.99 2.01 2.01 1.17 1.14 5.37 5.22 2.98 3.01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for January 1999 is $1.29. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, December and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec : Jan : Dec : Jan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 2.68 2.60 1.72 1.70 MN : 2.19 2.10 1.28 1.25 MT : 2.82 2.80 1.49 1.45 ND : 1.90 1.80 1.34 1.30 SD : 1/ 1.75 1.35 1.29 WY : 2.78 2.80 1.68 1.68 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/5/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 2/:Dec 1/:Jan 3/: Dec 1/: Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : .218 .222 CA : 37.80 39.40 CO : 16.40 15.40 FL : .234 7/ GA : .174 .141 ID : 17.90 17.40 IN : 1.910 1.920 KS : 7/ 7/ KY : 1.910 1.910 MD : MI : 24.00 23.00 MN : 20.30 20.50 11.40 10.90 MO : 1.915 1.905 NE : 18.00 17.30 NC : 1.905 7/ .264 .171 ND : 16.20 15.70 11.20 11.00 5.01 5.05 OH : 1.910 1.925 OK : SC : SD : 9.70 9.48 7/ 4.90 TN : 1.910 1.880 TX : .244 .300 VA : 1.900 1.860 .277 .254 WV : : US : 20.50 19.50 10.80 10.50 5.01 5.03 1.910 1.900 .240 .279 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ In-shell. 5/ Includes additional loan peanuts at loan value. 6/ Sales volume insufficient to establish a state price, but all sales included in U.S. price. 7/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Tobacco: Prices Received, by Area and Type, January 1999, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Jan : Dec : Jan Class by Type : Type : 1998 : 1998 : 1999 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Fire-cured : : VA Belt : 21 : 2.140 1.955 1.840 Eastern District : 22 : 2.410 2/ 2/ Western District : 23 : 2.340 2/ 2/ Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.380 1.955 1.840 : : Light Air-Cured : : Burley : 31 : 1.880 1.910 1.905 Total Light Air-Cured : 31-32: 1.880 1.910 1.905 : : Dark Air-cured : : One Sucker Belt : 35 : 1.960 1.880 1.765 Green River Belt : 36 : 2.010 2.000 1.930 Sun-cured Belt : 37 : 1.960 1.725 1.670 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.980 1.915 1.820 : : US : 11-37: 1.920 1.910 1.900 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 2/ Sales of Types 22 & 23 began Jan 19, 1999. Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : January : Cotton, Upland :------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : .584 .530 109.00 AZ : .668 .620 148.00 80.00 80.00 70.00 AR : .625 .684 CA : .739 .713 180.00 79.00 79.00 77.00 .183 CO : 102.00 102.00 110.00 GA : .655 .622 107.00 ID : 80.00 81.00 67.00 IL : 86.00 91.00 68.00 IA : 86.00 87.00 61.00 KS : 71.00 72.00 64.00 KY : 82.00 110.00 72.00 LA : .564 .538 MI : 85.00 90.00 65.00 .140 MN : 64.00 68.00 47.00 MS : .605 .615 MO : 66.00 100.00 59.00 MT : 69.00 70.00 58.00 NE : 47.00 47.00 43.00 NV : 99.00 100.00 85.00 NM : 119.00 122.00 96.00 NY : 101.00 106.00 93.00 .148 NC : .674 .647 ND : 46.00 57.00 37.00 OH : 106.00 120.00 75.00 .260 OK : 89.00 109.00 60.00 OR : 95.00 100.00 80.00 PA : 117.00 131.00 105.00 .230 SD : 53.00 60.00 35.00 TN : .592 .586 TX : .528 .522 134.00 72.00 152.00 68.00 UT : 74.00 75.00 50.00 VA : .190 WA : 103.00 88.00 134.00 .153 WI : 70.00 75.00 50.00 WY : 73.00 74.00 67.00 : US : .607 .591 139.00 78.80 81.40 71.00 .159 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Marketing year August-February. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, January 1999, with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit : Nov 1998 1/ : Dec 1998 1/ :Jan 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .651 .607 .591 Marketings 3/ : 1,000 Bales : 1643 1611 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 8.98 9.06 9.12 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Cwt : 11882 13728 NA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Expanded data from sample of about 60 percent of buyers. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity : F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------- And : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree State : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit : AZ : 11.60 4.56 6.16 -0.26 2.62 4.22 -2.20 CA : 13.50 5.09 8.06 -0.26 3.15 6.12 -2.20 FL : 13.00 3.66 5.07 2.06 1.47 3.20 -0.48 White Seedless : 15.30 3.88 6.70 2.00 1.63 4.75 -0.45 Colored Seedless: 12.30 3.61 4.60 2.10 1.45 2.75 -0.55 Other : 2.00 2.00 0.20 0.20 TX : 15.40 5.64 6.70 1.50 4.50 5.55 0.40 : CA-AZ : 12.60 4.84 7.11 -0.26 2.90 5.17 -2.20 : US : 13.30 3.87 5.32 2.03 1.80 3.56 -0.44 : Lemons : AZ : 26.00 14.06 17.56 2.08 10.42 13.92 -1.56 CA : 27.40 11.15 18.96 2.08 7.51 15.32 -1.56 : US : 26.80 12.21 18.32 2.08 8.57 14.68 -1.56 : Limes : FL : 35.00 24.50 24.50 19.50 19.50 : Oranges : AZ : Navel and Misc : 35.40 22.11 29.38 0.66 20.13 27.40 -1.32 CA : Navel and Misc : 28.80 14.80 22.78 0.66 12.82 20.80 -1.32 FL : Early and Mids : 19.40 6.73 12.30 6.60 4.98 10.40 4.85 TX : Early and Mids : 18.30 8.46 9.50 2.87 7.17 8.20 1.62 : CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 29.50 15.47 23.48 0.66 13.49 21.50 -1.32 : US : 22.00 6.90 14.90 6.56 5.15 13.09 4.80 : Tangelos : FL : 22.00 7.93 14.50 6.00 5.37 12.10 3.40 : Tangerines : AZ : 33.30 26.56 27.40 0.66 24.48 25.32 -1.42 CA : 27.00 18.13 21.10 0.66 16.05 19.02 -1.42 FL : 32.30 18.59 23.70 7.15 15.27 20.50 3.55 : US : 31.80 20.11 24.25 6.45 17.19 21.49 3.02 : Temples : FL : 20.00 9.82 12.90 5.50 7.83 11.00 3.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: Grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; Lemons-76; Limes-88; Oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; Tangelos-90; Tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95; Temples-90. Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Dec : Jan :: State : Dec : Jan : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : :: ND - All 1/ : 5.70 5.75 CA - All : 10.90 10.60 :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.20 NA - Winter : 20.30 21.20 :: - Processing : 5.60 NA - Spring : :: OH : 6.95 7.70 - Summer : :: OR : 5.00 5.65 - Fall : 7.30 7.05 :: PA : 6.95 7.40 CO - All 1/ : 3.55 3.85 :: TX : - Fresh 2/ : 3.51 NA :: VA : FL : :: WA - All : 5.35 5.15 ID - All 1/ : 4.00 4.05 :: - Processing : 4.85 NA - Fresh 2/ : 3.30 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 4.90 5.55 - Processing : 4.40 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 4.50 NA ME : 5.90 5.90 :: - Processing : 5.00 NA MI : 6.55 6.65 :: : MN : 5.65 5.55 :: US - All 1/ : 5.20 5.24 NY : 8.95 8.65 :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.50 NA : 8.95 8.65 :: - Processing : 4.97 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ : Dec 2/ : Jan 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 30.50 35.40 59.50 60.50 58.90 60.20 72.50 72.50 AR : 25.90 29.90 61.20 61.20 49.90 48.10 72.80 74.30 CA : 30.30 33.00 60.00 61.00 44.50 45.30 73.30 75.50 CO : 30.60 34.00 60.80 62.50 58.40 60.20 82.70 88.00 FL : 30.30 34.90 60.60 62.00 37.60 38.20 75.00 74.70 GA : 30.20 31.40 57.00 59.60 38.80 41.30 72.30 73.40 ID : 29.60 32.30 60.90 62.30 52.10 54.20 75.00 78.00 IL : 28.70 28.70 58.00 60.00 57.40 59.40 95.00 97.00 IA : 32.40 35.00 60.60 63.70 57.80 60.80 70.50 73.30 KS : 28.70 32.50 60.10 62.00 59.20 60.80 81.00 86.00 KY : 30.00 33.00 61.00 63.00 53.60 55.80 68.00 71.00 LA : 30.10 33.00 62.30 67.00 40.40 43.20 75.20 79.00 MI : 31.00 33.00 54.00 55.00 44.80 46.20 50.00 48.00 MN : 32.40 34.50 57.90 59.50 54.60 56.30 68.70 70.50 MO : 29.80 32.50 64.10 69.00 53.80 58.10 74.50 79.00 MT : 30.60 34.40 71.40 73.50 57.50 63.30 77.70 81.80 NE : 29.60 31.00 60.60 63.80 59.50 62.80 84.40 92.10 NM : 32.40 35.60 66.90 70.80 51.40 55.70 76.80 83.00 ND : 32.10 33.70 65.60 67.30 53.90 60.90 73.40 77.50 OH : 31.90 34.00 61.50 63.00 58.50 60.10 61.40 64.00 OK : 29.60 32.00 69.30 70.80 58.90 60.70 82.20 82.50 OR : 30.90 32.00 61.70 63.70 52.50 54.20 70.00 72.00 PA : 32.20 33.70 58.10 58.80 51.40 52.30 83.00 83.50 SD : 30.30 31.30 69.90 75.50 59.60 64.00 80.10 87.60 TN : 28.30 33.00 60.50 67.00 47.60 53.40 69.30 76.00 TX : 29.10 31.70 61.70 62.40 58.80 59.60 81.10 81.90 VA : 27.90 29.90 57.90 59.30 51.90 53.40 66.20 71.10 WI : 31.80 34.90 54.50 56.90 41.30 44.10 99.50 98.30 WY : 33.10 34.00 71.00 73.00 55.80 65.20 79.70 83.00 : US : 30.80 33.10 60.30 62.40 56.80 59.00 80.20 81.90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ : Dec 1/ : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 13.10 20.40 15.80 27.90 15.50 27.20 IL : 9.70 18.30 12.60 23.40 12.40 23.00 IN : 11.40 20.20 13.00 24.00 12.90 23.60 IA : 14.60 23.30 15.00 25.00 15.00 25.00 KS : 11.00 20.80 13.10 29.50 12.80 28.50 KY : 13.00 18.00 18.00 29.00 17.80 28.60 MI : 11.50 18.00 17.00 26.00 16.40 25.40 MN : 11.60 20.00 15.30 23.50 15.20 23.40 MO : 9.90 16.50 10.50 20.00 10.50 19.80 NE : 12.80 22.00 18.90 31.90 18.80 31.70 NC : 13.70 23.50 14.60 30.40 14.60 30.30 OH : 11.60 15.00 17.00 23.00 16.90 22.80 PA : 12.40 13.00 17.10 21.80 16.40 20.50 SC : 14.50 24.10 13.40 25.90 13.50 25.80 SD : 10.50 21.50 19.40 28.00 18.40 27.30 TN : 14.60 20.50 15.00 26.50 15.00 25.90 TX : 17.40 17.00 25.00 25.80 23.60 24.10 VA : 11.70 16.00 14.50 24.70 14.40 24.50 WI : 7.70 14.40 12.30 25.70 11.70 24.20 : US : 12.10 19.00 14.80 26.10 14.70 25.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Sheep : Lambs : Turkeys : Broilers: Eggs : 1/ : 1/ : 2/3/ : 1/4/ : 2/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Pound Dol/Doz : AL : .380 .490 AZ : AR : .34 .380 .550 CA : 28.50 65.00 .42 .405 .650 CO : 31.40 63.50 CT : .680 DE : .375 FL : .490 GA : .380 .499 ID : 29.40 60.80 IN : .36 .630 IA : 37.10 58.40 .37 .531 KS : 29.00 64.00 ME : .750 MD : .375 MI : .580 MN : 27.10 61.80 .33 .550 MS : .370 .650 MO : .36 .535 MT : 32.70 71.60 NE : 27.50 61.30 NM : NY : .698 NC : .33 .375 .514 OH : 31.90 65.30 .580 OR : 29.00 62.50 PA : .35 .380 .590 SC : .493 SD : 25.70 68.90 TX : 41.80 67.00 .400 .550 UT : 25.00 65.00 VA : .33 .360 WA : .725 WY : 29.70 66.10 : US : 30.30 64.50 .348 .379 .582 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ IN, IA, MN and PA are actual liveweight prices. All other State prices are equivalent liveweight returns to producers (see footnote 4 for formula). 4/ Liveweight equivalent price. Derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formula: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = liveweight equivalent price. 5/ Market (table) eggs. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, December 1998 and January 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : January :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 19.00 3.71 19.00 3.71 19.50 3.66 1250 AZ : 15.60 3.70 15.60 3.70 16.00 3.70 1340 AR : 18.40 3.70 18.40 3.70 19.10 3.70 1150 CA : 17.00 3.78 16.50 4.24 17.00 3.78 16.40 3.79 1340 CO : 18.00 3.83 18.00 3.83 18.90 3.77 1300 FL : 21.30 3.60 21.30 3.60 21.90 3.60 1270 GA : 19.10 3.70 19.10 3.70 19.60 3.65 1330 ID : 17.80 3.72 18.60 3.92 17.80 3.73 17.40 3.66 1270 IL : 17.70 3.83 18.50 3.75 17.70 3.83 18.20 3.87 1290 IN : 17.70 3.83 15.40 3.98 17.60 3.84 18.30 3.83 1200 IA : 17.30 3.84 16.60 3.92 17.30 3.85 17.30 3.83 1300 KS : 17.00 3.77 17.20 3.94 17.00 3.78 17.20 3.80 1190 KY : 18.20 3.76 15.80 4.05 18.20 3.76 18.80 3.72 1140 LA : 18.80 3.53 18.80 3.53 19.50 3.50 1140 MD : 17.90 3.80 17.90 3.80 18.70 3.80 1260 MI : 17.70 3.82 17.30 3.85 17.70 3.82 18.70 3.79 1300 MN : 19.10 3.80 17.70 3.88 18.99 3.81 15.30 3.77 1190 MS : 18.80 3.67 18.80 3.67 19.60 3.64 1080 MO : 18.30 3.77 16.80 3.94 18.30 3.78 18.20 3.76 1120 NE : 16.60 3.81 16.00 3.85 16.60 3.81 17.20 3.78 1260 NM : 17.40 3.67 17.40 3.67 17.30 3.67 1260 NY : 18.00 3.74 18.00 3.74 18.60 3.73 1150 NC : 19.70 3.79 17.40 4.10 19.70 3.79 20.00 3.78 1200 ND : 17.70 3.77 15.50 3.84 16.90 3.80 16.20 3.77 1140 OH : 18.30 3.87 15.80 3.93 18.20 3.87 18.60 3.82 1200 OK : 18.60 3.71 18.60 3.71 19.30 3.70 1170 OR : 17.30 3.77 16.80 4.20 17.30 3.77 17.40 3.75 1290 PA : 18.30 3.78 17.60 3.86 18.30 3.78 19.20 3.76 1320 TN : 18.70 3.77 16.10 3.95 18.70 3.77 19.50 3.78 1150 TX : 18.20 3.71 18.20 3.71 18.10 3.70 1280 UT : 17.40 3.78 17.20 3.82 17.40 3.78 17.60 3.73 1160 VT : 18.10 3.81 18.10 3.81 18.10 3.79 1270 VA : 18.90 3.74 13.90 3.73 18.80 3.74 19.50 3.70 1180 WA : 17.30 3.77 17.30 3.77 17.20 3.75 1270 WI : 19.04 3.86 18.36 3.98 19.00 3.87 17.40 3.86 1260 : US : 18.00 3.78 17.40 3.94 18.00 3.78 17.70 3.77 1250 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including milk diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, December 1998 and January 1999, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Jan 1998 : Dec 1998 : Jan 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 26.63 26.45 27.33 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 13.50 17.40 2/16.10 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.88 3.94 2/3.90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1999 is 91.1 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 90.9 percent in 1998. For additional details, see "Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk" in this issue. 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1999, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan : : 1998 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998: 1998: 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .626 9.64 9.57 9.53 34 30 30 Rice, Cwt : 1.78 26.80 26.70 27.10 36 34 34 Corn, Bu : .428 6.54 6.50 6.52 39 31 31 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .113 1.71 1.70 1.72 36 36 34 Extra Long Staple : .145 2.24 2.23 2.21 Peanuts, Lb : .0425 .644 .639 .647 45 38 43 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .252 3.80 3.77 3.84 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .249 3.71 3.68 3.79 58 53 49 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .313 4.74 4.71 4.77 50 Burley, 31 : .266 4.00 3.97 4.05 47 48 47 Maryland, 32 : .231 3.31 3.29 3.52 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .266 3.98 3.95 4.05 Sun-Cured, 37 : .226 3.32 3.30 3.44 59 52 49 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .193 2.84 2.82 2.94 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .217 3.25 3.23 3.30 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.64 2.62 2.63 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .552 7.46 7.41 8.41 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.97 29.30 29.10 30.00 2/49 2/61 2/58 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0878 1.31 1.30 1.34 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .125 4.12 4.09 1.90 Mohair, Lb : .231 11.00 10.90 3.52 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .383 5.89 5.85 5.83 41 34 34 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.90 239.00 238.00 242.00 51 58 57 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.26 50.20 49.80 49.60 42 41 39 Flaxseed, Bu : .780 11.90 11.80 11.90 49 42 42 Oats, Bu : .224 3.61 3.59 3.41 44 33 33 Potatoes, Cwt : .860 12.80 12.70 13.10 43 41 40 Rye, Bu : .326 4.96 4.92 4.96 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .674 10.30 10.20 10.30 39 29 29 Soybeans, Bu : .905 14.10 14.00 13.80 47 38 38 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 2.04 24.60 24.40 31.10 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0290 .435 .432 .442 50 35 36 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .524 10.70 10.70 7.98 9 25 23 Lemons : 1.20 17.50 17.40 18.30 10 43 47 Limes (FL) : 1.17 18.50 18.30 17.80 68 27 110 Oranges : .747 13.70 13.60 11.40 23 35 45 Tangerines : 1.79 29.00 28.80 27.30 35 39 63 Temples (FL) : .635 11.50 11.40 9.67 26 81 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.80 151.00 150.00 149.00 41 38 40 Calves, Cwt : 12.50 192.00 191.00 190.00 45 42 43 Hogs, Cwt : 6.58 102.00 102.00 100.00 35 14 26 Lambs, Cwt : 10.10 154.00 153.00 154.00 51 42 Sheep, Cwt : 4.21 62.80 62.40 64.10 67 49 Eggs, Doz : .0964 1.44 1.43 1.47 2/48 2/49 2/46 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0576 .877 .871 .877 40 47 40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Parity Prices Based on Data for January 1999, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Peaches, cont. : Hops, Lb : .239 3.64 : Processing 6/ : Spearmint Oil, Lb: 1.85 28.20 : Excl Dried : Tobacco, Lb : : Clingstone, : Type 61 : 2.78 42.30 : CA, Ton : 31.60 481.00 : : Pears, Ton : Noncitrus Fruit : : Fresh 5/ : 51.70 787.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Dried, CA 7/ : 148.00 2250.00 Processing : 19.80 302.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : Apricots, Ton : : Fresh, Equiv : Fresh 8/ : 122.00 1860.00 : on-Tree : 53.70 818.00 Dried, CA : 293.00 4460.00 : Prunes, Dried, : Avocados, Ton 8/ : 192.00 2920.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 135.00 2060.00 Cherries : : Prunes and Plums,: Sweet, Ton : 157.00 2390.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Tart, Lb : .0265 .404 : Fresh 10/ : 55.30 842.00 Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.55 115.00 : Processing 7/ : Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 139.00 2120.00 : Excl Dried : 22.40 341.00 Grapes, Ton : : : Raisin Variety : 142.00 2160.00 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Other Dried : 58.40 889.00 : Almonds, Lb : .227 3.46 Kiwifruit, Ton : 72.60 1110.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 117.00 1780.00 Nectarines : : Pistachio, Lb : .164 2.50 Fresh, Calif, : : Walnuts, Ton : 179.00 2730.00 Ton 8/ : 63.00 959.00 : : Olives, CA : :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Canning, Ton 6/: 93.20 1420.00 : Fresh : Papayas (HA) Lb : .0479 .730 : Carrots 9/ : 1.78 27.10 Peaches : : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.31 65.60 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0384 .585 : Celery 9/ : 1.85 28.20 Dried, CA, : : Honeydew Melons : 2.52 38.40 Ton : 119.00 1810.00 : Lettuce : 2.15 32.70 : : Onions 9/ : 1.70 25.90 : : Tomatoes : 4.47 68.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Rice: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, by States and United States, 1996 and 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : : All AR : 10.20 9.87 CA : 7.91 7.95 LA : 10.60 10.20 MS : 10.50 10.40 MO : 10.30 10.00 TX : 10.80 10.90 : US 1/ : 9.96 9.70 : : Length of Grain US: : Long : 10.60 10.20 Medium &: Short : 8.37 8.52 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July. Prices Received: All Rice, United States by Month, for Marketing Years, 1995-96 through 1997-98 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : 1997-98: 9.94 9.92 10.00 9.82 9.77 9.57 1996-97: 10.10 10.00 9.66 9.41 9.82 9.95 1995-96: 7.77 8.01 8.84 9.21 9.45 9.36 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : 1997-98: 9.75 9.67 9.40 9.38 9.58 9.58 1996-97: 10.10 10.20 10.30 10.20 9.90 10.00 1995-96: 9.19 9.20 9.35 9.73 9.77 9.81 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ August - July for US. 2/ Second year. Apples for Fresh Use: Monthly Prices Received, United States, July 1991 - December 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound : 1991 : .246 .232 .264 .238 .251 .257 .246 .248 .243 .241 .250 .252 1992 : .286 .333 .271 .212 .194 .199 .183 .167 .145 .143 .149 .161 1993 : .178 .244 .241 .211 .193 .186 .187 .178 .166 .155 .143 .135 1994 : .194 .289 .207 .191 .164 .192 .195 .183 .182 .166 .154 .156 1995 : .179 .244 .262 .253 .238 .244 .254 .242 .251 .226 .219 .219 1996 : .233 .252 .305 .247 .232 .227 .225 .203 .176 .156 .143 .137 1997 : .146 .173 .259 .253 .229 .233 .219 .208 .205 .194 .178 .163 1998 : .163 .189 .213 .210 .179 .152 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Pears for Fresh Use: Monthly Prices Received, United States, July 1991 - December 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Jan 1/: Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Ton : 1991 : 300 342 358 399 428 414 377 383 381 394 459 2/ 1992 : 300 273 364 390 433 391 370 417 412 429 505 538 1993 : 390 344 366 350 330 281 235 220 202 182 172 175 1994 : 148 170 278 248 271 253 222 288 346 374 354 340 1995 : 358 332 374 354 351 324 297 301 316 313 367 584 1996 : 450 383 471 505 597 561 557 519 461 454 503 568 1997 : 325 351 368 361 352 305 269 272 272 332 385 425 1998 : 405 457 420 479 398 354 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. 2/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Peaches for Fresh Use: Monthly Prices Received, United States, May 1991 - September 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : 1991 : .289 .236 .162 .162 .228 1992 : .220 .213 .148 .222 .220 1993 : .288 .220 .191 .190 .226 1994 : .193 .138 .177 .176 .239 1995 : .345 .205 .184 .266 .324 1996 : .347 .272 .306 .316 .363 1997 : .255 .193 .146 .238 .353 1998 : .325 .254 .276 .270 .284 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA and WA; price at point of first sale for other states. Grapes for Fresh Use: Monthly Prices Received, United States, May 1995 - December 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Year : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Ton : 1995 : 1,050 580 650 650 480 560 530 680 1996 : 1,150 960 570 480 580 880 1,100 1/ 1997 : 1,060 660 480 450 550 570 840 1/ 1998 : 1/ 670 740 1,040 770 740 890 740 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Sweet Potatoes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, by State and United States, 1996-98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AL : 12.10 20.50 18.10 CA : 26.10 28.00 27.00 GA : 10.60 15.40 16.50 LA : 13.10 14.40 14.50 MS : 12.60 18.50 19.50 NJ : 17.90 20.40 22.00 NC : 10.70 10.80 10.90 SC : 14.70 15.40 13.40 TX : 14.40 16.20 22.40 VA : 10.90 11.60 11.70 : US : 14.40 15.80 15.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Preliminary. Limes: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, Florida, Crop Years 1997-98 and 1998-99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1997-98 : 1998-99 :---------------------------------------------------------- Utilization : F.O.B. : Equiv.: Equiv. : F.O.B. : Equiv. : Equiv. : Packed : P.H.D.: On-Tree : Packed : P.H.D. : On-Tree ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars Per Box 1/ : Limes : 10.02 5.02 13.56 8.56 Fresh : 23.00 12.50 7.50 25.50 15.00 10.00 Processing : 2.59 -2.41 2.00 -3.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: 88. Limes: Average Prices and Equivalent Returns, Florida, June 1996 - December 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equiv. P.H.D. : Equiv. On-Tree :---------------------------------------------------------- Month and Year : F.O.B. : : : Packed : All Fresh Proc.: All Fresh Proc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per box 1/ : Jun 1996 : 16.00 5.00 5.50 1.75 0.00 0.50 -3.25 Jul : 18.60 6.96 8.10 1.75 1.96 3.10 -3.25 Aug : 21.70 8.31 11.20 1.75 3.31 6.20 -3.25 Sep : 21.90 8.92 11.40 1.75 3.92 6.40 -3.25 Oct : 19.80 7.21 9.30 2.00 2.21 4.30 -3.00 Nov : 24.60 10.80 14.10 2.00 5.80 9.10 -3.00 Dec : 33.50 17.00 23.00 2.00 12.00 18.00 -3.00 Jan 1997 : 46.00 35.50 35.50 30.50 30.50 Feb : 52.00 41.50 41.50 36.50 36.50 Mar : Apr : May : 28.00 17.50 17.50 12.50 12.50 Jun : 19.00 6.85 8.50 2.00 1.85 3.50 -3.00 Jul : 24.00 10.15 13.50 3.00 5.15 8.50 -2.00 Aug : 21.00 8.15 10.50 2.80 3.15 5.50 -2.20 Sep : 20.00 7.11 9.50 2.80 2.11 4.50 -2.20 Oct : 19.00 6.88 8.50 2.00 1.88 3.50 -3.00 Nov : 21.00 8.80 10.50 2.00 3.80 5.50 -3.00 Dec : 32.00 17.17 21.50 2.00 12.17 16.50 -3.00 Jan 1998 : 28.00 17.50 17.50 12.50 12.50 Feb : Mar : Apr : 30.00 19.50 19.50 14.50 14.50 May : 24.00 13.50 13.50 8.50 8.50 Jun : 25.00 13.11 14.50 2.00 8.11 9.50 -3.00 Jul : 23.00 10.67 12.50 2.00 5.67 7.50 -3.00 Aug : 29.00 15.85 18.50 2.00 10.85 13.50 -3.00 Sep : 26.00 13.93 15.50 2.00 8.93 10.50 -3.00 Oct : 24.00 11.97 13.50 2.00 6.97 8.50 -3.00 Nov : 24.00 11.34 13.50 2.00 6.34 8.50 -3.00 Dec : 22.00 11.50 11.50 6.50 6.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: 88. Parity Prices Parity prices based on data for January 1999 and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed, are presented in the table on pages A-48 through A-51. Annual average prices for 1989 through 1998 for use in parity computations, and ten-year averages for 1988-97 and 1989-98 are shown on pages A-54 through A-63. Parity Prices shown on the following pages are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The major provisions of the amended Act relating to the calculation of parity prices are as follows: "(1) (A) The 'parity price' for any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be determined by multiplying the adjusted base price of such commodity as of such date by the parity index as of such date. "(B) The 'adjusted base price' of any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be (i) the average of the prices received by farmers for such commodity, at such time as the Secretary may select during each year of the ten-year period ending on the 31st of December last before such date, or during each marketing season beginning in such period if the Secretary determines use of a calendar year basis to be impracticable, divided by (ii) the ratio of the general level of prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(C) The 'parity index', as of any date, shall be the ratio of (i) the general level of prices for articles and services that farmers buy, wages paid hired farm labor, interest on farm indebtedness secured by farm real estate, and taxes on farm real estate, for the calendar month ending last before such date to (ii) the general level of such prices, wages, rates, and taxes during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive. "(D) The prices and indexes provided for herein, and the data used in computing them, shall be determined by the Secretary, whose determination shall be final." Section 301(a) (1) (F) outlines authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to make special adjustments in the method of computing parity prices for particular commodities if the method outlined in the Act results in parity prices seriously out of line with those of other commodities. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 1999 this is the 1989-98 average). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-14=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, U.S. parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. The indexes used in the computation of parity prices are published currently in "Agricultural Prices". For the purpose of illustrating the computation of parity prices, the calculation of the parity price for corn based on data for January 1999 is given below. The 120-month, January 1989-December 1998 average of prices received by farmers for corn was $2.94 per bushel, adjusted to allow for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. The 120-month average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans, etc., was 687 (1910-14=100). Dividing $2.94 by 6.87 gives $.428 per bushel, the adjusted base price which is multiplied by 1523 percent, the Parity Index (1910-14=100), based on data for January 1999. This gives $6.50 per bushel, the parity price of corn during February 1999. The Parity Ratio The parity ratio (the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the products they sell divided by the Parity Index (1910-14=100) provides an indication of the per unit purchasing power of farm commodities generally in terms of the goods and services currently bought by farmers, in relation to purchasing power of farm products in the 1910-14 base period. Thus, a Parity Ratio less than 100 indicates that the average per unit purchasing power of all farm products is lower than during the 1910-14 period. The parity ratio is a measure of price relationships; not a measure of farm income, farmers' total purchasing power, or farmers' welfare. The latter depends upon a number of factors other than price relationships, such as changes in production efficiency and technology, quantities of farm products sold, and supplementary income, including that from off-farm jobs and federal programs. An adjusted parity ratio is computed and published which incorporates supplementary income for federal farm programs. A "preliminary adjusted parity ratio reflecting government payments" based on the forecast of direct government payments for the year is published each quarter in "Agricultural Prices". Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Basic Commodities : Wheat, Bu 3/ : 0.626 9.53 Rice, Cwt 3/ : 1.78 27.10 Corn, Bu 3/ : 0.428 6.52 Cotton, Lb : American Upland 3/ : 0.113 1.72 Extra Long Staple : 0.145 2.21 Peanuts, Lb : 0.0425 0.647 Tobacco, Lb : Flue-Cured, Types 11-14 : 0.252 3.84 VA Fire-Cured, Type 21 : 0.249 3.79 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 0.313 4.77 Burley, Type 31 : 0.266 4.05 Maryland, Type 32 : 0.231 3.52 Dark Air-Cured, Types 35-36 : 0.266 4.05 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 0.226 3.44 PA SeedLeaf, Type 41 : 0.193 2.94 Cigar Filler & Binder, : Types 42-44, 54-55 : 0.217 3.30 Puerto Rican Filler, Type 46 : 0.173 2.63 Cigar Binder, Types 51-52 : 0.552 8.41 : Designated Nonbasic Commodities : Soybeans, Bu 3/ : 0.905 13.80 All Milk Sold to Plants, Cwt : 1.97 30.00 Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted : 0.0878 1.340 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb 3/ : 0.125 1.90 Mohair, Lb : 0.231 3.52 : Other Nonbasic Commodities : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu 3/ : 0.383 5.83 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.90 242.00 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.26 49.60 Flaxseed, Bu : 0.780 11.90 All Hay, Baled, Ton : 12.50 190.00 Hops, Lb : 0.239 3.64 Oats, Bu 3/ : 0.224 3.41 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 1.94 29.50 Potatoes, Cwt : 0.860 13.10 Rye, Bu : 0.326 4.96 Sorghum Grain, Cwt 3/ : 0.674 10.30 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 1.85 28.20 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 2.04 31.10 Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 2.78 42.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes page A-36. Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box : Grapefruit 13/ : 0.524 7.98 Lemons 13/ : 1.200 18.30 Limes (FL) : 1.17 17.80 Oranges 13/ : 0.747 11.40 Tangerines 13/ : 1.79 27.30 Temples 13/ : 0.635 9.67 : Fruit, Deciduous and Other : Apples : Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.0290 0.442 Processing, Ton 13/ : 19.80 302.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh : 122.00 1,860.00 Processing : Dried (CA) : 293.00 4,460.00 Excl Dried : 40.90 623.00 Avocados, Ton 13/ : 192.00 2,920.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 157.00 2,390.00 Tart, Lb 13/ : 0.0265 0.404 Cranberries, Bbl 13/ : 7.55 115.00 Dates (CA) Ton 5/ : 139.00 2,120.00 : Discontinued Nonbasic Commodities : Field Crops and Misc 14/ : Crude Pine Gum, Bbl : 13.90 212.00 Dry Field Peas, Cwt : 1.89 28.80 Popcorn, Cwt : 1.81 27.60 Tobacco, Type 62, Lb : 0.858 13.10 : Fruit, Deciduous and Other 16/ : Berries, Processing, Lb : Blackberries : 0.0620 0.944 Black Raspberries : 0.106 1.61 Boysenberries/Youngberries : 0.0879 1.340 Gooseberries : 0.0373 0.568 Loganberries : 0.0603 0.918 Red Raspberries : 0.0844 1.290 : Seed Crops, Cwt 14/ : Alfalfa : 19.30 294.00 Bentgrass : 18.90 288.00 Chewings Fescue : 10.00 152.00 Crimson Clover : 8.40 128.00 Hairy Vetch : 5.81 88.50 Ladino Clover : 24.70 376.00 Lespedeza : 8.31 127.00 Merion KY Bluegrass : 22.00 335.00 Orchardgrass : 7.16 109.00 Red Clover : 12.00 183.00 Red Fescue : 10.10 154.00 Tall Fescue : 3.67 55.90 Timothy : 6.40 97.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes page A-36. Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Fruit, Deciduous and Other, Cont: Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 142.00 2,160.00 Excl Raisin Varieties Dried : 58.40 889.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 13/ : 72.60 1,110.00 Nectarines (CA), Ton : Fresh 5/ : 63.00 959.00 Processing 6/ : 4.32 65.80 Olives (CA), Ton 7/ : Processing : Crushed for oil : 1.59 24.20 Excl crushed : 80.20 1,220.00 Canning : 93.20 1,420.00 Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : 0.0479 0.730 Peaches : Fresh, Lb 7/ : 0.0384 0.585 Processing : Dried (CA), Ton 6/ : 119.00 1,810.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone (CA), Ton 7/ : 31.60 481.00 Freestone, Ton 6/ : 27.10 413.00 Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 51.70 787.00 Processing, Ton 6/ : Dried (CA) : 148.00 2,250.00 Excluding Dried : 30.00 457.00 Plums (CA) Equiv On-Tree : Fresh, Ton 8/ : 53.70 818.00 Processing, Ton : 1.91 29.10 Prunes, Dried (CA), Ton 13/ : 135.00 2,060.00 Prunes & Plums (EX CA) Ton : Fresh 8/ : 55.30 842.00 Processing 6/ : 22.40 341.00 Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 6/ : 0.0866 1.320 Processing : 0.0393 0.599 Sugar Crops, Ton : Sugarbeets 10/ 13/ : 5.91 90.00 Sugarcane 10/ 13/ : 4.22 64.30 : Tree Nuts 11/ : Almonds, Lb : 0.227 3.46 Filberts, Ton : 117.00 1,780.00 Pecans, All, Ton : 282.00 4,290.00 Pistachio, All, Lb : .164 2.50 Walnuts, Ton 13/ : 179.00 2,730.00 : Vegetables, Fresh, Cwt 9/ : Asparagus : 13.80 210.00 Broccoli 12/ : 3.77 57.40 Carrots 12/ : 1.78 27.10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes page A-36. Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on Data for January, 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Adjusted : Parity Prices Commodity and Unit : Based : Based on : Prices : data for : 1/ : Jan 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Cauliflower 12/ : 4.31 65.60 Celery 12/ : 1.85 28.20 Greenhouse Cucumbers : Honeydew Melons : 2.52 38.40 Lettuce : 2.15 32.70 Onions 12/ : 1.70 25.90 Sweet Corn : 2.46 37.50 Tomatoes : 4.47 68.10 : Vegetables, Processing, Ton 6/ : Asparagus : 155.00 2,360.00 Green Peas : 38.00 579.00 Snap Beans : 25.50 388.00 Sweet Corn : 10.50 160.00 Tomatoes : 9.32 142.00 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.80 149.00 Calves, Cwt : 12.50 190.00 Eggs, Doz : 0.0964 1.47 Hogs, Cwt : 6.58 100.00 Lambs, Cwt : 10.10 154.00 Sheep, Cwt : 4.21 64.10 Turkeys, Lb : 0.0576 0.877 : Discontinued Nonbasic Commodities : Vegetables, Fresh, Cwt 14/ : Artichokes : 4.55 69.30 Cabbage : 1.38 21.00 Cantaloupes : 2.13 32.40 Cucumbers : 2.28 34.70 Eggplant : 2.41 36.70 Escarole : 3.10 47.20 Garlic : 2.93 44.60 Green Peppers : 3.60 54.80 Snap Beans : 4.51 68.70 Spinach : 3.95 60.20 Watermelon : 0.846 12.90 : Vegetables, Processing, Ton 14/ : Beets : 7.79 119.00 Cabbage : 6.01 91.50 Lima Beans : 67.00 1,020.00 Spinach : 14.50 221.00 : Livestock and Products 14/ : Beeswax, Lb : 0.291 4.43 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes page A-36. Adjusted Base Prices and United States Parity Prices Based on data for January 1999 (continued) 1/ Adjusted base price 1910-14 derived by dividing the average of 10 season average prices 1989-97, including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations, by 687 percent (the 120-month, Jan 1989-Dec 1998 average of the index of prices received by farmers adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments) unless otherwise noted. 2/ These parity prices are the legally applicable parity prices for the following calendar month. 3/ Adjusted base price 1910-14 derived from 120-month, Jan 1989-Dec 1998 average including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only starting in 1985), OR (except peaches), and WA. Prices "as sold" for other states. 5/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 6/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 7/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 8/ Based on 'as sold' prices for fresh fruit in all states. 9/ Average F.O.B. shipping point prices. 10/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 11/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 12/ Includes some processing. 13/ The 1998 marketing year average prices are not yet available for these commodities. Therefore, the adjusted base prices are brought forward from 1997, except citrus items (excluding limes) and cranberries. 14/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for these items. Therefore, the adjusted base price is brought forward from July 1986. Average Base Period Prices Received by Farmers, US, 1910-14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price : Average : : Price : Average Commodity : Per : Jan 1910- : Commodity : Per : Jan 1910- : Unit : Dec 1914 : : Unit : Dec 1914 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : All Wheat :Dol/Bu : .880 : Sweetpotatoes :Dol/Cwt: 1.61 Rice (Rough) :Dol/Cwt: 1.81 : Dry Edible Beans :Dol/Cwt: 3.39 Corn :Dol/Bu : .649 : All Beef Cattle :Dol/Cwt: 5.52 Oats :Dol/Bu : .399 : Calves :Dol/Cwt: 6.84 All Barley :Dol/Bu : .617 : All Hogs :Dol/Cwt: 7.29 All Hay, Baled :Dol/Ton: 11.90 : Lambs :Dol/Cwt: 5.96 Cotton : Ct/Lb : 11.92 : Sheep :Dol/Cwt: 4.59 Peanuts : Ct/Lb : 4.83 : All Milk :Dol/Cwt: 1.61 Cottonseed :Dol/Ton: 21.80 : All Eggs : Ct/Doz: 21.6 Flaxseed :Dol/Bu : 1.68 : Turkeys, Live : Ct/Lb : 14.3 Potatoes :Dol/Cwt: 1.13 : Wool : Ct/Lb : 17.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk By direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, the parity price equivalent for manufacturing grade milk is determined as follows: (1) Based on data for the 10 calendar years immediately preceding, compute the ratio of (a) the average price received by farmers, f.o.b. plant, for all manufacturing grade milk to (b) the average price received by farmers, f.o.b plant, for all milk sold to plants and dealers. (2) The parity price for all milk sold to plantsis multiplied by the resulting ratio of (a) to (b) to determine the parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk. The parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk is not in itself a parity price but rather is an administrative determination based on the above price relationship. The ratio is computed in January of each year and is used throughout the calendar year. The ratio to be used during 1999 is 91.1, up from 1998. The parity price for all milk sold to plants is $30.00 per cwt. This price multiplied by 91.1 percent, results in $27.33 per cwt as the parity price equivalent for manufacturing milk of average milkfat content. In 1998, the simple average of monthly fat tests for manufacturing grade milk was 3.76 percent. The fat test ranged from a low of 3.55 in July to a high of 3.95 percent in November. Manufacturing Grade Milk: Average Price Per Cwt Received 1/, by Months, United States, January 1989-December 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : : : : : : : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : 1989 : 12.20 11.60 11.30 11.20 11.20 11.30 11.60 12.20 13.20 14.10 14.90 15.10 1990 : 14.10 12.50 12.10 12.40 12.70 13.00 13.10 12.90 12.40 11.10 10.60 10.50 1991 : 10.60 10.20 10.20 10.10 10.20 10.40 10.80 11.30 12.00 12.60 12.70 12.30 1992 : 11.80 11.30 11.10 11.50 12.00 12.20 12.30 12.30 12.20 12.20 12.00 11.50 1993 : 11.10 10.90 11.20 12.00 12.30 11.90 11.20 11.00 11.90 12.40 12.70 12.50 1994 : 12.30 12.20 12.40 12.50 11.40 11.00 11.10 11.40 11.90 12.20 12.00 11.50 1995 : 11.40 11.70 11.70 11.20 11.00 11.10 11.00 11.30 12.10 12.80 13.10 12.90 1996 : 12.80 12.60 12.60 12.90 13.40 13.60 14.00 14.60 15.30 14.60 12.40 11.80 1997 : 12.10 12.50 12.40 11.60 10.90 10.80 10.80 11.90 12.70 13.20 13.60 13.60 1998 : 13.50 13.50 12.90 12.10 11.30 13.00 14.00 14.60 15.40 16.70 17.30 17.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Before hauling costs are deducted and including premiums paid to farmers. 2/ Preliminary Average price January 1989 - December 1998 a. Manufacturing grade milk 12.30 b. All milk sold at wholesale to plants and dealers 13.50 c. Ratio a/b 91.1 Parity price equivalent for manufacturing grade milk - United States a. January 1998 26.63 b. December 1998 26.45 c. January 1999 27.33 Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : 1995 : : : : : : : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 659 660 632 626 643 634 646 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 2.43 2.40 2.33 2.29 2.22 2.41 2.56 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.595 0.648 0.655 0.532 0.538 0.661 0.772 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb : 0.971 1.060 0.970 0.788 0.870 1.025 1.228 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.624 1.811 1.602 1.470 1.430 1.481 1.573 Wheat, Bu : 3.88 2.98 2.74 3.41 3.21 3.52 4.09 Rice, Cwt : 7.00 6.90 7.34 7.03 5.98 8.22 7.62 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 13.60 13.70 12.20 13.10 12.80 13.00 12.80 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 2.55 2.21 2.07 2.09 1.98 2.01 2.47 Dry Beans, Cwt : 29.70 27.40 17.60 17.60 20.70 24.60 21.90 Flaxseed, Bu : 7.34 6.86 4.09 3.75 4.25 4.49 5.05 Hay, Baled, Ton : 89.20 85.30 74.70 71.90 82.30 88.90 83.20 Oats, Bu : 1.87 1.27 1.15 1.36 1.40 1.29 1.45 Rye, Bu : 2.06 2.09 2.20 2.38 2.55 2.70 2.90 Sorghum, Cwt : 3.90 3.87 3.96 3.87 3.66 3.97 4.51 Soybeans, Bu : 6.63 5.82 5.60 5.56 6.04 6.11 5.85 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 16.40 9.70 13.30 12.20 15.10 14.00 15.90 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.146 0.167 0.230 0.248 0.183 0.183 0.205 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 69.70 74.80 72.90 71.30 73.40 66.50 62.20 Calves, Cwt : 91.80 96.50 99.90 89.40 95.90 87.10 74.80 Eggs, Doz : 0.700 0.704 0.660 0.564 0.629 0.609 0.638 Hogs, Cwt : 43.20 54.00 48.80 42.00 45.20 39.50 41.80 Lambs, Cwt : 67.30 56.00 52.50 60.80 64.60 64.80 78.30 Sheep, Cwt : 27.00 23.80 20.40 26.90 29.50 31.60 28.60 Turkeys, Lb : 0.369 0.400 0.384 0.377 0.376 0.390 0.407 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 1989-98 Average : : : :1988-97:-------------------- Commodity and Unit : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :Average: As :For Parity : : : : :Computed:Purposes 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Index of Prices : (1910-14=100) Received by Farmers : 712 679 643 652 653 687 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Calendar Year Average prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Corn, Bu : 3.55 2.60 2.20 2.51 2.50 2.94 Cotton, Upland, Lb : 0.741 0.679 0.648 0.640 0.647 0.778 Cotton, Long Staple, Lb : 1.070 1.014 0.985 1.018 0.998 0.999 Tobacco, Type 32, Lb : 1.856 1.585 1.594 Wheat, Bu : 4.77 3.71 2.91 3.56 3.52 4.30 Rice, Cwt : 9.62 10.01 9.38 7.76 7.91 12.20 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : All Milk, Cwt : 14.90 13.30 15.40 13.20 13.50 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Barley, Bu : 3.07 2.39 2.12 2.32 2.30 2.63 Dry Beans, Cwt : 23.70 20.90 20.40 22.60 22.40 Flaxseed, Bu : 5.92 6.11 5.72 5.37 5.36 Hay, Baled, Ton : 88.90 102.80 90.50 84.40 85.80 Oats, Bu : 2.01 1.72 1.33 1.58 1.49 1.54 Rye, Bu : 3.70 3.75 2.49 2.24 2.24 Sorghum, Cwt : 5.93 4.10 3.55 4.14 4.13 4.63 Soybeans, Bu : 7.27 7.40 5.93 6.35 6.22 6.22 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 14.40 15.80 15.80 14.00 14.30 : Fruit : Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.242 0.194 0.189 0.196 0.199 : Livestock and Products : Beef Cattle, Cwt : 59.30 63.30 59.70 68.00 67.30 Calves, Cwt : 58.70 82.30 82.30 86.60 85.90 Eggs, Doz : 0.760 0.698 0.657 0.650 0.662 Hogs, Cwt : 53.30 52.00 32.40 46.20 45.20 Lambs, Cwt : 88.30 90.50 72.20 69.30 69.50 69.50 Sheep, Cwt : 30.30 38.10 32.70 28.30 28.90 Turkeys, Lb : 0.411 0.435 0.401 0.395 0.396 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.280 0.347 0.283 0.300 0.304 0.289 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.674 1.673 1.723 1.726 1.681 1.698 Type 21 : 1.537 1.602 1.526 1.615 1.719 1.612 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 1.990 1.952 2.134 2.173 2.194 2.092 Burley, Type 31 : 1.672 1.753 1.788 1.815 1.816 1.841 Types 35-36 : 1.701 1.863 1.840 1.694 1.715 1.685 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.351 1.456 1.434 1.380 1.521 1.476 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 1.270 1.390 1.430 1.150 0.950 1.000 Cigar Filler & Binder: Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.500 1.500 1.550 1.487 1.432 1.450 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : Types 51-52 : 1.800 2.500 2.600 2.800 3.000 3.060 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.498 0.537 0.556 0.550 0.539 0.528 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 1.240 0.800 0.550 0.740 0.510 0.780 Mohair, Lb : 1.58 0.93 1.28 0.86 0.82 2.56 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton : 105.00 121.00 71.00 97.50 113.00 101.00 Hops, Lb : 1.380 1.480 1.680 1.740 1.760 1.810 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 13.10 13.90 13.30 12.80 13.30 14.60 Potatoes, Cwt : 7.36 6.08 4.96 5.52 6.18 5.58 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 13.90 14.90 13.90 12.80 12.30 12.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1988-97: 1989-98 Commodity and Unit : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Basic Commodities : Peanuts, Lb 18/ : 0.293 0.281 0.283 0.257 0.294 0.292 Tobacco, Lb : Types 11-14 : 1.790 1.834 1.727 1.754 1.714 1.728 Type 21 : 1.640 1.790 2.124 1.961 1.665 1.713 KY-TN Fire-Cured, : Types 22-23 : 2.172 2.245 2.270 2.250 2.143 2.147 Burley, Type 31 : 1.854 1.922 1.913 1.910 1.798 1.828 Types 35-36 : 1.762 1.952 2.100 2.017 1.794 1.833 Sun-Cured, Type 37 : 1.555 1.782 1.796 1.724 1.499 1.548 PA Seedleaf, Type 41 : 1.450 1.550 1.550 1.550 1.278 1.329 Cigar Filler & Binder: Types 42-44, 54-55 : 1.450 1.486 1.500 20/ 1.461 1.486 Puerto Rican Filler, : Type 46 7/ : 0.731 Types 51-52 : 3.888 6.279 6.000 20/ 3.363 3.793 : Designated Nonbasic Comm : Honey, Wholesale, Lb : Extracted 8/ : 0.685 0.888 0.752 6/ 0.603 : Wool and Mohair 9/ : Wool, Lb : 1.040 0.700 0.840 6/ 0.858 Mohair, Lb : 1.84 1.92 2.25 6/ 1.59 : Other Nonbasic Comm : Field Crops and Misc : Cottonseed, Ton :106.00 126.00 121.00 129.00 108.00 109.00 Hops, Lb : 1.710 1.650 1.600 1.620 1.620 1.640 Peppermint Oil, Lb : 13.80 13.60 12.90 11.60 13.70 13.30 Potatoes, Cwt : 6.77 4.93 5.68 6/ 5.91 Spearmint Oil, Lb : 12.30 12.00 11.90 10.90 12.90 12.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 21.70 21.00 18.00 17.00 17.00 17.80 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 5.86 5.55 6.20 2.75 3.33 2.30 Lemons : 12.02 12.00 9.13 6.15 6.18 7.52 Limes (FL) : 8.26 13.99 9.12 1.02 12.70 8.65 Oranges : 6.13 6.79 5.52 3.88 4.40 4.23 Tangerines : 15.80 16.69 14.77 12.08 9.56 12.21 Temples : 5.64 6.31 6.51 2.99 2.73 3.47 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 107.00 144.00 171.00 130.00 107.00 114.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ :1,070.00 960.00 1,250.00 593.00 778.00 546.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) :1,890.00 1,950.00 2,110.00 1,960.00 2,320.00 1,890.00 Excl Dried : 284.00 276.00 289.00 286.00 271.00 305.00 Avocados, Ton :1,800.00 1,320.00 1,060.00 405.00 1,780.00 1,380.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton : 713.00 894.00 968.00 915.00 1,190.00 1,040.00 Tart, Lb : 0.145 0.181 0.464 0.176 0.121 0.163 Cranberries, Bbl : 44.00 46.10 49.00 51.60 50.20 49.30 Dates (CA) Ton :1,040.00 820.00 970.00 1,060.00 790.00 750.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 977.00 903.00 963.00 911.00 937.00 923.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 354.00 335.00 351.00 334.00 377.00 376.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 400.00 415.00 820.00 290.00 370.00 491.00 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : 400.00 479.00 409.00 Processing 11/ 20/ : 45.00 27.20 39.60 Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 12.00 10.90 10.30 10.50 10.50 11.00 Excl Crushed : 489.00 440.00 574.00 568.00 488.00 489.00 Canning 13/ : 563.00 553.00 631.00 676.00 558.00 551.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1988-97: 1989-98 Commodity and Unit : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ Nonbasic Commodities : Tobacco, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, Lb : 6/ 6/ 6/ 6/ 19.10 : Fruit, Citrus (Equiv : On-Tree) Box 10/ : Grapefruit : 2.30 1.91 1.41 6/ 3.60 Lemons : 6.37 8.36 6.24 6/ 8.27 Limes (FL) : 8.05 5.01 5.02 8.56 8.31 8.04 Oranges : 4.79 4.22 4.29 6/ 5.13 Tangerines : 11.10 9.42 8.81 6/ 12.31 Temples : 4.44 3.22 2.84 6/ 4.36 : Fruit, Deciduous and : Other : Apples, Ton : Processing 11/ : 159.00 171.00 130.00 6/ 136.00 Apricots, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 900.00 1,170.00 558.00 578.00 880.00 840.00 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA) :2,090.00 2,240.00 1,810.00 1,860.00 2,040.00 2,010.00 Excl Dried : 282.00 285.00 275.00 260.00 284.00 281.00 Avocados, Ton :1,300.00 1,430.00 1,560.00 6/ 1,320.00 Cherries : Sweet, Ton :1,260.00 1,470.00 1,250.00 1,090.00 1,049.00 1,079.00 Tart, Lb : 0.059 0.161 0.159 6/ 0.182 Cranberries, Bbl : 53.40 65.90 63.70 6/ 51.90 Dates (CA) Ton : 780.00 1,090.00 1,100.00 1,130.00 930.00 953.00 Grapes, Ton : Raisin Varieties : Dried (CA) : 980.00 1,070.00 908.00 1,200.00 947.00 977.00 Excl Raisin Var Dr : 399.00 483.00 496.00 505.00 381.00 401.00 Kiwifruit, Ton 12/ : 459.00 470.00 518.00 6/ 499.00 Nectarines, CA, Ton : Fresh 12/ 20/ : Processing 11/ 20/ : Olives (CA), Ton : Processing 13/ : Crushed for Oil : 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.10 10.90 Excl Crushed : 681.00 643.00 665.00 469.00 557.00 551.00 Canning 13/ : 779.00 745.00 760.00 580.00 642.00 640.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : 0.220 0.250 0.333 0.250 0.232 0.243 : Peaches : Fresh, Lb 14/ : 0.286 0.334 0.269 0.212 0.221 0.188 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA), Ton : 924.00 975.00 1,080.00 893.00 713.00 856.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone CA, Ton : 214.00 214.00 218.00 215.00 218.00 180.00 Freestone, Ton : 173.00 183.00 190.00 188.00 187.00 187.00 : Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 336.00 360.00 385.00 378.00 280.00 258.00 Processing, Ton 11/ : Dried (CA) : 861.00 756.00 900.00 1,130.00 970.00 942.00 Excluding Dried : 220.00 205.00 219.00 221.00 206.00 184.00 : Plums (CA), Ton : Fresh 20/ : Processing 20/ : : Prunes,Dried, CA, Ton 11/: 779.00 873.00 940.00 1,030.00 1,120.00 1,090.00 : Prunes&Plums, Ex CA, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 387.00 353.00 420.00 243.00 206.00 255.00 Processing 11/ : 105.00 102.00 219.00 146.00 157.00 105.00 : Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 15/ 16/ : 0.539 0.553 0.540 0.615 0.540 0.602 Processing : 0.261 0.287 0.274 0.247 0.284 0.291 : Sugar Crops, Ton 17/ : Sugarbeets : 42.10 43.00 38.50 41.40 39.00 38.80 Sugarcane : 29.20 30.80 29.00 28.10 28.50 29.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1988-97: 1989-98 Commodity and Unit : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Papayas (HA), Fresh, Lb : 0.435 0.448 0.529 0.350 0.315 0.329 : Peaches : Fresh, Lb 14/ : 0.260 0.331 0.244 0.295 0.261 0.264 Processing 11/ : Dried (CA), Ton : 894.00 726.00 612.00 550.00 863.00 822.00 Excluding Dried, Ton : Clingstone CA, Ton : 213.00 219.00 260.00 219.00 216.00 217.00 Freestone, Ton : 187.00 181.00 194.00 188.00 184.00 186.00 : Pears : Fresh, Ton 4/ : 343.00 496.00 329.00 384.00 352.00 355.00 Processing, Ton 11/ : Dried (CA) : 919.00 1,290.00 1,020.00 1,390.00 974.00 1,018.00 Excluding Dried : 177.00 223.00 213.00 191.00 206.00 206.00 : Plums (CA), Ton : Fresh 20/ : 365.00 369.00 Processing 20/ : 12.00 13.10 : Prunes,Dried, CA, Ton 11/:1,040.00 839.00 798.00 6/ 929.00 : Prunes&Plums, Ex CA, Ton : Fresh 14/ : 441.00 575.00 448.00 476.00 367.00 380.00 Processing 11/ : 145.00 267.00 134.00 162.00 149.00 154.00 : Strawberries, Lb : Fresh 15/ 16/ : 0.604 0.565 0.656 0.740 0.576 0.595 Processing : 0.262 0.204 0.271 0.318 0.263 0.270 : Sugar Crops, Ton 17/ : Sugarbeets : 38.10 45.40 38.80 6/ 40.60 Sugarcane : 29.50 28.30 28.10 6/ 29.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : Commodity and Unit : 1989 : 1990 : 1991 : 1992 : 1993 : 1994 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Tree Nuts 18/ : Almonds, Lb : 1.020 0.930 1.190 1.300 1.940 1.340 Filberts, Ton : 820.00 784.00 726.00 552.00 633.00 835.00 Pecans, All, Ton :1,430.00 2,420.00 2,080.00 2,900.00 1,172.00 2,080.00 Walnuts, Ton :1,070.00 1,040.00 1,060.00 1,410.00 1,390.00 1,030.00 : Vegetables,Fresh, Cwt 15/: Asparagus : 68.20 68.60 78.90 92.00 95.70 100.00 Broccoli 19/ : 21.00 22.30 22.00 23.50 26.60 27.50 Carrots 19/ : 10.30 9.37 11.20 10.80 11.70 12.90 Cauliflower 19/ : 26.10 24.20 26.80 28.10 29.90 28.20 Celery 19/ : 13.20 10.80 10.80 12.30 14.80 11.80 Honeydew Melons : 12.10 18.00 18.40 13.50 18.20 16.40 Lettuce : 12.60 11.50 11.40 12.40 16.00 13.30 Onions 19/ : 11.40 10.50 12.50 13.00 14.30 9.80 Sweet Corn : 16.90 15.00 17.00 14.40 17.80 17.20 Tomatoes : 33.10 27.30 31.70 35.80 31.50 27.40 : Vegetables, Proc. Ton 11/: Asparagus : 955.00 987.00 955.00 948.00 1,007.00 1,050.00 Green Peas : 238.00 249.00 261.00 239.00 251.00 254.00 Snap Beans : 174.00 183.00 176.00 173.00 178.00 166.00 Sweet Corn : 66.90 69.60 71.00 68.20 72.40 68.50 Tomatoes : 69.30 67.80 66.40 70.80 60.10 62.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes on page A-47. -- continued Prices Received by Farmers used to Calculate Parity Prices for Agricultural Commodities, United States, 1989-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : 1988-97: 1989-98 Commodity and Unit : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : Average: Average : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Marketing Year Average Prices 3/ : Tree Nuts 18/ : Almonds, Lb : 2.480 2.080 1.560 1.800 1.490 1.560 Filberts, Ton : 913.00 860.00 899.00 983.00 788.00 801.00 Pecans, All, Ton :2,020.00 1,282.00 1,548.00 2,460.00 1,800.00 1,940.00 Walnuts, Ton :1,400.00 1,580.00 1,430.00 6/ 1,230.00 : Vegetables,Fresh, Cwt 15/: Asparagus : 113.00 92.90 110.00 126.00 89.00 94.50 Broccoli 19/ : 29.30 27.10 29.10 30.80 25.20 25.90 Carrots 19/ : 16.70 13.40 12.90 12.30 12.00 12.20 Cauliflower 19/ : 33.20 32.90 30.60 36.20 28.60 29.60 Celery 19/ : 16.30 10.50 14.70 12.20 12.70 12.70 Honeydew Melons : 20.60 17.00 18.90 20.30 16.80 17.30 Lettuce : 23.50 14.70 17.60 15.20 14.80 14.80 Onions 19/ : 9.90 10.50 10.60 14.30 11.20 11.70 Sweet Corn : 18.30 16.90 17.70 17.60 16.60 16.90 Tomatoes : 25.50 28.10 31.70 35.00 29.90 30.70 : Vegetables, Proc. Ton 11/: Asparagus :1,150.00 1,210.00 1,220.00 1,200.00 1,049.00 1,068.00 Green Peas : 267.00 284.00 288.00 282.00 257.00 261.00 Snap Beans : 173.00 178.00 176.00 169.00 175.00 175.00 Sweet Corn : 75.60 78.50 74.90 73.60 70.60 71.90 Tomatoes : 63.20 62.30 60.70 57.70 64.30 64.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Averages used to compute "adjusted base prices". 1998 and 1989-98 averages are preliminary. 2/ Includes an allowance for price support operations as authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture, January 30, 1956. This entry is omitted for commodities not affected by the adjustment. 3/ Simple average of monthly prices. Due to rounding differences, the 10-year average of these data might differ slightly from the 120-month averages shown in the 1988-97 and 1989- 98 columns. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only starting in 1985), OR (except peaches), and WA. Prices "as sold" for other states. 5/ Unless otherwise noted these prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold. 6/ Not available. 7/ Price for year harvested, from Tobacco Division, AMS. 8/ For 1984 through 1986 the national averages are the support prices. 9/ Average local market price; does not include incentive payment per pound, the 1988-97 and 1989-98 averages for parity purposes include this allowance. 10/ Consistent with legislation quoted in this report, citrus prices shown for 1997 relate to the citrus crop designated as 1997-98 in the production reports. 11/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 12/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 13/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 14/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 15/ Average F.O.B. Shipping point prices. 16/ Includes strawberries for processing in states where the processing crop is not estimated separately. 17/ Prices include average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 18/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 19/ Includes some processing. 20/ Marketing year average prices not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All Farm Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 632 633 650 648 659 639 622 621 625 621 620 616 632 1992 : 617 630 638 627 629 635 630 634 629 617 611 613 626 1993 : 618 623 632 662 657 641 640 648 650 642 650 656 643 1994 : 665 663 664 650 643 636 617 618 617 604 608 627 634 1995 : 623 620 628 630 637 637 646 653 662 661 670 685 646 1996 : 686 676 695 686 709 750 754 746 738 714 699 688 712 1997 : 683 666 685 676 686 683 678 684 680 682 681 667 679 1998 : 653 640 649 661 655 649 645 644 631 631 634 626 643 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 100 100 102 102 104 101 98 98 98 98 98 97 100 1992 : 97 99 100 99 99 100 99 100 99 97 96 96 98 1993 : 97 98 99 104 103 101 101 102 102 101 102 103 101 1994 : 105 104 105 102 101 100 97 97 97 95 96 99 100 1995 : 98 98 99 99 100 100 102 103 104 104 106 108 102 1996 : 108 106 109 108 112 118 119 117 116 112 110 108 112 1997 : 107 105 108 106 108 107 107 108 107 107 107 105 107 1998 : 103 101 102 104 103 102 102 101 99 99 100 99 101 : : All Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 484 482 509 515 541 508 475 482 492 483 494 485 496 1992 : 497 512 534 510 498 509 495 497 494 477 471 476 498 1993 : 474 478 478 528 512 490 503 515 517 508 524 537 505 1994 : 545 545 540 520 528 534 506 499 507 490 498 525 520 1995 : 508 504 528 556 574 559 565 567 564 559 571 584 553 1996 : 597 606 638 634 646 691 674 656 621 589 575 558 624 1997 : 569 558 584 572 581 587 565 575 564 566 567 548 570 1998 : 541 538 548 567 555 527 529 515 498 494 503 494 526 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 98 98 103 104 110 103 96 98 100 98 100 98 101 1992 : 101 104 108 103 101 103 100 101 100 97 95 97 101 1993 : 96 97 97 107 104 99 102 104 105 103 106 109 102 1994 : 111 110 109 106 107 108 103 101 103 99 101 106 105 1995 : 103 102 107 113 116 113 114 115 114 113 116 118 112 1996 : 121 123 129 129 131 140 137 133 126 119 117 113 127 1997 : 115 113 118 116 118 119 115 117 114 115 115 111 116 1998 : 110 109 111 115 113 107 107 104 101 100 102 100 107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Food Grains : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 264 269 282 291 293 277 271 286 306 332 349 368 299 1992 : 375 395 388 379 379 365 337 321 337 336 341 346 358 1993 : 349 337 330 325 316 300 301 310 320 336 369 390 332 1994 : 387 402 411 396 382 348 327 345 374 385 382 387 377 1995 : 382 368 360 358 379 407 434 448 472 489 498 511 426 1996 : 501 505 512 534 584 555 504 487 467 445 437 437 497 1997 : 434 426 431 446 442 382 352 388 399 395 392 379 406 1998 : 369 372 376 361 345 306 283 270 279 319 335 322 328 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 83 85 89 92 92 87 85 90 96 104 110 116 94 1992 : 118 124 122 119 119 115 106 101 106 106 107 109 113 1993 : 110 106 104 102 99 94 95 98 101 106 116 123 105 1994 : 122 126 129 125 120 109 103 109 118 121 120 122 119 1995 : 120 116 113 113 119 128 137 141 148 154 157 161 134 1996 : 158 159 161 168 184 175 159 153 147 140 137 137 157 1997 : 137 134 136 140 139 120 111 122 126 124 123 119 128 1998 : 116 117 118 114 109 96 89 85 88 100 105 101 103 : : Feed Grains and Hay : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 355 361 372 379 371 355 346 353 356 357 355 359 360 1992 : 368 373 376 375 385 375 354 341 334 319 313 315 352 1993 : 323 324 337 348 354 345 354 358 351 359 382 410 354 1994 : 417 427 421 416 413 406 368 354 352 331 322 344 381 1995 : 347 355 364 373 387 393 408 410 414 435 446 468 400 1996 : 474 502 520 568 605 593 607 593 525 444 415 411 521 1997 : 421 423 440 452 442 422 401 407 405 402 399 399 418 1998 : 402 405 405 388 385 374 361 326 307 306 308 319 357 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 99 101 104 106 104 99 97 99 99 100 99 100 101 1992 : 103 104 105 105 108 105 99 95 93 89 87 88 98 1993 : 90 91 94 97 99 97 99 100 98 100 107 115 99 1994 : 117 119 118 116 115 113 103 99 98 92 90 96 106 1995 : 97 99 102 104 108 110 114 115 116 122 125 131 112 1996 : 133 140 146 159 169 166 170 166 147 124 116 115 146 1997 : 118 118 123 127 124 118 112 114 113 112 112 112 117 1998 : 113 113 113 109 108 105 101 91 86 85 86 89 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 549 574 582 587 593 571 560 560 549 532 517 471 554 1992 : 437 421 425 449 450 490 476 445 446 456 445 459 450 1993 : 448 455 476 466 460 453 454 443 434 443 451 478 455 1994 : 530 555 563 571 583 535 496 565 551 560 579 620 559 1995 : 665 678 698 656 644 670 677 610 632 627 634 640 653 1996 : 646 640 649 667 648 650 622 608 605 604 589 586 626 1997 : 574 576 586 571 577 567 571 566 588 587 574 539 573 1998 : 516 528 540 538 537 589 575 560 567 561 550 513 548 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 107 112 114 115 116 111 109 109 107 104 101 92 108 1992 : 85 82 83 88 88 96 93 87 87 89 87 90 88 1993 : 87 89 93 91 90 88 89 86 85 86 88 93 89 1994 : 103 108 110 111 114 104 97 110 108 109 113 121 109 1995 : 130 132 136 128 126 131 132 119 123 122 124 125 127 1996 : 126 125 127 130 127 127 121 119 118 118 115 114 122 1997 : 112 112 114 112 113 111 111 111 115 115 112 105 112 1998 : 101 103 105 105 105 115 112 109 111 110 107 100 107 : : Tobacco 2/ : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 1557 1643 1526 1617 1422 1448 1552 1548 1583 1570 1547 1992 : 1552 1670 1517 1374 1361 1439 1587 1583 1591 1587 1526 1993 : 1574 1739 1604 1370 1370 1383 1496 1517 1574 1578 1521 1994 : 1596 1752 1478 1478 1309 1391 1539 1570 1609 1596 1532 1995 : 1630 1709 1491 1326 1526 1535 1591 1574 1600 1604 1559 1996 : 1652 1791 1517 1396 1391 1517 1643 1661 1674 1674 1592 1997 : 1678 1661 1678 1374 1387 1526 1552 1604 1670 1570 1998 : 1670 1665 1574 1474 1417 1409 1557 1622 1657 1661 1571 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 103 109 101 107 94 96 103 102 105 104 102 1992 : 103 110 100 91 90 95 105 105 105 105 101 1993 : 104 115 106 91 91 91 99 100 104 104 101 1994 : 105 116 98 98 86 92 102 104 106 105 101 1995 : 108 113 99 88 101 101 105 104 106 106 103 1996 : 109 118 100 92 92 100 109 110 111 111 105 1997 : 111 110 111 91 92 101 103 106 110 104 1998 : 110 110 104 97 94 93 103 107 109 110 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. 2/ Missing data indicates insufficient sales volume to establish a price. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Oil-Bearing Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 561 556 564 564 554 544 524 551 539 524 511 517 542 1992 : 537 543 552 552 572 578 545 527 534 518 530 539 544 1993 : 546 545 553 560 568 577 641 639 598 582 620 652 590 1994 : 658 658 661 645 663 660 580 547 541 519 531 534 600 1995 : 534 527 539 543 543 556 577 569 568 586 619 653 568 1996 : 659 682 683 725 750 726 744 755 686 649 656 680 700 1997 : 695 719 775 801 817 792 731 700 620 615 655 656 715 1998 : 652 642 626 613 614 609 606 538 510 511 551 556 586 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 103 102 103 103 101 100 96 101 99 96 93 95 99 1992 : 98 99 101 101 105 106 100 96 98 95 97 98 100 1993 : 100 100 101 102 104 105 117 117 109 106 113 119 108 1994 : 120 120 121 118 121 121 106 100 99 95 97 98 110 1995 : 98 96 98 99 99 102 105 104 104 107 113 119 104 1996 : 120 125 125 132 137 133 136 138 125 119 120 124 128 1997 : 127 131 142 146 149 145 134 128 113 112 120 120 131 1998 : 119 117 114 112 112 111 111 98 93 93 101 102 107 : : Fruit and Nuts : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 678 706 749 774 810 933 784 780 862 807 775 725 782 1992 : 734 743 759 723 686 700 645 711 705 667 640 558 689 1993 : 500 501 481 511 564 677 706 786 845 833 741 602 646 1994 : 550 551 583 603 641 678 698 715 733 678 616 534 632 1995 : 515 514 533 569 708 730 773 885 822 790 692 629 680 1996 : 660 666 729 700 798 933 910 912 1006 979 872 717 824 1997 : 647 627 674 617 740 886 886 879 913 838 743 624 756 1998 : 558 607 655 705 773 850 935 1014 942 912 866 694 793 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 97 101 107 111 116 134 112 112 123 116 111 104 112 1992 : 105 106 109 104 98 100 92 102 101 96 92 80 99 1993 : 72 72 69 73 81 97 101 113 121 119 106 86 93 1994 : 79 79 84 86 92 97 100 102 105 97 88 76 90 1995 : 74 74 76 81 101 105 111 127 118 113 99 90 97 1996 : 95 95 104 100 114 134 130 131 144 140 125 103 118 1997 : 93 90 97 88 106 127 127 126 131 120 106 89 108 1998 : 80 87 94 101 111 122 134 145 135 131 124 99 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Commercial Vegetables : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 633 559 762 715 877 732 611 588 599 587 727 588 665 1992 : 648 789 961 706 623 631 679 757 771 836 731 812 745 1993 : 807 841 731 1112 856 677 710 741 757 642 696 851 785 1994 : 775 755 623 586 649 694 654 631 699 784 828 1094 731 1995 : 803 772 989 1161 1037 808 653 680 781 651 658 678 806 1996 : 631 742 986 818 691 774 661 775 679 727 747 643 740 1997 : 753 717 813 767 743 785 761 836 796 985 951 907 818 1998 : 832 779 831 1024 847 713 801 738 742 882 720 737 804 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 95 84 114 107 131 109 91 88 90 88 109 88 100 1992 : 97 118 144 106 93 94 102 113 115 125 109 121 111 1993 : 121 126 109 166 128 101 106 111 113 96 104 127 117 1994 : 116 113 93 88 97 104 98 94 105 117 124 164 109 1995 : 120 116 148 174 155 121 98 102 117 97 98 101 121 1996 : 94 111 147 122 103 116 99 116 102 109 112 96 111 1997 : 113 107 122 115 111 118 114 125 119 147 142 136 122 1998 : 125 117 124 153 127 107 120 110 111 132 108 110 120 : : Potatoes and Dry Beans : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 483 481 529 595 665 619 664 460 394 368 367 381 501 1992 : 363 364 404 443 393 408 573 561 454 428 465 472 444 1993 : 477 477 528 601 599 540 621 532 474 469 593 562 539 1994 : 565 580 670 599 591 595 661 567 469 448 460 462 556 1995 : 466 450 484 505 529 612 729 586 497 539 548 547 541 1996 : 564 589 633 668 696 707 700 521 482 461 452 434 576 1997 : 426 431 433 433 477 431 499 544 440 433 457 477 457 1998 : 501 519 542 539 565 530 525 470 448 416 450 472 498 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 95 95 105 118 131 122 131 91 78 73 73 75 99 1992 : 72 72 80 88 78 81 113 111 90 85 92 93 88 1993 : 94 94 104 119 118 107 123 105 94 93 117 111 107 1994 : 112 115 132 118 117 118 131 112 93 89 91 91 110 1995 : 92 89 96 100 105 121 144 116 98 106 108 108 107 1996 : 111 116 125 132 138 140 138 103 95 91 89 86 114 1997 : 84 85 86 85 94 85 99 107 87 85 90 94 90 1998 : 99 102 107 106 112 105 104 93 89 82 89 93 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Other Crops : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 478 1992 : 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 502 1993 : 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 510 1994 : 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 1995 : 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 1996 : 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 1997 : 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 1998 : 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 532 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 1992 : 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 1993 : 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 1994 : 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 1995 : 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 1996 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 1997 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 1998 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 : : Food Commodities : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 99 99 102 102 104 101 98 98 98 97 97 97 99 1992 : 96 99 100 98 98 99 99 101 100 98 98 97 99 1993 : 98 99 100 105 104 101 101 103 103 102 103 102 102 1994 : 102 102 103 100 99 98 96 97 96 94 94 96 98 1995 : 95 95 97 97 99 98 100 101 102 100 100 103 99 1996 : 102 101 105 102 106 113 113 113 113 111 109 106 108 1997 : 105 102 106 104 106 106 106 108 106 106 106 103 105 1998 : 100 98 100 103 102 101 101 103 100 101 101 99 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Livestock and Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 775 774 781 770 764 758 761 750 744 749 729 732 757 1992 : 719 737 729 734 748 749 754 760 751 750 744 740 743 1993 : 755 760 778 784 791 785 766 769 766 756 755 746 768 1994 : 754 765 775 768 742 718 709 721 700 687 690 692 727 1995 : 711 720 711 687 675 688 694 708 717 706 722 737 706 1996 : 718 717 719 713 741 765 786 794 809 790 786 789 761 1997 : 753 751 761 761 766 747 763 761 756 741 753 747 755 1998 : 725 718 726 731 730 751 736 755 748 752 745 741 738 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 101 101 102 100 100 99 99 98 97 98 95 95 99 1992 : 94 96 95 96 97 98 98 99 98 98 97 96 97 1993 : 98 99 101 102 103 102 100 100 100 99 98 97 100 1994 : 98 100 101 100 97 94 92 94 91 89 90 90 95 1995 : 93 94 93 89 88 90 90 92 93 92 94 96 92 1996 : 94 93 94 93 97 100 102 104 105 103 102 103 99 1997 : 98 98 99 99 100 97 99 99 99 97 98 97 98 1998 : 94 94 95 95 95 98 96 98 97 98 97 97 96 : : Meat Animals : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 1067 1085 1098 1092 1085 1064 1039 993 971 974 922 911 1025 1992 : 921 976 971 980 992 982 976 987 972 974 955 960 971 1993 : 1009 1030 1056 1054 1058 1037 1005 1014 1002 975 957 936 1011 1994 : 967 990 997 986 933 884 883 913 854 836 839 841 910 1995 : 907 931 902 856 835 859 861 865 866 840 834 854 868 1996 : 832 839 841 820 853 869 907 923 936 920 918 920 882 1997 : 913 918 937 956 982 952 963 952 935 910 899 881 933 1998 : 851 830 833 856 887 872 807 791 745 763 727 674 803 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 105 107 108 107 107 105 102 98 96 96 91 90 101 1992 : 91 96 96 96 98 97 96 97 96 96 94 94 96 1993 : 99 101 104 104 104 102 99 100 99 96 94 92 100 1994 : 95 97 98 97 92 87 87 90 84 82 83 83 90 1995 : 89 92 89 84 82 85 85 85 85 83 82 84 85 1996 : 82 82 83 81 84 85 89 91 92 91 90 90 87 1997 : 90 90 92 94 97 94 95 94 92 89 88 87 92 1998 : 84 82 82 84 87 86 79 78 73 75 72 66 79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Indexes of Prices Received by Months and Annual Average, United States, 1991-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year : Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr: May: Jun: Jul: Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dairy Products : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 719 713 701 694 694 701 725 762 787 830 854 848 752 1992 : 823 793 768 774 787 811 823 830 830 823 805 787 805 1993 : 768 750 750 774 793 799 787 762 787 805 836 830 787 1994 : 836 823 830 823 787 774 750 762 787 799 805 787 797 1995 : 774 768 774 756 756 744 737 762 787 823 860 854 783 1996 : 866 854 848 854 879 910 946 977 1014 1008 934 879 914 1997 : 830 823 836 811 780 750 744 780 805 866 903 910 820 1998 : 903 903 885 860 811 860 866 946 1020 1082 1100 1106 945 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 90 89 87 87 87 87 90 95 98 103 106 106 94 1992 : 103 99 96 96 98 101 103 103 103 103 100 98 100 1993 : 96 93 93 96 99 100 98 95 98 100 104 103 98 1994 : 104 103 103 103 98 96 93 95 98 100 100 98 99 1995 : 96 96 96 94 94 93 92 95 98 103 107 106 98 1996 : 108 106 106 106 109 113 118 122 126 126 116 109 114 1997 : 103 103 104 101 97 93 93 97 100 108 113 113 102 1998 : 113 113 110 107 101 107 108 118 127 135 137 138 118 : : Poultry and Eggs : : 1910-14=100 : 1991 : 287 277 290 279 273 275 286 286 283 274 268 277 280 1992 : 262 258 258 258 271 270 280 283 277 280 291 281 272 1993 : 278 278 294 298 299 300 295 305 299 299 301 295 295 1994 : 289 294 302 300 310 308 304 300 301 294 290 287 298 1995 : 283 280 282 281 274 284 296 315 324 319 336 329 300 1996 : 329 318 315 315 326 344 343 345 346 341 355 361 337 1997 : 335 324 318 313 314 313 333 330 325 303 314 300 319 1998 : 296 292 303 306 301 324 341 370 361 356 349 336 328 : : 1990-92=100 : 1991 : 102 98 103 99 97 98 102 102 100 97 95 99 99 1992 : 93 92 92 92 96 96 100 101 98 100 103 100 97 1993 : 99 99 105 106 106 107 105 108 106 106 107 105 105 1994 : 103 104 107 107 110 110 108 107 107 104 103 102 106 1995 : 101 100 100 100 97 101 105 112 115 113 119 117 107 1996 : 117 113 112 112 116 122 122 123 123 121 126 128 120 1997 : 119 115 113 111 112 111 118 117 116 108 112 107 113 1998 : 105 104 108 109 107 115 121 132 128 127 124 120 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-92 average equals 100. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices". Reliability: U.S. price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Prices Paid by Farmers The January Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 114 (1990-92=100), 0.9 percent more than December 1998 but 2.6 percent below January 1998. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for January, at 111, was up 0.9 percent from last month but 4.3 percent below last year. Since December, higher prices for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, hay and forages, and complete feeds more than offset lower prices for diesel fuel, gasoline, nitrogen fertilizers, and feed concentrates. Feed: At 97, the feed index was 1.0 percent more than December but 17 percent less than last January. Since December, higher prices for hay and forages and complete feeds more than offset lower prices for feed concentrates and supplements. Livestock and Poultry: The index for livestock and poultry purchases, at 90, was 5.9 percent higher than than last month but 4.3 percent below last year. Since December, prices were higher for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, and dairy cows. The feeder cattle and calf price, at $75.50 per cwt, was up $3.80 from December. Fertilizer: The fertilizer index, at 105, was down 1.9 percent from December and 8.7 percent less than January a year ago. Since December, prices were lower for nitrogen fertilizers, potash and phosphate materials, and mixed fertilizers. Agricultural Chemicals: At 122, the chemical index was unchanged from last month but 0.8 percent less than January 1998. Slightly lower prices in January for insecticides were offset by slightly higher prices for herbicides. Fuels: The fuels index, at 62, was down 14 percent from a month earlier and 37 percent below January 1998. Compared to last month, prices were lower for diesel fuel, gasoline, and LP gas. Farm Machinery: The January farm machinery index was 133, unchanged from December but 2.3 percent above last January. Since December, slightly lower prices for other machinery offset slightly higher prices for self-propelled machinery. Consumer Price Index: The December 1998 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) declined 0.1 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 163.9 (1982-84=100). This compares to the November index of 164.0. For the 12-month period ending in December, the overall index has increased 1.6 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, January 1999 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : Jan : Dec : Jan : Jan : Dec : Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) : 1561 *1511 1522 117 *113 114 Production : 1122 *1064 1072 116 110 111 Feed : 573 *469 470 117 *96 97 Livestock and Poultry : 1196 *1090 1148 94 85 90 Seeds : 1186 1216 1216 120 123 123 Fertilizer : 421 391 385 115 107 105 Agricultural Chemicals : 758 *753 752 123 *122 122 Fuels : 764 *553 478 99 *72 62 Supplies & Repairs : 836 *849 849 118 120 120 Autos & Trucks : 3169 *3173 3186 119 *119 120 Farm Machinery : 3265 *3336 3336 130 133 133 Building Material : 1600 *1602 1602 118 118 118 Farm Services & Rent : 1422 1418 1446 Farm Services : 116 116 116 Rent : 124 124 130 Interest 1/ : 2702 *2701 2783 108 108 111 Taxes 2/ : 3185 3185 3276 119 119 122 Wage Rates : 4917 4911 4911 131 131 131 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) : 1566 *1500 1515 117 112 113 Family Living-CPI 3/ : 1535 *1557 1557 120 122 122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : 88 *88 86 Parity Ratio 4/ : 42 41 41 Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : 45 *44 43 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 6/ : 1049 *1042 1041 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : 119 118 119 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 115 *109 110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : 109 96 98 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 119 *116 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.057 for 1999 and the revised factor is 1.065 for 1998. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Selected Production Input Sub-Components United States, January 1999 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :----------------------------- Index : 5-Year Moving Average : 1998 : 1999 :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : Jan : Dec : Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent --- ----- (1990-92=100) ---- : Production Items : 67.0 67.4 116 110 111 : Feed : 11.6 11.6 117 *96 96 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.1 109 *85 85 Complete Feeds : 5.1 5.1 119 *104 106 Hay/Forages : 1.3 1.3 127 103 104 Concentrates : 1.8 1.8 119 *96 94 Supplements : 1.3 1.3 114 *74 74 Livestock & Poultry : 7.5 7.2 94 85 90 Feeder Cattle : 5.9 5.6 95 85 89 Feeder Pigs : 0.6 0.6 68 *55 62 Milk Cow Replacements : 0.6 0.6 95 105 111 Poultry : 0.4 0.4 106 106 106 Seeds : 2.8 2.8 120 123 123 Field Crops : 2.5 2.6 119 123 123 Grasses/Legumes : 0.3 0.2 130 123 123 Fertilizer : 4.8 4.9 115 107 105 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.1 117 114 114 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.0 114 95 92 Potash & Phosphate : 0.7 0.8 112 *116 115 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.7 3.8 123 *122 122 Herbicides : 2.4 2.4 120 119 120 Insecticides : 0.8 0.9 135 *134 132 Fungicides/Other : 0.5 0.5 117 114 114 Fuels : 2.7 2.7 99 *72 62 Diesel : 1.4 1.4 92 *66 56 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 108 *79 68 LP Gas : 0.3 0.3 101 *77 73 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.4 5.6 118 120 120 Supplies : 1.8 1.9 114 115 115 Repairs : 3.6 3.7 120 122 122 Autos & Trucks : 1.4 1.4 119 *119 120 Autos : 0.2 0.2 114 113 114 Trucks : 1.2 1.2 120 *120 121 Farm Machinery : 4.1 4.0 130 133 133 Tractors : 0.9 0.9 129 131 131 Self-Propelled : 1.6 1.6 129 *133 133 Other Machinery : 1.6 1.5 132 134 134 Building Materials : 2.7 2.8 118 118 118 Farm Services : 12.2 12.4 116 116 116 Custom Rates : 1.3 1.3 115 117 117 Other Services : 10.9 11.1 116 115 116 Rent : 8.1 8.2 124 124 130 Cash : 3.6 3.7 140 140 141 Share : 4.5 4.5 111 111 121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Feed Price Ratios: United States, January 1999 With Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :--------------------------- : Jan : Dec : Jan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight : 4.5 *6.7 6.6 : Market Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs : 10.1 *12.8 12.0 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 14.1 *7.3 12.8 : Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk : *2.77 *4.27 4.22 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : 25.8 *30.0 31.0 : Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 5.4 *7.7 6.6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. * Revised. Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios United States, January 1999 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 Commodity : Unit :------------------------------------------ : : Jan : Dec : Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Broilers, Live : Lb : .331 .390 .379 : : Eggs, Market : Doz : *.625 .629 .582 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 36.00 14.70 25.70 : : Milk, All : Cwt : 14.70 *18.00 17.70 : : Steers and Heifers : Cwt : 66.10 60.30 62.40 : : Turkeys, Live : Lb : .355 .411 .348 : : Corn : Bu : 2.56 *2.01 2.01 : : Hay, Alfalfa, Baled : Ton : 102.00 81.40 81.40 : : Soybeans : Bu : 6.69 *5.37 5.22 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 3.32 *2.87 2.86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Feeder Livestock and Poultry: Prices Paid, With Comparisons United States, January 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 ITEM : Unit :---------------------------------------- : : Jan : Dec : Jan ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : *80.50 71.70 75.50 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feeder Pigs: Prices Paid, Major States, November 1998 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Dollars Per Cwt : : State : Dollars Per Cwt --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GA : 35.00 : : MO : 36.00 IL : 42.50 : : NE : 46.00 IN : 48.00 : : NC : 35.00 IA : 52.00 : : OH : 50.00 KS : 33.50 : : PA : 25.00 KY : 22.00 : : SD : 37.00 MI : 53.00 : : WI : 48.00 MN : 63.00 : : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on survey data reported by producers for entire month, except Kentucky where administrative data were used. Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle by Selected States and Regions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Survey Average Rates 1/ :-------------------------------------------------------------- State : Animal Unit 2/ : Cow-Calf : Per Head :-------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Month : AZ : 6.50 6.70 8.50 9.50 7.90 8.30 : CA : 10.60 11.50 13.00 14.50 12.00 12.90 : CO : 11.30 11.80 13.60 13.90 10.60 11.50 : ID : 10.40 10.80 12.50 12.80 11.20 11.50 : KS : 10.50 12.90 12.80 14.80 9.80 11.90 : MT : 12.30 12.60 13.90 14.30 13.20 13.30 : NE : 18.80 19.00 22.20 23.00 18.50 19.00 : NV : 9.00 9.10 12.00 12.00 9.50 9.70 : NM : 8.79 8.80 10.30 9.75 9.00 9.70 : ND : 9.30 10.20 11.00 11.40 10.00 11.10 : OK : 8.00 9.00 8.70 9.50 7.50 8.00 : OR : 10.20 11.10 11.50 12.80 9.85 11.40 : SD : 14.00 14.20 16.40 16.50 14.40 14.80 : TX : 9.00 9.00 10.00 9.50 8.00 9.00 : UT : 9.00 10.00 11.10 11.30 11.00 11.10 : WA : 9.00 10.00 9.60 10.50 9.30 10.50 : WY : 12.00 11.90 14.00 13.80 12.20 12.30 : 17-State 3/ : 11.00 11.40 12.70 13.00 10.80 11.60 : 16-State 4/ : 11.70 12.30 13.70 14.30 11.80 12.50 : 11-State 5/ : 10.70 11.10 12.60 13.00 11.30 11.80 : 9-State 6/ : 11.00 11.50 12.80 13.00 10.60 11.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The average rates are estimates (rates over $10.00 are rounded to the nearest dime) based on survey indications of monthly lease rates for private, non- irrigated grazing land from the January Agricultural Survey. 2/ Includes animal unit plus cow-calf rates. Cow-calf rate converted to animal unit (AUM) using (1 aum=cow-calf *0.833). 3/ Seventeen State: All States. 4/ Sixteen State: All States except Texas. 5/ Eleven State: AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY. 6/ Nine State: CO, KS, NE, NM, ND, OK, SD, TX, WY. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : (PPITW) : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1442 1441 1444 1445 1444 1448 1450 1451 1454 1459 1465 1477 1452 1996 :1496 1497 1504 1517 1528 1527 1530 1532 1535 1527 1524 1527 1520 1997 :1545 1550 1557 1563 1568 1562 1555 1556 1562 1560 1562 1558 1558 1998 :1561 1555 1546 1549 1543 1536 1528 1519 1507 1517 1516 1511 1532 1999 :1522 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 108 108 108 109 108 109 109 109 109 110 110 111 109 1996 : 112 112 113 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 114 115 114 1997 : 116 116 117 117 118 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 1998 : 117 117 116 116 116 115 115 114 113 114 114 113 115 1999 : 114 : : Items Used for Production, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : (PITW) : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1445 1442 1445 1445 1443 1448 1450 1451 1454 1459 1466 1481 1453 1996 :1502 1503 1510 1524 1537 1536 1538 1541 1543 1533 1528 1531 1527 1997 :1552 1557 1565 1572 1578 1571 1562 1562 1569 1565 1568 1564 1566 1998 :1566 1559 1548 1550 1543 1534 1524 1512 1497 1508 1507 1500 1529 1999 :1515 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 108 107 108 108 107 108 108 108 108 109 109 110 108 1996 : 112 112 112 113 114 114 115 115 115 114 114 114 114 1997 : 116 116 116 117 117 117 116 116 117 117 117 116 117 1998 : 117 116 115 115 115 114 113 113 111 112 112 112 114 1999 : 113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Items Used for Production : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1040 1038 1040 1045 1044 1048 1045 1045 1048 1055 1061 1075 1049 1996 :1083 1083 1090 1104 1116 1115 1121 1123 1125 1109 1105 1107 1107 1997 :1119 1124 1130 1139 1144 1138 1133 1133 1140 1128 1131 1127 1132 1998 :1122 1115 1105 1110 1103 1095 1090 1080 1067 1071 1069 1064 1091 1999 :1073 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 107 107 107 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 109 111 108 1996 : 112 112 112 114 115 115 116 116 116 114 114 114 114 1997 : 115 116 116 117 118 117 117 117 117 116 117 116 117 1998 : 116 115 114 114 114 113 112 111 110 110 110 110 112 1999 : 111 : : Feed : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 472 466 475 488 482 484 493 501 508 528 552 579 502 1996 : 593 599 609 638 673 670 683 678 660 604 583 584 631 1997 : 587 592 617 622 631 613 586 589 605 582 589 590 600 1998 : 573 558 546 544 526 514 518 493 467 462 468 469 511 1999 : 470 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 97 95 97 100 99 99 101 103 104 108 113 119 103 1996 : 121 123 125 131 138 137 140 139 135 124 119 120 129 1997 : 120 121 126 127 129 126 120 121 124 119 121 121 123 1998 : 117 114 112 111 108 105 106 101 96 95 96 96 105 1999 : 96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Livestock and Poultry : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1170 1125 1073 1050 1025 1055 1029 1022 1016 1017 985 1006 1048 1996 : 938 928 916 876 888 929 954 989 1019 1009 1043 1047 961 1997 :1088 1130 1139 1205 1226 1220 1282 1242 1231 1209 1198 1218 1199 1998 :1196 1206 1167 1199 1169 1121 1059 1064 1017 1091 1097 1090 1123 1999 :1148 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 92 88 84 82 80 83 81 80 79 80 77 79 82 1996 : 73 73 72 69 70 73 75 77 80 79 82 82 75 1997 : 85 88 89 94 96 95 100 97 96 95 94 95 94 1998 : 94 94 91 94 91 88 83 83 80 85 86 85 88 1999 : 90 : : Seeds : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1092 1092 1092 1087 1087 1087 1087 1087 1087 1087 1087 1087 1088 1996 :1087 1087 1087 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1161 1142 1997 :1161 1161 1161 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1186 1179 1998 :1186 1186 1186 1216 1216 1216 1216 1216 1216 1216 1216 1216 1208 1999 :1216 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 1996 : 110 110 110 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 115 1997 : 117 117 117 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 120 120 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 122 1999 : 123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fertilizer : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 420 432 442 462 462 459 448 435 434 436 445 452 444 1996 : 466 471 478 476 468 457 444 440 441 448 449 455 458 1997 : 455 457 457 455 453 445 439 438 436 431 428 423 443 1998 : 421 420 416 416 420 421 418 411 406 402 396 391 412 1999 : 385 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 115 118 121 126 126 125 122 119 118 119 121 123 121 1996 : 127 128 130 130 128 125 121 120 120 122 123 124 125 1997 : 124 125 125 124 123 122 120 119 119 118 117 116 121 1998 : 115 114 114 114 115 115 114 112 111 110 108 107 112 1999 : 105 : : Agricultural Chemicals : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 707 713 711 710 710 713 715 717 720 721 723 726 716 1996 : 732 734 736 734 729 730 724 732 741 739 739 741 734 1997 : 743 729 730 738 740 739 737 737 743 748 753 753 741 1998 : 758 753 753 753 750 753 752 757 756 759 754 753 754 1999 : 752 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 114 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 116 117 117 117 116 1996 : 118 119 119 119 118 118 117 118 120 120 120 120 119 1997 : 120 118 118 119 120 120 119 119 120 121 122 122 120 1998 : 123 122 122 122 121 122 122 122 122 123 122 122 122 1999 : 122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fuels : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 714 714 729 706 725 705 659 661 672 660 649 660 688 1996 : 691 668 706 810 819 752 757 767 833 882 887 900 789 1997 : 891 876 814 807 797 789 767 830 850 867 877 822 832 1998 : 764 732 690 699 726 677 659 638 662 663 640 553 675 1999 : 478 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 93 92 94 91 94 91 85 86 87 85 84 86 89 1996 : 90 87 91 105 106 97 98 99 108 114 115 117 102 1997 : 115 113 106 105 103 102 99 108 110 112 114 107 108 1998 : 99 95 89 91 94 88 85 83 86 86 83 72 87 1999 : 62 : : Farm Supplies and Repairs : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 787 790 792 795 798 798 800 800 800 805 805 806 798 1996 : 810 811 813 817 814 815 815 818 818 820 821 820 816 1997 : 825 829 831 834 837 836 838 837 838 837 839 838 835 1998 : 836 837 838 841 841 841 842 846 845 850 850 849 843 1999 : 849 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 111 111 112 112 112 112 113 113 113 113 113 114 112 1996 : 114 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 115 1997 : 116 117 117 117 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 1998 : 118 118 118 119 119 118 119 119 119 120 120 120 119 1999 : 120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Autos and Trucks : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :3025 3031 3035 3045 3050 3051 3045 3041 3055 3077 3085 3100 3053 1996 :3114 3118 3111 3120 3119 3120 3115 3109 3117 3135 3166 3166 3126 1997 :3175 3188 3186 3180 3164 3154 3148 3135 3134 3152 3158 3160 3161 1998 :3169 3170 3170 3171 3147 3125 3133 3138 3133 3133 3160 3173 3152 1999 :3186 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 114 114 114 114 115 115 115 114 115 116 116 117 115 1996 : 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 118 119 119 118 1997 : 119 120 120 120 119 119 118 118 118 119 119 119 119 1998 : 119 119 119 119 118 118 118 118 118 118 119 119 119 1999 : 120 : : Farm Machinery : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :2977 2978 2980 2986 2991 2995 2998 3002 3012 3039 3072 3073 3009 1996 :3092 3096 3100 3111 3113 3114 3129 3135 3142 3161 3169 3176 3128 1997 :3181 3185 3188 3196 3208 3216 3225 3237 3250 3295 3304 3257 3228 1998 :3265 3278 3290 3300 3301 3300 3301 3303 3303 3339 3337 3336 3304 1999 :3336 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 120 120 121 122 123 120 1996 : 123 123 124 124 124 124 125 125 125 126 126 127 125 1997 : 127 127 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 131 132 130 129 1998 : 130 131 131 132 132 132 132 132 132 133 133 133 132 1999 : 133 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Building Materials : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1536 1541 1549 1554 1554 1552 1559 1562 1564 1560 1555 1553 1553 1996 :1551 1552 1554 1558 1569 1574 1571 1575 1583 1577 1584 1582 1569 1997 :1585 1593 1598 1605 1609 1607 1609 1608 1605 1600 1602 1602 1602 1998 :1600 1604 1602 1607 1607 1604 1607 1610 1609 1604 1602 1602 1605 1999 :1602 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 113 113 114 114 114 114 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 1996 : 114 114 114 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 117 116 115 1997 : 117 117 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 1998 : 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 119 118 118 118 118 118 1999 : 118 : : Farm Services and Rent 2/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1361 1364 1369 1369 1374 1384 1385 1387 1386 1381 1377 1375 1376 1996 :1393 1392 1392 1390 1390 1396 1401 1401 1401 1395 1390 1390 1394 1997 :1408 1408 1409 1407 1409 1419 1420 1419 1421 1410 1410 1407 1412 1998 :1422 1420 1420 1419 1421 1430 1434 1431 1429 1423 1418 1418 1424 1999 :1446 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ For the 1990-92=100 period, the Farm Services and Rent Index is separated. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Services : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 113 114 114 114 115 117 117 117 117 116 115 115 115 1996 : 116 115 116 115 115 116 117 117 117 116 115 115 116 1997 : 116 116 116 116 116 117 118 117 118 116 116 116 117 1998 : 116 116 116 116 116 117 118 117 117 116 116 116 116 1999 : 116 : : Rent : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 116 1996 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 1997 : 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 1998 : 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 1999 : 130 : : Interest : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 2524 1996 :2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643 1997 :2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 2679 1998 :2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2702 2701 2702 1999 :2783 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 1996 : 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 1997 : 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 1998 : 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 1999 : 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Taxes : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 2915 1996 :3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 3001 1997 :3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 3093 1998 :3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 3185 1999 :3276 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 1996 : 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 1997 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 1998 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 1999 : 122 : : Wage Rates : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :4349 4349 4349 4161 4161 4161 4349 4349 4349 4252 4252 4252 4278 1996 :4452 4452 4452 4368 4368 4368 4232 4232 4232 4504 4504 4504 4389 1997 :4652 4652 4652 4549 4549 4549 4446 4446 4446 4723 4723 4723 4593 1998 :4917 4917 4917 4846 4846 4846 4678 4678 4678 4911 4911 4911 4838 1999 :4911 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 116 116 116 111 111 111 116 116 116 114 114 114 114 1996 : 119 119 119 117 117 117 113 113 113 120 120 120 117 1997 : 124 124 124 122 122 122 119 119 119 126 126 126 123 1998 : 131 131 131 130 130 130 125 125 125 131 131 131 129 1999 : 131 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Family Living : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 :1428 1433 1438 1443 1446 1448 1448 1452 1455 1460 1459 1458 1447 1996 :1466 1471 1479 1484 1487 1488 1491 1494 1499 1503 1506 1506 1490 1997 :1511 1516 1520 1522 1521 1522 1524 1527 1531 1535 1534 1532 1525 1998 :1535 1538 1541 1543 1546 1548 1550 1552 1554 1558 1558 1557 1548 1999 :1557 : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 111 112 112 113 113 113 113 113 114 114 114 114 113 1996 : 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 118 118 116 1997 : 118 118 119 119 119 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 120 120 121 121 121 121 121 121 122 122 122 121 1999 : 122 : : Production Items With Farm Origin 2/ : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 96 94 94 95 93 94 94 95 96 98 99 103 96 1996 : 102 102 103 106 110 111 113 113 112 106 105 105 107 1997 : 107 109 112 115 116 114 113 112 114 110 111 112 112 1998 : 109 108 106 107 104 101 100 98 94 95 96 96 101 1999 : 98 : : Production Items With Non-Farm Origin 3/ : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 113 113 114 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 115 115 114 1996 : 116 116 117 118 118 117 117 117 118 118 118 119 117 1997 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 119 1998 : 119 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 117 116 118 1999 : 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ Feed, livestock and poultry purchases, and seed. 3/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, farm supplies and repairs, autos and trucks, farm machinery, building materials, and farm services and rent. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crop Sector (PPITW) : : 1990-92 = 100 : : 1995 : 111 112 112 112 112 112 113 112 113 112 113 113 112 1996 : 115 115 115 116 116 116 115 116 116 117 117 117 116 1997 : 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 119 119 118 118 1998 : 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 118 118 119 118 118 119 1999 : 119 : : Livestock Sector (PPITW) : : 1990-92 = 100 : : 1995 : 106 105 105 105 105 106 106 106 106 107 108 109 106 1996 : 110 110 111 112 114 114 114 115 115 113 112 113 113 1997 : 114 114 115 116 117 116 116 116 116 115 116 116 116 1998 : 115 115 114 114 113 112 111 110 109 109 110 109 112 1999 : 110 : : Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates : : Adjusted for Productivity : : 1910-14 = 100 : : 1995 : 978 979 980 969 970 971 983 984 985 980 981 984 979 1996 :1011 1012 1014 1012 1015 1015 1007 1008 1009 1026 1025 1026 1015 1997 :1026 1028 1030 1025 1025 1025 1017 1018 1019 1037 1037 1036 1027 1998 :1049 1048 1047 1042 1043 1042 1030 1028 1026 1043 1043 1042 1040 1999 :1041 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Indexes: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Parity Ratio 2/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 46 46 46 47 45 1996 : 46 45 46 45 46 49 49 49 48 47 46 45 47 1997 : 44 43 44 43 44 44 44 44 43 44 44 43 44 1998 : 42 41 42 43 43 42 42 42 42 42 42 41 42 1999 : 41 : : Adjusted Parity Ratio 3/ : : 1910-14 = 100 : 1995 : 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 47 47 47 48 48 46 1996 : 48 47 48 47 48 51 51 50 50 48 47 47 49 1997 : 46 45 46 45 45 45 45 46 45 45 45 44 45 1998 : 45 44 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 44 44 44 45 1999 : 43 : : Ratio : : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 91 91 92 91 93 92 94 94 96 95 96 97 94 1996 : 96 95 96 95 97 103 103 102 101 97 96 94 98 1997 : 92 91 92 91 92 91 91 91 91 91 91 90 91 1998 : 88 86 88 90 89 89 89 89 88 87 88 88 88 1999 : 86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid for commodities and services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. 3/ Ratio of the index of prices received by farmers after adjustment for govenment payments to the index of prices paid for commodities and services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feed Sub-Components : : Feed Grains : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 93 95 98 100 103 109 114 113 116 121 125 134 110 1996 : 135 146 152 167 179 178 185 178 150 122 113 111 151 1997 : 114 113 118 118 114 109 104 107 107 108 107 107 111 1998 : 109 109 108 102 100 98 94 82 78 81 82 85 94 1999 : 85 : : Complete Feeds : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 98 97 98 97 96 97 99 101 102 106 111 116 101 1996 : 121 121 122 125 132 133 134 134 136 128 122 122 128 1997 : 121 122 125 126 128 127 124 123 125 122 122 122 124 1998 : 119 115 114 115 111 111 112 110 103 101 103 104 110 1999 : 106 : : Hay and Forages : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 108 107 108 111 113 105 105 104 103 103 103 102 106 1996 : 103 103 105 114 123 120 120 118 117 116 117 117 114 1997 : 126 131 135 137 142 134 123 124 125 129 128 125 130 1998 : 127 124 125 126 128 117 114 116 112 110 106 103 117 1999 : 104 : : Concentrates : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 89 85 87 96 90 90 89 95 97 102 110 114 95 1996 : 119 115 115 120 121 117 121 124 132 118 116 118 120 1997 : 117 120 130 135 146 140 137 138 151 124 135 136 134 1998 : 119 119 108 110 108 110 118 106 102 98 99 96 108 1999 : 94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Supplements : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 98 93 99 108 102 97 102 102 104 110 114 129 105 1996 : 123 124 124 125 133 134 138 137 131 126 127 128 129 1997 : 126 125 131 127 121 117 106 105 108 109 110 113 116 1998 : 114 105 101 100 86 78 78 76 70 72 74 74 86 1999 : 74 : : Livestock and Poultry Sub-Components : : Feeder Cattle : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 93 88 83 79 76 79 79 78 78 77 74 76 80 1996 : 70 68 66 62 64 69 71 73 75 72 75 75 70 1997 : 80 84 84 89 92 92 98 95 95 94 94 96 91 1998 : 95 95 92 95 92 87 81 82 78 85 86 85 88 1999 : 89 : : Feeder Pigs : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 61 61 61 84 84 84 60 60 60 73 73 73 70 1996 : 67 73 80 78 73 67 64 86 90 105 111 112 84 1997 : 112 118 121 136 128 119 119 109 97 87 81 77 109 1998 : 68 81 68 70 72 70 65 62 55 55 53 55 65 1999 : 62 : : Milk Cow Replacements : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 102 102 102 101 101 101 100 100 100 97 97 97 100 1996 : 94 94 94 95 95 95 97 97 97 100 100 100 96 1997 : 97 97 97 98 98 98 98 98 98 97 97 97 97 1998 : 95 95 95 98 98 98 99 99 99 105 105 105 99 1999 : 111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Poultry : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1996 : 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1997 : 100 100 100 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 1998 : 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 1999 : 106 : : Seeds Sub-Components : : Field Crops : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 110 110 110 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 1996 : 109 109 109 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 115 1997 : 117 117 117 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 1998 : 119 119 119 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 122 1999 : 123 : : Grasses and Legumes : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 114 114 114 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 118 1996 : 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 1997 : 120 120 120 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 128 1998 : 130 130 130 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 124 1999 : 123 : : Fertilizer Sub-Components : : Mixed Fertilizer : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 102 104 106 116 117 117 117 117 117 117 118 118 114 1996 : 121 123 124 126 125 125 123 122 122 121 120 119 123 1997 : 119 119 119 118 118 118 118 117 118 117 117 116 118 1998 : 117 117 117 117 116 117 117 117 117 115 115 114 116 1999 : 114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Nitrogen : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 130 135 138 143 143 141 135 126 125 126 130 134 134 1996 : 139 139 143 140 137 131 125 123 124 130 130 135 133 1997 : 136 137 136 135 133 129 125 125 124 120 119 115 128 1998 : 114 113 110 111 113 113 110 106 102 101 98 95 107 1999 : 92 : : Potash and Phosphate : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 108 111 115 107 105 102 101 101 102 103 106 107 106 1996 : 109 111 113 111 108 107 103 104 105 105 107 107 107 1997 : 107 108 109 110 110 108 109 110 109 110 111 113 110 1998 : 112 113 113 114 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 116 115 1999 : 115 : : Agricultural Chemicals Sub-Components : : Herbicides : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 113 113 113 113 113 114 114 114 115 115 116 116 114 1996 : 116 117 117 117 116 116 116 117 119 119 119 118 117 1997 : 117 114 114 116 118 117 117 117 117 118 119 119 117 1998 : 120 118 117 118 117 117 117 119 119 119 119 119 118 1999 : 120 : : Insecticides : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 117 117 117 121 120 121 121 122 121 122 122 123 120 1996 : 126 126 128 126 125 125 121 123 126 125 125 127 125 1997 : 130 129 129 129 130 130 128 128 132 132 133 132 130 1998 : 135 136 136 136 136 137 137 135 134 139 136 134 136 1999 : 132 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fungicides and Other : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 116 121 121 115 114 115 115 114 115 115 115 115 116 1996 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 114 115 115 115 1997 : 116 116 117 118 113 114 115 115 115 116 117 117 116 1998 : 117 118 118 117 118 118 118 118 118 114 114 114 117 1999 : 114 : : Fuels Sub-Components : : Diesel : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 87 85 88 87 89 84 79 82 85 85 86 86 85 1996 : 88 84 88 105 104 92 94 95 108 116 112 112 100 1997 : 108 109 100 100 97 95 91 99 99 106 109 99 101 1998 : 92 89 83 84 85 76 75 75 82 79 78 66 80 1999 : 56 : : Gasoline : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 97 97 99 96 101 99 92 90 90 85 79 83 92 1996 : 89 86 94 105 111 106 104 103 106 107 112 112 103 1997 : 114 113 111 111 114 113 113 122 127 122 119 116 116 1998 : 108 103 98 100 108 106 103 95 94 98 91 79 99 1999 : 68 : : LP Gas : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 106 111 109 97 97 100 93 88 88 90 90 91 97 1996 : 99 102 102 106 100 98 100 107 117 126 136 152 112 1997 : 153 138 115 107 99 103 98 102 108 113 115 111 114 1998 : 101 98 92 92 94 86 83 82 79 81 82 77 87 1999 : 73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Supplies & Repairs Sub-Components : : Supplies : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 108 109 109 109 110 110 110 110 110 112 112 112 110 1996 : 112 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 1997 : 114 114 114 114 115 115 115 115 115 114 114 114 114 1998 : 114 114 115 115 115 115 116 116 115 116 115 115 115 1999 : 115 : : Repairs : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 112 112 113 113 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 1996 : 115 115 115 116 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 116 1997 : 118 118 118 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 120 120 119 1998 : 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 121 121 122 122 122 121 1999 : 122 : : Autos and Trucks Sub-Components : : Autos : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 111 111 111 112 112 111 111 110 110 111 112 113 111 1996 : 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 114 114 113 1997 : 114 114 114 114 114 113 113 112 112 113 113 113 113 1998 : 114 113 113 113 113 112 112 112 112 112 113 113 113 1999 : 114 : : Trucks : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 114 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 117 117 115 1996 : 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 119 120 120 118 1997 : 120 121 121 120 120 119 119 119 119 119 120 120 120 1998 : 120 120 120 120 119 118 119 119 119 119 120 120 119 1999 : 121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farm Machinery Sub-Components : : Tractors : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 116 116 116 117 117 117 117 117 117 118 119 119 117 1996 : 120 120 119 119 120 120 120 121 122 122 123 124 121 1997 : 124 125 125 125 126 126 126 126 126 129 129 129 126 1998 : 129 129 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 131 131 131 130 1999 : 131 : : Self Propelled : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 122 122 122 121 122 122 122 122 122 124 126 126 123 1996 : 127 127 127 128 127 127 128 128 127 128 128 128 128 1997 : 128 127 127 127 127 128 129 129 130 132 132 129 129 1998 : 129 130 130 131 131 131 131 131 131 133 133 133 131 1999 : 133 : : Other Machinery : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 116 116 117 118 118 118 119 119 119 120 121 121 119 1996 : 121 122 122 123 123 123 124 125 125 126 127 127 124 1997 : 127 128 129 129 130 130 130 131 131 132 132 132 130 1998 : 132 132 133 133 133 133 133 133 134 134 134 134 133 1999 : 134 : : Farm Services Sub-Components : : Custom Rates : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1996 : 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 1997 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 1998 : 115 115 115 115 115 115 117 117 117 117 117 117 116 1999 : 117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Quarterly and Annual Average United States, 1995-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year: Jan : Feb : Mar :Apr : May : Jun :Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Other Services : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 113 114 115 115 116 117 117 118 117 117 116 116 116 1996 : 116 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 117 116 115 115 116 1997 : 116 116 116 116 116 118 118 118 118 116 116 116 117 1998 : 116 116 116 116 116 118 118 118 117 116 115 115 116 1999 : 116 : : Rent Sub-Components : : Cash : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 1996 : 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 129 1997 : 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 135 1998 : 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 1999 : 141 : : Share : 1990-92 = 100 : 1995 : 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 1996 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1997 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1998 : 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 1999 : 121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Simple average and is year-to-date for current year. Prices Paid Survey Estimates, Month Published and Level ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1999 Program Schedule 1/ :----------------------------------------------------- Survey : Survey and : : Publication Month : Level of Estimates ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feed : Apr : Farm Production Regions and : : US : : Feeder Cattle & Calves : Monthly : Selected States 2/ Feeder Pigs : Jan, Apr, Jul, Oct : : : Seed : Apr : US : : : : Fertilizer : Apr : Fertilizer Regions and US : : : : Agricultural Chemicals : Apr : US : : : : Fuels : Apr : Farm Production Regions and : : US : : Farm Machinery : Apr : US : : : : Grazing Fees : Jan 3/ : States and Regions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data collection and publication schedule for average prices paid by producers. 2/ Feeder pig data relate to Feb, May, Aug, and Nov, and are published in Apr, Jul, Oct, and Jan, respectively. Selected States - Ga, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, MI, MN, MO, NE, NC, PA, SD, and WI. 3/ Survey estimates for previous year. Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for, agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely in April when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative............... A-2 Cows, Beef............. A-20 Price Indexes........... A-3 Cows, Milk............. A-23 Prices Received Eggs................... A-22 U.S. Summary.......... A-8-9 Flaxseed............... A-16 Selected Commodities.. A-14 Fruit, Citrus.......... A-18 Upland Cotton and Rice Hay.................... A-17 Prices and Marketings. A-17 All Hogs............... A-21 Parity Prices........... A-24-25 Lambs.................. A-22 Reliability Statement... A-56 Milk................... A-23 Oats................... A-15 Monthly State Prices Peanuts................ A-16 Potatoes............... A-19 Apples.................. A-17 Sheep.................. A-22 Barley.................. A-15 Sorghum, Grain......... A-15 Barrows and Gilts....... A-21 Soybeans............... A-15 Beans, Dry Edible....... A-16 Sows................... A-21 Beef Cattle............. A-20 Sunflower.............. A-16 Broilers................ A-22 Steers and Heifers..... A-20 Calves.................. A-20 Tobacco................ A-16 Corn.................... A-15 Turkeys................ A-22 Cotton.................. A-17 Wheat.................. A-14 Cottonseed.............. A-17 Special Features Rice: Marketing Year Average Prices Received, U.S., 1996 and 1997 ..................................................... A-26 Rice: Monthly Prices Received, United States, Marketing Years 1995-96 through 1997-98 ........................................... A-26 Apples: Prices Received, Monthly, July 1991 - December 1998; Peaches, May 1991 - September 1998; Pears, July 1991 - December 1998 ....... A-27 Grapes: Prices Received, Monthly, May 1995 - December 1998; Sweet Potatoes, Market Year Average Prices Received, 1996-98 ...... A-28 Limes: Marketing Year Average and Monthly Prices Received, Florida, Final, 1996-97 and Preliminary 1997-98 ................... A-29 Index of Prices Received, All Groups, Monthly and Annual, 1991-98.... A-48-55 Parity Prices Authority for Parity Prices, Method of Computation, and Prices ..... A-30-36 Annual Average Prices Received for Parity Computations, U.S., by Years, 1989-98................................................. A-38-47 Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Grade Milk ............... A-37 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative ..................................................... B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios ..................................... B-2-3 Charts ..................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios .................................................. B-7 Reliability Statement ......................................... B-31 U.S. Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry ............................ B-8 Commodity Prices Used in Feed Price Ratios .................. B-7 State Average Prices Feeder Pigs .................................................. B-8 Special Features: Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle by Selected States and Regions .. B-9 Prices Paid Survey Estimates, Month Published and Level ...... B-30 Prices Paid Index Components: 1910-14=100 and 1990-92=100: Monthly and Annual Averages, 1995-99 PPITW, PITW, Production Items ............................. B-10-16 Prices Paid Index Component Items, Interest, Taxes, Wage Rates, Farm and Non Farm Origin, and Ratios ...................... B-17-19 Prices Paid Index Sub-Components: Monthly and Annual Averages B-20-29 Report Features Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Estimates Division of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Crops Branch C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Roger Latham, Co-Acting Head (202) 720-5944 Charles Van Lahr, Co-Acting Head (202) 720-5446 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Sorghum, Hay (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Barley, Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Oilseeds (202) 690-7369 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat (202) 720-8068 Fruit and Vegetable Section Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus (202) 720-5412 Howard Hill - Grapes (202) 720-7235 Jeffery Kissel - Dry Beans, Peaches, Pears (202) 690-0270 Biz Wallingsford - Vegetables, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 Debbie Williams - Apples, Tobacco (202) 720-4288 Commodity Prices Coordinator Charles Van Lahr (202) 720-5446 Kirby Cavett - Prices Received Indexes (202) 690-3237 Livestock and Economic Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Livestock Section Dan Kerestes, Head (202) 720-4447 James Hand - Sheep, Lambs, Milk (202) 690-3236 Greg Matli - Hogs (202) 720-3106 Greg Thessen - Cattle (202) 720-3040 Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section Rick Schuchardt, Head (202) 720-6351 Dan Boostrum - Eggs (202) 720-3244 Tom Krutchen - Broilers, Honey (202) 690-4870 John Lange - Turkeys (202) 720-8784 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Mark Harris, Head (202) 720-4214 Kim Nielsen - Prices Paid Indexes, Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds (202) 690-3347 Jim Williams - Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Grazing Fees, Autos & Trucks (202) 690-3225 The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on February 26, 1999. 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