Agricultural Prices National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released May 28, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" or other assistance, see page B-12. Prices Received Index Increases 3 Points The All Farm Products Index of Prices Received in May was 99 based on 1990-92=100, up 3 points (3.1 percent) from April. The index increase was due to the seasonal change in the mix of commodities farmers sell. The normal increase in marketings of cantaloupes, grapes, peaches, and sweet corn in May more than offset the relatively lower marketings of cattle, milk, cotton, and oranges. The change in marketings was accompanied by a slight increase in overall prices. Price increases from April for hogs, broilers, oranges, and hay more than offset price decreases for lettuce, strawberries, cattle, and eggs. Compared with May 1998, the All Farm Products Index was 4 points (3.9 percent) lower. Price decreases from May 1998 for soybeans, corn, hogs, and wheat more than offset price increases for peaches, carrots, cucumbers, and turkeys. Prices Paid Index Up 1 Point The May Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 117 percent of the 1990-92 average. The index was up 1 point from April but unchanged from May 1998. Since April, higher prices for hay and forages, feed supplements, feed concentrates, and nitrogen fertilizers more than offset lower prices for feeder cattle, feed grains, and herbicides. Index Summary Table ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1998 : 1999 Index :------------------------------------------------------ 1990-92=100 : Apr : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Prices Received : 104 103 96 99 : Prices Paid : 118 117 116 117 : Ratio 1/ : 88 88 83 85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid. Pr 1 (5-99) Prices Received by Farmers The May All Farm Products Index was 99 percent of its 1990-92 base, up 3.1 percent from April but down 3.9 percent from May 1998. All Crops: The May index was 106, up 2.9 percent from April but 5.4 percent below May 1998. From April, price increases for potatoes and dry beans, and feed grains and hay, more than offset price decreases for vegetables, fruit and nuts, and oil-bearing crops. Food Grains: The May index, at 93, was down 3.1 percent from the previous month and was 15 percent below May 1998. The May all wheat price, at $2.58 per bushel, was down 4 cents from April and 48 cents below May 1998. Feed Grains & Hay: The May index was 93, up 1.1 percent from last month but 14 percent below May 1998. The corn price, at $2.01 per bushel, was down 4 cents from April and 33 cents below the May 1998 price. The all hay price, at $91.60 per ton, was up $9.70 from last month but was $10.40 below May 1998. Oil-Bearing Crops: The May index, at 80, was down 3.6 percent from April and 29 percent below May 1998. The soybean price, at $4.46 per bushel, decreased 17 cents from April and was $1.80 below May 1998. This was the lowest monthly price since March 1976. Fruit and Nuts: The May fruit and nuts index, at 123, was up 13 percent from the previous month and up 11 percent from May 1998. The May index increase resulted from large marketings of peaches. Since April, increases in the prices of oranges, grapefruit, and lemons offset declines in strawberry and apple prices. Commercial Vegetables: The May index, at 125, was down 2.3 percent from last month and 0.8 percent below May 1998. Price increases for cucumbers, tomatoes, snap beans, and celery were more than offset by price declines for lettuce, cauliflower, and asparagus. Livestock and Products: The May index, at 93, was up 3.3 percent from last month but down 3.1 percent from May 1998. Compared with a year ago, prices were up for broilers and turkeys but down for hogs, calves, cattle, all milk, and eggs. Meat Animals: The May index, at 83, was up 2.5 percent from last month but 4.6 percent below a year ago. The May hog price was $37.00 per cwt, up $6.80 from April but $5.30 below a year ago. The May beef cattle price of $61.40 was down $1.30 from last month and $1.60 below May 1998 with both placements and cattle on feed numbers above a year ago. Poultry and Eggs: The May index, at 110, was 5.7 percent above April and 1.9 percent above a year ago. The May broiler price at 37.8 cents per pound was up 3.5 cents from April, resulting from a seasonal increase in demand. A decrease in domestic demand for eggs, along with a continued weak export market, decreased market egg prices 8.2 cents to 35.0 cents per dozen. Turkey prices increased 1.0 cent to 39.7 cents per pound. Cold storage holdings continue to be below last year's levels. Dairy Products: The May index, at 99, was up 3.1 percent from April but was 2.9 percent below April 1998. The May all milk price, at $12.90 per cwt, was up $0.30 from April but down $0.40 from last year. April milk production was up 3.4 percent from last year. Prices increased for fluid grade but decreased for manufacturing grade milk. Cheese prices declined during April. Index Numbers of Prices Received, United States, May 1999, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 :Average:---------------------------------------------- :1990-92: May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 656 *610 630 103 *96 99 : All Crops : 500 554 *509 523 112 *103 106 Food Grains : 325 345 *306 295 109 *96 93 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 385 *328 333 108 *92 93 Cotton : 517 537 *479 486 105 *94 95 Tobacco 1/ : 1263 1474 *1309 97 *86 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 614 *454 437 112 83 80 Fruit & Nuts : 716 773 *763 862 111 *109 123 Commercial Vegetables : 698 841 *856 836 126 *128 125 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 555 *520 552 110 *103 109 Other Crops : 493 532 532 532 108 108 108 : Livestock & Products : 768 734 *690 716 96 90 93 Meat Animals : 1021 888 *822 844 87 *81 83 Dairy Products : 799 817 *774 793 102 *96 99 Poultry & Eggs : 282 304 292 309 108 104 110 : Food Commodities : 102 *95 99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Missing data indicates insufficient sales to establish a price. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid, 1990-92=100, by Months, United States, 1998 and 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jan : 103 97 109 98 95 96 119 116 118 113 Feb : 101 96 109 99 94 94 119 116 117 113 Mar : 102 97 111 99 95 95 118 116 116 113 Apr : 104 96 114 103 95 90 118 116 116 113 May : 103 99 112 106 96 93 117 117 116 113 Jun : 102 107 98 117 115 Jul : 102 107 96 116 115 Aug : 102 105 99 116 114 Sep : 100 101 98 115 112 Oct : 99 100 98 116 113 Nov : 100 102 97 116 113 Dec : 99 100 97 115 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received, United States, May 1999, with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : May : Apr : May : : : 1998 : 1999 : 1999 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 2.13 1.77 1.78 Feed : Bu : 1.90 1.91 1.55 1.66 Malting : Bu : 2.43 2.52 2.09 2.02 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt : 19.10 20.80 16.80 19.50 Corn : Bu : 2.30 2.34 2.05 2.01 Cotton, Upland : Lb : .606 .635 .567 .575 Cottonseed : Ton : 96.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 6.33 4.94 4.74 Hay, All, Baled 1/ : Ton : 76.30 102.00 81.90 91.60 Alfalfa 1/ : Ton : 77.20 107.00 85.60 95.70 Other 1/ : Ton : 60.00 78.60 65.80 69.40 Oats : Bu : 1.22 1.53 1.18 1.21 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : .304 Potatoes : Cwt : 5.82 6.39 6.14 6.42 : : Rice, Rough : Cwt : 7.07 9.38 8.54 8.44 Sorghum Grain : Cwt : 3.75 3.69 3.09 3.02 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 6.26 4.63 4.46 Sunflower 2/ : Cwt : 9.50 13.80 9.44 9.51 Tobacco : Lb : 1.740 1.505 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 3.06 2.62 2.58 Winter : Bu : 2.93 2.90 2.48 2.42 Durum : Bu : 2.86 4.28 2.80 2.77 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 3.31 2.95 2.94 Hard Red Winter : Bu : 2.44 Soft Red Winter : Bu : 2.87 2.71 2.22 Hard Red Spring : Bu : 2.99 White : Bu : 3.24 2.82 2.76 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus-Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box : 5.77 .590 2.23 3.66 Lemons : Box : 10.10 6.78 4.71 7.50 Limes : Box : 10.15 8.50 44.50 14.50 Oranges : Box : 5.79 5.86 5.82 6.46 Tangelos : Box : 5.82 Tangerines : Box : 15.11 2.24 17.26 7.36 Temples : Box : 6.23 : : Non-citrus : : Apples, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .212 .178 .147 .140 Grapes, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 506.00 1300.00 Peaches, Fresh 3/ : Lb : .216 .325 .661 Pears, Fresh 3/ : Ton : 370.00 385.00 337.00 340.00 Strawberries, Fresh: Lb : .560 .670 .846 .619 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Mid-month price. 2/ KS, MN, ND and SD average. 3/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (pears only) and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. -- continued Prices Received, United States, May 1999, with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month : Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity : Unit : 1990-92 : May : Apr : May : : : 1998 : 1999 : 1999 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 106.00 125.00 112.00 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 27.10 20.30 19.70 Cantaloupes : Cwt : 30.20 29.60 Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 11.80 26.30 25.20 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 35.50 46.00 26.10 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 15.40 10.20 13.50 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 16.90 17.20 18.40 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : 15.90 16.30 26.20 Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 14.10 20.60 12.30 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 17.70 16.90 17.30 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 45.30 41.50 56.90 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 36.50 23.40 27.60 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 88.90 88.20 87.20 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 63.00 62.70 61.40 Cows : Cwt : 49.60 36.40 35.10 36.30 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 66.30 66.00 64.50 Milk Cows 3/ : Head : 1130.00 1240.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 42.30 30.20 37.00 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 43.10 30.60 37.50 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 28.60 23.10 27.10 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 63.00 67.40 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 30.30 31.80 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 13.06 13.30 12.60 5/12.90 Fluid Grade : Cwt : 13.10 13.30 12.60 5/12.90 Mfg Grade : Cwt : 11.80 11.30 11.90 5/11.60 : : Broilers, Live 6/ : Lb : .317 .375 .343 .378 Eggs, All 7/ : Doz : .643 .549 .596 .529 Market 7/ : Doz : .546 .387 .432 .350 Turkeys, Live 6/7/ : Lb : .380 .355 .387 .397 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation : : Eggs, All : Doz : .545 .538 .573 .529 Milk, All 4/ : Cwt : 9.71 13.57 12.86 13.30 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ F.O.B. shipping point. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 4/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 5/ Fat test percent: all milk 3.60, fluid milk 3.60, mfg grade 3.71. 6/ Liveweight equivalent price. 7/ Mid-month price. Wheat: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat : Oth Spring Wheat State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AR : 2.16 2.37 2.16 2.37 CA : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 4/ CO : 2.42 2.26 2.42 2.26 2.62 4/ ID : 2.63 2.66 2.57 2.60 2.70 2.75 IL : 2.14 2.20 2.14 2.20 IN : 2.37 2.19 2.37 2.19 KS : 2.41 2.29 2.41 2.29 MI : 2.33 2.30 2.33 2.30 MN : 2.97 2.95 3/ 4/ 4/ 4/ 2.97 2.95 MO : 2.17 2.25 2.17 2.25 MT : 3.03 2.98 2.92 2.80 2.80 2.90 3.12 3.10 NE : 2.58 2.36 2.58 2.36 ND : 2.87 2.86 3/ 4/ 2.72 2.75 2.92 2.90 OH : 2.27 2.20 2.27 2.20 OK : 2.36 2.35 2.36 2.35 OR : 2.92 2.91 2.90 2.90 3.04 3.00 SD : 2.54 2.56 2.30 2.32 4/ 2.65 2.92 2.93 TX : 2.39 2.26 2.39 2.26 WA : 2.90 2.93 2.89 2.94 2.99 2.88 : US : 2.62 2.58 2.48 2.42 2.80 2.77 2.95 2.94 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. 4/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Months, United States, 1998 and 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 1/: All Hogs Month:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 :1999 2/:1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/: 1998 :1999 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ---- Dollars per Cwt ----- : Jan : 3.32 2.80 2.56 2.06 6.69 5.32 62.50 59.00 36.00 26.30 Feb : 3.27 2.74 2.55 2.05 6.57 4.80 60.40 60.60 35.90 27.60 Mar : 3.33 2.65 2.55 2.06 6.40 4.61 61.30 62.40 34.90 27.80 Apr : 3.18 2.62 2.41 2.05 6.26 4.63 63.00 62.70 35.60 30.20 May : 3.06 2.58 2.34 2.01 6.26 4.46 63.00 61.40 42.30 37.00 Jun : 2.77 2.28 6.16 61.80 42.40 Jul : 2.56 2.19 6.14 58.40 36.90 Aug : 2.39 1.89 5.43 57.40 35.20 Sep : 2.41 1.83 5.25 56.10 29.50 Oct : 2.79 1.91 5.18 58.00 27.80 Nov : 2.97 1.93 5.40 58.10 18.80 Dec : 2.87 2.01 5.37 56.80 14.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows, steers and heifers. 2/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. Grains: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Barley 1/ : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/:Apr 2/:May 3/: Apr 2/: May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ----------------- Dollars per Bushel ---------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 4.87 4.55 3.48 3.57 CA : 4/ 4/ CO : 1.73 1.76 1.96 1.89 GA : 2.74 2.62 4.81 4.53 ID : 2.51 2.44 IL : 2.12 2.10 1.67 1.65 4.72 4.60 3.52 3.55 IN : 2.24 2.25 4.77 4.52 IA : 1.97 1.93 1.49 1.40 4.57 4.40 KS : 2.02 1.95 4.54 4.34 2.93 2.91 KY : 2.27 2.25 4.73 4.60 LA : 4.71 4.56 MI : 2.01 2.00 1.55 1.55 4.69 4.50 MN : 1.36 1.37 1.87 1.90 1.10 1.10 4.45 4.30 MS : 4.69 4.50 MO : 2.02 2.05 4.63 4.50 3.29 3.30 MT : 1.78 1.75 1.11 1.10 NE : 1.96 1.97 1.32 1.25 4.47 4.40 3.18 3.20 NC : 2.54 2.40 4.75 4.50 ND : 1.56 1.64 1.06 1.00 OH : 2.12 2.15 1.31 1.35 4.75 4.65 OK : 3.11 3.09 OR : 1.80 1.70 1.32 1.35 PA : 2.49 2.40 1.55 1.50 SD : 1.76 1.56 1.72 1.75 1.09 1.05 4.38 4.27 TN : 2.51 2.60 4.72 4.70 TX : 2.16 2.04 3.51 3.30 UT : 1.90 1.87 WA : 1.53 1.59 WI : 2.01 2.05 1.15 1.20 4.64 4.50 WY : 4/ 4/ : US : 1.77 1.78 2.05 2.01 1.18 1.21 4.63 4.46 3.09 3.02 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The Three-State (MN, ND and SD) Feed Barley price for May 1999 is $1.35. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 1/ 1/ 2.01 1.90 MN : 1/ 1/ 1.35 1.35 MT : 2.38 2.35 1.42 1.35 ND : 1.71 1.80 1.27 1.35 SD : 1/ 1.76 1.40 1.21 WY : 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Field Crops: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dry Edible : : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Flaxseed : Tobacco : Peanuts 4/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 2/:Apr 1/:May 3/: Apr 1/: May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Bu --- Dollars per Pound --- : AL : CA : 38.90 36.30 CO : 13.90 13.90 FL : GA : ID : 16.70 16.30 IN : KS : 5/ 5/ KY : MD : 1.505 MI : 18.00 20.00 MN : 17.80 19.00 10.80 10.10 MO : NE : 16.00 15.80 NC : ND : 12.10 12.50 9.97 10.20 4.94 4.75 OH : OK : SC : SD : 8.41 8.44 5/ 4.67 TN : TX : VA : WV : : US : 16.80 19.50 9.44 9.51 4.94 4.74 1.505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ Marketing year Aug - Jan. 5/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual buyers. Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : May : Cotton, Upland :------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :----------------------------: Fresh : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other : Use 1/4/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton ------- Dol/Lb : AL : 6/ 6/ AZ : .554 6/ 103.00 103.00 88.00 AR : .563 .578 CA : .599 6/ 103.00 106.00 55.00 CO : 78.00 78.00 80.00 GA : .559 .580 ID : 60.00 62.00 40.00 IL : 78.00 83.00 59.00 IA : 73.00 74.00 52.00 KS : 72.00 73.00 60.00 KY : 110.00 122.00 79.00 LA : .518 .552 MI : 76.00 80.00 60.00 .145 MN : 67.00 72.00 48.00 MS : .579 .580 MO : 67.00 100.00 60.00 MT : 58.00 60.00 48.00 NE : 42.00 42.00 37.00 NV : 72.00 72.00 70.00 NM : 120.00 123.00 97.00 NY : 102.00 110.00 91.00 .174 NC : .547 6/ ND : 42.00 51.00 35.00 OH : 98.00 105.00 65.00 .260 OK : 80.00 90.00 64.00 OR : 103.00 105.00 80.00 PA : 109.00 128.00 99.00 .180 SD : 44.00 45.00 35.00 TN : .581 .581 TX : .572 .576 87.00 132.00 71.00 UT : 62.00 63.00 35.00 VA : WA : 94.00 84.00 123.00 .132 WI : 66.00 70.00 45.00 WY : 69.00 69.00 65.00 : US : .567 .575 91.60 95.70 69.40 .140 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA,MI,NY and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Marketing year August-February. 6/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, May 1999, with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit : Mar 1999 1/ : Apr 1999 1/ :May 1999 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price : Dollars/Pound : .553 .567 .575 Marketings 3/ : 1,000 Bales : 639 388 NA : : Rice : : Average Price : Dollars/Cwt : 8.86 8.54 8.44 Marketings 4/ : 1,000 Cwt : 12792 9428 NA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Expanded data from sample of about 60 percent of buyers. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Equivalent Returns Commodity : F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------- And : Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree State : Fresh :----------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh :Process ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Box 1/ Grapefruit : AZ : 14.70 8.11 9.26 -0.26 6.17 7.32 -2.20 : CA : 17.00 10.89 11.56 -0.26 8.95 9.62 -2.20 : FL : 16.50 5.30 8.70 4.08 2.94 6.84 1.53 White Seedless : 15.20 4.02 6.60 3.80 1.60 4.65 1.35 Colored Seedless: 16.70 6.27 9.00 4.40 3.95 7.15 1.75 : TX : 15.90 4.23 7.20 1.50 3.10 6.05 0.40 : CA-AZ : 16.10 9.80 10.69 -0.26 7.86 8.75 -2.20 : US : 16.20 5.60 8.79 3.31 3.66 7.15 1.16 : Lemons : CA : 27.40 11.14 18.96 0.74 7.50 15.32 -2.90 : US : 27.40 11.14 18.96 0.74 7.50 15.32 -2.90 : Limes : FL : 30.00 19.50 19.50 14.50 14.50 : Oranges : AZ : 27.50 19.48 21.58 3.10 17.40 19.50 1.02 Navel and Misc : 7.00 0.98 0.98 -1.00 -1.00 Valencia : 27.80 19.73 21.90 3.10 17.65 19.82 1.02 CA : 31.40 14.36 25.44 2.89 12.29 23.37 0.82 Navel and Misc : 34.20 11.88 28.18 0.24 9.90 26.20 -1.74 Valencia : 31.20 14.52 25.30 3.10 12.44 23.22 1.02 FL : Valencia : 16.60 7.90 9.50 7.80 6.05 7.60 5.95 : TX : Valencia : 21.20 11.08 12.40 3.80 9.78 11.10 2.55 : CA-AZ : Navel and Misc : 31.70 11.45 25.71 0.24 9.47 23.73 -1.74 Valencia : 30.30 15.38 24.44 3.10 13.30 22.36 1.02 : US : 21.80 8.32 15.11 7.66 6.46 13.15 5.81 : Tangerines : AZ : 17.90 12.00 12.00 9.92 9.92 CA : 6.80 0.90 0.90 -1.18 -1.18 : US : 15.30 9.44 9.44 7.36 7.36 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net lbs. per box: Grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; Lemons-76; Limes-88; Oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; Tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. Potatoes: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : :: : : State : Apr : May :: State : Apr : May : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : AL : :: NC : AZ : 10.30 8.60 :: ND - All 1/ : 5.10 5.40 CA - All : 10.50 11.30 :: - Fresh 2/ : 4.50 NA - Winter : 26.80 :: - Processing : 4.50 NA - Spring : 13.40 :: OH : - Summer : :: OR : 6.30 6.45 - Fall : 6.45 6.90 :: PA : 6.75 8.20 CO - All 1/ : 4.70 5.30 :: TX : 8.90 - Fresh 2/ : 4.50 NA :: VA : FL : 12.50 8.10 :: WA - All : 5.45 5.20 ID - All 1/ : 4.85 4.90 :: - Processing : 4.95 NA - Fresh 2/ : 4.20 NA :: WI - All 1/ : 5.00 5.55 - Processing : 4.70 NA :: - Fresh 2/ : 5.65 NA ME : 7.60 7.30 :: - Processing : 4.40 NA MI : 7.95 8.15 :: : MN : 5.35 5.70 :: US - All 1/ : 6.14 6.42 NY : :: - Fresh 2/ : 7.04 NA : :: - Processing : 5.24 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cows 1/ : Steers & Heifers: Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ : Apr 2/ : May 3/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 36.00 35.00 64.70 64.30 64.40 64.00 86.30 83.00 AR : 32.00 34.00 67.50 65.90 55.40 53.80 83.20 77.20 CA : 35.70 36.20 63.00 62.00 48.50 48.60 76.00 74.00 CO : 35.90 36.10 66.80 65.40 64.90 63.30 90.80 88.90 FL : 34.10 36.30 66.80 65.30 40.60 42.10 85.90 84.60 GA : 33.90 36.70 65.90 65.00 46.70 46.60 81.40 79.70 ID : 33.60 34.50 65.90 65.30 58.10 57.90 80.00 79.00 IL : 34.70 35.60 64.00 63.00 63.40 62.50 108.00 107.00 IA : 37.60 39.10 65.40 63.70 62.90 61.50 81.10 82.30 KS : 35.50 35.00 66.50 64.00 65.30 62.80 91.00 86.00 KY : 35.00 36.00 67.00 67.00 59.30 59.60 79.00 77.00 LA : 33.70 35.00 68.80 68.00 43.90 45.20 80.60 81.00 MI : 35.00 36.50 57.30 57.00 48.40 48.80 66.00 62.00 MN : 34.90 37.50 62.50 62.00 58.00 58.10 78.80 79.00 MO : 34.30 36.20 72.90 71.80 63.30 62.90 84.50 83.30 MT : 37.10 37.20 72.40 72.80 65.30 55.00 84.70 81.90 NE : 35.90 36.70 66.80 65.00 65.80 64.20 88.90 87.80 NM : 38.50 39.30 71.40 68.00 60.20 58.20 89.70 84.20 ND : 35.40 36.00 68.50 66.50 61.90 54.30 85.40 82.50 OH : 33.80 37.00 68.00 68.00 64.60 64.90 77.30 76.00 OK : 35.30 36.30 69.50 66.50 66.60 63.80 86.40 81.60 OR : 35.90 37.00 72.80 71.20 61.70 60.90 80.60 78.50 PA : 34.60 36.80 61.00 61.70 54.10 55.20 98.00 98.00 SD : 34.80 35.60 72.50 70.10 67.60 63.90 87.20 89.20 TN : 34.00 36.00 70.60 68.50 56.00 55.50 81.20 78.00 TX : 33.70 34.60 66.20 65.70 63.30 62.90 89.50 87.70 VA : 30.00 32.30 64.80 65.80 51.90 53.10 76.40 75.00 WI : 35.60 36.80 61.50 61.30 46.50 47.10 109.00 110.00 WY : 38.70 38.00 70.70 69.50 67.20 63.20 86.00 83.50 : US : 35.10 36.30 66.00 64.50 62.70 61.40 88.20 87.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ : Apr 1/ : May 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Cwt : GA : 22.20 25.00 31.30 37.50 30.40 36.30 IL : 23.00 27.20 28.50 35.60 28.00 34.90 IN : 21.50 25.40 31.50 36.90 30.50 35.80 IA : 26.80 31.20 31.60 38.90 31.60 38.80 KS : 25.30 29.00 28.80 35.30 28.30 34.40 KY : 24.00 29.00 28.00 37.00 27.80 36.70 MI : 19.50 22.00 33.00 35.00 31.90 34.00 MN : 24.20 29.50 29.50 37.00 29.30 36.70 MO : 22.50 24.30 25.40 32.20 25.20 31.70 NE : 26.60 34.10 32.00 40.10 32.00 40.00 NC : 23.80 27.00 33.50 40.10 33.40 40.00 OH : 22.10 28.00 30.10 35.00 29.30 34.40 PA : 20.30 25.10 26.70 35.60 25.80 34.00 SC : 21.30 26.10 28.50 36.50 28.00 35.90 SD : 21.50 29.90 31.80 36.40 30.80 35.70 TN : 24.00 30.00 29.00 37.50 28.50 36.80 TX : 19.20 21.80 26.40 33.40 25.40 31.80 VA : 18.80 24.10 28.10 36.10 27.90 35.90 WI : 20.80 25.40 27.10 34.80 26.30 33.60 : US : 23.10 27.10 30.60 37.50 30.20 37.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Poultry: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : April : May :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Sheep : Lambs : Turkeys : Broilers: Eggs : 1/ : 1/ : 2/3/ : 1/4/ : 2/5/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- Dollars per Cwt ---- Dollars per Pound Dol/Doz : AL : .390 .330 AZ : AR : .42 .370 .360 CA : 31.50 68.00 .41 .340 CO : 30.10 66.10 CT : .420 DE : .365 FL : .280 GA : .395 .347 ID : 33.00 69.00 IN : .39 .420 IA : 35.60 61.10 .37 .253 KS : 25.00 66.00 ME : .490 MD : .365 MI : .310 MN : 25.70 65.80 .36 .310 MS : .380 .410 MO : .43 .246 MT : 27.80 69.20 NE : 36.30 69.40 NM : NY : .444 NC : .40 .380 .285 OH : 29.50 78.30 .394 OR : 29.20 65.00 PA : .40 .370 .380 SC : .346 SD : 33.30 73.40 TX : 41.70 67.50 .350 .320 UT : 25.00 73.00 VA : .40 .370 WA : .449 WY : 30.30 65.90 : US : 31.80 67.40 .397 .378 .350 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ IN, IA, MN and PA are actual liveweight prices. All other State prices are equivalent liveweight returns to producers (see footnote 4 for formula). 4/ Liveweight equivalent price. Derived from ready-to-cook (RTC) prices using the following formula: (RTC price minus processing cost) * (dressing percentage) = liveweight equivalent price. 5/ Market (table) eggs. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by States, April and May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : April : May :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 1/ : Grade Milk : 2/ : 2/3/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 4/ : Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: Price:Fat Test: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Cwt Pct Dol/Head : AL : 13.30 3.56 13.30 3.56 14.30 3.54 AZ : 12.10 3.58 12.10 3.58 12.70 3.53 AR : 12.40 3.60 12.40 3.60 13.00 3.60 CA : 12.50 3.62 12.20 3.90 12.50 3.62 12.20 3.55 CO : 12.20 3.64 12.20 3.64 12.50 3.62 FL : 14.50 3.48 14.50 3.48 16.00 3.50 GA : 13.10 3.50 13.10 3.50 14.50 3.50 ID : 12.20 3.60 12.00 3.69 12.20 3.60 12.20 3.53 IL : 11.90 3.71 12.70 3.60 11.90 3.70 13.30 3.63 IN : 11.80 3.70 11.40 3.78 11.80 3.70 13.10 3.62 IA : 12.00 3.71 11.80 3.73 12.00 3.71 12.90 3.71 KS : 11.80 3.63 11.20 3.59 11.80 3.63 13.00 3.53 KY : 12.20 3.56 10.90 3.57 12.20 3.56 13.40 3.50 LA : 13.00 3.37 13.00 3.37 14.10 3.39 MD : 13.60 3.73 13.60 3.73 14.90 3.70 MI : 12.80 3.71 11.70 3.72 12.80 3.71 13.10 3.63 MN : 13.30 3.73 11.80 3.76 13.20 3.73 12.60 3.66 MS : 13.10 3.48 13.10 3.48 14.40 3.50 MO : 12.40 3.56 11.30 3.69 12.40 3.57 13.40 3.51 NE : 11.70 3.71 11.30 3.74 11.70 3.71 12.40 3.61 NM : 11.60 3.52 11.60 3.52 12.00 3.43 NY : 12.20 3.68 12.20 3.68 12.80 3.63 NC : 14.60 3.69 11.60 3.92 14.60 3.69 16.10 3.64 ND : 12.60 3.68 11.40 3.69 12.20 3.68 11.70 3.58 OH : 12.60 3.76 11.80 3.80 12.60 3.76 13.40 3.71 OK : 12.80 3.55 12.80 3.55 13.80 3.48 OR : 12.70 3.64 12.00 3.90 12.70 3.64 12.90 3.60 PA : 12.60 3.71 11.70 3.81 12.60 3.71 14.00 3.66 TN : 12.40 3.62 10.70 3.55 12.40 3.62 13.20 3.57 TX : 12.40 3.50 12.40 3.50 12.50 3.45 UT : 11.80 3.64 11.80 3.63 11.80 3.64 12.00 3.53 VT : 13.90 3.73 13.90 3.73 14.50 3.67 VA : 13.00 3.56 11.50 3.70 13.00 3.56 14.00 3.49 WA : 12.70 3.64 12.70 3.64 12.70 3.58 WI : 12.67 3.76 12.10 3.85 12.64 3.77 12.60 3.71 : US : 12.60 3.65 11.90 3.78 12.60 3.66 12.90 3.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Including milk diverted to manufacturing. 2/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 3/ Preliminary. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct. Parity Price Equivalent for Manufacturing Milk 1/: United States, April and May 1999, with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : May 1998 : Apr 1999 : May 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity Equivalent.........Dol per Cwt : 26.54 27.79 27.88 Average Price F.O.B.......Dol per Cwt : 11.30 11.90 2/11.60 Average Fat Test of Milk..Percent : 3.67 3.78 2/3.71 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ The parity price equivalent during 1999 is 91.1 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 90.9 percent in 1998. For additional details, see January 1999 issue of "Agricultural Prices". 2/ Preliminary. United States Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices Based on Data for May 1999, with Comparisons 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Prices :Prices as Percent :Adjusted: Based on Data for : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :------------------------------------------ : Prices : May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May : : 1998 : 1999 : 1999 : 1998: 1999: 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- ---- Percents ---- Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : .626 9.61 9.70 9.71 32 27 27 Rice, Cwt : 1.78 26.80 27.60 27.60 35 31 31 Corn, Bu : .428 6.52 6.63 6.64 36 31 30 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : .113 1.70 1.75 1.75 37 32 33 Extra Long Staple : .145 2.23 2.25 2.25 Peanuts, Lb : .0425 .641 .658 .659 Tobacco, By Type, Lb : Flue-Cured 11-14 : .252 3.78 3.90 3.91 VA Fire-Cured, 21 : .249 3.69 3.86 3.86 KY-TN Fire-Cured, 22-23 : .313 4.73 4.85 4.85 Burley, 31 : .266 3.98 4.12 4.13 Maryland, 32 : .231 3.30 3.58 3.58 42 Dark Air-Cured, 35-36 : .266 3.97 4.12 4.13 Sun-Cured, 37 : .226 3.31 3.50 3.51 PA Seedleaf, 41 : .193 2.83 2.99 2.99 Cigar Filler & Binder, : 42-44, 54-55 .217 3.24 3.36 3.37 Puerto Rican Filler, 46 : .173 2.63 2.68 2.68 Cigar Binder, 51-52 : .552 7.43 8.55 8.56 : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt : 1.97 29.20 30.50 30.60 2/46 2/42 2/43 Honey, Extracted, Lb : 3/.0878 1.31 1.36 1.36 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : .125 4.10 1.94 1.94 Mohair, Lb : .231 11.00 3.58 3.58 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : .383 5.87 5.93 5.94 36 30 30 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.90 239.00 246.00 247.00 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 3.26 50.00 50.50 50.60 42 33 39 Flaxseed, Bu : .780 11.90 12.10 12.10 53 41 39 Oats, Bu : .224 3.60 3.47 3.47 43 34 35 Potatoes, Cwt : .860 12.80 13.30 13.30 50 46 48 Rye, Bu : .326 4.94 5.05 5.06 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : .674 10.30 10.40 10.50 36 30 29 Soybeans, Bu : .905 14.00 14.00 14.00 45 33 32 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 2.04 24.50 31.60 31.60 Apples, Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0290 .433 .449 .450 41 33 31 Citrus (equiv on-tree),box: Grapefruit : .524 10.70 8.12 8.13 6 27 45 Lemons : 1.20 17.50 18.60 18.60 39 25 40 Limes (FL) : 1.17 18.40 18.10 18.10 46 246 80 Oranges : .747 13.70 11.60 11.60 43 50 56 Tangerines : 1.79 28.90 27.70 27.80 8 62 26 Temples (FL) : .635 11.50 9.84 9.85 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 9.80 150.00 152.00 152.00 42 41 40 Calves, Cwt : 12.50 192.00 194.00 194.00 46 45 45 Hogs, Cwt : 6.58 102.00 102.00 102.00 41 30 36 Lambs, Cwt : 10.10 154.00 156.00 157.00 41 43 Sheep, Cwt : 4.21 62.60 65.20 65.30 48 49 Eggs, Doz : .0964 1.44 1.49 1.50 2/37 2/38 2/35 Turkeys, Live, Lb : .0576 .874 .892 .893 41 43 44 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Parity Prices Based on Data for May 1999, United States 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity : Other Nonbasic : Adj Base : Parity Commodities : Prices : Prices : Commodities : Prices : Prices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : : Dollars : : : Field Crops and : :Noncitrus Fruit : Misc Commodities : : Peaches, cont. : Hops, Lb : .239 3.71 : Processing 6/ : Spearmint Oil, Lb: 1.85 28.70 : Excl Dried : Tobacco, Lb : : Clingstone, : Type 61 : 2.78 43.10 : CA, Ton : 31.60 490.00 : : Pears, Ton : Noncitrus Fruit : : Fresh 5/ : 51.70 802.00 Apples, Ton 7/ : : Dried, CA 7/ : 148.00 2300.00 Processing : 19.80 307.00 : Plums, CA, Ton : Apricots, Ton : : Fresh, Equiv : Fresh 8/ : 122.00 1890.00 : on-Tree : 53.70 833.00 Dried, CA : 293.00 4540.00 : Prunes, Dried, : Avocados, Ton 8/ : 192.00 2980.00 : CA, Ton 7/ : 135.00 2090.00 Cherries : : Prunes and Plums,: Sweet, Ton : 157.00 2440.00 : Excl CA, Ton : Tart, Lb : .0265 .411 : Fresh 10/ : 55.30 858.00 Cranberry, Bbl 6/: 7.55 117.00 : Processing 7/ : Dates, CA, Ton 8/: 139.00 2160.00 : Excl Dried : 22.40 347.00 Grapes, Ton : : : Raisin Variety : 142.00 2200.00 :Tree Nuts 11/ : Other Dried : 58.40 906.00 : Almonds, Lb : .227 3.52 Kiwifruit, Ton : 72.60 1130.00 : Hazelnuts, Ton : 117.00 1810.00 Nectarines : : Pistachio, Lb : .164 2.54 Fresh, Calif, : : Walnuts, Ton : 179.00 2780.00 Ton 8/ : 63.00 977.00 : : Olives, CA : :Vegetables, Cwt 12/: Canning, Ton 6/: 93.20 1450.00 : Fresh : Papayas (HA) Lb : .0479 .743 : Carrots 9/ : 1.78 27.60 Peaches : : Cauliflower 9/ : 4.31 66.80 Fresh, Lb 5/ : .0384 .596 : Celery 9/ : 1.85 28.70 Dried, CA, : : Honeydew Melons : 2.52 39.10 Ton : 119.00 1850.00 : Lettuce : 2.15 33.30 : : Onions 9/ : 1.70 26.40 : : Tomatoes : 4.47 69.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Average local market price, excluding incentive payments. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 7/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 8/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 9/ Includes some processing. 10/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 12/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997-98 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Class and State : Type : 1997 : 1998 : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.710 1.780 VA : 11 : 1.727 1.792 US : 11 : 1.716 1.784 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.720 1.773 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.720 1.716 SC : 13 : 1.735 1.711 US : 13 : 1.728 1.713 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.721 1.697 GA : 14 : 1.712 1.707 US : 14 : 1.714 1.705 Total Flue-cured : 11-14 : 1.720 1.756 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 2.125 1.936 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.268 2.259 TN : 22 : 2.260 2.251 US : 22 : 2.263 2.254 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.242 2.159 TN : 23 : 2.226 2.159 US : 23 : 2.240 2.159 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23 : 2.256 2.225 Total Fire-cured : 21-23 : 2.250 2.208 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.870 1.897 KY : 31 : 1.886 1.903 MO : 31 : 1.895 1.905 NC : 31 : 1.860 1.899 OH : 31 : 1.869 1.904 TN : 31 : 1.886 1.907 VA : 31 : 1.903 1.892 WV : 31 : 1.878 1.915 US : 31 : 1.885 1.903 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.720 1.630 PA : 32 : 1.300 .800 US : 32 : 1.576 1.291 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32 : 1.877 1.887 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One-Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 2.011 1.952 TN : 35 : 2.003 1.913 US : 35 : 2.010 1.946 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 2.034 1.974 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36 : 2.017 1.955 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnotes at end of table. -- continued Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997-98 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Class and State : Type : 1997 : 1998 : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound : : VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.908 1.709 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37 : 2.016 1.951 : : All Cures Other Than Cigar : 11-37 : 1.793 1.823 : : : : Cigar Filler: : : PA Seedleaf : : PA : 41 : 1.600 1.300 : : Cigar Binder: : : CT Valley Broadleaf : : CT : 51 : 6.000 5.400 MA : 51 : 9.500 5.670 US : 51 : 7.273 5.499 WI Binder, Southern : : WI : 54 : 1.500 1.500 WI Binder, Northern : : WI : 55 : 1.520 1.490 Total WI Binder : 54-55 : 1.505 1.497 Total Binder : 51-55 : 3.754 3.524 : : Cigar Wrapper: : : CT Valley Shade-grown : : CT 2/ : 61 : MA 2/ : 61 : US 2/ : 61 : : : Total Cigar Types 2/ : 41-55 : 2.599 2.260 : : US All Tobacco 2/ : 11-55 : 1.802 1.828 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1998 revised. 2/ CT and MA Type 61 price not published to avoid disclosure; not included in Total Cigar Types or US All Tobacco. Tobacco: Marketing Year Average Price, by State, 1997-98 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1997 : 1998 : State : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : : Dollars per Pound : : : CT 2/ : 6.000 5.400 : NC : 1.720 1.771 FL : 1.721 1.697 : OH : 1.869 1.904 GA : 1.712 1.707 : PA : 1.490 1.101 IN : 1.870 1.897 : SC : 1.735 1.711 KY : 1.903 1.917 : TN : 1.952 1.963 MD : 1.720 1.630 : VA : 1.765 1.816 MA 2/ : 9.500 5.670 : WV : 1.878 1.915 MO : 1.895 1.905 : WI : 1.505 1.497 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1998 revised. 2/ CT and MA Type 61 not published to avoid disclosure. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly, by State and United States, July 1997 - April 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1997 : 1998 State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : FL : 1.555 1.655 1.820 1.790 GA : 1.590 1.640 1.800 1.760 IN : 1.900 1.915 1.875 1.805 1.770 1.670 KY : 1.905 1.925 1.915 1.880 1.775 1.715 MD : 1.770 1.645 MO : 1.890 1.895 1.895 NC : 1.530 1.565 1.750 1.780 1.760 1.880 1.815 OH : 1.875 1.885 1.875 1.810 1.600 SC : 1.630 1.670 1.800 1.795 TN : 1.910 1.910 2.000 2.085 2.180 VA : 1.600 1.690 1.795 1.810 1.935 1.880 WV : 1.870 1.900 1.850 1.695 : US : 1.580 1.595 1.755 1.785 1.845 1.920 1.920 1.915 1.810 1.695 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly, by State and United States, July 1998 - April 1999 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1998 : 1999 State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dollars per Pound : FL : 1.420 1.630 1.800 1.770 GA : 1.460 1.580 1.795 1.780 IN : 1.910 1.910 1.900 1.830 KY : 1.910 1.915 1.930 1.905 1.815 MD : 1.710 1.505 MO : 1.905 1.915 1.900 1.895 NC : 1.690 1.635 1.805 1.885 1.835 1.905 1.860 OH : 1.900 1.910 1.915 1.855 SC : 1.745 1.580 1.770 1.795 TN : 1.925 1.910 1.990 2.255 2.135 VA : 1.690 1.780 1.890 1.885 1.905 1.850 WV : : US : 1.630 1.625 1.795 1.865 1.905 1.915 1.930 1.965 1.810 1.505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Class, Type, State, and United States, July 1997 - April 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1997 Class and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.510 1.680 1.790 1.760 VA : 11 : 1.600 1.690 1.795 1.780 US : 11 : 1.545 1.685 1.790 1.765 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.540 1.565 1.765 1.780 1.750 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.520 1.620 1.790 1.780 1.720 SC : 13 : 1.630 1.670 1.805 1.795 US : 13 : 1.595 1.650 1.795 1.785 1.720 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.555 1.655 1.820 1.790 GA : 14 : 1.590 1.640 1.800 1.760 US : 14 : 1.585 1.645 1.805 1.765 Total Flue-cured : 11-14: 1.580 1.595 1.755 1.785 1.760 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 2.120 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : TN : 22 : US : 22 : Western District : : KY : 23 : TN : 23 : US : 23 : KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.120 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.900 1.915 KY : 31 : 1.905 1.920 MO : 31 : 1.890 1.895 NC : 31 : 1.870 1.880 OH : 31 : 1.875 1.885 TN : 31 : 1.910 1.910 VA : 31 : 1.910 1.915 WV : 31 : 1.870 1.900 US : 31 : 1.905 1.915 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.905 1.915 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 2.050 TN : 35 : 2.065 US : 35 : 2.055 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 2.090 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 2.065 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.900 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 2.060 : : Total All Classes : 11-37: 1.580 1.595 1.755 1.785 1.845 1.920 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- continued Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Class, Type, State and United States, July 1997 - April 1998 1/ (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1998 Class and State : Type :----------------------------------------------- : : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old Belts : : NC : 11 : VA : 11 : US : 11 : Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : SC : 13 : US : 13 : GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : GA : 14 : US : 14 : Total Flue-cured : 11-14: : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 2.140 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.435 2.210 2.025 3.065 TN : 22 : 2.400 2.305 2.260 US : 22 : 2.410 2.270 2.185 3.065 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.340 2.180 1.950 TN : 23 : 2.340 2.180 1.950 US : 23 : 2.340 2.180 1.950 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: 2.385 2.245 2.150 3.065 Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.380 2.245 2.150 3.065 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.875 1.805 1.770 1.670 KY : 31 : 1.885 1.810 1.755 1.700 MO : 31 : 1.895 NC : 31 : 1.815 1.570 OH : 31 : 1.875 1.810 1.600 TN : 31 : 1.855 1.675 1.700 VA : 31 : 1.845 WV : 31 : 1.850 1.695 US : 31 : 1.880 1.800 1.755 1.700 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.770 1.645 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.880 1.800 1.760 1.685 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.970 1.630 TN : 35 : 1.910 1.715 US : 35 : 1.960 1.660 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 2.010 1.850 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.980 1.770 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.960 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.980 1.770 : : Total All Classes : 11-37: 1.920 1.915 1.810 1.695 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1998 - April 1999 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1998 Cure, Area and State : Type :------------------------------------------ : : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec ------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : 1.645 1.765 1.890 1.800 VA : 11 : 1.690 1.780 1.890 1.825 US : 11 : 1.660 1.770 1.890 1.805 Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : 1.695 1.640 1.825 1.895 NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : 1.665 1.575 1.780 1.810 SC : 13 : 1.745 1.580 1.770 1.795 US : 13 : 1.710 1.580 1.775 1.800 GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : 1.420 1.630 1.800 1.770 GA : 14 : 1.460 1.580 1.795 1.780 US : 14 : 1.450 1.585 1.795 1.780 Total Flue-cured : 11-14: 1.630 1.625 1.795 1.865 1.805 : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.960 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : TN : 22 : US : 22 : Western District : : KY : 23 : TN : 23 : US : 23 : KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 1.960 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.910 1.910 KY : 31 : 1.910 1.910 MO : 31 : 1.905 1.915 NC : 31 : 1.920 1.905 OH : 31 : 1.900 1.910 TN : 31 : 1.925 1.910 VA : 31 : 1.910 1.895 WV : 31 : US : 31 : 1.910 1.910 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.910 1.910 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 2.010 TN : 35 : 2.025 US : 35 : 2.010 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 2.005 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 2.010 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.725 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 2.005 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.630 1.625 1.795 1.865 1.905 1.915 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Tobacco: Prices Received Monthly by Type, State and United States, July 1998 - April 1999 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1999 Cure, Area and State : Type :------------------------------------------------ : : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars per Pound Flue-cured: : : Old and Middle Belts : : NC : 11 : VA : 11 : US : 11 : Eastern NC Belt : : NC : 12 : NC Border & SC Belt : : NC : 13 : SC : 13 : US : 13 : GA-FL Belt : : FL : 14 : GA : 14 : US : 14 : Total Flue-cured : 11-14: : : Fire-cured: : : VA Belt : : VA : 21 : 1.840 Eastern District : : KY : 22 : 2.285 2.235 2.160 TN : 22 : 2.235 2.290 2.135 US : 22 : 2.255 2.275 2.140 Western District : : KY : 23 : 2.180 2.115 2.030 TN : 23 : 2.180 2.115 2.020 US : 23 : 2.180 2.115 2.030 KY-TN Fire-cured : 22-23: 2.230 2.240 2.130 Total Fire-cured : 21-23: 2.220 2.240 2.130 : : Air-cured: : : Light Air-cured: : : Burley : : IN : 31 : 1.900 1.830 KY : 31 : 1.900 1.850 1.625 MO : 31 : 1.900 1.895 NC : 31 : 1.860 OH : 31 : 1.915 1.855 TN : 31 : 1.880 1.685 VA : 31 : 1.850 WV : 31 : US : 31 : 1.895 1.850 1.625 Southern MD Belt : : MD : 32 : 1.710 1.505 Total Light Air-cured : 31-32: 1.895 1.850 1.695 1.505 : : Dark Air-cured: : : One Sucker Belt : : KY : 35 : 1.870 1.780 TN : 35 : 1.825 1.600 US : 35 : 1.860 1.730 Green River Belt : : KY : 36 : 1.940 1.925 KY-TN Dark Air-cured : 35-36: 1.885 1.810 VA Sun-cured Belt : : VA : 37 : 1.675 Total Dark Air-cured : 35-37: 1.885 1.810 : : Total All Cures : 11-37: 1.930 1.965 1.810 1.505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of 2600 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's price represents a 3-5 day period around the mid-month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of "Agricultural Prices". Reliability: U.S. price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Prices Paid by Farmers The May Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) was 117 (1990-92=100), 0.9 percent more than April 1999 but unchanged from May 1998. Production Index: The farm production, goods, and services index for May, at 113, was unchanged from last month but 2.6 percent below last year. Since April, lower prices for feeder cattle, feed grains, and herbicides offset higher prices for hays and forages, feed supplements, feed concentrates, and nitrogen fertilizers. Feed: The feed index, at 104, was 2.0 percent more than April but 7.1 percent less than last May. Since April, higher prices for hay and forages, feed supplements, feed concentrates, and complete feeds more than offset lower prices for feed grains. Livestock and Poultry: The index for livestock and poultry purchases, at 89, was 3.3 percent lower than both last month and last year. Since April, lower prices for feeder cattle more than offset higher prices for feeder pigs. Fertilizer: The fertilizer index, at 108, was up 0.9 percent from April but 6.1 percent less than May a year ago. Since April, higher prices for nitrogen fertilizers, and potash and phosphate materials more than offset lower prices for mixed fertilizers. Agricultural Chemicals: The chemical index, at 120, was down 0.8 percent from last month and 1.6 percent less than last May. Prices were lower in May for herbicides, other chemicals, and insecticides. Fuels: The fuels index, at 88, was unchanged from a month earlier but 5.4 percent below May 1998. Compared to last month, prices were slightly lower for diesel fuel but slightly higher for gasoline. Farm Machinery: The May farm machinery index was 135, unchanged from April but 2.3 percent above last May. Since April, self-propelled machinery and other machinery were marginally higher but not enough to change the index. Consumer Price Index: The April 1999 Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.7 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 166.2 (1982-84=100). This compares to the March index of 165. For the 12-month period ending in April, the overall index has increased 2.3 percent. Index Numbers of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, May 1999 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : May : Apr : May : May : Apr : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) : 1563 *1551 1551 117 116 117 Production : 1123 *1097 1097 116 113 113 Feed : 547 *496 506 112 *102 104 Livestock and Poultry : 1172 *1181 1143 92 92 89 Seeds : 1216 1196 1196 123 121 121 Fertilizer : 420 394 396 115 107 108 Agricultural Chemicals : 756 749 744 122 121 120 Fuels : 717 682 682 93 88 88 Supplies & Repairs : 844 *856 856 119 *121 121 Autos & Trucks : 3147 *3171 3174 118 119 119 Farm Machinery : 3309 3377 3383 132 135 135 Building Material : 1606 *1617 1619 118 119 119 Farm Services & Rent : 1472 1445 1445 Farm Services : 116 116 116 Rent : 134 130 130 Interest 1/ : 2739 2757 2757 109 110 110 Taxes 2/ : 3185 3214 3214 119 120 120 Wage Rates : 4840 *5066 5066 129 *135 135 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) : 1567 1545 1545 117 115 115 Family Living-CPI 3/ : 1546 *1579 1579 121 *123 123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : 88 *83 85 Parity Ratio 4/ : 42 *39 41 Parity Ratio Adjusted 5/ : 45 42 43 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 6/ : 1048 *1058 1057 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : 120 120 120 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 114 *113 113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : 106 101 101 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 120 119 119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.057 for 1999 and the revised factor is 1.065 for 1998. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-Components United States, May 1999 With Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :--------------------------- Index :5-Year Moving Average 1/ : 1998 : 1999 :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : May : Apr : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent ---- ---- (1990-92=100) --- : Production Items : 67.0 67.4 116 113 113 : Feed : 11.6 11.6 112 *102 104 Feed Grains : 2.1 2.1 99 *86 85 Complete Feeds : 5.1 5.1 113 106 106 Hay/Forages : 1.3 1.3 128 104 114 Concentrates : 1.9 1.9 109 95 97 Supplements : 1.3 1.3 117 118 124 Livestock & Poultry : 7.5 7.2 92 92 89 Feeder Cattle : 5.9 5.6 92 88 84 Feeder Pigs : 0.6 0.6 72 *106 109 Milk Cow Replacements : 0.6 0.6 98 110 110 Poultry : 0.5 0.4 110 110 110 Seeds : 2.8 2.8 123 121 121 Field Crops : 2.5 2.6 123 121 121 Grasses/Legumes : 0.3 0.3 123 121 121 Fertilizer : 4.8 4.9 115 107 108 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.1 116 115 115 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.0 113 97 98 Potash & Phosphate : 0.7 0.7 115 116 117 Agricultural Chemicals : 3.7 3.8 122 121 120 Herbicides : 2.4 2.4 117 116 114 Insecticides : 0.9 0.9 136 139 139 Fungicides/Other : 0.5 0.5 121 117 117 Fuels : 2.7 2.7 93 88 88 Diesel : 1.4 1.4 85 83 83 Gasoline : 1.0 1.0 101 96 96 LP Gas : 0.3 0.3 102 91 91 Farm Supplies & Repairs : 5.4 5.6 119 *121 121 Supplies : 1.8 1.9 115 117 117 Repairs : 3.6 3.7 121 *123 123 Autos & Trucks : 1.4 1.4 118 119 119 Autos : 0.2 0.2 113 112 112 Trucks : 1.2 1.3 119 120 120 Farm Machinery : 4.1 4.0 132 135 135 Tractors : 0.9 0.9 130 132 132 Self-Propelled : 1.7 1.6 131 134 134 Other Machinery : 1.6 1.5 134 137 137 Building Materials : 2.7 2.8 118 119 119 Farm Services : 12.2 12.4 116 116 116 Custom Rates : 1.3 1.3 117 117 117 Other Services : 10.9 11.1 116 116 116 Rent : 8.1 8.2 134 130 130 Cash : 3.7 3.7 141 141 141 Share : 4.5 4.5 129 121 121 Interest : 5.0 4.5 109 110 110 Taxes : 3.2 3.1 119 120 120 Wage Rates : 6.9 6.9 129 *135 135 Family Living-CPI : 18.0 17.7 121 *123 123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Weights may not add due to rounding. Feed Price Ratios: United States, May 1999 With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1998 : 1999 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :---------------------------- : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower Feed : equal in value to 1 pound of Broiler live weight : *5.5 *6.4 7.3 : Market Egg-Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in : value to 1 dozen Market Eggs : *6.7 *9.2 7.7 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of All Hogs, live weight : *18.1 *14.7 18.4 : Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of All Milk : *2.71 *2.97 2.94 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : live weight : 28.3 *32.2 32.1 : Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight : 5.8 7.8 8.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. * Revised. Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios United States, May 1999 With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1998 : 1999 Commodity : Unit :---------------------------------------------- : : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Broilers, Live : Lb : *.375 .343 .378 Eggs, Market : Doz : *.387 .432 .350 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : *42.30 *30.20 37.00 Milk, All : Cwt : *14.00 *12.60 12.90 : : Steers and Heifers : Cwt : 66.30 *66.00 64.50 Turkeys, Live : Lb : *.355 .387 .397 : : Corn : Bu : 2.34 *2.05 2.01 Hay, Alfalfa, Baled : Ton : *107.00 85.60 95.70 : : Soybeans : Bu : 6.26 *4.63 4.46 Wheat, All : Bu : 3.06 *2.62 2.58 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Revised. Feeder Livestock: Prices Paid, United States, May 1999 With Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : 1998 : 1999 ITEM : Unit :---------------------------------------------- : : May : Apr : May ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Dollars Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 77.50 74.40 70.90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feed Price Ratios, Monthly, United States, January 1996 - May 1999 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : Year:Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec:Avg : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-Feed Ratio 3/ : 1996: 4.7 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.1 4.1 4.4 5.0 5.3 5.4 4.4 1997: 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.7 1998: 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.5 6.1 6.7 8.1 8.2 7.7 7.1 6.7 6.3 1999: 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.4 7.3 : : Market Egg-Feed Ratios 4/ : 1996: 9.8 8.7 9.1 7.9 6.5 6.7 6.3 6.9 8.1 9.3 11.3 12.5 8.6 1997:10.1 9.9 8.6 7.4 7.1 6.6 8.2 7.8 9.3 8.7 11.4 11.0 8.8 1998:10.1 8.3 9.4 8.5 6.7 8.0 7.9 10.8 10.7 11.3 12.6 12.8 9.7 1999:11.7 10.6 11.3 9.2 7.7 : : Turkey-Feed Ratio 5/ : 1996: 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.3 6.2 6.4 6.1 5.3 1997: 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.6 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.7 1998: 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.8 6.1 6.5 7.6 8.1 8.3 8.2 7.5 6.7 1999: 6.5 7.0 7.5 7.8 8.2 : : Milk-Feed Ratio 6/ : 1996: 2.59 2.42 2.35 2.17 2.10 2.17 2.19 2.28 2.64 2.98 2.85 2.70 2.45 1997: 2.44 2.35 2.27 2.14 2.07 2.12 2.24 2.35 2.44 2.63 2.73 2.80 2.38 1998: 2.75 2.77 2.73 2.70 2.71 2.87 2.98 3.60 3.98 4.18 4.22 4.27 3.31 1999: 4.09 3.70 3.59 2.97 2.94 : : Hog-Corn Ratio 7/ : 1996:13.8 13.8 13.9 12.9 13.7 13.4 13.2 13.9 15.4 19.3 20.5 21.1 15.4 1997:20.0 19.9 17.7 19.2 21.6 22.6 24.3 22.1 20.0 18.6 18.0 16.5 20.0 1998:14.1 14.0 13.6 14.8 18.1 18.5 16.8 18.6 16.1 14.3 9.7 7.3 14.7 1999:12.8 13.5 13.5 14.7 18.4 : : Steer & Heifer-Corn Feed Ratio 8/ : 1996:20.3 18.1 17.2 15.1 13.9 14.2 14.0 15.0 19.1 23.6 25.8 24.9 18.4 1997:24.2 24.6 24.3 24.3 25.4 25.4 27.0 26.6 25.2 26.5 27.1 26.5 25.6 1998:25.8 24.8 25.2 27.5 28.3 28.3 27.9 31.6 32.2 32.1 32.3 30.0 28.8 1999:30.2 31.0 31.8 31.9 32.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly commerical feed surveys discontinued in January 1995. Comparable complete feeds are based on US prices for Corn, Alfalfa Hay, Soybeans, and All Wheat. 2/ Simple average of monthly ratios, January through December. 3/ Number of pounds of Broiler Grower Feed (corn-58 pounds, soybeans-42 pounds) equal in value to one pound of Broilers, live weight. 4/ Number of pounds of Laying Feed (corn-75 pounds, soybeans-25 pounds) equal in value to one dozen Market Eggs. 5/ Number of pounds of Turkey Grower Feed (corn-51 pounds, soybeans-28 pounds, all wheat-21 pounds) equal in value to one pound of Turkeys, live weight. 6/ Number of pounds of 16% protein Mixed Dairy Feed (corn-51 pounds, soybeans-8 pounds, alfalfa hay-41 pounds) equal in value to one pound of All Milk. 7/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of All Hogs, live weight. 8/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of Steers & Heifers, live weight. Prices Paid by Farmers Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each April to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for, agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual April Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Statistical Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of "Agricultural Prices". The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely in April when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization in April are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Index Prices Received U.S. Prices and Indexes Page Page Narrative................ A-2 Cows, Beef............. A-18 Price Indexes............ A-3 Cows, Milk............. A-21 Prices Received Eggs................... A-20 U.S. Summary........... A-6-7 Flaxseed............... A-14 Selected Commodities... A-12 Fruit, Citrus.......... A-16 Upland Cotton and Rice: Hay.................... A-15 Prices and Marketings.. A-15 All Hogs............... A-19 Parity Prices............ A-22-23 Lambs.................. A-20 Reliability Statement.... A-31 Milk................... A-21 Oats................... A-13 Monthly State Prices Peanuts................ A-14 Potatoes............... A-17 Apples................... A-15 Sheep.................. A-20 Barley................... A-13 Sorghum, Grain......... A-13 Barrows and Gilts........ A-19 Soybeans............... A-13 Beans, Dry Edible........ A-14 Sows................... A-19 Beef Cattle.............. A-18 Steers and Heifers..... A-18 Broilers................. A-20 Sunflower.............. A-14 Calves................... A-18 Tobacco................ A-14 Corn..................... A-13 Turkeys................ A-20 Cotton................... A-15 Wheat.................. A-12 Cottonseed............... A-15 Special Features Tobacco: Marketing Year Average, by Type, State, and U.S., 1997-98 .............................................. A-24-25 Tobacco: Revised Monthly Prices, All Types by State and U.S., 1997-99 .............................................. A-26 Tobacco: Revised Monthly Prices, by Type, State, and U.S., 1997-99 .............................................. A-27-30 Index Prices Paid Page Narrative .................................................. B-1 Indexes and Parity Ratios .................................. B-2-3 Charts ..................................................... B-4-6 Feed Ratios ................................................ B-7 Commodity Prices Used in Feed Price Ratios .................. B-7 Reliability Statement ...................................... B-9 U.S. Average Prices: Feeder Livestock and Poultry ............................ B-7 Special Features Feed: Price Ratios, January 1996 - May 1999 ................ B-8 Report Features Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Estimates Division of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Crops Branch C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-3843 Rhonda Brandt - Corn (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Barley, Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Hay, Sorghum (202) 720-3234 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Oilseeds (202) 690-7369 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat (202) 720-8068 Fruit and Vegetable Section Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus (202) 720-5412 Steve Gunn - Apples, Non-Citrus Fruits (202) 720-4288 Howard Hill - Grapes, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Jeffery Kissel - Dry Beans, Peaches, Pears (202) 690-0270 Biz Wallingsford - Vegetables, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 Commodity Prices Coordinator Charles Van Lahr (202) 720-5446 Kirby Cavett - Prices Received Indexes (202) 690-3237 Livestock and Economic Branch Robert W. Milton, Chief (202) 720-3570 Livestock Section Dan Kerestes, Head (202) 720-4447 James Hand - Sheep, Lambs, Milk (202) 690-3236 Greg Matli - Hogs (202) 720-3106 Greg Thessen - Cattle (202) 720-3040 Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section Rick Schuchardt, Head (202) 720-6351 Dan Boostrum - Eggs (202) 720-3244 Tom Krutchen - Broilers, Honey (202) 690-4870 John Lange - Turkeys (202) 720-8784 Farm Inputs Section (Prices Paid) Mark Harris, Head (202) 720-4214 Kim Nielsen - Prices Paid Indexes, Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds (202) 690-3347 Jim Williams - Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Grazing Fees, Autos & Trucks (202) 690-3225 The next "Agricultural Prices" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on June 29, 1999. 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