Pr 1 (3-10) Agricultural Prices Washington, D.C. Released March 30, 2010, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Prices" see page 35, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. March Farm Prices Received Index Up 6 Points The preliminary All Farm Products Index of Prices Received by Farmers in March, at 141 percent, based on 1990-92=100, increased 6 points (4.4 percent) from February. The Crop Index is up 8 points (5.4 percent) and the Livestock Index increased 5 points (4.1 percent). Producers received higher prices for onions, lettuce, eggs, and cattle and lower prices for milk, corn, soybeans, and apples. In addition to prices, the overall index is also affected by the seasonal change based on a 3-year average mix of commodities producers sell. Increased monthly marketings of strawberries, soybeans, broilers, and milk offset decreased marketings of cattle, corn, cotton, and oranges. The preliminary All Farm Products Index is up 15 points (12 percent) from March 2009. The Food Commodities Index, at 143, increased 10 points (7.5 percent) from last month and increased 21 points (17 percent) from March 2009. Prices Paid Index Unchanged The March Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) is 184 percent of the 1990-1992 average. The index is unchanged from February but is 4 points (2.2 percent) above March 2009. Lower prices in March for complete feeds, LP gas, herbicides, and supplements offset higher prices for potash & phosphate, diesel, nitrogen, and feeder cattle. Index Summary Table -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2009 : 2010 Index :-------------------------------------------------------------- 1990-92=100 : Feb : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices Received : 126 126 135 141 : Prices Paid : 179 180 184 184 : Ratio 1/ : 70 70 73 77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Ratio of index of prices received by farmers to index of prices paid by farmers. Prices Received by Farmers The March All Farm Products Index is 141 percent of its 1990-92 base, up 4.4 percent from the February index and 12 percent above the March 2009 index. ALL CROPS: The March index is 155, up 5.4 percent from February and March 2009. Index increases for commercial vegetables, fruits & nuts, and potatoes & dry beans more than offset the index decreases for feed grains & hay, oil- bearing crops, food grains, and cotton. Food Grains: The March index, at 171, is 0.6 percent below the previous month and 15 percent lower than a year ago. The March all wheat price, at $4.63 per bushel, is down 10 cents from February and $1.08 below March 2009. Feed Grains & Hay: The March index is 151, down 1.3 percent from last month and 11 percent below a year ago. The corn price, at $3.49 per bushel, is down 6 cents from last month and 36 cents below March 2009. The all hay price, at $108.00 per ton, is up $1.00 from February but down $21.00 from last March. Sorghum grain, at $5.34 per cwt, is 10 cents below February and 3 cents lower than March last year. Cotton: The March index, at 105, is down 1.9 percent from February but 57 percent above last year. The March price, at 63.9 cents per pound, is down 1.1 cents from the previous month but up 23.5 cents from last March. Oil-Bearing Crops: The March index, at 163, is down 3.0 percent from February and 0.6 percent lower than March 2009. The soybean price, at $9.16 per bushel, decreased 25 cents from February but is 4 cents higher than March 2009. Fruits & Nuts: The March index, at 151, is up 7.1 percent from February and 24 percent higher than a year ago. Price increases for oranges and lemons more than offset price decreases for strawberries, apples, grapefruit, and pears. Commercial Vegetables: The March index, at 229, is up 53 percent from last month and 52 percent above March 2009. Price increases during March for lettuce, tomatoes, onions, and broccoli more than offset the lower price for asparagus. Potatoes & Dry Beans: The March index, at 133, is up 1.5 percent from last month but 17 percent below March 2009. The all potato price, at $7.46 per cwt, is up 12 cents from February but down $1.81 from last March. The all dry bean price, at $30.80 per cwt, is up 50 cents from the previous month but $1.70 below March 2009. LIVESTOCK & PRODUCTS: The March index, at 128, is 4.1 percent above last month and up 17 percent from March 2009. Compared with a year ago, prices are higher for milk, cattle, eggs, hogs, broilers, turkeys, and calves. Meat Animals: The March index, at 119, is up 4.4 percent from last month and 13 percent higher than last year. The March hog price, at $52.80 per cwt, is up $4.00 from February and $8.90 higher than a year ago. The March beef cattle price of $88.80 per cwt is up $3.30 from last month and $9.70 higher than March 2009. Dairy Products: The March index, at 116, is down 4.9 percent from a month ago but 29 percent higher than March last year. The March all milk price of $15.10 per cwt is 80 cents lower than last month but up $3.30 from March 2009. The fluid grade milk price is down 80 cents from last month and the manufacturing grade milk price is 70 cents lower. Poultry & Eggs: The March index, at 159, is up 9.7 percent from February and 16 percent above a year ago. The March market egg price, at $1.06 per dozen, increased 28.5 cents from February and 41.7 cents from March 2009. The March broiler price, at 49.0 cents per pound, is up 2.0 cents from February and 4.0 cents above a year ago. The March turkey price, at 52.2 cents per pound, is up 3.1 cents from the previous month and 5.1 cents from a year earlier. Contents U.S. Prices Received and Indexes Page Narrative .................................................................. 2 Price Indexes .............................................................. 5 Index Charts ............................................................... 6 U.S. Prices Received Summary ............................................... 8 Price Charts ............................................................... 10 Selected Commodities ....................................................... 14 Upland Cotton & Rice Marketings ............................................ 17 Parity Prices .............................................................. 24 Reliability Statement ...................................................... 26 Monthly State Prices Received Apples ..................................................................... 17 Barley ..................................................................... 15 Beans, Dry Edible .......................................................... 16 Beef Cattle, All ........................................................... 20 Calves ................................................................... 20 Cows, Beef ............................................................... 20 Steers and Heifers ....................................................... 20 Canola ..................................................................... 16 Citrus Fruit ............................................................... 18 Corn ....................................................................... 15 Cotton ..................................................................... 17 Cottonseed ................................................................. 17 Flaxseed ................................................................... 16 Hay ........................................................................ 17 Hogs, All .................................................................. 21 Barrows and Gilts ........................................................ 21 Sows ..................................................................... 21 Milk ....................................................................... 23 Milk Cows .................................................................. 23 Oats ....................................................................... 15 Peanuts .................................................................... 16 Potatoes.................................................................... 19 Rice ....................................................................... 17 Sheep ...................................................................... 22 Lambs ...................................................................... 22 Sorghum Grain............................................................... 15 Soybeans ................................................................... 15 Sunflower, All ............................................................. 16 Wheat, All Classes ......................................................... 14 Contents (continued) U.S. Prices Paid, Prices Paid Indexes and Ratios Page Narrative .................................................................. 27 Indexes and Parity ......................................................... 28 Charts .................................................................... 30 Feed Price Ratios ......................................................... 33 Reliability Statement ..................................................... 34 U.S. Average Prices Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios ................................ 33 Feeder Livestock .......................................................... 33 Information Contacts ...................................................... 35 Index Numbers of Prices Received, United States, March 2010 with Comparisons 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14=100 : 1990-92=100 :------------------------------------------------------ Index : : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 :Average :--------------------------------------------- :1990-92 : Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Farm Products : 639 800 *855 897 126 *135 141 : All Crops : 500 729 *727 770 147 *147 155 Food Grains : 325 638 *546 541 201 *172 171 Feed Grains & Hay : 363 602 *546 537 169 *153 151 Cotton : 517 342 *550 541 67 *107 105 Tobacco 2/ : 1263 1569 1564 1564 104 103 103 Oil-Bearing Crops : 554 899 *921 896 164 *168 163 Fruits & Nuts : 716 851 *982 1052 122 *141 151 Commercial Vegetables : 698 1077 *1074 1637 151 *150 229 Potatoes & Dry Beans : 540 814 *664 672 161 *131 133 Other Crops : 493 607 607 607 123 123 123 : Livestock & Products : 768 833 *943 980 109 *123 128 Meat Animals : 1021 1067 *1159 1210 105 *114 119 Dairy Products : 799 726 978 929 90 122 116 Poultry & Eggs : 282 385 *406 445 137 *145 159 : Food Commodities : 122 *133 143 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. 2/ Monthly prices discontinued July 2005. Selected Index Numbers for Prices Received and Paid, 1990-92=100, by Month, United States, 2009 and 2010 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Index of Prices Received : Index of Prices Paid :---------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Livestock : : Month : All Farm : All : and : All : Production : Products : Crops : Products : Items : Items :---------------------------------------------------------------- :2009 :2010 :2009 : 2010 : 2009 :2010 : 2009 :2010 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jan : 139 139 161 152 114 122 180 184 184 188 Feb : 126 135 146 147 109 123 179 184 183 187 Mar : 126 141 147 155 109 128 180 184 184 187 Apr : 129 150 112 180 185 May : 129 149 113 180 185 Jun : 133 157 111 180 184 Jul : 130 149 112 179 182 Aug : 126 145 108 178 181 Sep : 125 141 108 177 180 Oct : 133 151 110 178 180 Nov : 135 152 115 179 182 Dec : 135 148 119 179 182 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Prices Received, United States, March 2010, with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month :Preliminary : : Average :---------------------------------- Commodity :Unit: 1990-92 : Mar : Feb : Mar : : : 2009 : 2010 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : : : Field Crops : : : : Barley, All : Bu : 2.12 5.03 4.51 3.82 Feed : Bu : 1.90 2.73 3.10 2.40 Malting : Bu : 2.43 5.50 4.68 4.00 Beans, Dry Edible : Cwt: 19.10 32.50 30.30 30.80 Canola : Cwt: 15.20 5/ 5/ Chickpeas, All : Cwt: 28.40 27.30 5/ Large : Cwt: 28.40 28.70 5/ Small : Cwt: 5/ 19.30 6/ Corn : Bu : 2.30 3.85 3.55 3.49 Cotton, Upland : Lb : 0.606 0.404 0.650 0.639 Cottonseed 1/ : Ton: 96.00 151.00 : : Flaxseed : Bu : 4.27 8.84 8.50 8.55 Hay, All, Baled 2/ : Ton: 76.30 129.00 107.00 108.00 Alfalfa 2/ : Ton: 77.20 138.00 111.00 111.00 Other 2/ : Ton: 60.00 110.00 97.10 98.60 Lentils : Cwt: 30.80 28.80 25.60 Oats : Bu : 1.22 2.77 2.28 2.12 Peanuts, In-Shell : Lb : 0.304 0.254 0.210 0.207 Peas, Dry Edible : Cwt: 11.80 8.94 8.18 Austrian Winter : Cwt: 6/ 6/ 6/ Potatoes : Cwt: 5.82 9.27 7.34 7.46 : : Rice, All : Cwt: 7.07 15.60 14.40 14.60 Long 3/ : Cwt: 13.70 13.40 13.50 Medium & Short 3/ : Cwt: 25.90 17.20 17.60 Sorghum Grain : Cwt: 3.75 5.37 5.44 5.34 Soybeans : Bu : 5.61 9.12 9.41 9.16 Sunflower, All : Cwt: 9.50 22.10 16.80 16.00 : : Wheat, All : Bu : 2.96 5.71 4.73 4.63 Winter : Bu : 2.93 5.27 4.52 4.20 Durum : Bu : 2.86 7.40 4.61 5.03 Other Spring : Bu : 3.11 6.50 5.05 5.13 Hard Red Winter : Bu : 5.37 4.54 Soft Red Winter : Bu : 4.97 4.37 Hard Red Spring : Bu : 6.57 5.06 White : Bu : 3.24 5.12 4.52 : : Fruit : : : : Citrus, Equiv on-tree : : Grapefruit : Box: 5.77 3.61 6.66 6.14 Lemons : Box: 10.10 1.80 8.52 8.56 Oranges : Box: 5.79 7.08 7.07 7.35 Tangelos : Box: 5.82 6/ 4.68 6/ Tangerines and Mandarins : Box: 15.11 14.38 7.32 8.67 : : Noncitrus, Fresh : : Apples 4/ : Lb : 0.212 0.215 0.296 0.295 Grapes 4/ : Ton: 506.00 6/ 6/ 6/ Peaches 4/ : Ton: 432.00 6/ 6/ 6/ Pears 4/ : Ton: 370.00 452.00 391.00 369.00 Strawberries : Cwt: 56.00 91.10 144.00 134.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketing year August - February. 2/ Mid-month price. 3/ Published estimates began in August 2008. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, MI, and NY (apples only), and WA (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. 5/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 6/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Prices Received, United States, March 2010, with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Entire Month :Preliminary : : Average :-------------------------------------- Commodity :Unit : 1990-92 : Mar : Feb : Mar : : : 2009 : 2010 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : : : Vegetables, Fresh 1/ : : : : Asparagus : Cwt : 79.80 82.00 90.40 85.60 Broccoli : Cwt : 22.50 46.90 26.90 46.80 Cantaloups 2/ : Cwt : Carrots : Cwt : 13.20 25.20 23.90 27.60 Cauliflower : Cwt : 26.80 51.30 36.60 73.00 Celery : Cwt : 11.60 15.00 21.60 27.00 Corn, Sweet : Cwt : 15.70 59.30 56.60 Cucumbers 2/ : Cwt : Lettuce : Cwt : 11.90 19.40 13.80 24.20 Onions : Cwt : 12.80 6.99 16.70 38.30 Snap Beans 2/ : Cwt : 68.80 137.00 Tomatoes : Cwt : 32.30 41.50 75.10 121.00 : : Livestock : : : : Calves : Cwt : 94.30 106.00 112.00 113.00 Cattle, All Beef : Cwt : 72.90 79.10 85.50 88.80 Cows 3/ : Cwt : 49.60 44.40 51.60 52.40 Steers & Heifers : Cwt : 77.10 84.00 90.50 93.90 Milk Cows 4/ : Head: 1130.00 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 47.70 43.90 48.80 52.80 Barrows & Gilts : Cwt : 48.40 44.00 48.80 52.80 Sows : Cwt : 39.50 41.90 48.90 51.30 : : Lambs : Cwt : 56.20 100.00 106.00 Sheep : Cwt : 23.40 32.10 55.00 : : Dairy and Poultry : : : : Milk, All 5/ 6/ : Cwt : 13.06 11.80 15.90 15.10 Fluid Grade 6/ : Cwt : 13.10 11.80 15.90 15.10 Mfg Grade 6/ : Cwt : 11.80 11.10 14.50 13.80 : : Broilers, Live 7/ : Lb : 0.317 0.450 0.470 0.490 Eggs, All 8/ : Doz : 0.643 0.816 0.917 1.160 Market 8/ 9/ : Doz : 0.546 0.643 0.775 1.060 Turkeys, live 8/ 10/: Lb : 0.380 0.471 0.491 0.522 : : Adjusted for Seasonal : : Variation 11/ : : Eggs, All : Doz : 0.545 0.727 0.893 1.030 Milk, All 5/ : Cwt : 9.71 12.80 16.80 16.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beginning January 2006, point of first sale. F.O.B. shipping point for prior years. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ March 2010 Fat test percent: all milk, 3.69; fluid milk, 3.69; mfg grade, 4.01. 7/ Equivalent live weight price. 8/ Mid-month price. 9/ Also referred to as table eggs. 10/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. 11/ Seasonal adjustment factors are: All Eggs March 2009, 112; February 2010, 103; and March 2010, 112. All Milk March 2009, 92; February 2010, 95; and March 2010, 92. Wheat: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Winter Wheat : Durum Wheat :Oth Spring Wheat State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : AZ : 3/ 4/ 3/ 4/ AR : 4.26 4.40 4.26 4.40 CA : 5.78 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 4/ CO : 4.29 3.97 4.29 3.96 3/ 3/ ID : 4.91 4.78 4.51 4.00 3/ 3/ 5.17 5.00 IL : 4.08 4.20 4.08 4.20 IN : 4.30 3.93 4.30 3.93 KS : 4.32 4.00 4.32 4.00 MI : 4.39 4.15 4.39 4.15 MN : 4.66 4.64 3.92 3.90 4.67 4.65 MO : 4.26 4.25 4.26 4.25 MT : 5.16 5.22 4.67 4.64 5.21 5.30 5.80 5.98 NE : 4.35 4.25 4.35 4.25 NC : 4.92 4.34 4.92 4.34 ND : 4.73 4.91 3.88 3.65 4.37 4.80 4.84 5.00 OH : 4.40 4.35 4.40 4.35 OK : 4.08 4.00 4.08 4.00 OR : 4.87 4.48 4.81 4.40 5.29 5.00 SD : 4.99 4.80 4.44 4.24 5.44 5.25 TX : 5.47 4.43 5.47 4.43 WA : 4.75 4.65 4.47 4.32 5.61 5.69 : US : 4.73 4.63 4.52 4.20 4.61 5.03 5.05 5.13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 4/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Prices Received for Selected Agricultural Commodities, by Month, United States, 2009 and 2010 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Wheat : Corn : Soybeans :Beef Cattle 2/ : All Hogs Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars per Bushel --------- ------- Dollars per ------- : ----------- Cwt ----------- : Jan : 6.20 4.92 4.36 3.66 9.97 9.79 80.10 82.10 42.80 48.40 Feb : 5.79 4.73 3.87 3.55 9.54 9.41 78.90 85.50 43.80 48.80 Mar : 5.71 4.63 3.85 3.49 9.12 9.16 79.10 88.80 43.90 52.80 Apr : 5.75 3.85 9.79 83.80 44.00 May : 5.84 3.96 10.70 83.20 44.60 Jun : 5.74 4.01 11.40 80.10 43.30 Jul : 5.13 3.60 10.80 80.90 43.30 Aug : 4.83 3.33 10.80 80.40 37.30 Sep : 4.48 3.25 9.75 80.50 37.70 Oct : 4.47 3.61 9.44 79.20 37.80 Nov : 4.79 3.65 9.53 79.60 40.30 Dec : 4.85 3.59 9.80 78.50 45.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months are for the entire month. 2/ Cows, steers and heifers. Grains: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Barley : Corn : Oats : Soybeans : Sorghum Grain State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/ :Mar 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :----------------- Dollars per Bushel ----------------- Dollars per Cwt : AL : AR : 9.00 9.00 4/ 4/ CA : 3/ 3/ CO : 3/ 3/ 3.56 3.34 ID : 4.84 5.13 IL : 3.48 3.45 3/ 3/ 9.44 9.30 7.44 7.30 IN : 3.69 3.40 9.82 9.30 IA : 3.66 3.50 2.48 2.00 9.30 9.10 KS : 3.39 3.26 9.17 8.85 5.30 5.18 KY : 3.88 3.80 10.00 9.60 LA : 9.44 8.88 3/ 4/ MI : 3.32 3.28 2.66 2.55 9.50 9.00 MN : 4.48 3/ 3.57 3.60 1.98 1.90 9.16 8.90 MS : 8.96 8.50 MO : 3.68 3.65 9.47 9.20 6.29 5.70 MT : 4.72 4.04 3/ 4/ NE : 3.57 3.60 3/ 3/ 9.21 9.20 5.55 5.55 NY : 3/ 3/ NC : 4.26 3.90 9.49 9.19 ND : 3.96 3.36 3.17 3.30 2.07 3/ 9.23 8.80 OH : 3.50 3.49 9.87 9.60 OK : 5.48 5.39 OR : 3.11 3.10 4/ 4/ PA : 3.89 3.86 3.67 3.44 SD : 3.12 3.15 2.11 2.05 9.22 8.90 TN : 3.97 3.85 9.47 9.40 TX : 3.82 3.66 4/ 4/ 6.13 5.93 UT : 3.03 2.86 WA : 2.90 2.76 WI : 3.47 3.42 2.17 1.98 9.57 9.00 WY : 3/ 4/ : US : 4.51 3.82 3.55 3.49 2.28 2.12 9.41 9.16 5.44 5.34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 4/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Malting and Feed Barley: Prices Received Selected State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Malting Barley : Feed Barley State :-------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Bushel : ID : 4.96 5.25 2.83 3/ MN : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ MT : 4.83 4.12 2.49 2.43 ND : 4.05 3.50 2.76 2.10 WY : 3/ 4/ 3/ 4/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 4/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Field Crops: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dry Edible : All : : : : Beans : Sunflower : Canola : Flaxseed :Peanuts 4/ 5/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- :Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 2/:Feb 1/:Mar 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :------------- Dollars per ------------- Dollars per Dollars per :----------------- Cwt ----------------- Bushel --- Pound --- : AL : 0.200 0.198 CA :60.00 6/ CO :33.00 31.40 15.50 7/ FL : 0.201 0.195 GA : 0.197 0.197 ID :29.80 32.00 KS : 16.00 15.00 MI :35.80 36.00 MN :35.90 6/ 19.30 6/ 6/ 7/ MS : 7/ 7/ NE :30.00 30.00 NM : 0.236 7/ NC : 0.235 0.238 ND :25.90 25.00 17.40 16.50 6/ 6/ 8.50 8.55 OK : 6/ 6/ SC : 0.222 0.232 SD : 14.60 14.40 TX : 0.234 0.224 VA : 0.224 0.231 : US :30.30 30.80 16.80 16.00 6/ 6/ 8.50 8.55 0.210 0.207 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. 3/ Based on sales through first half of month. 4/ In-Shell. 5/ Monthly published estimates for MS, NM, OK, and SC began in August 2009. 6/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 7/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Field Crops and Apples: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : March : Cotton, Upland :-------------------------------------------------- State : : Cotton- : Hay, Baled 3/ : Apples :-------------------: seed :-----------------------------: Fresh : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : 5/ : All : Alfalfa : Other :Use 2/ 4/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound -------- Dollars per Ton -------- Dol/Lb : AL : 0.650 0.635 AZ : 0.657 6/ 115.00 115.00 110.00 AR : 0.624 0.635 CA : 6/ 6/ 106.00 109.00 94.00 CO : 120.00 120.00 120.00 GA : 0.689 0.650 ID : 102.00 107.00 72.00 IL : 123.00 130.00 92.00 IA : 126.00 132.00 92.00 KS : 100.00 105.00 67.00 KY : 102.00 140.00 80.00 LA : 0.610 0.632 MI : 127.00 130.00 90.00 0.205 MN : 118.00 125.00 80.00 MS : 0.642 0.649 MO : 72.00 125.00 60.00 MT : 85.00 86.00 83.00 NE : 80.00 83.00 62.00 NV : 101.00 101.00 99.00 NM : 145.00 147.00 120.00 NY : 119.00 155.00 110.00 0.200 NC : 0.618 0.635 ND : 63.00 68.00 48.00 OH : 116.00 154.00 91.00 0.450 OK : 108.00 130.00 78.00 OR : 129.00 116.00 165.00 PA : 128.00 160.00 115.00 0.306 SD : 87.00 89.00 75.00 TN : 0.658 0.693 TX : 0.636 0.622 127.00 183.00 115.00 UT : 99.00 100.00 90.00 VA : 0.310 WA : 134.00 115.00 170.00 0.312 WI : 113.00 120.00 90.00 WY : 88.00 90.00 80.00 : US : 0.650 0.639 108.00 111.00 98.60 0.295 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on sales during the first half of the month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, MI, NY, and WA. Price at point of first sale for other States. 5/ Marketing year August - February. 6/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. 7/ Insufficient sales to establish a price. Upland Cotton and Rice: Prices Received and Marketings, United States, March 2010, with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit :Mar 2009 1/ :Feb 2010 1/ :Mar 2010 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Cotton, Upland : : Average Price :Dollars per Pound: 0.404 0.650 0.639 Marketings 3/ :1,000 Bales : 764 1,262 NA : : Rice, All : : Average Price :Dollars per Cwt : 15.60 14.40 14.60 Marketings 4/ :1,000 Cwt : 12,158 13,494 NA : : Rice, Long : : Average Price :Dollars per Cwt : 13.70 13.40 13.50 Marketings 4/ :1,000 Cwt : 10,300 10,012 NA : : Rice, Medium & Short : : Average Price :Dollars per Cwt : 25.90 17.20 17.60 Marketings 4/ :1,000 Cwt : 1,858 3,482 NA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Based on purchases for the first half of the month. 3/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - AL, AZ, AR, CA, GA, LA, MS, NC, TN, and TX. 4/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. Citrus Fruit: Prices and Equivalent Returns, by Utilization, by State and United States, March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent Returns 1/ Commodity, :F.O.B. :----------------------------------------------------- State :Packed : Packinghouse-door : On-tree and Type : Fresh :----------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh :Process : All : Fresh :Process -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Box : Grapefruit : CA : 21.20 11.40 11.40 2/ 8.30 8.30 2/ FL : 21.60 8.55 12.24 6.43 5.74 9.83 3.38 White : 24.00 7.86 14.65 5.95 5.13 12.00 3.20 Colored : 21.00 8.89 11.65 6.75 6.03 9.30 3.50 TX : 23.50 9.54 13.25 1.60 8.10 11.80 0.20 : US : 21.90 8.79 12.37 6.08 6.14 10.09 3.15 : Lemons : AZ : 36.30 16.10 25.61 3/ 10.35 19.86 3/ CA : 37.40 14.28 26.71 3/ 8.53 20.96 3/ : US : 37.40 14.31 26.69 3/ 8.56 20.94 3/ : Oranges : CA : Navel and Misc: 21.50 11.55 13.11 3/ 8.90 10.46 3/ : FL : Early and Mids: 20.80 7.67 10.90 6.85 5.11 8.10 4.35 Valencia : 22.40 9.09 12.50 8.90 6.48 9.70 6.30 : US : 21.60 9.98 13.01 8.21 7.35 10.34 5.61 : Tangerines and : Mandarins : AZ : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ CA : 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ FL : 26.50 11.28 14.50 3.80 7.17 10.50 -0.55 : US : 27.80 12.57 16.48 3.23 8.67 12.66 -0.85 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net lbs. per box: Grapefruit - AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; Lemons - 76; Oranges - AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; Tangelos - 90; Tangerines and Mandarins- AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 2/ Processed sales insignificant and included in fresh sales. 3/ Price not published to avoid disclosure of individual firms. Potatoes: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : :: : : State : Feb : Mar 2/ :: State : Feb : Mar 2/ : : :: : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt :: : Dollars per Cwt : :: : CA - All 3/ : 8.50 8.40 :: NC : - Winter : :: ND - All 3/ : 9.25 9.05 - Spring : :: - Fresh 4/ : 8.30 NA - Summer : :: - Processing : 9.50 NA - Fall : 8.50 8.40 :: OR : 7.35 7.90 CO - All 3/ : 5.70 5.65 :: TX : - Fresh 4/ : 5.60 NA :: VA : FL : 38.50 24.60 :: WA - All 3/ : 7.45 7.50 ID - All 3/ : 5.35 5.70 :: - Processing : 8.10 NA - Fresh 4/ : 3.00 NA :: WI - All 3/ : 9.10 9.45 - Processing : 7.90 NA :: - Fresh 4/ : 5.75 NA ME : 10.00 10.30 :: - Processing : 11.00 NA MI : 11.30 11.80 :: : MN : 7.00 7.05 :: US - All 3/ : 7.34 7.46 NY : 12.30 12.70 :: - Fresh 4/ : 5.76 NA : :: - Processing : 8.44 NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Missing data indicate no potatoes being marketed. 2/ Preliminary price reflecting prices received for the entire month. 3/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stocks, processing, seed, and livestock feed. 4/ Fresh market prices only, includes table stock prices. Cattle: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cows 1/ :Steers & Heifers : Beef Cattle 4/ : Calves State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ : Feb 2/ : Mar 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : AZ : 54.00 57.00 87.00 92.00 70.50 74.50 117.00 123.00 AR : 49.00 50.00 97.00 100.00 82.60 85.00 105.00 111.00 CA : 51.50 52.50 89.00 91.60 69.90 71.70 114.00 110.00 CO : 54.20 55.00 96.00 99.00 95.20 98.10 115.00 117.00 FL : 52.60 49.70 89.50 94.60 69.50 72.20 105.00 110.00 GA : 53.80 52.60 88.30 92.80 66.80 67.60 102.00 107.00 ID : 53.90 56.70 90.00 95.30 82.10 86.00 114.00 115.00 IL : 50.20 50.60 88.30 92.50 87.50 91.70 102.00 109.00 IA : 52.00 53.00 91.50 93.00 90.70 92.20 111.00 112.00 KS : 54.70 55.20 91.30 94.90 90.60 94.10 119.00 124.00 KY : 49.00 50.00 91.00 96.00 80.90 85.00 103.00 107.00 LA : 50.20 50.20 89.30 95.00 61.10 62.70 98.80 107.00 MI : 53.00 54.00 83.00 86.00 74.00 76.40 82.00 83.00 MN : 52.80 53.70 86.00 89.00 80.40 83.10 115.00 116.00 MO : 48.40 48.40 98.30 99.90 81.30 88.60 113.00 115.00 MT : 50.90 52.60 96.50 99.70 85.10 81.80 120.00 124.00 NE : 54.70 55.60 90.40 92.70 89.30 91.60 121.00 123.00 NM : 54.50 55.50 95.20 99.40 78.90 80.50 112.00 119.00 ND : 52.00 52.00 97.50 98.00 92.00 93.40 114.00 114.00 OH : 44.70 46.00 87.90 89.00 83.60 84.70 99.80 107.00 OK : 57.90 57.70 92.90 97.10 90.60 94.10 114.00 118.00 OR : 52.00 54.00 87.00 91.00 81.80 85.50 111.00 115.00 PA : 48.70 48.50 82.90 84.90 74.00 75.40 96.00 97.00 SD : 54.10 55.90 96.00 97.30 94.70 95.20 117.00 120.00 TN : 47.00 47.00 92.00 94.00 74.00 75.20 102.00 106.00 TX : 50.00 50.00 89.90 95.30 85.10 90.80 108.00 117.00 VA : 48.10 46.00 90.10 92.60 74.60 80.00 98.80 106.00 WI : 50.00 50.90 80.80 82.80 62.90 64.30 134.00 136.00 WY : 51.60 55.90 102.00 105.00 88.90 97.10 125.00 127.00 : US : 51.60 52.40 90.50 93.90 85.50 88.80 112.00 113.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 2/ Entire month. 3/ Mid-month. 4/ "Cows" and "steers and heifers" combined. Hogs: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows : Barrows and Gilts : All Hogs :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ : Feb 1/ : Mar 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : IL : 45.50 47.80 49.10 52.50 48.80 52.10 IN : 54.10 56.30 49.70 53.10 50.10 53.40 IA : 48.50 51.00 49.00 53.00 49.00 53.00 KS : 50.00 52.00 45.00 49.50 45.70 49.80 MN : 49.40 51.30 50.70 54.70 50.70 54.70 MO : 47.10 47.10 43.90 48.10 44.20 48.00 NE : 51.50 53.50 50.50 54.10 50.50 54.10 NC : 53.70 55.60 49.10 53.20 49.10 53.20 OH : 50.40 50.40 49.10 52.00 49.20 51.90 OK : 46.00 47.60 42.30 46.80 43.00 46.90 PA : 51.90 54.60 47.10 50.10 47.80 50.80 SD : 45.70 47.20 50.70 55.30 50.20 54.50 : US : 48.90 51.30 48.80 52.80 48.80 52.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Mid-month. Sheep and Lambs: Prices Received, by State, February 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : February State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sheep 1/ : Lambs 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Cwt : CA : 48.00 90.00 CO : 55.00 106.00 ID : 42.00 95.00 IA : 51.00 103.00 MN : 53.00 109.00 MO : 55.60 126.00 MT : 61.00 112.00 NE : 56.20 106.00 ND : 39.00 107.00 OH : 45.60 113.00 OR : 61.00 98.00 PA : 69.00 125.00 SD : 56.90 129.00 TX : 62.00 135.00 VA : 55.00 126.00 WV : 44.00 118.00 WY : 53.60 103.00 : US : 55.00 106.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. Milk and Milk Cows: Prices Received, by State, February and March 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : February 1/ : March :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : Fluid Grade : Manufacturing : All Milk : All Milk : : Milk 2/ 3/ : Grade Milk 3/ : 3/ : 3/ 4/ : Milk :---------------------------------------------------------------:Cows 5/ : : Fat : : Fat : : Fat : : Fat : : Price : Test : Price : Test : Price : Test : Price : Test : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dol/Cwt Percent Dol/Cwt Percent Dol/Cwt Percent Dol/Cwt Percent Dol/Head : AZ : 15.30 3.55 15.30 3.55 14.50 3.51 CA : 14.20 3.72 14.80 4.22 14.22 3.74 13.50 3.69 CO : 15.90 3.55 15.90 3.55 15.20 3.53 FL : 20.00 3.62 20.00 3.62 19.30 3.56 ID : 14.10 3.66 14.10 3.66 13.30 3.62 IL : 16.30 3.81 14.80 3.79 16.30 3.81 15.50 3.78 IN : 17.00 3.71 17.00 3.71 16.20 3.69 IA : 16.40 3.72 14.60 3.95 16.40 3.72 16.00 3.70 KS : 16.80 3.78 16.80 3.78 16.00 3.74 MI : 16.70 3.68 16.70 3.68 16.00 3.66 MN : 15.90 3.77 14.20 3.82 15.90 3.77 14.90 3.75 MO : 16.40 3.74 13.50 3.93 16.30 3.75 15.60 3.68 NM : 15.50 3.69 15.50 3.69 14.70 3.65 NY : 16.80 3.77 16.80 3.77 16.00 3.75 OH : 17.80 3.82 14.00 3.99 17.60 3.83 17.20 3.78 OR : 16.60 3.71 16.60 3.71 15.90 3.68 PA : 18.10 3.75 18.10 3.75 17.30 3.70 TX : 16.80 3.88 16.80 3.88 16.50 3.81 UT : 15.70 3.70 15.70 3.70 15.00 3.65 VT : 17.30 3.80 17.30 3.80 16.20 3.76 VA : 19.00 3.75 19.00 3.75 18.30 3.71 WA : 15.30 3.71 15.30 3.71 14.30 3.68 WI : 16.00 3.70 14.40 3.88 16.00 3.71 14.90 3.69 : US : 15.90 3.72 14.50 4.05 15.90 3.73 15.10 3.69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Entire month. 2/ Including milk diverted to manufacturing. 3/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 4/ Preliminary. 5/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published January, April, July and October. Parity Price for Manufacturing Grade Milk 1/: United States, February and March 2010, with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : Unit :Mar 2009 :Feb 2010 :Mar 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Equivalent : Dollars per Cwt : 41.20 42.30 42.10 Average Price F.O.B : Dollars per Cwt : 11.10 14.50 13.80 Average Fat Test of Milk : Percent : 4.01 4.05 4.01 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The parity price equivalent during 2010 is 93.2 percent of the parity price of all milk sold to plants, compared with 92.4 percent in 2009. For additional details, see January 2010 issue of "Agricultural Prices". Parity Prices for Farm Products and Average Prices Received as Percent of Parity Prices, United States, with Comparisons 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity Price : Price as Percent :Adjusted: : of Parity Commodity and Unit : Base :----------------------------------------- : Price : Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar : : 2009 : 2010 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars --------- ---- Percent --- : Basic Commodities : All Wheat, Bu : 0.597 13.40 14.70 14.60 43 32 32 Rice, Cwt : 1.38 35.70 33.90 33.80 44 42 43 Corn, Bu : 0.372 8.27 9.15 9.11 47 39 38 Cotton, Lb : American Upland : 0.084 1.81 2.07 2.06 22 31 31 Extra Long Staple : 0.132 3.10 3.25 3.23 32 35 35 Peanuts, Lb : 0.029 0.764 0.713 0.710 33 29 29 Small Chickpeas, Cwt 5/ : Large Chickpeas, Cwt 5/ : Lentils, Cwt 5/ : : Designated Nonbasic : All Milk, Sold to : Plants, Per Cwt 2/ : 1.83 44.20 45.00 44.80 29 37 37 Honey, Extracted, Lb 3/ : 0.127 2.80 3.12 3.11 50 45 45 : Wool and Mohair : Wool, Lb : 0.085 1.90 2.09 2.08 52 38 38 Mohair, Lb : 0.343 8.43 8.44 8.40 39 32 32 : Other Nonbasic : Barley, Bu : 0.416 9.03 10.20 10.20 56 44 37 Canola, Cwt : 1.630 36.40 40.10 39.90 42 41 41 Cottonseed, Ton : 15.10 331.00 371.00 370.00 64 41 41 Dry Edible Beans, Cwt : 2.88 64.60 70.80 70.50 50 43 44 Flaxseed, Bu : 0.972 21.90 23.90 23.80 40 36 36 Mustard Seed, Cwt : 2.59 55.80 63.70 63.40 Oats, Bu : 0.244 5.47 6.00 5.97 51 38 36 Potatoes, Cwt : 0.833 19.00 20.50 20.40 49 36 37 Rapeseed, Cwt : 2.04 43.10 50.20 49.90 Rye, Bu : 0.474 10.50 11.70 11.60 Safflower, Cwt : 1.95 45.20 48.00 47.70 Sorghum Grain, Cwt : 0.656 14.80 16.10 16.10 36 34 33 Soybeans, Bu : 0.916 20.10 22.50 22.40 45 42 41 All Sunflower, Cwt : 1.85 41.20 45.50 45.30 54 37 35 Sweetpotatoes, Cwt : 2.27 53.30 55.80 55.60 Apples, Fresh, Lb 4/ : 0.033 0.764 0.812 0.808 28 36 37 Citrus (equiv on-tree), Box : Grapefruit : 0.648 14.90 15.90 15.90 24 42 39 Lemons : 1.38 32.90 33.90 33.80 5 25 25 Oranges : 0.660 15.30 16.20 16.20 46 44 45 Tangerines : 1.39 32.70 34.20 34.00 44 21 26 Beef Cattle, Cwt : 10.20 236.00 251.00 250.00 34 34 36 Calves, Cwt : 14.40 338.00 354.00 353.00 31 32 32 Hogs, Cwt : 5.54 129.00 136.00 136.00 34 36 39 Lambs, Cwt : 11.50 266.00 283.00 282.00 38 37 Sheep, Cwt : 4.35 103.00 107.00 106.00 31 51 Eggs, Doz 2/ : 0.091 2.11 2.24 2.23 34 40 46 Turkeys, Live, Lb : 0.056 1.300 1.380 1.370 36 36 38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5/ Not available. Parity Prices for Farm Products, March 2010, United States 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Nonbasic :Adjusted:Parity :: Other Nonbasic :Adjusted:Parity Commodities : Base : Price :: Commodities : Base : Price : Price : :: : Price : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dollars Dollars:: :Dollars Dollars : :: : Field Crops and : :: : Misc Commodities : :: Noncitrus Fruit, : Hops, Lb : 0.300 7.34 :: Continued : Spearmint Oil, Lb : 1.42 34.80 :: Papayas (HI) : 0.046 1.130 Tobacco, Lb : :: Peaches : Flue-Cured, 11-14 : 0.216 5.29 :: Fresh, Ton 2/ : 83.00 2,030.00 Fire-Cured, 21-23 : 0.298 7.30 :: Dried, CA, : Burley, 31 : 0.227 5.56 :: Ton : 64.90 1,590.00 Maryland, 32 : 0.186 4.55 :: Processing 3/ : Dark Air-Cured, : :: Excl Dried : 35-37 : 0.268 6.56 :: Clingstone, : PA Seedleaf, 41 : 0.194 4.75 :: CA, Ton : 33.70 825.00 Cigar Binder, 51 : 0.651 15.90 :: Pears, Ton : : :: Fresh 2/ : 54.90 1,340.00 : :: Dried, CA 4/ : 173.00 4,240.00 Noncitrus Fruit : :: Plums, CA, Ton : Apples, Ton 4/ : :: Fresh, Equiv : Processing : 16.70 409.00 :: on-Tree : 60.90 1,490.00 Apricots, Ton : :: Prunes, Dried, : Fresh 5/ :108.00 2,640.00 :: CA, Ton 4/ : 146.00 3,570.00 Dried, CA :253.00 6,190.00 :: Prunes and Plums, : Avocados, Ton 5/ :211.00 5,170.00 :: Excl CA, Ton : Cherries : :: Fresh 7/ : 63.20 1,550.00 Sweet, Ton :205.00 5,020.00 :: Processing 4/ : Tart, Lb : 0.035 0.857:: Excl Dried : 26.50 649.00 Cranberry, Bbl 3/ : 4.75 116.00 :: : Dates, CA, Ton 5/ :197.00 4,820.00 :: Tree Nuts 8/ : Grapes, Ton : :: Almonds, Lb : 0.202 4.94 Raisin Variety :110.00 2,690.00 :: Hazelnuts, Ton : 171.00 4,190.00 Other Dried : 66.60 1,630.00 :: Pistachio, Lb : 0.190 4.65 Kiwifruit, Ton : 95.10 2,330.00 :: Walnuts, Ton : 172.00 4,210.00 Nectarines : :: : Fresh, CA, Ton 5/: 55.40 1,360.00 :: Vegetables, Cwt 9/ : Olives, CA : :: Fresh : canning, Ton 3/ : 94.70 2,320.00 :: Carrots 6/ : 2.54 62.20 : :: Cauliflower 6/ : 4.31 106.00 : :: Celery 6/ : 2.09 51.20 : :: Honeydew Melons : 2.31 56.50 : :: Lettuce : 2.35 57.50 : :: Onions 6/ : 1.52 37.20 : :: Tomatoes : 4.69 115.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. 2/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for CA, NY (apples only), OR (except peaches), and WA. Price at point of first sale for other states. 3/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 4/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 5/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 6/ Includes some processing. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Prices in-shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 9/ F.O.B. shipping point prices. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey Procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 2000 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total U.S. production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and Estimation Procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a U.S. price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's preliminary price represents a 3-5 day period around the 15th of the month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: U.S. price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Prices Paid by Farmers The March Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) at 184 (1990-1992=100), is unchanged from February 2010 but is up 2.2 percent from March 2009. PRODUCTION INDEX: The March index, at 187, is unchanged from last month but increased 1.6 percent from last year. Lower prices in March for complete feeds, LP gas, herbicides, and supplements offset higher prices for potash & phosphate, diesel, nitrogen, and feeder cattle. Feed: The March index, at 170, decreased 4.0 percent from February and 8.1 percent from last March. Since February, lower prices for complete feeds, supplements, concentrates, and feed grains offset higher prices for hay & forages. Livestock & Poultry: The March index, at 128, increased 1.6 percent from last month and 7.6 percent from last year. Since February, prices are higher for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The March feeder cattle price, at $103.10 per cwt, is up $1.60 from the February price. March feeder pigs averaged $172.00 per cwt, up $12.00 from February. Fertilizer: The March index, at 295, is up 6.1 percent from February but is 7.8 percent below March a year ago. Since February, prices are higher for potash & phosphate, nitrogen, and mixed fertilizer. Chemicals: The March index, at 124, decreased 8.8 percent from February and 18 percent from last March. Compared with last month, prices are lower for herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides/other. Fuels: The March index, at 277, is up 0.4 percent from a month earlier and 45 percent above March 2009. Compared with last month, prices are higher for diesel and gasoline but lower for LP gas. Machinery: The March index, at 228, is unchanged from February but is 3.6 percent above last March. Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery but lower for self-propelled machinery. CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: The February 2010 Consumer Price Index, as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for all urban consumers (CPI-U) increased slightly before seasonal adjustment to a level of 216.741 (1982-1984=100). The January index is 216.687. For the 12-month period ending in February, the overall index increased 2.1 percent. Indexes of Prices Paid by Farmers and Related Parity Ratios United States, March 2010 with Comparisons 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-14 = 100 : 1990-92 = 100 Indexes :---------------------------------------------- and : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 Ratios :---------------------------------------------- : Mar : Feb : Mar : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid by Farmers for : Commodities & Services, : Interest, Taxes, & Wage : Rates (PPITW) : 2391 2447 2448 180 184 184 Production : 1781 1818 1818 184 187 187 Feed : 903 865 832 185 177 170 Livestock & Poultry : 1515 1606 1638 119 126 128 Seeds : 3008 3008 3008 304 304 304 Fertilizer : 1173 1017 1081 320 278 295 Chemicals : 931 844 769 151 136 124 Fuels : 1476 2130 2141 191 276 277 Supplies & Repairs : 1114 1117 1121 157 157 158 Autos & Trucks : 2892 3004 3011 109 113 113 Machinery : 5527 5727 5732 220 228 228 Building Materials : 2232 2224 2241 164 164 165 Services & Rent : 1973 2048 2045 Services : 159 162 162 Rent : 178 191 191 Interest 2/ : 3478 3211 3211 139 128 128 Taxes 3/ : 6370 7190 7190 238 268 268 Wage Rates : 7062 7146 7146 189 191 191 Production, Interest, Taxes, : & Wage Rates (PITW) : 2472 2527 2527 184 188 188 Family Living-CPI 4/ : 2020 2059 2059 158 161 161 : :---------------------------------------------- : :---------------------------------------------- Ratio (Received\Paid) : 70 73 77 Parity Ratio 5/ : 33 35 37 Parity Ratio Adjusted 6/ : 35 36 38 PPITW Adjusted for : Productivity 7/ : 1439 1442 1442 : :---------------------------------------------- : :---------------------------------------------- Crop Sector (PPITW) : 191 196 197 Livestock Sector (PPITW) : 169 172 171 : :---------------------------------------------- : :---------------------------------------------- Farm Sector (Production) : 181 179 177 Non-Farm Sector (Production) : 185 192 193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. 2/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 3/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 4/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 5/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-14=100). 6/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.044 for 2010 and the revised factor is 1.041 for 2009. 7/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-Components United States, March 2010 with Comparisons 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Input Indexes : Relative Weights :--------------------------- Index :5-Year Moving Average 2/ : 2009 : 2010 :----------------------------------------------------- : 2009 : 2010 : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Percent ---- ---- (1990-92=100) --- : Production Items : 68.9 70.2 184 187 187 : Feed : 11.4 11.9 185 177 170 Feed Grains : 1.6 1.7 164 152 149 Complete Feeds : 5.6 5.8 193 194 186 Hay/Forage : 1.4 1.5 170 142 143 Concentrates : 1.8 1.9 179 163 159 Supplements : 1.0 1.0 206 202 180 Livestock & Poultry : 8.2 8.6 119 126 128 Feeder Cattle : 6.4 6.7 109 120 122 Feeder Pigs : 0.7 0.7 162 174 187 Milk Cow Replacements : 0.7 0.7 145 119 119 Poultry : 0.5 0.5 145 145 145 Seeds : 3.8 3.9 304 304 304 Field Crops : 3.5 3.6 319 319 319 Grasses/Legumes : 0.4 0.4 161 161 161 Fertilizer : 4.7 5.2 320 278 295 Mixed Fertilizer : 2.1 2.3 298 248 249 Nitrogen : 2.0 2.2 295 267 278 Potash & Phosphate : 0.7 0.7 463 401 489 Chemicals : 3.3 3.2 151 136 124 Herbicides : 2.1 2.0 144 131 119 Insecticides : 0.8 0.7 158 144 131 Fungicides/Other : 0.5 0.5 166 151 137 Fuels : 3.6 3.9 191 276 277 Diesel : 2.3 2.5 192 256 268 Gasoline : 0.8 0.9 169 227 237 LP Gas : 0.4 0.5 226 445 386 Supplies & Repairs : 4.6 4.6 157 157 158 Supplies : 1.5 1.5 154 152 152 Repairs : 3.1 3.0 158 160 161 Autos & Trucks : 1.6 1.5 109 113 113 Autos : 0.2 0.2 109 111 111 Trucks : 1.4 1.3 109 113 114 Machinery : 4.4 4.5 220 228 228 Tractors : 1.0 1.0 185 185 185 Self-Propelled : 1.8 1.8 229 234 234 Other Machinery : 1.7 1.7 231 247 248 Building Materials : 4.6 4.5 164 164 165 Services : 12.2 12.1 159 162 162 Custom Rates : 1.3 1.2 145 145 145 Other Services : 11.0 10.8 161 164 164 Rent : 6.4 6.3 178 191 191 Cash : 3.4 3.4 224 243 243 Share : 3.0 2.9 124 130 130 Interest : 3.7 3.6 139 128 128 Taxes : 3.0 3.0 238 268 268 Wage Rates : 7.6 7.5 189 191 191 Family Living-CPI : 16.9 15.7 158 161 161 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. 2/ Weights may not add due to rounding. Feed Price Ratios: United States, March 2010 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2009 : 2010 Feed Price Ratio 1/ :----------------------- : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-Feed: Pounds of Broiler Grower Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ : 4.3 4.6 4.9 : Market Egg Feed: Pounds of Laying Feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ : 7.2 *8.9 12.5 : Hog-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight : 11.4 *13.7 15.1 : Milk-Feed: Pounds of 16% Mixed Dairy Feed equal : in value to 1 pound of Whole Milk 4/ : 1.56 *2.35 2.26 : Steer & Heifer-Corn: Bushels of Corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of Steer & Heifers, : 21.8 *25.5 26.9 live weight : : Turkey-Feed: Pounds of Turkey Grower equal in : value to 1 pound of Turkey, live weight 5/ : 4.8 5.3 5.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current U.S. prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current U.S. prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current U.S. prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed used 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios: United States, March 2010 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Entire Month : Preliminary Commodity : Unit :------------------------------------------- : : Mar : Feb : Mar : : 2009 : 2010 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Broilers, Live : Lb : 0.450 0.470 0.490 Eggs, Market : Doz : 0.643 0.775 1.060 : : Hogs, All : Cwt : 43.90 48.80 52.80 Milk, All : Cwt : 11.80 15.90 15.10 : : Steers and Heifers : Cwt : 84.00 90.50 93.90 Turkeys, Live : Lb : 0.471 0.491 0.522 : : Corn : Bu : 3.85 3.55 3.49 Hay, Alfalfa, Baled : Ton : 138.00 111.00 111.00 : : Soybeans : Bu : 9.12 9.41 9.16 Wheat, All : Bu : 5.71 4.73 4.63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feeder Livestock: Prices Paid, United States March 2010 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 2009 : 2010 Commodity : Unit :------------------------------------------- : : Mar : Feb : Mar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Dollars : : Feeders and Stockers : : Cattle and Calves : Cwt : 92.60 *101.50 103.10 Feeder Pigs : Cwt : 149.00 *160.00 172.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey Procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the 5 business days centered around the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and U.S. level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and U.S. levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the U.S. relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Program Change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications. A 1990-92 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-73 base weight period. Five-year moving average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-73 base period weights. The 1910-14=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-92=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes). Information Contacts General questions should be directed to Kevin Barnes, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch at (202) 720-6146. Below are the commodity specialists to contact for additional information. Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ..............................(202) 720-2127 Jacqueline Moore, Field Crops Section .........................(202) 720-2127 Nick Schauer - Wheat, Rye ..................................(202) 720-8068 Anthony Prillaman - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ...........(202) 720-9526 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cottonseed .........................(202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Canola, Other Oilseeds ..............................................................(202) 720-7369 Bryan Durham - Hay, Oats, Sorghum ..........................(202) 690-3234 Suzanne Avilla - Peanuts, Rice .............................(202) 720-7688 Julie Schmidt - Sugarcane, Sugarbeets, Barley ..............(202) 720-7621 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section (202) 720-2127 Dan Norris - Dry Edible Beans, Peaches, Pears, Hops, Pulses, Mint ..............................................................(202) 720-3250 Steve Maliszewski - Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ..............................................................(202) 720-4288 Debbie Flippin - Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries ..........(202) 720-2157 Dawn Keen - Tree Nuts ......................................(202) 720-4215 Mike Jacobsen - Cranberries ................................(202) 720-9085 Tierra Mobley - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ...................(202) 720-4285 Livestock Prices Received Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch .........................(202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Livestock Section ...............................(202) 720-3570 Everett Olbert - Sheep, Lambs, Goats, Wool, Mohair .........(202) 720-4751 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows ..............................(202) 720-3278 Nicholas Streff - Hogs .....................................(202) 720-3106 Jason Hardegree - Cattle ...................................(202) 720-3040 Bruce Boess, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section ........(202) 720-3570 Doug Bounds - Turkeys ......................................(202) 690-3237 Troy Marshall - Broilers, Honey ............................(202) 720-3244 Kim Linonis - Eggs .........................................(202) 690-8632 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Kevin Barnes, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch ........................................(202) 720-6146 Kevin Hintzman, Economics Section .............................(202) 720-6146 Jennifer Sissom - Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios, Autos & Trucks, Grazing Fees .........(202) 690-3229 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices ....(202) 720-8844 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! 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