Co St 2 (04) United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Capacity of Refrigerated Warehouses 2003 Summary January 2004 General Refrigerated Warehouse Capacity Up 4 Percent General refrigerated storage capacity in the United States totaled 3.16 billion gross cubic feet on October 1, 2003, an increase of 4 percent since the previous survey was conducted two years ago. This was the 43nd biennial survey of refrigerated warehouses. The five States with the largest gross general warehouse capacity (million cubic feet) were: California with 449; Florida, 253; Washington, 189; Wisconsin, 167 and Texas with 159. Usable refrigerated space in general storages was 2.51 billion cubic feet, or 79 percent of the gross space. Freezer space was 78 percent of the usable refrigerated space with the remaining 22 percent used as cooler space. Convertible refrigerated space was classified as usable freezer space. Public general warehouse capacity totaled 2.36 billion gross cubic feet in 2003, accounting for 75 percent of the general storage. Public general storage capacity increased 5 percent since 2001 and is 40 percent above the capacity of ten years ago. Private and semiprivate general warehouse capacity totaled 802 million gross cubic feet, or 25 percent of the general gross refrigerated space. Apple and pear storage totaled 736 million gross cubic feet, up 1 percent from October 1, 2001. Controlled atmosphere (CA) capacity totaled 169 million bushels, up 3 percent from 2001. The State of Washington had 80 percent of the Nation's CA capacity. Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Type, State, and United States, October 1, 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : General Storages : Apple & Pear Storages : :-------------------------------------------------------------: State : : Private & : : : : : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Regular : CA : All 1/ : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 14 9 23 23 AK : 2 24 26 26 AZ : 7 3 10 1 2 2 12 AR : 14 8 22 22 CA : 121 96 217 27 7 29 246 CO : 8 4 12 6 1 6 18 CT : 2 2 4 25 7 27 31 DE : 4 6 10 2 2 12 FL : 38 34 72 72 GA : 36 33 69 69 HI : 3 1 4 4 ID : 6 14 20 9 6 9 29 IL : 26 13 39 15 15 54 IN : 15 6 21 29 4 31 52 IA : 29 7 36 36 KS : 10 2 12 1 1 13 KY : 5 1 6 3 3 9 LA : 12 8 20 20 ME : 1 15 16 20 15 21 37 MD : 8 4 12 5 3 6 18 MA : 24 16 40 51 27 55 95 MI : 25 20 45 149 99 179 224 MN : 23 23 46 12 1 12 58 MS : 9 4 13 13 MO : 21 8 29 4 4 33 MT : 4 1 5 5 NE : 13 8 21 1 1 22 NV : 3 2 5 5 NH : 1 2 3 21 12 21 24 NJ : 29 9 38 20 4 22 60 NM : 1 5 6 2 2 8 NY : 31 50 81 135 92 147 228 NC : 18 4 22 17 3 19 41 ND : 3 1 4 4 OH : 20 6 26 53 13 53 79 OK : 6 5 11 11 OR : 15 23 38 57 18 61 99 PA : 38 9 47 106 17 108 155 RI : 3 3 4 2 6 9 SC : 10 4 14 3 3 17 SD : 2 4 6 6 TN : 9 6 15 15 TX : 36 27 63 63 UT : 13 7 20 17 5 18 38 VT : 2 2 11 5 11 13 VA : 21 12 33 30 11 31 64 WA : 39 34 73 217 208 263 336 WV : 2 2 4 12 5 15 19 WI : 49 68 117 17 3 17 134 WY : 1 1 1 : US : 827 655 1,482 1,082 570 1,200 2,682 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Firms with both regular and CA storage are counted once. General Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Size : Public : Private : All (Cubic Feet) : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 0-499,999 : 115 320 435 500,000-999,999 : 124 116 240 1,000,000-2,499,999 : 243 121 364 2,500,000-4,999,999 : 216 70 286 5,000,000 and Over : 129 28 157 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apple and Pear Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Size : Regular 1/ : CA 1/ : All (Bushels) : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 0-49,999 : 711 191 634 50,000-99,999 : 133 106 172 100,000-499,999 : 193 180 253 500,000-999,999 : 33 46 72 1,000,000 and Over : 12 47 69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of operations with regular or CA storage. Many operators have both types in the same building, thus the count of regular plus CA does not equal "All". Refrigerated Storage: Gross Capacity by Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1985-03 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Private and : Year : Public : Semi-private : Total 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Cubic Feet : 1985 : 1,130 1,056 2,186 1987 : 1,306 1,171 2,476 1989 : 1,414 1,158 2,571 1991 : 1,600 1,208 2,808 1993 : 1,700 1,272 2,972 1995 : 1,765 1,323 3,088 1997 : 2,068 1,359 3,427 1999 : 2,168 1,437 3,606 2001 : 2,266 1,501 3,767 2003 : 2,370 1,526 3,896 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Gross Space : Usable Space Type :Number :----------------------------------------------------------- : : Cooler : Freezer : Total : Cooler : Freezer : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------------- 1,000 Cubic Feet -------------------- : General : Public : 827 384,779 1,972,301 2,357,080 301,630 1,586,106 1,887,735 Private & : Semiprvt : 655 311,464 490,990 802,454 239,982 382,169 622,151 Total : 1,482 696,243 2,463,291 3,159,535 541,612 1,968,275 2,509,886 : Apple : Apple : Public : 13 12,092 426 12,517 9,841 301 10,141 Private & : Semiprvt : 1,187 718,287 5,212 723,499 579,324 3,724 583,048 Total : 1,200 730,378 5,638 736,016 589,164 4,025 593,189 : Total : 2,682 1,426,622 2,468,929 3,895,551 1,130,776 1,972,299 3,103,075 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Gross Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1985-03 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : 1985 : 1987 : 1989 : 1991 : 1993 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : General : Public : 1,110,394 1,285,860 1,391,901 1,572,879 1,678,461 Private and : Semiprivate : 589,132 676,369 603,402 624,005 658,893 Total : 1,699,526 1,962,229 1,995,303 2,196,884 2,337,354 : Apple : Public : 19,383 19,750 21,945 27,227 21,645 Private and : Semiprivate : 466,768 494,404 554,150 584,296 613,093 Total : 486,151 514,154 576,095 611,523 634,737 : Total, All : 2,185,677 2,476,384 2,571,397 2,808,407 2,972,092 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1997 : 1999 : 2001 : 2003 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : General : Public : 1,741,585 2,043,908 2,146,643 2,251,943 2,357,080 Private and : Semiprivate : 674,649 683,372 756,505 788,853 802,454 Total : 2,416,234 2,727,280 2,903,152 3,040,796 3,159,535 : Apple : Public : 23,419 23,907 21,690 14,183 12,517 Private and : Semiprivate : 647,993 675,838 680,736 712,412 723,499 Total : 671,412 699,745 702,426 726,595 736,016 : Total, All : 3,087,646 3,427,025 3,605,578 3,767,394 3,895,551 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. General Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : 27,532 1,893 29,425 23,526 1,611 25,137 AK : * * 4,067 * * 3,426 AZ : 14,344 2,310 16,654 11,436 1,943 13,379 AR : 55,044 32,408 87,453 45,250 26,305 71,555 CA : 309,960 139,311 449,271 247,679 112,125 359,804 CO : 15,276 2,516 17,792 12,091 1,611 13,702 CT : * * 4,876 * * 3,925 DE : 12,156 13,983 26,139 7,537 10,569 18,106 FL : 108,730 144,410 253,140 89,033 117,198 206,231 GA : 123,623 19,988 143,611 99,108 16,941 116,050 HI : * * * * * * ID : 33,737 24,850 58,587 29,741 20,018 49,758 IL : 92,732 12,661 105,393 69,256 8,602 77,858 IN : * * 55,478 * * 45,151 IA : 68,865 5,683 74,547 57,614 3,775 61,389 KS : * * 44,490 * * 32,211 KY : * * 22,337 * * 19,487 LA : * * 13,590 * * 11,504 ME : * * 12,318 * * 8,139 MD : 21,680 7,536 29,216 16,380 5,783 22,163 MA : 64,578 15,149 79,727 56,071 10,523 66,594 MI : 66,888 21,322 88,211 51,485 17,847 69,332 MN : 48,850 23,002 71,852 37,297 16,593 53,890 MS : * * 21,814 * * 17,632 MO : 100,511 6,053 106,564 82,137 5,172 87,309 MT : * * 976 * * 753 NE : * * 40,723 * * 32,339 NV : * * 7,370 * * 6,536 NH : * * * * * * NJ : 73,258 8,280 81,538 58,545 6,413 64,959 NM : * * 2,529 * * 2,071 NY : 59,599 39,679 99,278 49,088 33,075 82,164 NC : 53,096 10,495 63,591 45,710 7,663 53,373 ND : * * 8,926 * * 6,862 OH : 61,789 15,582 77,371 49,787 10,482 60,269 OK : 10,925 4,433 15,359 8,485 3,993 12,477 OR : 69,001 34,966 103,967 57,495 26,140 83,635 PA : 133,637 11,955 145,592 108,756 8,872 117,628 RI : * * * * SC : 22,848 1,879 24,727 18,888 1,540 20,428 SD : * * 12,352 * * 6,524 TN : 24,803 11,502 36,305 19,955 7,989 27,944 TX : 139,625 19,904 159,529 94,872 14,343 109,216 UT : 25,792 4,239 30,031 21,603 3,440 25,043 VT : * * * * VA : 43,446 18,729 62,175 37,426 16,215 53,641 WA : 145,221 43,740 188,961 112,427 33,705 146,131 WV : * * 2,420 * * 1,096 WI : 127,399 39,906 167,305 107,464 26,876 134,340 WY : * * * * : Oth Sts : 202,135 64,089 11,960 161,595 44,788 8,728 : US : 2,357,080 802,454 3,159,535 1,887,735 622,151 2,509,886 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. General Storages: Gross and Usable Cooler Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : * * 5,599 * * 5,052 AK : 163 163 147 147 AZ : * * * * * * AR : * * * * * * CA : 75,320 94,339 169,659 59,790 75,609 135,399 CO : * * 5,216 * * 3,783 CT : * * * * * * DE : * * * * FL : 21,462 53,245 74,707 17,359 42,963 60,323 GA : 34,185 11,172 45,358 26,528 9,771 36,299 HI : * * * * * * ID : * * 2,293 * * 1,798 IL : 11,246 6,587 17,833 8,103 4,470 12,573 IN : 5,754 517 6,271 4,896 320 5,216 IA : * * 11,811 * * 8,186 KS : * * 8,362 * * 5,408 KY : * * 5,700 * * 4,480 LA : * * 1,579 * * 1,376 ME : * * 278 * * 241 MD : * * 2,295 * * 1,842 MA : * * 9,532 * * 7,874 MI : 7,408 6,654 14,061 5,745 5,720 11,465 MN : 7,041 8,245 15,286 5,742 5,285 11,027 MS : * * * * * * MO : * * 30,485 * * 25,182 MT : * * * * * * NE : * * 9,638 * * 7,406 NV : * * 1,491 * * 1,340 NH : * * * * * * NJ : * * 24,705 * * 19,370 NM : * * * * * * NY : 10,384 20,343 30,727 7,167 17,346 24,513 NC : * * 3,938 * * 3,373 ND : * * * * OH : 8,199 1,112 9,311 6,574 911 7,485 OK : 422 4,433 4,855 346 3,993 4,339 OR : 2,459 2,715 5,174 2,062 1,835 3,896 PA : * * 19,924 * * 14,292 RI : * * * * SC : 378 392 769 312 270 581 SD : * * * * TN : * * 459 * * 346 TX : 23,148 10,584 33,733 15,829 8,085 23,914 UT : * * 1,759 * * 1,381 VT : * * * * VA : 10,838 8,178 19,016 8,943 7,125 16,068 WA : 6,056 4,159 10,215 5,054 2,390 7,444 WV : * * * * * * WI : 39,722 29,989 69,711 32,657 19,078 51,735 WY : * * * * : Oth Sts : 120,757 48,639 24,328 94,523 34,663 16,455 : US : 384,779 311,464 696,243 301,630 239,982 541,612 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. General Storages: Gross and Usable Freezer Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : * * 23,826 * * 20,086 AK : * * 3,904 * * 3,279 AZ : * * * * * * AR : * * * * * * CA : 234,640 44,972 279,612 187,889 36,516 224,405 CO : * * 12,576 * * 9,919 CT : * * * * * * DE : * * * * * * FL : 87,268 91,165 178,433 71,673 74,235 145,908 GA : 89,438 8,815 98,253 72,580 7,170 79,750 HI : * * * * * * ID : * * 56,294 * * 47,960 IL : 81,486 6,074 87,559 61,153 4,132 65,285 IN : * * 49,206 * * 39,935 IA : * * 62,736 * * 53,202 KS : * * 36,128 * * 26,803 KY : 16,637 16,637 15,007 15,007 LA : * * 12,011 * * 10,128 ME : * * 12,039 * * 7,898 MD : * * 26,921 * * 20,322 MA : * * 70,194 * * 58,720 MI : 59,481 14,669 74,149 45,740 12,127 57,867 MN : 41,809 14,757 56,566 31,555 11,308 42,863 MS : * * * * * * MO : * * 76,079 * * 62,127 MT : * * * * * * NE : 24,710 6,375 31,085 20,156 4,777 24,933 NV : * * 5,879 * * 5,197 NH : * * * * * * NJ : * * 56,833 * * 45,588 NM : * * * * * * NY : 49,215 19,336 68,551 41,921 15,729 57,650 NC : * * 59,653 * * 50,000 ND : * * 8,659 * * 6,651 OH : 53,590 14,470 68,059 43,213 9,571 52,784 OK : 10,503 10,503 8,138 8,138 OR : 66,542 32,251 98,793 55,433 24,305 79,738 PA : * * 125,668 * * 103,337 RI : * * * * SC : 22,470 1,487 23,957 18,576 1,270 19,846 SD : * * * * * * TN : * * 35,846 * * 27,598 TX : 116,476 9,320 125,796 79,043 6,258 85,302 UT : * * 28,272 * * 23,662 VT : * * * * VA : 32,608 10,551 43,160 28,482 9,090 37,572 WA : 139,165 39,581 178,746 107,373 31,315 138,688 WV : * * * * * * WI : 87,677 9,917 97,594 74,807 7,798 82,605 WY : * * * * : Oth Sts : 758,587 167,249 163,112 623,366 126,571 127,523 : US : 1,972,301 490,990 2,463,291 1,586,106 382,169 1,968,275 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. Apple and Pear Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space, Regular and CA Capacity by State and United States, October 1, 2003 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Refrigerated Space : Apple Storage Capacity :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : Controlled : : Gross : Usable : Regular : Atmosphere : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet ---------- 1,000 Bushels ---------- : CA : 28,502 21,415 5,933 1,757 7,690 CO : 2,555 2,094 681 163 844 CT : 1,490 1,195 288 174 461 ID : 5,840 5,023 1,271 1,049 2,320 IL : 1,326 1,141 345 345 IN : 2,317 1,813 388 206 594 KY : 117 97 33 33 ME : 2,750 2,405 337 729 1,066 MD : 1,390 1,115 173 354 527 MA : 4,136 3,366 802 600 1,402 MI : 35,196 30,806 4,947 7,795 12,742 MN : 738 643 242 33 275 NH : 1,901 1,657 311 449 760 NJ : 2,312 1,925 545 173 717 NY : 37,307 32,887 5,125 8,614 13,739 NC : 4,413 3,972 1,106 480 1,586 OH : 3,442 2,804 787 332 1,119 OR : 51,642 39,016 7,965 3,926 11,891 PA : 27,565 21,541 4,787 2,925 7,712 RI : 151 142 38 8 46 UT : 2,406 2,125 454 467 921 VT : 2,275 1,928 318 507 825 VA : 12,457 10,787 1,947 2,122 4,069 WA : 492,326 393,968 61,177 135,792 196,969 WV : 7,135 5,859 1,872 418 2,290 WI : 1,084 901 297 98 395 : Oth Sts : 3,242 2,567 524 234 758 : US : 736,016 593,189 102,692 169,402 272,095 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Firms in this table store only apples or pears. Nearly all the storages are private and nearly all the space is cooler, thus public use and freezer space breakouts are not presented at the State level. See page 4 for U.S. totals. Definitions General storages: Includes refrigerated facilities classified as general storages, plus facilities classified as storing only cheese, meat, or citrus concentrates. Public general storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained for storing food for others at specified rates per unit. Private and semiprivate general storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained by an operator to facilitate his principal function as a producer, processor, or manufacturer of food products. The space is used to store the owner's products, although some space may be used by others at specified rates per unit stored. Working space, chill rooms, and curing rooms in meat storages are not included in the storage statistics. Apple and pear storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained exclusively for storing apples or pears. Storages operated by cooperatives for use by members are included as private storages. Cooler space: Space that maintains temperatures between 0 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Freezer space: Space that maintains temperatures at 0 degrees Fahrenheit or lower. Controlled atmosphere (CA) space: Sealed cooler space in which the oxygen and carbon dioxide content is controlled to extend the storage life of apples or pears. Gross space: Total area under refrigeration, measured from wall to wall and from floor to ceiling. Usable space: Actual area used for storing commodities. Gross space less an allowance for aisles, posts, coils, blowers, etc. Number of storages: Storages at different locations are counted separately even though operated by the same management. Survey Procedures and Reliability Survey procedures: Questionnaires were mailed about the 20th of September to operators of over 3,000 public and private cold storage warehouses. Two thousand six hundred eighty-two firms met the qualifications that their warehouses were artificially cooled to a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit or lower, and normally stored food products for 30 days or more. The other firms who received questionnaires either did not qualify or the plants had ceased being cold storage facilities during the past two years. The list included specialized storage facilities meeting the 30 day requirement, such as fruit houses, dairy manufacturing plants, frozen fruit, fruit juice, and vegetable processors, and poultry and meat packing plants. Wholesalers, jobbers, packer branch houses, and frozen food processors whose entire inventories are turned over more than once a month were excluded. Firms that did not respond were mailed a second request and/or phoned or visited. Estimating procedures: Data for reporting firms were added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain State and National totals. Estimates for non-reporting firms were set based on previous reports or administrative data. Revision policy: These data are considered to be final and will not be revised. Reliability: Usable reports were received from about 2,189 firms which represent about 82 percent of the total capacity tabulated. The numbers published should be considered to be minimum figures as there are cold storage firms that are not known to NASS. Special care in identifying individual plants minimizes duplication. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Index Page Apple and Pear Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Apple and Pear Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space, Regular and CA Capacity by State and United States, October 1, 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 General Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 General Storages: Gross and Usable Cooler Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 General Storages: Gross and Usable Freezer Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 General Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space by State and United States, October 1, 2003. . . . . . . . . . .5 Gross Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1985-2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Refrigerated Storage: Gross Capacity by Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1985-2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Type, State, and United States, October 1, 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Survey Procedures and Reliability Statement. . . . . . . . . . . 12 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. 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