HDR1012000110010510960830CROP PRODUCTION HDR2012000110010510960830HIGHLIGHTS & SUMMARY Released May 10, 1996, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call at (202) 720-2127, office hours 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET. For assistance with general agricultural statistics, information about NASS, its products or services, contact the NASS Information Hotline at 1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@NASS.USDA.GOV. Forecasts refer to May 1, 1996. Winter Wheat Production Down 12 Percent Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.36 billion bushels. This is down 12 percent from 1995 to the lowest level since 1978. Based on May 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 35.9 bushels per acre, down 1.6 bushels per acre from last year and the lowest in 5 years. Grain area totals 37.9 million acres, down 7 percent from last season. Acres for grain are the lowest level since 1972. Much of the central and southern Great Plains Hard Red Winter areas have been stressed by dry conditions since seeding. Apparent abandonment in states affected is about 11 million acres. Remaining stands are thin. Total Hard Red production is down 19 percent from last year. Soft Red Winter production is down 11 percent largely due to acreage reductions caused by winterkill. White Winter production is up 10 percent due to expected high yields in the Pacific Northwest. All orange production is forecast at 11.7 million tons, unchanged from last month but 1 percent above last season. This year's crop is the second largest on record. Florida's forecast is 201.2 million boxes (9.05 million tons), unchanged from April's forecast but down 2 percent from last season. Early and mid-season varieties remained at 121.2 million boxes (5.45 million tons), a record high. The Valencia forecast remained at 80.0 million boxes (3.60 million tons), down 7 percent from a year ago. California's orange production is carried forward from last month. It remains at 68.0 million boxes (2.55 million tons), 11 percent above last season. Early, mid-season, and Navel varieties are expected to produce 40.0 million boxes (1.50 million tons), 14 percent more than last season. Valencia production is forecast at 28.0 million boxes (1.05 million tons), 8 percent more than 1994-95. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1995-96 season is forecast at 1.52 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, up from 1.48 last month. Early and mid-season varieties yield was final in March at 1.45 gallons per box, up from last year's 1.44 gallons per box. The Valencia crop is expected to yield 1.66 gallons per box, up from 1.55 gallons per box last month and 1.58 gallons per box a year ago. The final 1994-95 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was 1.50 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. Cr Pr 2-2 (5-96) This report was approved on May 10, 1996, by the Acting Secretary of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistics Board. Acting Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Eugene Moos Rich Allen Crop Summary: Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Utilized Production :---------------------------------------------------- Crop : : Apr 1, : May 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crop Year : 1994-95 1995-96 1995-96 : : 1,000 Tons Citrus Fruits 1/ : Oranges : 11,616 11,704 11,704 Grapefruit : 2,912 2,694 2,717 Lemons 2/ : 916 988 988 Tangerines : 275 344 344 Temples (FL) : 114 99 97 Tangelos (FL) : 142 110 110 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 5 7 7 : : Metric Tons : Oranges : 10,537,860 10,617,690 10,617,690 Grapefruit : 2,641,720 2,443,960 2,464,820 Lemons 2/ : 830,980 896,300 896,300 Tangerines : 249,480 312,070 312,070 Temples (FL) : 103,420 89,810 88,000 Tangelos (FL) : 128,820 99,790 99,790 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 4,540 6,350 6,350 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Crop year begins with the bloom of the first year and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 (Domestic Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :---------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Acres : : Winter Wheat : 48,726 52,006 40,993 37,946 All Cotton 1/ : 16,931.4 15,246.5 16,006.7 Upland 1/ : 16,716.8 14,981.5 15,795.6 Amer-Pima 1/ : 214.6 265.0 211.1 Potatoes : Winter : 13.3 13.6 11.9 13.5 Spring : 88.3 91.9 84.3 89.2 Total : 1,397.1 1,371.3 All Tobacco 1/ : 663.1 719.8 Bananas 1/ : 0.9 Papayas 1/ : 2.4 Taro 1/ : 0.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. Cotton planted and tobacco harvested for 1996 were released in the "Prospective Plantings" report on March 29, 1996. Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 (Domestic Units) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per Acre: Production Crop and Unit :--------------------------------------------------- : : : : Apr 1, : May 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- 1,000 ------------ : Winter Wheat Bu : 37.7 35.9 1,547,311 1,363,851 All Cotton 1/ 2/ Bale: 537 17,899.8 Upland 1/ 2/ " : 533 17,532.2 Amer-Pima 1/ 2/ " : 836 367.6 Cottonseed 2/ Ton : 6,848.7 Potatoes : Winter 3/ Cwt : 208 215 2,473 2,907 2,907 Spring " : 240 238 20,193 21,085 21,197 Total " : 323 442,400 All Tobacco 2/ Lb : 1,913 1,268,494 Bananas 2/ " :14,000 13,000 Papayas 2/ " :20,900 50,800 Taro 2/ " :12,400 6,800 Almonds (CA) " : 370,000 520,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield in pounds. 2/ 1995 revised. Cotton and all tobacco yield and production for 1996 will be released in the "Crop Production" report on August 12, 1996. 3/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 (Metric Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hectares : : Winter Wheat : 19,718,920 21,046,310 16,589,460 15,356,370 All Cotton 1/ : 6,851,970 6,170,110 6,477,750 Upland 1/ : 6,765,120 6,062,860 6,392,320 Amer-Pima 1/ : 86,850 107,240 85,430 Potatoes : Winter : 5,380 5,500 4,820 5,460 Spring : 35,730 37,190 34,120 36,100 Total : 565,390 554,950 All Tobacco 1/ : 268,350 291,300 Bananas 1/ : 380 Papayas 1/ : 990 Taro 1/ : 220 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. Cotton planted and tobacco harvested for 1996 were released in the "Prospective Plantings" report on March 29, 1996. Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 (Metric Units) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Yield per Hectare: Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Apr 1, : May 1, : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Metric Tons : Winter Wheat : 2.54 2.42 42,110,900 37,117,940 All Cotton 1/ : 0.60 3,897,230 Upland 1/ : 0.60 3,817,190 Amer-Pima 1/ : 0.94 80,040 Cottonseed 1/ : 6,213,040 Potatoes : Winter 2/ : 23.27 24.15 112,170 131,860 131,860 Spring : 26.84 26.63 915,940 956,400 961,480 Total : 36.16 20,066,930 All Tobacco 1/ : 2.14 575,380 Bananas 1/ : 15.53 5,900 Papayas 1/ : 23.27 23,040 Taro 1/ : 14.00 3,080 Almonds (CA) : 167,830 235,870 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1995 revised. Cotton and all tobacco yield and production for 1996 will be released in the "Crop Production" report on August 12, 1996. 2/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast. Crop Summary: Hay Stocks on Farms, United States, 1994-96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Date : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Tons : : Domestic Units : May 1 : 22,096 20,775 20,789 December 1 : 105,296 109,547 : : Metric Tons : May 1 : 20,045,150 18,846,760 18,859,460 December 1 : 95,522,920 99,379,370 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HDR2012000110010510960830STATE TABLES Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Bushels --- ---- ---- 1,000 Bushels --- --- : AL : 80 80 36.0 39.0 4,560 2,880 3,120 AZ : 23 18 80.0 95.0 2,632 1,840 1,710 AR : 1,000 1,200 47.0 47.0 40,480 47,000 56,400 CA : 425 600 61.0 80.0 38,760 25,925 48,000 CO : 2,700 2,300 38.0 31.0 76,500 102,600 71,300 DE : 68 78 64.0 65.0 3,780 4,352 5,070 FL : 12 10 32.0 35.0 630 384 350 GA : 300 350 38.0 44.0 20,400 11,400 15,400 ID : 770 850 76.0 80.0 56,880 58,520 68,000 IL : 1,390 900 49.0 41.0 50,400 68,110 36,900 IN : 660 600 60.0 47.0 38,430 39,600 28,200 IA : 35 50 35.0 40.0 2,115 1,225 2,000 KS : 11,000 8,300 26.0 22.0 433,200 286,000 182,600 KY : 460 450 53.0 48.0 25,200 24,380 21,600 LA : 80 110 36.0 34.0 2,590 2,880 3,740 MD : 225 243 64.0 60.0 12,100 14,400 14,580 MI : 620 660 60.0 50.0 30,740 37,200 33,000 MN : 33 32 33.0 35.0 1,073 1,089 1,120 MS : 165 210 38.0 40.0 6,400 6,270 8,400 MO : 1,230 1,150 39.0 35.0 50,400 47,970 40,250 MT : 1,370 2,100 40.0 40.0 64,750 54,800 84,000 NE : 2,100 1,950 41.0 31.0 71,400 86,100 60,450 NV : 4 7 100.0 100.0 450 400 700 NJ : 32 37 57.0 47.0 1,344 1,824 1,739 NM : 150 140 22.0 33.0 5,520 3,300 4,620 NY : 125 150 55.0 52.0 6,095 6,875 7,800 NC : 640 590 44.0 47.0 30,380 28,160 27,730 ND : 34 55 27.0 32.0 1,254 918 1,760 OH : 1,210 1,270 61.0 51.0 68,440 73,810 64,770 OK : 5,200 4,500 21.0 19.0 143,100 109,200 85,500 OR : 825 860 70.0 74.0 55,680 57,750 63,640 PA : 185 190 55.0 54.0 7,920 10,175 10,260 SC : 280 260 32.0 45.0 18,000 8,960 11,700 SD : 1,520 1,550 37.0 30.0 43,200 56,240 46,500 TN : 340 400 47.0 42.0 15,000 15,980 16,800 TX : 2,800 2,600 27.0 22.0 75,400 75,600 57,200 UT : 140 155 50.0 40.0 6,000 7,000 6,200 VA : 275 255 64.0 52.0 14,000 17,600 13,260 WA : 2,150 2,350 62.0 62.0 124,200 133,300 145,700 WV : 12 11 52.0 52.0 550 624 572 WI : 135 115 58.0 50.0 7,670 7,830 5,750 WY : 190 210 36.0 26.0 4,320 6,840 5,460 : US : 40,993 37,946 37.7 35.9 1,661,943 1,547,311 1,363,851 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Bushels -- -- ---- 1,000 Bushels --- -- : AZ : 99 139 86.0 93.0 8,554 8,514 12,927 CA : 68 138 100.0 95.0 5,605 6,800 13,110 MN : 12 30.0 275 360 MT : 265 30.0 5,340 7,950 ND : 2,880 27.0 76,375 77,760 SD : 32 28.0 598 896 : US : 3,356 30.5 96,747 102,280 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in "Acreage" released June 28, 1996. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 1996. Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1994-1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : Durum : White : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1994 : 971,161 434,208 256,574 515,315 96,747 46,976 2,320,981 1995 : 824,492 449,616 273,203 475,328 102,280 60,620 2,185,539 1996 : 664,117 399,413 300,231 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Hay: Stocks on Farms, by State and United States, Dec 1 and May 1, 1993-96 --------------------------------------------------------------------- : December 1 : May 1 State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1993 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 --------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 1,181 1,537 1,270 274 276 106 AZ : 124 133 265 25 27 28 AR : 1,769 2,055 1,910 430 426 141 CA : 1,670 1,642 2,250 152 327 361 CO : 2,430 2,030 2,390 294 447 636 CT : 90 105 78 10 32 11 DE : 16 12 9 8 10 1 FL : 400 490 397 79 132 29 GA : 684 1,170 1,050 114 371 150 ID : 2,955 2,263 2,794 678 222 660 IL : 1,725 1,397 1,979 616 540 432 IN : 1,164 1,097 1,584 205 148 216 IA : 3,410 4,274 4,079 720 751 736 KS : 4,180 5,080 4,590 1,093 796 787 KY : 4,362 5,292 4,806 600 648 492 LA : 396 512 513 42 97 15 ME : 239 243 272 36 61 126 MD : 374 347 265 33 20 55 MA : 94 138 115 17 28 17 MI : 3,185 3,020 3,166 753 1,074 754 MN : 3,881 4,895 4,374 716 753 694 MS : 1,382 1,688 1,368 173 206 50 MO : 6,160 5,755 6,000 1,466 1,016 955 MT : 4,325 3,950 4,931 1,153 772 858 NE : 5,492 5,413 4,813 1,391 1,112 1,325 NV : 651 630 750 166 42 166 NH : 98 90 82 17 26 16 NJ : 129 205 131 7 60 48 NM : 590 525 600 90 50 40 NY : 1,983 2,377 2,069 361 594 552 NC : 436 807 900 36 131 116 ND : 5,194 4,285 5,044 1,160 857 1,019 OH : 1,950 2,410 2,421 562 307 323 OK : 3,696 3,500 3,600 750 700 500 OR : 1,686 1,761 2,310 521 85 264 PA : 2,481 2,717 2,513 653 724 617 RI : 8 9 6 2 3 1 SC : 70 332 396 44 130 72 SD : 9,464 7,477 8,960 2,293 1,759 3,077 TN : 2,226 3,340 3,136 417 721 235 TX : 6,005 7,610 7,322 826 1,606 570 UT : 1,518 1,452 1,481 323 245 349 VT : 425 389 391 137 136 100 VA : 1,694 2,108 2,185 374 445 257 WA : 992 1,198 1,410 312 139 426 WV : 932 955 855 95 100 53 WI : 4,507 5,000 4,900 1,377 1,441 1,569 WY : 2,530 1,581 2,817 495 182 784 : US : 100,953 105,296 109,547 22,096 20,775 20,789 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1993-94 : 1994-95 : 1995-96 : 1993-94 : 1994-95 : 1995-96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 700 400 700 26 15 26 CA 4/ : 36,600 35,000 40,000 1,372 1,313 1,500 FL : 107,300 119,700 121,200 4,829 5,387 5,454 TX : 480 950 830 21 40 35 US : 145,080 156,050 162,730 6,248 6,755 7,015 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 1,200 650 900 45 24 34 CA 4/ : 27,000 26,000 28,000 1,013 976 1,050 FL : 67,100 85,700 80,000 3,020 3,857 3,600 TX : 70 105 110 3 4 5 US : 95,370 112,455 109,010 4,081 4,861 4,689 All : AZ 4/ : 1,900 1,050 1,600 71 39 60 CA 4/ : 63,600 61,000 68,000 2,385 2,289 2,550 FL : 174,400 205,400 201,200 7,849 9,244 9,054 TX : 550 1,055 940 24 44 40 US : 240,450 268,505 271,740 10,329 11,616 11,704 Temples : FL : 2,250 2,550 2,150 101 114 97 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL : 24,500 25,700 22,800 1,042 1,092 969 Colored Seedless : FL : 25,500 28,700 27,700 1,084 1,220 1,177 Other : FL : 1,050 1,300 1,050 45 55 45 All : AZ 4/ : 1,750 1,400 1,200 59 47 40 CA 4/ 5/ : Desert : 3,400 3,300 114 111 Other Areas : 5,900 6,000 197 201 Total : 9,300 9,300 9,000 311 312 302 FL : 51,050 55,700 51,550 2,171 2,367 2,191 TX : 3,000 4,650 4,600 120 186 184 US : 65,100 71,050 66,350 2,661 2,912 2,717 Tangerines : AZ 4/ : 1,000 650 950 37 25 36 CA 4/ : 2,300 2,200 2,500 86 82 94 FL : 4,100 3,550 4,500 195 168 214 US : 7,400 6,400 7,950 318 275 344 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 5,200 3,600 5,000 197 137 190 CA : 20,700 20,500 21,000 787 779 798 US : 25,900 24,100 26,000 984 916 988 Tangelos : FL : 3,350 3,150 2,450 150 142 110 K-Early Citrus : FL : 210 120 160 9 5 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus Fruit Footnotes 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76, tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-CA & AZ-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in CA and AZ. Early and mid-season varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ California Desert and Other Areas Grapefruit forecasts combined with All Grapefruit beginning in 1995-96. Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- --- Cwt --- ----- 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 2.5 1.9 160 160 438 400 304 AZ : 6.5 9.0 270 275 1,670 1,755 2,475 CA : 17.8 20.1 350 375 7,790 6,230 7,538 FL : 36.0 35.5 218 195 8,588 7,830 6,940 Hastings : 27.0 27.5 220 200 6,380 5,940 5,500 Other FL : 9.0 8.0 210 180 2,208 1,890 1,440 NC : 16.5 16.2 185 175 3,060 3,053 2,835 TX : 5.0 6.5 185 170 1,100 925 1,105 : Total : 84.3 89.2 240 238 22,646 20,193 21,197 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production, California, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds : CA : 735,000 370,000 520,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Avocados: Bearing Acreage, Yield, Production, Price, and Value, Florida and Hawaii, 1994-96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Bearing : Yield : Production : Utilization Year : Acreage : Per :----------------------------------------------- : 1/ : Acre : Total : Utilized : Fresh : Processed ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :- Acres- ------------------------- Tons --------------------------- FL : 1994-95 : 5,700 3.51 20,000 20,000 20,000 -- 1995-96 : 5,800 3.28 19,000 19,000 19,000 -- : HI : 1994-95 : 220 1.14 250 250 250 -- 1995-96 : 210 1.19 250 250 250 -- :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fresh : Processed : All : Fresh : Processed : All :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Dollars -------- -------- 1,000 Dollars -------- FL : 1994-95 : 616 -- 616 12,320 -- 12,320 1995-96 : 596 -- 596 11,324 -- 11,324 : HI : 1994-95 : 1,000 -- 1,000 250 -- 250 1995-96 : 1,090 -- 1,090 273 -- 273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1995-96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------ Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :----------------------------------------: 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : 1995 : 1996 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------------- Acres -------------- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Mar : 3,715 3,650 2,480 2,280 4,255 2,965 Apr : 3,740 3,610 2,535 2,320 3,065 2,700 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bananas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, Hawaii, 1994-95 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield Item :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Acres -------- ------- Pounds ------- : Bananas : 930 930 14,700 14,000 Papayas : 2,200 2,435 28,200 20,900 Taro 2/ : 490 550 12,400 12,400 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production : Utilized Production :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds : Bananas : 13,700 13,000 13,700 13,000 Papayas 3/ : 62,000 50,800 Taro : 6,100 6,800 6,100 6,800 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. 2/ Area harvested is average during the year. 3/ Only utilized production is estimated. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 66,000 68,000 2,430 1,920 160,380 130,560 VA : 34,000 34,000 2,420 1,935 82,280 65,790 US : 100,000 102,000 2,427 1,925 242,660 196,350 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 139,000 151,000 2,525 1,860 350,975 280,860 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 30,000 34,000 2,365 1,845 70,950 62,730 SC : 47,000 50,000 2,300 2,100 108,100 105,000 US : 77,000 84,000 2,325 1,997 179,050 167,730 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 6,500 7,200 2,550 2,455 16,575 17,676 GA : 37,000 42,000 2,180 2,000 80,660 84,000 US : 43,500 49,200 2,235 2,067 97,235 101,676 Total 11-14 : 359,500 386,200 2,420 1,933 869,920 746,616 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,350 1,100 1,780 1,400 2,403 1,540 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 4,100 3,900 2,660 2,370 10,906 9,243 TN : 8,100 7,600 2,570 2,285 20,817 17,366 US : 12,200 11,500 2,600 2,314 31,723 26,609 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,900 3,700 3,190 2,600 12,441 9,620 TN : 630 580 2,800 2,450 1,764 1,421 US : 4,530 4,280 3,136 2,580 14,205 11,041 Total 21-23 : 18,080 16,880 2,673 2,322 48,331 39,190 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 7,100 6,700 2,150 2,030 15,265 13,601 KY : 175,000 155,000 2,400 1,950 420,000 302,250 MO : 3,500 2,700 2,290 2,025 8,015 5,468 NC : 8,200 8,100 2,140 1,290 17,548 10,449 OH : 8,500 7,700 2,160 1,950 18,360 15,015 TN : 51,000 43,000 2,125 1,700 108,375 73,100 VA : 11,000 9,000 1,935 1,540 21,285 13,860 WV : 2,000 2,000 1,775 1,300 3,550 2,600 US : 266,300 234,200 2,300 1,863 612,398 436,343 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt 2/ : MD : 8,500 8,500 1,500 1,350 12,750 11,475 PA : 3,600 3,400 1,950 1,900 7,020 6,460 US : 12,100 11,900 1,634 1,507 19,770 17,935 Total 31-32 : 278,400 246,100 2,271 1,846 632,168 454,278 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,600 2,300 2,480 2,060 6,448 4,738 TN : 620 510 2,150 2,000 1,333 1,020 US : 3,220 2,810 2,416 2,049 7,781 5,758 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,400 1,300 2,780 2,100 3,892 2,730 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 70 70 1,770 1,125 124 79 Total 35-37 : 4,690 4,180 2,515 2,050 11,797 8,567 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 5,400 4,500 2,100 2,050 11,340 9,225 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 745 1,000 1,890 1,980 1,408 1,980 MA : 210 240 1,905 1,920 400 461 US : 955 1,240 1,893 1,969 1,808 2,441 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 1,900 1,900 2,200 2,370 4,180 4,503 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 950 860 1,775 1,975 1,686 1,699 Total 54-55 : 2,850 2,760 2,058 2,247 5,866 6,202 Total 51-55 : 3,805 4,000 2,017 2,161 7,674 8,643 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 910 990 1,400 1,560 1,274 1,544 MA : 280 260 1,400 1,655 392 431 US : 1,190 1,250 1,400 1,580 1,666 1,975 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 10,395 9,750 1,989 2,035 20,680 19,843 : All Tobacco : 671,065 663,110 2,359 1,913 1,582,896 1,268,494 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. 2/ Estimates carried forward from "Crop Production" Annual Summary released January 12, 1996. Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Value of : Pound Production Class and Type :-------------------------------------------- : 1994 1995 1994 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars - ---- 1,000 Dollars --- Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old and : Middle Belts : NC : 1.705 1.805 273,448 235,661 VA : 1.706 1.807 140,370 118,883 US : 1.705 1.806 413,818 354,544 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 1.709 1.800 599,816 505,548 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 1.690 1.768 119,906 110,907 SC : 1.690 1.779 182,689 186,795 US : 1.690 1.775 302,595 297,702 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 1.650 1.761 27,349 31,127 GA : 1.654 1.759 133,412 147,756 US : 1.653 1.759 160,761 178,883 Total 11-14 : 1.698 1.790 1,476,990 1,336,677 : Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1.612 1.625 3,874 2,503 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 2.119 2.178 23,110 20,131 TN : 2.090 2.185 43,508 37,945 US : 2.100 2.183 66,618 58,076 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 2.075 2.145 25,815 20,635 TN : 2.081 2.154 3,671 3,061 US : 2.076 2.146 29,486 23,696 Total 21-23 : 2.069 2.150 99,978 84,275 : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 1.852 1.860 28,271 25,298 KY : 1.844 1.857 774,480 561,278 MO : 1.830 1.834 14,667 10,028 NC : 1.821 1.843 31,955 19,258 OH : 1.834 1.861 33,672 27,943 TN : 1.837 1.845 199,085 134,870 VA : 1.832 1.843 38,994 25,544 WV : 1.820 1.855 6,461 4,823 US : 1.841 1.854 1,127,585 809,042 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 1.635 1.670 20,846 19,163 PA : 1.200 1.400 8,424 9,044 US : 1.481 1.573 29,270 28,207 Total 31-32 : 1.830 1.843 1,156,855 837,249 -------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote at end of table. --continued Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Value of : Pound Production Class and Type :-------------------------------------------- : 1994 1995 1994 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars - ---- 1,000 Dollars ---- Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 1.669 1.774 10,762 8,405 TN : 1.614 1.756 2,151 1,791 US : 1.660 1.771 12,913 10,196 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1.736 1.745 6,757 4,764 Type 37, VA Sun-cured : Belt : VA : 1.476 1.530 183 121 Total 35-37 : 1.683 1.760 19,853 15,081 : Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 1.000 1.450 11,340 13,376 : Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 3.050 3.850 4,294 7,623 MA : 3.100 4.050 1,240 1,867 US : 3.060 3.890 5,534 9,490 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI : WI : 1.450 1.450 6,061 6,529 Type 55, Northern WI : WI : 1.450 1.450 2,445 2,464 Total 54-55 : 1.450 1.450 8,506 8,993 Total 51-55 : 1.830 2.138 14,040 18,483 : Class 6, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT 2/ : MA 2/ : US 2/ : All Cigar Types : Total 41- 55 2/ : 1.335 1.783 25,380 31,859 : All Tobacco 2/ : 1.758 1.820 2,779,056 2,305,141 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. 2/ CT and MA Shade type 61 not published to avoid disclosure; value not included in All Cigar types or U.S. total. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1994-95 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ------ ---- Pounds --- ----- 1,000 Pounds ---- : CT : 1,655 1,990 1,621 1,771 2,682 3,524 FL : 6,500 7,200 2,550 2,455 16,575 17,676 GA : 37,000 42,000 2,180 2,000 80,660 84,000 IN : 7,100 6,700 2,150 2,030 15,265 13,601 KY : 187,000 166,200 2,426 1,977 453,687 328,581 MD : 8,500 8,500 1,500 1,350 12,750 11,475 MA : 490 500 1,616 1,784 792 892 MO : 3,500 2,700 2,290 2,025 8,015 5,468 NC : 243,200 261,100 2,467 1,856 599,853 484,599 OH : 8,500 7,700 2,160 1,950 18,360 15,015 PA : 9,000 7,900 2,040 1,985 18,360 15,685 SC : 47,000 50,000 2,300 2,100 108,100 105,000 TN : 60,350 51,690 2,192 1,797 132,289 92,907 VA : 46,420 44,170 2,285 1,840 106,092 81,269 WV : 2,000 2,000 1,775 1,300 3,550 2,600 WI : 2,850 2,760 2,058 2,247 5,866 6,202 : US : 671,065 663,110 2,359 1,913 1,582,896 1,268,494 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per : Value of : Pound : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars ---- ---- 1,000 Dollars ---- : CT 2/ : 3.050 3.850 4,294 7,623 FL : 1.650 1.761 27,349 31,127 GA : 1.654 1.759 133,412 147,756 IN : 1.852 1.860 28,271 25,298 KY : 1.854 1.872 840,924 615,213 MD : 1.635 1.670 20,846 19,163 MA 2/ : 3.100 4.050 1,240 1,867 MO : 1.830 1.834 14,667 10,028 NC : 1.709 1.798 1,025,125 871,374 OH : 1.834 1.861 33,672 27,943 PA : 1.076 1.429 19,764 22,420 SC : 1.690 1.779 182,689 186,795 TN : 1.878 1.912 248,415 177,667 VA : 1.729 1.809 183,421 147,051 WV : 1.820 1.855 6,461 4,823 WI : 1.450 1.450 8,506 8,993 : US 2/ : 1.758 1.820 2,779,056 2,305,141 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. 2/ CT and MA Shade type 61 not published to avoid disclosure; value not included in All Cigar types or U.S. total. Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield by Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Area : Type : Planted : Harvested : Yield and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres -------------- ----- Pounds ---- : Upland : AL : 463.0 590.0 455.0 578.0 766 409 AZ : 313.0 365.0 312.0 364.0 1,203 1,046 AR : 980.0 1,170.0 970.0 1,110.0 877 635 CA : 1,100.0 1,170.0 1,095.0 1,165.0 1,191 953 FL : 69.0 110.0 68.0 109.0 735 472 GA : 885.0 1,500.0 875.0 1,490.0 843 625 KS : 1.4 3.8 1.2 2.6 480 185 LA : 900.0 1,085.0 890.0 1,075.0 815 614 MS : 1,280.0 1,460.0 1,270.0 1,420.0 806 622 MO : 352.0 462.0 345.0 453.0 856 544 NM : 55.0 61.0 50.0 56.0 720 609 NC : 486.0 805.0 485.0 800.0 820 479 OK : 360.0 380.0 340.0 315.0 349 187 SC : 225.0 348.0 223.0 342.0 846 528 TN : 590.0 700.0 585.0 660.0 726 527 TX : 5,450.0 6,400.0 5,150.0 5,750.0 458 372 VA : 42.2 107.0 41.7 106.0 944 620 : US : 13,551.6 16,716.8 13,155.9 15,795.6 705 533 : Amer-Pima: AZ : 48.0 48.6 47.9 48.1 806 720 CA : 81.0 115.0 80.8 115.0 1,098 937 NM : 11.0 15.0 10.7 15.0 875 605 TX : 28.5 36.0 27.0 33.0 942 756 : US : 168.5 214.6 166.4 211.1 974 836 : All : AL : 463.0 590.0 455.0 578.0 766 409 AZ : 361.0 413.6 359.9 412.1 1,150 1,008 AR : 980.0 1,170.0 970.0 1,110.0 877 635 CA : 1,181.0 1,285.0 1,175.8 1,280.0 1,185 951 FL : 69.0 110.0 68.0 109.0 735 472 GA : 885.0 1,500.0 875.0 1,490.0 843 625 KS : 1.4 3.8 1.2 2.6 480 185 LA : 900.0 1,085.0 890.0 1,075.0 815 614 MS : 1,280.0 1,460.0 1,270.0 1,420.0 806 622 MO : 352.0 462.0 345.0 453.0 856 544 NM : 66.0 76.0 60.7 71.0 747 608 NC : 486.0 805.0 485.0 800.0 820 479 OK : 360.0 380.0 340.0 315.0 349 187 SC : 225.0 348.0 223.0 342.0 846 528 TN : 590.0 700.0 585.0 660.0 726 527 TX : 5,478.5 6,436.0 5,177.0 5,783.0 461 375 VA : 42.2 107.0 41.7 106.0 944 620 : US : 13,720.1 16,931.4 13,322.3 16,006.7 708 537 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 revised. Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production in : Lint- : Bales Ginned in Type : 480-lb Net Weight : seed : 480-lb Net Weight and : Bales 1/ : Ratio 2/ : Bales 3/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 4/ : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Bales --- ------- Bales ------- : Upland : AL : 726.0 492.0 708,500 476,000 AZ : 782.0 793.0 764,400 780,050 AR : 1,772.0 1,468.0 1,799,200 1,471,450 CA : 2,717.0 2,312.0 2,735,500 2,325,950 FL 5/ : 104.1 107.2 GA : 1,537.0 1,941.0 1,551,950 1,961,800 KS 5/6/: 1.2 1.0 LA : 1,512.0 1,375.0 1,534,100 1,394,700 MS : 2,132.0 1,841.0 2,132,700 1,846,000 MO : 615.0 513.0 564,600 484,150 NM : 75.0 71.0 55,100 55,850 NC : 829.0 798.0 831,100 810,950 OK : 247.0 123.0 239,050 120,450 SC : 393.0 376.0 381,600 356,400 TN : 885.0 724.0 878,900 724,000 TX : 4,915.0 4,460.0 4,938,800 4,472,950 VA 5/ : 82.0 137.0 130,750 : US : 19,324.3 17,532.2 19,313,750 17,522,550 : Amer-Pima: AZ : 80.4 72.2 80,700 72,650 CA : 184.8 224.5 184,550 224,100 NM : 19.5 18.9 14,500 14,150 TX : 53.0 52.0 57,850 56,550 : US : 337.7 367.6 337,600 367,450 : All : AL : 726.0 492.0 708,500 476,000 AZ : 862.4 865.2 0.385 0.386 845,100 852,700 AR : 1,772.0 1,468.0 0.374 0.373 1,799,200 1,471,450 CA : 2,901.8 2,536.5 0.396 0.395 2,920,050 2,550,050 FL 5/ : 104.1 107.2 GA : 1,537.0 1,941.0 1,551,950 1,961,800 KS 5/6/: 1.2 1.0 LA : 1,512.0 1,375.0 0.395 0.397 1,534,100 1,394,700 MS : 2,132.0 1,841.0 0.376 0.376 2,132,700 1,846,000 MO : 615.0 513.0 564,600 484,150 NM : 94.5 89.9 69,600 70,000 NC : 829.0 798.0 831,100 810,950 OK : 247.0 123.0 239,050 120,450 SC : 393.0 376.0 381,600 356,400 TN : 885.0 724.0 878,900 724,000 TX : 4,968.0 4,512.0 0.366 0.366 4,996,650 4,529,500 VA 5/ : 82.0 137.0 130,750 : US : 19,662.0 17,899.8 19,651,350 17,890,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. Minor amounts of American-Pima included in Upland cotton. 2/ Estimates available only for the six states shown. Three-year average. 3/ Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4/ 1995 revised. 5/ Bales withheld to avoid disclosure of individual gins, but are included in U.S. totals. 6/ No gins operated in 1994 crop year. Cotton: Price and Value of Production by Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Price per Pound : Value of Production and :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1994 : 1995 1/ : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Dollars ------ ------ 1,000 Dollars ----- Upland : AL : .691 .727 240,800 171,688 AZ : .706 .762 265,004 290,048 AR : .677 .733 575,829 516,501 CA : .803 .835 1,047,240 926,650 FL : .722 .800 36,077 41,165 GA : .733 .762 540,778 709,940 KS : .740 .725 426 348 LA : .685 .727 497,146 479,820 MS : .717 .738 733,749 652,156 MO : .661 .701 195,127 172,614 NM : .723 .808 26,028 27,537 NC : .727 .783 289,288 299,920 OK : .680 .734 80,621 43,335 SC : .723 .797 136,387 143,843 TN : .696 .751 295,661 260,988 TX : .696 .745 1,642,003 1,594,896 VA : .722 .730 28,418 48,005 : US : .720 .759 6,630,582 6,379,454 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 1.030 1.310 39,750 45,399 CA : 1.020 1.270 90,478 136,855 NM : 1.030 1.300 9,641 11,794 TX : 1.030 1.250 26,203 31,200 : US : 1.025 1.277 166,072 225,248 : All : AL : .691 .727 240,800 171,688 AZ : .812 .808 304,754 335,447 AR : .677 .733 575,829 516,501 CA : .817 .874 1,137,718 1,063,505 FL : .722 .800 36,077 41,165 GA : .733 .762 540,778 709,940 KS : .740 .725 426 348 LA : .685 .727 497,146 479,820 MS : .717 .738 733,749 652,156 MO : .661 .701 195,127 172,614 NM : .786 .911 35,669 39,331 NC : .727 .783 289,288 299,920 OK : .680 .734 80,621 43,335 SC : .723 .797 136,387 143,843 TN : .696 .751 295,661 260,988 TX : .700 .751 1,668,206 1,626,096 VA : .722 .730 28,418 48,005 : US : .720 .769 6,796,654 6,604,702 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average to April 1, 1996. Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition, by State and United States, 1994-95 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Farm Disposition : : :-----------------------------------: : : Sales to : : Used for State: Production : Oil Mills : Other 2/ : Planting 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1995 : 1996 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 271.0 162.0 115.0 61.0 156.0 101.0 6.8 6.7 AZ : 324.0 334.0 174.0 162.0 150.0 172.0 3.7 3.3 AR : 712.0 580.0 618.0 504.0 94.0 76.0 11.1 10.5 CA :1,063.0 940.0 360.0 338.0 703.0 602.0 10.9 10.8 FL 4/: 33.0 38.0 16.0 16.0 17.0 22.0 1.2 1.3 GA : 516.0 674.0 124.0 231.0 392.0 443.0 18.0 16.6 KS 4/: 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 LA : 549.0 499.0 379.0 380.0 170.0 119.0 9.8 8.7 MS : 842.0 727.0 795.0 672.0 47.0 55.0 14.6 12.0 MO : 238.0 221.0 169.0 180.0 69.0 41.0 4.8 4.8 NM : 36.4 33.4 13.7 3.1 22.7 30.3 1.2 1.3 NC : 295.0 282.0 68.0 23.0 227.0 259.0 7.3 7.0 OK : 101.0 56.0 88.0 48.0 13.0 8.0 4.2 3.9 SC : 134.0 132.0 74.0 97.0 60.0 35.0 2.4 2.2 TN : 348.0 292.0 283.0 263.0 65.0 29.0 7.4 6.6 TX :2,111.0 1,828.0 1,735.0 1,461.0 376.0 367.0 99.8 86.0 VA : 30.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 50.0 1.0 1.0 : US :7,603.9 6,848.7 5,012.2 4,439.1 2,591.7 2,409.6 204.2 182.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1994 crop revised, 1995 crop preliminary. 2/ Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, loss and other uses. 3/ Included in "other" farm disposition. Planting seed from previous years' crops. 4/ FL seed for planting includes KS. KS estimate of cottonseed used for planting is 38 tons in 1995 and 15 in 1996. Cottonseed: Marketing Year Average Price, Value of Production, and Value of Sales to Oil Mills, by State and United States, 1994-95 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per : Value of : Value of Sales : Ton : Production : to Oil Mills State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 : 1994 : 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars --- -------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : AL : 84.00 90.00 22,764 14,580 9,660 5,490 AZ : 129.00 131.00 41,796 43,754 22,446 21,222 AR : 94.00 106.00 66,928 61,480 58,092 53,424 CA : 143.00 132.00 152,009 124,080 51,480 44,616 FL 2/ : 80.00 2,640 1,280 GA : 68.00 83.50 35,088 56,279 8,432 19,289 KS 2/ : 91.00 46 46 LA : 92.00 108.00 50,508 53,892 34,868 41,040 MS : 93.00 103.00 78,306 74,881 73,935 69,216 MO : 91.00 96.50 21,658 21,327 15,379 17,370 NM : 118.00 136.00 4,295 4,542 1,617 422 NC : 89.00 78.00 26,255 21,996 6,052 1,794 OK : 91.00 114.00 9,191 6,384 8,008 5,472 SC : 78.50 75.50 10,519 9,966 5,809 7,324 TN : 90.00 100.00 31,320 29,200 25,470 26,300 TX : 102.00 110.00 215,322 201,080 176,970 160,710 VA : 89.00 78.00 2,670 3,900 : US : 101.00 107.00 771,315 731,183 499,544 475,289 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1994 crop revised. 1995 crop preliminary. 2/ Florida and Kansas prices and values not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations in Kansas. Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted cotton objective yield surveys in 6 States which accounted for 70 percent of the 1995 U.S. Upland cotton production. Plots were randomly selected from a scientific sample of cotton fields. Two sample plots per field were visited monthly from about August 1 through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. The "large bolls" are total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count includes only bolls greater than one inch in diameter and burrs. Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss by State, 1986-1995 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Arizona : Arkansas :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : : Harvest : : Harvest : Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls : Loss : 1/ : Per Acre : 1/ : Per Acre ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Pounds Number Pounds : 1986 : 1,249 120 587 126 1987 : 1,293 179 603 77 1988 : 1,176 108 717 63 1989 : 1,232 102 578 57 1990 : 1,162 135 669 74 1991 : 1,083 91 782 89 1992 : 1,013 107 817 73 1993 : 1,082 110 753 105 1994 : 1,221 98 812 83 1995 : 1,041 100 689 66 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : California : Louisiana :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1986 : 807 113 705 77 1987 : 821 128 719 89 1988 : 797 137 710 73 1989 : 802 125 708 83 1990 : 843 131 888 78 1991 : 814 110 770 68 1992 : 819 116 875 60 1993 : 839 122 661 65 1994 : 806 133 748 75 1995 : 680 105 615 49 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row. -- continued Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss by State, 1986-95 (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Mississippi : Texas :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : : Harvest : : Harvest : Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls : Loss : 1/ : Per Acre : 1/ : Per Acre ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Pounds Number Pounds : 1986 : 611 95 391 36 1987 : 777 81 473 34 1988 : 726 86 463 34 1989 : 710 90 369 32 1990 : 693 93 489 39 1991 : 726 90 430 41 1992 : 708 84 489 53 1993 : 608 76 489 36 1994 : 760 99 486 41 1995 : 607 78 414 34 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row. Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class, Month, and State, 1995 Marketing Year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : 1995 : 1996 and :------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jul : Aug: Sep: Oct: Nov: Dec: Jan: Feb: Mar: Apr:Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Flue-cured : FL : 17 41 33 9 100 GA : 18 41 34 7 100 NC : 15 39 32 14 100 SC : 15 38 31 16 100 VA : 14 39 30 17 100 : Fire-cured : VA : 85 15 100 KY : 37 48 14 1 100 TN : 25 56 19 100 : Air-cured : IN : 33 18 46 3 100 KY : 38 25 34 3 100 MD : 100 100 MO : 35 15 50 100 NC : 55 30 15 100 OH : 32 18 47 3 100 PA 1/ : TN : 52 30 18 100 VA : 56 28 16 100 WV : 46 19 35 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Sales by month are not available. HDR2012000110010510960830 NARRATIVE Crop Moisture Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season. Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations. Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index. Drought Severity Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evaportranspiration. Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in aquifers, reservoirs, and streams. Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this is indicated by the crop moisture index). April Weather Summary: Crop development across the southern Corn Belt, already delayed by cool weather, was further set back by torrential rain toward month's end. In the central Plains and Ohio Valley, extensive wheat winterkill became apparent, while the southern Plains' dryland stands continued to deteriorate. Little or no rain fell during the month from southwestern Kansas to Texas' Northern Panhandle. Across the Southwest, hot, dry, and breezy conditions abetted wild fire development. In contrast, late- season rainfall dampened the West Coast States as far south as central California. Monthly temperatures ranged from 2 to 5 degrees F below normal across the Corn Belt and the Southeast. Above-normal temperatures prevailed, however, from the High Plains westward, with departures reaching +2 to +5 degrees F in the Southwest. A vast cell of warmth, stretching from Hawaii to the West Coast, accounted for much of the early-season heat, which produced all-time April records at several locations. Location Maximum (degrees F)/Date Former Record/Date -------- ------------------------ ------------------ Honolulu, HI 90 F on April 8 89 F in 1990* San Antonio, TX 101 F on April 19 100 F on 4/20/1984* Bethel, AK 60 F on April 23 59 F in 1938 Monticello, UT 76 F on April 24 76 F on 4/21/1989* Riverside, CA 98 F on April 26 98 F in 1981 Midland, TX 101 F on April 27 101 F on 4/21/1989 Honolulu, HI 91 F on April 28 90 F on 4/25/1996* Sacramento, CA 94 F on April 30 93 F in 1988* * Temperature was also observed on earlier dates. Snowfall finally yielded to spring in the Northeast after April 11, but not before a double-barreled storm lifted seasonal snowfall to record levels in another half-dozen locations. Seasonal snowfall records were broken on April 10 in Massachusetts at Worcester (132.9 inches) and the Blue Hill Observatory (143.8 inches); and 2 days earlier in Binghamton, NY (133.4 inches). An April -record 12.9 inches blanketed Providence, RI, all of which fell by April 11. Farther west, several storms traversed the Great Lakes States, dumping snowfall throughout the month. Seasonal records were eclipsed in Duluth, MN (April 12), Cleveland, OH (April 23), International Falls, MN (April 25), and Marquette, MI (April 30). In Evansville, IN, the late-month storm delivered 7.92 inches of rain in a 24-hour period, breaking their all-time record. The storm also boosted Evansville's monthly total to an April-record 11.84 inches. A few days earlier, on April 19-21, rains across the Midwest and Southeast were accompanied by a barrage of severe weather, including more than 110 tornadoes. Wetness extended into the Northeast, where St. Johnsbury, VT (6.23 inches) also logged a record- wet April. A brief mid-month flood episode unfolded across New England after a 2- to 6-inch rainfall. Farther west, a snowmelt flood developed across the North Central States. On April 21, the Red River crested at 17.82 feet above flood stage at East Grand Forks, MN. Meanwhile in the Northwest, precipitation totaled more than twice normal in locations such as Astoria, OR (10.09 inches) and Seattle, WA (5.37 inches). High winds swept the Plains and western Corn Belt on April 25, lifting dust from dry and open fields. Visibilities dropped below a mile in parts of Kansas, and peak wind gusts included 61 mph in Dodge City, KS, 68 mph in Pierre, SD, and an April-record 67 mph in Glasgow, MT. In Wichita, KS, winds gusted to 48 mph, one of 9 days during the month on which winds reached or exceeded 40 mph. Only an early-month storm broke an otherwise dry pattern across Texas. In Midland, a 1.22-inch rainfall on April 4-5 accounted for 90 percent of their year-to-date total, while a 9.3-inch snowfall in Abilene was their greatest 24-hour total on record. Farther north, however, precipitation totaled only 0.11 inches in Lubbock and a trace in Amarillo. Toward month's end, rain developed over eastern Kansas. In Wichita, 1.33 inches--more than 90% of the month's total--fell on April 27-28. Rain overspread Florida's Peninsula on April 30, accounting for more than three-fourths of the monthly totals in Melbourne (0.95 inches) and Orlando (0.68 inches). Warm, dry weather covered Hawaii and most of Alaska. In Hawaii, Honolulu set or tied 21 daily-record highs and 4 April-record highs. Monthly temperatures averaged up to 5oF above normal in southwestern Alaska. Heavy precipitation was confined to the extreme south, where Kodiak received 9.74 inches (232% of normal), their second-wettest April. Plains Drought Update: In Texas' Northern Panhandle, Amarillo's 211-day (October 3, 1995 - April 30, 1996) precipitation was the lowest on record (1.22 inches; 21% of normal), breaking the record of 2.52 inches, set between September 1954 and April 1955. In addition, Amarillo received only a trace of rain during April, tying the mark set in 1929 and 1964. As of early May, severe drought extended as far northeast as Wichita, KS, where 7-month precipitation (through April 30) was 4.54 inches, or 42% of normal. The only other drier October-April period in Wichita was in 1966-67, when 3.23 inches fell. A distinguishing feature of the drought of 1995-96 has been high winds. In Wichita, winds during April averaged 15.4 mph--their windiest April since 1974--and peaked at or above 40 mph on 9 different days. Drought developed in parts of southern Texas during the summer of 1994, persisted to some degree into 1995, and has begun to intensify again in recent months. (Much larger 2-year rainfall deficits have been observed across the northern third of Mexico.) Seven-month rainfall in San Antonio was 3.57 inches, ahead of only a 3.27-inch total in 1886-87. As a result of long-term drought, some reservoirs across southern Texas have dropped to record-low levels. The International Amistad Reservoir, along the Rio Grande near Del Rio, has been setting record lows for many months now. The water line stands 43.49 feet below the conservation level, and holdings are at 36% of the conservation-pool capacity. South of San Antonio, the Choke Canyon Lake (on the Frio River) has fallen nearly 6 feet below the former record-low level set on July 15, 1990, and is 24.15 feet below the conservation-pool level (33% of capacity). Downstream from Choke Canyon, Lake Corpus Christi remains nearly 18 feet above the record- low elevation set on May 5, 1951, but has dropped 8.42 feet below the conservation-pool level (42% of capacity). General Crop Comments: The month began with continued dry conditions in the southern Great Plains wheat region. Rain and snow fell across central Texas, but missed the Texas High Plains, where below- freezing temperatures lowered wheat condition. Cool weather and dry soil conditions left wheat progress in Kansas behind normal. Wheat broke dormancy across the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys and revealed previous freeze damage. Cool, wet weather over the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys limited field activity. In the Great Lakes region and the Northern States, planting of spring grains was delayed as producers waited for snowmelt and higher soil temperatures. In early April, farmers in the Southeast were unable to enter wet fields, leaving crop development and planting progress behind schedule. In the Corn Belt, winter wheat condition declined as a result of temperature fluctuations. The month began with corn and cotton progress 1 percentage point behind normal due to cool, wet spring weather and low soil temperatures. The middle of April brought continued drought conditions in the Texas High Plains and warm, windy weather in the Southwest and central Great Plains, depleting soil moisture supplies. Beneficial rains fell over parts of Kansas, but more rain was needed. Snowmelt in the Red River Valley triggered flooding and pushed fieldwork and small grain seeding behind schedule. Heavy rains and thunderstorms over the Delta States slowed spring planting. Wheat heading started in mid-April, slightly behind schedule due to cool weather. On April 15, a freeze extended into the Texas High Plains and further stressed the drought-stricken wheat. The storm system brought scattered rain to parts of Kansas but did little to revive wheat fields that were damaged by high wind, dust, and low temperatures. In the central Great Plains, wheat was beginning to grow but the wheat stands were thin. By mid-April, wheat in the Ohio Valley was beginning to joint. Across the Midwest, low soil temperatures caused some producers to wait for warmer weather before seeding. Wet fields and below- normal temperatures slowed cotton planting in the Southeastern States. Later in the month, rain showers brought pre-planting moisture to the Corn Belt. The effects of winterkill in the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys were observed as warmer weather stimulated growth. Some wheat fields in the central States with severe winterkill and wind damage were abandoned. Freezing temperatures at mid-month threatened wheat that was jointing in the central Great Plains. Cool weather left wheat headed behind normal in the Southeastern States. Corn planting progress in the Midwest made significant headway, despite some producers who were waiting for higher soil temperatures. By the end of April, rain fell over the central Great Plains and extended to the eastern Corn Belt, but missed the critically dry wheat region in the southern Great Plains. High winds caused soil erosion and blew out borderline wheat fields in the central Great Plains. Reports of poor wheat fields being tilled continued as producers contemplated their options. The continued lack of soil moisture in the southern Great Plains stressed small grain fields. Windy weather in the Dakotas helped dry saturated fields, but planting was delayed for many small grains. Across the Southwest small grains rapidly turned color due to high temperatures. Rain over the Corn Belt brought pre-planting moisture for row crops but left fields saturated, slowing planting progress. Winter wheat finished the month with 13 percent of the acreage heading, 7 points behind the 5-year average. Warm weather at month's end caused wheat to green and develop. Wheat fields in the Corn Belt with severe winterkill were tilled and replanted to corn. Corn planting progress surged at the end of April over most of the Corn Belt despite some wet fields and low soil temperatures. Cotton planting was behind normal in the Delta and Southeastern States, where some producers chose to plant other row crops first. Excessive rain and low soil temperatures slowed cotton planting in the Delta. Cotton producers in the Texas High Plains prepared fields and applied pre-planting herbicides. Winter Wheat: Area for grain harvest this year is forecast at 37.9 million acres, down 7 percent from 1995. This will be the lowest estimated harvested acres since 1972. Poor conditions fostered by drought in the central and southern Great Plains along with problems in some major Soft red areas have abandonment at the highest level since the 1983 PIK program reductions. The Hard Red Winter area of eastern Colorado, into southwest Nebraska, western Kansas and Oklahoma, and the Texas Panhandle is the driest since 1896, according to the National Weather Service. States encompassing this territory plus South Dakota have apparent abandonment of 11.1 million acres. Overall, Hard Red grain acres are down 11 percent from last year. Soft Red winter is down 3 percent. The 1.55 million-acre abandonment in Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri more than offset Soft Red gains in other States. Kansas wheat has been stressed by dry weather since seeding. Poor emergence and root development made the crop susceptible to wind damage and freezes that came this winter. Forecasted head counts from the Kansas Objective Yield survey are the lowest on record--dating back to 1964. Head counts are the lowest since 1991 in Oklahoma where the drought has ruined dryland wheat in the Panhandle and parts of the southwest, west, and north central growing areas. Dryland wheat has been reduced substantially in the Texas Panhandle. Fields are turning rapidly up into central Texas. Overall, average headcounts were found in areas other than the Texas Panhandle. Subsoil moisture is short in southwest Nebraska, but adequate in the Panhandle. All dryland wheat in New Mexico is in very poor condition; this will be the smallest acreage harvested since 1957. Heavy winterkill has been reported in central South Dakota. Dryness at seeding prevented proper crop establishment in parts of Illinois, Missouri, and southwest Indiana. The winter temperature fluctuations caused heaving and abnormally high winterkill. Recent rains have caused flooding in some of the affected areas. A harsh winter has given way to a favorable spring in Arkansas. Moderate winterkill was found in Kentucky's later planted wheat. Cool weather this spring has slowed crop development in Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Florida's harvest should start in late May. Condition ratings are high in the Pacific Northwest. Record yields are forecast in Idaho and Oregon. In Idaho, cool, rainy weather has the crop growing slowly. Michigan's crop is maturing 2-3 weeks later than normal. Water is standing in some of New York's Eastern White wheat fields. Durum Wheat: Durum production in Arizona and California is forecast at 12.9 and 13.1 million bushels, respectively. Arizona's production is up 52 percent from 1995 while California's is up 93 percent. The production increases are largely due to dramatic jumps in area for grain in both States. Condition ratings are good to excellent for both crops. All of Arizona's wheat is headed, most fields are turning color, and harvest has started. Average yields have been reported so far in California's Imperial Valley where harvest began in late April. San Joaquin Valley fields were turning color May 1. Harvest should start there later this month. Hay Stocks on Farms: Stocks of all hay on farms totaled 20.8 million tons on May 1, virtually unchanged from the previous year. Although production of the 1995 crop was 3 percent above 1994, a cold winter and slow pasture greening this spring forced increased feeding. Disappearance of hay from December 1, 1995 - May 1, 1996, totaled 88.8 million tons, 5 percent higher than the 1994 crop disappearance of 84.5 million tons for the same period. Stocks of hay were lower compared to last year in the Northeast, Southeast, Delta States, portions of the Midwest, and Southwest. A combination of cold winter and spring weather, poor pasture growth last year, and higher grain prices, caused an increased feeding of hay. Stocks were higher in the far West and Northwest, mainly due to increased production of the 1995 hay crop. Almonds: The first forecast of 1996 California almond production is 520 million pounds, shelled basis. Production is up 41 percent from last year's crop of 370 million pounds. Bearing acreage totaled 410,000, up 3 percent from 1995 acreage of 400,000. Statewide bloom reports varied from good to excellent. Cold weather and intermittent rain storms during February and March hampered pollination. Expectations are for early and mid-season varieties not to do as well as late varieties. Avocados: Florida avocado production for the 1995-96 season totaled 19,000 tons, down 5 percent from 20,000 tons last season. Trees recovered dramatically from Hurricane Andrew, which devastated the south Dade County producing area in 1992. Bearing acreage, at 5,800 acres, was up 2 percent from the 1994-95 level. The value of Florida avocados for the 1995-96 season totaled $11.3 million, down 8 percent from last season. The 1995-96 Hawaii avocado crop totaled 250 tons, unchanged from the 1994-95 production and the same level as in the 1993-94 season. Bearing acres, at 210 acres, were down 5 percent from the 1994-95 season while yields improved 4 percent to average 1.19 tons per acre. Despite dry conditions and a reduction in harvested acres, above-average yields contributed to unchanged production from last season. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.70 million pounds for April. This was 9 percent lower than March and 12 percent lower than April, 1995. April weather conditions were a mix of light showers and warm temperatures. Record high temperatures were prevalent for much of the month. Papaya ringspot virus continued to be a problem. Orchard conditions in the major papaya producing area ranged from poor to good depending on the severity of papaya ringspot virus infestation. Roguing efforts to contain the disease continued. Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,610 acres, 1 percent lower than March and 3 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 2,320 acres, was 2 percent higher than last month but 8 percent lower than last April. Grapefruit: The May 1 forecast of the 1995-96 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.72 million tons, up 1 percent from last month but down 7 percent from last season. The Florida crop was 51.6 million boxes (2.19 million tons), 1 percent above last month but 7 percent below last season. White seedless grapefruit totaled 22.8 million boxes (969,000 tons), 4 percent more than April but 11 percent less than 1994-95. The colored seedless amount is 27.7 million boxes (1.18 million tons), a decrease of 1 percent from last month and 3 percent below a year ago. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected to be 1.05 million boxes (45,000 tons), 5 percent more than last month but 19 percent below last year. Movement of Florida's seedless grapefruit was over 48 million boxes. The Texas grapefruit forecast, at 4.60 million boxes (184,000 tons), is unchanged from last month but down 1 percent from a year ago. California's and Arizona's grapefruit forecasts were carried forward from last month at 9.00 million boxes (302,000 tons) and 1.20 million boxes (40,000 tons), respectively. Tangerines: The 1995-96 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 344,000 tons, unchanged from last month but 25 percent above last season. The Florida forecast is 4.50 million boxes (214,000 tons), unchanged from April but 27 percent more than 1994-95. Honey tangerine harvest is complete for the year. The California and Arizona forecasts were carried forward from April at 2.50 million boxes (94,000 tons) and 950,000 boxes (36,000 tons), respectively. Tangelos: The 1995-96 Florida tangelo crop is forecast at 2.45 million boxes (110,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 22 percent from last year's production. Harvest is finished for the season. Temples: The May 1 forecast for the 1995-96 Florida temple production was 2.15 million boxes (97,000 tons), down 2 percent from last month and 6 percent from last season. Temple harvest was complete by the end of the month. Florida Citrus: April was very dry throughout the citrus belt. Most growers used low volume irrigation to maintain good tree condition during this important fruit set period. Citrus trees shed small green fruit that couldn't carry through next season. New growth was abundant on trees of all ages in most well cared for groves. Harvest of Valencia oranges was very active during April with most of the fruit going to processors. Nearly 44 million boxes of Valencia oranges were harvested by the end of April. Movement of all seedless grapefruit slowed during April as supplies ran low in all areas. A little more than 22 million boxes of white seedless grapefruit were picked and almost 27 million boxes of colored seedless grapefruit were certified by the first of May. Temple and Honey tangerine harvests were completed by the end of the month. More than 2.1 million boxes of Temples moved during April. Almost 1.6 million boxes of Honey tangerines were picked this year. Caretakers were busy cutting cover crops, fertilizing, hedging, and applying post bloom nutritional sprays. California Fruits and Nuts: Warm weather continued advancing crop growth. Orchards and vineyards were mowed, disced, fertilized, irrigated, thinned, and sprayed. Stone fruit were thinned during the month. Fruit set occurred for apples, kiwifruit, and pomegranates. Cherry harvest began in the southern part of the state. Rains during mid month temporarily halted the strawberry harvest but it resumed quickly. Almond nut set looks light to normal. Walnut and grape catkins appeared during mid-month. Conditions for grapes looked good. California Citrus: Desert valley grapefruit picking continued with excellent quality reported. Some sheepnose, wind scar, and sunburn occurred. Lemon harvest was active in the central valley and south coast areas. Good quality was reported but with some wind scar, botrytis, and bud mite defects. Navel orange harvest wound down by early May. Valencia orange picking gathered momentum during April. Overall quality was good, but some problems include puff, crease, thrips scar, red scale, and coarse texture. Spring Potatoes: Spring potato production is forecast at 21.2 million cwt, up 1 percent from last month but 6 percent below the peak of two years ago. Area for harvest is estimated at 89,200 acres. This level is up 6 percent from a year ago but 1 percent below two years ago. The average yield, projected at 238 cwt per acre, is down 2 cwt from last year and 13 cwt below 1994. Early frost damage, cold, and wet weather hurt spring potatoes across the Southeast. Harvest in Alabama may be three to four weeks late. Growers are worried about the affect of warm weather on the maturing crop as harvest is ushed back to mid-June. Early cold weather hurt spring potatoes in all of Florida, but "other" areas more than in the Hastings area. Harvest began in Hastings late in April and was active in other areas through the month. Planting in North Carolina finished by late April. Growers say cold weather and rain thinned stands this year. The additional acreage in Texas has their crop about the same size as two years ago, although yields are down sharply. Arizona and California potatoes are doing well with no forecast changes from last month. Some shipping has taken place on early varieties. Farmers are controlling blight with effective spray programs. Later potatoes are left to gain size. Tobacco, 1995 Final : U.S. tobacco production totaled 1.27 billion pounds in 1995, down 20 percent from 1994. Yield per acre averaged 1,913 pounds, compared to 2,359 pounds in 1994. Tobacco producers harvested 663,110 acres, down 1 percent from the previous year. All tobacco types except cigar types showed a decrease in yields from 1994. Flue-cured, binder, and wrapper tobacco showed increases in harvested acres from 1994. Flue-cured production totaled 747 million pounds in 1995, down 14 percent from the 1994 production. Growers harvested 386,200 acres, up 7 percent from the previous year. Flue-cured tobacco represents 58 percent of the 1995's all tobacco acreage. Yield per acre averaged 1,933 pounds, 487 pounds below the 1994 average yield. A cold, wet spring across the flue-cured tobacco belt delayed tobacco seeding and resulted in uneven plant development. Hot, humid summer weather increased disease problems that resulted in lower yields. Heavy rains in the early fall caused some tobacco plants to drop leaves prematurely and disrupted harvest activity. Burley production totaled 436 million pounds in 1995, 29 percent below the previous year. The drop in production from last year reflects the decrease in harvested acres and lower yields. A summer heat wave depleted soil moisture supplies and lowered tobacco condition. The hot weather extended into the fall and caused an early harvest and dried down housed tobacco faster than desired. Growers harvested 234,200 acres, 12 percent below the previous year. Average yield for burley tobacco was 1,863 pounds, 437 pounds below the previous year. Kentucky, with 69 percent of the 1995 burley production, was 28 percent below 1994. Burley yield for Kentucky, at 1,950 pounds, was 450 pounds below the previous year. Dark fire-cured production, at 39.2 million pounds, was down 19 percent from 1994. The average yield of 2,322 pounds was 351 pounds below previous year. Harvested acres, at 16,880, were down 7 percent. Production of dark air-cured tobacco was down 27 percent from the 1994 production. Harvested acres, at 4,180, were 11 percent below the previous year. The average yield per acre of 2,050 pounds was 50 pounds below 1994. All cigar type production of 19.8 million pounds was 4 percent below the previous year. Compared with last year, filler production was 19 smaller. Binder production was up 13 percent and production of wrapper was up 19 percent from the previous year. Cotton, 1995 Final: All cotton production in the United States totaled 17.9 million bales in 1995, 9 percent below the 1994 record high. Output in 1995 was the fourth largest on record. Upland cotton, at 17.5 million bales, decreased 9 percent from the previous year, while American- Pima production increased 9 percent to total 367,600 bales. The area planted to cotton totaled 16.9 million acres, up 23 percent from 1994, the largest since 1956. Harvested area, at 16.0 million acres, jumped 20 percent from the previous year and was at its largest since 1955. Abandonment of 5 percent compared with 3 percent in 1994. Yields for the U.S. averaged 537 pounds, down from the record high 708 pounds per acre in 1994. Delta States output decreased 14 percent from 1994 to 5.92 million bales. Production fell due to drought, extreme high temperatures, and insects. Plantings were delayed early in the season because of excess rain. In June, the pace of planting equaled the average. Boll counts and weights were among the lowest of the past 10 years resulting in a low yielding crop. Yields averaged 602 pounds, down 216 pounds from one year earlier. Production of 3.61 million bales in the Southeast was up 4 percent from 1994 as the result of a 58 percent increase in harvested acreage. Yields averaged 539 pounds, 282 pounds less than the previous year. Hot, dry conditions caused poor crop development while excessive rains during the fall in the Carolina's delayed harvest and caused high boll losses. Western States Upland production totaled 3.18 million bales, an 11 percent decrease from 1994. Although harvested acreage increased 9 percent from a year earlier. Early season rains and cool temperatures in both Arizona and California delayed planting which resulted in lower yields. Boll numbers and weights were much less than anticipated earlier in the season. The Texas-Oklahoma Upland production, at 4.58 million bales, decreased 11 percent from the previous year. Plantings were delayed because of dry weather. Then in early June, heavy rains and hail caused a need to replant. A cool September, with the highest rainfall in 60 years in the West Texas growing region, lowered yields from earlier expectations. Texas producers harvested 90 percent of the planted acreage, compared with 94 percent in 1994 and 91 percent in 1993. Yields for these two States decreased 88 pounds from one year earlier, to 363 pounds. Ginnings totaled 17,890,000 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales during the 1995 season. This compares with 19,651,350 equivalent 480-pound bales ginned in 1994. The preliminary 1995 marketing year average price received by farmers for lint is 76.9 cents per pound, up 4.9 cents from 1994. The value of lint for the 1995 crop totaled $6.60 billion, down 3 percent from a year earlier. Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 1995 totaled 6.85 million tons, down 10 percent from 1994. The preliminary 1995 marketing year price received is $107.00 per ton compared with $101.00 in 1994. Value of cottonseed for the 1995 crop totaled $731 million, down 5 percent from the previous year. Reliability of May 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 24 and May 3 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,000 winter wheat producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts. Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 winter wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by expressing the deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1976-1995 20-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.36 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.7 percent or approximately 77.7 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.8 percent or approximately 134 million bushels. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 53 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 124 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 3 times and above 7 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Index Page Table Narrative Almonds............................................... A- 8 B- 6 Avocados.............................................. A- 8 B- 6 Bananas............................................... A- 9 Citrus Fruit.......................................... A-10 B- 7 Cotton................................................ A-17 B- 9 Cottonseed............................................ A-20 B-10 Crop Moisture Maps.................................... B- 1 Crop Summary.......................................... A- 3 Farm Marketings - Tobacco............................. A-24 Hay Stocks............................................ A- 7 B- 6 Papayas............................................... A- 9 B- 7 Potatoes, Spring...................................... A-11 B- 8 Reliability Statement................................. B-11 Taro.................................................. A- 9 Tobacco by Class and Type............................. A-12 B- 9 Tobacco by States..................................... A-16 Wheat, by Class....................................... A- 6 Wheat, Winter......................................... A- 5 B- 5 Wheat, Durum.......................................... A- 6 B- 6 Report Features The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on June 12, 1996. Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds, Rice (202) 720-9526 Greg Preston - Sugar Crops, Tobacco, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202) 720-8068 Dan Kerestes - Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202) 720-7369 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Stephen Ropel, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Dry Beans, Onions (202) 720-4285 Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944 Linda McMillan - Nuts, Grapes (202) 720-4215 Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-2157 Blair Smith - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Barbara Rater - Noncitrus Fruits (202) 720-7688 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. 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