HDR1012000110011010970830CROP PRODUCTION Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released October 10, 1997, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call at (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Forecasts refer to October 1, 1997. Index and report Report Features are located at the end of this report. Corn Production Up Fractionally; Soybean Production Down Slightly Corn production is forecast at 9.31 billion bushels, up fractionally from 1996 and the September 1 forecast. If realized, this will be the third highest corn production on record. Based on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 125.8 bushels per acre, up 0.6 bushels from last month, but down 1.3 bushels from 1996. Acreage harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 74.0 million acres, unchanged from last month. Yield prospects increased in Illinois. Forecasted yield in Indiana, Wisconsin, and Nebraska decreased. Minnesota, Iowa, and Ohio yields remained unchanged. Soybean production is forecast at 2.72 billion bushels, down slightly from the September 1 forecast, but 14 percent above the 1996 production. The yield is forecast at 39.0 bushels per acre, 0.3 bushels below the September 1 forecast, but 1.4 bushels above the 1996 final yield. Of the eight major producing states, the forecasted yield decreased in Iowa, Minnesota, and Nebraska. The yield forecast remained unchanged in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio. As of October 5, 37 percent of the crop had been harvested in the 19 major producing states. All cotton: Production is forecast at 18.4 million bales, down 8,000 bales from August and down 3 percent from 1996. This is the fourth largest crop on record. Yield is expected to average 658 pounds per acre, down 49 pounds from last year. The Delta States production increased 170,000 bales from the previous forecast, while the Southeastern States had a 180,000 bale reduction from September. Dry conditions continued in the Carolinas and Georgia, reducing crop potential. Mississippi's production was increased 60,000 bales from last month. Cr Pr 2-2 (10-97) All oranges: The initial forecast of the 1997-98 U.S. all orange crop is a record large 14.3 million tons, up 12 percent from the previous record of 12.8 million tons set in the 1996-97 season. Florida's all orange, early-midseason, and Valencia crops are forecast at record high levels for the second season in a row. Florida's all orange forecast is 254 million boxes (11.4 million tons), 12 percent more than the 226 million boxes produced last season. Early and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 146 million boxes (6.57 million tons), 9 percent greater than last season. Florida's Valencia forecast of 108 million boxes (4.86 million tons) is 17 percent above last season's 92.0 million boxes. California's all orange production is forecast at 74.0 million boxes (2.78 million tons), 9 percent more than last season. The Navel orange forecast was unchanged from September at 44.0 million boxes (1.65 million tons) but up 10 percent from last year's production of 40.0 million boxes. The initial California Valencia forecast of the 1997-98 season is 30.0 million boxes (1.13 million tons), 7 percent more than last year. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ): Yield for the 1997-98 season is forecast at 1.55 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The final 1996-97 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was 1.57 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. Projected yields for 1997-98 early-midseason and Valencia varieties will be published in the January Crop Production report. This report was approved on October 10, 1997. Acting Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Richard E. Rominger Rich Allen Crop Summary: Utilized Production, United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production :----------------------------------------------------------- Crop : : : October 1, : 1996 : : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Year 1/ : 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 : : --------- 1,000 Tons --------- : Citrus Fruits : Oranges : 11,427 12,827 14,309 Grapefruit : 2,718 2,888 2,824 Lemons : 992 859 935 Tangerines : 349 418 370 Temples (FL) : 97 108 104 Tangelos (FL) : 110 178 149 K-Early : Citrus (FL) : 7 7 6 : : Metric Tons : : Oranges : 10,366,400 11,636,460 12,980,910 Grapefruit : 2,465,730 2,619,950 2,561,890 Lemons : 899,930 779,270 848,220 Tangerines : 316,610 379,200 335,660 Temples (FL) : 88,000 97,980 94,350 Tangelos (FL) : 99,790 161,480 135,170 K-Early : Citrus (FL) : 6,350 6,350 5,440 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested 1/ Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Corn : 79,487 80,227 73,147 74,049 Sorghum : 13,188 10,268 11,901 9,512 Rice : 2,819 3,065 2,799 3,037 Soybeans 2/ : 64,205 70,850 63,409 69,816 Peanuts : 1,401.5 1,404.0 1,380.0 1,384.5 Sunflower 2/ : 2,556 2,920 2,499 2,807 All Cotton : 14,633.5 13,905.0 12,868.1 13,436.5 Upland : 14,375.5 13,655.0 12,612.2 13,187.5 Amer-Pima : 258.0 250.0 255.9 249.0 All Hay : 61,029 60,807 Alfalfa : 24,291 23,556 All Other : 36,738 37,251 Dry Edible Beans : 1,813.0 1,913.6 1,717.7 1,743.1 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : 215.9 292.6 204.9 274.6 Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : 8.6 6.1 7.3 5.4 Lentils 2/ : 147.2 174.0 140.0 164.0 Tobacco : 732.7 794.8 Sugarbeets : 1,368.4 1,464.8 1,323.3 1,433.0 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed : 888.9 914.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested for principal use of each crop, ie., grain, beans, etc. 2/ 1996 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Yield per Acre : Production :--------------------------------------------------- Crop and Unit : : : : Sep 1, : Oct 1, : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------- 1,000 ------------- : Corn for Grain Bu : 127.1 125.8 9,293,435 9,267,655 9,311,705 Sorghum for Grain " : 67.5 69.9 802,974 653,208 664,499 Rice 1/ Cwt : 6,121 5,907 171,321 181,455 179,383 Soybeans for Beans Bu : 37.6 39.0 2,382,364 2,745,891 2,721,843 Peanuts Lb : 2,653 2,539 3,661,205 3,658,525 3,514,625 Sunflower 2/ " : 1,435 1,334 3,586,615 3,745,280 All Cotton 1/ Bale : 707 658 18,942.0 18,417.5 18,409.5 Upland 1/ " : 701 650 18,413.5 17,873.5 17,863.5 Amer-Pima 1/ " : 991 1,053 528.5 544.0 546.0 Cottonseed Ton : 7,143.5 7,052.8 7,058.8 All Hay 3/ " : 2.45 2.50 149,457 153,886 152,141 Alfalfa 3/ " : 3.27 3.32 79,377 77,817 78,168 All Other 3/ " : 1.91 1.99 70,080 76,069 73,973 Dry Edible Beans 1/ 3/ Cwt : 1,592 1,678 27,354 29,163 29,255 Dry Edible Peas 1/ 2/ " : 1,304 2,098 2,671.0 5,760.0 Austrian Winter : Peas 1/ 2/ " : 1,411 1,519 103 82 Lentils 1/ 2/ " : 952 1,387 1,333 2,274 Tobacco Lb : 2,071 2,072 1,517,334 1,614,173 1,646,796 Sugarbeets Ton : 20.2 20.7 26,680 29,358 29,638 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed " : 33.1 32.5 29,462 29,664 29,695 Apples, Comm'l 3/ Lb : 10,355,000 10,648,900 10,423,900 Grapes 3/ Ton : 5,548.0 6,644.4 6,659.4 Pecans Lb : 221,500 292,000 275,000 Hazelnuts Ton : 18.5 40.0 40.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield in pounds. 2/ 1996 revised. 3/ September 1 forecast carried forward from August 1. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1996-97 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1996 : 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 4,661 5,169 2,685 2,911 Barley : 7,144 6,910 6,767 6,425 All Wheat : 75,621 70,989 62,927 63,577 Winter : 51,958 48,342 39,679 41,813 Durum : 3,630 3,250 3,556 3,107 Other Spring : 20,033 19,397 19,692 18,657 Rye : 1,467 1,433 347 341 Flaxseed : 96 152 92 146 Potatoes : Winter 2/ : 14.5 15.6 14.5 15.4 Spring : 93.4 87.7 90.0 86.1 Summer : 78.0 68.9 74.8 66.0 Fall : 1,269.9 1,198.6 1,246.7 1,181.5 Total 2/ : 1,455.8 1,370.8 1,426.0 1,349.0 Sweetpotatoes : 89.1 87.8 84.8 84.7 Hops : 44.2 44.0 Ginger Root (HI) : .2 .3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ 1997 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1996-97 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per Acre : Production Crop and Unit :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1996 : 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 -------- : Oats Bu : 57.8 60.5 155,273 176,104 Barley " : 58.5 58.3 395,751 374,478 All Wheat " : 36.3 39.7 2,285,133 2,526,552 Winter " : 37.2 45.0 1,477,058 1,882,609 Durum " : 32.6 27.7 116,090 86,193 Other Spring " : 35.1 29.9 691,985 557,750 Rye " : 26.0 26.1 9,016 8,912 Potatoes : Winter 2/ Cwt : 226 203 3,273 3,124 Spring " : 249 250 22,417 21,498 Summer " : 261 262 19,507 17,271 Fall " : 364 453,436 Total " : 350 498,633 Hops Lb : 1,698 1,680 74,970.5 73,838.0 Ginger Root (HI) " : 47,000 44,000 9,400 12,100 Peaches " : 2,070,300 2,643,900 Pears Ton : 820.8 1,019.8 Sweet Cherries " : 154.3 191.3 Tart Cherries Lb : 270,300 242,200 Apricots Ton : 79.8 132.0 Olives (CA) " : 166.0 95.0 Dried Prunes (CA) " : 220.0 215.0 Prunes and Plums : (Excl CA) " : 20.0 28.4 Almonds (CA) Lb : 510,000 680,000 Walnuts (CA) Ton : 208.0 230.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2/ 1997 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested 1/ Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Corn : 32,167,590 32,467,060 29,601,860 29,966,890 Sorghum : 5,337,050 4,155,360 4,816,220 3,849,410 Rice : 1,140,820 1,240,370 1,132,730 1,229,040 Soybeans 2/ : 25,983,120 28,672,290 25,660,990 28,253,840 Peanuts : 567,170 568,180 558,470 560,290 Sunflower 2/ : 1,034,390 1,181,690 1,011,320 1,135,960 All Cotton : 5,922,030 5,627,210 5,207,590 5,437,620 Upland : 5,817,620 5,526,040 5,104,030 5,336,850 Amer-Pima : 104,410 101,170 103,560 100,770 All Hay : 24,697,830 24,607,980 Alfalfa : 9,830,320 9,532,880 All Other : 14,867,500 15,075,110 Dry Edible Beans : 733,700 774,410 695,140 705,420 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : 87,370 118,410 82,920 111,130 Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : 3,480 2,470 2,950 2,190 Lentils 2/ : 59,570 70,420 56,660 66,370 Tobacco : 296,510 321,630 Sugarbeets : 553,780 592,790 535,530 579,920 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed : 359,730 370,090 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested for principal use of each crop, ie., grain, beans, nuts, etc. 2/ 1996 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per Hectare : Production :--------------------------------------------------------- Crop : : : : Sep 1, : Oct 1, : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Corn for Grain : 7.97 7.89 236,064,120 235,409,280 236,528,200 Sorghum for Grain : 4.23 4.38 20,396,480 16,592,250 16,879,050 Rice : 6.86 6.62 7,770,990 8,230,660 8,136,680 Soybeans for Beans 1/ : 2.53 2.62 64,837,320 74,730,910 74,076,430 Peanuts : 2.97 2.85 1,660,690 1,659,480 1,594,210 Sunflower 1/ : 1.61 1.50 1,626,860 1,698,830 All Cotton : .79 .74 4,124,140 4,009,940 4,008,200 Upland : .79 .73 4,009,070 3,891,500 3,889,320 Amer-Pima : 1.11 1.18 115,070 118,440 118,880 Cottonseed : 6,480,470 6,398,190 6,403,640 All Hay 2/ : 5.49 5.61 135,585,110 139,603,030 138,020,000 Alfalfa 2/ : 7.33 7.44 72,009,600 70,594,390 70,912,820 All Other 2/ : 4.28 4.45 63,575,510 69,008,640 67,107,180 Dry Edible Beans : 1.78 1.88 1,240,760 1,322,810 1,326,980 Dry Edible Peas 1/ : 1.46 2.35 121,150 261,270 Austrian Winter : Peas 1/ : 1.58 1.70 4,670 3,720 Lentils 1/ : 1.07 1.55 60,460 103,150 Tobacco : 2.32 2.32 688,250 732,180 746,970 Sugarbeets : 45.20 46.36 24,203,690 26,633,130 26,887,140 Sugarcane for : Sugar and Seed : 74.30 72.79 26,727,480 26,910,730 26,938,850 Apples, Comm'l 2/ : 4,696,950 4,830,260 4,728,200 Grapes 2/ : 5,033,060 6,027,650 6,041,260 Pecans : 100,470 132,450 124,740 Hazelnuts : 16,780 36,290 36,290 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1996 revised. 2/ September 1 forecast carried forward from August 1. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1996-97 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1996 : 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,886,260 2,091,840 1,086,590 1,178,050 Barley : 2,891,110 2,796,410 2,738,540 2,600,130 All Wheat : 30,603,060 28,728,540 25,465,930 25,728,980 Winter : 21,026,880 19,563,520 16,057,690 16,921,300 Durum : 1,469,020 1,315,240 1,439,080 1,257,370 Other Spring : 8,107,150 7,849,770 7,969,160 7,550,300 Rye : 593,680 579,920 140,430 138,000 Flaxseed : 38,850 61,510 37,230 59,080 Potatoes : Winter 2/ : 5,870 6,310 5,870 6,230 Spring : 37,800 35,490 36,420 34,840 Summer : 31,570 27,880 30,270 26,710 Fall : 513,920 485,060 504,530 478,140 Total 2/ : 589,150 554,750 577,090 545,930 Sweetpotatoes : 36,060 35,530 34,320 34,280 Hops : 17,870 17,790 Ginger Root (HI) : 80 110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ 1997 revised. Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1996-97 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per Hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1996 : 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2.07 2.17 2,253,780 2,556,140 Barley : 3.15 3.14 8,616,460 8,153,300 All Wheat : 2.44 2.67 62,191,130 68,761,480 Winter : 2.50 3.03 40,198,930 51,236,220 Durum : 2.20 1.87 3,159,450 2,345,790 Other Spring : 2.36 2.01 18,832,750 15,179,470 Rye : 1.63 1.64 229,020 226,380 Potatoes : Winter 2/ : 25.29 22.74 148,460 141,700 Spring : 27.92 27.99 1,016,820 975,130 Summer : 29.23 29.33 884,820 783,400 Fall : 40.77 20,567,510 Total 2/ : 39.19 22,617,610 Hops : 1.90 1.88 34,010 33,490 Ginger Root (HI) : 53.25 49.91 4,260 5,490 Peaches : 939,070 1,199,250 Pears : 744,570 925,100 Sweet Cherries : 139,980 173,500 Tart Cherries : 122,610 109,860 Apricots : 72,390 119,750 Olives (CA) : 150,590 86,180 Dried Prunes (CA) : 199,580 195,040 Prunes and Plums : (Excl CA) : 18,140 25,760 Almonds (CA) : 231,330 308,440 Walnuts : 188,690 208,650 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2/ 1996 revised. Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :-------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------ Bushels ------ --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL : 280 260 82.0 95.0 95.0 22,960 24,700 AZ 1/ : 40 45 175.0 175.0 175.0 7,000 7,875 AR 1/ : 230 170 125.0 110.0 110.0 28,750 18,700 CA : 220 260 160.0 165.0 180.0 35,200 46,800 CO : 940 1,030 142.0 148.0 148.0 133,480 152,440 CT 2/ : DE : 150 146 143.0 100.0 110.0 21,450 16,060 FL 1/ : 112 80 88.0 100.0 100.0 9,856 8,000 GA : 525 500 95.0 110.0 110.0 49,875 55,000 ID 1/ : 40 40 135.0 145.0 145.0 5,400 5,800 IL : 10,800 11,000 136.0 127.0 129.0 1,468,800 1,419,000 IN : 5,450 5,850 123.0 122.0 120.0 670,350 702,000 IA : 12,450 11,950 138.0 140.0 140.0 1,718,100 1,673,000 KS : 2,350 2,700 152.0 130.0 135.0 357,200 364,500 KY : 1,200 1,220 124.0 108.0 110.0 148,800 134,200 LA 1/ : 523 490 125.0 115.0 115.0 65,375 56,350 ME 2/ : MD : 465 450 139.0 80.0 75.0 64,635 33,750 MA 2/ : MI : 2,300 2,300 94.0 110.0 113.0 216,200 259,900 MN : 6,950 6,450 125.0 130.0 130.0 868,750 838,500 MS 1/ : 605 470 102.0 105.0 105.0 61,710 49,350 MO : 2,650 2,850 134.0 112.0 120.0 355,100 342,000 MT 1/ : 15 15 137.0 130.0 130.0 2,055 1,950 NE : 8,300 8,800 143.0 133.0 132.0 1,186,900 1,161,600 NH 2/ : NJ 1/ : 94 102 126.0 95.0 95.0 11,844 9,690 NM 1/ : 84 85 175.0 170.0 170.0 14,700 14,450 NY : 630 660 107.0 116.0 116.0 67,410 76,560 NC : 900 900 95.0 85.0 85.0 85,500 76,500 ND : 720 650 91.0 95.0 95.0 65,520 61,750 OH : 2,750 3,450 111.0 130.0 130.0 305,250 448,500 OK 1/ : 170 180 145.0 150.0 150.0 24,650 27,000 OR 1/ : 33 20 165.0 185.0 185.0 5,445 3,700 PA : 1,070 1,120 119.0 85.0 85.0 127,330 95,200 RI 2/ : SC : 380 335 79.0 100.0 100.0 30,020 33,500 SD : 3,700 3,350 100.0 100.0 100.0 370,000 335,000 TN : 680 650 116.0 105.0 105.0 78,880 68,250 TX : 1,800 1,800 112.0 135.0 135.0 201,600 243,000 UT 1/ : 21 21 130.0 125.0 125.0 2,730 2,625 VT 2/ : VA : 310 340 126.0 83.0 83.0 39,060 28,220 WA 1/ : 120 110 185.0 190.0 190.0 22,200 20,900 WV 1/ : 40 45 105.0 95.0 95.0 4,200 4,275 WI : 3,000 3,100 111.0 126.0 124.0 333,000 384,400 WY 1/ : 50 55 123.0 122.0 122.0 6,150 6,710 : US : 73,147 74,049 127.1 125.2 125.8 9,293,435 9,311,705 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2/ Not estimated. Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :-------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- ------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL 1/ : 10 9 55.0 60.0 60.0 550 540 AR : 220 150 74.0 70.0 72.0 16,280 10,800 CO : 260 160 51.0 40.0 40.0 13,260 6,400 GA 1/ : 40 40 41.0 46.0 46.0 1,640 1,840 IL : 220 150 84.0 82.0 82.0 18,480 12,300 KS : 4,600 3,550 77.0 75.0 77.0 354,200 273,350 KY 1/ : 23 13 92.0 75.0 75.0 2,116 975 LA : 153 107 76.0 72.0 75.0 11,628 8,025 MS : 72 33 70.0 65.0 65.0 5,040 2,145 MO : 580 430 91.0 85.0 89.0 52,780 38,270 NE : 1,030 800 95.0 90.0 83.0 97,850 66,400 NM : 225 230 33.0 45.0 50.0 7,425 11,500 NC 1/ : 10 11 57.0 49.0 49.0 570 539 OK : 490 490 59.0 57.0 57.0 28,910 27,930 SC 1/ : 5 4 50.0 50.0 50.0 250 200 SD : 145 170 55.0 58.0 58.0 7,975 9,860 TN 1/ : 18 15 90.0 85.0 85.0 1,620 1,275 TX : 3,800 3,150 48.0 59.0 61.0 182,400 192,150 : US : 11,901 9,512 67.5 68.7 69.9 802,974 664,499 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Rice: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :-------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- ------- Pounds ------- --- 1,000 Cwt --- : AR : 1,170 1,337 6,150 5,850 5,600 71,945 74,872 CA : 500 513 7,490 8,200 8,500 37,459 43,605 LA : 533 565 4,870 4,650 4,650 25,977 26,273 MS : 208 268 6,000 5,600 5,500 12,480 14,740 MO 1/ : 90 95 5,550 5,400 5,400 4,995 5,130 TX : 298 259 6,200 5,700 5,700 18,465 14,763 : US : 2,799 3,037 6,121 5,975 5,907 171,321 179,383 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Rice: Production by Class, United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Long Grain : Medium Grain : Short Grain : All ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cwt : 1995 : 121,730 51,241 900 173,871 1996 : 113,462 56,790 1,069 171,321 1997 1/ : 125,421 52,423 1,539 179,383 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Indicated October 1, 1997, rice class estimates are based on a five-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data become available through the growing season. Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :-------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL : 315 380 34.0 29.0 26.0 10,710 9,880 AR : 3,500 3,550 32.0 32.0 32.0 112,000 113,600 DE : 217 221 35.0 26.0 28.0 7,595 6,188 FL 1/ : 33 38 32.0 30.0 30.0 1,056 1,140 GA : 390 420 26.0 25.0 20.0 10,140 8,400 IL : 9,850 9,950 40.5 43.0 43.0 398,925 427,850 IN : 5,360 5,350 38.0 42.0 42.0 203,680 224,700 IA : 9,450 10,400 44.0 49.0 48.0 415,800 499,200 KS : 2,000 2,300 37.0 35.0 35.0 74,000 80,500 KY : 1,180 1,280 38.0 36.0 38.0 44,840 48,640 LA : 1,080 1,350 33.0 29.0 30.0 35,640 40,500 MD : 480 530 37.0 25.0 25.0 17,760 13,250 MI : 1,640 1,890 28.5 40.0 39.0 46,740 73,710 MN : 5,900 6,700 38.0 41.0 40.0 224,200 268,000 MS : 1,750 2,050 31.0 28.0 29.0 54,250 59,450 MO : 4,050 4,850 37.0 37.0 37.0 149,850 179,450 NE : 3,010 3,450 45.0 42.0 41.0 135,450 141,450 NJ 1/ : 119 132 37.0 30.0 30.0 4,403 3,960 NC : 1,200 1,330 29.0 26.0 25.0 34,800 33,250 ND : 845 1,290 29.0 28.0 27.0 24,505 34,830 OH : 4,490 4,490 35.0 43.0 43.0 157,150 193,070 OK 1/ : 285 320 26.0 26.0 26.0 7,410 8,320 PA 1/ : 285 365 40.0 35.0 35.0 11,400 12,775 SC : 540 610 25.0 24.0 20.0 13,500 12,200 SD : 2,670 3,450 34.0 34.0 34.0 90,780 117,300 TN : 1,150 1,270 35.0 34.0 35.0 40,250 44,450 TX : 270 400 26.0 27.0 27.0 7,020 10,800 VA : 480 490 34.0 28.0 26.0 16,320 12,740 WI : 870 960 37.0 44.0 44.0 32,190 42,240 : US : 63,409 69,816 37.6 39.3 39.0 2,382,364 2,721,843 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Sunflowers: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by Type, State, and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Varietal: Area Harvested : Yield : Production Type & :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : Oil : CO : 44 47 1,450 50,840 63,800 KS : 230 180 1,370 208,550 315,100 MN : 97 67 1,300 372,750 126,100 NE : 22 28 1,300 39,360 28,600 ND : 890 1,110 1,500 1,512,500 1,335,000 SD : 633 730 1,520 1,134,900 962,160 TX : 8 11 900 18,000 7,200 : Oth : 31 35 1,111 61,545 34,441 Sts : : US 1/ : 1,955 2,208 1,469 3,398,445 2,872,401 : Non-oil : CO : 63 33 1,000 52,320 63,000 KS : 45 36 870 74,250 39,150 MN : 48 33 1,220 82,680 58,560 NE : 22 28 900 42,680 19,800 ND : 275 340 1,450 233,700 398,750 SD : 57 75 1,650 89,780 94,050 TX : 20 33 1,250 18,040 25,000 : Oth : 14 21 1,136 17,445 15,904 Sts : : US 1/ : 544 599 1,313 610,895 714,214 : All : CO : 107 80 1,185 1,260 103,160 126,800 100,800 KS : 275 216 1,288 1,350 282,800 354,250 291,600 MN : 145 100 1,274 1,000 455,430 184,660 100,000 NE : 44 56 1,100 1,100 82,040 48,400 61,600 ND : 1,165 1,450 1,488 1,290 1,746,200 1,733,750 1,870,500 SD : 690 805 1,531 1,500 1,224,680 1,056,210 1,207,500 TX : 28 44 1,150 1,200 36,040 32,200 52,800 : Oth : Sts : 45 56 1,119 1,080 78,990 50,345 60,480 : US 1/ : 2,499 2,807 1,435 1,334 4,009,340 3,586,615 3,745,280 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates include all States except AK and HI. Sunflowers: Area Planted, by Varietal Type, State, and United States, 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Varietal Type State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Oil : Non-Oil : All ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 45 65 110 KS : 235 50 285 MN : 100 50 150 NE : 23 24 47 ND : 900 280 1,180 SD : 640 60 700 TX : 9 22 31 : Oth Sts : 36 17 53 : US : 1,988 568 2,556 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peanuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :-------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Pounds -------- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : AL : 191.0 189.0 2,355 2,300 2,000 449,805 378,000 FL : 82.0 82.0 2,880 3,100 2,950 236,160 241,900 GA : 533.0 518.0 2,690 2,650 2,600 1,433,770 1,346,800 NM : 16.5 17.5 2,300 2,450 2,450 37,950 42,875 NC : 125.0 121.0 2,940 2,750 2,650 367,500 320,650 OK : 81.0 78.0 2,410 2,500 2,500 195,210 195,000 SC : 10.5 10.0 3,100 3,000 3,000 32,550 30,000 TX : 265.0 295.0 2,600 2,700 2,600 689,000 767,000 VA : 76.0 74.0 2,885 2,700 2,600 219,260 192,400 : US : 1,380.0 1,384.5 2,653 2,642 2,539 3,661,205 3,514,625 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts. Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1997 : : : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 :------------------: 1996 : 1997 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Pounds -------- 1,000 Bales 2/ : Upland : AL : 516.0 420.0 734 526 526 789.0 460.0 AZ : 314.0 329.0 1,189 1,138 1,138 778.0 780.0 AR : 990.0 930.0 793 748 769 1,636.0 1,490.0 CA : 995.0 875.0 1,153 1,207 1,207 2,390.0 2,200.0 FL 3/ : 98.2 100.0 637 720 720 130.4 150.0 GA : 1,336.0 1,435.0 747 736 702 2,079.0 2,100.0 KS 3/ : 4.0 13.5 492 480 480 4.1 13.5 LA : 885.0 625.0 697 637 653 1,286.0 850.0 MS : 1,100.0 960.0 819 790 820 1,876.0 1,640.0 MO : 385.0 365.0 737 671 684 591.0 520.0 NM : 55.0 66.0 733 698 698 84.0 96.0 NC : 710.0 675.0 677 590 555 1,002.0 780.0 OK : 210.0 210.0 306 503 503 134.0 220.0 SC : 282.0 285.0 774 741 691 455.0 410.0 TN : 530.0 500.0 611 566 605 675.0 630.0 TX : 4,100.0 5,300.0 509 489 489 4,345.0 5,400.0 VA 3/ : 102.0 99.0 748 601 601 159.0 124.0 : US : 12,612.2 13,187.5 701 651 650 18,413.5 17,863.5 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 41.9 20.0 852 792 840 74.4 35.0 CA : 164.0 184.0 1,098 1,148 1,148 375.0 440.0 NM : 14.0 13.0 651 665 665 19.0 18.0 TX : 36.0 32.0 801 795 795 60.1 53.0 : US : 255.9 249.0 991 1,049 1,053 528.5 546.0 : All : AL : 516.0 420.0 734 526 526 789.0 460.0 AZ : 355.9 349.0 1,150 1,118 1,121 852.4 815.0 AR : 990.0 930.0 793 748 769 1,636.0 1,490.0 CA : 1,159.0 1,059.0 1,145 1,197 1,197 2,765.0 2,640.0 FL 3/ : 98.2 100.0 637 720 720 130.4 150.0 GA : 1,336.0 1,435.0 747 736 702 2,079.0 2,100.0 KS 3/ : 4.0 13.5 492 480 480 4.1 13.5 LA : 885.0 625.0 697 637 653 1,286.0 850.0 MS : 1,100.0 960.0 819 790 820 1,876.0 1,640.0 MO : 385.0 365.0 737 671 684 591.0 520.0 NM : 69.0 79.0 717 693 693 103.0 114.0 NC : 710.0 675.0 677 590 555 1,002.0 780.0 OK : 210.0 210.0 306 503 503 134.0 220.0 SC : 282.0 285.0 774 741 691 455.0 410.0 TN : 530.0 500.0 611 566 605 675.0 630.0 TX : 4,136.0 5,332.0 511 491 491 4,405.1 5,453.0 VA 3/ : 102.0 99.0 748 601 601 159.0 124.0 : US : 12,868.1 13,436.5 707 658 658 18,942.0 18,409.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-lb net weight bales. 3/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. Cottonseed: Production, United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Tons : US : 6,848.7 7,143.5 7,058.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. All Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AL : 730 750 2.40 2.40 1,512 1,752 1,800 AZ : 179 215 7.53 7.44 1,392 1,347 1,599 AR : 1,150 1,175 2.01 2.21 2,011 2,310 2,593 CA : 1,450 1,490 5.52 5.80 8,341 8,008 8,641 CO : 1,440 1,480 2.82 3.00 3,978 4,054 4,446 CT : 80 65 2.03 1.65 142 162 107 DE : 15 15 4.27 3.27 31 64 49 FL : 240 230 2.60 3.10 575 624 713 GA : 600 600 2.80 2.80 1,500 1,680 1,680 ID : 1,280 1,320 3.72 3.90 5,080 4,760 5,148 IL : 1,000 1,020 3.04 3.11 3,598 3,040 3,168 IN : 725 750 2.79 3.24 2,400 2,020 2,428 IA : 1,700 1,700 3.13 2.89 5,665 5,320 4,910 KS : 2,500 2,600 2.80 2.62 6,555 7,010 6,805 KY : 2,400 2,400 2.38 2.20 5,790 5,700 5,280 LA : 310 330 2.70 2.70 744 837 891 ME : 185 158 1.82 1.81 419 336 286 MD : 220 220 3.17 2.42 552 698 532 MA : 95 105 2.00 1.80 192 190 189 MI : 1,300 1,250 3.22 2.92 5,025 4,190 3,650 MN : 2,225 2,450 2.70 2.45 6,943 5,998 6,005 MS : 800 750 2.50 2.60 1,668 2,000 1,950 MO : 3,680 3,480 1.88 2.05 6,818 6,920 7,146 MT : 2,600 2,600 1.89 2.31 5,360 4,920 5,995 NE : 3,250 3,150 2.29 2.05 7,200 7,445 6,445 NV : 490 490 3.07 3.07 1,505 1,505 1,505 NH : 67 55 1.75 1.62 137 117 89 NJ : 120 120 2.24 2.00 285 269 240 NM : 355 375 4.44 4.61 1,515 1,577 1,730 NY : 1,510 1,500 2.30 2.16 3,448 3,468 3,244 NC : 540 530 2.12 2.22 1,286 1,145 1,178 ND : 2,900 2,400 1.66 1.31 5,095 4,825 3,140 OH : 1,200 1,250 2.83 3.13 4,035 3,400 3,915 OK : 2,690 2,620 1.88 1.91 4,174 5,045 5,011 OR : 1,070 1,080 3.03 3.45 3,300 3,244 3,723 PA : 1,880 1,950 2.44 1.72 4,409 4,585 3,355 RI : 8 9 2.63 2.00 14 21 18 SC : 280 300 2.00 2.40 720 560 720 SD : 4,300 4,100 1.91 1.92 9,050 8,200 7,860 TN : 1,790 1,690 2.13 2.13 3,920 3,811 3,605 TX : 4,350 4,810 1.80 2.46 8,136 7,815 11,830 UT : 705 700 3.57 3.84 2,644 2,516 2,685 VT : 250 235 2.03 1.65 559 507 388 VA : 1,280 1,250 2.34 1.90 2,571 2,998 2,380 WA : 800 780 3.93 4.35 3,278 3,140 3,396 WV : 570 570 1.87 1.85 1,056 1,066 1,057 WI : 2,500 2,400 2.42 2.55 6,820 6,050 6,120 WY : 1,220 1,290 1.81 1.93 2,718 2,208 2,496 : US : 61,029 60,807 2.45 2.50 154,166 149,457 152,141 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AZ : 160 180 8.00 8.20 1,287 1,280 1,476 AR 1/ : 25 25 2.40 2.50 63 60 63 CA : 940 970 7.00 7.30 6,486 6,580 7,081 CO : 860 860 3.50 3.80 3,060 3,010 3,268 CT 1/ : 15 15 2.50 1.80 32 38 27 DE 1/ : 7 7 4.60 3.80 15 32 27 ID : 1,000 1,020 4.20 4.40 4,510 4,200 4,488 IL : 600 600 3.60 3.60 2,480 2,160 2,160 IN : 425 425 3.20 3.80 1,280 1,360 1,615 IA : 1,200 1,250 3.60 3.10 4,860 4,320 3,875 KS : 800 850 4.30 4.30 3,230 3,440 3,655 KY : 300 300 3.60 2.90 1,170 1,080 870 ME 1/ : 10 8 3.00 2.00 30 30 16 MD 1/ : 60 60 4.70 3.00 237 282 180 MA 1/ : 15 20 2.00 1.80 48 30 36 MI : 950 900 3.60 3.20 4,305 3,420 2,880 MN : 1,475 1,450 3.10 2.90 4,988 4,573 4,205 MO : 480 480 2.75 2.70 1,260 1,320 1,296 MT : 1,700 1,750 2.10 2.60 4,000 3,570 4,550 NE : 1,400 1,300 3.60 3.25 4,860 5,040 4,225 NV : 240 240 4.50 4.50 1,080 1,080 1,080 NH 1/ : 12 10 1.95 1.70 27 23 17 NJ 1/ : 25 20 3.50 3.00 105 88 60 NM : 255 275 5.40 5.60 1,325 1,377 1,540 NY : 640 610 2.70 2.40 1,690 1,728 1,464 NC 1/ : 15 15 2.80 3.00 62 42 45 ND : 1,700 1,300 1.85 1.40 3,080 3,145 1,820 OH : 700 600 3.00 3.60 2,660 2,100 2,160 OK : 390 390 3.50 3.70 1,444 1,365 1,443 OR : 460 465 4.40 4.70 1,935 2,024 2,186 PA : 750 820 3.10 2.30 2,262 2,325 1,886 RI 1/ : 2 1 2.90 2.00 4 6 2 SD : 2,500 2,300 2.20 2.40 6,500 5,500 5,520 TN 1/ : 40 40 3.40 3.50 180 136 140 TX : 150 110 4.50 5.00 576 675 550 UT : 545 545 4.00 4.30 2,344 2,180 2,344 VT 1/ : 65 60 2.10 1.80 200 137 108 VA 1/ : 130 130 3.60 2.80 462 468 364 WA : 490 480 4.70 5.20 2,550 2,303 2,496 WV 1/ : 40 45 2.80 2.50 120 112 112 WI : 2,100 2,000 2.50 2.60 5,980 5,250 5,200 WY : 620 630 2.40 2.60 1,728 1,488 1,638 : US : 24,291 23,556 3.27 3.32 84,515 79,377 78,168 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. All Other Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AL 1/ : 730 750 2.40 2.40 1,512 1,752 1,800 AZ 2/ : 19 35 3.50 3.50 105 67 123 AR : 1,125 1,150 2.00 2.20 1,948 2,250 2,530 CA : 510 520 2.80 3.00 1,855 1,428 1,560 CO : 580 620 1.80 1.90 918 1,044 1,178 CT 2/ : 65 50 1.90 1.60 110 124 80 DE 2/ : 8 8 4.00 2.70 16 32 22 FL 1/ : 240 230 2.60 3.10 575 624 713 GA 1/ : 600 600 2.80 2.80 1,500 1,680 1,680 ID : 280 300 2.00 2.20 570 560 660 IL : 400 420 2.20 2.40 1,118 880 1,008 IN : 300 325 2.20 2.50 1,120 660 813 IA : 500 450 2.00 2.30 805 1,000 1,035 KS : 1,700 1,750 2.10 1.80 3,325 3,570 3,150 KY : 2,100 2,100 2.20 2.10 4,620 4,620 4,410 LA 1/ : 310 330 2.70 2.70 744 837 891 ME 2/ : 175 150 1.75 1.80 389 306 270 MD 2/ : 160 160 2.60 2.20 315 416 352 MA 2/ : 80 85 2.00 1.80 144 160 153 MI : 350 350 2.20 2.20 720 770 770 MN : 750 1,000 1.90 1.80 1,955 1,425 1,800 MS 1/ : 800 750 2.50 2.60 1,668 2,000 1,950 MO : 3,200 3,000 1.75 1.95 5,558 5,600 5,850 MT : 900 850 1.50 1.70 1,360 1,350 1,445 NE : 1,850 1,850 1.30 1.20 2,340 2,405 2,220 NV 2/ : 250 250 1.70 1.70 425 425 425 NH 2/ : 55 45 1.70 1.60 110 94 72 NJ 2/ : 95 100 1.90 1.80 180 181 180 NM 2/ : 100 100 2.00 1.90 190 200 190 NY : 870 890 2.00 2.00 1,758 1,740 1,780 NC : 525 515 2.10 2.20 1,224 1,103 1,133 ND : 1,200 1,100 1.40 1.20 2,015 1,680 1,320 OH : 500 650 2.60 2.70 1,375 1,300 1,755 OK : 2,300 2,230 1.60 1.60 2,730 3,680 3,568 OR : 610 615 2.00 2.50 1,365 1,220 1,537 PA : 1,130 1,130 2.00 1.30 2,147 2,260 1,469 RI 2/ : 6 8 2.50 2.00 10 15 16 SC 1/ : 280 300 2.00 2.40 720 560 720 SD : 1,800 1,800 1.50 1.30 2,550 2,700 2,340 TN : 1,750 1,650 2.10 2.10 3,740 3,675 3,465 TX : 4,200 4,700 1.70 2.40 7,560 7,140 11,280 UT 2/ : 160 155 2.10 2.20 300 336 341 VT 2/ : 185 175 2.00 1.60 359 370 280 VA : 1,150 1,120 2.20 1.80 2,109 2,530 2,016 WA : 310 300 2.70 3.00 728 837 900 WV : 530 525 1.80 1.80 936 954 945 WI : 400 400 2.00 2.30 840 800 920 WY : 600 660 1.20 1.30 990 720 858 : US : 36,738 37,251 1.91 1.99 69,651 70,080 73,973 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes alfalfa hay. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Dry Edible Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Pounds --- --------- 1,000 Cwt -------- : CA : 123.0 125.0 1,900 2,000 2,740 2,337 2,500 CO : 125.0 125.0 1,800 2,000 2,558 2,250 2,500 ID : 93.0 112.0 2,050 2,150 2,160 1,907 2,408 KS : 24.0 20.0 1,850 1,800 481 444 360 MI : 320.0 310.0 1,450 1,650 6,930 4,640 5,115 MN : 120.0 165.0 1,500 1,500 2,055 1,800 2,475 MT 2/ : 10.3 11.7 2,280 2,200 205 235 257 NE : 195.0 180.0 1,900 2,050 3,588 3,705 3,690 NM 2/ : 12.0 12.0 2,200 2,200 251 264 264 NY : 29.0 39.5 1,300 1,700 538 377 672 ND : 570.0 530.0 1,320 1,300 7,182 7,524 6,890 OR 2/ : 8.8 10.9 1,800 1,900 208 158 207 TX : 10.0 14.0 840 1,200 225 84 168 UT 2/ : .6 5.6 1,600 500 32 10 28 WA : 35.0 38.0 2,030 2,050 902 710 779 WI 2/ : 8.0 8.4 1,800 2,000 117 144 168 WY : 34.0 36.0 2,250 2,150 640 765 774 : US : 1,717.7 1,743.1 1,592 1,678 30,812 27,354 29,255 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes beans grown for garden seed. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Lentils: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 56.0 60.0 55.0 59.0 WA : 63.0 71.0 62.0 70.0 : Oth Sts 2/ : 28.2 43.0 23.0 35.0 : US : 147.2 174.0 140.0 164.0 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ----------- 1,000 Cwt ----------- : ID : 800 1,500 1,015 440 885 WA : 1,100 1,460 1,050 682 1,022 : Oth Sts 2/ : 920 1,050 159 211 367 : US : 952 1,387 2,224 1,333 2,274 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1995 and 1996 revised. 2/ MT and ND. Dry Edible Peas: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 61.0 75.0 59.0 74.0 WA : 109.0 115.0 108.0 114.0 : Oth Sts 3/ : 45.9 102.6 37.9 86.6 : US : 215.9 292.6 204.9 274.6 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ----------- 1,000 Cwt ----------- : ID : 1,000 2,100 1,564 590 1,554 WA : 1,300 2,220 2,775 1,404 2,531 : Oth Sts 3/ : 1,790 1,930 426 677 1,675 : US : 1,304 2,098 4,765 2,671 5,760 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes both wrinkled seed peas and Austrian winter peas. 2/ 1995 and 1996 revised. 3/ MT, NV, ND, and OR. Austrian Winter Peas: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 8.0 5.5 7.0 5.0 OR : .6 .6 .3 .4 : US : 8.6 6.1 7.3 5.4 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ---------- 1,000 Cwt --------- : ID : 1,400 1,500 105 98 75 OR : 1,670 1,750 14 5 7 : US : 1,411 1,519 119 103 82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, Production, by State and United States, 1996-97 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Acres : CA : 5.7 6.6 5.7 6.6 FL : 8.8 9.0 8.8 8.8 : US : 14.5 15.6 14.5 15.4 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Cwt ---------- -------- 1,000 Cwt ------- : CA : 250 240 1,425 1,584 FL : 210 175 1,848 1,540 : US : 226 203 3,273 3,124 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ 1997 revised. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ----- ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : CT : 2,260 2,250 1,679 1,606 3,524 3,795 3,613 FL : 7,500 7,700 2,680 2,450 17,676 20,100 18,865 GA : 46,000 44,000 2,470 2,000 84,000 113,620 88,000 IN : 7,600 8,900 1,970 2,150 13,601 14,972 19,135 KY : 195,700 221,100 2,021 1,982 328,581 395,542 438,260 MD : 8,000 8,000 1,250 1,500 11,475 10,000 12,000 MA : 800 1,110 1,515 1,659 918 1,212 1,842 MO 1/ : 2,700 3,100 2,230 2,050 5,468 6,021 6,355 NC : 287,800 314,000 2,035 2,178 484,599 585,542 683,900 OH : 8,000 9,500 1,580 2,000 15,015 12,640 19,000 PA : 7,800 7,600 1,983 2,021 15,685 15,464 15,360 SC : 51,000 54,000 2,310 2,250 105,000 117,810 121,500 TN : 54,560 57,670 2,014 1,803 92,907 109,888 103,970 VA : 48,370 51,270 2,141 2,065 81,269 103,543 105,898 WV 1/ : 1,700 1,800 1,200 1,800 2,600 2,040 3,240 WI : 2,900 2,750 1,774 2,130 6,220 5,145 5,858 : US : 732,690 794,750 2,071 2,072 1,268,538 1,517,334 1,646,796 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 76,000 86,000 2,120 2,050 161,120 176,300 VA : 37,700 40,000 2,235 2,150 84,260 86,000 US : 113,700 126,000 2,158 2,082 245,380 262,300 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 167,000 181,000 2,025 2,250 338,175 407,250 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 37,000 38,000 1,980 2,250 73,260 85,500 SC : 51,000 54,000 2,310 2,250 117,810 121,500 US : 88,000 92,000 2,171 2,250 191,070 207,000 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 7,500 7,700 2,680 2,450 20,100 18,865 GA : 46,000 44,000 2,470 2,000 113,620 88,000 US : 53,500 51,700 2,499 2,067 133,720 106,865 Total 11-14 : 422,200 450,700 2,151 2,182 908,345 983,415 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,100 1,200 1,580 1,500 1,738 1,800 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 3,800 3,900 2,720 2,500 10,336 9,750 TN : 7,500 7,600 2,550 2,400 19,125 18,240 US : 11,300 11,500 2,607 2,434 29,461 27,990 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,600 3,800 3,160 2,900 11,376 11,020 TN : 580 580 2,850 2,500 1,653 1,450 US : 4,180 4,380 3,117 2,847 13,029 12,470 Total 21-23 : 16,580 17,080 2,668 2,474 44,228 42,260 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 7,600 8,900 1,970 2,150 14,972 19,135 KY : 185,000 210,000 1,980 1,950 366,300 409,500 MO 1/ : 2,700 3,100 2,230 2,050 6,021 6,355 NC : 7,800 9,000 1,665 1,650 12,987 14,850 OH : 8,000 9,500 1,580 2,000 12,640 19,000 TN : 46,000 49,000 1,915 1,700 88,090 83,300 VA : 9,500 10,000 1,835 1,800 17,433 18,000 WV 1/ : 1,700 1,800 1,200 1,800 2,040 3,240 US : 268,300 301,300 1,940 1,903 520,483 573,380 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 8,000 8,000 1,250 1,500 10,000 12,000 PA : 3,200 3,000 1,900 1,900 6,080 5,700 US : 11,200 11,000 1,436 1,609 16,080 17,700 Total 31-32 : 279,500 312,300 1,920 1,893 536,563 591,080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1996 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,100 2,200 2,340 2,350 4,914 5,170 TN : 480 490 2,125 2,000 1,020 980 US : 2,580 2,690 2,300 2,286 5,934 6,150 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,200 1,200 2,180 2,350 2,616 2,820 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 70 70 1,600 1,400 112 98 Total 35-37 : 3,850 3,960 2,250 2,290 8,662 9,068 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 4,600 4,600 2,040 2,100 9,384 9,660 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 1,220 1,250 1,840 1,690 2,245 2,113 MA : 410 670 1,600 1,830 656 1,226 US : 1,630 1,920 1,780 1,739 2,901 3,339 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 1,900 1,900 1,900 2,300 3,610 4,370 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 1,000 850 1,535 1,750 1,535 1,488 Total 54-55 : 2,900 2,750 1,774 2,130 5,145 5,858 Total 51-55 : 4,530 4,670 1,776 1,969 8,046 9,197 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 1,040 1,000 1,490 1,500 1,550 1,500 MA : 390 440 1,425 1,400 556 616 US : 1,430 1,440 1,473 1,469 2,106 2,116 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 10,560 10,710 1,850 1,958 19,536 20,973 : All Tobacco : 732,690 794,750 2,071 2,072 1,517,334 1,646,796 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- --- Tons --- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : CA : 82.0 102.0 29.5 30.0 3,192 2,419 3,060 CO : 51.1 67.0 20.2 21.4 715 1,032 1,434 ID : 184.0 196.0 24.8 25.2 4,728 4,563 4,939 MI : 130.0 160.0 15.1 19.0 2,970 1,963 3,040 MN : 438.0 445.0 18.2 17.8 7,434 7,971 7,921 MT : 57.5 58.5 22.6 22.4 1,193 1,300 1,310 NE : 51.2 59.7 17.8 19.5 1,186 913 1,164 NM : .9 1.6 29.8 23.5 27 38 ND : 225.3 230.0 18.7 17.5 3,929 4,213 4,025 OH : 4.6 .9 18.8 18.9 230 86 17 OR : 16.3 17.1 25.5 25.5 404 416 436 TX : 12.6 16.0 19.2 21.5 351 242 344 WA : 13.0 18.2 35.5 36.2 461 659 WY : 56.8 61.0 18.9 20.5 1,249 1,074 1,251 : Oth : Sts 2/ : 484 : US : 1,323.3 1,433.0 20.2 20.7 28,065 26,680 29,638 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. 2/ Includes NM and WA prior to 1996. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : FL : 438.0 438.0 33.1 34.0 15,122 14,498 14,892 HI : 46.0 35.0 79.1 82.0 4,070 3,639 2,870 LA : 370.0 410.0 27.9 27.0 10,240 10,323 11,070 TX : 34.9 31.5 28.7 27.4 1,364 1,002 863 : US : 888.9 914.5 33.1 32.5 30,796 29,462 29,695 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net tons. Grapes: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Grapes (Table Type) 1/ : CA : 707,000 592,000 700,000 Grapes (Wine Type) 1/ : CA : 2,275,000 2,225,000 2,700,000 Grapes (Raisin Type) 1/ 2/ : CA : 2,252,000 2,186,000 2,600,000 All Grapes : AZ 1/ : 26,000 25,000 23,000 AR 1/ : 8,000 9,000 8,000 CA 1/ : 5,234,000 5,003,000 6,000,000 GA 1/ : 3,200 3,500 4,000 MI : 70,000 65,000 65,000 MO 1/ : 2,300 2,000 2,000 NY : 165,000 189,000 155,000 NC 1/ : 1,300 1,200 1,000 OH 1/ : 9,200 8,000 8,900 OR 1/ : 14,000 15,000 18,000 PA : 63,000 83,000 65,000 SC 1/ : 300 500 450 WA : 326,000 144,000 309,000 : US : 5,922,300 5,548,200 6,659,350 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ Fresh basis. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1995-96, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1995-96 : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1995-96 : 1996-97 : 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ : 700 400 450 27 15 17 CA 4/ : 38,000 40,000 44,000 1,426 1,500 1,650 FL : 121,200 134,200 146,000 5,454 6,039 6,570 TX : 830 1,300 1,400 35 55 60 US : 160,730 175,900 191,850 6,942 7,609 8,297 Valencia : AZ : 950 600 550 36 23 21 CA : 20,000 28,000 30,000 750 1,050 1,125 FL : 82,100 92,000 108,000 3,695 4,140 4,860 TX : 110 120 150 4 5 6 US : 103,160 120,720 138,700 4,485 5,218 6,012 All : AZ : 1,650 1,000 1,000 63 38 38 CA : 58,000 68,000 74,000 2,176 2,550 2,775 FL : 203,300 226,200 254,000 9,149 10,179 11,430 TX : 940 1,420 1,550 39 60 66 US : 263,890 296,620 330,550 11,427 12,827 14,309 Temples : FL : 2,150 2,400 2,300 97 108 104 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL 5/ : 23,200 23,500 23,000 986 999 978 Colored Seedless : FL 5/ : 28,100 31,400 30,500 1,194 1,334 1,296 Other : FL : 1,050 900 500 45 38 21 All : AZ : 1,200 900 800 40 30 27 CA : 8,100 8,200 9,000 271 275 302 FL 5/ : 52,350 55,800 54,000 2,225 2,371 2,295 TX : 4,550 5,300 5,000 182 212 200 US : 66,200 70,200 68,800 2,718 2,888 2,824 Tangerines : AZ : 1,000 550 500 38 21 19 CA : 2,600 2,600 2,400 98 98 90 FL : 4,500 6,300 5,500 213 299 261 US : 8,100 9,450 8,400 349 418 370 Lemons : AZ : 5,100 2,600 2,600 194 99 99 CA : 21,000 20,000 22,000 798 760 836 US : 26,100 22,600 24,600 992 859 935 Tangelos : FL : 2,450 3,950 3,300 110 178 149 K-Early Citrus : FL : 160 150 130 7 7 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Citrus Fruit Footnotes 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with year the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76, tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ Excludes economic abandonment in 1995-96 of 3,000,000 boxes of Colored Seedless; in 1996-97 of 3,000,000 boxes of White Seedless and 3,000,000 boxes of Colored Seedless. Apples, Commercial: Total Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AZ 2/ : 11.0 100.0 45.0 AR 2/ : 10.0 7.0 10.0 CA 2/ : 850.0 900.0 900.0 CO 2/ : 55.0 35.0 50.0 CT 2/ : 20.5 20.0 20.0 DE 3/ : 15.0 15.0 GA 2/ : 30.0 22.0 26.0 ID 2/ : 80.0 180.0 130.0 IL 2/ : 80.0 53.0 89.0 IN 2/ : 75.0 48.0 56.0 IA 2/ : 10.0 9.5 11.9 KS 2/ : 6.5 2.0 7.0 KY 2/ : 17.0 15.0 12.0 ME 2/ : 65.0 67.0 64.0 MD 2/ : 35.0 29.0 26.0 MA 2/ : 65.0 58.0 58.0 MI : 1,220.0 725.0 1,000.0 MN 2/ : 22.0 21.0 22.0 MO 2/ : 38.0 32.0 43.0 NH 2/ : 44.0 38.0 41.0 NJ 2/ : 75.0 60.0 65.0 NM 3/ : 3.0 5.0 NY : 1,110.0 1,030.0 1,120.0 NC : 270.0 200.0 160.0 OH 2/ : 120.0 90.0 75.0 OR 2/ : 140.0 139.0 155.0 PA : 500.0 391.0 475.0 RI 2/ : 4.5 6.0 6.0 SC 2/ : 60.0 35.0 55.0 TN 2/ : 16.0 11.0 11.0 UT 2/ : 20.0 48.0 33.0 VT 2/ : 45.0 37.5 35.0 VA : 400.0 275.0 250.0 WA : 4,850.0 5,500.0 5,200.0 WV : 165.0 105.0 110.0 WI 2/ : 57.5 46.0 63.0 : US : 10,585.0 10,355.0 10,423.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 3/ Forecast discontinued. Pecans: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds Improved Varieties 1/ : AL : 7,000 9,000 4,000 AZ 2/ : 17,000 17,000 AR 3/ : 900 800 1,600 CA 3/ : 2,900 1,300 2,800 FL 3/ : 600 500 700 GA : 62,000 86,000 78,000 LA : 2,000 2,000 2,000 MS 3/ : 1,200 1,300 2,600 NM : 45,000 22,000 40,000 NC 3/ : 1,800 425 550 OK : 2,500 500 3,000 SC 3/ : 2,400 1,800 2,000 TX : 47,000 30,000 50,000 US : 175,300 172,625 204,250 Native & Seedling : AL : 3,000 5,000 4,000 AR 3/ : 700 400 800 FL 3/ : 500 1,400 1,600 GA : 13,000 14,000 12,000 KS 3/ : 500 200 3,500 LA : 11,000 14,000 11,000 MS 3/ : 1,000 1,300 1,400 NC 3/ : 1,500 375 450 OK : 16,500 1,500 15,000 SC 3/ : 1,100 700 1,000 TX : 28,000 10,000 20,000 US : 76,800 48,875 70,750 All Pecans : AL : 10,000 14,000 8,000 AZ 2/ : 17,000 17,000 AR 3/ : 1,600 1,200 2,400 CA 3/ : 2,900 1,300 2,800 FL 3/ : 1,100 1,900 2,300 GA : 75,000 100,000 90,000 KS 3/ : 500 200 3,500 LA : 13,000 16,000 13,000 MS 3/ : 2,200 2,600 4,000 NM : 45,000 22,000 40,000 NC 3/ : 3,300 800 1,000 OK : 19,000 2,000 18,000 SC 3/ : 3,500 2,500 3,000 TX : 75,000 40,000 70,000 : Oth Sts 4/ : 15,900 : US : 268,000 221,500 275,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Budded, grafted, or topworked varieties. 2/ Estimates published separately beginning in 1996. 3/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 4/ AZ, MO, and TN in 1995. No breakdown between varieties available. Forecasts discontinued in 1996 for MO and TN. Hazelnuts: Utilized Production by State and United States, 1995-96 and Forecasted October 1, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons (In-shell Basis) : OR : 38,800 18,400 39,800 WA 1/ : 200 100 200 : US : 39,000 18,500 40,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 1996-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 : 1997 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Aug : 3,555 5,350 1,670 2,335 2,990 2,715 Sep : 3,585 3,070 1,630 1,955 3,005 2,685 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn: Ears per Acre The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting corn objective yield surveys in 7 States during 1997. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual counts from this survey and are not official estimates of the Agricultural Statistics Board, but are intended to show trends in corn production practices. Corn for Grain: Number of Ears per Acre Selected States, 1993-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : and : 1993 : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 Month : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of Ears : IL Oct : 22,600 22,650 22,900 23,700 23,500 Nov : 22,600 22,600 22,850 23,600 : IN Oct : 22,400 22,150 23,000 22,750 22,150 Nov : 22,200 22,150 22,950 22,700 : IA Oct : 22,700 24,050 24,050 24,350 24,600 Nov : 22,500 24,000 24,000 24,250 : MN Oct : 23,700 26,950 25,750 26,400 26,150 Nov : 24,900 26,950 25,700 26,450 : NE Oct : 21,300 21,200 21,800 22,600 21,900 Nov : 21,100 21,300 21,700 22,550 : OH Oct : 21,700 22,400 22,650 22,300 22,500 Nov : 21,700 22,500 22,500 22,000 : WI Oct : 22,600 24,600 23,600 24,250 24,350 Nov : 23,100 24,650 23,250 24,650 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on ear counts in plots selected for objective yield samples. Crop Moisture Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season. Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations. Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index. Drought Severity Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evaportranspiration. Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in aquifers, reservoirs, and streams. Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this is indicated by the crop moisture index). September Weather Summary: Major crop areas of the Midwest escaped the month without a significant freeze, although frost dotted the northwestern Corn Belt on September 21. Three days later, frost was scattered across areas from Lower Michigan into the Northeast. Warm, drier-than-normal weather in the western Corn Belt promoted crop development, but cool conditions in the eastern Corn Belt hindered crop progress. Meanwhile, the Southeast received significant relief from a 2-month dry spell during a late-month storm, but dryness persisted in many areas from Texas to the Delta. The same storm produced excessive rainfall in west-central Peninsular Florida, but began to dent moisture deficits that had been accumulating in coastal Texas since June. The tropical Atlantic remained uncharacteristically quiet during September. Hurricane Erika, whose fury remained mostly at sea, was the only named storm during the month. The last time only one tropical-storm strength system formed in September was 1946, and the previous occurrence of only one formation in August-September was in 1929. In contrast, the Southwest endured a tropical-storm strike (Nora on September 25) for only the fourth time on record. Farther north, the autumn rainy season began quickly across the Pacific Northwest. Meanwhile, the central Plains received beneficial moisture for winter wheat establishment, even though monthly temperatures averaged 1 to 3 degrees F above normal. Dry weather prevailed on the northern Plains, however, where monthly departures ranged from +2 to +6 degrees F. Temperatures averaged as much as 3 degrees F below normal in the eastern Great Lakes States. In California, Eureka opened the month in the midst of a record-setting 14-day string (August 21 to September 3) of 70-degree maxima, fueled by unusually high sea-surface temperatures. Except for a few days, warm weather also prevailed throughout the Western and Central States. Late in the month, temperatures in the San Francisco Bay region soared to the highest levels of the year to date at locations such as Santa Rosa (98 degrees F on September 24) and downtown San Francisco(97 degrees F on September 23). In Arizona, Tucson's average temperature of 84.2 degrees F was 3.8 degrees above normal and their third- highest September value on record. On September 9, Austin, TX recorded 100 degrees F, their first triple-digit heat of the year. Midland, TX noted 101 degrees F on September 17. A day later in Kansas, Wichita's high of 100 degrees F represented their first triple-digit heat since July 1 and second such day of the year. Several long-term climate anomalies persisted in September. In Florida, Miami Beach received record rainfall (58.16 inches) during the first 9 months of the year. Nearby Miami received 12.44 inches (259% of normal) during September. Farther west, several locations in Oregon posted record water-year (October 1 - September 30) precipitation, including Astoria (101.19 inches, or 152% of normal), Eugene (79.50 inches; 161%), Salem (61.27 inches; 156%), and Portland (58.95 inches; 162%). Astoria also posted a monthly record rainfall of 7.27 inches, boosted by a September daily-record total of 2.67 inches on the 16th. In Washington, water-year totals wound up at 131% of normal at both Quillayute (137.76 inches) and the Paradise Ranger Station (150.87 inches). In Utah, water-year precipitation records were established in Kanab(28.54 inches; 215%) and Trenton (30.65 inches; 165%). Tropical Storm Nora's strike near Yuma, AZ on September 25 marked the first such occurrence since Kathleen's arrival on September 10, 1976. Kathleen, with a track similar to Nora's, produced the strongest sustained winds (57 mph in Yuma) in the United States associated with an eastern Pacific tropical system. The highest U.S. sustained winds attributed to Nora, also at Yuma, were clocked at 40 mph, with gusts to 54 mph. Damaging winds occurred as far north as the higher elevations of southern Utah. Other tropical storms to reach the Southwest were Joanne, which hit Arizona in October 1972, and an unnamed system--the only tropical storm on record to strike coastal California--in September 1939. Nora weakened quickly while traversing the lower Colorado River Basin, but produced 5.75 inches in Bagdad, AZ and 4.57 inches atop Mt. Laguna, CA. The storm also ended Los Angeles' record-setting dry spell at 219 days. A few days earlier, on September 15, remnant moisture from Hurricane Linda, formerly the strongest eastern Pacific Hurricane on record (185 mph), ended San Diego's record-tying dry spell at 164 days. In Las Vegas, NV, the combination of monsoonal moisture and Nora's rains resulted in a monthly rainfall of 2.06 inches, second only to a 3.39-inch total in September 1939. On September 26-27, rainfall locally topped 14 inches near Tampa, FL. Two-day totals reached 14.50 inches in Pinellas Park, 13.05 inches in Ruskin, and 9.74 inches in Tampa. Tampa's 24-hour total of 8.45 inches was their greatest on record for September and third highest ever. Coastal Texas also netted heavy rain, primarily from September 19-24, including 12.53 inches in Palacios and 4.43 inches in Brownsville. Significant rain also dampened the central Plains, providing moisture for newly planted winter wheat, and the Southeast, boosting topsoil moisture. Little rain reached the Delta, however, leaving New Orleans, LA with a September rainfall of 0.81 inches, their third driest on record. New Orleans' August-September total of 3.06 inches was their driest such period since 1899. In Texas, only 0.04 inches fell in Abilene. Dry spots also lingered or developed in the Middle Atlantic and Northeastern States. In Connecticut, Hartford's total of 0.98 inches was their sixth-lowest September rainfall. Richmond, VA received only 0.84 inches during the month. Another dry spot was the northern Plains, where monthly rainfall included 0.16 inches in Dickinson, ND and 0.23 inches in Great Falls, MT. From September 4-8, more than 125 daily-record lows were reported across the Midwest and Southeast, but scattered frost was confined to areas from the northern Red River Valley to Lower Michigan. The growing season ended across parts of the northern Plains on September 19-20, but only scattered frost dotted the upper Midwest on September 21. Hettinger, ND reported 21 degrees F on the 20th; Sioux City, IA notched a daily-record low of 32 degrees F a day later. On September 24, Lansing, MI recorded 32 degrees F. The chilly episodes had little impact on Corn Belt crops, which matured under generally favorable conditions. General Crop Comments: Above-normal temperatures in the central and western United States provided favorable weather for crop maturation in September. Warm, sunny weather in the western Corn Belt pushed corn and soybeans to maturity, especially later in the month. Although below-normal temperatures kept progress behind normal in the eastern Corn Belt, dry weather allowed crops to mature. Late-month frost caused little or no damage in the upper Midwest, Great Lakes, and Northeastern States. Mid-month showers in the Corn belt and late-month rains in the Southeast may have benefited late-planted soybeans. Harvest was underway later in the month, but progressed behind the normal pace. End-of-month precipitation slowed harvest in the southern Plains and Southeast. Cotton progress was ahead of normal in the western cotton-producing States, but behind normal farther east. In the Southeast, dry soils continued to stress fields until late-month storms brought relief. At the end of the month, Tropical Storm Nora caused some damage to fields in western Arizona, but overall damage was less than expected. The storm slowed defoliation activity in southern California, but harvest activities continued farther north. Hot, dry weather stressed the peanut acreage for most of September until rains at the end of the month improved soil moisture supplies. Rice harvest progressed well ahead of average in California, but behind the normal pace elsewhere. Sorghum harvest gained momentum under clear, sunny skies until late-month rains fell and slowed activity in most of the major sorghum producing States. Very warm, dry weather allowed spring small grain harvest to finish ahead of the average pace, especially in Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. Planting of the 1998 winter wheat crop started slowly, then gained momentum toward the end of the month. Early on, Washington growers were delayed by showers and a later-than-normal harvest, but seeding progressed rapidly under clear skies the second half of the month. Grasshoppers delayed planting in Montana and Nebraska as farmers took preventative measures to control the insects. Mid-month hot, dry weather in the central and southern Plains allowed farmers to make good planting progress. Late-month rainfall slowed planting in the central and southern Plains, but replenished dry soils. Corn for Grain: Acreage to be harvested for grain is forecast at 74.0 million acres, unchanged from last month, but up 1 percent from 1996. The October 1 Corn Objective Yield data indicate an ear count slightly below 1996, but above the five-year average for the seven objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin). The record level ears per acre was set in 1996. As of October 5, 82 percent of the acreage in the 17 major States was mature. This compares with 77 percent for 1996 and 79 percent for the five-year average. Fifteen percent of the corn had been harvested, compared to 14 percent last year and the five-year average of 16 percent. Corn acreage rated in the fair to good condition totaled 77 percent compared to 74 percent for a year ago. However, corn rated in excellent condition was 14 percent compared to 17 percent for last year. As of the beginning of October the majority of the Corn Belt remained frost free with the exception of parts of Michigan and Wisconsin. In Iowa, forecasted ear population is at a record high. Eight percent of the corn was harvested as of October 5, compared to 5 percent in 1996 and the average of 10 percent. Corn condition was 80 percent fair to good. Forecasted ear count in Illinois is below 1996 but above the five-year average. Thirteen percent of the corn was harvested, compared to 14 percent a year ago and the five-year average of 15 percent. The majority (82 percent) of corn was rated in fair to good condition. In Ohio, ear populations are above last year and the average. One percent of the corn was harvested, lagging behind last year's six percent and the five-year average of nine percent. Corn condition was 74 percent fair to good. Nebraska and Wisconsin ear populations are below last year but above the five-year average. Eleven percent of the corn was harvested in Nebraska, ahead of last year's six percent and the five-year average of 10 percent. In Wisconsin, four percent of the corn was harvested compared to five percent in 1996 and the average of seven percent. In Nebraska, 76 percent of the corn was rated in fair to good condition, whereas 86 percent was rated in good to excellent condition in Wisconsin. In Minnesota and Indiana, forecasted ear counts are below last year and the five-year average. In Indiana, 5 percent of the corn was harvested, compared to 8 percent in 1996 and the average of 13 percent. Six percent of the corn was harvested in Minnesota, equal to last year and the five-year average. In Indiana, 83 percent of the corn was rated in fair to good condition compared to 78 percent for Minnesota. Sorghum for Grain: Production is forecast at 664 million bushels, 2 percent higher than the September forecast, but 17 percent below the 1996 total. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from September at 9.51 million acres, down 20 percent from the previous year. The U.S. yield is forecast at 69.9 bushels per acre, up 1.2 bushels from last month and 2.4 bushels above 1996. Half of the 12 October estimating States raised yields from the month earlier. New Mexico and Missouri showed the largest increases from September, up five and four bushels per acre, respectively. Nebraska, down seven bushels, was the only State to show a decline. Mild late summer weather in most areas helped promote the growth and development of the U.S. sorghum crop. As of October 5, 78 percent of the crop was mature in the top 12 producing States, nine points ahead of normal. Harvest, however, was one point behind the five-year average at 36 percent completion. The Kansas crop continued to benefit from favorable moisture received during August. Conditions were rated at 79 percent good to excellent as of September 28, five points greater than the end of August. Twenty-three percent of the State's crop had been harvested by the first week of October, seven points ahead of normal. Harvest progress in Texas had reached 61 percent completion by October 5 and producers in the southern part of the State were reporting good to excellent yields. Crop maturity in Colorado was two to three weeks behind normal by the end of September, but growers felt the crop was beyond the point of being significantly damaged by frost. Sorghum harvest was nearing completion in Louisiana by the first week of October. Rice: Rice production is forecast at 179 million cwt, down 1 percent from September 1 but up 5 percent from 1996. If realized, this would be the fourth highest production on record. Area for harvest, estimated at 3.04 million acres, is unchanged from September 1, but 9 percent above last year. The average yield is forecast at 5,907 pounds per acre, down 68 pounds from last month and 214 pounds from a year ago. Yields decreased in Arkansas and Mississippi. High temperatures in Arkansas during the time when rice heads were developing may have attributed to the decrease in yield. California was the only State to show an increase over last month. Yields in Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas remained unchanged from September. Favorable weather in Arkansas over the past month has led to 77 percent of the crop being harvested by October 5. However, this is slightly below the average of 78 percent and behind the 85 percent of last year. Harvesting in California, Louisiana, and Mississippi is ahead of the five year average. Texas harvest lags slightly behind the average and last year. Soybeans: Soybeans intended for harvest, at 69.8 million acres, are unchanged from the September forecast. Crop maturity is well ahead of the last two years. As of October 5, the percent of soybeans dropping leaves was 86 percent, compared to 73 percent last year and a five year average of 80 percent. The percent of soybeans dropping leaves in Missouri was 29 points ahead of last year. In Illinois, the percent of soybeans dropping leaves was 22 points ahead of last year. Soybeans were rated in mostly fair to good condition as of the week ending October 5. The soybean harvest was 37 percent complete as of October 5, 22 points ahead of last year and 14 points ahead of the five year average. The harvest progressed at a rapid pace across the Corn Belt during the week of September 28-October 5 as warm dry weather provided excellent conditions for harvest. Farmers in Minnesota harvested more than half of their soybean crop during the week, while Iowa farmers harvested nearly 50 percent of their crop. In Minnesota, 69 percent of the crop was harvested as of October 5, 51 points ahead of 1996 and 49 points ahead of the 5 year average. The harvest in Iowa was 56 percent complete by October 5, compared to 19 percent last year and a five year average of 28 percent. Missouri farmers had harvested 25 percent of the crop, 15 points ahead of last year and 12 points above the 5 year average. In Nebraska, 30 percent of the harvest was completed by October 5, 12 points ahead of the previous year but 2 points behind the 5 year average. The percent of soybeans harvested in Indiana and Ohio was 27 percent and 19 percent, respectively, well ahead of last year but short of the five year average. The October Objective Yield Survey shows pods per 18 square feet in Arkansas at a record high. The October Survey pod counts are above the 1996 final pod counts in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Nebraska, and Ohio. The survey pod counts are below the 1996 final count in Minnesota and Missouri. Sunflower: The 1997 sunflower production is forecast at 3.75 billion pounds, up 4 percent from the 1996 production but 7 percent below production two years ago. Growers expect to harvest 2.81 million acres, 12 percent more than 1996. Yields are expected to average 1,334 pounds per acre, down 101 pounds from last year. In North Dakota, yield is forecasted at 1,290 pounds per acre, down 198 bushels from a year ago. Crop prospects have been damaged by midge, blackbirds, and variable weather conditions. As of October 5, 21 percent of the crop was harvested compared to 5 percent during the same period last year and a five year average of 5 percent. Bracts were 92 percent brown compared to 93 percent during the same period a year ago. The crop was rated in mostly fair to good condition. Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.51 billion pounds, down 4 percent from both the September 1 forecast and from 1996's production. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 1.38 million acres, unchanged from September 1 and 4,500 acres above last year. Yields are expected to average 2,539 pounds per harvested acre, down 103 pounds from last month and 114 pounds below 1996. Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) is expected to total 2.00 billion pounds, 5 percent below last month, and 7 percent below the 1996 crop. Yield for the 4-State area is expected to average 2,499 pounds per acre, 119 pounds below last month. Fifty-three percent of Alabama's crop was rated in very poor to poor condition in early October, as hot, dry conditions continued through September. Georgia's acreage was rated at 31 percent good to excellent and 47 percent in fair condition, as unfavorable weather continued in September. The last week of the month heavy rains occurred in Georgia, but these may not benefit the crop. The South Carolina crop is in much better condition, with about one-half of the acreage in good to excellent condition. Harvest proceeded ahead of the previous year's progress for these States, but dry, hard soils made digging difficult in this region. The first week of October, Alabama showed 74 percent of the acreage harvested, 34 points above 1996. Sixty-five of Georgia's acreage was harvested, which is 22 points more than last year and South Carolina's harvest was 45 percent complete, 4 points ahead of last year. Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 513 million pounds, down 4 percent from last month and 13 percent less than one year ago. Yield per harvested acre in the region, at 2,631 pounds, is 100 pounds below last month. Thirty-six percent of North Carolina's acreage was rated in good condition and about one-half was in fair condition. Harvest in North Carolina was 10 percent complete, 8 points behind last year's pace. Below normal temperatures and dry conditions, hampered crop maturity during the season in North Carolina. Rainfall in September caused some pods to fill. In Virginia, 39 percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition in early October, and harvest was 27 percent complete, compared to 50 percent at this same time last year. Digging was also difficult in these two States as a result of dry conditions. The peanut crop in the Southwest (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 1.00 billion pounds, down 3 percent from last month but 9 percent above 1996. Yields in the tri-state area are expected to average 2,573 pounds per acre, 76 pounds below last month but 29 pounds above last year. The condition of the Southwest crop is much better than other in regions, with Oklahoma showing 63 percent in good to excellent condition and 40 percent of Texas' crop was rated good to excellent. The Oklahoma harvest is 7 percent behind last year's pace, at 12 percent harvested. Texas' acreage is 27 percent harvested compared to 11 percent in 1996. In Texas, peanut harvest began in North Central and late fields continued to peg in Central Texas. Cotton: Upland cotton harvested acreage, at 13.2 million acres, is unchanged from September and is up 5 percent from last year. American-Pima harvested acreage also remains unchanged from last month, at 249,000 acres, 3 percent below 1996. In early October, 62 percent of Texas' acreage was in good to excellent condition and 10 percent was rated poor to very poor. Boll opening was three-fourths complete, 14 percent ahead of the 5-year average. In the Texas Plains, bolls began opening rapidly during mid-September, but cool weather the following week slowed that development. Some harvest activity began in this area. Heavy rains slowed harvest in the Upper Coast and some fields were showing damage as a result. The Blackland and Central harvest proceeded with little delay. About one-fourth of the acreage was harvested on October 5, compared to 27 percent normally harvested. Cotton objective yield data indicate Texas' crop has the second highest count of large bolls and the fourth heaviest boll weights since 1987. The Delta States, (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee), rated their cotton in mostly fair to good condition in early October. Only 38 percent of Louisiana's crop was in good to excellent condition on October 5 and 17 percent was in poor to very poor condition. Missouri reported 44 percent in good to excellent condition and 20 percent of their acreage was in poor condition in early October. About one-half of the acreage in Arkansas and Mississippi was rated in good to excellent condition and 72 percent of Tennessee's acreage was rated good to excellent. During September, this region's weather had brief periods of cool temperatures but a ten day period of really warm weather helped the crop develop. All States in this region lagged behind the normal harvest pace. Data from objective yield surveys show large boll counts for Arkansas rank fourth and Mississippi at the highest level since 1987. Louisiana's large bolls are the second lowest during this time period. Early season boll weight data indicate Arkansas weights are the second lowest during the past 10 years, Mississippi ranks sixth, and Louisiana weights are the lowest. About three-fourths of Arizona's crop was in good to excellent condition and harvest was 6 points ahead of the average pace, at 30 percent, on October 5. Tropical storm Nora entered into western Arizona with wind and rain, but most of the crop had been harvested which limited damage. California producers applied growth regulators during the month and limited harvest began in the Desert areas. In late September, harvest gained momentum in the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley and harvest was 15 percent complete in early October. Eighty-five percent of the acreage was in good to excellent condition. October 1 cotton objective yield counts show California large boll numbers as the lowest since 1987, but boll weights rank fifth in the past 10 years. In the Southeastern States (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina), the majority of the crop was in fair to good condition on October 5. About 80 percent of the acreage in each of these States was rated as fair to good. All of these States were behind the average harvest progress as boll opening also lagged behind the normal pace in each State. The dry conditions in Georgia during the month caused some boll shedding. Producers applied defoliants and began harvest in mid-September in Georgia, but heavy rains the last week of September delayed harvest. American-Pima production is forecast at 546,000 bales, up 2,000 bales from September's forecast and up 3 percent from 1996's output. Yield is indicated at 1,053 pounds per harvested acre, up 62 pounds from last year. Arizona's crop was increased 2,000 bales from last month, as favorable conditions caused a slight increase in potential. In California, defoliation began in the southern San Joaquin Valley by early September. Limited harvest on the earliest planted fields began in late September. New Mexico's crop development was delayed due to cool weather during and after planting and remains about two weeks behind the normal development pace. All cotton ginnings totaled 1,295,350 running bales prior to October 1, compared with 2,145,650 running bales ginned to the same date last year and 2,454,650 running bales in 1995. All Hay: Production for 1997 is forecast at 152 million tons, down 1 percent from the August forecast but up 2 percent from 1996. Area harvested and to be harvested for alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures and other hay was unchanged from August at 60.8 million acres, down slightly from the previous year. All hay yields are forecast at 2.50 tons per acre, down slightly from August but up 0.05 tons from the previous year. Expected production declines from August in Texas, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Kentucky more than offset expected increases in California, South Dakota, Kansas, and Montana. Below normal precipitation and above normal temperatures during the late summer months were the main reasons given for the drop in expected yields from the previous forecast. Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: U.S. production is forecast at 78.2 million tons, up slightly from the August forecast but down 2 percent from a year ago. Yields are expected to average 3.32 tons per acre, up 0.02 tons from the previous forecast and 0.05 tons above last year. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from August at 23.6 million acres, down 3 percent from 1996. Yield increases from August were common across the western half of the country, while decreases were common in the Lake States (Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan) and the Northeast (New York, Pennsylvania). Favorable growing and harvest conditions helped push up expected yields in four of the top five producing States from the previous forecast. Warm, dry weather in California and adequate water supply for irrigation has resulted in record level yields. A warm late summer and early fall combined with excellent moisture conditions allowed many South Dakota producers to get an additional cutting. Declining yields from the previous forecast were attributed to the lack of rainfall and insect damage, as well as high humidity which caused delays in harvest. All Other Hay: The forecast for 1997 production is 74.0 million tons, 3 percent below the August forecast but 6 percent above the year earlier. Despite the reduction in expected yields from August, the current forecast still represents a record other hay production. Other hay yields are expected to average 1.99 tons per acre, down 0.05 tons from August but up 0.08 ton from 1996. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from August at 37.3 million acres, up 1 percent from last year. Dry conditions contributed to a decline in average yields from August in Texas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Nebraska. Expected yields increased or remained the same as August in two-thirds of the October estimating States. Texas other hay production is estimated at a record 11.3 million tons, down 8 percent from August but up 58 percent over a year ago. Dry Edible Beans: Production of dry edible beans is forecast at 29.3 million cwt for 1997, up 7 percent from a year ago but down 5 percent from 1995. Area for harvest is estimated at 1.74 million acres, up 1 percent from 1996 but 8 percent below 1995. The average yield of 1,678 pounds per acre is 86 pounds above a year ago and 56 pounds above 1995. The October 1 forecast of production is less than 1 percent above the August forecast. A 150-pound reduction in yield in Michigan between August and October was offset by increases in the yields in the other major producing states of Idaho, Minnesota, Nebraska, and North Dakota. Many areas experienced generally excellent growing conditions and weather for cutting, but in Colorado and Idaho crop development and harvest are lagging last year. Rain has delayed development in southwestern Colorado. In Idaho, growers are coping with brown spot and harvest delays caused by hailstorms. In North Dakota, dry weather during August and September improved the condition of the crop from the moisture-soaked fields in July. As a result, combining is well ahead of last year and the average. By September 28, 78 percent of the crop was harvested compared with 65 percent last year and the 5-year average of 50 percent. A killing frost, typical for the third week of September, has not materialized. Wet weather in Michigan in mid-September dampened yield prospects for the bean crop. Variable pick accounted for most of the reduction in yield from the previous forecast, with black beans faring better than navies. The weather improved late in September and harvest passed the half-way mark by October 1. Harvest in Minnesota was 82 percent complete by the end of September compared with 68 percent in 1996 and the 5-year average of 58 percent. In Nebraska, with harvest 78 percent complete, growers reported yields varied less than usual and quality was better than normal. Harvest in California continued on blackeye and garbanzo beans. In New York, about 20 percent of the crop had been picked by late September. Beneficial rains in late September helped yields and recent ideal conditions improved the outlook. In Wyoming, combining is winding down after excellent harvest weather. Harvest progress, at 91 percent complete, is well ahead of the 5-year average of 70 percent. Lentils: Production of lentils in Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, and Washington is estimated at 2.27 million cwt, up 71 percent from 1996's drought-stricken crop. Harvest was virtually complete by late September in Idaho and Washington. Both harvested acres and yields were above last year. Harvested area, at 164,000 acres, was up 17 percent from 1996, while the average yield of 1,387 pounds was up 435 pounds from last year. Dry Edible Peas: Production of dry peas in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington in 1997 is estimated at 5.76 million cwt, more than double 1996's production and 21 percent above 1995. Adequate rainfall in 1997 led to yields in Idaho and Washington which were well above yields from the dry 1996 growing season. In addition, marked growth in dry pea production is occurring in Montana and North Dakota. Overall, planted area in 1997 reached 292,600 acres, and harvested area totaled 274,600 acres. These are the largest planted and harvested areas since 1963 when growers planted 335,000 acres and harvested 315,000 acres. The 1997 production topped all levels since 1947's 5.80 million cwt. Austrian Winter Peas: An Austrian winter pea crop of 82,000 cwt in Idaho and Oregon is down 20 percent from 1996 and 31 percent below the 1995 production. Area harvested, at 5,400 acres, is down 26 percent from last year, while the average yield increased 108 pounds to 1,519 pounds in 1997. Winter Potatoes, 1997 Revised: The final 1997 winter potato production is estimated at 3.12 million cwt, down 5 percent from a year earlier but 26 percent above 1995 output. Harvested acreage was estimated at 15,400 acres, a gain of 6 percent from 1996, while the final yield of 203 cwt per acre fell 23 cwt short of the previous year. Final production in California was 2 percent below the forecast made in April. Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 1997 is forecast at 1.65 billion pounds, up 2 percent from the September 1 estimate and 9 percent above the 1996 production. The larger production outlook for 1997 is primarily the result of increased acreage. Harvested acreage, estimated at 794,750 acres, is 8 percent above last year. Yields are expected to average 2,072 pounds per acre, up 41 pounds from last month but only 1 pound above the average for 1996. Flue-cured production is expected to total 983 million pounds, up 2 percent from September 1 and 8 percent above last year's output Producers plan to harvest 450,700 acres, up 7 percent from last year. Flue-cured tobacco accounts for 57 percent of this year's total tobacco acreage. Flue-cured yields are expected to average 2,182 pounds per acre, up 44 pounds from September and 31 pounds above last year. North Carolina's flue-cured crop prospects in the Eastern and Border Belts (Types 12 & 13) improved with September rains followed by warm, dry weather which greatly facilitated harvesting activities. The September rains in the Old Belt (Type 11) provided some stability for tobacco that was struggling due to prolonged dry conditions but came too late to significantly improve prospects for the crop. Burley production is expected to total 573 million pounds, up 2 percent from September 1 projections and 10 percent above the 1996 production. The increase from a year ago is the result of increased acreage. Acreage for harvest, at 301,300 acres, is up 12 percent from last year. Yield is expected to average 1,903 pounds per acre, up 39 pounds from last month but 37 pounds below the average for 1996. Tobacco harvest nears completion in the Southeast, a week or two later than normal in some areas. Weather conditions during September were mostly favorable for harvest, but cooler temperatures at the end of September have some producers concerned about an early frost. Sugarbeets: Production for the U.S. is expected to total 29.6 million tons, an increase of 11 percent from 1996 and up 1 percent from September. Area for harvest, at 1.43 million acres, is up 8 percent from last year but equal to the September forecast. The average yield, at 20.7 tons per acre, is 0.5 tons above 1996 and 0.2 tons above the yield forecasted in September. Unusually warm temperatures for the Red River Valley postponed stockpiling of sugarbeets in the region and caused initial liftings to lag behind the average pace. California sugarbeet growers experienced continued favorable growing and harvest conditions. Farmers reported no crop damage due to heavy rainfall from Tropical Storm Nora. Sugarbeets continued to develop favorably in the central Plains with warm days and cool nights. Harvest began at mid-month. In Michigan, the sugarbeet crop benefited from September rains. Sugarcane: U.S. sugarcane production for sugar and seed in 1997 is expected to total 29.7 million tons, up 1 percent from 1996 and up fractionally from September. The expected area for harvest, at 914,500 acres, is 3 percent above last year. The expected harvested acreage is down 500 acres from the September forecast. The forecasted yield, at 32.5 tons per acre, is 0.6 tons below 1996, but up 0.1 ton from September. Sugarcane yield in Louisiana is expected to be a little lower than last year's record yield. Insect pressure from the sugarcane borer was light to moderate. Planting was ahead of schedule because of dry weather the entire month of September. The Florida sugarcane growing area has had no major storm damage so far this season. Florida growers were actively planting, while mills were preparing to begin milling mid-October. In Hawaii, weather during September was mostly dry. This allowed harvest activities to intensify and growers to make up for lost time due to wet conditions earlier in the year. Irrigation water supplies are still a concern in Texas as recent rains have provided only limited relief to dry soils. Grapes: U.S. production is estimated at 6.66 million tons, up less than 1 percent from the August 1 forecast and up 20 percent from 1996. The Michigan and Washington forecasts increased, while New York and Pennsylvania remained unchanged. California's all grape forecast, at 6.00 million tons, was carried forward from August and is up 20 percent from last year. Of this total, 2.60 million tons are raisin varieties, 2.70 million tons are wine varieties, and 700,000 tons are table varieties. Picking of table varieties is active in the San Joaquin Valley with good quality being reported. Some wine varieties are still being harvested. Washington's production is forecast at 309,000 tons, up 3 percent from August and more than double last year's freeze-damaged crop. Growing conditions improved as the season progressed. The crop in Michigan is forecast at 65,000 tons, up 8 percent from August but unchanged from 1996. Grape production in New York is forecast at 155,000 tons, unchanged from August but down 18 percent from last year. Harvest is in full swing. Cool weather during the early summer slowed crop development by one to two weeks. The Concord crop is yielding less than last year, but the Niagara crop is expected to be better. Pennsylvania's production is forecast at 65,000 tons, unchanged from August but down 22 percent from last year. Growing conditions were unfavorable during the cold, wet spring, and fruit maturity has been delayed. Grapefruit: The initial forecast of the 1997-98 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.82 million tons, down 2 percent from last season but 4 percent larger than the 1995-96 season. The October 1 Florida all grapefruit crop is forecast at 54.0 million boxes (2.30 million tons), 3 percent less than last year but 3 percent more than the 1995-96 crop. Fewer bearing trees and less fruit per tree than last year contributed to the lower production. The white seedless grapefruit forecast is 23.0 million boxes (978 million tons), 2 percent below last season. The colored seedless forecast is 30.5 million boxes (1.30 million tons), down 3 percent from a year ago. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected to total 500,000 boxes (21,000 tons), the smallest amount of this variety ever recorded. California's October 1 forecast of grapefruit production is 9.00 million boxes (302,000 tons), 10 percent more than last year and 11 percent more than two years ago. Weather conditions have been generally good to date. Fruit set appears better than last year. Temperatures have been seasonal, and the crop is progressing on schedule. Production in Texas is expected to be 5.00 million boxes (200,000 tons), down 6 percent from the 1996-97 season. Smaller fruit sizes than a year ago contributed to the decline. Arizona's 1997-98 production of grapefruit is forecast at 800,000 boxes (27,000 tons), 11 percent fewer boxes than the 1996-97 crop. Fewer trees than a year ago contributed to the lower production. Lemons: The 1997-98 U.S. lemon crop is forecast at 935,000 tons, 9 percent more than last year but 6 percent less than the 1995-96 crop. California production is forecast at 22.0 million boxes (836,000 tons), 10 percent more than last year and 5 percent more than two seasons ago. Quality in the Central Valley and the South Coast area has been good to fair. Defects include wind scar, sunburn, and flatsides. The Arizona lemon crop is forecast at 2.60 million boxes (99,000 tons), the same as last year but down 49 percent from two seasons ago. Higher quality fruit, with less scarring, is expected for this year's crop. Tangelos: The 1997-98 Florida tangelo crop is forecast at 3.30 million boxes (149,000 tons), 16 percent less than last season's crop but 35 percent higher than the 1995-96 season. Although fruit size is larger than last year, a decrease in the number of trees and number of fruit per tree caused the smaller crop. Temples: Florida's 1997-98 temple production is forecast at 2.30 million boxes (104,000 tons), down 4 percent from last year but 7 percent higher than the 1995-96 season. Fruit sizes are larger this year, but fewer bearing trees and fruit per tree have resulted in decreased overall production. Tangerines: The 1997-98 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 370,000 tons, down 11 percent from last year's crop but up 6 percent from the 1995-96 production. Florida's tangerine forecast is 5.50 million boxes (261,000 tons), 13 percent less than the previous season's crop. Although the number of bearing trees and size of fruit are up this season, fewer fruit per tree is resulting in a smaller crop. California tangerine production is 2.40 million boxes (90,000 tons), 8 percent lower than the previous two seasons. The crop is maturing well with average fruit size. Picking should begin by late October. Arizona's tangerine forecast is 500,000 boxes (19,000 tons), down 9 percent from last season and down 50 percent from the 1995-96 season. K-Early Citrus: Production of K-Early Citrus Fruit in Florida is expected to total 130,000 boxes (6,000 tons), 13 percent lower than last season and 19 percent less than the 1995-96 production. Fewer trees and fewer fruit per tree led to the decreased production. Florida Citrus: Florida's citrus belt had normal rains early in September, but then most areas turned very dry. Irrigating was necessary on caretakers' properties. The dry conditions prevailed until September 26 and 27 when a low pressure weather system covered Florida's citrus belt. From 4 to 14 inches of rain fell in the two-day period. New crop fruit is in very good condition and maturity is somewhat advanced for this time of year. Fresh fruit packing houses packed Navels, Ambersweet and Hamlin oranges, Fallglo and Robinson tangerines, Satsumas, and K-Earlys during September. There were two processing plants open to receive packing house eliminations. Caretakers have been active cutting cover crops, spraying, fertilizing, herbiciding, and pushing and burning dead or abandoned trees. Texas Citrus: Fruit set was good this season, but high temperatures have kept fruit smaller than last year. Shortage of irrigation water is a major concern to most growers. Harvesting is expected to start soon in the Rio Grande Valley. California Citrus: The Valencia harvest was almost complete by the end of September. New crop Navels were treated for red scale, and Gibberellic acid was applied to delay fruit drop and maturity. New crop lemon harvest began in the Imperial Valley area by the end of the month. Grapefruit were sizing well. California Fruits and Nuts: The almond harvest peaked and was almost complete by the end of September. Walnut harvest began the first week of September and pistachios started the following week. By the end of the month most of the raisin grape trays had been either rolled or picked up. Mid-September scattered rains and higher humidity brought concerns of bunch rot on table and wine grapes in the Central Valley and Sonoma County. Apple picking remained active as higher elevation Red and Golden Delicious apple growers began harvesting during the middle of September. Harvest of Asian pears, persimmons, figs, olives, and pomegranates continued. Late season peach, plum, and nectarine harvests were almost complete. Apples: The final forecast of the 1997 apple crop stands at 10.4 billion pounds, down 2 percent from the August 1 forecast but 1 percent above last year's production. Increased production prospects in the Eastern States since August were not enough to offset reduced prospects in the Central and Western States. The Eastern States (CT, GA, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, and WV) expect to produce 2.51 billion pounds, up 1 percent from the August 1 forecast and 6 percent above a year ago. New York apples received much needed rains during August and September and both size and color of the apples are reported to be good. Prospects for the North Carolina apple crop have diminished due to spring freezes and drier than normal conditions. Some North Carolina growers also reported hail storms that further reduced their yields. The recent hot and dry weather in Virginia has producers concerned about fruit size. Problems with fruit size vary by variety, with early season varieties being the hardest hit. Production in the Central States (AR, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, MI, MN, MO, OH, TN, and WI) is forecast at 1.40 billion pounds, down 3 percent from the August 1 forecast but 32 percent above the 1996 crop. Michigan apple coloring has been very good, but sizing has been below normal in the Grand Rapids area due to dry conditions in June and July. Size is better in southwest Michigan where timely rains and cool nights have boosted fruit growth. Michigan's crop has been 7 to 10 days behind normal throughout most of the growing season. Production in the Western States (AZ, CA, CO, ID, OR, UT, and WA) is forecast at 6.51 billion pounds, down 3 percent from the August 1 forecast and 6 percent below last year. Harvest is in full swing in Washington. Harvest conditions have been good with sunshine and daytime highs in the 70's to low 80's. Pecans: The October 1 forecast for U.S. pecan production is 275 million pounds (in-shell basis), a decrease of 6 percent from September but up 24 percent from last year's crop of 222 million pounds. Forecasts in Georgia, Texas, and New Mexico decreased this month. All other forecasting states remained at September's levels, though dry conditions were reported by most states. The Georgia crop is now expected to be 90.0 million pounds, down 10 percent from both September and last year. Drought conditions during September impacted dryland pecans the most. Rains during the last week of September were regarded as being too late to help nut fill. Irrigated groves are in much better shape. Aphids have also been a problem, possibly affecting the fill and contributing to heavy defoliation, especially in non-irrigated groves. Texas is forecast to produce a crop of 70.0 million pounds, down 7 percent from September but 75 percent above last year's crop. The October forecast reflects dry conditions that mostly affected native trees, causing a higher nut drop during the filling stage. Some insect and disease problems were also reported. New Mexico forecasts a crop of 40.0 million pounds, off 5 percent from the September forecast but 82 percent above last year's reduced crop. Hazelnut: Hazelnut production in Oregon and Washington is forecast at 40,000 tons (in-shell basis), unchanged from August's forecast and more than double last year's crop of 18,500 tons. Harvest is underway in Oregon's Willamette Valley. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.69 million pounds for September, 1 percent less than August and 11 percent lower than September 1996. September weather conditions were variable with mostly sunny periods mixed with passing showers. Papaya ring spot virus continued to depress yields and shorten the life of infected fields. Some orchards were abandoned prior to the first harvest due to the severity of infection. Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,070 acres in September, 43 percent lower than August and 14 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 1,955 acres, was 16 percent lower than last month but 20 percent more than last September. Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between September 25 and October 3 to gather information on expected yield as of October 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, soybeans, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The items counted within the selected plots depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, pods, or bolls and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The five-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 15,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported survey estimates were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed, considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous month and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submited their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB used the survey data and the State analysis to prepare the published October 1 forecast. Revision Policy: The October 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. At the end of the marketing year administrative records and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover stocks, production, exports, processing, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if data relationships warrant changes. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last estimate. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the October 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the October 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage deviations for the 1977-1996 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the October 1 corn for grain production forecast is 4.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 9.31 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 4.2 percent or approximately 391 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 7.2 percent or approximately 670 million bushels. Also shown in the following table is a 10-year record for selected crops of the differences between the October 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the October 1 forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 267 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 626 million bushels. The October 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 5 times and above 5 times. This does not imply that the October 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been below or above the final estimate is about equally distributed. Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :Root Mean Square Error:: 10-year Record of :----------------------:: Differences Between Forecast : :90% Confidence:: and Final Estimate Crop and : : Level ::------------------------------- Unit :Percent:--------------:: Quantity :No. of Years : : : ::------------------------------- : :Percent: Quant:: : :Below:Above : : : :: Avg:Small:Large:Final:Final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Mil ::----- Mil ----- : :: Corn for Grain Bu: 4.2 7.2 670 :: 267 4 626 5 5 Sorghum for Grain Bu: 5.8 10.1 67 :: 32 6 105 6 4 Rice Cwt: 3.1 5.3 10 :: 5 1 13 5 5 Soybeans for : :: Beans Bu: 3.7 6.5 177 :: 45 2 103 5 5 Cotton Bales 1/: 4.4 7.6 1,399 :: 688 31 1,424 7 3 Dry Edible : :: Beans Cwt : 3.6 6.2 2 :: .7 .2 1.3 7 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Quantity is in thousands of bales. Index Page Table Narrative Apples ............................................ A-33 B-13 Beans, Dry Edible ................................. A-23 B- 9 Citrus Fruit ...................................... A-31 B-12 Corn for Grain .................................... A-12 B- 4 Corn - Ears per Acre .............................. A-36 Cotton ............................................ A-18 B- 7 Cottonseed ........................................ A-19 Crop Moisture Maps ................................ B- 1 Grapes ............................................ A-30 B-11 Hay, All .......................................... A-20 B- 8 Hay, Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay ......... A-21 B- 8 Hay, Other ........................................ A-22 B- 9 Hazelnuts.......................................... A-35 B-14 Lentils ........................................... A-24 B-10 Papayas ........................................... A-35 B-14 Peanuts ........................................... A-17 B- 6 Peas, Austrian Winter ............................. A-25 B-10 Peas, Dry Edible .................................. A-24 B-10 Pecans ............................................ A-34 B-14 Potatoes .......................................... A-25 B-10 Reliability Statement ............................. B-15 Rice .............................................. A-14 B- 5 Sorghum for Grain ................................. A-13 B- 5 Soybeans for Beans ................................ A-15 B- 6 Sugarbeets ........................................ A-29 B-11 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed ...................... A-29 B-11 Sunflowers ........................................ A-16 B- 6 Tobacco ........................................... A-26 B-10 U S Summary ....................................... A- 3 B- 3 Report Features The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on November 10, 1997. Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Rhonda Brandt- Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather, Oats (202) 720-7621 Dan Kerestes - Corn (202) 720-9526 Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Joel Moore - Barley, Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Barbara Rater - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Vince Matthews, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Howard Hill - Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums, Cranberries, Grapes, Maple Syrup (202) 720-7235 Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions (202) 720-2157 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Linda Simpson - Peaches, Pears, Nectarines, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms, Hops (202) 690-0270 Debbie Williams - Apples, Strawberries, Tobacco (202) 720-4288 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. 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USDA to Hold Data Users Meeting Holiday Inn Mart Plaza Chicago, Illinois October 20, 1997 The National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for Data Users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the USDA statistical and information programs including the status of the 1997 Census of Agriculture, and to seek comments and input from data users. Other agencies to be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. For registration details, see the NASS home page http://www.usda.gov/nass/ or contact Fred Vogel (NASS) (202) 720-3896 or fvogel@nass.usda.gov