Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released August 12, 1998, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Forecasts refer to August 1, 1998. Corn Production Up 2 Percent Soybean Production Up 4 Percent Corn production is forecast at 9.59 billion bushels, up 2 percent from last year and up 3 percent from 1996. Based on August 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 130.0 bushels per acre, up 3.0 bushels from a year ago. If realized, this would be the second largest production and the third highest yield on record. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 73.8 million acres, down 495,000 acres from June, but virtually unchanged from 1997. Soybean production is forecast at a record high 2.82 billion bushels, up 4 percent from last year's record of 2.73 billion bushels. The yield forecast, at 39.5 bushels per acre, is up 0.5 bushels from 1997 but 1.9 bushels below the record yield set in 1994. Acreage for harvest is estimated at a record 71.6 million acres, up 2 percent from 1997 but down fractionally from June. All cotton production is forecast at 14.3 million bales, down 24 percent from 1997. Yield is expected to average 640 pounds per harvested acre, down 40 pounds from last year. Hot and dry conditions during most of the season in the cotton belt have lowered yield potential. Producers planted 12.9 million acres, 7 percent below 1997. Upland accounts for 12.6 million planted acres, also down 7 percent from last year. American-Pima acreage plantings totaled 313,500 acres, one-fourth above last year's level. Upland cotton harvested acreage is estimated at 10.5 million acres, down 20 percent from one year ago. Texas'abandonment totals 1.90 million acres. Pima cotton harvested acres, at 244,500, are down 4,500 acres from last year and production is down 15 percent. All wheat production is placed at 2.55 billion bushels, up 1 percent from both the July forecast and 1997. Based on August 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 43.0 bushels per acre. This is up 0.4 bushels from last month and is a new record high yield. Cr Pr 2-2 (8-98) The final winter wheat production forecast is 1.91 billion bushels, up 1 percent from last month and 2 percent higher than 1997. The U.S. yield is forecast at a record high 47.0 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushels from July 1. Grain area was not changed from last month. Hard Red Winter wheat production is up 2 percent from July due to higher yields in Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, and South Dakota. The latter two State yields are at new record highs. Soft Red Winter, at 449 million, is down less than 1 percent. White Winter production is lower than last month due to reduced Washington yield prospects. Durum wheat production is forecast at 126 million bushels, up less than 1 percent from last month and 46 percent more than 1997. The U.S. yield is now forecast at 35.2 bushels per acre, up a tenth of a bushel per acre from July 1. Other spring wheat production is forecast at 508 million bushels, up 2 percent from July 1. Based on August 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 34.2 bushels per acre. This is 0.7 bushels per acre better than a month ago. There were no area changes. Hard Red Spring production is up 2 percent from July at 456 million bushels. White Spring production is up less than 1 percent. This report was approved on August 12, 1998. Acting Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Michael V. Dunn Rich Allen Contents Page Tables Narratives Report Highlights .......................................... -- 1 Selected Crops ............................................. 4 Corn for Grain ............................................. 5 42 Corn Chart ................................................. 6 -- Sorghum for Grain .......................................... 7 42 Oats ....................................................... 8 42 Barley ..................................................... 9 43 Wheat, All ................................................. 10 -- Wheat, Winter .............................................. 11 43 Wheat, Durum ............................................... 12 44 Wheat, Other Spring ........................................ 12 44 Wheat, by Class ............................................ 13 -- Peanuts .................................................... 13 44 Rice ....................................................... 14 44 Rice, by Class ............................................. 14 -- Cottonseed ................................................. 14 -- Soybeans for Beans ......................................... 15 45 Cotton ..................................................... 16 45 Dry Edible Beans ........................................... 17 47 Hay, All ................................................... 20 47 Alfalfa & Alfalfa Mixtures ................................. 21 48 Hay, All Other ............................................. 22 48 Tobacco .................................................... 23 48 Sugarbeets ................................................. 26 49 Sugarcane .................................................. 26 49 Prunes & Plums ............................................. 27 49 Papayas .................................................... 28 49 Hops ....................................................... 28 49 Olives ..................................................... 28 50 Peaches .................................................... 29 50 Apples ..................................................... 30 50 Pears ...................................................... 31 51 Coffee ..................................................... 31 51 Grapes ..................................................... 32 51 Ginger Root ................................................ 32 52 Crop Summary (Domestic Units) Area Planted and Harvested ............................ 33 -- Yield and Production .................................. 34 -- Fruits and Nuts Production (Domestic Units) ................ 35 -- Crop Summary (Metric Units) Area Planted and Harvested ............................ 36 -- Yield and Production .................................. 37 -- Fruits and Nuts Production (Metric Units) .................. 38 -- Crop Moisture Maps ......................................... 39 June Weather Summary ....................................... -- 41 General Crop Comments ...................................... -- 41 Citrus ..................................................... -- 53 California Fruits and Nuts ................................. -- 53 Reliability ................................................ -- 54 Report Features ............................................ -- 56 Selected Crops: Area Planted by State, 1998 and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : State : Soybeans : Sorghum : Upland : Peanuts : Sugarbeets : Dry Edible : : : Cotton : : : Beans -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 340 9 460.0 197.0 AZ : 250.0 AR : 3400 140 860.0 CA : 700.0 102.0 *110.0 CO : 200 *66.0 180.0 DE : 220 FL : 35 90.0 89.0 GA : *300 50 1,400.0 *535.0 ID : 204.0 105.0 IL : 10,700 150 IN : 5,700 IA : 10,500 KS : 2,550 3,500 15.0 20.0 KY : 1,250 20 LA : 1,150 105 550.0 MD : 470 MI : 1,900 *177.0 300.0 MN : 7,000 475.0 190.0 MS : 2,000 30 930.0 MO : 5,200 360 350.0 MT : *61.3 12.2 NE : 3,800 800 *50.7 195.0 NV : NJ : 120 NM : 200 60.0 20.0 0.0 10.5 NY : 100 *31.0 NC : 1,500 21 700.0 125.0 ND : 1,700 *248.0 750.0 OH : 4,500 1.2 OK : 400 410 160.0 80.0 OR : 17.5 *8.5 PA : 395 SC : 610 6 *285.0 11.0 SD : 3,600 200 TN : 1,250 25 450.0 TX : 400 *3,500 *5,200.0 315.0 0.0 *15.0 UT : 6.0 VA : 500 *92.0 76.0 WA : 36.5 *40.0 WV : WI : 1,100 *8.8 WY : 56.0 42.0 : US :*72,690 * 9,726 *12,552.0 *1,448.0 *1,495.2 *2,024.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : United States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1996 : 64,205 13,188 14,375.5 1,401.5 1,368.4 1,843.0 1997 : 70,850 10,108 13,558.0 1,431.0 1,459.3 1,851.8 1998 : 72,690 9,726 12,552.0 1,448.0 1,495.2 2,024.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Updated from "Acreage" released June 30, 1998. Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Bushels --- -- ----- 1,000 Bushels ----- -- : AL : 265 290 87.0 65.0 22,960 23,055 18,850 AZ : 50 25 170.0 170.0 7,000 8,500 4,250 AR : 175 210 125.0 115.0 28,750 21,875 24,150 CA : 260 255 170.0 160.0 35,200 44,200 40,800 CO : 1,030 1,070 146.0 142.0 133,480 150,380 151,940 CT 1/ : DE : 144 144 110.0 100.0 21,450 15,840 14,400 FL : 80 55 80.0 60.0 9,856 6,400 3,300 GA : 500 400 110.0 90.0 49,875 55,000 36,000 ID : 40 50 155.0 160.0 5,400 6,200 8,000 IL : 11,050 10,400 129.0 143.0 1,468,800 1,425,450 1,487,200 IN : 5,850 5,650 123.0 136.0 670,350 719,550 768,400 IA : 12,000 12,400 138.0 143.0 1,718,100 1,656,000 1,773,200 KS : 2,700 2,850 143.0 143.0 357,200 386,100 407,550 KY : 1,170 1,250 103.0 125.0 148,800 120,510 156,250 LA : 490 650 117.0 80.0 65,375 57,330 52,000 ME 1/ : MD : 415 420 90.0 105.0 64,635 37,350 44,100 MA 1/ : MI : 2,250 2,000 117.0 104.0 216,200 263,250 208,000 MN : 6,450 6,750 133.0 135.0 868,750 857,850 911,250 MS : 470 515 107.0 80.0 61,710 50,290 41,200 MO : 2,870 2,700 116.0 121.0 355,100 332,920 326,700 MT : 14 15 135.0 130.0 2,055 1,890 1,950 NE : 8,725 8,550 132.0 141.0 1,186,900 1,151,700 1,205,550 NH 1/ : NJ : 93 98 108.0 124.0 11,844 10,044 12,152 NM : 85 75 175.0 170.0 14,700 14,875 12,750 NY : 650 700 116.0 110.0 67,410 75,400 77,000 NC : 870 780 89.0 75.0 85,500 77,430 58,500 ND : 605 825 99.0 93.0 65,520 59,895 76,725 OH : 3,450 3,200 134.0 140.0 305,250 462,300 448,000 OK : 190 240 140.0 120.0 24,650 26,600 28,800 OR : 22 28 195.0 180.0 5,445 4,290 5,040 PA : 985 1,050 99.0 108.0 127,330 97,515 113,400 RI 1/ : SC : 335 275 97.0 45.0 30,020 32,495 12,375 SD : 3,400 3,850 98.0 100.0 370,000 333,200 385,000 TN : 650 690 102.0 105.0 78,880 66,300 72,450 TX : 1,800 1,850 138.0 95.0 201,600 248,400 175,750 UT : 23 24 135.0 133.0 2,730 3,105 3,192 VT 1/ : VA : 325 360 93.0 95.0 39,060 30,225 34,200 WA : 95 95 190.0 185.0 22,200 18,050 17,575 WV : 37 40 95.0 105.0 4,200 3,515 4,200 WI : 3,050 2,900 132.0 125.0 333,000 402,600 362,500 WY : 57 60 135.0 124.0 6,150 7,695 7,440 : US : 73,720 73,789 127.0 130.0 9,293,435 9,365,574 9,592,089 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Not estimated. Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -- Bushels -- ------ 1,000 Bushels ------ : AL : 8 6 50.0 40.0 550 400 240 AR : 150 130 74.0 67.0 16,280 11,100 8,710 CO : 140 150 40.0 48.0 13,260 5,600 7,200 GA : 40 30 40.0 37.0 1,640 1,600 1,110 IL : 155 145 91.0 88.0 18,480 14,105 12,760 KS : 3,500 3,300 78.0 77.0 354,200 273,000 254,100 KY : 12 17 75.0 83.0 2,116 900 1,411 LA : 98 100 77.0 65.0 11,628 7,546 6,500 MS : 33 28 75.0 75.0 5,040 2,475 2,100 MO : 440 340 93.0 85.0 52,780 40,920 28,900 NE : 750 700 82.0 95.0 97,850 61,500 66,500 NM : 235 80 44.0 65.0 7,425 10,340 5,200 NC : 11 14 50.0 60.0 570 550 840 OK : 490 350 50.0 50.0 28,910 24,500 17,500 SC : 4 3 40.0 35.0 250 160 105 SD : 160 125 71.0 65.0 7,975 11,360 8,125 TN : 15 20 80.0 75.0 1,620 1,200 1,500 TX : 3,150 2,300 59.0 46.0 182,400 185,850 105,800 : US : 9,391 7,838 69.5 67.4 802,974 653,106 528,601 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oats: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels -------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL 1/ : 23 17 50.0 40.0 40.0 1,150 680 AR 1/ : 17 18 75.0 90.0 90.0 1,275 1,620 CA : 35 30 70.0 75.0 75.0 2,450 2,250 CO : 28 40 68.0 67.0 70.0 1,904 2,800 GA 1/ : 40 30 56.0 58.0 58.0 2,240 1,740 ID : 20 30 75.0 80.0 78.0 1,500 2,340 IL : 75 70 74.0 68.0 58.0 5,550 4,060 IN : 35 30 60.0 50.0 50.0 2,100 1,500 IA : 245 210 73.0 68.0 52.0 17,885 10,920 KS : 80 70 64.0 58.0 50.0 5,120 3,500 ME : 25 23 70.0 70.0 70.0 1,750 1,610 MD 1/ : 11 7 60.0 50.0 50.0 660 350 MI : 90 105 61.0 60.0 50.0 5,490 5,250 MN : 310 320 58.0 54.0 57.0 17,980 18,240 MO : 27 13 62.0 45.0 45.0 1,674 585 MT : 70 80 55.0 56.0 60.0 3,850 4,800 NE : 70 85 65.0 71.0 60.0 4,550 5,100 NY : 110 105 70.0 62.0 65.0 7,700 6,825 NC : 25 20 68.0 62.0 60.0 1,700 1,200 ND : 400 480 45.0 64.0 64.0 18,000 30,720 OH : 100 90 78.0 66.0 66.0 7,800 5,940 OK : 45 30 46.0 42.0 42.0 2,070 1,260 OR : 30 30 95.0 95.0 105.0 2,850 3,150 PA : 160 160 59.0 60.0 60.0 9,440 9,600 SC 1/ : 30 25 60.0 50.0 50.0 1,800 1,250 SD : 310 350 55.0 62.0 64.0 17,050 22,400 TX : 110 140 52.0 53.0 50.0 5,720 7,000 UT 1/ : 9 9 74.0 74.0 74.0 666 666 WA : 17 15 80.0 85.0 85.0 1,360 1,275 WV 1/ : 4 4 50.0 50.0 50.0 200 200 WI : 330 280 63.0 67.0 61.0 20,790 17,080 WY : 30 20 61.0 60.0 65.0 1,830 1,300 : US : 2,911 2,936 60.5 62.4 60.4 176,104 177,211 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Barley: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : AZ 1/ : 67 53 102.0 120.0 120.0 6,834 6,360 CA : 180 140 55.0 60.0 60.0 9,900 8,400 CO : 90 85 112.0 108.0 108.0 10,080 9,180 DE 1/ : 35 30 89.0 67.0 67.0 3,115 2,010 ID : 760 760 79.0 80.0 80.0 60,040 60,800 KS : 8 9 40.0 45.0 45.0 320 405 KY 1/ : 14 8 75.0 63.0 63.0 1,050 504 MD : 50 48 80.0 68.0 62.0 4,000 2,976 MI 1/ : 24 28 60.0 52.0 52.0 1,440 1,456 MN : 540 450 51.0 53.0 57.0 27,540 25,650 MT : 1,200 1,300 53.0 50.0 52.0 63,600 67,600 NE 1/ : 8 8 51.0 46.0 46.0 408 368 NV 1/ : 4 4 105.0 95.0 95.0 420 380 NJ 1/ : 4 4 75.0 52.0 52.0 300 208 NC 1/ : 20 20 70.0 63.0 63.0 1,400 1,260 ND : 2,250 1,930 45.0 58.0 55.0 101,250 106,150 OK 1/ : 8 5 42.0 45.0 45.0 336 225 OR : 120 140 69.0 75.0 77.0 8,280 10,780 PA : 75 75 68.0 71.0 68.0 5,100 5,100 SC 1/ : 3 1 60.0 52.0 52.0 180 52 SD : 130 125 38.0 50.0 50.0 4,940 6,250 TX 1/ : 5 5 47.0 35.0 35.0 235 175 UT : 95 85 86.0 89.0 89.0 8,170 7,565 VA : 65 75 85.0 60.0 64.0 5,525 4,800 WA : 490 520 76.0 65.0 65.0 37,240 33,800 WI : 65 65 55.0 55.0 52.0 3,575 3,380 WY : 115 105 80.0 82.0 82.0 9,200 8,610 : US : 6,425 6,078 58.3 61.9 61.6 374,478 374,444 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. All Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL 1/ : 100 90 42.0 45.0 45.0 4,200 4,050 AZ 1/ : 98 152 89.5 99.5 99.5 8,775 15,120 AR 1/ : 820 900 48.0 51.0 51.0 39,360 45,900 CA 1/ : 544 545 80.3 77.8 77.8 43,680 42,425 CO : 2,900 2,798 32.7 37.7 39.6 94,700 110,898 DE 1/ : 73 73 73.0 57.0 57.0 5,329 4,161 FL 1/ : 15 13 39.0 41.0 41.0 585 533 GA 1/ : 360 240 44.0 43.0 43.0 15,840 10,320 ID : 1,440 1,290 79.2 80.8 80.8 114,060 104,220 IL : 1,150 1,200 61.0 49.0 48.0 70,150 57,600 IN : 660 650 58.0 58.0 58.0 38,280 37,700 IA 1/ : 27 38 42.0 40.0 40.0 1,134 1,520 KS : 11,000 10,100 46.0 49.0 49.0 506,000 494,900 KY : 530 550 54.0 47.0 44.0 28,620 24,200 LA 1/ : 115 90 37.0 45.0 45.0 4,255 4,050 MD 1/ : 215 215 68.0 55.0 55.0 14,620 11,825 MI : 540 570 62.0 54.0 56.0 33,480 31,920 MN : 2,465 1,780 32.0 32.9 36.8 78,890 65,465 MS 1/ : 175 140 43.0 44.0 44.0 7,525 6,160 MO : 1,040 1,230 55.0 46.0 46.0 57,200 56,580 MT : 5,930 5,190 31.3 30.3 31.3 185,630 162,690 NE : 1,900 1,830 37.0 43.0 46.0 70,300 84,180 NV 1/ : 16 14 98.4 100.0 100.0 1,575 1,400 NJ 1/ : 34 45 60.0 48.0 48.0 2,040 2,160 NM 1/ : 285 265 35.0 28.0 28.0 9,975 7,420 NY 1/ : 135 135 56.0 54.0 54.0 7,560 7,290 NC : 670 680 52.0 42.0 42.0 34,840 28,560 ND : 11,025 9,465 24.3 30.4 30.4 267,695 287,880 OH : 1,090 1,160 63.0 64.0 64.0 68,670 74,240 OK : 5,400 5,400 33.0 38.0 38.0 178,200 205,200 OR : 970 905 65.4 67.0 67.8 63,430 61,395 PA 1/ : 175 190 52.0 53.0 53.0 9,100 10,070 SC 1/ : 300 240 50.0 32.0 32.0 15,000 7,680 SD : 3,469 3,289 28.6 34.1 36.7 99,213 120,716 TN 1/ : 370 370 45.0 41.0 41.0 16,650 15,170 TX : 4,100 4,000 29.0 36.0 36.0 118,900 144,000 UT 1/ : 189 177 48.5 50.8 50.8 9,174 8,985 VA 1/ : 250 240 68.0 50.0 50.0 17,000 12,000 WA : 2,595 2,565 64.8 65.2 63.6 168,080 163,020 WV 1/ : 9 9 54.0 55.0 55.0 486 495 WI 1/ : 142 142 56.9 54.1 54.1 8,075 7,677 WY 1/ : 256 236 32.3 30.0 30.0 8,276 7,091 : US : 63,577 59,211 39.7 42.6 43.0 2,526,552 2,548,866 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL 1/ : 100 90 42.0 45.0 45.0 4,200 4,050 AZ 1/ : 9 8 85.0 90.0 90.0 765 720 AR 1/ : 820 900 48.0 51.0 51.0 39,360 45,900 CA 1/ : 400 370 75.0 65.0 65.0 30,000 24,050 CO : 2,850 2,750 32.0 37.0 39.0 91,200 107,250 DE 1/ : 73 73 73.0 57.0 57.0 5,329 4,161 FL 1/ : 15 13 39.0 41.0 41.0 585 533 GA 1/ : 360 240 44.0 43.0 43.0 15,840 10,320 ID : 870 770 80.0 82.0 82.0 69,600 63,140 IL : 1,150 1,200 61.0 49.0 48.0 70,150 57,600 IN : 660 650 58.0 58.0 58.0 38,280 37,700 IA 1/ : 27 38 42.0 40.0 40.0 1,134 1,520 KS : 11,000 10,100 46.0 49.0 49.0 506,000 494,900 KY : 530 550 54.0 47.0 44.0 28,620 24,200 LA 1/ : 115 90 37.0 45.0 45.0 4,255 4,050 MD 1/ : 215 215 68.0 55.0 55.0 14,620 11,825 MI : 540 570 62.0 54.0 56.0 33,480 31,920 MN 1/ : 60 55 32.0 30.0 30.0 1,920 1,650 MS 1/ : 175 140 43.0 44.0 44.0 7,525 6,160 MO : 1,040 1,230 55.0 46.0 46.0 57,200 56,580 MT : 1,450 1,250 39.0 36.0 37.0 56,550 46,250 NE : 1,900 1,830 37.0 43.0 46.0 70,300 84,180 NV 1/ : 11 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 1,100 600 NJ 1/ : 34 45 60.0 48.0 48.0 2,040 2,160 NM 1/ : 285 265 35.0 28.0 28.0 9,975 7,420 NY 1/ : 135 135 56.0 54.0 54.0 7,560 7,290 NC : 670 680 52.0 42.0 42.0 34,840 28,560 ND 1/ : 55 65 21.0 32.0 32.0 1,155 2,080 OH : 1,090 1,160 63.0 64.0 64.0 68,670 74,240 OK : 5,400 5,400 33.0 38.0 38.0 178,200 205,200 OR : 840 790 67.0 69.0 70.0 56,280 55,300 PA 1/ : 175 190 52.0 53.0 53.0 9,100 10,070 SC 1/ : 300 240 50.0 32.0 32.0 15,000 7,680 SD : 1,050 1,420 30.0 38.0 43.0 31,500 61,060 TN 1/ : 370 370 45.0 41.0 41.0 16,650 15,170 TX : 4,100 4,000 29.0 36.0 36.0 118,900 144,000 UT 1/ : 160 150 49.0 50.0 50.0 7,840 7,500 VA 1/ : 250 240 68.0 50.0 50.0 17,000 12,000 WA : 2,150 2,100 67.0 69.0 67.0 144,050 140,700 WV 1/ : 9 9 54.0 55.0 55.0 486 495 WI 1/ : 135 135 58.0 55.0 55.0 7,830 7,425 WY 1/ : 235 225 32.0 30.0 30.0 7,520 6,750 : US : 41,813 40,757 45.0 46.6 47.0 1,882,609 1,914,359 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ 1/ : 89 144 90.0 100.0 100.0 8,010 14,400 CA 1/ : 144 175 95.0 105.0 105.0 13,680 18,375 MN : 5 5 34.0 35.0 35.0 170 175 MT : 280 440 26.0 25.0 26.0 7,280 11,440 ND : 2,570 2,800 22.0 29.0 29.0 56,540 81,200 SD : 19 19 27.0 26.0 24.0 513 456 : US : 3,107 3,583 27.7 35.1 35.2 86,193 126,046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Other Spring Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Jul 1 : Aug 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : CO 1/ : 50 48 70.0 76.0 76.0 3,500 3,648 ID : 570 520 78.0 79.0 79.0 44,460 41,080 MN : 2,400 1,720 32.0 33.0 37.0 76,800 63,640 MT : 4,200 3,500 29.0 29.0 30.0 121,800 105,000 NV 1/ : 5 8 95.0 100.0 100.0 475 800 ND : 8,400 6,600 25.0 31.0 31.0 210,000 204,600 OR 1/ : 130 115 55.0 53.0 53.0 7,150 6,095 SD : 2,400 1,850 28.0 32.0 32.0 67,200 59,200 UT 1/ : 29 27 46.0 55.0 55.0 1,334 1,485 WA : 445 465 54.0 48.0 48.0 24,030 22,320 WI 1/ : 7 7 35.0 36.0 36.0 245 252 WY 1/ : 21 11 36.0 31.0 31.0 756 341 : US : 18,657 14,871 29.9 33.5 34.2 557,750 508,461 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1996-1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : Durum : White : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1996 : 761,412 422,019 293,627 630,866 116,090 61,119 2,285,133 1997 :1,120,891 483,890 277,828 500,643 86,193 57,107 2,526,552 1998 :1,200,027 448,664 265,668 455,675 126,046 52,786 2,548,866 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Peanuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Pounds --- ------- 1,000 Pounds ------- : AL : 193.0 196.0 1,930 1,900 449,805 372,490 372,400 FL : 84.0 81.0 2,715 2,400 236,160 228,060 194,400 GA : 519.0 533.0 2,570 2,450 1,433,770 1,333,830 1,305,850 NM : 17.3 20.0 2,700 2,300 37,950 46,710 46,000 NC : 121.0 125.0 2,720 2,950 367,500 329,120 368,750 OK : 77.0 75.0 2,400 2,200 195,210 184,800 165,000 SC : 10.5 10.5 2,900 2,200 32,550 30,450 23,100 TX : 315.0 310.0 2,610 2,600 689,000 822,150 806,000 VA : 74.0 75.0 2,560 2,670 219,260 189,440 200,250 : US : 1,410.8 1,425.5 2,507 2,442 3,661,205 3,537,050 3,481,750 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts. Rice: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-- 1,000 Acres -- --- Pounds --- ------- 1,000 Cwt ------- : AR : 1,370 1,525 5,650 5,500 71,945 77,370 83,875 CA : 510 478 8,300 7,700 37,459 42,341 36,806 LA : 548 588 4,630 4,200 25,977 25,364 24,696 MS : 238 218 5,800 5,400 12,480 13,804 11,772 MO : 109 124 5,300 5,100 4,995 5,777 6,324 TX : 259 254 5,500 5,600 18,465 14,240 14,224 : US : 3,034 3,187 5,896 5,576 171,321 178,896 177,697 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rice: Production by Class, United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Long Grain : Medium Grain : Short Grain : All ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cwt : 1996 : 113,351 56,901 1,069 171,321 1997 : 121,647 55,833 1,416 178,896 1998 1/ : 130,385 45,704 1,608 177,697 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Indicated August 1, 1998, rice class estimates are based on a five-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data become available through the growing season. Cottonseed: Production, United States, 1996-98 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 Tons : US : 7,143.5 6,934.6 5,353.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -- Bushels -- ------ 1,000 Bushels ------ : AL : 385 320 25.0 25.0 10,710 9,625 8,000 AR : 3,550 3,350 30.5 28.0 112,000 108,275 93,800 DE : 219 215 29.0 29.0 7,595 6,351 6,235 FL : 38 35 26.0 23.0 1,056 988 805 GA : 410 290 21.0 20.0 10,140 8,610 5,800 IL : 9,950 10,650 43.0 45.0 398,925 427,850 479,250 IN : 5,400 5,600 44.0 45.0 203,680 237,600 252,000 IA : 10,400 10,450 46.5 47.0 415,800 483,600 491,150 KS : 2,400 2,500 37.0 38.0 74,000 88,800 95,000 KY : 1,280 1,230 34.5 36.0 44,840 44,160 44,280 LA : 1,350 1,100 29.0 22.0 35,640 39,150 24,200 MD : 525 460 28.0 29.0 17,760 14,700 13,340 MI : 1,890 1,890 38.5 36.0 46,740 72,765 68,040 MN : 6,700 6,900 39.0 39.0 224,200 261,300 269,100 MS : 2,070 1,950 31.0 27.0 54,250 64,170 52,650 MO : 4,850 5,100 36.5 38.0 149,850 177,025 193,800 NE : 3,450 3,750 41.0 45.0 135,450 141,450 168,750 NJ : 132 118 30.0 30.0 4,403 3,960 3,540 NY 1/ : 97 37.0 3,589 NC : 1,330 1,425 29.0 27.0 34,800 38,570 38,475 ND : 1,190 1,690 29.0 27.0 24,505 34,510 45,630 OH : 4,490 4,490 44.0 44.0 157,150 197,560 197,560 OK : 320 380 30.0 23.0 7,410 9,600 8,740 PA : 365 390 39.0 40.0 11,400 14,235 15,600 SC : 610 540 22.0 19.0 13,500 13,420 10,260 SD : 3,450 3,550 35.0 36.0 90,780 120,750 127,800 TN : 1,280 1,200 34.0 35.0 40,250 43,520 42,000 TX : 400 370 28.0 25.0 7,020 11,200 9,250 VA : 490 480 23.0 25.0 16,320 11,270 12,000 WI : 960 1,050 44.0 42.0 32,190 42,240 44,100 : US : 69,884 71,570 39.0 39.5 2,382,364 2,727,254 2,824,744 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ NY included begining with the 1998 crop year. Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ and :-------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- --- Pounds --- ------ 1,000 Bales 2/ ------ : Upland : AL : 442.0 455.0 597 550 789.0 550.0 521.0 AZ : 324.0 249.0 1,255 1,214 778.0 847.0 630.0 AR : 940.0 855.0 859 764 1,636.0 1,683.0 1,360.0 CA : 875.0 695.0 1,202 1,001 2,390.0 2,191.0 1,450.0 FL : 99.0 80.0 577 498 130.4 119.1 83.0 GA : 1,425.0 1,350.0 646 569 2,079.0 1,919.0 1,600.0 KS : 10.0 14.0 418 501 4.1 8.7 14.6 LA : 625.0 540.0 757 711 1,286.0 986.0 800.0 MS : 970.0 915.0 901 813 1,876.0 1,821.0 1,550.0 MO : 375.0 330.0 723 727 591.0 565.0 500.0 NM : 66.0 59.0 676 781 84.0 93.0 96.0 NC : 665.0 695.0 671 640 1,002.0 930.0 927.0 OK : 190.0 100.0 462 528 134.0 183.0 110.0 SC : 285.0 280.0 691 550 455.0 410.0 321.0 TN : 480.0 445.0 662 636 675.0 662.0 590.0 TX : 5,150.0 3,300.0 479 451 4,345.0 5,140.0 3,100.0 VA : 100.0 91.0 659 770 159.0 137.2 146.0 : US : 13,021.0 10,453.0 673 634 18,413.5 18,245.0 13,798.6 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 22.0 13.0 912 886 74.4 41.8 24.0 CA : 184.0 184.0 1,141 939 375.0 437.2 360.0 NM : 11.0 10.5 641 686 19.0 14.7 15.0 TX : 32.0 37.0 815 843 60.1 54.3 65.0 : US : 249.0 244.5 1,056 911 528.5 548.0 464.0 : All : AL : 442.0 455.0 597 550 789.0 550.0 521.0 AZ : 346.0 262.0 1,233 1,198 852.4 888.8 654.0 AR : 940.0 855.0 859 764 1,636.0 1,683.0 1,360.0 CA : 1,059.0 879.0 1,191 988 2,765.0 2,628.2 1,810.0 FL : 99.0 80.0 577 498 130.4 119.1 83.0 GA : 1,425.0 1,350.0 646 569 2,079.0 1,919.0 1,600.0 KS : 10.0 14.0 418 501 4.1 8.7 14.6 LA : 625.0 540.0 757 711 1,286.0 986.0 800.0 MS : 970.0 915.0 901 813 1,876.0 1,821.0 1,550.0 MO : 375.0 330.0 723 727 591.0 565.0 500.0 NM : 77.0 69.5 671 767 103.0 107.7 111.0 NC : 665.0 695.0 671 640 1,002.0 930.0 927.0 OK : 190.0 100.0 462 528 134.0 183.0 110.0 SC : 285.0 280.0 691 550 455.0 410.0 321.0 TN : 480.0 445.0 662 636 675.0 662.0 590.0 TX : 5,182.0 3,337.0 481 455 4,405.1 5,194.3 3,165.0 VA : 100.0 91.0 659 770 159.0 137.2 146.0 : US : 13,270.0 10,697.5 680 640 18,942.0 18,793.0 14,262.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-lb net weight bales. Dry Edible Beans: Area Planted by Commercial Class, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class and State : 1997 : 1998 :: Class and State : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres :: : 1,000 Acres : :: : Large Lima - CA : 30.0 26.0 :: Light Red : : :: Kidney : Baby Lima - CA : 37.0 13.0 :: CA : 10.0 9.5 : :: CO : 12.2 10.0 Navy : :: ID : 1.1 1.5 CO : 0.2 :: MI : 14.0 14.0 ID : 3.9 1.4 :: MN : 10.0 11.0 MI : 150.0 85.0 :: NE : 17.0 14.0 MN : 57.0 54.0 :: NY : 22.5 16.0 NE : 6.0 6.0 :: WA : 0.9 NM : 5.0 2.0 :: Total : 86.8 76.9 ND : 155.0 125.0 :: : OR : 1.4 0.1 :: Dark Red : WY : 3.0 1.0 :: Kidney : Total : 381.5 274.5 :: CA : 5.0 5.5 : :: ID : 0.5 0.9 Great Northern : :: MI : 12.0 10.0 CO : 0.3 :: MN : 35.0 35.0 ID : 5.8 6.8 :: NY : 2.0 1.0 KS : 1.4 0.5 :: ND : 1.8 4.0 MN : 3.0 2.0 :: WI : 8.8 8.8 NE : 96.0 96.0 :: Total : 65.1 65.2 WY : 5.0 6.0 :: : Total : 111.5 111.3 :: Pink : : :: CA : 4.0 5.5 Small White : :: ID : 15.0 16.6 ID : 3.4 1.8 :: MN : 8.0 8.0 OR : 1.3 0.4 :: ND : 8.0 16.0 WA : 3.5 1.0 :: WA : 3.7 6.0 Total : 8.2 3.2 :: Total : 38.7 52.1 : :: : Pinto : :: Small Red : CO : 119.0 165.5 :: ID : 21.4 12.6 ID : 42.0 43.2 :: MI : 10.0 9.0 KS : 18.0 18.5 :: WA : 12.0 8.0 MI : 10.0 20.0 :: Total : 43.4 29.6 MN : 40.0 57.0 :: : MT : 12.2 12.2 :: Cranberry : NE : 67.0 75.0 :: CA : 4.0 2.5 NM : 7.0 5.5 :: ID : 1.7 1.2 ND : 400.0 525.0 :: MI : 32.0 28.0 OR : 1.7 2.3 :: MN : 4.0 4.0 TX : 1.5 0.5 :: Total : 41.7 35.7 UT : 5.8 6.0 :: : WA : 10.0 16.0 :: : WY : 28.0 30.0 :: : Total : 762.2 976.7 :: : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Dry Edible Beans: Area Planted by Commercial Class, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class and State : 1997 : 1998 :: Class and State : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres :: : 1,000 Acres : :: : Black : :: Other : CA : 2.5 :: CA : 6.0 7.5 CO : 2.0 0.9 :: CO : 1.3 3.6 ID : 2.4 7.9 :: ID : 1.0 0.5 MI : 80.0 125.0 :: KS : 2.6 1.0 MN : 7.0 15.0 :: MI : 7.0 9.0 NE : 3.0 3.0 :: MN : 6.0 4.0 NY : 11.5 10.0 :: NE : 1.0 1.0 ND : 27.0 75.0 :: NM : 3.0 WA : 2.2 :: NY : 4.0 4.0 WY : 3.0 :: ND : 8.2 5.0 Total : 132.9 244.5 :: OR : 2.6 2.6 : :: TX : 1.5 9.0 Blackeye : :: WA : 3.9 0.9 CA : 30.0 33.0 :: WY : 1.0 2.0 TX : 12.0 5.5 :: Total : 46.1 53.1 Total : 42.0 38.5 :: : : :: : Garbanzo : :: : CA : 9.0 5.0 :: : ID : 6.8 10.6 :: : OR : 4.0 3.1 :: : WA : 4.9 5.0 :: : Total : 24.7 23.7 :: : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dry Edible Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Pounds --- --------- 1,000 Cwt -------- : CA : 132.0 105.0 2,250 2,100 2,325 2,970 2,200 CO : 120.0 160.0 1,900 1,700 2,250 2,280 2,720 ID : 103.0 103.0 2,150 2,100 1,907 2,215 2,163 KS : 20.0 19.0 1,900 1,800 444 380 342 MI : 305.0 290.0 1,650 1,500 4,640 5,033 4,350 MN : 155.0 175.0 1,550 1,450 2,418 2,403 2,538 MT : 11.7 12.0 2,200 2,200 235 257 264 NE : 180.0 185.0 2,060 2,050 3,705 3,708 3,793 NM : 12.0 10.5 1,700 1,900 264 204 200 NY : 39.5 30.0 1,560 1,500 377 617 450 ND : 530.0 700.0 1,300 1,250 7,524 6,890 8,750 OR : 10.9 8.5 2,060 1,910 158 224 162 TX : 14.0 11.0 1,020 900 84 143 99 UT : 5.6 5.7 700 540 10 39 31 WA : 38.0 40.0 2,240 2,100 710 850 840 WI : 8.5 8.2 1,800 1,500 144 153 123 WY : 35.0 41.0 2,260 2,100 765 790 861 : US : 1,720.2 1,903.9 1,695 1,570 27,960 29,156 29,886 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes beans grown for garden seed. All Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AL : 750 720 2.10 2.00 1,752 1,575 1,440 AZ : 220 250 7.45 6.94 1,347 1,640 1,734 AR : 1,175 1,050 2.02 1.92 2,310 2,370 2,012 CA : 1,500 1,540 5.74 5.50 8,008 8,616 8,472 CO : 1,430 1,370 3.07 3.30 4,054 4,388 4,522 CT : 72 73 1.57 1.73 162 113 126 DE : 15 16 3.20 3.44 64 48 55 FL : 230 270 2.60 2.00 624 598 540 GA : 600 600 2.60 2.30 1,680 1,560 1,380 ID : 1,320 1,430 3.90 3.80 4,760 5,148 5,436 IL : 1,020 1,000 3.29 3.31 3,040 3,354 3,305 IN : 725 725 3.22 3.07 2,020 2,333 2,228 IA : 1,650 1,600 3.15 3.18 5,310 5,190 5,080 KS : 2,700 2,850 2.53 2.63 7,010 6,840 7,505 KY : 2,300 2,500 2.43 2.46 5,700 5,590 6,140 LA : 320 330 2.60 1.90 837 832 627 ME : 162 175 1.70 1.89 336 276 331 MD : 190 204 2.49 2.90 698 474 591 MA : 101 103 1.66 2.00 190 168 206 MI : 1,250 1,300 3.01 3.02 4,190 3,760 3,920 MN : 2,375 2,350 2.73 2.56 5,998 6,488 6,005 MS : 720 650 2.50 2.50 2,000 1,800 1,625 MO : 3,480 3,680 2.07 2.14 6,920 7,194 7,864 MT : 2,600 2,250 2.11 2.03 4,920 5,480 4,575 NE : 3,200 3,300 2.03 2.31 7,455 6,505 7,625 NV : 490 485 3.07 3.22 1,505 1,505 1,560 NH : 53 49 1.68 1.94 117 89 95 NJ : 120 115 2.35 2.38 269 282 274 NM : 355 350 4.74 4.37 1,577 1,682 1,529 NY : 1,500 1,450 2.26 2.41 3,468 3,384 3,500 NC : 530 550 2.22 2.03 1,145 1,178 1,114 ND : 3,150 2,700 1.31 1.62 4,825 4,130 4,380 OH : 1,250 1,330 3.08 3.21 3,400 3,850 4,263 OK : 2,490 2,250 2.03 1.65 5,045 5,052 3,710 OR : 1,045 1,000 3.23 3.22 3,244 3,374 3,223 PA : 1,870 1,900 2.01 2.31 4,585 3,767 4,380 RI : 7 9 2.00 2.11 21 14 19 SC : 300 320 2.00 1.90 560 600 608 SD : 4,300 4,000 1.88 1.98 8,200 8,090 7,900 TN : 1,740 1,780 2.13 2.22 3,811 3,702 3,952 TX : 4,400 4,000 2.45 1.33 7,815 10,790 5,320 UT : 700 710 3.84 3.68 2,516 2,685 2,614 VT : 270 275 1.97 1.87 507 533 515 VA : 1,240 1,260 1.82 2.42 2,998 2,251 3,054 WA : 780 760 4.19 4.25 3,140 3,270 3,233 WV : 560 560 1.89 1.98 1,066 1,056 1,108 WI : 2,300 2,400 2.57 2.58 6,050 5,900 6,180 WY : 1,260 1,230 2.06 1.96 2,208 2,596 2,412 : US : 60,815 59,819 2.50 2.48 149,457 152,120 148,287 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AZ : 180 205 8.20 7.60 1,280 1,476 1,558 AR : 25 25 2.80 2.60 60 70 65 CA : 980 1,040 7.20 6.80 6,580 7,056 7,072 CO : 820 810 3.90 4.20 3,010 3,198 3,402 CT : 12 10 2.40 1.90 38 29 19 DE : 7 7 3.40 3.70 32 24 26 ID : 1,020 1,130 4.40 4.20 4,200 4,488 4,746 IL : 630 650 3.90 3.90 2,160 2,457 2,535 IN : 400 375 3.80 3.70 1,360 1,520 1,388 IA : 1,200 1,200 3.50 3.50 4,320 4,200 4,200 KS : 900 950 4.00 4.30 3,440 3,600 4,085 KY : 300 300 3.30 3.60 1,080 990 1,080 ME : 7 5 1.70 1.50 30 12 8 MD : 40 54 3.60 4.00 282 144 216 MA : 16 13 2.50 2.00 30 40 26 MI : 900 900 3.40 3.60 3,420 3,060 3,240 MN : 1,475 1,550 3.30 3.10 4,573 4,868 4,805 MO : 480 480 2.80 3.05 1,320 1,344 1,464 MT : 1,650 1,500 2.40 2.20 3,570 3,960 3,300 NE : 1,300 1,400 3.25 3.75 5,180 4,225 5,250 NV : 240 245 4.50 4.70 1,080 1,080 1,152 NH : 8 5 1.90 2.20 23 15 11 NJ : 25 25 2.90 3.40 88 73 85 NM : 265 270 5.70 5.10 1,377 1,511 1,377 NY : 640 620 2.60 2.70 1,728 1,664 1,674 NC : 15 20 3.00 2.70 42 45 54 ND : 1,750 1,500 1.40 1.80 3,145 2,450 2,700 OH : 600 490 3.60 3.90 2,100 2,160 1,911 OK : 390 350 3.80 3.00 1,365 1,482 1,050 OR : 430 410 4.70 4.60 2,024 2,021 1,866 PA : 740 700 2.80 3.00 2,325 2,072 2,100 RI : 3 3 1.70 2.30 6 5 7 SD : 2,300 2,300 2.30 2.40 5,500 5,290 5,520 TN : 40 30 3.30 3.40 136 132 102 TX : 100 100 4.70 2.50 675 470 250 UT : 545 545 4.30 4.10 2,180 2,344 2,234 VT : 50 40 2.30 1.70 137 115 68 VA : 130 120 2.80 3.60 468 364 432 WA : 480 490 5.00 5.00 2,303 2,400 2,450 WV : 40 40 3.00 3.00 112 120 120 WI : 1,900 1,900 2.60 2.70 5,250 4,940 5,130 WY : 640 630 2.70 2.40 1,488 1,728 1,512 : US : 23,673 23,437 3.35 3.43 79,517 79,242 80,290 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Other Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Tons --- ------ 1,000 Tons ------- : AL : 750 720 2.10 2.00 1,752 1,575 1,440 AZ : 40 45 4.10 3.90 67 164 176 AR : 1,150 1,025 2.00 1.90 2,250 2,300 1,947 CA : 520 500 3.00 2.80 1,428 1,560 1,400 CO : 610 560 1.95 2.00 1,044 1,190 1,120 CT : 60 63 1.40 1.70 124 84 107 DE : 8 9 3.00 3.20 32 24 29 FL : 230 270 2.60 2.00 624 598 540 GA : 600 600 2.60 2.30 1,680 1,560 1,380 ID : 300 300 2.20 2.30 560 660 690 IL : 390 350 2.30 2.20 880 897 770 IN : 325 350 2.50 2.40 660 813 840 IA : 450 400 2.20 2.20 990 990 880 KS : 1,800 1,900 1.80 1.80 3,570 3,240 3,420 KY : 2,000 2,200 2.30 2.30 4,620 4,600 5,060 LA : 320 330 2.60 1.90 837 832 627 ME : 155 170 1.70 1.90 306 264 323 MD : 150 150 2.20 2.50 416 330 375 MA : 85 90 1.50 2.00 160 128 180 MI : 350 400 2.00 1.50 770 700 680 MN : 900 800 1.80 1.50 1,425 1,620 1,200 MS : 720 650 2.50 2.50 2,000 1,800 1,625 MO : 3,000 3,200 1.95 2.00 5,600 5,850 6,400 MT : 950 750 1.60 1.70 1,350 1,520 1,275 NE : 1,900 1,900 1.20 1.25 2,275 2,280 2,375 NV : 250 240 1.70 1.70 425 425 408 NH : 45 44 1.65 1.90 94 74 84 NJ : 95 90 2.20 2.10 181 209 189 NM : 90 80 1.90 1.90 200 171 152 NY : 860 830 2.00 2.20 1,740 1,720 1,826 NC : 515 530 2.20 2.00 1,103 1,133 1,060 ND : 1,400 1,200 1.20 1.40 1,680 1,680 1,680 OH : 650 840 2.60 2.80 1,300 1,690 2,352 OK : 2,100 1,900 1.70 1.40 3,680 3,570 2,660 OR : 615 590 2.20 2.30 1,220 1,353 1,357 PA : 1,130 1,200 1.50 1.90 2,260 1,695 2,280 RI : 4 6 2.20 2.00 15 9 12 SC : 300 320 2.00 1.90 560 600 608 SD : 2,000 1,700 1.40 1.40 2,700 2,800 2,380 TN : 1,700 1,750 2.10 2.20 3,675 3,570 3,850 TX : 4,300 3,900 2.40 1.30 7,140 10,320 5,070 UT : 155 165 2.20 2.30 336 341 380 VT : 220 235 1.90 1.90 370 418 447 VA : 1,110 1,140 1.70 2.30 2,530 1,887 2,622 WA : 300 270 2.90 2.90 837 870 783 WV : 520 520 1.80 1.90 954 936 988 WI : 400 500 2.40 2.10 800 960 1,050 WY : 620 600 1.40 1.50 720 868 900 : US : 37,142 36,382 1.96 1.87 69,940 72,878 67,997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 90,000 74,000 2,025 2,100 182,250 155,400 VA : 41,000 35,000 2,315 2,200 94,915 77,000 US : 131,000 109,000 2,116 2,132 277,165 232,400 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 179,000 150,000 2,445 2,100 437,655 315,000 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 40,000 32,000 2,455 1,900 98,200 60,800 SC : 54,000 45,000 2,340 2,100 126,360 94,500 US : 94,000 77,000 2,389 2,017 224,560 155,300 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 7,300 6,500 2,610 2,300 19,053 14,950 GA : 43,000 42,000 2,075 2,000 89,225 84,000 US : 50,300 48,500 2,153 2,040 108,278 98,950 Total 11-14 : 454,300 384,500 2,306 2,085 1,047,658 801,650 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,200 1,600 1,640 1,500 1,968 2,400 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 3,750 3,800 2,560 2,600 9,600 9,880 TN : 7,400 7,400 2,480 2,500 18,352 18,500 US : 11,150 11,200 2,507 2,534 27,952 28,380 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,600 3,700 2,970 3,100 10,692 11,470 TN : 600 600 2,750 2,750 1,650 1,650 US : 4,200 4,300 2,939 3,051 12,342 13,120 Total 21-23 : 16,550 17,100 2,554 2,567 42,262 43,900 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 8,900 8,500 2,100 2,100 18,690 17,850 KY : 220,000 220,000 2,140 2,200 470,800 484,000 MO : 3,000 2,800 2,345 2,300 7,035 6,440 NC : 8,400 8,600 1,585 1,900 13,314 16,340 OH : 11,400 9,800 1,960 1,830 22,300 17,934 TN : 51,000 55,000 1,830 1,900 93,330 104,500 VA : 10,800 11,000 1,905 2,100 20,574 23,100 WV : 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,500 3,060 2,700 US : 315,300 317,500 2,059 2,119 649,103 672,864 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 8,000 7,500 1,500 1,450 12,000 10,875 PA : 3,000 2,700 1,900 1,890 5,700 5,103 US : 11,000 10,200 1,609 1,566 17,700 15,978 Total 31-32 : 326,300 327,700 2,044 2,102 666,803 688,842 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,050 2,500 2,290 2,500 4,695 6,250 TN : 480 580 2,000 2,100 960 1,218 US : 2,530 3,080 2,235 2,425 5,655 7,468 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,100 1,400 2,310 2,600 2,541 3,640 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 80 80 1,485 1,300 119 104 Total 35-37 : 3,710 4,560 2,241 2,459 8,315 11,212 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 4,600 4,500 2,100 2,000 9,660 9,000 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 1,230 1,325 1,730 1,800 2,128 2,385 MA : 780 875 1,850 1,665 1,443 1,457 US : 2,010 2,200 1,777 1,746 3,571 3,842 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 1,800 1,600 2,330 2,250 4,194 3,600 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 750 700 1,995 1,600 1,496 1,120 Total 54-55 : 2,550 2,300 2,231 2,052 5,690 4,720 Total 51-55 : 4,560 4,500 2,031 1,903 9,261 8,562 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 1,040 1,295 1,415 1,490 1,472 1,930 MA : 420 340 1,510 1,100 634 374 US : 1,460 1,635 1,442 1,409 2,106 2,304 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 10,620 10,635 1,980 1,868 21,027 19,866 : All Tobacco : 811,480 744,495 2,201 2,103 1,786,065 1,565,470 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ----- ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : CT : 2,270 2,620 1,586 1,647 3,795 3,600 4,315 FL : 7,300 6,500 2,610 2,300 20,100 19,053 14,950 GA : 43,000 42,000 2,075 2,000 113,620 89,225 84,000 IN : 8,900 8,500 2,100 2,100 14,972 18,690 17,850 KY : 230,500 231,400 2,162 2,227 395,542 498,328 515,240 MD : 8,000 7,500 1,500 1,450 10,000 12,000 10,875 MA : 1,200 1,215 1,731 1,507 1,212 2,077 1,831 MO : 3,000 2,800 2,345 2,300 6,021 7,035 6,440 NC : 317,400 264,600 2,304 2,069 585,542 731,419 547,540 OH : 11,400 9,800 1,956 1,830 12,640 22,300 17,934 PA : 7,600 7,200 2,021 1,959 15,464 15,360 14,103 SC : 54,000 45,000 2,340 2,100 117,810 126,360 94,500 TN : 59,480 63,580 1,922 1,980 109,888 114,292 125,868 VA : 53,080 47,680 2,215 2,152 103,543 117,576 102,604 WV : 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,500 2,040 3,060 2,700 WI : 2,550 2,300 2,231 2,052 5,162 5,690 4,720 : US : 811,480 744,495 2,201 2,103 1,517,351 1,786,065 1,565,470 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- : CA : 99.0 100.0 30.0 29.5 2,419 2,970 2,950 CO : 66.4 59.8 19.7 21.7 1,032 1,308 1,298 ID : 197.0 203.0 26.4 25.0 4,563 5,210 5,075 MI : 160.0 174.0 19.0 18.5 1,963 3,040 3,219 MN : 446.0 465.0 18.5 19.4 7,971 8,251 9,021 MT : 58.3 60.2 21.0 21.6 1,300 1,224 1,300 NE : 60.3 45.9 16.8 19.0 913 1,013 872 NM : 1.6 0 30.6 27 49 0 ND : 227.5 245.0 18.5 19.7 4,213 4,205 4,827 OH : 0.9 1.0 19.0 18.0 86 17 18 OR : 17.4 17.4 28.4 25.1 416 494 437 TX : 15.0 0 18.0 242 270 0 WA : 18.0 36.5 33.1 33.6 461 595 1,226 WY : 60.9 53.0 20.4 20.0 1,074 1,240 1,060 : US : 1,428.3 1,460.8 20.9 21.4 26,680 29,886 31,303 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : FL : 440.0 443.0 36.9 35.5 14,498 16,236 15,727 HI : 34.2 34.0 88.0 82.0 3,639 3,009 2,788 LA : 410.0 420.0 28.2 27.0 10,323 11,546 11,340 TX : 29.8 37.0 30.3 27.5 1,002 902 1,018 : US : 914.0 934.0 34.7 33.1 29,462 31,693 30,873 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net tons. Prunes and Plums: Total Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : ID : 5,500 4,500 5,000 MI : 2,500 5,000 5,800 OR : 6,000 13,000 11,500 WA : 6,000 6,500 6,000 : Total : 20,000 29,000 28,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Jun : 5,245 3,625 2,255 2,460 2,760 2,625 Jul : 5,280 3,665 2,325 2,450 2,845 3,005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hops: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : ID : 3,870 3,900 1,417 1,380 5,596.0 5,484.1 5,382.0 OR : 8,352 6,161 1,625 1,630 11,734.5 13,572.0 10,042.0 WA : 31,080 26,573 1,796 1,900 57,640.0 55,816.0 50,489.0 : US : 43,302 36,634 1,729 1,799 74,970.5 74,872.1 65,913.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Olives: Total Production, California, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 166,000 104,000 95,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peaches: Total Production by Type, State, and United States, 1996-1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AL 1/ : 0.5 29.0 16.0 AR 1/ : 1.2 14.3 13.0 CA - Freestone 1/ : 674.0 739.0 650.0 CO 1/ : 17.0 7.0 20.0 CT 1/ : 2.8 3.0 2.8 DE 2/ : 2.1 GA 1/ : 10.0 160.0 70.0 ID 1/ : 8.5 5.5 8.0 IL 1/ : 2.0 12.5 15.0 IN 1/ : 2.3 3.8 6.3 KS 1/ : 0.4 0.2 0.5 KY 1/ : 0.7 1.3 6.0 LA 1/ : 0.2 4.0 3.0 MD 1/ : 9.3 9.7 10.5 MA 1/ : 1.6 1.8 1.9 MI : 40.0 61.0 45.0 MO 1/ : 3.3 10.5 10.0 NJ : 78.0 65.0 75.0 NY 1/ : 12.0 12.0 10.0 NC 1/ : 1.9 10.0 25.0 OH 1/ : 7.1 6.0 6.0 OK 1/ 3/ : 2.0 26.0 OR 1/ : 11.0 13.0 14.0 PA : 75.0 75.0 80.0 SC : 8.0 160.0 140.0 TN 1/ : 0.4 3.5 3.0 TX 1/ : 6.0 20.0 24.0 UT 1/ : 7.0 7.0 7.0 VA 1/ : 14.0 9.0 22.0 WA : 11.0 45.0 47.0 WV 1/ : 16.0 13.0 13.0 : Total Above : 1,023.3 1,503.1 1,370.0 : CA - Clingstone 1/ : 1,093.0 1,148.0 1,050.0 : US Total : 2,116.3 2,651.1 2,420.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 1997. 3/ No significant commercial production in 1996 due to freeze damage. Apples, Commercial: Total Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production 1/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AZ : 100.0 45.0 46.0 AR : 7.0 9.0 6.0 CA : 950.0 962.0 915.0 CO : 25.0 35.0 80.0 CT : 20.0 25.0 20.0 DE 2/ : 15.0 GA : 22.0 26.0 24.0 ID : 190.0 110.0 190.0 IL : 53.0 74.0 50.0 IN : 48.0 50.0 54.0 IA : 9.5 11.1 8.5 KS : 2.0 10.0 6.0 KY : 15.0 14.0 17.0 ME : 67.0 64.0 47.0 MD : 29.0 35.0 36.0 MA : 58.0 63.5 30.0 MI : 700.0 1,050.0 1,000.0 MN : 21.0 22.0 22.0 MO : 32.0 42.0 35.0 NH : 38.0 40.0 21.0 NJ : 60.0 65.0 55.0 NM 3/ : 5.0 9.0 NY : 1,030.0 1,120.0 1,040.0 NC : 200.0 152.0 200.0 OH : 90.0 65.0 80.0 OR : 156.0 160.0 180.0 PA : 391.0 535.0 430.0 RI : 6.0 6.5 4.5 SC : 30.0 55.0 45.0 TN : 11.0 10.0 12.0 UT : 48.0 40.0 47.0 VT : 37.5 40.0 30.0 VA : 275.0 270.0 310.0 WA : 5,500.0 5,000.0 6,100.0 WV : 105.0 115.0 115.0 WI : 46.0 56.0 65.9 : US : 10,392.0 10,386.1 11,321.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 1997. 3/ Forecast discontinued in 1996. Pears: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-1997 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop and State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Bartlett : CA : 287,000 282,000 270,000 OR : 45,000 75,000 60,000 WA : 105,000 205,000 150,000 : Total : 437,000 562,000 480,000 : Excluding Bartlett : CA : 30,000 30,000 30,000 OR : 130,000 180,000 150,000 WA : 195,000 250,000 230,000 : Total : 355,000 460,000 410,000 : All : CA : 317,000 312,000 300,000 CO : 1,200 3,000 4,000 CT : 1,050 1,200 1,150 MI : 6,000 4,000 5,040 NY : 15,000 9,000 11,500 OR : 175,000 255,000 210,000 PA : 4,000 4,000 5,700 UT : 1,500 900 950 WA : 300,000 455,000 380,000 : US : 820,750 1,044,100 918,340 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Coffee: Utilized Production, Hawaii, 1995-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production 1/ State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1995-1996 : 1996-1997 : 1997-1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds : HI : 5,400 6,400 9,400 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parchment basis. Grapes: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted August 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Grapes (Table Type) : CA : 592,000 825,000 750,000 Grapes (Wine Type) : CA : 2,225,000 2,940,000 2,600,000 Grapes (Raisin Type) 1/ : CA : 2,192,000 2,877,000 2,300,000 All Grapes : AZ : 25,000 23,000 24,000 AR : 9,000 8,000 10,000 CA : 5,009,000 6,642,000 5,650,000 GA : 3,500 3,700 4,000 MI : 65,000 61,000 73,000 MO : 2,000 1,900 3,300 NY : 189,000 139,000 134,000 NC : 1,200 900 1,500 OH : 8,000 6,900 7,700 OR : 15,000 18,500 20,000 PA : 83,000 58,000 50,000 SC : 600 500 350 WA : 144,000 319,000 255,000 : US : 5,554,300 7,282,400 6,232,850 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Fresh basis. Ginger Root: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, Hawaii, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:-------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- -------- Pounds -------- ----- 1,000 Pounds ----- : HI : 200 275 360 47,000 44,000 50,000 9,400 12,100 18,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1997-98 1/ (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 6,910.0 6,446.0 6,425.0 6,078.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 80,227.0 80,798.0 73,720.0 73,789.0 Corn for Silage : 5,758.0 Hay, All : 60,815.0 59,819.0 Alfalfa : 23,673.0 23,437.0 All Other : 37,142.0 36,382.0 Oats : 5,169.0 4,992.0 2,911.0 2,936.0 Rice : 3,056.0 3,215.0 3,034.0 3,187.0 Rye : 1,433.0 1,586.0 341.0 428.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 10,108.0 9,726.0 9,391.0 7,838.0 Sorghum for Silage : 310.0 Wheat, All : 70,989.0 65,799.0 63,577.0 59,211.0 Winter : 48,342.0 46,850.0 41,813.0 40,757.0 Durum : 3,250.0 3,700.0 3,107.0 3,583.0 Other Spring : 19,397.0 15,249.0 18,657.0 14,871.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 728.0 1,133.0 698.0 1,087.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 146.0 335.0 135.0 322.0 Mustard Seed : 74.4 124.0 72.8 121.0 Peanuts : 1,431.0 1,448.0 1,410.8 1,425.5 Rapeseed : 1.7 2.0 1.5 1.9 Safflower : 249.0 296.0 235.0 282.0 Soybeans for Beans : 70,850.0 72,690.0 69,884.0 71,570.0 Sunflower : 2,949.0 3,420.0 2,852.0 3,307.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 13,808.0 12,865.5 13,270.0 10,697.5 Upland : 13,558.0 12,552.0 13,021.0 10,453.0 Amer-Pima : 250.0 313.5 249.0 244.5 Sugarbeets : 1,459.3 1,495.2 1,428.3 1,460.8 Sugarcane : 914.0 934.0 Tobacco : 811.5 744.5 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 8.1 7.6 Dry Edible Beans : 1,851.8 2,024.0 1,720.2 1,903.9 Dry Edible Peas : 293.6 276.6 Lentils : 181.0 172.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 5.6 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.3 0.4 Hops : 43.3 36.6 Peppermint Oil : 136.3 Potatoes, All : 1,362.0 1,401.1 1,325.5 1,375.0 Winter : 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.0 Spring : 88.3 93.2 86.2 89.8 Summer : 68.6 74.4 65.9 71.8 Fall : 1,189.5 1,218.0 1,158.0 1,198.4 Spearmint Oil : 24.5 Sweet Potatoes : 86.7 86.1 83.3 83.2 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Acreage is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1997-98 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 58.3 61.6 374,478 374,444 Corn for Grain : " : 127.0 130.0 9,365,574 9,592,089 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.0 91,903 Hay, All : " : 2.50 2.48 152,120 148,287 Alfalfa : " : 3.35 3.43 79,242 80,290 All Other : " : 1.96 1.87 72,878 67,997 Oats : Bu : 60.5 60.4 176,104 177,211 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,896 5,576 178,896 177,697 Rye : Bu : 26.1 8,912 Sorghum for Grain : " : 69.5 67.4 653,106 528,601 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 12.5 3,885 Wheat, All : Bu : 39.7 43.0 2,526,552 2,548,866 Winter : " : 45.0 47.0 1,882,609 1,914,359 Durum : " : 27.7 35.2 86,193 126,046 Other Spring : " : 29.9 34.2 557,750 508,461 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,310 914,385 Cottonseed : Ton : 6,935 5,353 Flaxseed : Bu : 16.1 2,171 Mustard Seed : Lb : 816 59,405 Peanuts : " : 2,507 2,442 3,537,050 3,481,750 Rapeseed : " : 1,300 1,950 Safflower : " : 1,830 430,050 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 39.0 39.5 2,727,254 2,824,744 Sunflower : Lb : 1,320 3,763,428 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 680 640 18,793.0 14,262.6 Upland 2/ : " : 673 634 18,245.0 13,798.6 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,056 911 548.0 464.0 Sugarbeets : Ton : 20.9 21.4 29,886 31,303 Sugarcane : " : 34.7 33.1 31,693 30,873 Tobacco : Lb : 2,201 2,103 1,786,065 1,565,470 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,513 115 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,695 1,570 29,156 29,886 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 2,103 5,816 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,390 2,391 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 682 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,680 9,400 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 44,000 50,000 12,100 18,000 Hops : " : 1,729 1,799 74,872.1 65,913.0 Peppermint Oil : " : 75 10,256 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 347 459,912 Winter : " : 203 199 3,124 2,980 Spring : " : 252 217 21,749 19,455 Summer : " : 272 269 17,951 19,338 Fall : " : 360 417,088 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 98 2,403 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 162 13,512 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 5,500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1996-98 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :----------------------------------------------- : : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,718 2,888 2,626 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 7 7 2 Lemons : " : 992 859 935 Oranges : " : 11,427 12,677 13,858 Tangelos (FL) : " : 110 178 128 Tangerines : " : 349 418 360 Temples (FL) : " : 97 108 101 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : Lb : 10,392.0 10,386.1 11,321.9 Apricots : Ton : 79.3 138.0 130.2 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 13,000.0 13,700.0 Grapes : Ton : 5,554.3 7,282.4 6,232.9 Olives (CA) : " : 166.0 104.0 95.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 41,800.0 38,800.0 Peaches : " : 2,116.3 2,651.1 2,420.0 Pears : Ton : 820.8 1,044.1 918.3 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 223.0 214.0 170.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 20.0 29.0 28.3 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 510,000 757,000 540,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 18.5 46.2 Pecans : Lb : 221,500 338,100 Pistachios (CA) : " : 105,000 180,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 208.0 269.0 255.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,567 1,298 1,159 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1995-96, 1996-97, and 1997-98. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1997-98 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,796,410 2,608,630 2,600,130 2,459,710 Corn for Grain 2/ :32,467,060 32,698,140 29,833,750 29,861,670 Corn for Silage : 2,330,210 Hay, All : 24,611,230 24,208,150 Alfalfa : 9,580,230 9,484,720 All Other : 15,031,000 14,723,430 Oats : 2,091,840 2,020,210 1,178,050 1,188,170 Rice : 1,236,730 1,301,080 1,227,830 1,289,750 Rye : 579,920 641,840 138,000 173,210 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 4,090,610 3,936,010 3,800,440 3,171,960 Sorghum for Silage : 125,450 Wheat, All :28,728,530 26,628,200 25,728,970 23,962,090 Winter :19,563,520 18,959,730 16,921,300 16,493,950 Durum : 1,315,240 1,497,350 1,257,370 1,450,000 Other Spring : 7,849,770 6,171,120 7,550,300 6,018,140 : Oilseeds : Canola : 294,610 458,510 282,470 439,900 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 59,080 135,570 54,630 130,310 Mustard Seed : 30,110 50,180 29,460 48,970 Peanuts : 579,110 585,990 570,940 576,890 Rapeseed : 690 810 610 770 Safflower : 100,770 119,790 95,100 114,120 Soybeans for Beans :28,672,290 29,416,920 28,281,360 28,963,660 Sunflower : 1,193,430 1,384,040 1,154,180 1,338,310 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 5,587,960 5,206,540 5,370,240 4,329,170 Upland : 5,486,790 5,079,670 5,269,470 4,230,220 Amer-Pima : 101,170 126,870 100,770 98,950 Sugarbeets : 590,560 605,090 578,020 591,170 Sugarcane : 369,890 377,980 Tobacco : 328,400 301,290 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 3,280 3,080 Dry Edible Beans : 749,400 819,090 696,150 770,490 Dry Edible Peas : 118,820 111,940 Lentils : 73,250 69,610 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,270 Ginger Root (HI) : 110 150 Hops : 17,520 14,830 Peppermint Oil : 55,160 Potatoes, All : 551,190 567,010 536,420 556,450 Winter : 6,310 6,270 6,230 6,070 Spring : 35,730 37,720 34,880 36,340 Summer : 27,760 30,110 26,670 29,060 Fall : 481,380 492,910 468,630 484,980 Spearmint Oil : 9,910 Sweet Potatoes : 35,090 34,840 33,710 33,670 Taro (HI) 3/ : 180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1997-98 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.14 3.31 8,153,300 8,152,560 Corn for Grain : 7.97 8.16 237,896,540 243,650,280 Corn for Silage : 35.78 83,373,000 Hay, All : 5.61 5.56 138,000,940 134,523,700 Alfalfa : 7.50 7.68 71,887,130 72,837,860 All Other : 4.40 4.19 66,113,810 61,685,840 Oats : 2.17 2.16 2,556,140 2,572,210 Rice : 6.61 6.25 8,114,590 8,060,200 Rye : 1.64 226,380 Sorghum for Grain : 4.37 4.23 16,589,660 13,427,080 Sorghum for Silage : 28.09 3,524,410 Wheat, All : 2.67 2.89 68,761,480 69,368,760 Winter : 3.03 3.16 51,236,220 52,100,310 Durum : 1.87 2.37 2,345,790 3,430,410 Other Spring : 2.01 2.30 15,179,470 13,838,040 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.47 414,760 Cottonseed : 6,290,960 4,856,160 Flaxseed : 1.01 55,150 Mustard Seed : 0.91 26,950 Peanuts : 2.81 2.74 1,604,380 1,579,300 Rapeseed : 1.44 880 Safflower : 2.05 195,070 Soybeans for Beans : 2.62 2.65 74,223,690 76,876,930 Sunflower : 1.48 1,707,060 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 0.76 0.72 4,091,690 3,105,310 Upland : 0.75 0.71 3,972,380 3,004,290 Amer-Pima : 1.18 1.02 119,310 101,020 Sugarbeets : 46.91 48.04 27,112,120 28,397,600 Sugarcane : 77.73 74.10 28,751,410 28,007,510 Tobacco : 2.47 2.36 810,150 710,090 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.69 5,220 Dry Edible Beans : 1.90 1.76 1,322,490 1,355,610 Dry Edible Peas : 2.36 263,810 Lentils : 1.56 108,450 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 30,940 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.88 4,260 Ginger Root (HI) : 49.91 54.40 5,490 8,160 Hops : 1.94 2.02 33,960 29,900 Peppermint Oil : 0.08 4,650 Potatoes, All : 38.89 20,861,260 Winter : 22.74 22.27 141,700 135,170 Spring : 28.28 24.28 986,520 882,460 Summer : 30.53 30.18 814,240 877,160 Fall : 40.37 18,918,790 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,090 Sweet Potatoes : 18.18 612,890 Taro (HI) 2/ : 2,490 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1996-98 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,465,730 2,619,950 2,382,270 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 6,350 6,350 1,810 Lemons : 899,930 779,270 848,220 Oranges : 10,366,400 11,500,380 12,571,770 Tangelos (FL) : 99,790 161,480 116,120 Tangerines : 316,610 379,200 326,590 Temples (FL) : 88,000 97,980 91,630 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 4,710 4,710 5,140 Apricots : 71,940 125,190 118,120 Bananas (HI) : 5,900 6,210 Grapes : 5,038,780 6,606,480 5,654,350 Olives (CA) : 150,590 94,350 86,180 Papayas (HI) : 18,960 17,600 Peaches : 960 1,200 1,100 Pears : 744,570 947,190 833,100 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 202,300 194,140 154,220 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 18,140 26,310 25,670 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 231,330 343,370 244,940 Hazelnuts : 16,780 41,870 Pecans : 100,470 153,360 Pistachios (CA) : 47,630 81,650 Walnuts (CA) : 188,690 244,030 231,330 Maple Syrup : 7,830 6,490 5,790 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1995-96, 1996-97, and 1997-98. Crop Moisture Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season. Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations. Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index. Drought Severity Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evaportranspiration. Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in aquifers, reservoirs, and streams. Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this is indicated by the crop moisture index). July Weather Summary: Under a withering regime of dryness and 100-degree heat, drought intensified in a five-state area from eastern New Mexico to parts of Arkansas and Louisiana. In the Southeast, however, slightly cooler weather and increased thunderstorm activity eased crop stress and suppressed the wildfire threat. Meanwhile, Midwestern temperatures remained very favorable for crops entering, and progressing through, reproduction. Heat stress (highs from the middle 90's to near 100 degrees) appeared only briefly, primarily on July 19-20 across the southern and western Corn Belt. In addition, drier weather in the Midwest reduced pockets of excessive soil moisture, although a few northern areas turned slightly dry by month's end. Portions of the Mid-Atlantic region also turned unfavorably dry during the month, accompanied by occasional hot weather. In the West, a temporary mid-month break in monsoonal activity allowed for a torrid spell. The heat briefly expanded across the Western and Central States, setting or tying more than 200 daily- record highs from July 11-20. Late in the month, thunderstorms developed frequently along a quasi-stationary front draped across the central Plains, boosting soil moisture after the earlier heat but causing localized flooding. Monthly temperatures averaged 3 to 7 degrees F above normal in the South Central States' drought area, but were within 2 degrees of normal in the Corn Belt. Departures reached +6 degrees F in the Northwest, and ranged from 0 to +4 degrees F in the northern Plains and Southeast. Near-normal temperatures prevailed elsewhere. Rainfall was less than half of normal in most of the Southern drought area and the upper Great Lakes region, a small portion of the central Corn Belt, and in a stripe from Virginia to southern New England. Highly variable showers occurred in the West Coast States, where July rainfall is normally quite low. In marked change from previous months, above-normal rainfall dampened much of Alabama, Florida, and southern Georgia. More than twice the normal rain fell in a broad area from the central Rockies to the middle Mississippi and lower Ohio Valleys, as well as parts of the Four Corners region. General Crop Comments: Above-normal precipitation early in the month kept some already saturated fields under standing water in low- lying areas in the eastern and southern Corn Belt. As the month progressed, corn and soybean development remained ahead of normal, as mostly seasonable weather continued to promote rapid growth. Near the end of the month, soaking rains relieved excessive dryness in some areas of the eastern Corn Belt, but also caused additional flooding in the river bottoms of the lower Missouri and Ohio Valleys, while parts of the Great Lakes region remained dry. Cool weather slowed crop development slightly as the month ended, but also reduced crop moisture requirements. Extreme heat in the southern Great Plains, Mississippi Delta, and Southeast stressed crops early in the month. Widespread thunderstorms near mid-month brought heavy rainfall to parts of the lower Mississippi Valley and Southeastern States, replenishing soil moisture, revitalizing crops, and extinguishing many Florida wildfires. Crops in the southern Great Plains, western Gulf Coast, southern Appalachians, and adjoining Piedmont areas continued to be stressed by excessive heat and dry soils through most of the month. Moderate temperatures in the Pacific Northwest provided ideal growing conditions early in the month, while warm, humid weather sped small grain and row crop development in the northern Great Plains. Early-month rains interfered with the winter wheat harvest in the central Great Plains, but improved soil moisture levels that aided row crops. Above-normal temperatures during the last half of the month accelerated small grain ripening in the Pacific Northwest and across the northern Great Plains. Consequently, harvest of wheat and other small grains began 1 to 2 weeks early and progressed ahead of normal through the end of the month. In California, cool weather carried over from June further delayed crop development as the month began. However, seasonably dry weather allowed field activities to accelerate. Warmer weather during the second half of the month accelerated crop development, but progress remained up to 3 weeks behind normal when the month ended. Corn: Acreage planted to corn is estimated at 80.8 million acres, unchanged from the June estimate but up 1 percent from last year. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 73.8 million acres, down 495,000 acres from June. Corn fields throughout the Southern States were cut for silage or abandoned completely due to extreme hot and dry weather. No adjustments were made to harvested acreage in the Corn Belt or Northern states. The August 1 Corn Objective Yield data indicate a record level stalk count for the seven objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin). Corn was planted at virtually the same pace as last year and ahead of average. Planting progressed well ahead of normal in the western Corn Belt, but closer to the normal pace in the eastern Corn Belt. Warm temperatures in June and July provided plenty of growing degree days and pushed silking ahead of both 1997 and the average. Yield for the 34 States without an Objective Yield Survey is forecasted at 110.1 bushels per acre, down from 116.2 in 1997. Twenty-two States are showing a decrease in yield, ten are showing an increase, and two are showing no change from one year ago. States with decreasing yields from 1997 make up 47 percent of the 34 State total and average a yield of 101 bushels per acre. Hot and dry weather conditions have reduced the yield in the Southern states. Sorghum for Grain: The first production forecast for the 1998 crop year is 529 million bushels, down 19 percent from 1997 and 34 percent below 1996. Based on August 1 conditions, yields are forecast at 67.4 bushels per acre, down 2.1 bushels from 1997. Yield decreases are expected in 11 of the top 18 producing States with Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas showing the largest decreases. Sorghum planted for all purposes is estimated at 9.73 million acres, up 9 percent from June but 4 percent below 1997. Acreage planted to sorghum was updated to reflect the drought situation in Texas. Texas producers planted a total of 3.5 million acres, an increase of 800,000 acres from the June estimate. Additional acreage was planted behind abandoned cotton and other crops. Acreage expected for grain harvest in 1998, at 7.84 million acres, is 17 percent less than the 1997 harvested grain acreage. Adjustments to harvested acres estimated in the June "Acreage" report were made for Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas due to this year's drought. Texas producers expect to harvest 850,000 fewer acres in 1998 even after the additional planting. Harvested acres were reduced by 100,000 and 30,000 acres in New Mexico and Oklahoma, respectively. The 1998 sorghum crop was rated from poor to good condition as of the week ending August 2. Dryland sorghum in Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and several of the Delta states have suffered from extreme dry conditions. The sorghum crops in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska were in better shape. The yield in New Mexico is 21 bushels higher than last year as a result of dryland sorghum acreage been abandoned. Oats: Oat production for the 1998 crop year is forecast at 177 million bushels, 3 percent below the July 1 forecast but slightly larger than the 1997 production. If realized, this would be the fourth smallest crop since records were first kept in 1866. The forecasted yield, at 60.4 bushels per acre, is down 2.0 bushels from the July forecast and 0.1 bushels below last year's 60.5 bushels per acre. Area harvested and to be harvested for grain in 1998 is 2.94 million acres, unchanged from the previous month and 1 percent above 1997. This would be the third smallest acreage harvested for grain on record. On August 2, 55 percent of the crop had been harvested in the 9 primary oat- producing states. Hot weather in early July caused crop conditions to deteriorate significantly in several Corn Belt States and the central Great Plains. Across the northern Great Plains, from Minnesota to Montana, the hot July weather had less impact on the crop and yield forecasts remained unchanged or increased slightly. In Oregon, a record yield was forecasted due to nearly ideal temperatures and mostly adequate soil moisture supplies. Barley: Barley production for 1998 is forecast at 374 million bushels, down only fractionally from both July 1998 and from 1997 final production. Yields are expected to average 61.6 bushels per acre, a decrease of 0.3 bushels from July but still 3.3 bushels higher than last year. Yield changes from the July forecast were made in eight States. Yields were increased in Minnesota, Montana, Oregon, and Virginia while deceases were needed in Maryland, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. In comparing yields to the previous year, 11 states are expecting higher yields in 1998 while 16 states are indicating lower yields or no change from 1997. Area harvested and to be harvested, at 6.08 million acres, remained unchanged from July, but is 5 percent below the 6.43 million acres harvested in 1997. Harvest was progressing well ahead of normal in the major barley states. As of August 2, 18 percent of the crop had been harvested in the major barley states, compared to 2 percent a year earlier. Barley harvest was virtually complete in the Middle Atlantic States, Arizona, and California. The 1998 barley crop was rated fair to mostly good condition as of the week ending August 2. Crop development and maturity has been advancing well ahead of normal in many states. The early seeded and fast ripening barley crop in the Great Plain states was showing fewer signs of disease problems compared to recent years. The Idaho barley crop was not as advanced as other states. Producers in the San Luis Valley of Colorado were discovering reduced yields due to frost damage that occurred in late spring. Most of the Middle Atlantic states experienced reduced yields as extremely wet conditions during spring months limited the crop development. Winter Wheat: Most major Soft Red Winter producing states harvests were complete, or nearly complete, by August 1. Michigan's harvest turned out better than farmers thought a month ago. Kentucky growers finished at mid-July; yields were lower than last forecast. Objective Yield Survey head counts are above average levels in Illinois and Ohio, but lower in Missouri. Forecast weight per head is well above average for Missouri and Ohio. Hard Red Winter Objective Yield head count were essentially unchanged in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Average weight per head are a record high in Kansas and Oklahoma. Survey head counts are at near record levels in Nebraska and the weight per head is the highest since 1987. Colorado, Nebraska, and South Dakota's winter wheat harvests are nearly done. Montana is moving along rapidly. The South Dakota harvest resulted in record yields. Oregon yields are turning out even higher than earlier expected. Idaho's average yield remains unchanged at a record high. Washington's Objective Yield Survey head count forecast is about the same as last month, but indicated head weights have dropped and are now similar to 1992. Harvest trailed average in Oregon, though good progress was made during the last week of July, and Washington was just behind normal as of August 2. Durum Wheat: Grain area is unchanged from the July forecast at 3.58 million acres. Yield prospects dimmed somewhat in South Dakota, but improved in Montana where the main growing area received scattered showers during July. The North Dakota Durum crop is developing ahead of the 5-year average; moderate scab damage has been found in some early seeded north central fields. Combining was just underway in Montana and North Dakota as of August 2. North Dakota's Durum objective yield survey head count forecast is well above average while the forecast head weight is lower than average. Other Spring Wheat: Harvested area for 1998 is still 14.9 million acres, down 20 percent from last year. As of August 2, harvest was progressing well ahead of average in the major Hard Red Spring producing states, but was equal or just lagging average in White Spring states. Some minor hail damage has been found in some early Idaho harvested fields. An average quality crop is indicated in Washington. Low test weights have been found in some southeast North Dakota fields. Objective Yield survey data shows plant populations at above average levels in Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. Of the three, only Montana's weight per head is forecast at above average levels. Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.48 billion pounds, down 2 percent from last year's crop and 5 percent below 1996. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.43 million acres, down 1 percent from the June "Acreage" report but up 1 percent from 1997. The acreage change resulted from a reduction in Georgia, Oklahoma, and Virginia. Peanut plantings, at 1.45 million acres, were reduced from the June 1 forecast by 15,000 acres. Yields are expected to average 2,442 pounds, 65 pounds below last year and down 211 pounds from 1996. Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) is expected to total 1.90 billion pounds, down 4 percent from last year's level. Expected acreage for harvest, at 820,500 acres, is 2 percent above the previous year. Yields in the four-State area are expected to average 2,310 pounds per acre, 126 pounds below 1997. As of August 2, peanut development in Alabama was ahead of schedule with 61 percent of the acreage rated in good to fair condition and 35 percent in poor to very poor condition. In Georgia, crop development was on schedule, and condition was rated mostly good to fair. The peanut crop in Florida was rated mostly good to excellent while over half of the South Carolina acreage was in mostly poor to very poor condition. The Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 569 million pounds, up 10 percent from 1997. Acreage for harvest is up 3 percent from the previous year. Yield is forecast at 2,845 pounds, up 186 pounds from last year but 74 below 1996. As of August 2, the Virginia-North Carolina peanut crop was rated in mostly good condition. Southwest crop production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 1.02 billion pounds, down 3 percent from 1997. The region's acreage for harvest, at 405,000 acres, is 1 percent below the 1997 level. Yields are expected to average 2,511 pounds, 63 pounds per acre below 1997. On August 2, 62 percent of the Texas crop was rated in fair to good condition. New Mexico producers indicated minimal insects and diseases problems. Rice: Rice production is forecast at 178 million cwt, slightly below 1997 but 4 percent above 1996. This production level, if realized, would be the fifth highest production on record. Area for harvest is expected to total 3.19 million acres, unchanged from the June "Acreage" report, but up 5 percent from 1997. Yields are expected to average 5,576 pounds per acre, down 320 pounds from 1997. In California, the crop was behind normal at the beginning of August. Arkansas's crop was rated at 60 percent good to excellent condition on August 2, and crop development ahead of average. Rice harvest is underway in Texas and Louisiana. Soybeans: Area planted, at 72.7 million acres, is virtually unchanged from the June 1 estimate. Growers intend to harvest 71.6 million acres, down slightly from the June 1 forecast. Spring planting was completed ahead of last year and the 5 year average. In the eight major producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, and Ohio), the average planting date was 2 days ahead of last year. Crop maturity is slightly ahead of last year. Planting was delayed from early to mid-June because of excessive moisture across parts of the Corn Belt. Planting was completed ahead of last year and the 5-year average in most of the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern States. However, dry conditions slowed planting toward the end of the planting season. As of August 2, soybeans were 84 percent blooming, 5 points ahead of last year and 12 points ahead of average. In Minnesota, blooming was virtually complete by August 2, 8 points ahead of last year and 17 points ahead of average. In Illinois, soybeans blooming at 83 percent, was 6 points behind last year but 8 points ahead of average. The percent of soybeans setting pods was 48 percent as of Aug 2, compared to 35 percent last year and an average of 31 percent. The crop was in mostly good condition except in the Southeast, where drought conditions persist. Cotton: Upland cotton plantings, at 12.6 million acres, are down 7 percent from the previous year, and harvested acreage decreased 20 percent to 10.5 million acres. American-Pima plantings increased 25 percent to 313,500 acres, but harvested acreage decreased by 2 percent from last year to 244,500 acres. The large abandonment in Pima occurred in Texas, where 68,000 acres were abandoned. Texas' irrigated fields are showing good progress this season, but only isolated showers during July and high temperatures during the late spring and summer had a detrimental effect on a large amount of the non-irrigated acreage. Abandonment in Texas is estimated at 1.90 million acres, or 37 percent, compared to 6 per- cent last year. Crop condition throughout July showed Texas with at least 40 percent of the acreage in very poor to poor condition and less than one- fourth in good to excellent condition. On August 2, 54 percent was rated very poor to poor and 19 percent in good to excellent condition. The high tempera- tures caused fruiting to exceed the average development pace. Squaring was about 5 points ahead of average during the season and on August 2, 83 percent of the cotton fields were setting bolls, 19 points above the 5-year average of 64 percent. Boll opening was 21 percent, compared to the 11 percent average pace. Harvest in the Coastal Bend continued, and limited harvesting began in the Blacklands. Defoliation and harvest increased along the Upper Coast. Data from the objective yield survey show Texas' fruit counts rank fifth since 1989. The Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) rated most of their cotton acreage in fair to good condition in early August, with about three-fourths of the acreage in Arkansas and Louisiana in fair to good condition, and 80 percent of Mississippi's crop in fair to good condition. Only 6 percent of the Louisiana crop was rated in excellent condition, while 8 percent of the Arkansas crop and 10 percent of Mississippi's crop were rated excellent. Crop condition began showing the effects from the hot, dry weather in early July. The percent of the Arkansas crop rated in good to excellent condition on July 19, dropped 13 points from late June to 55 percent. Louisiana's rating dropped 12 points during this same time period to 38 percent, while Mississippi showed only a 5 point drop to 70 percent being rated in good to excellent condition. Planting was behind the 5-year average due to wet soils until mid-May, when a dry period allowed most States to exceed the average. During the first week of May, producers in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi planted about 30 percent of their acreage. Hot and dry weather pushed the crop's development ahead of 5-year averages, and on August 2, boll set in Arkansas was 97 percent complete, 4 points ahead of normal. Boll set in Louisiana and Mississippi was complete. Cotton objective yield data show large boll counts for Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi as the second highest in the past 10 years. Arkansas' count of small bolls was fourth highest during this time period, while Louisiana and Mississippi small boll counts rank seventh and third, respectively. During the first week of August in the West (Arizona and California), 45 percent of Arizona's crop was in good to excellent condition and 38 percent was in fair condition. One-fourth of California's crop was rated good and three-fourths was rated in fair condition. Rains delayed planting in California during the season, and in early May, the State's plantings were 30 points behind the 5-year average. The early planted fields began developing well, but eventually cloudy and cool conditions slowed development. Later fields were subject to soil crusting and fungal problems, and replanting acreage to cotton and other crops began. In late June, three-fourths of California's acreage was rated in very poor to poor condition. Producers were authorized to plant the shorter season, non-Acala varieties in California because of these adverse conditions. These weather effects caused development of the California crop to lag well behind the normal pace. Boll set on August 2 in California was at 20 percent, 68 points below the 5-year average, and squaring was 80 percent complete, 20 points below the average. Data from objective yield plots indicate California's count of large and small bolls is the lowest since 1989. The number of squares ranks fifth in the past 10 years. In the Southeastern States (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina), plantings were behind average for most of the season except in Alabama, where producers exceeded the average planting pace. The weather remained hot and dry after plantings were completed. Development in Alabama was above average but development in the other States varied. Georgia's square set was generally below average, but boll set was above average. South Carolina lagged behind the average squaring most of the season, and boll set began exceeding the average in mid-July. North Carolina's crop was ahead of the normal squaring rate throughout the season, but lagged the average pace in setting bolls. Boll set on August 2 was 87 percent in Alabama, 9 points above average, while Georgia's crop showed 94 percent of the acreage setting bolls, only 1 point ahead of the usual pace. On August 2, Alabama's crop was rated 30 percent very poor to poor, 26 percent fair, and 43 percent in good condition. On this same date, 15 percent of Georgia's crop was in very poor condition, 21 percent poor, 32 percent fair, and one-fourth in good condition. In South Carolina, 40 percent of the cotton was in very poor to poor condition, 37 per- cent fair, and 23 percent good. North Carolina showed about two-thirds in good to excellent condition on August 2, and about one-fourth in fair condition. American-Pima production is forecast at 464,000 bales, down 15 percent from 1997's output. Yield is indicated at 911 pounds per harvested acre, down 145 pounds from last year's record high yield. Arizona yields are down 26 pounds from last year, at 886 pounds, and California yields are 939 pounds, down 202 pounds from 1997's crop. California's planted acreage was unchanged from last year at 185,000 acres. Plantings in the San Joaquin Valley began with unseasonably cool, wet conditions which kept progress to a minimum until the last of April. June temperatures were below normal and crop development as of August 1, was behind normal. In Texas, the large amount of acreage seeded in non-traditional producing areas, was subject to substantial abandonment. Planted acreage in the State totaled 105,000 acres. Yields are expected to be 843 pounds per harvested acre and the crop's development is late. Ginnings totaled 145,550 running bales prior to August 1, compared with 2,200 running bales ginned to the same date last year and 48,150 running bales in 1996. Dry Beans: Production of dry edible beans is forecast at 29.9 million cwt for 1998, up 3 percent from a year earlier and 7 percent above two years ago. Harvested acres, at 1.90 million acres, are expected to be the highest since 1991's 1.91 million acres, but average yields are 125 pounds per acre below last year. Production is expected to be above 1997 by 27 percent in North Dakota and 2 percent in Nebraska but down 14 percent from last year in Michigan. Planted area is estimated at 2.02 million acres, 9 percent above 1997 and 10 percent above 1996. In the June 1998 "Acreage" report, U.S. planted acreage and harvested acreage were estimated at 2.05 and 1.94 million acres, respec- tively. Area for harvest on August 1 is estimated at 1.90 million acres, 11 percent above 1997 and 9 percent above 1996. As of August 1, the average U.S. yield is forecast at 1,570 pounds per acre, down 125 pounds from last year and 25 pounds below two years ago. In North Dakota, early planting, mostly adequate moisture, and warm temperatures have development of the crop well ahead of normal. Michigan's dry beans remained in generally good condition despite dry soil conditions. Black beans replaced navy beans as Michigan's leading commercial class this year. In Nebraska, the crop developed normally through July and was rated then as 66 percent in good condition. Some flooding has occurred in Colorado's producing areas. The beans are about three-fourths through flowering, cutting will begin in a few weeks, and condition is currently very good to excellent. In Minnesota, some growers reported large drowned out areas. The dry bean crop in California is approximately two to three weeks behind normal due to late planting after a rainy spring. Many of the beans are just beginning to bloom. In Idaho, cool, wet weather during May and June was followed by extremely high temperatures and dry conditions in July. This created crusty soils and root rot, and crop development is running about two weeks behind normal. The condition of the crop in Washington is 92 percent good and 8 percent fair. In New York, some planted acreage was drowned out or damaged due to excess moisture, while in Texas a lack of water forced growers to plant fewer acres. Very dry conditions in Wisconsin caused a decrease in harvested acres and poor yields on non-irrigated acres. In Utah, planting was completed in mid July, and fields benefitted from recent rains. U.S. planted acres of black beans increased 84 percent from 1997 to 1998 while planted acres of pink and pinto beans were up about one-third. Navy bean plantings were down 28 percent from last year. Almost half of all the beans planted were pinto beans, 14 percent were navy beans, and 12 percent were black beans. All Hay: Production for 1998 is forecast at 148 million tons, down 3 percent from 1997 and down 1 percent from 1996. All hay yields are forecasted at 2.48 tons per acre, down slightly from last year. Acreage for harvest of alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures and other hay is unchanged from June at 59.8 mil- lion acres which is down 2 percent from 1997. Extreme heat and drought conditions in the South are the main reasons for reduced production in 1998. California experienced flooding and heavy rains in the early spring, causing damage and abandonment of the early cuttings. Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Production is forecast at 80.3 million tons, 1 percent above 1997 and 1996. Yields are expected to average 3.43 tons per acre, up 0.08 tons from last year. Harvested area, at 23.4 million acres, is down slightly from 23.7 million acres in 1997. If realized, this will be the lowest harvested acreage since 1953 when 23.3 mil- lion acres were harvested. California's production is expected to be unchanged from 1997 and maintain it's top producing alfalfa state status, while South Dakota and Nebraska (States number two and three), are expecting higher production in 1998. Nebraska is forecasting a record level yield of 3.75 tons per acres, up 0.50 tons from 1997. Production is expected to be up in 22 states of the 42 estimating States. All Other Hay: The forecast for 1998 production is 68.0 million tons, 7 percent below the year earlier. Average yields, at 1.87 tons, are down 0.09 tons from 1997. Harvested area is estimated at 36.4 million acres, down 2 percent from 1997. The southern States are expected to have the largest decline in production. Texas forecast is 5.1 million tons, 50 percent below the 10.3 million tons in 1997. The extreme heat wave and drought conditions are the main reasons for this decline in production. Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 1998 is forecast at 1.57 billion pounds, down 12 percent from 1997. Harvested acres are expected to be 744,495 acres, down 8 percent from last year. Yields for 1998 are estimated to average 2,103 pounds per acre, 98 pounds below the average for 1997. Flue-cured production is expected to total 802 million pounds, down 23 percent from a year ago. Flue-cured growers plan to harvest 384,500 acres, 15 percent below last year. Flue-cured tobacco accounts for 51 percent of this year's total forecasted production. Burley production is expected to total 673 million pounds, 4 percent above the 1997 production. Yield is expected to average 2,119 pounds per acre, 60 pounds above the average for 1997. Burley tobacco growers expect to harvest 317,500 acres, 1 percent above last year. Kentucky, with 72 percent of the 1998 burley production, expects to produce 3 percent above a year ago. Flue-cured tobacco prospects in North Carolina remain steady as much needed rain fell over much of the State but the rain may be too late to improve yield levels in the Border Belt. High levels of disease have been reported due to wetter than normal spring conditions which caused growers to transplant later than usual. Development of Kentucky's tobacco crop is ahead of last year. Condition of the crop as of July 31 was 2 percent very poor, 11 percent poor, 31 percent fair, 42 percent good, and 14 percent excellent. Some blue mold and black shank are present but no major outbreaks have been reported. Tennessee's tobacco crop is looking quite similar to last year's. Transplanting was late, plants were in short supply, and diseases such as blue mold and black shank are present. It's been too wet and growers are hoping for a hot, dry spell. Crop development is ahead of last year and yields are expected to be slightly better. Heavy rains, which provide ideal conditions for the spread of blue mold, and isolated hail storms have reduced prospects for Broadleaf (Type 51) and Shade (Type 61) tobacco in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Harvest is proceeding ahead of schedule in an attempt to get the crop in before the disease spreads further. Sugarbeets: Planted acres were updated from the June forecast in Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, and North Dakota. Acres to be harvested in the 12 producing states was forecasted at just over 1.46 million acres, 32,500 acres above 1997 but 12,400 acres below the previous forecast. Heavy rains drowned several thousand acres in the southern Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota and accounts for most of the increase in abandonment. Production is forecasted at 31.3 million tons, 5 percent above the 1997 final production estimate and the second largest on record, if realized. Above average yields are expected in the northern Great Plains despite flood damage in parts of the Red River Valley. In the central High Plains, poor weather in the early part of the growing season has been offset by mostly favorable weather in recent weeks, raising yield expectations. In the Pacific Coast States, higher yields and record production are expected in Washington, but Oregon and California yields are forecasted below 1997, mostly due to cool, wet weather which is expected to delay harvest by more than one month in California. Sugarcane: U.S. sugarcane growers intend to harvest 934,000 acres for sugar and seed during the 1998 crop year, 20,000 acres above 1997 but 2,000 acres below the June forecast. Compared to 1997, harvested area is expected to increase by 10,000 acres in Louisiana and by 7,200 acres in Texas. Production is forecasted at 30.9 million tons, nearly 3 percent below 1997 due to a 5 percent yield reduction to 33.1 tons per acre. Yield prospects in Florida were not significantly reduced by the drought. In the western Gulf Coast sugarcane producing region, drought conditions reduced yield prospects, but timely showers alleviated the effects in some areas. A new, higher yielding variety and more efficient harvesting techniques were also expected to partially offset the drought induced yield reductions. Prunes and Plums: Production in Idaho, Michigan, Oregon and Washington is forecast at 28,300 tons, down 2 percent from last year but 42 percent above 1996. The Michigan plum forecast of 5,800 tons increased 16 percent from 1997 and is more than double the 1996 production. Crop development is two weeks ahead of normal due to warm, sunny weather. Oregon's production is forecast at 11,500 tons, a drop of 12 percent from last year but nearly double two years ago. Cool, wet weather hindered pollination, but favorable growing conditions since then have improved prospects for the crop. Washington's forecast, at 6,000 tons, is down 8 percent from 1997 but the same as 1996. Idaho expects 5,000 tons, up 11 percent from last year but down 9 percent from 1996. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.01 million pounds for July, 14 percent more than June and 6 percent more than July 1997. Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,665 acres, 1 percent higher than a month ago but 31 percent lower than the previous year. Harvested area, totaling 2,450 acres, was virtually unchanged from last month but 5 percent higher than last July. Weather conditions in July were a mix of sunshine and showers over major papaya producing areas. Orchard conditions ranged from good to poor. Hops: Hop production in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 65.9 mil- lion pounds for 1998, down 12 percent from last year and 1996. If realized, this would be the lowest production since 1990's 56.9 million pounds. Acreage strung for harvest, at 36,634 acres, is off 15 percent from last year but yield, at 1,799 pounds per acre, is 70 pounds higher than 1997. Washington's growers conducted an aggressive spray program for powdery mildew this year and yield is forecast at 1,900 pounds per acre, 104 pounds higher than last year and the second highest yield in 11 years. The 1995 crop yielded 1,930 pounds per acre for Washington's producers. A sharp increase in acres of the high yielding variety Columbus/Tomahawk, and decreased acreage of the lower yielding Tettnanger variety contributed to improved yield prospects. Producers in Oregon indicate a yield of 1,630 pounds per acre, up 5 pounds from 1997, for an average crop with no unusual problems this year. The Idaho hop crop continues to develop normally under unusually warm conditions and yield is expected to be 1,380 pounds per acre, down 37 pounds from last year. Olives: The 1998 olive crop forecast is 95,000 tons, down 9 percent from last year. Cool and damp weather during bloom and pollination delayed fruit development by three to four weeks. Fruit size appears to be normal in most orchards. The Manzanillo variety accounts for about three-fourths of the total production, and growers expect its yield to be down 2 percent from last year. Growers expect the yield of the Sevillano and Ascolano varieties, which account for about a fourth of total production, to be down by 35 and 27 percent, respectively. Peaches: The August 1, 1998 peach crop forecast decreased 12.0 million pounds from the July 1 forecast to 2.42 billion pounds. This forecast is 9 percent below 1997 but 14 percent above 1996. Pennsylvania's producers dropped their expectations for the 1998 crop from 85.0 million pounds to 80.0 million pounds, and Michigan's growers lowered their production from 52.0 million pounds to 45.0 million pounds. August 1 forecasts for New Jersey, South Carolina, and Washington were unchanged from July. In New Jersey, peach harvest started 7 to 10 days earlier than normal, and Michigan harvesting began two weeks early. Michigan's Red Haven picking was almost complete by August 1, with excellent sizing but low fruit counts due to poor pollination. Pennsylvania's producers reported that fruit has good size and appearance. The U. S. Freestone crop as of August 1 is forecast at 1.37 billion pounds, down 9 percent from 1997 but 34 percent above 1996 for comparable States. The California Freestone crop stands at 650.0 million pounds, 12 percent below 1997 and 4 percent below 1996. By August 1, 90 percent of the Georgia peach crop, estimated at 70.0 million pounds, had been harvested, and 80 percent of South Carolina's 140 million pound crop had been picked. California's Clingstone crop, at 1.05 billion pounds, is 9 percent below 1997 and 4 percent below 1996. Apples: The nation's apple production is forecast at 11.3 billion pounds, up 9 percent from the 1997 crop and only 2 percent below 1994's record large crop. Increased production in the Western States more than offset reduced production prospects in most of the Eastern States. Production in the Western States (AZ, CA, CO, ID, OR, UT, WA) is forecast at 7.56 billion pounds, up 19 percent from 1997. All States except California are expecting increased production in 1998. The largest increases are expected in Colorado and Washington. In Colorado, growing conditions have been ideal for fruit development and producers expect to more than double their production from last year. Washington, which will produce 54 percent of the U.S. apple production this year, is looking at a potentially record large crop. The Central States (AR, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, MI, MN, MO, OH, TN, WI) expect 1.36 billion pounds of apple production, down 4 percent from last year. Increases in production expected in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, and Wisconsin were more than offset by reductions in other States. In the Eastern States (CT, GA, ME, MD, MA NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, WV), production is placed at 2.41 billion pounds, down 8 percent from 1997. All States except Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia expect production to be down from last year. Pears: All pear production for 1998 is forecast at 918,340 tons, 12 percent below 1997 but 12 percent above 1996. Pear production, other than Bartletts, in the three Pacific Coast States is expected to total 410,000 tons, 11 percent below last year but 15 percent above two years ago. Bartlett pear production is forecast at 480,000 tons in California, Oregon, and Washington, unchanged from the June 1998 forecast but down 15 percent from 1997. Bartlett pear harvest is underway slowly in the Sacramento area with approxi- mately 10 percent of the crop picked. Some scab is reported, overall quality is good, and fruit sizes are small. Oregon's growers expect to harvest 15,000 fewer tons than in 1997, due in part to cool, wet weather during bloom and pollination. California's other pear production, at 30,000 tons, is unchanged from 1997, but Oregon's production, at 150,000 tons, is down 30,000 tons and Washington, at 230,000 tons, is off 20,000 tons. Asian pear picking is underway in California with good quality reported. New York's pear crop was hit by hail, high winds, and frost early in the season. The Bosc crop was almost wiped out, but Bartletts fared better and fruit that was not damaged is sizing well due to good moisture conditions. Pennsylvania's producers expect to pick 5,700 tons compared with 4,000 tons last year. Michigan's pear crop, at 5,040 tons, benefitted from warmer than normal spring and summer weather which pushed growing degree days about 200 above normal. In Colorado, some pear growers have replaced low density plantings with high density ones resulting in production increasing from 3,000 tons in 1997 to 4,000 tons in 1998 with no change in acres. Pear production in Utah is expected to reach 950 tons, 50 tons above last year. Coffee: Hawaii coffee production is estimated at 9.40 million pounds (parchment equivalent basis) for 1997-98, 47 percent above the previous season. Favorable weather, an increase in harvested acreage, improved recovery from mechanical harvesters, higher yields from maturing trees, and higher farm prices contributed to the largest crop produced since 1964. Grapes: U.S. production is estimated at 6.23 million tons, down 14 percent from 1997 but up 12 percent from 1996. California's all grape forecast, at 5.65 million tons, led all States but decreased 7 percent from the July 1 fore- cast. The New York and Washington forecasts fell from last year while Michigan increased from a year ago. These four States account for 98 percent of the forecasted U.S. production in 1998. California's all grape forecast decreased to 5.65 million tons, down 15 percent from a year ago. Of this total, 2.30 million tons are raisin varieties, 2.60 million tons are wine varieties, and 750,000 tons are table varieties. The raisin objective measurement survey indicated fewer, smaller bunches compared to a year ago. Picking of late table varieties is active in the San Joaquin Valley with some mildew problems occurring. The maturity of the wine crop is two to three weeks behind normal and harvest is expected to begin in late August or early September. Picking of raisin varieties may also start as late as the end of August or early September. Maturity is well behind normal and growers are concerned about mildew problems. Washington's production is forecast at 255,000 tons, down 20 percent from last year, but up 77 percent from 1996. The Concord and Niagara grape crops did not develop as well as last year, but wine grape production increased 26 percent. The crop in Michigan is forecast at 73,000 tons, up 20 percent from last year and 12 percent above 1996. The crop had an excellent bloom set and the largest number of berries per cluster ever recorded. Grape production in New York is forecast at 134,000 tons, down 4 percent from last year and down 29 percent from 1996. A freeze in late April destroyed a percentage of the crop but fruit quality and size are excellent. Harvest is expected to start two weeks early in mid-September. Pennsylvania is forecast at 50,000 tons, down 14 percent from last year and down 40 percent from 1996. Growing conditions were unfavorable during the spring due to frost damage which killed buds in one of the largest producing counties. Ginger Root: Hawaii ginger root production for the 1997-98 season is estimated at 18.0 million pounds, up 49 percent from the previous season. Beneficial weather, improved cultural practices, and a 31 percent increase in harvested acreage contributed to the increased production. Yields averaged 50,000 pounds per harvested acre, tying the record high average. Weather conditions favored the development of the 1997-98 ginger root crop. Disease remained a problem for some farmers, but overall losses did not significantly hurt the crop. Florida Citrus: Florida's citrus growers were relieved to have near normal weather conditions during July. There were regular afternoon rains and thunderstorms in virtually all citrus producing counties. Surface soil moisture returned to adequate after the early summer drought and record high temperatures of May and June. Some caretakers are still irrigating periodically to maintain optimum growing conditions. There is an abundance of new growth on all trees receiving good grove care. New crop fruit is making good progress considering the earlier stress. Some groves which had their maintenance discontinued look very poor and have only a partial crop of fruit at best. Some caretakers are pushing old grapefruit trees that have become uneconomical to maintain. Many young grapefruit trees have been grafted or budded to more desirable and marketable varieties. There was very little harvest during July. A few small processing plants ran some late bloom fruit for the fresh squeeze business. Caretakers have generally been active cutting cover crops, fertilizing, spraying, and replanting. California Citrus: Valencia orange harvest slowed due to normal competition from stone fruits. Quality has been good to excellent. Picking of grapefruit in the non-desert areas was active in July with good quality reported. The harvest of lemons in the San Joaquin Valley and South Coast area continued with good quality. The "June drop" of new crop citrus extended well into July. California Fruits and Nuts: Growers harvested various crops throughout July. Fresh grape picking ended in the Coachella Valley and began in the San Joaquin Valley. Growers were concerned about bunch rot caused by the heat and humidity. Vineyards were treated for mildew, fungus, worms, and mites. The stone fruit harvest was active during July with nectarines, freestone peaches, and plums picked. Problems with brown rot, mold, and split pits continued to plague growers. Early variety clingstone peach harvest began. Strawberry harvest was active with improved quality. Almond growers applied insecticides to control mites and navel orangeworms. By the end of July, almond growers were preparing orchards for harvest by mowing and applying herbicides between the trees. Walnut growers whitewashed trees for sunburn protection. Reliability of August 1 Crop Production Forecasts Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between July 25 and August 4 to gather information on expected yield as of August 1. The objective yield surveys for wheat, corn, soybeans, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and to seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected fields (corn, cotton, and soybeans). The items counted within the selected plots depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of heads, ears, pods, or bolls and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The five-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are re-visited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 28,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported survey estimates were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous month and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analysis to prepare the published August 1 forecast. Revision Policy: The August 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. At the end of the marketing year administrative records and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover stocks, production, exports, processing, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if data relationships warrant changes. Estimates of planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision August 1 if conditions altered the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last estimate. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the August 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the August 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage deviations for the 1978-1997 20-year period is computed then the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the August 1 corn for grain production forecast is 9.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 9.59 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 9.0 percent or approximately 863 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 15.5 percent or approximately 1.49 billion bushels. Also, shown in the following table is a 10-year record for selected crops of the differences between the August 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the August 1 forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 490 million bushels, ranging from 57 million to 1.09 billion bushels. The August 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 2 times. This does not imply that the August 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been below or above the final estimate is about equally distributed. Reliability of August 1 Crop Production Forecasts -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root Mean Square Error:: 10-year Record of :-----------------------:: Differences Between Forecast : : 90% Confidence:: and Final Estimate Crop and : : Level ::-------------------------------- Unit : :---------------:: Quantity : No. of Years :Percent: : ::-------------------------------- : :Percent: Quant :: : : :Below:Above : : : :: Avg :Small: Large:Final:Final -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Mil :: --- Mil --- : :: Corn For Grain Bu : 9.0 15.5 1,487 :: 490 57 1,087 8 2 Sorghum For Grain " : 8.3 14.3 76 :: 45 12 108 6 4 Oats " : 8.0 13.9 25 :: 16 2 43 2 8 Barley " : 6.3 11.4 43 :: 22 2 69 5 5 All Wheat " : 2.6 4.5 115 :: 56 7 160 3 7 Winter " : 1.1 1.9 36 :: 14 0 30 3 6 Durum " : 9.7 16.7 21 :: 9 1 19 3 7 Other Spring " : 8.4 14.6 74 :: 48 3 121 4 6 Rice Cwt: 4.7 8.2 15 :: 7 2 14 6 4 Soybeans For : :: Beans Bu : 6.0 10.4 294 :: 85 17 235 7 3 Cotton 1/ Bales: 8.6 14.8 2,111 :: 999 34 3,911 6 4 Dry Edible : :: Beans Cwt: 7.7 13.2 4 :: 1.4 0 4.1 3 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quantity is in thousands of bales. Report Features The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on September 11, 1998. Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Rhonda Brandt- Corn (202) 720-7621 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Doug Hartwig - Hay (202) 720-8843 Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Barley, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Vince Matthews, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Howard Hill - Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums, Cranberries, Grapes, Maple Syrup (202) 720-7235 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Linda Simpson - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions (202) 720-2157 Debbie Williams - Apples, Strawberries, Tobacco (202) 720-4288 Harry Nishimoto - Hops (360) 902-1940 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. 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