Cr Pr 2-2 (10-98) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released October 9, 1998, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Corn production unchanged Soybeans down 5 percent All Cotton down 2 percent Corn for grain production is forecast at 9.74 billion bushels, virtually unchanged from last month and up 4 percent from 1997. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 132.0 bushels per acre, unchanged from last month but up 5.0 bushels from a year ago. If realized, this would be the second largest production and the second highest yield on record. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 73.8 million acres, unchanged from last month and virtually unchanged from 1997. Soybean production is forecast at a record high 2.77 billion bushels, down 5 percent from September 1 but 2 percent above last year's record of 2.70 billion bushels. The yield forecast, at 38.7 bushels per acre, is down 1.9 bushels from last month and is 0.1 bushels below the 1997 final yield. The reduction in yield is attributed to lower pod weights. Above normal temperatures and drier conditions during late August and September affected pod filling and bean size. Acreage for harvest is estimated at a record 71.6 million acres, unchanged from September 1 but up 3 percent from 1997. Revisions to 1997 soybean acres, yield, and production were published in the September 30, 1998 Grain Stocks release. All cotton production is forecast at 13.3 million bales, down 2 percent from last month and down 29 percent from 1997. Yield is expected to average 616 pounds per harvested acre, down 64 pounds from last year. Texas harvested acres were reduced 250,000 acres from September's forecast, but production remains unchanged. The California crop production was lowered 100,000 bales from last month. Georgia's production was reduced 50,000 bales from the previous month's forecast, due to the effects of Hurricane Georges and Tropical Storm Earl. All oranges: The initial forecast of the 1998-99 U.S. all orange crop is 11.0 million tons, down 21 percent from last year's record large crop of 13.9 million tons. Florida's all orange forecast is 190 million boxes (8.55 million tons), 22 percent less than the record large 244 million boxes produced last season. Early and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 112 million boxes (5.04 million tons), 20 percent lower than last season. Florida's Valencia forecast of 78.0 million boxes (3.51 million tons) is 25 percent below last season's 104.0 million boxes. California's all orange production is forecast at 62.0 million boxes (2.33 million tons), 16 percent less than last season. The Navel orange forecast was unchanged from September at 34.0 million boxes (1.28 million tons) but down 23 percent from last year's production of 44.0 million boxes. The initial California Valencia forecast for the 1998-99 season is 28.0 million boxes (1.05 million tons), 7 percent less than a year ago. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ): Yield for the 1998-99 season is forecast at 1.57 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The final 1997-98 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was 1.58 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. Projected yields for 1998-99 early-midseason and Valencia varieties will be published in the January Crop Production report. This report was approved on October 9, 1998. Secretary of Agriculture Dan Glickman Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Rich Allen Contents Page TableNarrative Corn for Grain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1,38 Soybeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1,39 Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1,40 Oranges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2 Sorghum for Grain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 38 Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 39 Sunflower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 39 Peanuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 39 Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 -- All Hay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 41 Alfalfa Hay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 41 Other Hay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 41 Dry Edible Beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 42 Lentils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 42 Dry Edible Peas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 42 Austrian Winter Peas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 43 Winter Potatoes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 43 Tobacco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 43 Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 43 Sugarcane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 44 Grapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 44 Citrus Fruits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 44 Apples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 46 Pecans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 46 Hazelnuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 47 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 47 Crop Summary (Domestic Units) Area Planted and Harvested. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 -- Yield and Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 -- Fruits and Nuts Production (Domestic Units). . . . . . . . . .31 -- Crop Summary (Metric Units) Area Planted and Harvested. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 -- Yield and Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 -- Fruits and Nuts Production (Metric Units). . . . . . . . . . .34 -- Corn for Grain: Number of Ears per Acre . . . . . . . . . . .28 33 Crop Moisture Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 35 September Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 37 General Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 37 California Fruits and Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 46 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 48 Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- 50 Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Bushels -------- --- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL : 265 290 87.0 60.0 55.0 23,055 15,950 AZ 1/ : 50 25 170.0 170.0 170.0 8,500 4,250 AR 1/ : 175 210 125.0 115.0 115.0 21,875 24,150 CA : 260 255 170.0 160.0 155.0 44,200 39,525 CO : 1,030 1,070 146.0 140.0 140.0 150,380 149,800 CT 2/ : DE : 144 144 110.0 100.0 100.0 15,840 14,400 FL 1/ : 80 55 80.0 60.0 60.0 6,400 3,300 GA : 500 400 110.0 88.0 80.0 55,000 32,000 ID 1/ : 40 50 155.0 160.0 160.0 6,200 8,000 IL : 11,050 10,400 129.0 145.0 143.0 1,425,450 1,487,200 IN : 5,850 5,650 123.0 139.0 137.0 719,550 774,050 IA : 12,000 12,400 138.0 143.0 143.0 1,656,000 1,773,200 KS : 2,700 2,850 143.0 143.0 144.0 386,100 410,400 KY : 1,170 1,250 103.0 125.0 118.0 120,510 147,500 LA 1/ : 490 650 117.0 80.0 80.0 57,330 52,000 ME 2/ : MD : 415 420 90.0 100.0 100.0 37,350 42,000 MA 2/ : MI : 2,250 2,000 117.0 102.0 105.0 263,250 210,000 MN : 6,450 6,750 133.0 141.0 150.0 857,850 1,012,500 MS 1/ : 470 515 107.0 80.0 80.0 50,290 41,200 MO : 2,870 2,700 116.0 121.0 114.0 332,920 307,800 MT 1/ : 14 15 135.0 130.0 130.0 1,890 1,950 NE : 8,725 8,550 132.0 145.0 143.0 1,151,700 1,222,650 NH 2/ : NJ 1/ : 93 98 108.0 124.0 124.0 10,044 12,152 NM 1/ : 85 75 175.0 170.0 170.0 14,875 12,750 NY : 650 700 116.0 114.0 114.0 75,400 79,800 NC : 870 780 89.0 70.0 70.0 77,430 54,600 ND : 605 825 99.0 98.0 103.0 59,895 84,975 OH : 3,450 3,200 134.0 143.0 141.0 462,300 451,200 OK 1/ : 190 240 140.0 120.0 120.0 26,600 28,800 OR 1/ : 22 28 195.0 180.0 180.0 4,290 5,040 PA : 985 1,050 99.0 105.0 108.0 97,515 113,400 RI 2/ : SC : 335 275 97.0 40.0 40.0 32,495 11,000 SD : 3,400 3,850 98.0 106.0 110.0 333,200 423,500 TN : 650 690 102.0 105.0 100.0 66,300 69,000 TX : 1,800 1,850 138.0 95.0 95.0 248,400 175,750 UT 1/ : 23 24 135.0 133.0 133.0 3,105 3,192 VT 2/ : VA : 325 360 93.0 90.0 90.0 30,225 32,400 WA 1/ : 95 95 190.0 185.0 185.0 18,050 17,575 WV 1/ : 37 40 95.0 105.0 105.0 3,515 4,200 WI : 3,050 2,900 132.0 130.0 132.0 402,600 382,800 WY 1/ : 57 60 135.0 124.0 124.0 7,695 7,440 : US : 73,720 73,789 127.0 132.0 132.0 9,365,574 9,743,399 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ Not estimated. Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AL 1/ : 8 6 50.0 40.0 40.0 400 240 AR : 150 130 74.0 62.0 57.0 11,100 7,410 CO : 140 150 40.0 48.0 48.0 5,600 7,200 GA 1/ : 40 30 40.0 37.0 37.0 1,600 1,110 IL : 155 145 91.0 88.0 88.0 14,105 12,760 KS : 3,500 3,300 78.0 77.0 77.0 273,000 254,100 KY 1/ : 12 17 75.0 83.0 83.0 900 1,411 LA : 98 100 77.0 65.0 60.0 7,546 6,000 MS : 33 28 75.0 65.0 60.0 2,475 1,680 MO : 440 340 93.0 85.0 85.0 40,920 28,900 NE : 750 700 82.0 98.0 98.0 61,500 68,600 NM : 235 80 44.0 60.0 50.0 10,340 4,000 NC 1/ : 11 14 50.0 60.0 60.0 550 840 OK : 490 350 50.0 50.0 45.0 24,500 15,750 SC 1/ : 4 3 40.0 35.0 35.0 160 105 SD : 160 125 71.0 65.0 68.0 11,360 8,500 TN 1/ : 15 20 80.0 75.0 75.0 1,200 1,500 TX : 3,150 2,300 59.0 46.0 44.0 185,850 101,200 : US : 9,391 7,838 69.5 67.5 66.5 653,106 521,306 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Rice: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --------- Pounds -------- ---- 1,000 Cwt --- : AR : 1,370 1,525 5,650 5,600 5,750 77,370 87,688 CA : 510 478 8,300 7,800 7,400 42,341 35,372 LA : 548 588 4,630 4,450 4,450 25,364 26,166 MS : 238 218 5,800 5,400 5,400 13,804 11,772 MO 1/ : 109 124 5,300 5,100 5,100 5,777 6,324 TX : 259 254 5,500 5,600 5,600 14,240 14,224 : US : 3,034 3,187 5,896 5,685 5,696 178,896 181,546 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Rice: Production by Class, United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Year : Long Grain : Medium Grain : Short Grain : All : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cwt : 1996 : 113,351 56,901 1,069 171,321 1997 : 121,647 55,833 1,416 178,896 1998 1/ : 133,209 46,694 1,643 181,546 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Indicated October 1, 1998, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data become available through the growing season. Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL : 385 320 25.0 25.0 24.0 9,625 7,680 AR : 3,550 3,350 30.5 28.0 27.0 108,275 90,450 DE : 219 215 29.0 26.0 26.0 6,351 5,590 FL 1/ : 38 35 26.0 23.0 23.0 988 805 GA : 410 290 21.0 22.0 21.0 8,610 6,090 IL : 9,950 10,650 43.0 48.0 45.0 427,850 479,250 IN : 5,300 5,600 43.5 45.0 42.0 230,550 235,200 IA : 10,400 10,450 46.0 50.0 46.0 478,400 480,700 KS : 2,400 2,500 37.0 36.0 34.0 88,800 85,000 KY : 1,280 1,230 34.5 35.0 31.0 44,160 38,130 LA : 1,350 1,100 29.0 22.0 22.0 39,150 24,200 MD : 525 460 28.0 26.0 26.0 14,700 11,960 MI : 1,890 1,890 38.5 36.0 37.0 72,765 69,930 MN : 6,600 6,900 39.0 40.0 41.0 257,400 282,900 MS : 2,070 1,950 31.0 27.0 26.0 64,170 50,700 MO : 4,850 5,100 36.0 38.0 36.0 174,600 183,600 NE : 3,450 3,750 40.5 49.0 44.0 139,725 165,000 NJ 1/ : 132 118 30.0 30.0 30.0 3,960 3,540 NY 2/ : 97 37.0 37.0 3,589 NC : 1,330 1,425 29.0 26.0 25.0 38,570 35,625 ND : 1,190 1,690 29.0 27.0 31.0 34,510 52,390 OH : 4,390 4,490 44.0 44.0 41.0 193,160 184,090 OK 1/ : 320 380 30.0 23.0 23.0 9,600 8,740 PA 1/ : 365 390 39.0 40.0 40.0 14,235 15,600 SC : 610 540 22.0 19.0 19.0 13,420 10,260 SD : 3,450 3,550 35.0 38.0 38.0 120,750 134,900 TN : 1,280 1,200 34.0 35.0 30.0 43,520 36,000 TX : 400 370 28.0 25.0 22.0 11,200 8,140 VA : 490 480 23.0 22.0 22.0 11,270 10,560 WI : 960 1,050 44.0 44.0 46.0 42,240 48,300 : US : 69,584 71,570 38.8 40.6 38.7 2,702,554 2,768,919 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ NY included beginning with the 1998 crop year. Sunflower: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Varietal : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Type & :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds ------- : Oil : CO : 47 73 1,200 63,800 56,400 KS : 185 176 1,200 315,100 222,000 MN : 67 87 1,100 126,100 73,700 NE : 24 34 1,150 28,600 27,600 ND : 1,100 1,450 1,330 1,335,000 1,463,000 SD : 795 880 1,470 962,160 1,168,650 TX : 22 16 1,000 7,200 22,000 : Oth : Sts : 34 32 1,209 34,441 41,106 : US 1/ : 2,274 2,748 1,352 2,872,401 3,074,456 : Non-Oil : CO : 33 37 900 63,000 29,700 KS : 28 19 900 39,150 25,200 MN : 27 38 1,000 58,560 27,000 NE : 29 19 1,080 19,800 31,320 ND : 310 340 1,290 398,750 399,900 SD : 72 48 1,390 94,050 100,080 TX : 63 43 900 25,000 56,700 : Oth : Sts : 16 15 1,192 15,904 19,072 : US 1/ : 578 559 1,192 714,214 688,972 : All : CO : 80 110 1,076 1,200 126,800 86,100 132,000 KS : 213 195 1,161 1,350 354,250 247,200 263,250 MN : 94 125 1,071 1,050 184,660 100,700 131,250 NE : 53 53 1,112 1,070 48,400 58,920 56,710 ND : 1,410 1,790 1,321 1,420 1,733,750 1,862,900 2,541,800 SD : 867 928 1,463 1,500 1,056,210 1,268,730 1,392,000 TX : 85 59 926 900 32,200 78,700 53,100 : Oth : Sts : 50 47 1,204 1,250 50,345 60,178 58,750 : US 1/ : 2,852 3,307 1,320 1,400 3,586,615 3,763,428 4,628,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates include all States except AK and HI. Sunflower: Area Planted by Varietal Type, State and United States, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Varietal Type State :----------------------------------------------------------- : Oil : Non-Oil : All -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 50 35 85 KS : 190 30 220 MN : 70 30 100 NE : 25 30 55 ND : 1,150 320 1,470 SD : 800 75 875 TX : 23 65 88 : Oth Sts : 38 18 56 : US : 2,346 603 2,949 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peanuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 1998 : : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- --------- Pounds -------- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : AL : 193.0 196.0 1,930 2,000 2,000 372,490 392,000 FL : 84.0 81.0 2,715 2,400 2,200 228,060 178,200 GA : 519.0 533.0 2,570 2,500 2,500 1,333,830 1,332,500 NM : 17.3 20.0 2,700 2,500 2,500 46,710 50,000 NC : 121.0 125.0 2,720 2,850 3,000 329,120 375,000 OK : 77.0 75.0 2,400 2,200 2,200 184,800 165,000 SC : 10.5 10.5 2,900 2,100 1,900 30,450 19,950 TX : 315.0 360.0 2,610 2,550 2,500 822,150 900,000 VA : 74.0 75.0 2,560 2,650 2,650 189,440 198,750 : US : 1,410.8 1,475.5 2,507 2,459 2,448 3,537,050 3,611,400 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts. Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ Type :---------------------------------------------------------------------- and : : : : 1998 : : State : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 :-------------------: 1997 : 1998 : : : : Sep 1 : Oct 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :--- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Pounds -------- 1,000 Bales 2/ : Upland : AL : 442.0 455.0 597 600 575 550.0 545.0 AZ : 324.0 249.0 1,255 1,157 1,137 847.0 590.0 AR : 940.0 855.0 859 646 646 1,683.0 1,150.0 CA : 875.0 650.0 1,202 997 923 2,191.0 1,250.0 FL 3/ : 99.0 80.0 577 498 498 119.1 83.0 GA : 1,425.0 1,300.0 646 572 554 1,919.0 1,500.0 KS 3/ : 10.0 14.0 418 501 501 8.7 14.6 LA : 625.0 540.0 757 640 596 986.0 670.0 MS : 970.0 915.0 901 787 787 1,821.0 1,500.0 MO : 375.0 330.0 723 625 567 565.0 390.0 NM 3/ : 66.0 59.0 676 781 781 93.0 96.0 NC : 665.0 695.0 671 640 640 930.0 927.0 OK : 190.0 100.0 462 480 480 183.0 100.0 SC : 285.0 280.0 691 540 540 410.0 315.0 TN : 480.0 445.0 662 593 593 662.0 550.0 TX : 5,150.0 3,050.0 479 436 472 5,140.0 3,000.0 VA 3/ : 100.0 91.0 659 770 770 137.2 146.0 : US :13,021.0 10,108.0 673 607 609 18,245.0 12,826.6 : Amer-Pima: AZ : 22.0 15.0 912 832 768 41.8 24.0 CA : 184.0 184.0 1,141 939 939 437.2 360.0 NM : 11.0 10.5 641 731 800 14.7 17.5 TX : 32.0 37.0 815 778 778 54.3 60.0 : US : 249.0 246.5 1,056 900 899 548.0 461.5 : All : AL : 442.0 455.0 597 600 575 550.0 545.0 AZ : 346.0 264.0 1,233 1,138 1,116 888.8 614.0 AR : 940.0 855.0 859 646 646 1,683.0 1,150.0 CA : 1,059.0 834.0 1,191 984 927 2,628.2 1,610.0 FL 3/ : 99.0 80.0 577 498 498 119.1 83.0 GA : 1,425.0 1,300.0 646 572 554 1,919.0 1,500.0 KS 3/ : 10.0 14.0 418 501 501 8.7 14.6 LA : 625.0 540.0 757 640 596 986.0 670.0 MS : 970.0 915.0 901 787 787 1,821.0 1,500.0 MO : 375.0 330.0 723 625 567 565.0 390.0 NM : 77.0 69.5 671 774 784 107.7 113.5 NC : 665.0 695.0 671 640 640 930.0 927.0 OK : 190.0 100.0 462 480 480 183.0 100.0 SC : 285.0 280.0 691 540 540 410.0 315.0 TN : 480.0 445.0 662 593 593 662.0 550.0 TX : 5,182.0 3,087.0 481 440 476 5,194.3 3,060.0 VA 3/ : 100.0 91.0 659 770 770 137.2 146.0 : US :13,270.0 10,354.5 680 614 616 18,793.0 13,288.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-Lb. net weight bales. 3/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. Cottonseed: Production, United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : US : 7,143.5 6,934.6 4,984.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. All Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : AL : 750 720 2.10 2.00 1,752 1,575 1,440 AZ : 220 250 7.45 7.26 1,347 1,640 1,816 AR : 1,175 1,050 2.02 1.92 2,310 2,370 2,013 CA : 1,500 1,540 5.74 5.57 8,008 8,616 8,572 CO : 1,430 1,370 3.07 3.34 4,054 4,388 4,578 CT : 72 73 1.57 1.73 162 113 126 DE : 15 16 3.20 3.44 64 48 55 FL : 230 270 2.60 2.00 624 598 540 GA : 600 600 2.60 2.30 1,680 1,560 1,380 ID : 1,320 1,430 3.90 3.82 4,760 5,148 5,466 IL : 1,020 1,000 3.29 3.44 3,040 3,354 3,440 IN : 725 725 3.22 3.12 2,020 2,333 2,265 IA : 1,650 1,600 3.15 3.50 5,310 5,190 5,600 KS : 2,700 2,850 2.53 2.60 7,010 6,840 7,410 KY : 2,300 2,500 2.43 2.40 5,700 5,590 5,990 LA : 320 330 2.60 2.20 837 832 726 ME : 162 175 1.70 1.89 336 276 331 MD : 190 204 2.49 2.90 698 474 591 MA : 101 103 1.66 2.00 190 168 206 MI : 1,250 1,300 3.01 2.87 4,190 3,760 3,730 MN : 2,375 2,350 2.73 2.86 5,998 6,488 6,710 MS : 720 650 2.50 2.40 2,000 1,800 1,560 MO : 3,480 3,680 2.07 2.14 6,920 7,194 7,864 MT : 2,600 2,250 2.11 2.10 4,920 5,480 4,725 NE : 3,200 3,300 2.03 2.34 7,455 6,505 7,720 NV : 490 485 3.07 2.96 1,505 1,505 1,437 NH : 53 49 1.68 1.94 117 89 95 NJ : 120 115 2.35 2.38 269 282 274 NM : 355 350 4.74 4.37 1,577 1,682 1,529 NY : 1,500 1,450 2.26 2.60 3,468 3,384 3,769 NC : 530 550 2.22 2.03 1,145 1,178 1,114 ND : 3,150 2,700 1.31 1.91 4,825 4,130 5,160 OH : 1,250 1,330 3.08 3.02 3,400 3,850 4,011 OK : 2,490 2,250 2.03 1.53 5,045 5,052 3,450 OR : 1,045 1,000 3.23 3.21 3,244 3,374 3,214 PA : 1,870 1,900 2.01 2.24 4,585 3,767 4,260 RI : 7 9 2.00 2.11 21 14 19 SC : 300 320 2.00 1.80 560 600 576 SD : 4,300 4,000 1.88 2.03 8,200 8,090 8,130 TN : 1,740 1,780 2.13 2.12 3,811 3,702 3,777 TX : 4,400 4,000 2.45 1.75 7,815 10,790 6,980 UT : 700 710 3.84 3.76 2,516 2,685 2,669 VT : 270 275 1.97 1.87 507 533 515 VA : 1,240 1,260 1.82 2.15 2,998 2,251 2,712 WA : 780 760 4.19 4.18 3,140 3,270 3,179 WV : 560 560 1.89 1.98 1,066 1,056 1,108 WI : 2,300 2,400 2.57 2.71 6,050 5,900 6,510 WY : 1,260 1,230 2.06 1.96 2,208 2,596 2,412 : US : 60,815 59,819 2.50 2.54 149,457 152,120 151,754 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : AZ : 180 205 8.20 8.00 1,280 1,476 1,640 AR 1/ : 25 25 2.80 2.60 60 70 65 CA : 980 1,040 7.20 6.80 6,580 7,056 7,072 CO : 820 810 3.90 4.20 3,010 3,198 3,402 CT 1/ : 12 10 2.40 1.90 38 29 19 DE 1/ : 7 7 3.40 3.70 32 24 26 ID : 1,020 1,130 4.40 4.20 4,200 4,488 4,746 IL : 630 650 3.90 4.00 2,160 2,457 2,600 IN : 400 375 3.80 3.80 1,360 1,520 1,425 IA : 1,200 1,200 3.50 4.00 4,320 4,200 4,800 KS : 900 950 4.00 4.40 3,440 3,600 4,180 KY : 300 300 3.30 3.10 1,080 990 930 ME 1/ : 7 5 1.70 1.50 30 12 8 MD 1/ : 40 54 3.60 4.00 282 144 216 MA 1/ : 16 13 2.50 2.00 30 40 26 MI : 900 900 3.40 3.30 3,420 3,060 2,970 MN : 1,475 1,550 3.30 3.40 4,573 4,868 5,270 MO : 480 480 2.80 3.05 1,320 1,344 1,464 MT : 1,650 1,500 2.40 2.30 3,570 3,960 3,450 NE : 1,300 1,400 3.25 3.75 5,180 4,225 5,250 NV : 240 245 4.50 4.20 1,080 1,080 1,029 NH 1/ : 8 5 1.90 2.20 23 15 11 NJ 1/ : 25 25 2.90 3.40 88 73 85 NM : 265 270 5.70 5.10 1,377 1,511 1,377 NY : 640 620 2.60 3.00 1,728 1,664 1,860 NC 1/ : 15 20 3.00 2.70 42 45 54 ND : 1,750 1,500 1.40 2.00 3,145 2,450 3,000 OH : 600 490 3.60 3.90 2,100 2,160 1,911 OK : 390 350 3.80 2.80 1,365 1,482 980 OR : 430 410 4.70 4.60 2,024 2,021 1,886 PA : 740 700 2.80 3.00 2,325 2,072 2,100 RI 1/ : 3 3 1.70 2.30 6 5 7 SD : 2,300 2,300 2.30 2.50 5,500 5,290 5,750 TN 1/ : 40 30 3.30 3.40 136 132 102 TX : 100 100 4.70 3.50 675 470 350 UT : 545 545 4.30 4.20 2,180 2,344 2,289 VT 1/ : 50 40 2.30 1.70 137 115 68 VA 1/ : 130 120 2.80 3.60 468 364 432 WA : 480 490 5.00 5.00 2,303 2,400 2,450 WV 1/ : 40 40 3.00 3.00 112 120 120 WI : 1,900 1,900 2.60 2.90 5,250 4,940 5,510 WY : 640 630 2.70 2.40 1,488 1,728 1,512 : US : 23,673 23,437 3.35 3.52 79,517 79,242 82,442 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. All Other Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : AL 1/ : 750 720 2.10 2.00 1,752 1,575 1,440 AZ 2/ : 40 45 4.10 3.90 67 164 176 AR : 1,150 1,025 2.00 1.90 2,250 2,300 1,948 CA : 520 500 3.00 3.00 1,428 1,560 1,500 CO : 610 560 1.95 2.10 1,044 1,190 1,176 CT 2/ : 60 63 1.40 1.70 124 84 107 DE 2/ : 8 9 3.00 3.20 32 24 29 FL 1/ : 230 270 2.60 2.00 624 598 540 GA 1/ : 600 600 2.60 2.30 1,680 1,560 1,380 ID : 300 300 2.20 2.40 560 660 720 IL : 390 350 2.30 2.40 880 897 840 IN : 325 350 2.50 2.40 660 813 840 IA : 450 400 2.20 2.00 990 990 800 KS : 1,800 1,900 1.80 1.70 3,570 3,240 3,230 KY : 2,000 2,200 2.30 2.30 4,620 4,600 5,060 LA 1/ : 320 330 2.60 2.20 837 832 726 ME 2/ : 155 170 1.70 1.90 306 264 323 MD 2/ : 150 150 2.20 2.50 416 330 375 MA 2/ : 85 90 1.50 2.00 160 128 180 MI : 350 400 2.00 1.90 770 700 760 MN : 900 800 1.80 1.80 1,425 1,620 1,440 MS 1/ : 720 650 2.50 2.40 2,000 1,800 1,560 MO : 3,000 3,200 1.95 2.00 5,600 5,850 6,400 MT : 950 750 1.60 1.70 1,350 1,520 1,275 NE : 1,900 1,900 1.20 1.30 2,275 2,280 2,470 NV 2/ : 250 240 1.70 1.70 425 425 408 NH 2/ : 45 44 1.65 1.90 94 74 84 NJ 2/ : 95 90 2.20 2.10 181 209 189 NM 2/ : 90 80 1.90 1.90 200 171 152 NY : 860 830 2.00 2.30 1,740 1,720 1,909 NC : 515 530 2.20 2.00 1,103 1,133 1,060 ND : 1,400 1,200 1.20 1.80 1,680 1,680 2,160 OH : 650 840 2.60 2.50 1,300 1,690 2,100 OK : 2,100 1,900 1.70 1.30 3,680 3,570 2,470 OR : 615 590 2.20 2.25 1,220 1,353 1,328 PA : 1,130 1,200 1.50 1.80 2,260 1,695 2,160 RI 2/ : 4 6 2.20 2.00 15 9 12 SC 1/ : 300 320 2.00 1.80 560 600 576 SD : 2,000 1,700 1.40 1.40 2,700 2,800 2,380 TN : 1,700 1,750 2.10 2.10 3,675 3,570 3,675 TX : 4,300 3,900 2.40 1.70 7,140 10,320 6,630 UT 2/ : 155 165 2.20 2.30 336 341 380 VT 2/ : 220 235 1.90 1.90 370 418 447 VA : 1,110 1,140 1.70 2.00 2,530 1,887 2,280 WA : 300 270 2.90 2.70 837 870 729 WV : 520 520 1.80 1.90 954 936 988 WI : 400 500 2.40 2.00 800 960 1,000 WY : 620 600 1.40 1.50 720 868 900 : US : 37,142 36,382 1.96 1.91 69,940 72,878 69,312 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes alfalfa hay. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Dry Edible Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Pounds --- --------- 1,000 Cwt -------- : CA : 132.0 105.0 2,250 2,100 2,325 2,970 2,200 CO : 120.0 160.0 1,900 1,900 2,250 2,280 3,040 ID : 103.0 103.0 2,150 2,050 1,907 2,215 2,112 KS : 20.0 19.0 1,900 1,900 444 380 361 MI : 305.0 290.0 1,650 1,500 4,640 5,033 4,350 MN : 155.0 175.0 1,550 1,450 2,418 2,403 2,538 MT 2/ : 11.7 12.0 2,200 2,200 235 257 264 NE : 180.0 185.0 2,060 1,950 3,705 3,708 3,608 NM 2/ : 12.0 10.5 1,700 1,900 264 204 200 NY : 39.5 30.0 1,560 1,500 377 617 450 ND : 530.0 700.0 1,300 1,400 7,524 6,890 9,800 OR 2/ : 10.9 8.5 2,060 1,910 158 224 162 TX : 14.0 13.0 1,020 1,000 84 143 130 UT 2/ : 5.6 5.7 700 540 10 39 31 WA : 38.0 40.0 2,240 2,100 710 850 840 WI 2/ : 8.5 8.2 1,800 1,500 144 153 123 WY : 35.0 41.0 2,260 2,100 765 790 861 : US : 1,720.2 1,905.9 1,695 1,630 27,960 29,156 31,070 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes beans grown for garden seed. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Lentils: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 61.0 55.0 60.0 53.0 WA : 77.0 62.0 77.0 62.0 : Oth Sts 1/ : 43.0 42.0 35.0 40.5 : US : 181.0 159.0 172.0 155.5 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ----------- 1,000 Cwt ----------- : ID : 1,500 1,100 440 900 583 WA : 1,460 1,350 682 1,124 837 : Oth Sts 1/ : 1,050 1,130 211 367 457 : US : 1,390 1,207 1,333 2,391 1,877 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ MT and ND. Dry Edible Peas: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 75.0 69.0 74.0 67.0 WA : 116.0 108.0 116.0 108.0 : Oth Sts 2/ : 102.6 146.4 86.6 134.1 : US : 293.6 323.4 276.6 309.1 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ----------- 1,000 Cwt ----------- : ID : 2,100 1,700 590 1,554 1,139 WA : 2,230 2,100 1,404 2,587 2,268 : Oth Sts 2/ : 1,930 1,830 677 1,675 2,451 : US : 2,103 1,895 2,671 5,816 5,858 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes both wrinkled seed peas and Austrian winter peas. 2/ MT, NV, ND, and OR. Austrian Winter Peas: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : ID : 7.5 8.0 7.2 7.0 OR : 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.4 : US : 8.1 9.0 7.6 7.4 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Pounds ----- ---------- 1,000 Cwt ---------- : ID : 1,500 1,400 98 108 98 OR : 1,750 1,500 5 7 6 : US : 1,513 1,405 103 115 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CA : 6.6 7.0 6.6 7.0 FL : 9.0 8.5 8.8 8.0 : US : 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.0 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- Cwt -------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ------ : CA : 240 220 1,584 1,540 FL : 175 180 1,540 1,440 : US : 203 199 3,124 2,980 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : CT : 2,270 2,650 1,586 1,680 3,795 3,600 4,452 FL : 7,300 6,500 2,610 2,600 20,100 19,053 16,900 GA : 43,000 42,000 2,075 2,100 113,620 89,225 88,200 IN : 8,900 8,500 2,100 2,020 14,972 18,690 17,170 KY : 230,500 236,400 2,162 2,030 395,542 498,328 479,825 MD : 8,000 7,500 1,500 1,450 10,000 12,000 10,875 MA : 1,200 1,215 1,731 1,481 1,212 2,077 1,800 MO 1/ : 3,000 2,800 2,345 2,300 6,021 7,035 6,440 NC : 317,400 264,600 2,304 2,102 585,542 731,419 556,090 OH : 11,400 9,800 1,956 1,790 12,640 22,300 17,542 PA : 7,600 7,200 2,021 1,986 15,464 15,360 14,301 SC : 54,000 45,000 2,340 2,200 117,810 126,360 99,000 TN : 59,480 63,580 1,922 1,936 109,888 114,292 123,118 VA : 53,080 47,680 2,215 2,155 103,543 117,576 102,772 WV 1/ : 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,500 2,040 3,060 2,700 WI : 2,550 2,300 2,231 2,009 5,162 5,690 4,620 : US : 811,480 749,525 2,201 2,062 1,517,351 1,786,065 1,545,805 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 90,000 74,000 2,025 2,100 182,250 155,400 VA : 41,000 35,000 2,315 2,200 94,915 77,000 US : 131,000 109,000 2,116 2,132 277,165 232,400 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 179,000 150,000 2,445 2,150 437,655 322,500 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 40,000 32,000 2,455 2,000 98,200 64,000 SC : 54,000 45,000 2,340 2,200 126,360 99,000 US : 94,000 77,000 2,389 2,117 224,560 163,000 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 7,300 6,500 2,610 2,600 19,053 16,900 GA : 43,000 42,000 2,075 2,100 89,225 88,200 US : 50,300 48,500 2,153 2,167 108,278 105,100 Total 11-14 : 454,300 384,500 2,306 2,140 1,047,658 823,000 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,200 1,600 1,640 1,600 1,968 2,560 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 3,750 3,800 2,560 2,400 9,600 9,120 TN : 7,400 7,400 2,480 2,500 18,352 18,500 US : 11,150 11,200 2,507 2,466 27,952 27,620 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,600 3,700 2,970 3,100 10,692 11,470 TN : 600 600 2,750 2,750 1,650 1,650 US : 4,200 4,300 2,939 3,051 12,342 13,120 Total 21-23 : 16,550 17,100 2,554 2,532 42,262 43,300 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 8,900 8,500 2,100 2,020 18,690 17,170 KY : 220,000 225,000 2,140 2,000 470,800 450,000 MO 1/ : 3,000 2,800 2,345 2,300 7,035 6,440 NC : 8,400 8,600 1,585 1,650 13,314 14,190 OH : 11,400 9,800 1,960 1,790 22,300 17,542 TN : 51,000 55,000 1,830 1,850 93,330 101,750 VA : 10,800 11,000 1,905 2,100 20,574 23,100 WV 1/ : 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,500 3,060 2,700 US : 315,300 322,500 2,059 1,962 649,103 632,892 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 8,000 7,500 1,500 1,450 12,000 10,875 PA : 3,000 2,700 1,900 1,880 5,700 5,076 US : 11,000 10,200 1,609 1,564 17,700 15,951 Total 31-32 : 326,300 332,700 2,044 1,950 666,803 648,843 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1997 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,050 2,500 2,290 2,350 4,695 5,875 TN : 480 580 2,000 2,100 960 1,218 US : 2,530 3,080 2,235 2,303 5,655 7,093 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,100 1,400 2,310 2,400 2,541 3,360 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 80 80 1,488 1,400 119 112 Total 35-37 : 3,710 4,560 2,241 2,317 8,315 10,565 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 4,600 4,500 2,100 2,050 9,660 9,225 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 1,230 1,325 1,730 1,800 2,128 2,385 MA : 780 875 1,850 1,540 1,443 1,348 US : 2,010 2,200 1,777 1,697 3,571 3,733 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 1,800 1,600 2,330 2,100 4,194 3,360 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 750 700 1,995 1,800 1,496 1,260 Total 54-55 : 2,550 2,300 2,231 2,009 5,690 4,620 Total 51-55 : 4,560 4,500 2,031 1,856 9,261 8,353 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 1,040 1,325 1,415 1,560 1,472 2,067 MA : 420 340 1,510 1,330 634 452 US : 1,460 1,665 1,442 1,513 2,106 2,519 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 10,620 10,665 1,980 1,884 21,027 20,097 : All Tobacco : 811,480 749,525 2,201 2,062 1,786,065 1,545,805 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- : CA : 99.0 101.0 30.0 29.0 2,419 2,970 2,929 CO : 66.4 59.8 19.7 21.7 1,032 1,308 1,298 ID : 197.0 203.0 26.4 25.3 4,563 5,210 5,136 MI : 160.0 174.0 19.0 16.5 1,963 3,040 2,871 MN : 446.0 462.0 18.5 20.3 7,971 8,251 9,379 MT : 58.3 63.0 21.0 21.6 1,300 1,224 1,361 NE : 60.3 45.9 16.8 19.5 913 1,013 895 NM : 1.6 30.6 27 49 ND : 227.5 240.0 18.5 20.5 4,213 4,205 4,920 OH : 0.9 1.0 19.0 17.0 86 17 17 OR : 17.4 17.5 28.4 24.4 416 494 427 TX : 15.0 18.0 242 270 WA : 18.0 36.5 33.1 33.5 461 595 1,223 WY : 60.9 53.5 20.4 19.5 1,074 1,240 1,043 : US : 1,428.3 1,457.2 20.9 21.6 26,680 29,886 31,499 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : FL : 440.0 448.0 36.9 36.0 14,498 16,236 16,129 HI : 34.2 34.0 88.0 82.0 3,639 3,009 2,788 LA : 410.0 420.0 28.2 27.0 10,323 11,546 11,340 TX : 29.8 32.0 30.3 29.8 1,002 902 955 : US : 914.0 934.0 34.7 33.4 29,462 31,693 31,212 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net tons. Grapes: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Grapes (Table Type) 1/ : CA : 592,000 825,000 750,000 Grapes (Wine Type) 1/ : CA : 2,225,000 2,940,000 2,600,000 Grapes (Raisin Type) 2/ : CA : 2,192,000 2,877,000 2,100,000 : All Grapes : AZ 1/ : 25,000 23,000 24,000 AR 1/ : 9,000 8,000 10,000 CA 1/ : 5,009,000 6,642,000 5,450,000 GA 1/ : 3,500 3,700 4,000 MI : 65,000 61,000 74,000 MO 1/ : 2,000 1,900 3,300 NY : 189,000 139,000 120,000 NC 1/ : 1,200 900 1,500 OH 1/ : 8,000 6,900 7,700 OR 1/ : 15,000 18,500 20,000 PA : 83,000 58,000 52,000 SC 1/ : 600 500 350 WA : 144,000 319,000 235,000 : US : 5,554,300 7,282,400 6,001,850 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 2/ Fresh basis. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-97, 1997-98 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :---------------------------------------------------------- : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1996-97 : 1997-98 :1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ : 400 350 400 15 13 15 CA 4/ : 40,000 44,000 34,000 1,500 1,650 1,275 FL : 134,200 140,000 112,000 6,039 6,300 5,040 TX : 1,300 1,350 1,300 55 57 55 US : 175,900 185,700 147,700 7,609 8,020 6,385 Valencia : AZ : 600 650 600 23 25 23 CA : 24,000 30,000 28,000 900 1,125 1,050 FL : 92,000 104,000 78,000 4,140 4,680 3,510 TX : 120 175 140 5 7 6 US : 116,720 134,825 106,740 5,068 5,837 4,589 All : AZ : 1,000 1,000 1,000 38 38 38 CA : 64,000 74,000 62,000 2,400 2,775 2,325 FL : 226,200 244,000 190,000 10,179 10,980 8,550 TX : 1,420 1,525 1,440 60 64 61 US : 292,620 320,525 254,440 12,677 13,857 10,974 Temples : FL : 2,400 2,250 2,000 108 101 90 Grapefruit : White Seedless 5/ : FL : 23,500 18,300 18,000 999 777 765 Colored Seedless 6/: FL : 31,400 30,600 31,500 1,334 1,301 1,339 Other : FL : 900 650 500 38 28 21 All : AZ : 900 800 700 30 27 23 CA : 8,200 9,000 8,400 275 301 281 FL 5/ 6/ : 55,800 49,550 50,000 2,371 2,106 2,125 TX : 5,300 4,800 5,000 212 192 200 US : 70,200 64,150 64,100 2,888 2,626 2,629 Tangerines : AZ 7/ : 550 600 650 21 23 24 CA 7/ : 2,600 2,400 2,500 98 90 94 FL : 6,300 5,200 4,200 299 247 200 US : 9,450 8,200 7,350 418 360 318 Lemons : AZ : 2,600 2,600 2,700 99 99 103 CA : 22,600 22,000 21,000 859 836 798 US : 25,200 24,600 23,700 958 935 901 Tangelos : FL : 3,950 2,850 2,500 178 128 113 K-Early Citrus : FL : 150 40 60 7 2 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6/ Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in both 1995-96 and 1996-97 and 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Apples, Commercial: Total Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AZ 2/ : 100.0 45.0 46.0 AR 2/ : 7.0 9.0 6.0 CA 2/ : 950.0 962.0 915.0 CO 2/ : 25.0 35.0 80.0 CT 2/ : 20.0 25.0 20.0 DE 3/ : 15.0 GA 2/ : 22.0 26.0 24.0 ID 2/ : 190.0 110.0 190.0 IL 2/ : 53.0 74.0 50.0 IN 2/ : 48.0 50.0 54.0 IA 2/ : 9.5 11.1 8.5 KS 2/ : 2.0 10.0 6.0 KY 2/ : 15.0 14.0 17.0 ME 2/ : 67.0 64.0 47.0 MD 2/ : 29.0 35.0 36.0 MA 2/ : 58.0 63.5 30.0 MI : 700.0 1,050.0 1,020.0 MN 2/ : 21.0 22.0 22.0 MO 2/ : 32.0 42.0 35.0 NH 2/ : 38.0 40.0 21.0 NJ 2/ : 60.0 65.0 55.0 NM 4/ : 5.0 9.0 NY : 1,030.0 1,120.0 1,010.0 NC : 200.0 152.0 175.0 OH 2/ : 90.0 65.0 80.0 OR 2/ : 156.0 160.0 180.0 PA : 391.0 535.0 412.0 RI 2/ : 6.0 6.5 4.5 SC 2/ : 30.0 55.0 45.0 TN 2/ : 11.0 10.0 12.0 UT 2/ : 48.0 40.0 47.0 VT 2/ : 37.5 40.0 30.0 VA : 275.0 270.0 305.0 WA : 5,500.0 5,000.0 6,000.0 WV : 105.0 115.0 105.0 WI 2/ : 46.0 56.0 65.9 : US : 10,392.0 10,386.1 11,153.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 1997. 4/ Forecast discontinued. Pecans: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds Improved Varieties 1/ : AL : 9,000 7,000 4,000 AZ : 17,000 17,500 17,500 AR 2/ : 800 1,600 500 CA 2/ : 1,300 2,500 1,600 FL 2/ : 500 600 600 GA : 86,000 81,000 50,000 LA : 2,000 2,000 3,000 MS 2/ : 1,300 2,600 1,800 NM : 22,000 43,000 28,000 NC 2/ : 425 900 1,400 OK : 500 3,000 1,500 SC 2/ : 1,800 2,600 500 TX : 30,000 40,000 30,000 US : 172,625 204,300 140,400 : Native & Seedling : AL : 5,000 6,000 3,000 AR : 400 3,000 200 FL 2/ : 1,400 1,200 900 GA : 14,000 24,000 10,000 KS 2/ : 200 4,200 200 LA : 14,000 10,000 10,000 MS 2/ : 1,300 1,400 700 NC 2/ : 375 600 1,100 OK : 1,500 32,000 6,500 SC 2/ : 700 1,400 200 TX : 10,000 50,000 10,000 US : 48,875 133,800 42,800 : All Pecans : AL : 14,000 13,000 7,000 AZ : 17,000 17,500 17,500 AR 2/ : 1,200 4,600 700 CA 2/ : 1,300 2,500 1,600 FL 2/ : 1,900 1,800 1,500 GA : 100,000 105,000 60,000 KS 2/ : 200 4,200 200 LA : 16,000 12,000 13,000 MS 2/ : 2,600 4,000 2,500 NM : 22,000 43,000 28,000 NC 2/ : 800 1,500 2,500 OK : 2,000 35,000 8,000 SC 2/ : 2,500 4,000 700 TX : 40,000 90,000 40,000 US : 221,500 338,100 183,200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Budded, grafted, or topworked varieties. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Hazelnuts: Utilized Production by State and United States, 1996-97 and Forecasted October 1, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons (In-shell Basis) : OR : 18,400 46,850 16,450 WA 1/ : 100 150 50 : US : 18,500 47,000 16,500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Aug : 5,350 3,645 2,350 2,400 2,705 2,740 Sep : 3,070 3,745 1,955 2,335 2,990 2,590 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn for Grain: Ears per Acre The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 7 corn producing states during 1998. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual field counts from this survey. Corn for Grain: Number of Ears per Acre, Selected States, 1994-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Month: 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number of Ears : : IL : Oct : 22,650 22,900 23,700 23,500 24,300 : Nov : 22,600 22,850 23,600 23,400 : : IN : Oct : 22,150 23,000 22,750 22,150 23,450 : Nov : 22,150 22,950 22,700 22,150 : : IA : Oct : 24,050 24,050 24,350 24,600 24,250 : Nov : 24,000 24,000 24,250 24,550 : : MN : Oct : 26,950 25,750 26,400 26,150 27,550 : Nov : 26,950 25,700 26,450 25,900 : : NE : Oct : 21,200 21,800 22,600 21,900 22,500 : Nov : 21,300 21,700 22,550 21,900 : : OH : Oct : 22,400 22,650 22,300 22,500 24,800 : Nov : 22,500 22,500 22,000 22,300 : : WI : Oct : 24,600 23,600 24,250 24,350 24,500 : Nov : 24,650 23,250 24,650 24,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1997-98 1/ (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 6,910.0 6,456.0 6,425.0 5,984.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 80,227.0 80,798.0 73,720.0 73,789.0 Corn for Silage : 5,758.0 Hay, All : 60,815.0 59,819.0 Alfalfa : 23,673.0 23,437.0 All Other : 37,142.0 36,382.0 Oats : 5,169.0 4,932.0 2,911.0 2,807.0 Rice : 3,056.0 3,215.0 3,034.0 3,187.0 Rye : 1,433.0 1,591.0 341.0 454.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 10,108.0 9,726.0 9,391.0 7,838.0 Sorghum for Silage : 310.0 Wheat, All : 70,989.0 66,185.0 63,577.0 59,112.0 Winter : 48,342.0 46,759.0 41,813.0 40,231.0 Durum : 3,250.0 3,805.0 3,107.0 3,728.0 Other Spring : 19,397.0 15,621.0 18,657.0 15,153.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 728.0 1,133.0 698.0 1,087.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 146.0 335.0 135.0 322.0 Mustard Seed : 74.4 124.0 72.8 121.0 Peanuts 3/ : 1,431.0 1,503.0 1,410.8 1,475.5 Rapeseed : 1.7 2.0 1.5 1.9 Safflower : 249.0 296.0 235.0 282.0 Soybeans for Beans : 70,550.0 72,690.0 69,584.0 71,570.0 Sunflower : 2,949.0 3,420.0 2,852.0 3,307.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 13,808.0 12,865.5 13,270.0 10,354.5 Upland : 13,558.0 12,552.0 13,021.0 10,108.0 Amer-Pima : 250.0 313.5 249.0 246.5 Sugarbeets : 1,459.3 1,495.2 1,428.3 1,457.2 Sugarcane : 914.0 934.0 Tobacco : 811.5 749.5 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 8.1 9.0 7.6 7.4 Dry Edible Beans : 1,851.8 2,024.0 1,720.2 1,905.9 Dry Edible Peas : 293.6 323.4 276.6 309.1 Lentils : 181.0 159.0 172.0 155.5 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 5.6 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.3 0.4 Hops : 43.3 36.6 Peppermint Oil : 136.3 Potatoes, All : 1,380.6 1,401.1 1,345.1 1,374.0 Winter : 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.0 Spring : 88.3 93.2 86.2 89.8 Summer : 68.6 74.4 65.9 70.8 Fall : 1,208.1 1,218.0 1,177.6 1,198.4 Spearmint Oil : 24.5 Sweet Potatoes : 86.7 86.1 83.3 83.2 Taro (HI) 4/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ 1998 area planted revised. 4/ Acreage is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1997-98 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 58.3 59.9 374,478 358,201 Corn for Grain : " : 127.0 132.0 9,365,574 9,743,399 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.0 91,903 Hay, All : " : 2.50 2.54 152,120 151,754 Alfalfa : " : 3.35 3.52 79,242 82,442 All Other : " : 1.96 1.91 72,878 69,312 Oats : Bu : 60.5 60.5 176,104 169,922 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,896 5,696 178,896 181,546 Rye : Bu : 26.1 28.2 8,912 12,815 Sorghum for Grain : " : 69.5 66.5 653,106 521,306 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 12.5 3,885 Wheat, All : Bu : 39.7 43.3 2,526,552 2,557,497 Winter : " : 45.0 46.9 1,882,609 1,887,395 Durum : " : 27.7 37.8 86,193 141,069 Other Spring : " : 29.9 34.9 557,750 529,033 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,310 914,385 Cottonseed : Ton : 6,935 4,984 Flaxseed : Bu : 16.1 2,171 Mustard Seed : Lb : 816 59,405 Peanuts : " : 2,507 2,448 3,537,050 3,611,400 Rapeseed : " : 1,300 1,950 Safflower : " : 1,830 430,050 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 38.8 38.7 2,702,554 2,768,919 Sunflower : Lb : 1,320 1,400 3,763,428 4,628,860 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 680 616 18,793.0 13,288.1 Upland 2/ : " : 673 609 18,245.0 12,826.6 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,056 899 548.0 461.5 Sugarbeets : Ton : 20.9 21.6 29,886 31,499 Sugarcane : " : 34.7 33.4 31,693 31,212 Tobacco : Lb : 2,201 2,062 1,786,065 1,545,805 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,513 1,405 115 104 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,695 1,630 29,156 31,070 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 2,103 1,895 5,816 5,858 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,390 1,207 2,391 1,877 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 682 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,680 9,400 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 44,000 50,000 12,100 18,000 Hops : " : 1,729 1,799 74,872.1 65,913.0 Peppermint Oil : " : 75 10,256 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 346 465,537 Winter : " : 203 199 3,124 2,980 Spring : " : 252 217 21,749 19,455 Summer : " : 271 276 17,875 19,533 Fall : " : 359 422,789 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 98 2,403 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 162 13,512 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 5,500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :----------------------------------------------- : : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,888 2,626 2,629 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 7 2 3 Lemons : " : 958 935 901 Oranges : " : 12,677 13,857 10,974 Tangelos (FL) : " : 178 128 113 Tangerines : " : 418 360 318 Temples (FL) : " : 108 101 90 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : Lb : 10,386.1 11,153.9 Apricots : Ton : 138.0 130.2 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 13,700.0 Grapes : Ton : 7,282.4 6,001.9 Olives (CA) : " : 104.0 95.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 38,800.0 Peaches : " : 2,651.1 2,420.0 Pears : Ton : 1,044.1 918.3 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 214.0 170.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 29.0 28.3 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 757,000 540,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 47.0 16.5 Pecans : Lb : 338,100 183,200 Pistachios (CA) : " : 180,000 195,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 269.0 220.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,298 1,159 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. 2/ Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1997-98 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,796,410 2,612,680 2,600,130 2,421,660 Corn for Grain 2/ :32,467,060 32,698,140 29,833,750 29,861,670 Corn for Silage : 2,330,210 Hay, All 3/ : 24,611,220 Alfalfa : 9,580,230 9,484,720 All Other : 15,031,000 14,723,430 Oats : 2,091,840 1,995,930 1,178,050 1,135,960 Rice : 1,236,730 1,301,080 1,227,830 1,289,750 Rye : 579,920 643,860 138,000 183,730 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 4,090,610 3,936,010 3,800,440 3,171,960 Sorghum for Silage : 125,450 Wheat, All 3/ :28,728,540 26,784,410 25,728,980 23,922,040 Winter :19,563,520 18,922,900 16,921,300 16,281,080 Durum : 1,315,240 1,539,850 1,257,370 1,508,680 Other Spring : 7,849,770 6,321,660 7,550,300 6,132,270 : Oilseeds : Canola : 294,610 458,510 282,470 439,900 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 59,080 135,570 54,630 130,310 Mustard Seed : 30,110 50,180 29,460 48,970 Peanuts : 579,110 608,250 570,940 597,120 Rapeseed : 690 810 610 770 Safflower : 100,770 119,790 95,100 114,120 Soybeans for Beans :28,550,880 29,416,920 28,159,950 28,963,660 Sunflower : 1,193,430 1,384,040 1,154,180 1,338,310 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 5,587,960 5,206,540 5,370,240 4,190,360 Upland : 5,486,790 5,079,670 5,269,470 4,090,610 Amer-Pima : 101,170 126,870 100,770 99,760 Sugarbeets : 590,560 605,090 578,020 589,710 Sugarcane : 369,890 377,980 Tobacco : 328,400 303,330 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 3,280 3,640 3,080 2,990 Dry Edible Beans : 749,400 819,090 696,150 771,300 Dry Edible Peas : 118,820 130,880 111,940 125,090 Lentils : 73,250 64,350 69,610 62,930 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,270 Ginger Root (HI) : 110 150 Hops : 17,520 14,830 Peppermint Oil : 55,160 Potatoes, All 3/ : 558,720 567,010 544,350 556,040 Winter : 6,310 6,270 6,230 6,070 Spring : 35,730 37,720 34,880 36,340 Summer : 27,760 30,110 26,670 28,650 Fall : 488,910 492,910 476,560 484,980 Spearmint Oil : 9,910 Sweet Potatoes : 35,090 34,840 33,710 33,670 Taro (HI) 4/ : 180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1997-98 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.14 3.22 8,153,300 7,798,910 Corn for Grain : 7.97 8.29 237,896,540 247,493,730 Corn for Silage : 35.78 83,373,000 Hay, All 2/ : 5.61 5.69 138,000,940 137,668,910 Alfalfa : 7.50 7.89 71,887,130 74,790,120 All Other : 4.40 4.27 66,113,810 62,878,790 Oats : 2.17 2.17 2,556,140 2,466,410 Rice : 6.61 6.38 8,114,590 8,234,790 Rye : 1.64 1.77 226,380 325,520 Sorghum for Grain : 4.37 4.17 16,589,660 13,241,780 Sorghum for Silage : 28.09 3,524,410 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.67 2.91 68,761,480 69,603,660 Winter : 3.03 3.15 51,236,220 51,366,470 Durum : 1.87 2.54 2,345,790 3,839,270 Other Spring : 2.01 2.35 15,179,470 14,397,920 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.47 414,760 Cottonseed : 6,290,960 4,521,410 Flaxseed : 1.01 55,150 Mustard Seed : 0.91 26,950 Peanuts : 2.81 2.74 1,604,380 1,638,100 Rapeseed : 1.46 880 Safflower : 2.05 195,070 Soybeans for Beans : 2.61 2.60 73,551,470 75,357,630 Sunflower : 1.48 1.57 1,707,060 2,099,620 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.76 0.69 4,091,690 2,893,140 Upland : 0.75 0.68 3,972,380 2,792,660 Amer-Pima : 1.18 1.01 119,310 100,480 Sugarbeets : 46.91 48.46 27,112,120 28,575,410 Sugarcane : 77.73 74.91 28,751,410 28,315,050 Tobacco : 2.47 2.31 810,150 701,170 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.70 1.58 5,220 4,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.90 1.83 1,322,490 1,409,310 Dry Edible Peas : 2.36 2.12 263,810 265,710 Lentils : 1.56 1.35 108,450 85,140 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 30,940 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.88 4,260 Ginger Root (HI) : 49.32 56.04 5,490 8,160 Hops : 1.94 2.02 33,960 29,900 Peppermint Oil : 0.08 4,650 Potatoes, All 2/ : 38.79 21,116,400 Winter : 22.74 22.27 141,700 135,170 Spring : 28.28 24.28 986,520 882,460 Summer : 30.40 30.92 810,800 886,000 Fall : 40.24 19,177,390 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,090 Sweet Potatoes : 18.18 612,890 Taro (HI) 3/ : 2,490 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1998 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,619,950 2,382,270 2,384,990 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 6,350 1,810 2,720 Lemons : 869,080 848,220 817,370 Oranges : 11,500,380 12,570,860 9,955,450 Tangelos (FL) : 161,480 116,120 102,510 Tangerines : 379,200 326,590 288,480 Temples (FL) : 97,980 91,630 81,650 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 4,710 5,060 Apricots : 125,190 118,120 Bananas (HI) : 6,210 Grapes : 6,606,480 5,444,790 Olives (CA) : 94,350 86,180 Papayas (HI) : 17,600 Peaches : 1,200 1,100 Pears : 947,190 833,100 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 194,140 154,220 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 26,310 25,670 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 343,370 244,940 Hazelnuts : 42,640 14,970 Pecans : 153,360 83,100 Pistachios (CA) : 81,650 88,450 Walnuts (CA) : 244,030 199,580 Maple Syrup : 6,490 5,790 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. 2/ Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99. September Weather Summary Warm, dry weather in the Corn Belt pushed corn and soybeans rapidly to maturity and allowed harvesting to proceed at an ahead-of-normal pace. Mostly dry weather also prevailed on the Plains, especially in western areas, slowing winter wheat planting as growers waited for rain. Drought stretched into a seventh month on the southern Plains and a third month in parts of the Ohio Valley and Mid-Atlantic States. Prior to mid-month, Tropical Storm Frances soaked areas from the central and western Gulf Coast northward to the middle Mississippi Valley, but missed major winter wheat areas of the central and southern Plains. Late in the month, scattered showers developed on the eastern Plains, improving topsoil moisture for winter wheat germination. Meanwhile, Hurricane Georges passed just south of the Florida Keys on September 25, slamming into the Mississippi Coast three days later. In western Florida and the southern portions of Georgia and Alabama, the storm's high winds, heavy rain, and resultant flooding halted cotton and peanut harvesting, and adversely affected several crops, including cotton in the open-boll stage of development and pecans. Along the West Coast and in the Southwest, a late-month cool-down held monthly temperature departures below +5 degrees F. Near-normal readings prevailed in California. Farther north and east, however, temperatures ranged from 4 to 9 degrees F above normal across the interior Northwest and throughout the Plains. Corn Belt temperatures were 2 to 7 degrees F above normal, while the Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions experienced readings as much as 5 degrees F above normal. General Crop Comments: Above-normal temperatures across most of the Nation caused crops to ripen ahead of normal in the Corn Belt, Great Plains, Delta, and Southeast. Most of the Great Plains remained dry, allowing fall tillage operations to continue at a good pace, but dry soils forced some growers to delay winter wheat seeding. Dry weather in the Corn Belt and Delta States aided harvest efforts, while rains from tropical storms frequently halted fieldwork along the Gulf Coast and some inland areas of the Southeast. Above-normal temperatures aided crop development in the Southwest for most of the month, but development continued to lag behind the 5-year average. Temperatures cooled near the end of the month in California, but crops continued to ripen and harvest activity gained momentum. Corn development entered the month a week or more ahead of normal and continued to progress rapidly to maturity due to warm weather. Across the northern Corn Belt, progress was nearly 2 weeks ahead of the normal pace. Four percent of the crop was harvested as the month began and approximately a fourth of the crop was harvested by the end of the month. Nearly all of the Nation's soybean crop had progressed to the pod setting stage and 13 percent was dropping leaves as the month began. Dry weather quickly ripened the crop and allowed the harvest to gain momentum near mid-month. The harvest pace accelerated late-month and, by the end of the month, a third or more of the crop had been combined. Cotton also matured quickly, with bolls opening on half of the crop as the month began and more than one-fourth harvested by the end of the month. Tropical storms hampered harvest efforts and damaged cotton along the Gulf Coast. More than a fourth of the rice crop had been harvested as of September 1 and harvest progressed ahead of average in Texas and the Delta States. In California, harvest began late and progressed behind the 5-year average. Peanut harvest started early in Florida, but slowed after tropical storms hit peanut-producing areas along the Gulf coast. Harvest in the major peanut-producing areas of Georgia, Alabama, and the Carolinas was hampered by hard, dry soils early in the month and by heavy rains most of the remainder of the month. Dry weather across the northern Great Plains and Pacific Northwest allowed barley and spring wheat harvest to finish at least 2 weeks early in most areas, and nearly 3 weeks early in some parts of Montana and North Dakota. Early month dry weather also allowed winter wheat seeding to advance, with Washington growers seeding over a third of their crop by the end of the first week. However, seeding progress generally lagged throughout the month, as growers waited for rain to replenish soil moisture. Corn for Grain: Acreage harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 73.8 million acres, unchanged from last month and virtually unchanged from 1997. The October 1 Corn Objective Yield data indicate a record level ear count for the seven objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin) . The previous record ears per acre was set in 1996. As of October 4, 95 percent of the acreage was reported mature in the 17 major States. This compares with 79 percent last year and 80 percent for the 5-year average. Thirty-one percent of the acreage was harvested, compared with 14 percent a year ago and the 5-year average of 16 percent. As of the beginning of October the majority of the Corn Belt remained frost-free. In Iowa, forecasted ear counts are the third highest on record behind the final counts in 1996 and 1997. Virtually all of the corn was mature as of October 4, compared to 94 percent in 1997 and the average of 84 percent. Nineteen percent of the crop was harvested, ahead of 7 percent last year and the average of 9 percent. Forecasted ear counts are at a record high for Illinois when compared to final levels . Ninety-five percent of the corn was mature, compared to 82 percent last year and 87 percent for the average. One-third of the crop was harvested, compared with 12 percent in 1997 and the average of 15 percent. Minnesota ear counts from objective yield data also indicate record high levels. Virtually all of the corn acreage was mature by October 4, compared with 85 percent a year ago and the average of 74 percent. Twenty-nine percent of the crop was harvested, well ahead of 5 percent in 1997 and the average of 7 percent. In Nebraska and Wisconsin, forecasted ear counts are below the record in 1996, but above the 5-year average . Ninety-seven percent of the crop was mature in Nebraska and 95 percent was mature in Wisconsin, both well ahead of last year and the average . Thirty-one percent of the Nebraska acreage was harvested, compared with 10 percent for both last year and the average. In Wisconsin, 17 percent of the corn was harvested, compared with 4 percent in 1997 and the average of 7 percent. Forecasted ear counts in Indiana and Ohio are at record levels . Ninety-five percent of the corn in Indiana was mature, compared to 81 percent in 1997 and the average of 84 percent . Nineteen percent of the Indiana acreage was harvested . In Ohio, 84 percent of the corn was mature, well ahead of 30 percent in 1997 and the average of 57 percent . Fifteen percent of Ohio's crop was harvested, compared with 1 percent last year and the average of 7 percent. Sorghum for Grain: Production is forecast at 521 million bushels, 2 percent lower than the September forecast and 20 percent below the 1997 total. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from September at 7.84 million acres, down 17 percent from the previous year. The U.S. yield is forecast at 66.5 bushels per acre, down 1.0 bushel from last month and 3.0 bushels below 1997. Half of the 12 October estimating States lowered yields from the month earlier. New Mexico showed the largest decrease from September, down 10 bushels per acre. South Dakota, up 3 bushels, was the only State to show an increase. Warm weather in the Great Plains and the southern Corn Belt helped promote the growth and development of the U.S. sorghum crop. As of October 4, 85 percent of the crop was mature in the top 12 producing States, 13 points ahead of normal. Harvest, at 41 percent complete, was five points ahead of the 5-year average. Rice: Rice production is forecast at 182 million cwt, up slightly from September 1 and up 1 percent from 1997. If realized, this would be the third highest production on record. Area harvest is expected to total 3.19 million acres, unchanged from September 1 but 5 percent above last year. The average yield is forecast at 5,696 pounds per acre, up 11 pounds from last month but down 200 pounds from a year ago. Yields increased in Arkansas but declined in California. Yields in all other states remained unchanged from September. As of October 4, Arkansas harvest was 86 percent complete. This is ahead of last year and the 5-year average. California harvest lags 39 points behind last year and 10 points behind the average. Harvests in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas were ahead of the average and last year. Soybeans: Growers expect to harvest 71.6 million acres of soybeans, up 3 percent from 1997 and unchanged from the September 1998 forecast. The soybean crop rapidly developed and ripened during September, as above normal temperatures accelerated maturity well ahead of the 5-year average. As of October 4, the percent of the soybeans dropping leaves had reached 88 percent, 4 percentage points ahead of 1997, and 11 percent above the 5-year average. Crop maturity was most advanced in Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and South Dakota as 96 percent or more of the crop had already dropped leaves. Soybean harvest was also progressing well ahead of normal as of October 4, with 41 percent of the acreage harvested, 8 percentage points ahead of 1997 and 19 points ahead of the average. Harvest was over 50 percent complete in Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississipp, and Ohio. Killing frosts had been reported in areas of North Dakota, Wisconsin, and South Dakota. Other areas of the Corn Belt States were awaiting frost to help speed up the drying process. In many of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic states, the crop conditions did not improve very much during September, as a lack of moisture continued to be a problem in many areas. Much of the rain that was received in the Gulf Coast and Southeastern states was too late to improve conditions in those states. Some flood damage and harvest delays were reported from the hurricanes and tropical storms that hit the Southern States. For most states, pod counts from the October objective yield survey were very high compared to the same period last year. In Illinois and Missouri, pod counts for the October survey period were highest on record. Pod counts were also higher than 1997 in Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, and Ohio, but not at record levels. Sunflower: The first sunflower production forecast for 1998 is 4.63 billion pounds, up 23 percent from 1997 and 29 percent above 1996. Sunflower growers expect to harvest 3.31 million acres, an increase of 16 percent from 1997. The October yield forecast, at 1,400 pounds, is 80 pounds higher than the final 1997 yield. Higher yields are expected in 4 of the 7 major sunflower growing states. As of October 1, growers in Colorado, Kansas, North Dakota, and South Dakota were expecting higher yields this year. Yields in Minnesota, Nebraska, and Texas are expected to be lower. In North Dakota, yield is forecast at 1,420 pounds per acre, up almost 100 pounds above 1997. Sunflower harvest was well underway as of October 4. Harvest in North Dakota was 17 percent complete. Harvest progress in South Dakota and Minnesota was 32 percent and 22 percent complete, respectively. Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.61 billion pounds, down slightly from the September 1 forecast but up 2 percent from 1997's production. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 1.48 millions acres, unchanged from September 1 and 5 percent above 1997. Yields are expected to average 2,448 pounds per acre, down 11 pounds from last month and 59 pounds below 1997. Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) is expected to total 1.92 billion pounds, 1 percent below last month and 2 percent below the 1997 crop. The yield for the 4-State area is expected to average 2,343 pounds per acre, 23 pounds below last month. Sixty-nine percent of Alabama's crop was rated in mostly fair to poor condition in early October. Rain from Hurricane Georges kept farmers out of the fields. As of October 4, harvest was 31 points behind the 5-year average. Georgia's acreage was rated 71 percent fair to good. Harvest was delayed with 32 percent combined in early October, compared to 56 percent for the average. The South Carolina crop was 70 percent fair to poor. Harvest was 9 points behind the average. Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 574 million pounds, up 3 percent from last month and 11 percent more than a year ago. Yield per harvested acre in the region, at 2,869, is 94 pounds above last month. Eighty-six percent of the North Carolina crop was rated in good condition in early October. Harvest in North Carolina was 20 percent complete, 4 points ahead of the average. Adequate soil moisture and hot, dry weather conditions during growing season have been extremely beneficial for the peanut crop. In Virginia, 81 percent of the crop was rated in mostly good to fair condition, and harvest was 38 percent complete, 3 points behind average. The peanut crop in the Southwest (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 1.12 billion pounds, down 2 percent from last month but 6 percent above 1997. Yields in the tri-state area are expected to average 2,451 pounds per acre, 39 pounds below last month. The condition of the Southwest crop was rated mostly good to fair. The Oklahoma harvest is 4 points behind average, with 11 percent harvested. Texas' acreage is 26 percent harvested compared to 15 percent for the average. Cotton: Upland cotton harvested acreage, at 10.1 million acres, is down 250,000 acres from September and down 22 percent from last year. This change from last month's acreage occurred in Texas, where fields continued to be abandoned. American-Pima harvested acreage remains unchanged from last month, at 246,500 acres, 1 percent below 1997. In early October, 15 percent of Texas' acreage was in good condition, 29 percent was fair, and 54 percent was rated poor to very poor. Boll opening was 81 percent complete, 13 points ahead of the 5-year average. Additional defoliating activity occurred in the Plains, with harvest beginning in only a few fields in early October. Regrowth continued to be a problem in the Coastal Bend as wet fields prevented plowing. Harvest neared completion in the Blacklands and also in North Central Texas, where many fields were plowed under. Thirty-nine percent of the acreage was harvested on October 4, compared to the 26 percent normally harvested. Cotton objective yield data indicate Texas' crop has the fourth lowest count of large bolls and the second lowest boll weight since 1988. The Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) rated their cotton in mostly fair to good condition in early October but Louisiana and Missouri rated their crop in mostly fair to poor condition. One-third of Louisiana's acreage was in fair condition, about one-fourth was rated poor, and 17 percent was in very poor condition on October 4. Missouri rated 41 percent in fair condition, one-fourth as poor, and 15 percent as very poor. Arkansas showed 68 percent of their crop in fair or good condition, Mississippi rated 82 percent of their acreage as fair or good, and 73 percent of Tennessee's cotton was rated fair or good. During September, Louisiana and Mississippi were affected by two tropical storms and Hurricane Georges. The first, Frances, had high amounts of rainfall and also moved into southern Arkansas. Tropical storm Hermin made landfall in Louisiana but had much less rainfall than the previous storm. Arkansas boll opening was 93 percent on October 4, and complete in the remaining States in this region. All states were ahead of the average harvest pace, with Louisiana at 71 percent complete in early October, Mississippi, at 59 percent, and Arkansas producers harvested 31 percent of their acreage. Data from objective yield surveys show large boll counts for Arkansas rank ninth, and Mississippi's rank the highest since 1988. Louisiana's number of large bolls are the lowest during this time period. Boll weights indicate Arkansas' and Mississippi's are the lowest, and Louisiana's rank ninth in the past 10 years. Seventy-two percent of Arizona's Upland crop was in fair to good condition, 27 percent was good, and 10 percent was rated excellent in early October. Harvest was 10 points behind the average pace, at 13 percent, on October 4. Harvesting operations were active in the western areas of Arizona and were beginning in the central area. In California, defoliation was underway in a few fields in the San Joaquin Valley in late September. Only one percent of the California crop was harvested on October 4, 8 points behind average. Boll opening was three-fourths complete, compared to the 5-year average pace of 99 percent. California's crop condition was rated as 45 percent good and 45 percent also in fair condition. October 1 cotton objective yield counts show California large boll numbers and boll weights are the second lowest since 1988. In the Southeastern States (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina), the majority of the crop was in fair to good condition October 4. While Alabama rated two-thirds of their crop in fair or good condition and 15 percent as very poor, on October 4, North Carolina rated their crop as 88 percent fair or good and 1 percent as very poor. Georgia showed 12 percent in very poor condition, one-fourth as poor, 36 percent fair, and 23 percent in good condition on this same date. Hurricane Georges crossed southern Alabama and into Georgia during the month, with the heaviest rainfall in Alabama. This storm deteriorated the crop's potential. Additionally, Tropical Storm Earl also affected these States' cotton crop in early September with heavy rain. Boll opening neared completion in these States in early October and, except for Georgia, harvest was ahead of the average in this region. Alabama was 42 percent harvested, 24 points ahead of average, Georgia, at 18 percent, equaled their average and North Carolina was 12 points ahead of the normal harvesting pace with one-fourth of their acreage harvested. American-Pima production is forecast at 461,500 bales, down 500 bales from September's forecast, and down 16 percent from 1997's output. Yield is indicated at 899 pounds per harvested acre, down 157 pounds from last year's record high yield. Arizona's production was decreased 2,000 bales from last month as the affects of delayed plantings, a cool, wet spring, and high summer temperatures, caused a slight decrease in yield potential. Development was behind normal, and the high summer temperatures caused a decrease in yield potential. Harvesting was active in the western area. Currently, 9 percent of Arizona's acreage is harvested. Growing conditions in California's San Joaquin Valley were excellent for most of September after a late start this season. Light rainfall occurred during the final weekend of the month but there were no weather related problems. Crop progress varies depending upon planting date and soil type. New Mexico's harvest began in early October and 63 percent of the acreage was rated in good to excellent condition. Production was increased 1,500 bales from September's forecast. All cotton ginnings totaled 2,054,950 running bales prior to October 1, compared with 1,210,450 running bales ginned to the same date last year, and 2,145,650 running bales in 1996. All Hay: Production for 1998 is forecast at 152 million tons, up 3 percent from the August forecast but essentially the same as the 1997 production. Area harvested and to be harvested for alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures and other hay was unchanged from August at 59.8 million acres, down 2 percent from the previous year. All hay yields are forecast at 2.54 tons per acre, up 0.06 tons from August and 0.04 tons from the previous year. Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: U.S. production is forecast at 82.4 million tons, up 3 percent from the August forecast and up 4 percent from a year ago. Yields are expected to average 3.52 tons per acre, up 0.09 tons from the previous forecast and 0.17 tons above last year. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from August, at 23.4 million acres, down 1 percent from 1997. Among the top ten producing States, Iowa and Minnesota showed the largest increases in yield, up 0.50 and 0.30 tons per acre, respectively, while the others were up slightly or unchanged from the August report. Heavy rains in south and southwest Texas and recent scattered showers prompted its increase of 1.00 ton per acre from the August report. All Other Hay: The forecast for 1998 is 69.3 million tons, 2 percent above the August forecast but 5 percent below the year earlier. Other hay yields are expected to average 1.91 tons per acre, up 0.04 tons from August but down 0.05 tons from 1997. Area harvested and to be harvested was unchanged from August at 36.4 million acres, down 2 percent from last year. Colorado's yield, at 2.10 tons per acre, would be a record yield, if realized, while Oklahoma's yield, at 1.30 tons per acre, if realized, would be the lowest since 1980. Texas' other hay production is estimated at 6.6 million tons, up 23 percent from August but down 36 percent from a year ago. Dry Edible Beans: Production of dry edible beans is forecast at 31.1 million cwt for 1998, up 7 percent from a year ago and 11 percent above 1996. An increase in harvested acres from 1997 was enough to offset a reduction in yield. Area for harvest is estimated at 1.91 million acres, up 11 percent from 1997 and 9 percent above 1996. The average yield of 1,630 pounds per acre is 65 pounds below a year ago but 35 pounds above 1996. Average yields were at or below 1997 levels for all states except for New Mexico and North Dakota. The October 1 forecast of production is 4 percent more than the August forecast. Reduced yields in Idaho and Nebraska between August and October were not enough to offset increased yields in Colorado, Kansas, North Dakota, and Texas. Harvest was virtually completed in North Dakota, Michigan, and Colorado by late September. Harvest progressed well ahead of average, due to favorable weather during much of September and early planting. The condition of North Dakota's crop at season's end was rated mostly fair to good, generally the same as the August 1 condition. Harvest progressed three weeks ahead of average with 94 percent combined as of September 27. Dry weather in Michigan allowed harvest to wind down by October 1, the earliest date on record. Yield results were generally mixed. Colorado growers had 92 percent of the crop cut by late September, 12 percent ahead of average. Harvest in Nebraska, at 73 percent completed, was 6 percent ahead of average by late September. Harvest continues in California, Idaho, Montana, Minnesota, New York, Washington, and Wyoming. Cooler weather in California slowed drying and hail storms in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming caused considerable damage to the crop. By late September, 73 percent of the Wyoming's crop had been combined compared with an average of 74 percent. Lentils: Production of lentils in Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, and Washington is estimated at 1.88 million cwt, down 21 percent from the 1997 crop. Planted and harvested acreage, as well as average yields, were below last year in both Idaho and Washington. Harvested area is estimated at 155,500 acres, 16,500 acres less than 1997. Average yield per acre stood at 1,207 pounds, 183 pounds below last year. Harvested acreage in Idaho fell to 53,000 acres, the lowest level since 1992 when 49,000 acres were harvested. Average yields in Idaho slipped 400 pounds from last season to 1,100 pounds per acre. Poor weather hurt the growth and development of the crop. In Washington, yields dipped 110 pounds to 1,350 pounds per acre from 62,000 harvested acres. Dry Edible Peas: Production of dry peas in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington in 1998 is estimated at 5.86 million cwt, slightly more than 1997's production and more than double the 1996 crop. While harvested acres in Idaho and Washington were both below 1997, growers in Montana and North Dakota continue to seed more dry peas. Overall, planted area in the U. S. reached 323,400 acres, 29,800 acres above 1997. Harvested acres stood at 309,100 acres compared with 276,600 acres last year. Average yields fell 208 pounds to 1,895 pounds per acre. Growers in Idaho saw their average yields decline 400 pounds per acre from last year to 1,700 pounds due in part to wet conditions and hail. Austrian Winter Peas: The Austrian winter pea crop of 104,000 cwt for 1998 in Idaho and Oregon is down 10 percent from 1997 but slightly above the 1996 production. Area harvested, at 7,400 acres, is down 200 acres from last year, while the average yield decreased 108 pounds in 1998 to 1,405 pounds. Wet weather was responsible for the reduction in yields in Idaho. Winter Potatoes: The final 1998 winter potato production is estimated at 2.98 million cwt, down 5 percent from a year earlier and 9 percent below 1996. Winter harvest was taken from an estimated 15,000 acres in 1998, 3 percent below last year but 3 percent above 1996. The average yield of 199 cwt per acre was off 4 cwt from a year earlier and 27 cwt below 1996. California production was down 3 percent from 1997 and Florida production dropped 6 percent. Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 1998 is forecast at 1.55 billion pounds, up 1 percent from the September 1 forecast and 13 percent below 1997 production. This increase in the production forecast for 1998 is primarily the result of increased flue-cured yields. Harvested acres are expected to be 749,525 acres, down 8 percent from last year. Yields for 1998 are estimated to average 2,062 pounds per acre, up 14 pounds from last month but 139 pounds below the average for 1997. Flue-cured production is expected to total 823 million pounds, up 7 percent from September 1 but 21 percent below last year's output. Flue-cured growers plan to harvest 384,500 acres, 15 percent below last year. Flue-cured tobacco accounts for 51 percent of this year's total tobacco acreage. Flue-cured yields are expected to average 2,140 pounds per acre, up 133 pounds from September but 166 pounds below last year. North Carolina's flue-cured crop prospects increased from September 1. Old Belt (Type 11) areas received some much needed rains in September which boosted prospects. Damage from Hurricane Bonnie in the Border Belt (Types 12 & 13) was minimal since much of the tobacco was already in the barn. Rainfall just before harvest helped to improve yields. Burley production is expected to total 633 million pounds, down 6 percent from September 1 and 2 percent below 1997 production. Yield is expected to average 1,962 pounds per acre, 123 pounds below the September 1 forecast and 97 pounds below the average for 1997. Burley tobacco growers expect to harvest 322,500 acres, 2 percent above last year. Kentucky, with 71 percent of the 1998 burley production, expects to produce 4 percent less than a year ago. Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, North Carolina, and Indiana , who together produce 95 percent of the U.S. burley crop, have all reported lower yields due to dry weather conditions. Kentucky's burley crop harvest was 91 percent complete as of September 27 but farmers expressed concerns about the undesirable yellow color of the cured tobacco. Sugarbeets: Production is forecast at 31.5 million tons, 5 percent above the 1997 final production estimate and 1 percent above the September 1 estimate. If realized, production would be the second largest on record, exceeded only by the 31.9 million ton crop in 1994. Area to be harvested in the 12 sugarbeet-producing states was estimated at nearly 1.46 million acres, 28,900 acres above 1997 and 1,700 acres above the September estimate. Yield is estimated at 21.6 tons per acre, 0.2 ton above September 1 and 0.7 ton higher than 1997. Yields were expected to be lower than earlier estimates in Michigan due to the excessively dry summer. Harvest started slowly in the northern Great Plains but, by October 1, cooler temperatures combined with dry weather improved harvest and stockpiling conditions. However, sucrose content was expected to be below average in most States due to above-average temperatures during most of the summer. In California, harvest continues after starting 3 to 4 weeks later than normal. Sugarcane: U.S. sugarcane production for sugar and seed in 1998 is expected to total 31.2 million tons, down nearly 2 percent from 1997 and slightly below the September 1 estimate. The expected area for harvest dropped to 934,000 acres, 5,000 acres below the previous estimate but more than 2 percent above last year. The forecasted yield rose 0.1 tons from the September estimate to 33.4 tons per acre but 1.3 tons below 1997. In Texas, increased abandonment due to the summer drought dropped acres for harvest by 14 percent from the September estimate. However, the production estimate only fell 6 percent due to higher yields on the remaining acres. Yields in the Gulf Coast States were expected to fall below 1997 due to the summer drought, while Hawaiian growers expected yields to equal last year's. Harvest was expected to begin a week or more later than last year in some areas as processors were busy preparing mills for opening. Grapes: U.S. grape production is estimated at 6.0 million tons, down 18 percent from 1997 but up 8 percent from 1996. California's all grape forecast, at 5.45 million tons, decreased 4 percent from the August 1 forecast. The New York and Washington forecasts decreased from the August 1 forecast while Michigan and Pennsylvania increased. These five States account for 99 percent of the forecasted U.S. production in 1998. California's all grape forecast decreased to 5.45 million tons, down 18 percent from a year ago. Of this total, 2.10 million tons are raisin varieties, 2.60 million tons are wine varieties, and 750,000 tons are table varieties. Picking of table and wine varieties continues in the San Joaquin Valley. Some growers are concerned about bunch rot and mildew problems. Washington's production is forecast at 235,000 tons, down 26 percent from last year but up 63 percent from 1996. The Concord and Niagara grape crops did not develop as well as last year but wine grape production is expected to set a record at 21 percent above last year. The crop in Michigan is forecast at 74,000 tons, up 21 percent from last year and 14 percent above 1996. Most areas in the State expect good yields. Grape production in New York is forecast at 120,000 tons, down 10 percent from the August 1 forecast and down 14 percent from last year. The damage from the freeze in late April was worse than expected. Pennsylvania production is forecast at 52,000 tons, down 10 percent from last year and down 37 percent from 1996. Growing conditions were unfavorable during the spring due to frost which killed buds in one of the largest producing counties. Some growers mentioned that dry weather reduced fruit size. Grapefruit: The initial forecast of the 1998-99 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.63 million tons, slightly above last season but down 9 percent from the 1996-97 season. The October 1 Florida grapefruit crop is forecast at 50.0 million boxes (2.13 million tons), up 1 percent from a year ago but down 10 percent from the record large utilization from the 1996-97 season. The white seedless forecast, at 18.0 million boxes (765,000 tons), will be the lowest of any season since 1969-70. Fewer trees plus fewer and smaller fruit per tree led to the decline in the projected utilization. The colored seedless utilization is forecast at a record large 31.5 million boxes (1.34 million tons). Despite fewer trees, the forecast is larger than last year due to more fruit per tree. Sizes are expected to be the same as last year. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected to total 500,000 boxes (21,000 tons), the smallest amount of this variety ever recorded. California's October 1 forecast of grapefruit production is 8.40 million boxes (281,000 tons), 7 percent less than last year's utilization but 2 percent more than in 1996-97. Weather conditions have been good to date. The cooler weather has produced less soft fruit. Defects include sheepnose, windscar, and sunburn. However, color and eating quality are good. Grapefruit production in Texas is forecast at 5.00 million boxes (200,000 tons), up 4 percent from the previous season. Sizes have improved recently due to much needed precipitation. Arizona's grapefruit forecast is 700,000 boxes (23,000 tons), continuing the downward trend over the last five seasons. Lemons: The 1998-99 U.S. lemon crop is forecast at 901,000 tons, down 4 percent from last season and down 6 percent from the 1996-97 crop. California production is forecast at 21.0 million boxes (798,000 tons), 5 percent less than a year ago and 7 percent less than two seasons ago. Quality in the Central Valley looks good to fair, but is very good in the desert areas. In the South Coast areas, smaller fruit sizes were reported. Typical defects include windscar, flatsides, and botrytis bumps. The Arizona lemon crop is forecast at 2.70 million boxes (103,000 tons), up 4 percent from both of the previous two seasons. Harvesting is just underway in western areas. Tangelos: The first 1998-99 tangelo forecast from Florida is 2.50 million boxes (113,000 tons), 12 percent less than last season's utilized production and 37 percent below the 3.95 million boxes of the 1996-97 crop, which was the largest recorded crop since the 1987-88 season. Fewer trees and fewer fruit per tree contributed to the lower forecast. Fruit sizes have shown normal growth between August and September, but the average is still below last season. Fruit loss from droppage is above average for this time of year. Temples: Florida's initial 1998-99 Temple forecast is 2.00 million boxes (90,000 tons), 11 percent less than the 2.25 million boxes recorded last season and 17 percent less than the 1996-97 season. With the exception of three major freeze seasons (1957-58, 1962-63, and 1989-90), this is the smallest indicated crop since 1954-55. Fewer trees and less fruit per tree have substantially reduced the fruit population. Larger fruit and less drop did not offset the reduction in the number of fruit. Tangerines: The 1998-99 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 318,000 tons, down 12 percent from last season and down 24 percent from two seasons ago. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 4.20 million boxes (200,000 tons), a 19 percent reduction from the previous year's utilization and 33 percent less than the 1996-97 crop. Fewer fruit per tree and smaller fruit overall contributed to the decline. California's initial 1998-99 tangerine forecast is 2.50 million boxes (94,000 tons), up 4 percent from a year ago but down 4 percent from 1996-97. The crop was maturing well with average quality. Harvesting should begin toward the end of October. Arizona's tangerine forecast for the 1998-99 season is 650,000 boxes (24,000 tons), up 8 percent from last season and up 18 percent from two seasons ago. K-Early Citrus: The K-Early Citrus Fruit forecast for 1998-99 is 60,000 boxes (3,000 tons), 20,000 boxes more than the record low use last season and the second lowest on record. There were 150,000 boxes utilized during the 1996-97 season. Florida citrus: Most areas of Florida's citrus belt received an abundance of rain during September including heavy rains associated with Hurricane Georges. There was very little significant damage from the hurricane. There has been an abundance of new growth on trees of all ages generated from the tropical weather of this past month. New crop fruit made good progress during the month. Some splitting has occurred on early types of fruit due to the excessive moisture conditions. Harvest of the 1998-99 season progressed very slowly during the month as about a dozen packing houses were running at reduced rates due to lagging maturity. Harvesting crews are selectively picking white and colored grapefruit, Navels, Hamlins, and Ambersweet oranges, and Fallglo and Robinson tangerines. Caretakers have been cutting cover crops, spraying fresh fruit for insects and diseases, and fertilizing young trees. Texas Citrus: Fruit size has improved during September due to good rains; however, dry conditions and a lack of irrigation water slowed sizing during the summer. Harvest should begin soon in a few early grapefruit groves. California Citrus: Grapefruit picking was active in Riverside County in September. Packers were grading heavy due to soft fruit, but color and eating quality were good. Some wind scar, sunburn, and sheepnose were also reported. Lemon harvest was also active with good quality. Valencia oranges were also picked with wind scar, puff, and crease reported. New crop Navel oranges were maturing with picking expected to begin in late October. California Fruits and Nuts: Crop harvesting continued to dominate growers' activities during September. Grapes for fresh use in the San Joaquin Valley were picked with Flame Seedless, Red Globe, and Ruby Seedless among the major varieties. Thompson Seedless variety grapes were picked for fresh, raisin, and wine uses. By October 1, almost the entire raisin crop had been harvested, with about 40 percent on open trays, 27 percent rolled, and the remaining 33 percent picked up. Cool weather has slowed drying. Harvest of grapes for wine was also active during September. Growers were plagued with bunch rot. Picking of late variety stone fruit was winding down by late September. Apple harvest was active with Royal Gala, Fuji, Granny Smith, and Red Delicious among the major varieties. Bartlett Pears were picked in Lake and Mendocino areas. Asian pears were picked in the San Joaquin Valley. Dried figs were picked up and olive harvest had begun by late September. Prune harvest was active with growers concerned about quality. Almond, pistachio, and walnut harvests were active throughout September. Fall strawberries were harvested in the San Joaquin Valley. Apples: The final forecast of the 1998 apple crop stands at 11.2 billion pounds, down 1 percent from the August 1 forecast but 7 percent above last year's production. Reduced production prospects in Washington and several of the Eastern States more than offset a slight increase in the production forecast for Michigan. Even with this reduction, the 1998 crop is forecast to be the 2nd largest and only 3 percent below the 1994 record crop of 11.5 billion pounds. The Eastern States expect to produce 2.32 billion pounds, down 4 percent from the August 1 forecast and 11 percent below a year ago. The New York production forecast was decreased by 30 million pounds due to a severe storm which hit the Lake Ontario growing region on Labor Day. Primary damage from the storm occurred due to high winds. Fruit were blown off trees, scattered areas of trees were uprooted, and most areas reported many broken branches. North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia all report a lack of precipitation which has resulted in smaller apples than originally expected. Production in the Central States is forecast at 1.38 billion pounds, up 1 percent from the August 1 forecast but 3 percent below the 1997 crop. The Michigan apple crop sized better than originally expected in the Grand Rapids area, particularly where irrigation was available. Production in the Western States is forecast at 7.46 billion pounds, down 1 percent from the August 1 forecast but 17 percent above last year. Washington's production forecast was reduced by 100 million pounds due to an extended period of temperatures over 90 degrees. Sunburn, a reduction in fruit size, and reduced quality have resulted from the severe hot conditions. Even with this reduction, Washington's 1998 apple crop looks to be highest on record and 20 percent above last year. Pecans: The October 1 forecast for 1998 pecan production is 183 million pounds (in-shell basis), down 1 percent from the September 1 forecast and 46 percent below last year's crop. Improved varieties are expected to make up 140 million pounds, or 77 percent, of the total. Native and seedling varieties make up the balance of 43 million pounds. The Georgia forecast, at 60 million pounds, is unchanged from September 1. Moisture received from September's tropical storms offset the wind damage from the storms. The Texas production forecast is also unchanged at 40 million pounds. While last month's rains were helpful, a higher than normal nut drop took place in some areas. New Mexico's forecast remains at 28 million pounds with average nut set and nut drop reported. The Alabama forecast was lowered 3 million pounds due to Hurricane Georges. Some Baldwin and Mobile county growers are expecting a total loss. These two counties have historically accounted for almost half the State's pecan production. The Oklahoma production is now forecast at 8 million pounds, down 2 million. Conditions are rated lower than a month earlier due to drought. September rains, while beneficial, may have been too late as drought-related problems such as lack of pollination, poor nut fill, and nut drop took a toll. Louisiana raised its forecast 3 million pounds. Harvest has begun in some areas. Hazelnuts: Hazelnut production in Oregon and Washington is forecast at 16,500 tons, unchanged from the September 1 report. Harvest has not yet started because the crop maturity is about 7 to 10 days later than normal. Some growers expect additional leaf debris during harvest due to the later nut drop. Nut sizes are expected to average larger than normal. Filbert worm problems appear to be in the normal range. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.59 million pounds for September, 5 percent lower than August and 13 percent lower than a year ago. Area devoted to papayas totaled 3,745 acres in September, 3 percent higher than August and 22 percent higher than last September. Area harvested, totaling 2,335 acres, was 3 percent lower than last month but 19 percent higher than September 1997. September weather conditions were a mix of sunshine and light showers over major papaya producing areas. Yields in non-irrigated fields were lower due to flower drop, a result of drought conditions earlier in the year. Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between September 25 and October 3 to gather information on expected yield as of October 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, soybeans, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The items counted within the selected plots depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, pods, or bolls and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 15,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported survey estimates were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to the previous month and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submited their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB used the survey data and the State analysis to prepare the published October 1 forecast. Revision Policy: The October 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. At the end of the marketing year, administrative records and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover stocks, production, exports, processing, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if data relationships warrant changes. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last estimate. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the October 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the October 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage deviations for the 1978-1997 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the October 1 corn for grain production forecast is 4.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 4.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 7.2. Also shown in the following table is a 10-year record for selected crops of the differences between the October 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the October 1 forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 272 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 626 million bushels. The October 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 4 times. This does not imply that the October 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been below or above the final estimate is about equally distributed. Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Root Mean : 10-Year Record of : : Square Error : Differences Between Forecast : :------------------: and Final Estimate : : : :------------------------------------ Crop :Unit : : 90 : Quantity : Years : :Percent: Percent :------------------------------------ : : :Confidence: : : :Below:Above : : : Interval :Average:Smallest:Largest:Final:Final -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------ Million ------ Number : : Corn For Grain :Bu : 4.2 7.1 272 4 626 6 4 Sorghum for Grain :Bu : 5.9 10.1 31 6 105 6 4 Rice :Cwt : 3.1 5.3 4 0 13 4 6 Soybeans for Beans:Bu : 3.7 6.4 42 2 103 7 3 Cotton :Bales: 6.0 10.4 825 84 2,366 6 4 Dry Edible Beans :Cwt : 3.5 6.1 0.6 0.1 1.3 6 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Rhonda Brandt - Corn (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice, Barley (202) 720-7688 Doug Hartwig - Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Howard Hill - Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums, Cranberries, Grapes, Maple Syrup (202) 720-7235 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Linda Simpson - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions (202) 720-2157 Debbie Williams - Apples, Strawberries, Tobacco (202) 720-4288 Harry Nishimoto - Hops (360) 902-1940 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on November 10, 1998. 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