Cr Pr 2-2 (6-99)a National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Crop Production Released June 11, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 14 Percent from 1998 Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.61 billion bushels, down fractionally from last month and down 14 percent from 1998. Based on conditions around June 1, the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.7 bushels per acre, up 0.3 bushels from the last forecast. Grain area totals 36.0 million acres, down 1 percent from May 1. Hard Red is down 1 percent from a month ago to 981 million bushels. White Winter is down 2 percent from last month. Soft Red is up 2 percent from the last forecast and now totals 419 million bushels. All oranges production forecast for 1998-99 is 9.82 million tons, down less than 1 percent from last month and down 28 percent from last year's record large crop of 13.7 million tons. Florida's all orange forecast is 187.5 million boxes (8.44 million tons), a reduction of less than 1 percent from the May forecast and 23 percent less than the record large 244 million boxes (11.0 million tons) utilized last season. Early and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 112 million boxes (5.04 million tons), unchanged from May and 20 percent below last season. Florida's Valencia forecast of 75.5 million boxes (3.40 million tons) is 1 percent less than the previous forecast and 27 percent lower than last season's utilization. Production of all oranges in Texas is forecast at 1.42 million boxes (60,000 tons), down 3 percent from last month's forecast. The Texas early and midseason orange forecast was reduced to 1.25 million boxes (53,000 tons), but the Valencia forecast remained unchanged at 170,000 boxes (7,000 tons). California's all orange production forecast of 34.0 million boxes (1.28 million tons) is carried forward and is down 51 percent from the 1997-98 utilization of 69.0 million boxes (2.59 million tons). Arizona's all orange production forecast of 1.20 million boxes (45,000 tons) is also carried forward. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1998-99 season is forecast at a record high 1.63 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, down from the 1.64 gallons per box projected last month. The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The average yield for early and midseason varieties is final at a record high 1.58 gallons per box. Valencias are projected to yield a record high 1.75 gallons per box, unchanged from last month. This report was approved on June 11, 1999. Acting Secretary of Agriculture I. Miley Gonzalez Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Rich Allen Contents Page Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Cherries, Sweet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Maple Syrup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Peaches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Pears, Bartlett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Sugarcane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, by Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 1999 : : : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 :-------------------: 1998 : 1999 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AL : 85 70 42.0 47.0 48.0 3,570 3,360 AZ 1/ : 8 10 90.0 85.0 85.0 720 850 AR : 900 830 51.0 53.0 54.0 45,900 44,820 CA : 380 390 60.0 70.0 75.0 22,800 29,250 CO : 2,550 2,400 39.0 38.0 37.0 99,450 88,800 DE 1/ : 73 73 51.0 58.0 58.0 3,723 4,234 FL 1/ : 13 9 43.0 40.0 40.0 559 360 GA : 240 230 43.0 48.0 46.0 10,320 10,580 ID : 770 710 82.0 77.0 76.0 63,140 53,960 IL : 1,200 1,020 48.0 52.0 55.0 57,600 56,100 IN : 650 510 55.0 57.0 60.0 35,750 30,600 IA 1/ : 32 25 40.0 43.0 43.0 1,280 1,075 KS : 10,100 9,200 49.0 43.0 43.0 494,900 395,600 KY : 550 470 45.0 54.0 55.0 24,750 25,850 LA 1/ : 90 110 44.0 43.0 43.0 3,960 4,730 MD 1/ : 215 205 50.0 55.0 55.0 10,750 11,275 MI : 570 600 54.0 54.0 56.0 30,780 33,600 MN 1/ : 57 63 27.0 28.0 28.0 1,539 1,764 MS : 150 155 45.0 46.0 50.0 6,750 7,750 MO : 1,250 950 46.0 48.0 49.0 57,500 46,550 MT : 1,250 1,000 39.0 40.0 40.0 48,750 40,000 NE : 1,800 1,900 46.0 40.0 42.0 82,800 79,800 NV 1/ : 6 10 100.0 90.0 90.0 600 900 NJ 1/ : 44 32 52.0 54.0 54.0 2,288 1,728 NM 1/ : 265 265 30.0 30.0 30.0 7,950 7,950 NY 1/ : 130 115 54.0 56.0 56.0 7,020 6,440 NC : 680 600 41.0 46.0 44.0 27,880 26,400 ND 1/ : 60 48 35.0 32.0 32.0 2,100 1,536 OH : 1,160 1,030 64.0 61.0 62.0 74,240 63,860 OK : 5,100 4,500 39.0 34.0 33.0 198,900 148,500 OR : 790 640 67.0 59.0 58.0 52,930 37,120 PA 1/ : 190 205 51.0 52.0 52.0 9,690 10,660 SC : 240 215 32.0 43.0 43.0 7,680 9,245 SD : 1,420 1,260 43.0 42.0 42.0 61,060 52,920 TN : 370 300 41.0 47.0 50.0 15,170 15,000 TX : 3,900 3,400 35.0 31.0 33.0 136,500 112,200 UT 1/ : 150 145 50.0 50.0 50.0 7,500 7,250 VA 1/ : 245 250 45.0 58.0 58.0 11,025 14,500 WA : 2,100 1,800 65.0 64.0 62.0 136,500 111,600 WV 1/ : 8 8 57.0 54.0 54.0 456 432 WI 1/ : 135 120 55.0 57.0 57.0 7,425 6,840 WY 1/ : 200 170 32.0 33.0 33.0 6,400 5,610 : US : 40,126 36,043 46.9 44.4 44.7 1,880,605 1,611,599 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 1999 : : : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 :-------------------: 1998 : 1999 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 144 75 105.0 95.0 95.0 15,120 7,125 CA : 175 105 90.0 95.0 95.0 15,750 9,975 MN : 5 37.0 185 MT : 430 28.0 12,040 ND : 2,950 33.0 97,350 SD : 24 26.0 624 : US : 3,728 37.8 141,069 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Harvested area for U.S. and northern States available in "Acreage" released June 30, 1999. Yield and production for U.S. and northern States to be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 1999. Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1997 :1,098,303 471,987 275,238 491,324 56,831 87,783 2,481,466 1998 :1,182,092 442,639 255,874 486,781 41,928 141,069 2,550,383 1999 : 981,433 419,164 211,002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total, 1997-1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 49,200 15,400 50,000 OR : 50,000 55,000 53,000 WA : 95,000 96,000 80,000 : Total : 194,200 166,400 183,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, MT, NY, PA, and UT and tart cherries in CO, MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, and WI will be published in "Cherry Production" released on June 24, 1999. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1997-1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : CA - Freestone : 739.0 707.3 740.0 GA : 160.0 70.0 130.0 SC : 160.0 140.0 160.0 : Total : 1,059.0 917.3 1,030.0 : CA - Clingstone 1/ : 1,148.0 1,044.2 1,050.0 : Total : 2,207.0 1,961.5 2,080.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1996-97, 1997-98 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1996-97 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 400 350 550 15 13 21 CA 4/ : 40,000 44,000 17,000 1,500 1,650 638 FL : 134,200 140,000 112,000 6,039 6,300 5,040 TX : 1,300 1,350 1,250 55 57 53 US : 175,900 185,700 130,800 7,609 8,020 5,752 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 600 650 650 23 25 24 CA 4/ : 24,000 25,000 17,000 900 938 638 FL : 92,000 104,000 75,500 4,140 4,680 3,398 TX : 120 175 170 5 7 7 US : 116,720 129,825 93,320 5,068 5,650 4,067 All : AZ 4/ : 1,000 1,000 1,200 38 38 45 CA 4/ : 64,000 69,000 34,000 2,400 2,588 1,276 FL : 226,200 244,000 187,500 10,179 10,980 8,438 TX : 1,420 1,525 1,420 60 64 60 US : 292,620 315,525 224,120 12,677 13,670 9,819 Temples : FL : 2,400 2,250 1,800 108 101 81 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL 5/ : 23,500 18,300 18,000 999 777 765 Colored Seedless : FL 6/ : 31,400 30,600 29,000 1,334 1,301 1,233 Other : FL : 900 650 600 38 28 26 All : AZ 4/ : 900 800 700 30 27 23 CA 4/ : 8,200 9,000 8,500 275 301 285 FL 5/ 6/ : 55,800 49,550 47,600 2,371 2,106 2,024 TX : 5,300 4,800 6,000 212 192 240 US : 70,200 64,150 62,800 2,888 2,626 2,572 Tangerines : AZ 4/ 7/ : 550 600 900 21 23 34 CA 4/ 7/ : 2,600 2,400 1,700 98 90 64 FL : 6,300 5,200 4,950 299 247 235 US : 9,450 8,200 7,550 418 360 333 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 2,600 2,600 3,500 99 99 133 CA : 22,600 22,000 18,000 859 836 684 US : 25,200 24,600 21,500 958 935 817 Tangelos : FL : 3,950 2,850 2,550 178 128 115 K-Early Citrus : FL : 150 40 80 7 2 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6/ Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 1997-1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 282,000 258,000 285,000 OR : 75,000 65,000 66,000 WA : 205,000 145,000 165,000 : Total : 562,000 468,000 516,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop, 1997-98 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Prunes (Dried Basis) : 214,000 108,000 180,000 : Apricots : 132,000 113,000 125,000 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Apr : 3,205 3,750 1,775 2,150 3,375 3,085 May : 3,225 3,760 2,175 2,150 2,995 3,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States, 1997-1998 and Forecasted June 1, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested :Strung for Harvest and :----------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres : ID : Banner : 73 1/ 1/ Chinook : 342 384 202 Cluster : 797 657 417 Galena : 666 733 623 Horizon : 1/ 2/ 7 Mt. Hood : 10 10 10 Nugget : 65 97 84 Willamette : 211 225 248 Zeus : 1/ 2/ 239 : Other Varieties : 1,706 1,803 1,541 : Total : 3,870 3,909 3,371 : OR : Fuggle : 423 189 98 Golding : 245 235 110 Mt Hood : 238 225 253 Nugget : 3,063 2,415 2,153 Perle : 329 385 406 Tettnanger : 649 154 88 Williamette : 3,070 2,290 2,321 : Other Varieties : 335 268 393 : Total : 8,352 6,161 5,822 : WA : Cascade : 1,037 992 902 Chinook : 1,692 1,007 791 Cluster : 3,625 2,605 1,376 Columbus/Tomahawk : 2/ 3,999 4,390 Galena : 6,960 5,779 5,193 Golding : 161 83 35 Horizon : 2/ 130 256 Magnum : 2/ 2/ 99 Mt Hood : 540 361 384 Nugget : 5,492 4,793 4,148 Olympic : 126 126 2/ Perle : 256 296 273 Tettnanger : 1,564 252 129 Williamette : 4,297 3,922 3,376 Zeus : 2/ 2/ 1,520 : Other Varieties : 5,330 2,228 2,175 : Total : 31,080 26,573 25,047 : US : 43,302 36,643 34,240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Unknown or none. 2/ Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 2/ : 1997 : 1998 2/ : 1997 : 1998 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 101.0 102.0 99.0 100.0 30.0 28.3 CO : 67.9 62.5 66.4 57.3 19.7 22.7 ID : 198.0 204.0 197.0 203.0 26.4 27.1 MI : 163.0 177.0 160.0 173.0 19.0 16.0 MN : 453.0 473.0 446.0 458.0 18.5 21.2 MT : 59.9 64.0 58.3 62.4 21.0 22.6 NE : 67.3 53.8 60.3 47.4 16.8 19.7 NM 3/ : 1.6 1.6 30.6 ND : 231.4 250.0 227.5 242.6 18.5 22.2 OH : 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.1 19.0 17.3 OR : 17.6 17.9 17.4 17.7 28.4 26.6 TX 3/ : 16.4 15.0 18.0 WA : 18.3 37.3 18.0 35.8 33.1 33.3 WY : 63.0 56.0 60.9 53.4 20.4 20.3 : US : 1,459.3 1,498.8 1,428.3 1,451.7 20.9 22.5 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 2/ : 1997 : 1998 4/ : 1997 : 1998 4/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 2,970 2,830 40.60 120,582 CO : 1,308 1,301 34.10 44,603 ID : 5,210 5,501 40.60 211,526 MI : 3,040 2,768 38.50 117,040 MN : 8,251 9,710 38.70 319,314 MT : 1,224 1,410 40.50 49,572 NE : 1,013 934 35.60 36,063 NM 3/ : 49 31.20 1,529 ND : 4,205 5,386 37.90 159,370 OH : 17 19 38.40 653 OR : 494 471 39.90 19,711 TX 3/ : 270 34.00 9,180 WA : 595 1,192 38.90 23,146 WY : 1,240 1,084 38.50 47,740 : US : 29,886 32,606 38.80 1,160,029 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ No acres planted in 1998. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices", released July 30, 1999. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2000. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 2/ : 1997 : 1998 2/ : 1997 : 1998 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 421.0 426.0 36.9 40.1 15,535 17,083 HI : 32.0 30.3 91.4 90.0 2,925 2,727 LA : 380.0 400.0 28.2 29.7 10,716 11,880 TX : 27.3 32.0 30.3 32.9 827 1,053 : US : 860.3 888.3 34.9 36.9 30,003 32,743 : For Seed : FL : 19.0 21.0 36.9 40.1 701 842 HI : 2.2 2.2 38.2 32.4 84 71 LA : 30.0 35.0 28.2 29.7 846 1,040 TX : 2.5 0.6 30.0 18.3 75 11 : US : 53.7 58.8 31.8 33.4 1,706 1,964 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 440.0 447.0 36.9 40.1 16,236 17,925 HI : 34.2 32.5 88.0 86.1 3,009 2,798 LA : 410.0 435.0 28.2 29.7 11,562 12,920 TX : 29.8 32.6 30.3 32.6 902 1,064 : US : 914.0 947.1 34.7 36.6 31,709 34,707 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 :1998 4/ : 1997 : 1998 4/ : 1997 : 1998 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 28.70 445,855 465,973 HI : 29.20 85,410 87,863 LA : 27.10 290,404 313,330 TX : 25.60 21,171 23,091 : US : 28.10 842,840 890,257 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 1999. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2000. Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.7 CA : 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7 GA : 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 LA : 21.0 21.0 20.0 20.0 MS : 8.6 9.8 8.4 9.7 NJ : 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 NC : 32.0 33.0 31.0 32.0 SC : 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.9 TX : 6.3 6.4 5.8 5.6 VA : 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 : US : 85.6 87.2 82.1 83.8 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Cwt ------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 150 170 540 629 CA : 205 220 1,989 2,134 GA : 150 100 120 70 LA : 170 110 3,400 2,200 MS : 130 140 1,092 1,358 NJ : 105 105 116 105 NC : 160 170 4,960 5,440 SC : 110 90 121 81 TX : 155 45 899 252 VA : 150 225 90 113 : US : 162 148 13,327 12,382 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1998 Revised. Maple Syrup: Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Average Price : Value of : Production : per Gallon : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Gallons ---- Dollars --- 1,000 Dollars : CT : 9 13 41.10 41.00 370 533 ME : 170 187 20.60 21.50 3,502 4,021 MA : 47 44 36.20 36.00 1,701 1,584 MI : 55 73 32.00 29.70 1,760 2,168 NH : 67 61 36.20 36.00 2,425 2,196 NY : 231 195 26.85 25.70 6,202 5,012 OH : 78 95 29.80 28.40 2,324 2,698 PA : 72 67 26.00 23.40 1,872 1,568 VT : 360 370 29.00 29.00 10,440 10,730 WI : 70 75 23.10 23.70 1,617 1,778 : US : 1,159 1,180 27.80 27.40 32,213 32,288 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 1998 are revised. Price and value for 1999 are preliminary. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale and Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : CT : 75 70 25 30 ME : 10 10 90 90 MA : 70 60 30 40 MI : 48 58 52 42 NH : 65 60 35 40 NY : 48 43 52 57 OH : 71 63 29 37 PA : 49 41 51 59 VT : 40 40 60 60 WI : 27 35 73 65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1997 revised. Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :34.40 34.30 19.90 19.60 11.80 11.40 6.90 7.10 4.20 4.65 ME :31.80 33.30 16.70 17.70 9.25 10.00 5.35 5.85 3.85 4.15 MA :31.60 31.90 18.50 18.60 10.70 11.20 6.55 6.30 4.35 5.05 MI :29.00 29.50 16.50 16.10 9.41 9.30 5.69 5.30 4.18 3.20 NH :33.10 30.90 19.10 17.70 10.90 10.80 6.45 6.50 3.70 3.85 NY :27.20 30.35 16.45 17.10 9.65 10.00 5.95 6.25 3.70 4.10 OH :28.40 29.70 16.30 16.80 9.50 9.45 5.80 6.20 4.50 4.25 PA :27.70 28.50 16.00 16.50 9.00 9.46 5.60 5.59 3.50 3.44 VT :28.30 29.80 17.00 17.60 10.00 10.30 6.25 6.35 4.05 4.45 WI :26.40 26.20 13.90 14.30 7.10 7.50 4.40 4.30 3.00 2.70 : Wholesale : CT :34.30 33.90 17.40 18.20 8.90 10.10 5.10 5.60 3.15 3.65 ME :27.80 26.10 14.50 15.90 8.30 8.55 5.00 4.90 3.15 3.60 MA :25.20 26.40 16.20 15.40 8.80 8.30 5.30 5.05 3.20 3.05 MI :26.60 29.30 16.10 14.90 7.68 7.70 4.36 4.30 2.99 2.20 NH :25.60 27.60 15.50 15.60 8.55 8.20 5.40 4.95 2.90 3.10 NY :22.90 29.80 14.15 16.40 8.05 8.10 5.00 4.85 3.15 2.95 OH :21.40 24.40 14.90 13.40 8.20 8.55 4.70 5.25 3.30 3.60 PA :26.10 25.00 14.30 14.40 7.80 8.24 4.80 4.75 3.10 2.96 VT :24.70 26.80 14.50 15.50 8.20 8.60 4.55 5.00 3.10 3.05 WI :26.60 25.60 12.90 13.60 8.10 7.20 4.90 3.90 2.70 2.40 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT : 1.31 1.70 14.40 18.70 41.70 41.10 ME : 1.40 1.55 15.40 17.10 19.80 20.60 MA : 1.48 2.10 16.30 23.20 37.20 36.20 MI : 1.76 1.90 19.40 20.50 31.50 32.00 NH : 1.40 2.45 15.50 27.00 40.20 36.20 NY : 1.45 1.60 15.80 17.40 25.10 26.85 OH : 1.60 1.70 17.20 18.60 30.80 29.80 PA : 1.40 1.54 15.10 17.00 26.00 26.00 VT : 1.58 1.80 17.40 19.80 27.60 29.00 WI : 1.50 1.50 16.30 17.00 21.90 23.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for 1997 are revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 6,340.0 5,274.0 5,867.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 80,187.0 78,219.0 72,604.0 Corn for Silage : 5,919.0 Hay, All : 60,016.0 60,093.0 Alfalfa : 23,642.0 All Other : 36,374.0 Oats : 4,902.0 4,732.0 2,765.0 2,686.0 Rice : 3,345.0 3,580.0 3,317.0 Rye : 1,571.0 1,590.0 418.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,626.0 8,804.0 7,723.0 Sorghum for Silage : 305.0 Wheat, All : 65,871.0 63,029.0 59,002.0 Winter : 46,449.0 43,399.0 40,126.0 36,043.0 Durum : 3,805.0 4,270.0 3,728.0 Other Spring : 15,617.0 15,360.0 15,148.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,127.0 1,092.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 336.0 521.0 329.0 Mustard Seed : 98.9 95.6 Peanuts : 1,521.0 1,508.0 1,467.0 Rapeseed : 4.8 4.7 Safflower : 303.0 285.0 Soybeans for Beans : 72,375.0 73,105.0 70,811.0 Sunflower : 3,553.0 3,955.0 3,476.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 13,392.5 13,944.2 10,683.6 Upland : 13,064.3 13,639.0 10,448.8 Amer-Pima : 328.2 305.2 234.8 Sugarbeets : 1,498.8 1,547.7 1,451.7 Sugarcane : 951.5 Tobacco : 717.7 647.9 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 9.0 7.4 Dry Edible Beans : 2,010.1 2,045.5 1,913.9 Dry Edible Peas : 323.4 309.1 Lentils : 162.0 158.5 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.1 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.4 Hops : 36.6 34.2 Peppermint Oil : 124.0 Potatoes, All : 1,422.7 1,393.7 Winter : 15.5 17.9 15.0 17.7 Spring : 93.0 87.7 90.6 85.8 Summer : 73.0 68.1 Fall : 1,241.2 1,220.0 Spearmint Oil : 27.4 Sweet Potatoes : 87.2 86.7 83.8 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Acreage is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 60.1 352,445 Corn for Grain : " : 134.4 9,761,085 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.0 94,525 Hay, All : " : 2.52 151,338 Alfalfa : " : 3.47 82,010 All Other : " : 1.91 69,328 Oats : Bu : 60.4 167,122 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,669 188,051 Rye : Bu : 28.2 11,795 Sorghum for Grain : " : 67.3 519,933 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 11.4 3,487 Wheat, All : Bu : 43.2 2,550,383 Winter : " : 46.9 44.7 1,880,605 1,611,599 Durum : " : 37.8 141,069 Other Spring : " : 34.9 528,709 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,455 1,588,620 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 5,497 Flaxseed : Bu : 20.4 6,708 Mustard Seed : Lb : 855 81,750 Peanuts : " : 2,702 3,963,440 Rapeseed : " : 1,353 6,360 Safflower : " : 1,446 412,085 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 38.9 2,756,794 Sunflower : Lb : 1,509 5,246,701 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 625 13,918.2 Upland 2/ : " : 619 13,475.9 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 904 442.3 Sugarbeets : Ton : 22.5 32,606 Sugarcane : " : 35.8 34,057 Tobacco : Lb : 2,061 1,479,179 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,405 104 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,611 30,828 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,920 5,934 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,223 1,938 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 674 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,480 9,000 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 50,000 18,000 Hops : " : 1,625 59,548 Peppermint Oil : " : 78 9,727 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 343 477,381 Winter : " : 199 204 2,980 3,618 Spring : " : 233 270 21,137 23,205 Summer : " : 277 18,896 Fall : " : 356 434,368 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 109 2,987 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 148 12,382 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 6,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,888 2,626 2,572 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 7 2 4 Lemons : " : 958 935 817 Oranges : " : 12,677 13,670 9,819 Tangelos (FL) : " : 178 128 115 Tangerines : " : 418 360 333 Temples (FL) : " : 108 101 81 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 10,323.8 10,943.6 Apricots : Ton : 139.2 130.2 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 13,700.0 21,000.0 Grapes : Ton : 7,290.9 5,595.6 Olives (CA) : " : 104.0 90.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 38,800.0 39,900.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,624.6 2,425.8 Pears : Ton : 1,042.5 926.2 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 214.0 108.0 180.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 25.5 25.6 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 759,000 520,000 760,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 47.0 15.5 Pecans : Lb : 335,000 155,050 Pistachios (CA) : " : 180,000 188,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 269.0 227.0 Maple Syrup : 1,000 Gal: 1,298 1,159 1,180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,565,730 2,134,340 2,374,320 Corn for Grain 2/ :32,450,880 31,654,450 29,382,110 Corn for Silage : 2,395,360 Hay, All 3/ : 24,287,880 24,319,040 Alfalfa : 9,567,680 All Other : 14,720,190 Oats : 1,983,790 1,914,990 1,118,970 1,087,000 Rice : 1,353,690 1,448,790 1,342,360 Rye : 635,770 643,460 169,160 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,895,550 3,562,890 3,125,420 Sorghum for Silage : 123,430 Wheat, All 3/ :26,657,330 25,507,210 23,877,520 Winter :18,797,450 17,563,140 16,238,590 14,586,240 Durum : 1,539,850 1,728,030 1,508,680 Other Spring : 6,320,040 6,216,040 6,130,240 : Oilseeds : Canola : 456,090 441,920 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 135,980 210,840 133,140 Mustard Seed : 40,020 38,690 Peanuts : 615,530 610,270 593,680 Rapeseed : 1,940 1,900 Safflower : 122,620 115,340 Soybeans for Beans :29,289,440 29,584,860 28,656,500 Sunflower : 1,437,860 1,600,550 1,406,700 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 5,419,810 5,643,080 4,323,550 Upland : 5,286,990 5,519,570 4,228,520 Amer-Pima : 132,820 123,510 95,020 Sugarbeets : 606,550 626,340 587,490 Sugarcane : 385,060 Tobacco : 290,430 262,180 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 3,640 2,990 Dry Edible Beans : 813,470 827,790 774,540 Dry Edible Peas : 130,880 125,090 Lentils : 65,560 64,140 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,470 Ginger Root (HI) : 150 Hops : 14,830 13,860 Peppermint Oil : 50,180 Potatoes, All 3/ : 575,750 564,020 Winter : 6,270 7,240 6,070 7,160 Spring : 37,640 35,490 36,660 34,720 Summer : 29,540 27,560 Fall : 502,300 493,720 Spearmint Oil : 11,090 Sweet Potatoes : 35,290 35,090 33,910 Taro (HI) 4/ : 200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.23 7,673,580 Corn for Grain : 8.44 247,942,980 Corn for Silage : 35.80 85,751,640 Hay, All 2/ : 5.65 137,291,520 Alfalfa : 7.78 74,398,220 All Other : 4.27 62,893,300 Oats : 2.17 2,425,770 Rice : 6.35 8,529,850 Rye : 1.77 299,610 Sorghum for Grain : 4.23 13,206,910 Sorghum for Silage : 25.63 3,163,350 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.91 69,410,050 Winter : 3.15 3.01 51,181,680 43,860,540 Durum : 2.54 3,839,270 Other Spring : 2.35 14,389,100 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.63 720,590 Cottonseed 3/ : 4,987,160 Flaxseed : 1.28 170,390 Mustard Seed : 0.96 37,080 Peanuts : 3.03 1,797,790 Rapeseed : 1.52 2,880 Safflower : 1.62 186,920 Soybeans for Beans : 2.62 75,027,640 Sunflower : 1.69 2,379,860 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.70 3,030,330 Upland : 0.69 2,934,030 Amer-Pima : 1.01 96,300 Sugarbeets : 50.35 29,579,670 Sugarcane : 80.24 30,895,990 Tobacco : 2.31 670,940 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.58 4,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.81 1,398,330 Dry Edible Peas : 2.15 269,160 Lentils : 1.37 87,910 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 30,570 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.65 4,080 Ginger Root (HI) : 56.04 8,160 Hops : 1.82 27,010 Peppermint Oil : 0.09 4,410 Potatoes, All 2/ : 38.39 21,653,640 Winter : 22.27 22.91 135,170 164,110 Spring : 26.15 30.31 958,760 1,052,560 Summer : 31.10 857,110 Fall : 39.91 19,702,600 Spearmint Oil : 0.12 1,350 Sweet Potatoes : 16.56 561,640 Taro (HI) 3/ : 2,720 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,619,950 2,382,270 2,333,280 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 6,350 1,810 3,630 Lemons : 869,080 848,220 741,170 Oranges : 11,500,380 12,401,220 8,907,650 Tangelos (FL) : 161,480 116,120 104,330 Tangerines : 379,200 326,590 302,090 Temples (FL) : 97,980 91,630 73,480 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 4,682,800 4,963,930 Apricots : 126,310 118,120 Bananas (HI) : 6,210 9,530 Grapes : 6,614,190 5,076,200 Olives (CA) : 94,350 81,650 Papayas (HI) : 17,600 18,100 Peaches : 1,190,500 1,100,320 Pears : 945,740 840,270 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 194,140 97,980 163,290 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 23,130 23,220 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 344,280 235,870 344,730 Hazelnuts : 42,640 14,060 Pecans : 151,950 70,330 Pistachios (CA) : 81,650 85,280 Walnuts (CA) : 244,030 205,930 Maple Syrup : 6,490 5,790 5,900 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99. Crop Moisture Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season. Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations. Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index. Drought Severity Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evaportranspiration. Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in aquifers, reservoirs, and streams. Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this is indicated by the crop moisture index). May Weather Summary: A weather pattern similar to that observed during April carried through May, keeping several anomalies intact through a second consecutive month. The pattern left much of the West cool, the Great Lakes region warm, and southern Texas hot. In addition, most of the Plains and western Corn Belt remained wet, while large portions of the East and many areas along and near the Gulf Coast were unfavorably dry. Monthly temperatures averaged 2 to 4 degrees F above normal in the Great Lakes region, spurring the development of winter wheat and spring-sown crops. Departures also reached +4 degrees F across southern Texas. Readings ranged from 1 to 4 degrees F below normal in the Northwest and as much as 5 degrees F below normal in California's Central Valley, hindering crop development. Widespread frost and sub-freezing temperatures affected the Northwest through mid-month. Near-normal monthly temperatures prevailed in most other areas, including the Plains and the Southeast. Monthly rainfall totaled 8 inches or more across parts of the east-central Plains and western Corn Belt, delaying spring planting and increasing disease pressure in winter wheat. Excessive precipitation (4 to 7 inches) also soaked much of North Dakota, hampering planting operations. Meanwhile, frequent rains, totaling more than 4 inches, eased dryness in the northern Mid-Atlantic region and across southern New England. Farther south, however, drought intensified in the shadow of the Appalachians, from the Chesapeake Bay watershed southwestward into the piedmont of Georgia. Drought also persisted in northern Florida, but showers provided some relief and eased irrigation requirements in southern parts of the State. Despite cool weather and a record- to near-record snow pack in the Cascades, topsoil dryness worsened in the interior Northwest, stressing small grains. General Crop Comments: May began with warmer, drier weather and gusty winds that rapidly removed excess moisture from soggy soils in the Corn Belt. The dry weather allowed corn planting to move ahead of the 5-year average for the first time this spring, as planters ran nearly around the clock for several days in many areas of the Corn Belt. Soybean planting remained slow, as the western Corn Belt concentrated on planting corn. In the eastern Corn Belt, especially in Ohio, soybean planting advanced more rapidly, as warmer, drier weather prevailed. Early-month thunderstorms that produced isolated hail, severe tornadoes, and heavy rains damaged some wheat fields in eastern Oklahoma and adjacent areas of Kansas and Missouri. The Tennessee Valley, and adjacent areas of the Southeast and lower Mississippi Valley, also received heavy rains that halted fieldwork and delayed planting. In the Atlantic Coastal Plains, planting progress lagged due to dry soils. Planting rapidly progressed in the lower Mississippi Valley despite rain delays in Mississippi. Persistent showers interrupted planting of small grains in the northern Great Plains, while drier weather aided planting in the High Plains and northern Rockies. Interior areas of the Pacific Northwest remained unfavorably dry, but crops steadily developed in California, despite a resumption of below-normal temperatures. Corn and soybean planting remained ahead of normal as the month progressed despite additional rain delays in the western Corn Belt near mid-month. Warm weather aided crop development in the eastern Corn Belt, while the rain in the western Corn Belt softened crusted soils and allowed sprouted seeds to emerge. Storms in the southern Great Plains kept soils excessively wet in western Missouri and eastern parts of Kansas and Oklahoma. In the northern Great Plains, planting delays continued due to additional rainfall and poor drying conditions, while below-normal temperatures hindered development of seeded crops. Seasonable temperatures aided wheat development in the eastern Corn Belt and central and southern Great Plains. In the Atlantic Coastal Plains, planting accelerated after soils dried from earlier showers. Cotton planting was aided by dry, sunny weather in the Southeast and inland areas of the lower Mississippi Valley. Soaking rains provided much-needed moisture for planting and crop development along the western Gulf Coast. In the Pacific Northwest, dry soils continued to stress small grains, while cool weather hindered growth. Thunderstorms continued to delay planting in the western Corn Belt and adjacent areas of the central and southern Great Plains until well after mid-month. Hail, erosion, flooding, and standing water associated with the severe storms damaged crops in parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Oklahoma. Lighter rainfall in the eastern Corn Belt and lower Mississippi Valley caused minimal planting delays, while providing good moisture for crop development. In the Northeast, soaking rains temporarily eased drought conditions in most areas, but coastal areas of the middle and southern Atlantic Coast States remained excessively dry. Planting was hindered by dry soils in many areas of the Southeast, especially Georgia which received no significant rainfall, while eastern and southern Texas received timely showers that boosted crop development. Dry weather aided planting and seasonable temperatures promoted crop development in the central High Plains, while wet conditions lingered in parts of the northern Great Plains. In the Pacific Northwest, drought conditions hindered development of nonirrigated small grains. Field activities progressed normally in California, and most crops rapidly developed, as dry, seasonal weather prevailed. Dry, sunny weather removed excess soil moisture in many areas of the Corn Belt and northern Great Plains late in the month, allowing many growers to finish planting corn and soybeans. By the end of the month, corn planting was nearly finished and soybean planting was ahead of normal. Dry weather also aided planting in the Southeast and Atlantic Coastal Plains, but severe moisture shortages hindered crop emergence and stunted growth. Heavy rains delayed planting in the southern Great Plains late in the month. Hail and strong winds associated with the thunderstorms damaged some wheat fields and row crops in Texas and parts of Oklahoma. Crops were stressed by continued drought conditions in the Pacific Northwest. In California, dry conditions aided fieldwork and warmer weather accelerated crop development. As the month came to an end, corn was 96 percent and soybeans were 71 percent planted. Eighty percent of the corn acreage and 37 percent of the soybean crop was emerged. Planting and emergence of both crops equaled or exceeded the normal pace in most of the Corn Belt. Eighty percent of the winter wheat crop was headed and 2 percent of the acreage was harvested at month's end, near the normal pace for both stages. Cotton planting, at 82 percent, and cotton squaring, at 7 percent, were near the 5-year averages. Rice planting was nearly complete, at 98 percent, and 93 percent was emerged, well ahead of the average and last year's slow pace. Planting and emergence of small grains lagged behind the 5-year averages. Spring wheat was 85 percent planted and 65 percent emerged. Barley was 83 percent planted and 63 percent emerged. Oats were 91 percent planted and 83 percent emerged. Sorghum planting also lagged behind normal, as 44 percent was planted by the end of the month. The peanut crop was 90 percent planted, compared with 82 percent last year. Peaches: The 1999 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 2.08 billion pounds, up 6 percent from last year but 6 percent below the 1997 crop. Freestone peach production is projected at 1.03 billion pounds, 12 percent above last year but down 3 percent from 1997. Adequate chilling hours in California, along with favorable but dry weather in the Southeast, are responsible for the increase. The California Freestone crop is unchanged from the May 1 forecast at 740 million pounds, up 5 percent from last year. Adequate chilling hours over the winter season made for a larger crop with normal sized fruit for 1999. The California Clingstone crop is also unchanged from the May 1 forecast at 1,050 million pounds, up 1 percent from 1998. South Carolina's peach crop, forecast at 160 million pounds, is up 14 percent from last year and unchanged from 1997. The growing season has been favorable for most of the spring but recent conditions are dry. Georgia's peach crop is forecast at 130 million pounds, up 86 percent from 1998 but down 19 percent from 1997. The mild winter was favorable for the 1999 peach crop, unlike the 1998 crop which suffered extensive freeze and hail damage. An average crop is expected but rain is needed for the fruit to size. Winter Wheat: Harvested area is forecast at 36.0 million acres, down 1 percent from May 1 and down 10 percent from 1998. The entire decline from last month is in Kansas. Heading has reached 88 percent in the 19 states while harvest progress was just 2 percent, ranging from none in most states to 56 percent in Georgia. Soft Red Winter yields in the Delta and Southeast are generally equal to or higher than last month; Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee are at record levels. Disease problems have been minimal in Indiana. Kentucky's wheat has the highest condition rating in four years. Collective head count forecasts are at record levels in the Soft Red Objective Yield States of Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio. Head weights are above average. Prospects are for an excellent crop in Ohio. Forecasted head counts from the Objective Yield surveys in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas) are similar to last year, but with low average weights forecast. Colorado's crop is in mostly good or better condition; hail losses have been normal. The May 16 hailstorm affected all or parts of 15 counties in Kansas with damage varying widely. North-central Montana is dry. May precipitation has improved conditions in Nebraska. The Texas harvest had moved into the Low Plains by the end of May and was winding down in the Blacklands and central areas. California's non-Durum harvest progressed well during May, advancing into the San Joaquin Valley by mid-month. Eastern Oregon needs rain; cool weather has kept the crop alive so far. Washington's crop is developing slowly and could also use rain. Combined plant populations in the Pacific Northwest Objective Yield region are higher than average, but forecasted head weight is lower than normal. The Michigan winter crop is rated in good to excellent condition. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at 17.1 million bushels. This is unchanged from May 1, but down 45 percent from 1998. Arizona harvest was about 25 percent complete by June 1. The California Imperial Valley harvest was 60 percent finished by June 1, while the San Joaquin Valley crop had just started by late May. Sweet cherries: U.S. 1999 sweet cherry production is forecast at 183,000 tons, up 10 percent from 1998 but down 6 percent from 1997. California expects to rebound from last year's poor crop, the lowest since 1986. Oregon and Washington expect declines due to unfavorable weather conditions. The sweet cherry crop in California is forecast at 50,000 tons, more than triple last year's production of 15,400 tons. Growing conditions were favorable, with moderate rain and a good amount of chill hours. The Washington crop, at 80,000 tons, is 17 percent less than last year. Cool weather during the bloom period resulted in poor pollination in many areas. Production in Oregon is forecast at 53,000 tons, down 4 percent from a year ago. Bloom was heavier than last year, but poor pollination and a cool, wet spring lowered crop potential. Dried Prunes: California's 1999 production is forecast at 180,000 tons, 67 percent above last year but 16 percent below 1997. Growers had to thin their crop in the San Joaquin Valley due to heavy fruit set, despite cool, wet conditions during the blooming period. Apricots: California's 1999 apricot production is forecast at 125,000 tons, up 11 percent from last year but down 5 percent from 1997. Growers experienced one of their best blooming periods in years. Some growers are concerned about size due to heavy fruit set. Crop maturity is 10 days later than average. Florida Citrus: Citrus groves were dry for most of May, but there were a few days of hard rains and thunderstorms. Growers irrigated most of the month. The spring drought helped prolong this year's blooming cycle. By the end of the month, there were several groves still in full, open bloom. Most well cared for groves bloomed during February, March, and April, which is normal. New crop fruit is making regular progress, depending on bloom date. Harvest of Valencia oranges slowed during the month as supplies started to run low. Harvest of all grapefruit was virtually over by the end of May. Movement of Temples and Honey tangerines also ended by month's end. Caretakers have been very active with post bloom nutritional spraying and cutting cover crops. Abandoned groves and dead trees are being pushed out and burned. Growers are resetting older groves that have skips and vacancies. Texas Citrus: Shippers were finalizing operations on the 1998-99 crops by the end of May. Rains during late May were very beneficial to groves in the Rio Grande Valley. These rains helped next year's crop make good progress. California Citrus: Picking of Valencia oranges and lemons in southern California was active during May and good to excellent quality was reported. Growers in the San Joaquin Valley were trying to salvage any Valencia oranges left after December's freeze. Most of the salvageable fruit went for juice. Tree damage from the freeze was minimal and a good bloom for next season's crop was reported. California Fruits and Nuts: A cool, dry spring has slowed maturity of fruit and nut crops. Many crops are two weeks behind normal maturity. Fresh use grapes were harvested in the Coachella Valley. Major varieties picked included Perlette and Flame Seedless and quality has been good. In other areas of the state, grape growers were applying sulfur and insecticides to control mildew and insects. Stone fruit growers were thinning their crops because of the heavy set. Almond tree limbs were propped up due to the heavy nut set. Strawberry picking in the central valley continued. Grapefruit: The June 1 forecast of the U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.57 million tons, down less than 1 percent from the May forecast and down 2 percent from last season. The June 1 forecast of Florida grapefruit is decreased to 47.6 million boxes (2.02 million tons). If realized, the forecast will be down 4 percent from a year ago. The white seedless forecast continues at 18.0 million boxes (765,000 tons), down 2 percent from last season. The colored seedless forecast is reduced to 29.0 million boxes (1.23 million tons), 2 percent less than last month and 5 percent less than the 1997-98 season. The monthly Row Count survey indicated less than 5 percent of the rows remaining to be harvested. The forecast of seedy grapefruit is unchanged at 600,000 boxes (26,000 tons). All seedy grapefruit are certified in processed form and records are dependent on load tickets. Grapefruit production in Texas is forecast at 6.00 million boxes (240,000 tons), up 7 percent from May and up 25 percent from the previous season. Movement of grapefruit continues to exceed expectations as the harvesting season winds down. California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from previous forecasts. Tangerines: The U.S. tangerine crop forecast remains at 333,000 tons, down 8 percent from the previous season. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 4.95 million boxes (235,000 tons), unchanged from the May forecast. The Sunburst variety contributed nearly 70 percent to the early tangerine category with Fallglo next at more than 20 percent. Dancy and Robinson tangerines together contributed less than 10 percent to the early tangerine category. The late season Honey tangerine harvest is almost complete. The Honey utilization will be slightly less than last season, but more than any other season since 1979-80. California and Arizona tangerine forecasts are carried forward from previous forecasts. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo harvest is complete at 2.55 million boxes (115,000 tons), down 11 percent from last season and down 35 percent from the 1996-97 season. It is the smallest crop in more than 20 years, with the exception of the 2.45 million boxes (110,000 tons) from the 1995-96 season. Temples: Florida's Temple forecast remains at 1.80 million boxes (81,000 tons), 20 percent less than last season. Temple movement to June 1 is estimated at 1.77 million boxes. Some rows remain to be harvested, but usability of the fruit is questionable. Other than the 1989-90 freeze season, this is the lowest utilization in recent history. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.30 million pounds for May, 7 percent higher than April and 10 percent higher than a year ago. Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,760 acres, slightly more than last month and 17 percent more than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 2,150 acres, was unchanged from April but 1 percent lower than May 1998. May weather conditions were variable, with a mix of sunshine and showers over major papaya producing orchards. Areas along the Hamakua coast of the Big Island, where rainfall is usually ample, were experiencing declining soil moisture levels. Bartlett Pears: Production in California, Washington, and Oregon is forecast at 516,000 tons, up 10 percent from last year but 8 percent below 1997. California's expected production of 285,000 tons is 10 percent above 1998. Maturity is about ten days behind normal due to a cool spring in the growing areas, but quality and fruit size are reported to be good. In Oregon, growers expect to harvest 66,000 tons, up 2 percent from 1998. Due to longer winter weather conditions, fruit bloom was two weeks behind normal, but the bloom has been heavy indicating a larger crop than 1998. In Washington, an above average Bartlett crop is expected, but the effects of cool weather on crop maturity remain to be seen. Washington's expected production is 165,000 tons, 14 percent above 1998. Hops: Acreage strung for harvest this year in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 34,240 acres, down 7 percent from 1998 and down 21 percent from two years ago. This is the lowest level since 1988 when acreage strung for harvest was 33,400. Unfavorable market conditions across the world are resulting in less acreage in the United States. Washington, at 25,047 acres strung for harvest, accounts for 73 percent of the U.S. total. Oregon growers plan to harvest 5,822 acres, 17 percent of the U.S. total. Idaho farmers have 3,371 acres strung for harvest which account for 10 percent of the U.S. total. Spring weather conditions in all three states were cooler and wetter than normal resulting in hop development being about one to two weeks later than normal. Some powdery mildew was detected in Washington, but growers are controlling the situation. Sugar Crops: Sugarbeet production in 1998 was a record 32.6 million tons, 2 percent above the previous record established in 1994. The area harvested was revised to 1.45 million acres, up 2 percent from the previous year. The yield was a record 22.5 tons per acre, 1.6 tons above the 1997 yield of 20.9 tons per acre. Record high yields and production in Minnesota and North Dakota more than offset yield and production decreases in California, Michigan, and Wyoming. Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 1998 is estimated at a record high 34.7 million tons, 9 percent above the previous record established in 1997. Area harvested for sugar production totaled to 888,300 acres, 3 percent above a year ago. Area for sugar and seed totaled 947,100 acres, up 4 percent from 1997. The estimated yield for sugar and seed production is estimated at 36.6 tons per acre, 1.9 tons above the 1997 yield of 34.7 tons per acre. Processing extended well into January in Louisiana, while Florida mills remained open until mid-April. Sweet Potatoes: The final estimate of 1998 sweet potato production is 12.4 million cwt, up 4 percent from the preliminary estimate made in January but 7 percent below the 1997 crop. Harvested acreage of 83,800 acres was unchanged from January, but 2 percent higher than a year earlier. The average yield of 148 cwt per acre was up 6 cwt from the preliminary January yield, but 14 cwt below the average yield of the1997 crop. Dry weather lowered the yields from South Carolina to Texas. Maple Syrup: The 1999 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.18 million gallons, up 2 percent from last year. The preliminary value of production, at $32.3 million, is up less than one percent from 1998. This slight increase was due to higher production offsetting a lower average price. Vermont led all states in production with 370,000 gallons, an increase of 3 percent from last season. New York's production, at 195,000 gallons, decreased 16 percent from 1998. This is the third consecutive year that New York's production has declined. Maine was the third leading state with 187,000 gallons, up 10 percent from last year. The 1999 maple season was less than favorable for all New England states except Connecticut and Maine. Temperatures ranged from too warm to too cold for good sap flow in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont, but were favorable in Connecticut and Maine. New York also experienced less than ideal temperatures, ranging from too warm in February to too cold in March. Syrup quality in New York was reported good and grade was above average. Temperatures in Michigan and Wisconsin were too warm in March, reducing adequate flow. Temperatures in Ohio and Pennsylvania were mostly favorable. Yield per tap varied among states, with five states averaging above a year ago and the remaining states averaging below last year. The 1999 tapping season started 3 days later than last year but lasted only 1 day less than a year ago. Syrup color was primarily medium to light amber in all States. The sap's sugar content was about average for most states. Reliability of June 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 7 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in ten States that accounted for 74 percent of the 1998 production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 6,800 wheat producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 winter wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by expressing the deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1979-1998 20-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.61 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.7 percent or approximately 92 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.8 percent or approximately 158 million bushels. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 84 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-3843 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Rhonda Brandt - Corn (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice, Barley (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4488 Howard Hill - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 Harry Nishimoto - Hops (360) 902-1940 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on July 12, 1999. 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