Cr Pr 2-2 (4-00)a Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released April 11, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. U.S. Orange Production Up 1 Percent All oranges production forecast for 1999-00 is 12.9 million tons, up 1 percent from last month's forecast and 31 percent above last season's revised final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast is 228 million boxes (10.3 million tons), 1 percent higher than the March 1 forecast and 23 percent higher than the 186 million boxes (8.37 million tons) utilized last season. Florida's early and midseason variety forecast remains at 134 million boxes (6.03 million tons) and is 20 percent higher than last season. Harvest is nearly complete. Florida's Valencia forecast increases to 94.0 million boxes (4.23 million tons), 2 percent higher than last month and 27 percent above last season's final utilization. The increase is primarily due to abnormally small fruit droppage. This represents the second lowest droppage in the last 30 non-freeze seasons. Fruit size is slightly larger than average and weight per fruit is well above average. California's all orange production forecast of 67.0 million boxes (2.51 million tons) is unchanged from January and is 86 percent higher than last season's revised final utilization. Texas orange production is forecast at 1.80 million boxes (77,000 tons), up 6 percent from last month and 26 percent above last season. If realized, it will be the largest orange crop since the 1988-89 season when 1.85 million boxes were utilized. The Arizona orange forecast is decreased to 900,000 boxes (34,000 tons), 14 percent lower than the previous forecast and 22 percent below last season. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1999-00 season is unchanged from last month at 1.54 gallons per box of 42.0 degree Brix concentrate. This projected yield is down from last season's record high 1.63 gallons per box. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.48 gallons per box, while the late type (Valencia) orange yield is projected at 1.64 gallons per box, the same as in March. This report was approved on April 11, 2000. Secretary of Agriculture Dan Glickman Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Frederic A. Vogel Contents Page Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Peanuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1997-98, 1998-99 and Forecasted April 1, 2000 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 3/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 4/ : AZ : 350 550 550 13 21 21 CA : 44,000 21,000 40,000 1,650 787 1,500 FL : 140,000 112,000 134,000 6,300 5,040 6,030 TX : 1,350 1,250 1,500 57 53 64 US : 185,700 134,800 176,050 8,020 5,901 7,615 Valencia : AZ : 650 600 350 25 22 13 CA : 25,000 15,000 27,000 938 563 1,013 FL : 104,000 74,000 94,000 4,680 3,330 4,230 TX : 175 180 300 7 8 13 US : 129,825 89,780 121,650 5,650 3,923 5,269 All : AZ : 1,000 1,150 900 38 43 34 CA : 69,000 36,000 67,000 2,588 1,350 2,513 FL : 244,000 186,000 228,000 10,980 8,370 10,260 TX : 1,525 1,430 1,800 64 61 77 US : 315,525 224,580 297,700 13,670 9,824 12,884 Temples : FL : 2,250 1,800 2,100 101 81 95 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL 5/ : 18,300 17,800 18,500 777 757 786 Colored Seedless : FL 6/ : 30,600 28,700 27,000 1,301 1,220 1,148 Other : FL : 650 550 500 28 23 21 All : AZ : 800 750 850 27 25 28 CA : 8,000 7,500 8,000 268 251 268 FL 5/ 6/ : 49,550 47,050 46,000 2,106 2,000 1,955 TX : 4,800 6,100 5,500 192 244 220 US : 63,150 61,400 60,350 2,593 2,520 2,471 Tangerines : AZ 7/ : 600 950 900 23 36 34 CA 7/ : 2,400 1,500 2,100 90 56 79 FL : 5,200 4,950 6,800 247 235 323 US : 8,200 7,400 9,800 360 327 436 Lemons : AZ : 2,600 3,450 3,100 99 131 118 CA : 21,000 16,200 20,000 798 616 760 US : 23,600 19,650 23,100 897 747 878 Tangelos : FL : 2,850 2,550 2,200 128 115 99 K-Early Citrus : FL : 40 80 110 2 4 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ 1998-99 revised. 3/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 4/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 5/ Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6/ Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group, State, and United States, 1998-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : : Seasonal :---------------------------------: Yield : Production Group : Planted : Harvested : : and :------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 :1999 :2000 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 Acres -------- -- Cwt -- ----- 1,000 Cwt ---- : Winter : CA : 8.5 9.0 8.5 9.0 260 320 1,540 2,210 2,880 FL : 9.6 8.2 9.3 8.0 200 230 1,440 1,860 1,840 : Total : 18.1 17.2 17.8 17.0 229 278 2,980 4,070 4,720 : Spring : AL 1/ : 1.7 1.6 175 221 280 AZ : 10.0 11.0 9.6 11.0 315 290 2,268 3,024 3,190 CA : 19.0 19.5 19.0 19.5 400 340 6,198 7,600 6,630 FL : 28.8 25.0 28.0 24.0 315 250 7,358 8,820 6,000 Hastings : 21.5 17.5 21.0 17.0 330 250 5,758 6,930 4,250 Other FL : 7.3 7.5 7.0 7.0 270 250 1,600 1,890 1,750 NC 2/ : 17.0 17.5 16.5 17.0 200 200 3,325 3,300 3,400 TX : 10.3 9.8 9.8 9.3 235 230 1,751 2,303 2,139 : Total : 86.8 82.8 84.5 80.8 300 264 21,121 25,327 21,359 : Summer 3/ : AL 1/ : 3.5 2.8 220 559 616 CA : 6.7 6.7 360 2,166 2,412 CO : 7.6 7.4 320 2,625 2,368 DE : 4.3 4.3 250 1,012 1,075 IL : 4.9 4.7 350 1,421 1,645 IA 4/ : 1.1 0.8 225 306 180 MD : 4.8 4.7 240 1,081 1,128 MO : 8.0 6.2 295 1,892 1,829 NE 5/ : 4.9 4.5 360 1,606 1,620 NJ : 2.6 2.5 250 702 625 NM : 4.3 4.3 290 962 1,247 NC 2/ : 1.0 1.0 110 105 110 TX : 8.6 8.0 370 3,116 2,960 VA : 6.5 6.0 175 1,380 1,050 : Total : 68.8 63.9 295 18,933 18,865 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Spring estimates to be combined with summer starting with 2000 crop year. 2/ Summer estimates combined with spring starting with 2000 crop year. 3/ 1999 revised. 4/ Estimates discontinued starting with 2000 crop year. 5/ Summer estimates to be combined with fall starting with 2000 crop year. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Feb : 3,700 3,225 2,135 1,600 2,985 3,650 Mar : 3,735 3,040 2,100 1,580 3,155 4,195 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peanuts: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 198.0 207.0 197.0 206.0 FL : 98.0 102.0 90.0 94.0 GA : 540.0 546.0 537.0 544.0 NM : 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 NC : 125.0 126.0 124.5 124.0 OK : 80.0 83.0 75.0 79.0 SC : 12.0 11.5 11.5 11.0 TX : 370.0 360.0 335.0 280.0 VA : 76.0 77.0 75.0 76.0 : US : 1,521.0 1,534.5 1,467.0 1,436.0 : :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Pounds ------ ------ 1,000 Pounds ----- : AL : 2,195 2,175 432,415 448,050 FL : 2,590 2,770 233,100 260,380 GA : 2,815 2,575 1,511,655 1,400,800 NM : 2,820 2,800 62,040 61,600 NC : 3,190 2,410 397,155 298,840 OK : 2,130 2,400 159,750 189,600 SC : 2,450 2,300 28,175 25,300 TX : 2,740 3,310 917,900 926,800 VA : 2,950 2,870 221,250 218,120 : US : 2,702 2,667 3,963,440 3,829,490 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1999 revised. Peanuts: Farm Marketing Percents by Month, State, and United States, 1998 and 1999 Crop Years -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Year: : : : : : : and : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan 1/ : Feb State : : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : 1998 Crop : AL : 17.5 65.3 14.4 2.5 0.3 FL : 21.6 68.8 7.9 0.9 0.8 GA : 26.0 65.1 7.6 1.2 0.1 NC : 2.6 75.9 14.4 2.9 4.0 0.2 TX : 1.8 41.1 43.4 7.7 5.9 0.1 VA : 3.7 65.2 16.6 8.0 6.5 : US : 14.9 60.6 18.5 3.5 2.4 0.1 : 1999 Crop : AL : 2.6 44.6 46.0 6.3 0.5 FL : 5.1 50.7 40.6 3.5 0.1 GA : 1.9 41.8 44.1 11.8 0.4 NC : 52.4 39.2 4.4 4.0 TX : 1.1 1.7 47.0 31.3 8.4 10.5 VA : 60.3 32.1 5.3 2.3 : US : 1.7 26.3 46.6 19.1 3.1 3.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Peanuts: Price and Value by State and United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Pound : Value of Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Dollars ------ ----- 1,000 Dollars ---- : AL : 0.296 0.268 127,995 120,077 FL : 0.298 0.232 69,464 60,408 GA : 0.303 0.272 458,031 381,018 NM : 0.329 0.274 20,411 16,878 NC : 0.269 0.276 106,835 82,480 OK : 0.308 0.280 49,203 53,088 SC : 0.276 0.267 7,776 6,755 TX : 0.246 0.206 225,803 190,921 VA : 0.273 0.275 60,401 59,983 : US : 0.284 0.254 1,125,919 971,608 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1999 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 5,223.0 5,733.0 4,758.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 77,431.0 77,881.0 70,537.0 Corn for Silage : 6,062.0 Hay, All : 63,160.0 63,052.0 Alfalfa : 23,985.0 All Other : 39,175.0 Oats : 4,670.0 4,351.0 2,453.0 2,473.0 Proso Millet : 600.0 540.0 Rice : 3,581.0 3,395.0 3,562.0 Rye : 1,582.0 383.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,288.0 8,979.0 8,544.0 Sorghum for Silage : 320.0 Wheat, All : 62,814.0 61,664.0 53,909.0 Winter : 43,431.0 43,245.0 35,572.0 Durum : 4,035.0 3,610.0 3,569.0 Other Spring : 15,348.0 14,809.0 14,768.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,076.0 1,516.0 1,044.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 387.0 382.0 Mustard Seed : 60.8 58.8 Peanuts : 1,534.5 1,474.0 1,436.0 Rapeseed : 4.6 4.4 Safflower : 275.0 262.0 Soybeans for Beans : 73,780.0 74,871.0 72,476.0 Sunflower : 3,553.0 3,047.0 3,441.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 14,855.0 15,558.0 13,381.0 Upland : 14,565.0 15,341.0 13,093.0 Amer-Pima : 290.0 217.0 288.0 Sugarbeets : 1,562.7 1,577.5 1,527.1 Sugarcane : 991.2 Tobacco : 644.3 500.7 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 6.1 4.4 Dry Edible Beans : 2,023.0 1,836.7 1,877.0 Dry Edible Peas : 281.6 263.6 Lentils : 182.0 174.5 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.4 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.4 Hops : 34.3 Peppermint Oil : 106.3 Potatoes, All : 1,376.7 1,332.3 Winter : 18.1 17.2 17.8 17.0 Spring : 86.8 82.8 84.5 80.8 Summer : 68.8 63.9 Fall : 1,203.0 1,166.1 Spearmint Oil : 24.4 Sweet Potatoes : 93.3 93.7 82.9 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------ 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 59.2 281,853 Corn for Grain : " : 133.8 9,437,337 Corn for Silage : Ton : 15.9 96,169 Hay, All : " : 2.52 159,077 Alfalfa : " : 3.50 83,924 All Other : " : 1.92 75,153 Oats : Bu : 59.6 146,218 Proso Millet : " : 33.2 17,910 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,908 210,458 Rye : Bu : 28.7 10,993 Sorghum for Grain : " : 69.7 595,166 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 11.6 3,716 Wheat, All : Bu : 42.7 2,302,443 Winter : " : 47.8 1,699,989 Durum : " : 27.8 99,322 Other Spring : " : 34.1 503,132 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,306 1,363,680 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 6,422 Flaxseed : Bu : 20.6 7,880 Mustard Seed : Lb : 816 48,010 Peanuts : " : 2,667 3,829,490 Rapeseed : " : 1,155 5,080 Safflower : " : 1,545 404,715 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 36.5 2,642,908 Sunflower : Lb : 1,262 4,341,862 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 608 16,952.9 Upland 2/ : " : 596 16,257.4 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,159 695.5 Sugarbeets : Ton : 21.8 33,319 Sugarcane : " : 35.9 35,551 Tobacco : Lb : 1,980 1,275,438 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,364 60 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,770 33,230 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,908 5,030 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,368 2,387 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 658 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,640 10,500 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 46,000 16,100 Hops : " : 1,881 64,456 Peppermint Oil : " : 71 7,537 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 359 478,109 Winter : " : 229 278 4,070 4,720 Spring : " : 300 264 25,327 21,359 Summer : " : 295 18,865 Fall : " : 369 429,847 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 101 2,454 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 145 11,980 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 6,800 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ 3/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,593 2,520 2,471 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 2 4 5 Lemons : " : 897 747 878 Oranges : " : 13,670 9,824 12,884 Tangelos (FL) : " : 128 115 99 Tangerines : " : 360 327 436 Temples (FL) : " : 101 81 95 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 11,648.4 10,741.3 Apricots : Ton : 118.5 90.8 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 21,000.0 25,000.0 Grapes : Ton : 5,820.0 6,169.4 Olives (CA) : " : 90.0 145.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 39,900.0 42,000.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,401.3 2,521.4 Pears : Ton : 955.1 981.6 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 108.0 178.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 25.6 22.9 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 520,000 830,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 15.5 38.0 Pecans : Lb : 146,400 341,700 Pistachios (CA) : " : 188,000 123,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 227.0 283.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,159 1,180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3/ 1998-99 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,113,700 2,320,090 1,925,520 Corn for Grain 2/ :31,335,550 31,517,660 28,545,620 Corn for Silage : 2,453,230 Hay, All 3/ : 25,560,220 25,516,510 Alfalfa : 9,706,490 All Other : 15,853,730 Oats : 1,889,900 1,760,810 992,700 1,000,800 Proso Millet : 242,810 218,530 Rice : 1,449,190 1,373,920 1,441,510 Rye : 640,220 155,000 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,758,760 3,633,710 3,457,670 Sorghum for Silage : 129,500 Wheat, All 3/ :25,420,200 24,954,800 21,816,430 Winter :17,576,090 17,500,820 14,395,630 Durum : 1,632,920 1,460,930 1,444,340 Other Spring : 6,211,180 5,993,050 5,976,460 : Oilseeds : Canola : 435,450 613,510 422,500 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 156,620 154,590 Mustard Seed : 24,610 23,800 Peanuts : 621,000 596,510 581,130 Rapeseed : 1,860 1,780 Safflower : 111,290 106,030 Soybeans for Beans :29,858,030 30,299,540 29,330,310 Sunflower : 1,437,860 1,233,090 1,392,540 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 6,011,670 6,296,170 5,415,160 Upland : 5,894,310 6,208,350 5,298,610 Amer-Pima : 117,360 87,820 116,550 Sugarbeets : 632,410 638,400 618,000 Sugarcane : 401,130 Tobacco : 260,720 202,630 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 2,470 1,780 Dry Edible Beans : 818,690 743,290 759,600 Dry Edible Peas : 113,960 106,680 Lentils : 73,650 70,620 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,590 Ginger Root (HI) : 140 Hops : 13,860 Peppermint Oil : 43,020 Potatoes, All 3/ : 557,140 539,170 Winter : 7,320 6,960 7,200 6,880 Spring : 35,130 33,510 34,200 32,700 Summer : 27,840 25,860 Fall : 486,840 471,910 Spearmint Oil : 9,870 Sweet Potatoes : 37,760 37,920 33,550 Taro (HI) 4/ : 200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.19 6,136,620 Corn for Grain : 8.40 239,719,400 Corn for Silage : 35.56 87,243,050 Hay, All 2/ : 5.65 144,312,230 Alfalfa : 7.84 76,134,570 All Other : 4.30 68,177,650 Oats : 2.14 2,122,350 Proso Millet : 1.86 406,190 Rice : 6.62 9,546,210 Rye : 1.80 279,240 Sorghum for Grain : 4.37 15,117,910 Sorghum for Silage : 26.03 3,371,100 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.87 62,662,230 Winter : 3.21 46,266,120 Durum : 1.87 2,703,100 Other Spring : 2.29 13,693,010 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.46 618,550 Cottonseed 3/ : 5,826,300 Flaxseed : 1.29 200,160 Mustard Seed : 0.92 21,780 Peanuts : 2.99 1,737,030 Rapeseed : 1.29 2,300 Safflower : 1.73 183,580 Soybeans for Beans : 2.45 71,928,170 Sunflower : 1.41 1,969,440 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.68 3,691,060 Upland : 0.67 3,539,630 Amer-Pima : 1.30 151,430 Sugarbeets : 48.91 30,226,490 Sugarcane : 80.40 32,251,320 Tobacco : 2.22 578,530 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.53 2,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.98 1,507,290 Dry Edible Peas : 2.14 228,160 Lentils : 1.53 108,270 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 29,850 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.84 4,760 Ginger Root (HI) : 51.56 7,300 Hops : 2.11 29,240 Peppermint Oil : 0.08 3,420 Potatoes, All 2/ : 40.22 21,686,660 Winter : 25.63 31.12 184,610 214,100 Spring : 33.59 29.63 1,148,810 968,830 Summer : 33.09 855,700 Fall : 41.32 19,497,530 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,110 Sweet Potatoes : 16.20 543,400 Taro (HI) 3/ : 3,080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ 3/ : Grapefruit : 2,352,330 2,286,110 2,241,650 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 1,810 3,630 4,540 Lemons : 813,740 677,670 796,510 Oranges : 12,401,220 8,912,180 11,688,170 Tangelos (FL) : 116,120 104,330 89,810 Tangerines : 326,590 296,650 395,530 Temples (FL) : 91,630 73,480 86,180 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 5,283,630 4,872,170 Apricots : 107,500 82,370 Bananas (HI) : 9,530 11,340 Grapes : 5,279,770 5,596,810 Olives (CA) : 81,650 131,540 Papayas (HI) : 18,100 19,050 Peaches : 1,089,210 1,143,690 Pears : 866,490 890,450 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 97,980 161,480 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 23,220 20,770 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 235,870 376,480 Hazelnuts : 14,060 34,470 Pecans : 66,410 154,990 Pistachios (CA) : 85,280 55,790 Walnuts (CA) : 205,930 256,730 Maple Syrup : 5,790 5,900 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3/ 1998-99 revised. March Weather Summary An active storm track brought frequent, generally beneficial precipitation to key hard red winter wheat areas of the central and southern Plains, although a few areas in southern Kansas and northern Oklahoma turned unfavorably wet. The precipitation arrived too late on the southern High Plains to provide significant relief to dryland winter wheat, but boosted summer crop pre-planting moisture. Meanwhile, areas from eastern Texas into the Southeast received frequent showers, benefiting pastures and newly planted summer crops, but failing to significantly dent long-term drought. Rainfall intensified at month's end across the South, especially in the lower Mississippi Valley, causing fieldwork delays. In contrast, significant precipitation bypassed central portions of Texas and Florida, while southern Texas turned very warm and dry after mid-month, following much-needed rainfall. Farther north, occasional light precipitation dampened soft red winter wheat areas of the southern and eastern Corn Belt. Across the remainder of the Corn Belt, mostly dry weather left topsoil moisture limited and caused further long-term drought intensification. Meanwhile, wetter-than-normal weather prevailed in the Southwest, interior Northwest, and along and near the northern Atlantic Coast. California's 9-week wet spell ended in early March, followed by 3 weeks of mild, favorably dry weather that permitted an acceleration of spring fieldwork. Continuing a recent trend, temperatures averaged above normal nearly nationwide. The last time a significant portion of the nation reported below-normal monthly temperatures was October 1999, when cool weather prevailed in most areas east of the Rockies. March temperatures averaged 3 to 11 degrees F above normal east of the Rockies, except only 1 to 3 degrees F above normal in several locations from the central and southern Plains into the Southeast. Departures were at least +6 degrees F in southern Texas and as much as +11 degrees F from North Dakota to Michigan. Temperatures averaged within 3 degrees F of normal in most areas from the West Coast to the Rockies. March Crop Summary Above-normal temperatures stimulated winter wheat development in the Great Plains and Corn Belt most of the month. Winter wheat growth and conditions also benenfited from above-normal precipitation in most of the central Great Plains and parts of the southern and northern Great Plains. In the Corn Belt, rainfall was below-normal for the month, but soil moisture supplies were mostly adequate to support soft red winter wheat development in the eastern Corn Belt and along the Ohio and Missouri River Valleys. Hail and strong winds associated with isolated severe thunderstorms damaged a few wheat fields in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Excess moisture promoted development of foliar diseases and yellowing in parts of Oklahoma and Kansas. Early-month warmth stimulated germination and emergence of some late-planted wheat fields in Kansas, while most fields advanced to the jointing stage in Oklahoma. Rain eased moisture shortages and boosted wheat conditions in eastern Texas early in the month. Dryland wheat fields in the High Plains received a much needed boost from late-month thunderstorms, although soil moisture supplies remained precariously low. Four percent of the Nation's winter wheat was at the heading stage on April 2, slightly ahead of last year and the average for this date. In Texas, winter wheat was 11 percent headed, nearly double the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the Oklahoma wheat acreage was at the jointing stage or beyond, and 8 percent was heading. Both stages were well ahead of last year and the 5-year average. Development was also ahead of normal in Louisiana, where 7 percent of the crop was turning color, and in Kansas, where 44 percent was jointing. Winter wheat was 15 percent headed in North Carolina, three times the 5-percent average. Dry weather aided fieldwork along the western Gulf Coast, where corn planting remained active early in the month. Planting rapidly advanced northward from the Coastal Bend in southern Texas into portions of the North Central region in eastern Texas. Periodic light showers aided emergence in both areas. By the end of the month, planting was complete along the Gulf Coast and over half of the acreage was planted Statewide. Cotton planting expanded in the Coastal Bend and South Texas and progressed slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Rice planting began along the Gulf Coast early in the month and progressed well ahead of the average in Texas and Louisiana, despite water shortages. Growers also planted sorghum and soybeans along the Gulf Coast and inland regions of southern Texas. In the Corn Belt, field preparations began near mid-month and accelerated as Spring began with above normal temperatures and below normal precipitation. As the month ended, fertilizer applications were more than 50 percent complete in Iowa. By April 2, two percent of the corn acreage was planted, equal to last year's pace and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Nearly ideal planting conditions prevailed along the Ohio and Tennessee River Valleys. Progress was ahead of normal in Missouri, Kentucky, and Tennessee. A wet weather pattern continued along the Pacific Coast from central California to the Canadian border until mid-month. In northern California, fieldwork was frequently halted by muddy conditions early in the month. In low-lying areas, plants began yellowing due to standing water. In more mature grain fields, plants lodged due to excessive rain and strong winds. Growth of winter forages and corn was slow in some areas due to below-normal temperatures. Fields prepared for corn planting were temporarily idled, while growers waited for drier soil conditions. Orchard activities, including fruit harvest, were delayed by rain in some areas, but remained active in southern California. A dry weather pattern returned along the Pacific coast near mid-month and fieldwork resumed as excess moisture slowly drained from soggy fields. In northern California, winter grains slowly recovered from excessive wetness, while warm weather promoted rapid crop development where soils were drier. In the Southeast, rain boosted soil moisture supplies in the southern Appalachians and adjacent Piedmont, but drier-than-normal conditions continued in the Atlantic Coastal Plains and along the Gulf Coast. In Florida, sugarcane harvest neared completion and growers prepared fields for spring crops. Citrus growers regularly irrigated groves to maintain tree and fruit conditions. Well cared for trees produced ample new growth and bloom buds. Four percent of the cotton acreage was planted on April 2, equal to last year and the 5-year average. Field preparations were delayed by rain in parts of the lower Mississippi Valley and Southeast, but continued with few delays in the Atlantic Coastal Plains. Grapefruit: The U.S. forecast of the 1999-00 grapefruit crop is 2.47 million tons, up less than 1 percent from last month but down 2 percent from last season. The Florida grapefruit forecast remains unchanged at 46.0 million boxes (1.96 million tons). White seedless continues at 18.5 million boxes (786,000 tons) and the colored varieties remain at 27.0 million boxes (1.15 million tons). If realized, the white seedless will be 4 percent higher than last season, but the colored seedless will be 6 percent less than last season. Both seedless types continue to show sizes smaller than last season and the nine-season average. Droppage is slightly below average for whites and slightly above average for colored varieties. Lagging maturity has delayed the harvest. Spot picking for size and early bloom fruit has been more prevalent this season. Picking for processing is increasing as plants have finished early and midseason variety oranges. The seedy grapefruit forecast remains at 500,000 boxes (21,000 tons), 9 percent below last season. Final utilization is dependent on load tickets at the processing plant and has been less than 1.00 million boxes for the past three seasons. California's grapefruit forecast continues at 8.00 million boxes (268,000 tons), 7 percent higher than last season. Fruit showed substantial growth during March after sluggish growth earlier in the growing season. The Texas grapefruit forecast remains at 5.50 million boxes (220,000 tons), down 10 percent from last season. Arizona's grapefruit forecast is 850,000 boxes (28,000 tons), up 6 percent from January's forecast and up 13 percent from the 1998-99 season. Tangerines: The 1999-00 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 436,000 tons, down 3 percent from the previous forecast but up 33 percent from last season. Florida's tangerine forecast remains at a record large 6.80 million boxes (323,000 tons), 37 percent larger than last season. The only early variety tangerine left to be harvested is the Sunburst variety, which continues to be used for processing. The late season Honey tangerine harvest is approximately two-thirds complete. Most of the Florida Honey tangerines are certified for fresh use. California's tangerine forecast is down 9 percent from January to 2.10 million boxes (79,000 tons). If realized, it will be 40 percent higher than last year's final utilization. The fruit has excellent color and eating quality. Arizona's forecast is 900,000 boxes (34,000 tons), 18 percent less than the January forecast and 5 percent lower than last season. Quality is good, but sunburn has been a problem. Lemons: The 1999-00 lemon forecast for United States is 878,000 tons, down 4 percent from the January forecast but up 18 percent from last season. California production is forecast at 20.0 million boxes (760,000 tons), 5 percent less than the previous forecast but 23 percent more than the previous season. Harvesting was delayed during February and March due to heavy precipitation. In the south coastal growing region, the season is up to six weeks later than normal. However, harvesting in the desert area is nearly complete. Heavy winds have caused slight damage. Statewide, fruit quality is good with few grade and condition problems. The Arizona lemon crop is forecast at 3.10 million boxes (118,000 tons), unchanged from the January forecast but down 10 percent from the previous season. Size and quality are average. Wind damage has also been a problem. Tangelos: The 1999-00 Florida tangelo forecast decreases to 2.20 million boxes (99,000 tons), 12 percent lower than last month and 14 percent less than last season's final utilization. Based on current utilization, the reduction is necessary since the harvest is now virtually complete. Only a small number of rows have yet to be harvested. Temples: Florida's 1999-00 Temple forecast is 2.10 million boxes (94,500 tons), unchanged from the March 1 forecast but 17 percent higher than last season's utilization. If realized, it will be the third smallest utilization since the record high 6.00 million boxes harvested in 1979-80. The crop is lagging in maturity, but is over 80 percent harvested. Florida Citrus: March was a very dry month in virtually all citrus producing counties. There were only two or three rainy days that produced up to an inch of rain in most areas. Growers and caretakers irrigated around the clock to maintain good tree condition. New growth and bloom buds were present in all areas. Valencia and navel orange trees bloomed the heaviest and longest which is normal for these two types of citrus. Most all trees have had a good bloom period this spring. Some groves have had petal drop, while others are in full open bloom. Harvest of early and midseason oranges was virtually over by the end of March. Movement of Valencias for processing is increasing with the additional labor from the early and midseason orange picking crews. Harvest of grapefruit for both fresh and processing is very active with most of the fruit coming from the lower east coast. Most Temples are being processed, while Honey tangerines are being packed for fresh use. Caretakers have been cutting cover crops, spraying, and hedging and topping harvested groves. Texas Citrus: The early and midseason orange harvest is complete. The Valencia orange harvest is well underway and fruit quality is good. Grapefruit harvesting is more than 90 percent complete with mostly fair quality. Most of the State received good rains in March, but these rains missed the Rio Grande Valley for the most part. California Citrus: Navel orange picking continued during March with approximately two-thirds of the crop picked by April 1. Quality was good for the most part, but growers were concerned about puff and crease. Picking of Valencia oranges in the desert area continued with good quality reported. Substantial rainfall in January and February enhanced growth for both Navel and Valencia oranges. The harvest of lemons in the desert area was near completion by the end of March. Heavy winds scarred some fruit. Picking accelerated in the San Joaquin Valley. In the south coastal region, the season is four to six weeks later than normal due to heavy rains in January and February. Statewide, fruit quality was good. The dry March weather aided grapefruit harvesting in southern California. In the San Joaquin Valley, harvest of Satsuma tangerines was active with good quality reported. In southern California, Fairchild tangerines were in good condition. Overall color and eating quality were good, but some wind scar and sunburn were reported. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Warm and sunny spring weather during March allowed growers to work in their orchards and vineyards. Activities included planting new trees and vines, weed control, and applying fungicides to stone fruit and almond trees. Almond trees completed blooming early in March. By the end of the month, stone fruit and grape vines were leafing out. Strawberry fields in the San Joaquin Valley were blooming and setting fruit. Winter Potatoes: Production of California and Florida winter potatoes in 2000 is estimated at 4.72 million cwt, up 3 percent from the January forecast and 16 percent above last year. Area for harvest, at 17,000 acres, is down 6 percent from January and 4 percent from a year ago. The average yield of 278 cwt per acre, is up 22 cwt from January and 49 cwt from a year ago. California's growing season was relatively good. The winter crop developed without significant frost or disease problems. California yields improved 20 cwt per acre from the January forecast and were well above a year ago, but harvested acreage was down from January. Florida's winter potato production improved 15 percent from the January 1 forecast. Florida had nearly ideal growing and harvest conditions. Spring Potatoes: Program changes for crop year 2000 combines Alabama spring production with their summer estimate and will be published in June. North Carolina combined their spring and summer estimates into the spring forecast. Spring production in 2000 is forecast at 21.4 million cwt, down 15 percent from comparable totals last year but 2 percent above 1998. Area for harvest is estimated at 80,800 acres, down 4 percent from last year, and 10 percent short of 1998. The average yield is forecast at 264 cwt per acre, down 36 cwt from last year's comparable yield but up 31 cwt from two years ago. Florida's total spring acreage for harvest is expected to be down 14 percent from last year, with a 19 percent cut in the Hastings area. Late planting stretched into mid-March. Open winter weather provided good growing conditions in spite of early, dry soils. Harvest of "other" potatoes is active. Hastings growers expect to begin digging in mid to late April. Early planted fields are lapping middles of the rows. Acreage in California is estimated to be up 3 percent from last year. Cool, wet weather in February slowed germination and growth in some areas, although most of the crop is progressing normally. Harvest should start in late April or early May and continue through mid-July. Yields will average 340 cwt per acre, well short of the record high in 1999. Arizona's acreage for harvest is forecast at 11,000 acres, up 15 percent from a year ago. Harvest started in early April in Yuma and should be underway by the end of the month in Central Arizona. In Texas, conditions are dry, but potatoes look good at this time. North Carolina's former summer crop will be included in the spring season estimate this year. Combined acreage figures indicate a 3 percent decline in overall acreage. North Carolina's planting was ahead of normal, with 98 percent planted by early April. Summer Potatoes, 1999 Revisions: The 1999 summer production estimate was revised downward 2 percent from the preliminary estimate in the Annual Crop Summary in January. Production now stands at 18.9 million cwt, down slightly from last year but 4 percent above 1997 output. Harvest covered 63,900 acres, down 6 percent from the previous year, while the average yield of 295 cwt per acre gained 17 cwt from 1998. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 4.20 million pounds for March, 15 percent above last month and 33 percent above last year. Area in crop totaled 3,040 acres, 6 percent lower than a month ago and 19 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 1,580 acres, was 1 percent lower than February and 25 percent lower than last March. Higher yields from the new disease resistant variety, along with increased acreage in new areas of the State not as affected by disease, are responsible for the boost in output in spite of a decline in harvested acres. Continued dry weather for most of March, following the driest February of record, had an adverse effect on orchards in the major production areas of Hawaii Island. Growers rely primarily on rainfall, since there is minimal irrigation at these locations. Good rains started to fall during the last week of the month, but the prolonged dry spell caused a gap in flowering and is expected to affect production levels in five to six months. Peanuts, 1999 Final: U.S. peanut production in 1999 totaled 3.83 billion pounds, down 3 percent from the 1998 crop and down 1 percent from the January estimate. Planted area totaled 1.53 million acres, up 1 percent from 1998. Harvested acreage totaled 1.44 million acres, a decrease of 2 percent from 1998. The U.S. yield per harvested acre averaged 2,667 pounds, down 35 pounds from 1998. Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) totaled 2.13 billion pounds, down 3 percent from 1998. Yield in the 4-State area averaged 2,497 pounds, down 143 pounds from a year earlier. Georgia remained the leading peanut producer with 37 percent of the total U.S. peanut production. Virginia and North Carolina growers produced 517 million pounds of peanuts in 1999, down 16 percent from 1998. Yields averaged 2,585 pounds, 515 pounds below 1998. The Southwest crop (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) totaled 1.18 billion pounds, 3 percent above the 1998 total. Texas production and yield were the largest on record. Area harvested in the 3-State area was down 12 percent from a year ago. Yield averaged 3,092 pounds per acre, 454 pounds above the 1998 average. The 1999 marketing year average price received by farmers for peanuts was 25.4 cents per pound, down 3.0 cents from 1998. The value of production for the 1999 crop totaled $972 million, down 14 percent from a year ago. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4488 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on May 12, 2000. 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