Cr Pr 2-2 (6-00) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released June 9, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 5 Percent from 1999 All Orange Production Up 1 Percent from May 1 Forecast Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.62 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the May 1 forecast and 5 percent below 1999. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre, down 0.8 bushel from the last forecast. Grain area totals 34.7 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Hard Red production is down 3 percent from a month ago to 944 million bushels. White Winter is up 1 percent from last month. Soft Red is up 1 percent from the last forecast and now totals 448 million bushels. All oranges production forecast for 1999-00 is 13.0 million tons, up 1 percent from last month's forecast and 32 percent above last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast is 230 million boxes (10.4 million tons), up 1 percent from the May forecast. If realized, it will be the second largest utilized crop and 24 percent higher than the 186 million boxes (8.37 million tons) utilized last season. Florida's early and midseason variety forecast is final at 134 million boxes (6.03 million tons), 20 percent higher than last season. Their Valencia forecast, at 96.0 million boxes (4.32 million tons), is 2 percent above last month's forecast and 30 percent higher than last season's final utilization. Texas orange production is forecast at 1.70 million boxes (73,000 tons), unchanged from last month. If realized, it will be 19 percent larger than last season's utilization and the largest orange crop since the 1988-89 season when 1.85 million boxes were utilized. Harvest was complete by the end of May. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from April's forecast. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast is increased from 1.54 gallons of 42.0 degree Brix concentrate per box to 1.55 gallons. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.48 gallons per box as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The late season (Valencia) orange yield forecast is increased from 1.66 gallons per box to 1.67 gallons. This will be the lowest yield for Valencia oranges since the 1995-96 season. Last season's yield was a record high 1.75 gallons per box. This report was approved on June 9, 2000. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Richard E. Rominger Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Frederic A. Vogel Contents Page Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Cherries, Sweet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Maple Syrup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Peaches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Pears, Bartlett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Reliability of Production Data in this Report. . . . . . . . . . 30 Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Sugarcane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 U.S. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, by Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AR : 920 1,080 56.0 55.0 54.0 51,520 58,320 CA : 370 350 78.0 82.0 82.0 28,860 28,700 CO : 2,400 2,350 43.0 42.0 40.0 103,200 94,000 DE : 70 63 57.0 63.0 63.0 3,990 3,969 GA : 225 240 43.0 45.0 50.0 9,675 12,000 ID : 710 730 76.0 78.0 80.0 53,960 58,400 IL : 1,010 910 60.0 55.0 55.0 60,600 50,050 IN : 510 510 66.0 62.0 62.0 33,660 31,620 KS : 9,200 9,200 47.0 44.0 42.0 432,400 386,400 KY : 410 430 60.0 55.0 55.0 24,600 23,650 MD : 200 205 60.0 64.0 62.0 12,000 12,710 MI : 600 500 69.0 65.0 66.0 41,400 33,000 MS : 165 210 50.0 43.0 50.0 8,250 10,500 MO : 920 920 48.0 48.0 51.0 44,160 46,920 MT : 970 1,430 38.0 36.0 35.0 36,860 50,050 NE : 1,800 1,750 48.0 43.0 42.0 86,400 73,500 NY : 125 150 65.0 61.0 59.0 8,125 8,850 NC : 580 590 49.0 52.0 52.0 28,420 30,680 OH : 1,030 1,005 70.0 72.0 72.0 72,100 72,360 OK : 4,300 4,100 35.0 38.0 37.0 150,500 151,700 OR : 630 740 47.0 64.0 60.0 29,610 44,400 PA : 190 195 54.0 53.0 54.0 10,260 10,530 SC : 220 185 43.0 47.0 49.0 9,460 9,065 SD : 1,260 1,280 47.0 44.0 44.0 59,220 56,320 TN : 340 380 54.0 50.0 50.0 18,360 19,000 TX : 3,400 2,200 36.0 32.0 31.0 122,400 68,200 VA : 240 205 57.0 65.0 62.0 13,680 12,710 WA : 1,670 1,750 58.0 67.0 69.0 96,860 120,750 WY : 185 175 33.0 31.0 28.0 6,105 4,900 : Oth : Sts 1/: 922 876 47.0 44.0 44.2 43,354 38,712 : US : 35,572 34,709 47.8 47.5 46.7 1,699,989 1,621,966 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 75 80 97.0 95.0 95.0 7,275 7,600 CA : 85 76 105.0 95.0 95.0 8,925 7,220 MT : 350 27.0 9,450 ND : 3,000 24.0 72,000 : Oth : Sts 2/: 59 28.3 1,672 : US : 3,569 27.8 99,322 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2000. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2000. 2/ Other States include MN and SD. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1998-99 and Forecast June 1, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1998 :1,179,452 442,677 258,604 486,370 42,099 138,119 2,547,321 1999 :1,054,996 453,421 191,572 447,931 55,201 99,322 2,302,443 2000 : 944,032 448,447 229,487 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat Variety Survey indicates winter wheat is 91 percent White. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total, 1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 15,200 73,000 45,000 OR : 55,000 50,000 52,000 WA : 98,000 68,000 95,000 : Total : 168,200 191,000 192,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, MT, NY, PA, and UT and tart cherries in CO, MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, and WI will be published in "Cherry Production" released on June 22, 2000. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : CA - Freestone : 681.0 755.0 840.0 GA : 70.0 110.0 105.0 SC : 140.0 160.0 150.0 : Total : 891.0 1,025.0 1,095.0 : CA - Clingstone 1/ : 1,045.0 1,059.0 1,120.0 : Total : 1,936.0 2,084.0 2,215.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1997-98, 1998-99 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 350 550 550 13 21 21 CA 4/ : 44,000 21,000 40,000 1,650 787 1,500 FL : 140,000 112,000 134,000 6,300 5,040 6,030 TX : 1,350 1,250 1,500 57 53 64 US : 185,700 134,800 176,050 8,020 5,901 7,615 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 650 600 350 25 22 13 CA 4/ : 25,000 15,000 27,000 938 563 1,013 FL : 104,000 74,000 96,000 4,680 3,330 4,320 TX : 175 180 200 7 8 9 US : 129,825 89,780 123,550 5,650 3,923 5,355 All : AZ 4/ : 1,000 1,150 900 38 43 34 CA 4/ : 69,000 36,000 67,000 2,588 1,350 2,513 FL : 244,000 186,000 230,000 10,980 8,370 10,350 TX : 1,525 1,430 1,700 64 61 73 US : 315,525 224,580 299,600 13,670 9,824 12,970 Temples : FL : 2,250 1,800 1,950 101 81 88 Grapefruit : White Seedless : FL 5/ : 18,300 17,800 21,000 777 757 893 Colored Seedless : FL 6/ : 30,600 28,700 31,500 1,301 1,220 1,339 Other : FL : 650 550 600 28 23 26 All : AZ 4/ : 800 750 850 27 25 28 CA 4/ : 8,000 7,500 8,000 268 251 268 FL 5/ 6/ : 49,550 47,050 53,100 2,106 2,000 2,258 TX : 4,800 6,100 5,950 192 244 238 US : 63,150 61,400 67,900 2,593 2,520 2,792 Tangerines : AZ 4/ 7/ : 600 950 900 23 36 34 CA 4/ 7/ : 2,400 1,500 2,100 90 56 79 FL : 5,200 4,950 7,100 247 235 337 US : 8,200 7,400 10,100 360 327 450 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 2,600 3,450 3,100 99 131 118 CA : 21,000 16,200 20,000 798 616 760 US : 23,600 19,650 23,100 897 747 878 Tangelos : FL : 2,850 2,550 2,200 128 115 99 K-Early Citrus : FL : 40 80 110 2 4 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6/ Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 277,000 292,000 280,000 OR : 65,000 66,000 55,000 WA : 145,000 190,000 175,000 : Total : 487,000 548,000 510,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop, 1998-99 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Prunes (Dried Basis) : 108,000 178,000 200,000 : Apricots : 113,000 85,000 95,000 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Apr : 3,750 3,040 2,145 1,590 3,260 4,665 May : 3,760 3,080 2,155 1,660 3,365 4,785 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States, 1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested :Strung for Harvest and :----------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres : ID : Chinook : 384 202 200 Cluster : 657 417 278 Galena : 733 625 548 Horizon : * 7 - Mt. Hood : 10 32 31 Nugget : 97 89 14 Willamette : 225 248 194 Zeus : * 201 375 : Other Varieties : 1,803 1,541 1,703 : Total : 3,909 3,362 3,343 : OR : Fuggle : 189 98 63 Golding : 235 110 115 Mt Hood : 225 253 250 Nugget : 2,415 2,153 2,308 Perle : 385 406 402 Santiam : - - 17 Sterling : - - 62 Tettnanger : 154 88 - Williamette : 2,290 2,321 2,142 : Other Varieties : 268 393 460 : Total : 6,161 5,822 5,819 : WA : Cascade : 992 906 996 Chinook : 1,007 791 654 Cluster : 2,605 1,321 958 Columbus/Tomahawk : 3,999 4,374 4,605 Galena : 5,779 5,282 5,171 Golding : 83 35 45 Horizon : 130 268 312 Magnum : * 99 73 Mt Hood : 361 384 403 Nugget : 4,793 4,195 4,604 Olympic : 126 * * Perle : 296 273 276 Tettnanger : 252 129 * Williamette : 3,922 3,364 3,604 Zeus : * 1,520 1,995 : Other Varieties : 2,228 2,135 3,547 : Total : 26,573 25,076 27,243 : US : 36,643 34,260 36,405 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Unknown or none. * Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 2/ : 1998 : 1999 2/ : 1998 : 1999 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 101.0 110.0 99.0 108.0 27.5 32.0 CO : 62.5 72.1 57.3 68.5 22.7 21.3 ID : 204.0 211.0 203.0 210.0 27.1 24.3 MI : 177.0 194.0 173.0 190.0 16.0 18.6 MN : 473.0 480.0 458.0 470.0 21.2 20.1 MT : 64.0 61.8 62.4 61.7 22.6 23.8 NE : 53.8 72.7 47.4 66.2 19.7 19.0 ND : 250.0 251.6 242.6 247.0 22.2 20.8 OH : 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.7 17.3 19.5 OR : 17.9 20.1 17.7 19.7 26.6 25.1 WA : 37.3 27.5 35.8 27.4 33.3 30.1 WY : 56.0 58.0 53.4 57.1 20.3 21.1 : US : 1,497.8 1,560.6 1,450.7 1,527.3 22.4 21.9 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 2/ : 1998 : 1999 3/ : 1998 : 1999 3/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 2,723 3,456 39.80 108,375 CO : 1,301 1,459 35.40 46,055 ID : 5,501 5,103 39.90 219,490 MI : 2,768 3,534 36.70 101,586 MN : 9,710 9,447 35.10 340,821 MT : 1,410 1,468 36.90 52,029 NE : 934 1,258 35.20 32,877 ND : 5,386 5,138 35.40 190,664 OH : 19 33 37.50 713 OR : 471 494 41.00 19,311 WA : 1,192 825 22.90 27,297 WY : 1,084 1,205 39.00 42,276 : US : 32,499 33,420 36.40 1,181,494 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices", released July 31, 2000. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2001. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 2/ : 1998 : 1999 2/ : 1998 : 1999 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 426.0 443.0 40.1 35.0 17,083 15,505 HI : 30.3 35.4 90.0 81.7 2,727 2,892 LA : 400.0 435.0 29.7 32.7 11,880 14,225 TX : 32.0 28.0 32.9 34.1 1,053 955 : US : 888.3 941.4 36.9 35.7 32,743 33,577 : For Seed : FL : 21.0 17.0 40.1 35.0 842 595 HI : 2.2 1.9 32.4 35.8 71 68 LA : 35.0 30.0 29.7 32.7 1,040 981 TX : 0.6 3.0 18.3 26.0 11 78 : US : 58.8 51.9 33.4 33.2 1,964 1,722 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 447.0 460.0 40.1 35.0 17,925 16,100 HI : 32.5 37.3 86.1 79.4 2,798 2,960 LA : 435.0 465.0 29.7 32.7 12,920 15,206 TX : 32.6 31.0 32.6 33.3 1,064 1,033 : US : 947.1 993.3 36.6 35.5 34,707 35,299 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 :1999 4/ : 1998 : 1999 4/ : 1998 : 1999 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 29.50 503,949 528,788 HI : 32.00 87,264 89,536 LA : 23.20 275,616 299,744 TX : 24.90 26,220 26,494 : US : 27.30 893,049 944,562 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 2000. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2001. Maple Syrup: Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Average Price : Value of : Production : per Gallon : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Gallons ---- Dollars --- 1,000 Dollars : CT : 13 7 42.60 42.50 554 298 ME 2/ : 195 250 19.40 19.00 3,783 4,750 MA : 44 39 38.80 40.00 1,707 1,560 MI : 73 44 28.20 32.00 2,058 1,408 NH : 61 75 37.40 39.00 2,281 2,925 NY : 195 210 27.30 25.40 5,324 5,334 OH : 95 34 30.00 26.00 2,850 884 PA : 67 47 26.00 25.60 1,742 1,203 VT : 370 460 29.00 29.00 10,730 13,340 WI : 75 65 23.70 25.20 1,778 1,638 : US 2/ : 1,188 1,231 27.60 27.10 32,807 33,340 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 1999 are revised. Price and value for 2000 are preliminary. 2/ 1999 Production revised. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale and Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : CT : 70 75 30 25 ME : 10 10 90 90 MA : 60 70 40 30 MI : 58 45 42 55 NH : 60 70 40 30 NY : 43 47 57 53 OH : 63 58 37 42 PA : 41 52 59 48 VT : 40 40 60 60 WI : 35 52 65 48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1998 revised. Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :34.30 36.40 19.60 20.60 11.40 12.00 7.10 7.00 4.65 4.70 ME :33.30 29.00 17.70 15.70 10.00 9.50 5.85 5.50 4.15 3.70 MA :31.90 34.20 18.60 20.00 11.20 11.40 6.30 6.50 5.05 4.15 MI :29.50 31.50 16.10 17.40 9.30 9.60 5.30 6.00 3.20 4.10 NH :30.90 33.50 17.70 19.00 10.80 11.20 6.50 6.50 3.85 4.00 NY :30.35 29.70 17.10 16.60 10.00 9.35 6.25 5.95 4.10 3.65 OH :29.70 29.00 16.80 16.60 9.45 10.10 6.20 6.30 4.25 4.10 PA :28.50 27.50 16.50 16.10 9.46 9.25 5.59 5.76 3.44 3.60 VT :29.80 30.70 17.60 18.10 10.30 10.50 6.35 6.70 4.45 4.30 WI :26.20 27.20 14.30 15.10 7.50 8.00 4.30 4.80 2.70 3.20 : Wholesale : CT :33.90 30.20 18.20 11.90 10.10 9.10 5.60 5.30 3.65 3.45 ME :26.10 26.80 15.90 14.50 8.55 8.00 4.90 4.70 3.60 3.65 MA :26.40 26.90 15.40 15.40 8.30 8.50 5.05 4.65 3.05 3.00 MI :29.30 26.10 14.90 15.50 7.70 8.30 4.30 4.40 2.20 3.00 NH :27.60 29.40 15.60 15.70 8.20 8.60 4.95 5.00 3.10 3.00 NY :29.80 25.50 16.40 14.80 8.10 7.90 4.85 4.70 2.95 2.05 OH :24.40 26.20 13.40 14.30 8.55 8.20 5.25 5.10 3.60 3.65 PA :25.00 26.70 14.40 14.40 8.24 8.28 4.75 5.06 2.96 3.15 VT :26.80 25.40 15.50 15.40 8.60 8.60 5.00 5.15 3.05 3.25 WI :25.60 27.10 13.60 14.90 7.20 7.90 3.90 4.60 2.40 2.80 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT : 1.70 1.40 18.70 15.40 41.10 42.60 ME : 1.55 1.45 17.10 16.00 20.60 19.40 MA : 2.10 1.50 23.20 16.60 36.20 38.80 MI : 1.90 1.50 20.50 16.90 32.00 28.20 NH : 2.45 1.55 27.00 17.10 36.20 37.40 NY : 1.60 1.35 17.40 14.80 26.85 27.30 OH : 1.70 1.80 18.60 19.60 29.80 30.00 PA : 1.54 1.40 17.00 15.40 26.00 26.00 VT : 1.80 1.80 19.80 19.80 29.00 29.00 WI : 1.50 1.50 17.00 16.80 23.10 23.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for 1998 are revised. Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 3.8 3.3 3.7 3.2 CA : 9.7 10.0 9.7 10.0 GA : 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 LA : 21.0 24.0 20.0 23.0 MS : 9.8 10.5 9.7 10.3 NJ : 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 NC : 33.0 37.0 32.0 29.0 SC : 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.5 TX : 6.4 5.6 5.6 5.0 VA : 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 : US : 87.2 93.8 83.8 83.1 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Cwt ------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 170 130 629 416 CA : 220 240 2,134 2,400 GA : 100 100 70 60 LA : 110 150 2,200 3,450 MS : 140 150 1,358 1,545 NJ : 105 100 105 100 NC : 170 130 5,440 3,770 SC : 90 95 81 48 TX : 45 70 252 350 VA : 225 190 113 95 : US : 148 147 12,382 12,234 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1999 Revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 5,223.0 5,733.0 4,758.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 77,431.0 77,881.0 70,537.0 Corn for Silage : 6,062.0 Hay, All : 63,160.0 63,052.0 Alfalfa : 23,985.0 All Other : 39,175.0 Oats : 4,670.0 4,351.0 2,453.0 2,473.0 Proso Millet : 600.0 540.0 Rice : 3,581.0 3,395.0 3,562.0 Rye : 1,582.0 383.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,288.0 8,979.0 8,544.0 Sorghum for Silage : 320.0 Wheat, All : 62,814.0 61,664.0 53,909.0 Winter : 43,431.0 43,245.0 35,572.0 34,709.0 Durum : 4,035.0 3,610.0 3,569.0 Other Spring : 15,348.0 14,809.0 14,768.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,076.0 1,516.0 1,044.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 387.0 382.0 Mustard Seed : 60.8 58.8 Peanuts : 1,534.5 1,474.0 1,436.0 Rapeseed : 4.6 4.4 Safflower : 275.0 262.0 Soybeans for Beans : 73,780.0 74,871.0 72,476.0 Sunflower : 3,553.0 3,047.0 3,441.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 14,873.5 15,558.0 13,424.9 Upland : 14,584.0 15,341.0 13,138.0 Amer-Pima : 289.5 217.0 286.9 Sugarbeets : 1,560.6 1,577.5 1,527.3 Sugarcane : 993.3 Tobacco : 647.2 500.7 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 6.1 4.4 Dry Edible Beans : 2,023.0 1,836.7 1,877.0 Dry Edible Peas : 281.6 263.6 Lentils : 182.0 174.5 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.4 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.4 Hops : 34.3 36.4 Peppermint Oil : 106.3 Potatoes, All : 1,376.7 1,332.3 Winter : 18.1 17.2 17.8 17.0 Spring : 86.8 82.1 84.5 80.1 Summer : 68.8 63.9 Fall : 1,203.0 1,166.1 Spearmint Oil : 24.4 Sweet Potatoes : 93.8 93.7 83.1 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 59.2 281,853 Corn for Grain : " : 133.8 9,437,337 Corn for Silage : Ton : 15.9 96,169 Hay, All : " : 2.52 159,077 Alfalfa : " : 3.50 83,924 All Other : " : 1.92 75,153 Oats : Bu : 59.6 146,218 Proso Millet : " : 33.2 17,910 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,908 210,458 Rye : Bu : 28.7 10,993 Sorghum for Grain : " : 69.7 595,166 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 11.6 3,716 Wheat, All : Bu : 42.7 2,302,443 Winter : " : 47.8 46.7 1,699,989 1,621,966 Durum : " : 27.8 99,322 Other Spring : " : 34.1 503,132 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,306 1,363,680 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 6,354 Flaxseed : Bu : 20.6 7,880 Mustard Seed : Lb : 816 48,010 Peanuts : " : 2,667 3,829,490 Rapeseed : " : 1,155 5,080 Safflower : " : 1,545 404,715 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 36.5 2,642,908 Sunflower : Lb : 1,262 4,341,862 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 607 16,968.0 Upland 2/ : " : 595 16,293.7 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,128 674.3 Sugarbeets : Ton : 21.9 33,420 Sugarcane : " : 35.5 35,299 Tobacco : Lb : 1,997 1,292,692 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,364 60 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,770 33,230 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,908 5,030 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,368 2,387 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 658 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,640 10,500 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 46,000 16,100 Hops : " : 1,881 64,456 Peppermint Oil : " : 71 7,537 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 359 478,109 Winter : " : 229 278 4,070 4,720 Spring : " : 300 281 25,327 22,486 Summer : " : 295 18,865 Fall : " : 369 429,847 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 101 2,454 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 147 12,234 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 6,800 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,593 2,520 2,792 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 2 4 5 Lemons : " : 897 747 878 Oranges : " : 13,670 9,824 12,970 Tangelos (FL) : " : 128 115 99 Tangerines : " : 360 327 450 Temples (FL) : " : 101 81 88 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 11,648.4 10,741.3 Apricots : Ton : 118.5 90.8 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 21,000.0 24,500.0 Grapes : Ton : 5,820.0 6,169.4 Olives (CA) : " : 90.0 145.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 39,900.0 42,400.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,401.3 2,521.4 Pears : Ton : 955.1 981.6 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 108.0 178.0 200.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 25.6 22.9 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 520,000 830,000 675,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 15.5 38.0 Pecans : Lb : 146,400 341,700 Pistachios (CA) : " : 188,000 123,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 227.0 283.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,159 1,188 1,231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,113,700 2,320,090 1,925,520 Corn for Grain 2/ :31,335,550 31,517,660 28,545,620 Corn for Silage : 2,453,230 Hay, All 3/ : 25,560,220 25,516,510 Alfalfa : 9,706,490 All Other : 15,853,730 Oats : 1,889,900 1,760,810 992,700 1,000,800 Proso Millet : 242,810 218,530 Rice : 1,449,190 1,373,920 1,441,510 Rye : 640,220 155,000 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,758,760 3,633,710 3,457,670 Sorghum for Silage : 129,500 Wheat, All 3/ :25,420,200 24,954,800 21,816,430 Winter :17,576,090 17,500,820 14,395,630 14,046,390 Durum : 1,632,920 1,460,930 1,444,340 Other Spring : 6,211,180 5,993,050 5,976,460 : Oilseeds : Canola : 435,450 613,510 422,500 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 156,620 154,590 Mustard Seed : 24,610 23,800 Peanuts : 621,000 596,510 581,130 Rapeseed : 1,860 1,780 Safflower : 111,290 106,030 Soybeans for Beans :29,858,030 30,299,540 29,330,310 Sunflower : 1,437,860 1,233,090 1,392,540 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 6,019,160 6,296,170 5,432,920 Upland : 5,902,000 6,208,350 5,316,820 Amer-Pima : 117,160 87,820 116,110 Sugarbeets : 631,560 638,400 618,080 Sugarcane : 401,980 Tobacco : 261,900 202,630 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 2,470 1,780 Dry Edible Beans : 818,690 743,290 759,600 Dry Edible Peas : 113,960 106,680 Lentils : 73,650 70,620 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,590 Ginger Root (HI) : 140 Hops : 13,860 14,730 Peppermint Oil : 43,020 Potatoes, All 3/ : 557,140 539,170 Winter : 7,320 6,960 7,200 6,880 Spring : 35,130 33,230 34,200 32,420 Summer : 27,840 25,860 Fall : 486,840 471,910 Spearmint Oil : 9,870 Sweet Potatoes : 37,960 37,920 33,630 Taro (HI) 4/ : 200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.19 6,136,620 Corn for Grain : 8.40 239,719,400 Corn for Silage : 35.56 87,243,050 Hay, All 2/ : 5.65 144,312,230 Alfalfa : 7.84 76,134,570 All Other : 4.30 68,177,650 Oats : 2.14 2,122,350 Proso Millet : 1.86 406,190 Rice : 6.62 9,546,210 Rye : 1.80 279,240 Sorghum for Grain : 4.37 15,117,910 Sorghum for Silage : 26.03 3,371,100 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.87 62,662,230 Winter : 3.21 3.14 46,266,120 44,142,680 Durum : 1.87 2,703,100 Other Spring : 2.29 13,693,010 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.46 618,550 Cottonseed 3/ : 5,763,800 Flaxseed : 1.29 200,160 Mustard Seed : 0.92 21,780 Peanuts : 2.99 1,737,030 Rapeseed : 1.29 2,300 Safflower : 1.73 183,580 Soybeans for Beans : 2.45 71,928,170 Sunflower : 1.41 1,969,440 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.68 3,694,350 Upland : 0.67 3,547,540 Amer-Pima : 1.26 146,810 Sugarbeets : 49.05 30,318,110 Sugarcane : 79.66 32,022,710 Tobacco : 2.24 586,360 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.53 2,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.98 1,507,290 Dry Edible Peas : 2.14 228,160 Lentils : 1.53 108,270 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 29,850 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.84 4,760 Ginger Root (HI) : 51.56 7,300 Hops : 2.11 29,240 Peppermint Oil : 0.08 3,420 Potatoes, All 2/ : 40.22 21,686,660 Winter : 25.63 31.12 184,610 214,100 Spring : 33.59 31.46 1,148,810 1,019,950 Summer : 33.09 855,700 Fall : 41.32 19,497,530 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,110 Sweet Potatoes : 16.50 554,920 Taro (HI) 3/ : 3,080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,352,330 2,286,110 2,532,860 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 1,810 3,630 4,540 Lemons : 813,740 677,670 796,510 Oranges : 12,401,220 8,912,180 11,766,190 Tangelos (FL) : 116,120 104,330 89,810 Tangerines : 326,590 296,650 408,230 Temples (FL) : 91,630 73,480 79,830 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 5,283,630 4,872,170 Apricots : 107,500 82,370 Bananas (HI) : 9,530 11,110 Grapes : 5,279,770 5,596,810 Olives (CA) : 81,650 131,540 Papayas (HI) : 18,100 19,230 Peaches : 1,089,210 1,143,690 Pears : 866,490 890,450 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 97,980 161,480 181,440 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 23,220 20,770 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 235,870 376,480 306,170 Hazelnuts : 14,060 34,470 Pecans : 66,410 154,990 Pistachios (CA) : 85,280 55,790 Walnuts (CA) : 205,930 256,730 Maple Syrup : 5,790 5,940 6,150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. May Weather Summary Near-record to record rainfall soaked the northern Corn Belt, easing or eliminating long-term drought, while unfavorable dryness persisted in the southwestern Corn Belt, including southeastern Nebraska, southwestern Iowa, and northern Missouri. Mostly dry weather, accompanied by occasional extreme heat, stressed dryland crops, increased irrigation requirements, and fostered the spread of wildfires in the Southwest, Southeast (especially from eastern Louisiana to the southern Atlantic Coast), and much of the central and southern Plains. In the latter region, the heat and dryness accelerated winter wheat maturation and initial wheat harvesting. Meanwhile, late-month precipitation aided drought-stressed small grains on the northern Plains. Heavy rainfall slowed fieldwork and crop development in the Northeast, but provided significant long-term drought relief in the western Gulf Coast region (eastern Texas and western Louisiana). In northern and central California, favorably warm, dry weather followed scattered early- to mid-month showers. A late-month heat wave gripped areas from the Southwest to the central and southern Plains, setting more than three dozen May-record highs and propelling monthly temperatures 2 to 7 degrees F above normal. Hot weather also periodically affected the Southeast, where temperatures ranged from 2 to 5 degrees F above normal. Monthly readings averaged 1 to 3 degrees F above normal in the Corn Belt, aiding summer crop emergence and development. Corn Belt high temperatures at or above 90 degrees F were largely confined to the driest southwestern areas and occurred on 5 days or fewer during May. Below-normal monthly temperatures were confined to northern New England (as much as 3 degrees F below normal), while near-normal readings prevailed in the Northwest. Late-month heat in California's Central Valley offset the effects of several early- to mid-month cool spells, resulting in May average temperatures being within 2 degrees F of normal. May Crop Summary Planting and fieldwork progressed ahead of normal during May, as drier-than-normal weather prevailed over large portions of the Southeast, Southwest, Great Plains, and Corn Belt. Corn and soybean planting progressed more than 1 week ahead of normal throughout the month. Corn planting was nearly complete in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Missouri by May 7, and by mid-month more than 90 percent of the Nation's corn acreage was planted. As corn planting neared completion, soybean planting accelerated. During the second week of the month, Iowa and Minnesota growers planted nearly half of their soybean crop. By the end of the month, 85 percent of the soybean acreage was planted, and progress was nearly 2 weeks ahead of the 5-year average. Small grain seeding progressed well ahead of normal in the northern Great Plains. By May 21, spring wheat and barley were 95 and 96 percent planted, respectively, more than 2 weeks ahead of the 5-year average for both crops. Oat seeding was complete in Iowa and Nebraska at mid-month and by May 21, planting was 92 percent complete, more than 1 week ahead of last year and well ahead of the 5-year average. Cotton planting accelerated and progressed well ahead of normal in Oklahoma after a period of wet weather early in the month. Dry weather also aided cotton planting in Missouri, where 90 percent of the crop was planted by mid-month, nearly double the normal pace. In North Carolina, planting lagged behind normal early in the month, was ahead of normal at mid-month, and equaled the 5-year average after mid-month. In some areas, especially in the southern High Plains and Southeast, topsoil moisture shortages hindered planting progress. Cotton planting advanced slowly in Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina and lagged behind normal in all 3 States most of the month. In Texas, planting progressed slightly ahead of average, even though dry soils hindered planting on the High Plains. Peanut planting was also delayed by dry soils in the Southeast, progressing behind normal in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia throughout the month. Planting and fieldwork were hindered by above-normal precipitation along the western Gulf Coast, parts of eastern Texas, and some inland areas of the Mississippi Delta. Rice planting was behind normal in Mississippi when the month began and progressed slowly most of the month. Above-normal precipitation boosted moisture supplies and aided crop development in northern California, but planting and fieldwork delays were minor. Early month corn emergence was aided by above-normal temperatures, although many seeds laid in dry soils for nearly 2 weeks before sprouting. Light, scattered showers relieved excessive dryness and promoted germination in some areas, but moisture shortages remained widespread, especially in the western Corn Belt. As mid-month approached, substantial rainfall aided emergence and replenished topsoil moisture supplies in parts of the central Corn Belt. In the western and southern Corn Belt, well-timed light rainfall aided emergence, but provided little reserve for crop development. During the week ended May 14, corn emergence advanced 50 and 48 percent in Wisconsin and Iowa, respectively, while more than 40 percent of the acreage emerged in Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio. By May 28, ninty-three percent of the corn and 67 percent of the soybeans were emerged, more than 1 week ahead of last year's pace. In the northern Great Plains, adequate moisture supplies in most areas promoted germination of small grains. On May 14, spring wheat and barley emergence was at 63 and 62 percent, respectively, more than double the 30 percent normal for spring wheat and nearly twice the 33-percent average for barley. By May 28, both crops were 91 percent emerged, but conditions deteriorated in Montana due to increasing moisture shortages. Winter wheat developed ahead of normal due to warm weather. Forty percent of the Kansas crop and about one-third of the Illinois and Missouri acreage was heading by May 7, well ahead of normal in all three States. Fields rapidly matured in the lower Mississippi Valley, southern Great Plains, and Southeast, with nearly all acreage headed by mid-May in Arkansas, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. After mid-month, development accelerated in Nebraska and Ohio, where 45 and 63 percent of the crop advanced to the heading stage during the week ended May 21. Soft red winter wheat rapidly developed in the eastern Corn Belt during the final week of the month, as heading advanced 30 and 21 percentage points in Michigan and Ohio, respectively. Hard red winter wheat rapidly advanced to the heading stage in Colorado and South Dakota. On May 28, eighty-seven percent of the crop was at the heading stage or beyond, more than 1 week ahead of last year and the 5-year average for this date. Wheat harvest progressed with few rain delays in the southern Great Plains, and by May 28, harvest was 7 and 9 percent complete in Texas and Oklahoma, respectively. Wheat rapidly matured in Kansas, where nearly one-half of the wheat was turning color on May 28, compared with 14 percent a year ago and 13 percent normally turning color by this date. Winter Wheat: Harvested area is forecast at 34.7 million acres, unchanged from May 1, but down 2 percent from 1999. Heading has reached 93 percent in the 18 major States. Harvest progress was 8 percent, ranging from none in most states to 27 percent in Oklahoma and Texas. Forecasted head counts from the Objective Yield surveys in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are slightly below last year's final counts. Average head weights are well below last year's level. Winter wheat conditions in Kansas have dropped during May, leading to reduced yield potential. Temperatures in the 25-30 degree range hit the Eastern Plains of Colorado on May 13. Most damage was in the east central area of Colorado where the wheat was flowering. Crop progress is 2 weeks ahead of normal in Nebraska. Moisture supplies are adequate in most areas of Oklahoma. Lingering effects of the drought have had a significant impact on most of the major wheat producing areas of Texas. California had plentiful May rains which has led to increased disease pressure. Soft Red Winter yields in the Southeast are equal to, or higher than last month. Increases are also forecast in Michigan and Pennsylvania. Mississippi, North Carolina, and Ohio yields are forecast at record levels. Disease pressure has been minimal in Illinois. Prospects are for a very good crop in Indiana. Kentucky and Tennessee have experienced some lodging due to severe weather. Conditions in Pennsylvania are mostly good to excellent. Disease and insect problems have been minimal in Georgia. Collective head count forecasts are slightly below last year's level in the Soft Red Objective Yield States of Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio. Average head weights are also down from last year. The Pacific Northwest States' (Washington, Oregon, and Idaho) winter wheat crop condition is generally good to excellent. More rain is needed in some areas, however crop development is slightly ahead of normal. Washington has 60 percent of its winter wheat headed, compared to 44 percent last year. Idaho has 31 percent of its winter wheat headed, compared to 6 percent last year. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at 14.8 million bushels. This is unchanged from May 1, but down 9 percent from 1999. Arizona harvest was nearly 20 percent complete by June 1. Harvest in the California Imperial Valley began in earnest in early May. San Joaquin Valley harvest was underway on a few fields by mid-May. Peaches: The 2000 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 2.22 billion pounds, up 6 percent from 1999 and 14 percent above two years ago. Freestone peach production is forecast at 1.10 billion pounds, 7 percent above last year and up 23 percent from 1998. Ideal weather conditions in California are responsible for the increase in Freestone production. The California Freestone crop is forecast at a record high 840 million pounds, up 5 percent from the May 1 forecast, and 11 percent above 1999. The Freestone peach crop continues to progress smoothly as near ideal growing conditions persist. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.12 billion pounds, up 2 percent from the May 1 forecast, and 6 percent above 1999. Favorable weather has contributed to positive fruit development. There has been some mildew reported in the Modesto area but overall the 2000 Clingstone crop remains in good condition. The South Carolina peach crop is forecast at 150 million pounds, down 6 percent from last year but up 7 percent from 1998. Fruit count per tree is up, however fruit size is smaller than last year due to lack of rain. Yield could rebound if adequate rainfall is received in the next few weeks. Georgia's peach crop is forecast at 105 million pounds, down 5 percent from 1999 but up 50 percent from the 1998 freeze and hail-damaged crop. Chill hours were adequate and there were no late freezes. However, dry conditions this Spring have caused fruit size to be small which has diminished production. As of June 4, harvest progress is 24 percent complete. This was ahead of last year's 16 percent harvested but slightly behind the five-year average of 27 percent. Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett Pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 510,000 tons, down 7 percent from last year but 5 percent above 1998. Production in California is forecast at 280,000 tons, down 4 percent from 1999, but 1 percent above two years ago. The spring weather has been good for tree quality in California. Maturity is normal for June 1 and fruit size is good but fruit set is down. In Oregon, growers expect to harvest 55,000 tons, down 17 percent from last year and 15 percent below 1998. Wet weather and frost have affected some growing areas in Oregon, with some growers reporting fruit set to be lighter than last year. Washington's Bartlett crop is forecast at 175,000 tons, down 8 percent from 1999 but 21 percent above two years ago. Producers in Washington are expecting the crop to be smaller than last year due to pollination problems. Some Washington growers have reported frost during the bloom period. Sweet Cherries: The 2000 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 192,000 tons, up 1 percent from 1999 and 14 percent above 1998. The sweet cherry crop in California is forecast at 45,000 tons, 38 percent less than last year's production of 73,000 tons. California's cherry season began with irregular blooming and even reblooming on some trees. This resulted in irregular fruit set and harvest has been extended because fruit is not all maturing at the same time. Scattered rains have also caused sporadic damage with the early varieties suffering the most. The quality of the remaining fruit is good. The Washington crop, at 95,000 tons, is 40 percent more than last year's poorly pollinated crop. Production in Oregon is forecast at 52,000 tons, up 4 percent from last year. Weather conditions in both states have been generally favorable with some localized frost and hail damage. Dried Prunes: California's 2000 production is forecast at 200,000 tons, 12 percent above last year and 85 percent greater than 1998. The 2000 prune season is progressing well. The northern and central prune growing areas are experiencing a heavier fruit set than the previous year. The southern region is slightly lighter than last year. Apricots: California's 2000 apricot production is forecast at 95,000 tons, up 12 percent from last year but down 16 percent from 1998. The apricot bloom varied widely among orchards. Hail storms in April hit a majority of the southern San Joaquin Valley. Harvest of early season varieties has begun, with fruit sizes normal and yields better than expected. Florida Citrus: May was a very hot and dry month. Growers and caretakers used irrigation equipment around the clock to keep trees in good condition. Many lakes, ponds, streams, and water reservoirs have dried up and are no longer usable for irrigation. Rain is needed to rebuild Florida's water supply. Due to the constant irrigation, most of the new crop fruit is in good condition. However, the dry weather has limited growth. Harvest of Valencia oranges has been very active during May. Six to eight million boxes of late oranges were picked each week during the month. Grapefruit movement slowed considerably toward the end of the month as supplies were running low. By the end of May, the Honey tangerine harvest was just about over for this season. Caretakers were kept busy operating and repairing irrigation equipment. Hedging and topping activities continued. However, there has been a general burning ban due to the drought and very little burning of grove debris has been allowed. Summer spraying and fertilizing is underway in all areas. Texas Citrus: Citrus harvesting for the 1999-00 season was complete by the end of May in the Rio Grande Valley. Precipitation totals last month were minimal throughout the citrus growing region. Orchards continue to be irrigated where there is reserved water. California Citrus: The Navel orange harvest was virtually complete by June 1. Valencia orange and lemon picking continued throughout the citrus growing areas. Grapefruit harvest was active in the San Joaquin Valley. New crop blooms and fruit set were developing on the citrus trees. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Picking of many fruit crops began during May. Table grapes for fresh use were picked in the Coachella Valley. Good quality was evident. Major varieties harvested included Flame Seedless and Perlettes. In other grape growing areas of the State, growers applied sulfur for mildew control. Cherry picking was active, but some early varieties were hurt by scattered rain showers. Harvest of later varieties was doing well. Apricot harvesting was underway with Katy the primary variety. Fruit size is average. Nectarine picking was active with May Glo, Royal Glo, and Rose Diamond the major varieties. Red Beaut variety plums were also picked. Freestone peach harvest continued with Queencrest, Crown Princess, and Crimson Lady varieties picked. Quality is excellent. The clingstone peach crop is maturing well. Fruit set is heavy, but fruit size is small. Overall, the crop is in good condition. Bartlett pear maturity is normal for June 1. Fruit size is good, but tree set is down. Strawberry harvest was active in the San Joaquin Valley, but rain showers hurt part of the crop. Almond growers were tying limbs that were breaking due to a heavy set. Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 2.79 million tons, up 7 percent from last month and 11 percent above last season. The Florida grapefruit forecast is increased 8 percent from the May forecast at 53.1 million boxes (2.26 million tons). White seedless increased to 21.0 million boxes (893,000 tons), 8 percent higher than the May 1 forecast. The colored seedless forecast is a record large 31.5 million boxes (1.34 million tons), a 9 percent increase from a month ago. If realized, the white seedless will be 18 percent higher than last season and the colored seedless will be 10 percent above last season. The monthly Row Count survey shows about 5 percent of the rows remaining with harvestable amounts of fruit. Some of the fruit is from late spring bloom and with the hot, dry weather, its usability is questionable. Most fresh fruit packinghouses are closed for the season and the majority of the fruit is going to processors. Demand for processing grapefruit has been strong all season to replenish inventories depleted last season. The seedy grapefruit forecast continues at 600,000 boxes (26,000 tons), 50,000 boxes higher than last season. Harvest is about 95 percent complete. The Texas June 1 grapefruit forecast is 5.95 million boxes (238,000 tons), up 4 percent from the previous forecast but down 2 percent from last season. Harvest was complete by the end of May and utilization surpassed previous expectations. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from the April forecasts. Tangerines: The 1999-00 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 450,000 tons, up 2 percent from the previous forecast and 38 percent above last season. Florida's tangerine forecast is increased to a record large 7.10 million boxes (337,000 tons), 3 percent higher than last month and 6 percent larger than the previous record crop from the 1979-80 season. Due to record low drop throughout the season, more fruit has been available for harvest than expected. Harvesting of the late season Honey variety is winding down. Nearly 97 percent of the rows observed during the Row Count survey were harvested. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from the April forecasts. Tangelos: The 1999-00 Florida tangelo forecast is final at 2.20 million boxes (99,000 tons), 14 percent less than last season's final utilization. Harvest is virtually complete based on the Row Count survey showing less than 1 percent of the rows having unharvested fruit. The final utilization is the smallest since the 1968-69 season and about one-third the size of the record large 6.40 million boxes recorded in 1979-80. Temples: Florida's 1999-00 Temple forecast is maintained at 1.95 million boxes (88,000 tons). If realized, it will be the third smallest crop in the last forty seasons, surpassing only last season's crop by 8 percent and the freeze affected 1989-90 crop by 39 percent. The Row Count survey shows about 2 percent of the rows remain unharvested. Papayas: Fresh papaya production from Hawaii is estimated at 4.79 million pounds for May, 3 percent more than in April and 42 percent higher than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 3,080 acres, 1 percent higher than last month but 18 percent less than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 1,660 acres, was 4 percent higher than in April but 23 percent lower than last May. Longer daylight hours and warmer temperatures were favorable toward papaya orchard growth and fruit development. Light showers have kept soil moisture adequate in unirrigated orchards. Hops: Area strung for harvest this year in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 36,405 acres, 6 percent more than 1999 acreage but 1 percent less than 1998 acreage. Washington, with 27,243 acres for harvest, accounts for 75 percent of the U.S. total. Oregon hop growers plan to harvest 5,819 acres or 16 percent of the U.S. total, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 9 percent, or 3,343 acres strung for harvest this year. Pacific Northwest weather conditions have been generally favorable this year with hop development mostly normal. Powdery mildew has developed in Washington earlier than last year. Treatments for powdery mildew are slowing growth in some hop yards. However, vine growth has been mostly average, with some varieties already one half to three quarters to the wire. Sugar Crops: Revised sugarbeet production for the 1999 crop year is a record high 33.4 million tons, 3 percent above the previous record established in 1998. Acres planted was 1,560,700, 4 percent more than 1998. Harvested acres, at 1,527,300, was 5 percent more than last year and the highest since 1,540,500 acres were harvested in 1969. The estimated yield is 21.9 tons per acre, 3 percent below the 1998 yield of 22.5 tons. Compared with the previous estimate, higher yields in California more than offset lower yields in Oregon and accounted for nearly all of the increase in production. Revised sugarcane production for the 1999 crop year is a record high 35.3 million tons, 2 percent above the previous record of 34.7 million tons set last year. U.S. sugarcane growers harvested a record high 991,200 acres for sugar and seed during the 1999 crop year, 5 percent more than last year's final harvested acres. The record high acreage is due to a 30,000 acre expansion in Louisiana and a 13,000 acre increase in Florida. Yield is estimated at 35.5 tons per acre, 3 percent below last year's yield of 36.6 tons. Louisiana's yield, at 32.7 tons per acre is a record high, 3.0 tons above the previous record high set in 1998. Compared with the March 1 estimate, lower yields in Florida and Louisiana accounted for virtually all of the decrease in production. Sweet Potatoes: The final estimate of 1999 sweet potato production is 12.2 million cwt, up 2 percent from the preliminary estimate made in January but 1 percent below the 1998 crop. Harvested acreage of 83,100 acres was up slightly from January but 1 percent below a year earlier. The average yield of 147 cwt per acre was up 2 cwt from the January estimate but 1 cwt below the average yield of 1998. The sweet potato crops in California, Mississippi, and Texas were larger than earlier estimated. Maple Syrup: The 2000 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.23 million gallons, up 4 percent from last year's production of 1.19 million gallons. The preliminary value of production, at $33.3 million, is up 2 percent from 1999. The increase in value of production was due to higher production which more than offset a slightly lower average price. Vermont led all States in production, with 460,000 gallons, an increase of 24 percent from last season. Maine was second with 250,000 gallons, up 28 percent from last year. New York's production, at 210,000 gallons, increased 8 percent from 1999. New Hampshire produced 75,000 gallons, up 23 percent from last year. Maple syrup production in all other producing States was down. In the Northeast, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania production was down 46 percent, 11 percent, and 30 percent, respectively. Production was also down in Michigan by 40 percent, Ohio by 64 percent, and Wisconsin by 13 percent. Michigan and Ohio experienced the lowest levels of production on record. Overall, number of taps was up about 1 percent. Notable exceptions are Ohio and Wisconsin where producers did not set as many taps because of the unusually warm weather conditions. Temperatures were generally favorable for good sap flow and syrup production in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont. In all other producing States temperatures were unfavorable. Warmer than usual temperatures affected most States by shortening the length of the season. Overall, the season lasted an average of 27 days. This compares to 31 days in 1999. Season length ranged from 20 days in Ohio to 30 days in Maine. Sugar content of the sap was below average, requiring approximately 46 gallons of sap to produce a gallon of syrup. This is in contrast with 43 gallons of sap to produce one gallon of syrup in 1999. Most syrup was medium and dark amber colored, with very little light syrup produced. Reliability of June 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 5 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in ten States that accounted for 65 percent of the 1999 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 7,000 wheat producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 winter wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by expressing the deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1980-1999 20-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.62 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.3 percent or approximately 86 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.1 percent or approximately 148 million bushels. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 79 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on July 12, 2000. 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