Cr Pr 2-2 (9-00) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released September 12, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Corn Production Unchanged from August Soybean Production Down 3 Percent Corn production is forecast at 10.4 billion bushels, unchanged from the last forecast, but up 10 percent from 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 141.8 bushels per acre, down 0.1 bushel per acre from August, but up 8.0 bushels from a year ago. If realized, this would be the largest production and yield on record. Acreage for grain harvest is estimated at 73.1 million acres, unchanged from August. Soybean production is forecast at a record high 2.90 billion bushels, down 3 percent from August 1, but 10 percent above 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 39.5 bushels per acre, down 1.2 bushels from last month, but 3.0 bushels above 1999. Acreage for harvest is estimated at a record 73.5 million acres, unchanged from last month, and up 1 percent from 1999. All cotton production is forecast at 18.3 million 480-pound bales, down 4 percent from last month, but up 8 percent from 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 622 pounds per harvested acre, down 26 pounds from last month. Condition of the cotton crop has deteriorated since last month, especially in the Delta and Southwest regions. Continued drought and extremely high temperatures have resulted in additional stress to the crop. Harvested acreage, at 14.1 million acres, reflects an increase from August 1 of 30,000 acres in Arkansas and a decrease of 30,000 acres in Louisiana, 60,000 acres in Mississippi, and 5,000 acres in California. All wheat production is placed at 2.30 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the August forecast but down fractionally from 1999. The U.S. yield is forecast at 42.3 bushels per acre. This is up 0.7 bushels from last month. - Special Notes - Content Change: This release contains rice acreage, yield, and production revisions for 1998 and 1999. In addition, updates were made to the current year's rice acreage estimates. October Acreage Update Survey: The October Crop Report will include results from a special harvested acreage update survey which is being incorporated into the October Agricultural Yield Survey for selected States and commodities. States to be included in the special acreage update survey are Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. Commodities to be included are corn for grain, upland cotton, soybeans, and sorghum for grain. Other spring wheat production is forecast at 590 million bushels, up 7 percent from last month and 17 percent from last season. The final forecast of U.S. average yield is 39.2 bushels per acre. This is 2.4 bushels per acre higher than a month ago. There were no acreage changes. Hard Red Spring production is up 7 percent from August, at 535 million bushels, while White Spring production is virtually unchanged from last month. Durum wheat production is forecast at 118 million bushels, up 2 percent from last month and 19 percent more than 1999. The U.S. yield is now forecast at 29.6 bushels per acre, up 0.7 bushels from August 1. Area for harvest is unchanged from last month. California Navel orange production for 2000-01 is forecast at 34.0 million boxes, down 15 percent from last season's utilized production of 40.0 million boxes. This initial forecast of the 2000-01 season is based on an objective measurement survey conducted in the California Central Valley. Fruit set is down significantly from last year and the lowest of any of the previous 13 non-freeze seasons. However, fruit size is above average. The crop is maturing well with harvest expected to start in Kern County by mid-October. This report was approved on September 12, 2000. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Keith J. Collins Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Frederic A. Vogel Contents Page August Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Corn for Grain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Corn Plant Populations Per Acre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Fruits and Nuts Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Olives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Oranges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Peanuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Reliability of Production Data in this Report. . . . . . . . . .42 Rice, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Sorghum for Grain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Soybeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet . . . . . . . . . . .29 Spring Wheat Head Populations per Square Foot. . . . . . . . . .28 Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Tobacco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Other Spring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Wheat, by Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Bushels -------- --- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL : 200 160 103.0 65.0 70.0 20,600 11,200 AR : 100 185 130.0 125.0 120.0 13,000 22,200 CA : 205 235 165.0 170.0 170.0 33,825 39,950 CO : 1,120 1,230 142.0 135.0 135.0 159,040 166,050 DE : 154 154 89.0 155.0 160.0 13,706 24,640 GA : 300 340 103.0 100.0 100.0 30,900 34,000 IL : 10,650 11,050 140.0 158.0 158.0 1,491,000 1,745,900 IN : 5,670 5,550 132.0 155.0 155.0 748,440 860,250 IA : 11,800 12,000 149.0 155.0 155.0 1,758,200 1,860,000 KS : 2,980 3,250 141.0 143.0 133.0 420,180 432,250 KY : 1,180 1,310 105.0 115.0 127.0 123,900 166,370 LA : 330 340 121.0 110.0 108.0 39,930 36,720 MD : 360 400 93.0 150.0 155.0 33,480 62,000 MI : 1,950 1,950 130.0 128.0 131.0 253,500 255,450 MN : 6,600 6,600 150.0 154.0 156.0 990,000 1,029,600 MS : 310 380 117.0 103.0 103.0 36,270 39,140 MO : 2,550 2,850 97.0 139.0 139.0 247,350 396,150 NE : 8,300 8,050 139.0 136.0 128.0 1,153,700 1,030,400 NJ : 60 75 37.0 128.0 128.0 2,220 9,600 NM : 83 75 180.0 180.0 180.0 14,940 13,500 NY : 590 530 101.0 110.0 106.0 59,590 56,180 NC : 640 660 80.0 100.0 110.0 51,200 72,600 ND : 655 950 117.0 115.0 116.0 76,635 110,200 OH : 3,200 3,300 126.0 142.0 145.0 403,200 478,500 OK : 310 290 145.0 135.0 135.0 44,950 39,150 PA : 880 1,050 70.0 127.0 129.0 61,600 135,450 SC : 275 280 70.0 65.0 70.0 19,250 19,600 SD : 3,250 3,950 113.0 100.0 108.0 367,250 426,600 TN : 570 590 102.0 108.0 108.0 58,140 63,720 TX : 1,770 1,850 129.0 135.0 132.0 228,330 244,200 VA : 280 300 78.0 130.0 135.0 21,840 40,500 WA : 100 95 180.0 190.0 185.0 18,000 17,575 WI : 2,850 2,750 143.0 137.0 140.0 407,550 385,000 : Oth : Sts 1/ : 265 280 134.4 138.3 134.7 35,621 37,729 : US : 70,537 73,059 133.8 141.9 141.8 9,437,337 10,362,374 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AZ, FL, ID, MT, OR, UT, WV, and WY. Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels -------- 1,000 Bushels : AR : 125 140 78.0 75.0 70.0 9,750 9,800 CO : 205 200 42.0 38.0 36.0 8,610 7,200 IL : 97 85 95.0 93.0 104.0 9,215 8,840 KS : 3,400 3,200 76.0 76.0 60.0 258,400 192,000 LA : 235 205 82.0 80.0 80.0 19,270 16,400 MO : 310 270 71.0 97.0 95.0 22,010 25,650 NE : 470 470 91.0 78.0 70.0 42,770 32,900 NM : 135 140 55.0 40.0 30.0 7,425 4,200 OK : 400 410 45.0 52.0 49.0 18,000 20,090 SD : 80 100 58.0 49.0 46.0 4,640 4,600 TX : 2,950 2,900 63.0 63.0 62.0 185,850 179,800 : Oth : Sts 1/2/: 137 195 67.3 76.2 74.6 9,226 14,548 : US : 8,544 8,315 69.7 69.5 62.1 595,166 516,028 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ For 1999, Other States include AL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, and TN. 2/ For 2000, Other States include AZ, AL, CA, DE, GA, KY, MD, MS, NC, PA, SC, TN, and VA. Barley: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels -------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 62 36 114.0 110.0 110.0 7,068 3,960 CA : 125 95 64.0 65.0 65.0 8,000 6,175 CO : 86 95 105.0 108.0 104.0 9,030 9,880 DE : 26 27 84.0 81.0 81.0 2,184 2,187 ID : 690 730 78.0 76.0 76.0 53,820 55,480 MD : 50 50 80.0 84.0 84.0 4,000 4,200 MN : 180 250 47.0 56.0 58.0 8,460 14,500 MT : 1,150 1,050 50.0 42.0 42.0 57,500 44,100 ND : 1,240 1,680 48.0 52.0 52.0 59,520 87,360 OK 1/ : 3 39.0 117 OR : 135 140 51.0 55.0 60.0 6,885 8,400 PA : 70 70 71.0 72.0 72.0 4,970 5,040 SC 1/ : 2 60.0 120 SD : 74 105 48.0 51.0 53.0 3,552 5,565 TX 1/ : 10 35.0 350 UT : 83 85 82.0 75.0 75.0 6,806 6,375 VA : 60 65 82.0 88.0 88.0 4,920 5,720 WA : 490 490 59.0 65.0 67.0 28,910 32,830 WY : 85 100 86.0 83.0 82.0 7,310 8,200 : Oth : Sts 2/3/: 137 167 60.8 59.6 59.6 8,331 9,958 : US : 4,758 5,235 59.2 58.8 59.2 281,853 309,930 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2000. 2/ For 1999, Other States include KS, KY, MI, NE, NV, NJ, NC, and WI. 3/ For 2000, Other States include KS, KY, ME, MI, NE, NV, NJ, NY, NC, OH, and WI. Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : AZ : 75 85 97.0 95.0 95.0 7,275 8,075 CA : 85 97 105.0 95.0 95.0 8,925 9,215 MT : 350 540 27.0 30.0 29.0 9,450 15,660 ND : 3,000 3,250 24.0 25.0 26.0 72,000 84,500 : Oth : Sts 1/: 59 14 28.3 29.4 29.4 1,672 412 : US : 3,569 3,986 27.8 28.9 29.6 99,322 117,862 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include MN and SD. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary". Other Spring Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : ID : 640 570 79.0 78.0 78.0 50,560 44,460 MN : 1,950 2,100 40.0 42.0 47.0 78,000 98,700 MT : 4,000 3,050 27.0 28.0 27.0 108,000 82,350 ND : 5,600 6,800 30.0 34.0 38.0 168,000 258,400 OR : 153 125 33.0 56.0 56.0 5,049 7,000 SD : 1,710 1,700 35.0 36.0 37.0 59,850 62,900 WA : 620 620 44.0 49.0 49.0 27,280 30,380 : Oth : Sts 1/: 95 93 67.3 63.2 63.2 6,393 5,879 : US : 14,768 15,058 34.1 36.8 39.2 503,132 590,069 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include CO, NV, UT, WI, and WY. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary". Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1998-99 and Forecast September 1, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1998 :1,179,452 442,677 258,604 486,370 42,099 138,119 2,547,321 1999 :1,054,996 453,421 191,572 447,931 55,201 99,322 2,302,443 2000 : 883,485 471,255 239,581 534,933 55,136 117,862 2,302,252 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat Variety Survey indicates winter wheat is 91 percent White. Rice: Area Planted and Harvested by Class, State, and United States, 1998-1999 1/ and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Area Planted : Area Harvested and :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Long Grain : 1,000 Acres AR : 1,293.0 1,378.0 1,142.0 1,283.0 1,374.0 1,134.0 CA : 9.0 5.0 5.0 9.0 5.0 5.0 LA : 595.0 585.0 480.0 590.0 581.0 475.0 MS : 270.0 325.0 220.0 268.0 323.0 218.0 MO : 142.0 184.0 178.0 140.0 182.0 173.0 TX : 280.0 254.0 235.0 278.0 253.0 234.0 : US : 2,589.0 2,731.0 2,260.0 2,568.0 2,718.0 2,239.0 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Medium Grain :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 205.0 250.0 275.0 200.0 249.0 273.0 CA : 420.0 455.0 515.0 418.0 450.0 513.0 LA : 30.0 35.0 20.0 30.0 35.0 20.0 MO : 3.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 TX : 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0 : US : 663.0 748.0 817.0 656.0 742.0 813.0 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Short Grain :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 CA : 31.0 50.0 30.0 31.0 50.0 30.0 : US : 33.0 52.0 33.0 33.0 52.0 33.0 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : All :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 1,500.0 1,630.0 1,420.0 1,485.0 1,625.0 1,410.0 CA : 460.0 510.0 550.0 458.0 505.0 548.0 LA : 625.0 620.0 500.0 620.0 616.0 495.0 MS : 270.0 325.0 220.0 268.0 323.0 218.0 MO : 145.0 186.0 180.0 143.0 184.0 175.0 TX : 285.0 260.0 240.0 283.0 259.0 239.0 : US : 3,285.0 3,531.0 3,110.0 3,257.0 3,512.0 3,085.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Rice: Yield and Production by Class, State, and United States, 1998-1999 1/ and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : Yield : Production and :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 2/ : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Long Grain : ----------- Pounds ---------- ---------- 1,000 Cwt ---------- AR : 5,740 5,780 73,644 79,417 CA : 5,970 6,800 537 340 LA : 4,530 5,000 26,727 29,050 MS : 5,800 5,650 15,544 18,250 MO : 5,200 5,400 7,280 9,828 TX : 5,610 5,920 15,596 14,978 : US : 5,426 5,587 139,328 151,863 130,121 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Medium Grain :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 6,200 6,230 12,400 15,513 CA : 6,990 7,300 29,218 32,850 LA : 4,600 5,070 1,380 1,775 MO : 5,200 5,400 156 108 TX : 5,000 4,900 250 294 : US : 6,616 6,811 43,404 50,540 59,104 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Short Grain :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 4,000 6,200 80 124 CA : 5,260 7,000 1,631 3,500 : US : 5,185 6,969 1,711 3,624 2,418 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : All :----------------------------------------------------------------------- AR : 5,800 5,850 6,100 86,124 95,054 86,010 CA : 6,850 7,270 7,900 31,386 36,690 43,292 LA : 4,530 5,000 4,900 28,107 30,825 24,255 MS : 5,800 5,650 5,900 15,544 18,250 12,862 MO : 5,200 5,400 5,400 7,436 9,936 9,450 TX : 5,600 5,900 6,600 15,846 15,272 15,774 : US : 5,663 5,866 6,212 184,443 206,027 191,643 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. 2/ Indicated September 1, 2000, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the Crop Production 2000 Summary in January 2001. Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- -- 1,000 Bushels -- : AL : 200 170 16.0 19.0 19.0 3,200 3,230 AR : 3,350 3,400 28.0 28.0 26.0 93,800 88,400 DE : 201 221 27.0 36.0 38.0 5,427 8,398 GA : 190 180 19.0 19.0 21.0 3,610 3,780 IL : 10,550 10,250 42.0 48.0 47.0 443,100 481,750 IN : 5,550 5,660 39.0 46.0 46.0 216,450 260,360 IA : 10,750 10,550 44.5 49.0 47.0 478,375 495,850 KS : 2,800 2,850 28.0 32.0 24.0 78,400 68,400 KY : 1,150 1,080 21.0 34.0 36.0 24,150 38,880 LA : 990 900 27.0 26.0 23.0 26,730 20,700 MD : 480 490 30.0 36.0 38.0 14,400 18,620 MI : 1,940 2,190 40.0 40.0 41.0 77,600 89,790 MN : 6,900 7,100 41.0 42.0 42.0 282,900 298,200 MS : 1,900 1,650 23.5 27.0 23.0 44,650 37,950 MO : 5,350 5,100 27.5 41.0 38.0 147,125 193,800 NE : 4,250 4,650 42.5 42.0 38.0 180,625 176,700 NJ : 98 93 24.0 35.0 35.0 2,352 3,255 NY : 128 165 37.0 37.0 38.0 4,736 6,270 NC : 1,300 1,330 23.0 30.0 30.0 29,900 39,900 ND : 1,340 2,070 35.0 34.0 33.0 46,900 68,310 OH : 4,500 4,390 36.0 41.0 43.0 162,000 188,770 OK : 360 430 19.0 28.0 24.0 6,840 10,320 PA : 350 395 29.0 41.0 42.0 10,150 16,590 SC : 450 450 20.0 22.0 23.0 9,000 10,350 SD : 4,070 4,250 36.0 33.0 35.0 146,520 148,750 TN : 1,190 1,160 18.0 30.0 26.0 21,420 30,160 TX : 380 360 27.0 33.0 33.0 10,260 11,880 VA : 440 460 27.0 33.0 34.0 11,880 15,640 WI : 1,300 1,440 46.0 45.0 44.0 59,800 63,360 : Oth : Sts 1/ 2/: 19 40 32.0 29.2 30.2 608 1,208 : US : 72,476 73,474 36.5 40.7 39.5 2,642,908 2,899,571 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ For 1998 and 1999, Other States include FL. 2/ For 2000, Other States include FL and WV. Peanuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State: : : : 2000 : : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Acres -- --------- Pounds -------- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : AL : 206.0 197.0 2,175 1,400 1,400 448,050 275,800 FL : 94.0 80.0 2,770 2,400 2,300 260,380 184,000 GA : 544.0 507.0 2,575 2,500 2,500 1,400,800 1,267,500 NM : 22.0 22.0 2,800 2,700 2,700 61,600 59,400 NC : 124.0 125.0 2,410 2,900 3,000 298,840 375,000 OK : 79.0 80.0 2,400 2,400 2,400 189,600 192,000 SC : 11.0 11.5 2,300 2,800 2,900 25,300 33,350 TX : 280.0 368.0 3,310 3,200 3,100 926,800 1,140,800 VA : 76.0 75.0 2,870 3,100 3,000 218,120 225,000 : US : 1,436.0 1,465.5 2,667 2,587 2,561 3,829,490 3,752,850 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts. Cottonseed: Production, United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : US : 5,365.4 6,353.5 6,878.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production 1/ Type :---------------------------------------------------------------------- and : : : : 2000 : : State : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 :-------------------: 1999 : 2000 : : : : Aug 1 : Sep 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :--- 1,000 Acres -- -------- Pounds -------- 1,000 Bales 2/ : Upland : AL : 561.0 540.0 535 489 489 625.0 550.0 AZ : 269.0 279.0 1,278 1,230 1,230 716.0 715.0 AR : 960.0 950.0 714 751 728 1,428.0 1,440.0 CA : 605.0 765.0 1,254 1,255 1,255 1,580.0 2,000.0 GA : 1,300.0 1,300.0 579 620 620 1,567.0 1,680.0 LA : 610.0 700.0 709 690 672 901.0 980.0 MS : 1,180.0 1,280.0 704 738 686 1,731.0 1,830.0 MO : 377.0 425.0 601 700 678 472.0 600.0 NM : 79.0 85.0 662 678 734 109.0 130.0 NC : 825.0 930.0 475 715 723 816.0 1,400.0 OK : 150.0 250.0 461 461 442 144.0 230.0 SC : 315.0 310.0 428 581 573 281.0 370.0 TN : 565.0 595.0 505 581 565 595.0 700.0 TX : 5,100.0 5,300.0 475 498 453 5,050.0 5,000.0 VA : 108.0 109.0 635 722 722 142.8 164.0 : Oth : Sts 3/: 134.0 129.0 487 450 428 135.9 115.0 : US :13,138.0 13,947.0 595 642 616 16,293.7 17,904.0 : Amer-Pima: AZ : 8.9 6.0 879 848 848 16.3 10.6 CA : 239.0 144.0 1,210 1,192 1,200 602.7 360.0 NM : 7.0 6.0 734 680 680 10.7 8.5 TX : 32.0 20.0 669 720 768 44.6 32.0 : US : 286.9 176.0 1,128 1,111 1,121 674.3 411.1 : All : AL : 561.0 540.0 535 489 489 625.0 550.0 AZ : 277.9 285.0 1,265 1,222 1,222 732.3 725.6 AR : 960.0 950.0 714 751 728 1,428.0 1,440.0 CA : 844.0 909.0 1,241 1,245 1,246 2,182.7 2,360.0 GA : 1,300.0 1,300.0 579 620 620 1,567.0 1,680.0 LA : 610.0 700.0 709 690 672 901.0 980.0 MS : 1,180.0 1,280.0 704 738 686 1,731.0 1,830.0 MO : 377.0 425.0 601 700 678 472.0 600.0 NM : 86.0 91.0 668 678 731 119.7 138.5 NC : 825.0 930.0 475 715 723 816.0 1,400.0 OK : 150.0 250.0 461 461 442 144.0 230.0 SC : 315.0 310.0 428 581 573 281.0 370.0 TN : 565.0 595.0 505 581 565 595.0 700.0 TX : 5,132.0 5,320.0 477 499 454 5,094.6 5,032.0 VA : 108.0 109.0 635 722 722 142.8 164.0 : Oth : Sts 3/: 134.0 129.0 487 450 428 135.9 115.0 : US :13,424.9 14,123.0 607 648 622 16,968.0 18,315.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-Lb. net weight bales. 3/ Other States include FL and KS. Individual state level forecasts will be published in the "January Crop Report". Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ----- ---- Pounds --- -------- 1,000 Pounds -------- : CT : 3,040 1,600 1,799 1,359 4,276 5,470 2,175 FL : 5,800 4,900 2,640 2,450 17,102 15,312 12,005 GA : 33,000 30,000 1,940 2,200 90,200 64,020 66,000 IN : 6,500 3,800 1,800 2,100 17,000 11,700 7,980 KY : 221,650 137,500 1,843 2,113 443,628 408,492 290,590 MD : 6,500 6,000 1,400 1,550 9,100 9,100 9,300 MA : 1,320 550 1,763 805 1,788 2,327 443 MO 1/ : 2,300 1,400 2,015 2,180 5,751 4,635 3,052 NC : 207,800 175,800 2,161 2,351 551,730 448,980 413,310 OH : 9,800 7,500 1,740 1,930 17,934 17,052 14,475 PA : 6,200 5,100 1,802 2,021 15,720 11,170 10,305 SC : 39,000 34,000 2,000 2,300 92,250 78,000 78,200 TN : 63,170 54,190 1,941 2,170 111,100 122,601 117,592 VA : 38,300 27,400 2,320 2,299 95,898 88,855 62,980 WV 1/ : 1,600 1,500 1,350 1,600 2,160 2,160 2,400 WI : 1,180 1,000 2,388 2,100 4,230 2,818 2,100 : US : 647,160 492,240 1,997 2,220 1,479,867 1,292,692 1,092,907 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 55,000 45,000 2,400 2,400 132,000 108,000 VA : 26,000 17,000 2,420 2,400 62,920 40,800 US : 81,000 62,000 2,406 2,400 194,920 148,800 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 119,000 102,000 2,100 2,400 249,900 244,800 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 26,000 21,000 2,100 2,250 54,600 47,250 SC : 39,000 34,000 2,000 2,300 78,000 78,200 US : 65,000 55,000 2,040 2,281 132,600 125,450 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 5,800 4,900 2,640 2,450 15,312 12,005 GA : 33,000 30,000 1,940 2,200 64,020 66,000 US : 38,800 34,900 2,045 2,235 79,332 78,005 Total 11-14 : 303,800 253,900 2,162 2,352 656,752 597,055 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,600 1,300 1,670 1,700 2,672 2,210 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 3,750 4,000 2,350 2,650 8,813 10,600 TN : 7,000 7,900 2,280 2,500 15,960 19,750 US : 10,750 11,900 2,304 2,550 24,773 30,350 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,500 3,800 2,630 3,200 9,205 12,160 TN : 570 630 2,500 3,000 1,425 1,890 US : 4,070 4,430 2,612 3,172 10,630 14,050 Total 21-23 : 16,420 17,630 2,319 2,644 38,075 46,610 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 6,500 3,800 1,800 2,100 11,700 7,980 KY : 210,000 125,000 1,810 2,050 380,100 256,250 MO 1/ : 2,300 1,400 2,015 2,180 4,635 3,052 NC : 7,800 7,800 1,600 1,700 12,480 13,260 OH : 9,800 7,500 1,740 1,930 17,052 14,475 TN : 55,000 45,000 1,890 2,100 103,950 94,500 VA : 10,600 9,000 2,180 2,200 23,108 19,800 WV 1/ : 1,600 1,500 1,350 1,600 2,160 2,400 US : 303,600 201,000 1,829 2,048 555,185 411,717 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 6,500 6,000 1,400 1,550 9,100 9,300 PA : 3,000 2,700 1,750 1,950 5,250 5,265 US : 9,500 8,700 1,511 1,674 14,350 14,565 Total 31-32 : 313,100 209,700 1,819 2,033 569,535 426,282 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark Air-cured: Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,850 3,000 2,370 2,500 6,755 7,500 TN : 600 660 2,110 2,200 1,266 1,452 US : 3,450 3,660 2,325 2,446 8,021 8,952 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,550 1,700 2,335 2,400 3,619 4,080 Type 37, VA Sun-cured : Belt : VA : 100 100 1,550 1,700 155 170 Total 35-37 : 5,100 5,460 2,313 2,418 11,795 13,202 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 3,200 2,400 1,850 2,100 5,920 5,040 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 1,530 500 1,650 1,160 2,525 580 MA : 970 300 1,695 660 1,644 198 US : 2,500 800 1,668 973 4,169 778 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI : WI : 890 750 2,530 2,200 2,252 1,650 Type 55, Northern WI : WI : 290 250 1,952 1,800 566 450 Total 54-55 : 1,180 1,000 2,388 2,100 2,818 2,100 Total 51-55 : 3,680 1,800 1,899 1,599 6,987 2,878 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper : Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 1,510 1,100 1,950 1,450 2,945 1,595 MA : 350 250 1,951 980 683 245 US : 1,860 1,350 1,951 1,363 3,628 1,840 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 8,740 5,550 1,892 1,758 16,535 9,758 : All Tobacco : 647,160 492,240 1,997 2,220 1,292,692 1,092,907 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group, State, and United States, 1999-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonal : Area Planted :Area Harvested : Yield : Production Group and :------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 Acres ------- --- Cwt --- --- 1,000 Cwt -- : Winter 1/ : CA : 8.5 9.0 8.5 9.0 260 320 2,210 2,880 FL : 9.6 8.2 9.3 8.0 200 230 1,860 1,840 : Total : 18.1 17.2 17.8 17.0 229 278 4,070 4,720 : Spring 1/ : AL 2/ : 1.7 1.6 175 280 AZ : 10.0 11.0 9.6 11.0 315 290 3,024 3,190 CA : 19.0 18.8 19.0 18.8 400 355 7,600 6,674 FL : 28.8 25.0 28.0 24.0 315 291 8,820 6,990 Hastings : 21.5 17.5 21.0 17.0 330 300 6,930 5,100 Other FL : 7.3 7.5 7.0 7.0 270 270 1,890 1,890 NC 3/ : 17.0 17.5 16.5 17.0 200 200 3,300 3,400 TX : 10.3 9.8 9.8 9.3 235 240 2,303 2,232 : Total : 86.8 82.1 84.5 80.1 300 281 25,327 22,486 : Summer 4/ : AL 2/ : 3.5 5.1 2.8 4.6 220 170 616 782 CA : 6.7 6.5 6.7 6.5 360 355 2,412 2,308 CO : 7.7 8.1 7.5 7.9 330 340 2,475 2,686 DE : 4.3 4.8 4.3 4.7 250 260 1,075 1,222 IL : 4.9 5.5 4.7 5.3 350 340 1,645 1,802 IA 5/ : 1.1 0.8 225 180 KS 6/ : 3.0 2.9 340 986 MD : 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 240 240 1,128 1,128 MO : 8.0 6.2 6.2 6.1 295 275 1,829 1,678 NE 7/ : 4.9 4.5 360 1,620 NJ : 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 250 255 625 638 NM : 4.3 3.3 4.3 3.0 290 350 1,247 1,050 NC 3/ : 1.0 1.0 110 110 TX : 8.6 8.4 8.0 7.8 370 380 2,960 2,964 VA : 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.3 175 200 1,050 1,260 : Total : 68.9 64.8 64.0 62.3 296 297 18,972 18,504 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group, State, and United States, 1999-2000 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seasonal : Area Planted :Area Harvested : Yield : Production Group and :------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :--------- 1,000 Acres --------- -- Cwt -- 1,000 Cwt : Fall 4/ 8/ : CA : 9.0 8.5 9.0 8.5 445 4,005 CO : 77.2 75.8 76.9 75.6 335 25,762 ID : 395.0 415.0 393.0 413.0 339 133,330 10 SW Co: 26.0 28.0 26.0 28.0 470 12,220 Other ID: 369.0 387.0 367.0 385.0 330 121,110 IN : 5.2 4.2 4.9 4.0 270 1,323 ME : 65.0 64.0 62.5 63.0 285 17,813 MA : 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 255 740 MI : 48.0 49.0 47.5 47.5 315 14,963 MN : 70.0 66.0 53.0 60.0 340 18,020 MT : 11.0 12.0 10.9 11.8 305 3,325 NE 7/ : 21.6 25.0 21.2 24.5 420 8,904 NV : 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 440 2,860 NM : 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.8 380 2,508 NY : 26.0 22.0 25.5 21.0 265 6,758 ND : 121.0 124.0 110.0 115.0 240 26,400 OH : 4.8 4.2 4.7 4.1 210 987 OR : 56.0 57.0 55.5 56.5 505 28,020 Malheur : 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 440 4,620 Other OR: 45.5 46.5 45.0 46.0 520 23,400 PA : 14.5 13.5 14.0 13.0 220 3,080 RI : 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 225 135 SD : 3.5 4.5 3.4 4.2 290 986 UT : 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.5 290 580 WA : 170.0 175.0 170.0 175.0 560 95,200 WI : 86.0 86.0 85.0 85.0 400 34,000 WY 5/ : 0.5 0.5 295 148 : Total :1,203.0 1,223.9 1,166.1 1,199.9 369 429,847 : US :1,376.8 1,388.0 1,332.4 1,359.3 359 478,216 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2/ Spring estimates included with summer in 2000. 3/ Summer estimates included with spring in 2000. 4/ 1999 Estimates revised. 5/ Estimates discontinued in 2000. 6/ Estimates began in 2000. 7/ Summer estimates included with fall in 2000. 8/ The forecast of fall potato production will be released November 9, 2000. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- -------- 1,000 Tons -------- : FL : 460.0 454.0 35.0 38.0 17,925 16,100 17,252 HI : 37.3 35.4 79.4 77.0 2,798 2,960 2,726 LA : 465.0 490.0 32.7 31.0 12,920 15,206 15,190 TX : 31.0 47.0 33.3 31.9 1,064 1,033 1,499 : US : 993.3 1,026.4 35.5 35.7 34,707 35,299 36,667 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net tons. Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ---- Tons ---- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- : CA : 108.0 99.0 32.0 33.0 2,723 3,456 3,267 CO : 68.5 61.3 21.3 21.1 1,301 1,459 1,293 ID : 210.0 211.0 24.3 26.8 5,501 5,103 5,655 MI : 190.0 180.0 18.6 18.0 2,768 3,534 3,240 MN : 470.0 476.0 20.1 21.2 9,710 9,447 10,091 MT : 61.7 60.0 23.8 23.7 1,410 1,468 1,422 NE : 66.2 62.1 19.0 19.0 934 1,258 1,180 ND : 247.0 250.0 20.8 22.0 5,386 5,138 5,500 OH : 1.7 1.1 19.5 18.0 19 33 20 OR : 19.7 15.8 25.1 27.8 471 494 439 WA : 27.4 28.3 30.1 33.4 1,192 825 945 WY : 57.1 59.4 21.1 21.0 1,084 1,205 1,247 : US : 1,527.3 1,504.0 21.9 22.8 32,499 33,420 34,299 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. Oranges: Utilized Production by State and United States, 1998-99, 1999-00 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 1/ 2/ 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 2000-01 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 2000-01 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 Boxes ------ ------- 1,000 Tons ------ Early Mid & : Navel 4/ : AZ : 550 600 21 22 CA : 21,000 40,000 34,000 787 1,500 1,275 FL : 112,000 134,000 5,040 6,030 TX : 1,250 1,540 53 66 US : 134,800 176,140 5,901 7,618 Valencia : AZ : 600 500 22 19 CA : 15,000 27,000 563 1,013 FL : 74,000 99,000 3,330 4,455 TX : 180 200 8 8 US : 89,780 126,700 3,923 5,495 All : AZ : 1,150 1,100 43 41 CA : 36,000 67,000 1,350 2,513 FL : 186,000 233,000 8,370 10,485 TX : 1,430 1,740 61 74 US : 224,580 302,840 9,824 13,113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1998-99 and 1999-00 revised. Revised grapefruit and other citrus fruit totals will be released September 21, 2000, in "Citrus Fruits, 2000 Summary". 2/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 3/ Net lbs. per box: AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85. 4/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Jul : 3,490 2,535 2,035 1,535 3,225 4,685 Aug : 3,515 2,340 2,025 1,375 3,315 4,035 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nuts: Utilized Production, In-shell Basis, by Crop and State, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Hazelnuts : OR : 15,400 39,700 24,800 WA : 100 300 200 : Total : 15,500 40,000 25,000 : Walnuts : CA : 227,000 283,000 245,000 : : 1,000 Pounds : Pistachios : AZ 1/ : 2,600 CA : 188,000 123,000 205,000 : Total : 188,000 123,000 207,600 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ AZ added to the estimating program in 2000. Olives: Total Production, California, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 90,000 145,000 75,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-2000 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 5,223.0 5,702.0 4,758.0 5,235.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 77,431.0 79,579.0 70,537.0 73,059.0 Corn for Silage : 6,062.0 Hay, All : 63,160.0 62,191.0 Alfalfa : 23,985.0 23,767.0 All Other : 39,175.0 38,424.0 Oats : 4,670.0 4,472.0 2,453.0 2,452.0 Proso Millet : 600.0 450.0 540.0 Rice : 3,531.0 3,110.0 3,512.0 3,085.0 Rye : 1,582.0 1,327.0 383.0 309.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,288.0 9,005.0 8,544.0 8,315.0 Sorghum for Silage : 320.0 Wheat, All : 62,814.0 62,946.0 53,909.0 54,445.0 Winter : 43,431.0 43,349.0 35,572.0 35,401.0 Durum : 4,035.0 4,050.0 3,569.0 3,986.0 Other Spring : 15,348.0 15,547.0 14,768.0 15,058.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,076.0 1,503.0 1,044.0 1,459.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 387.0 593.0 382.0 575.0 Mustard Seed : 60.8 54.0 58.8 52.4 Peanuts : 1,534.5 1,495.0 1,436.0 1,465.5 Rapeseed : 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 Safflower : 275.0 224.0 262.0 209.0 Soybeans for Beans : 73,780.0 74,501.0 72,476.0 73,474.0 Sunflower : 3,553.0 2,866.0 3,441.0 2,775.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 14,873.5 15,532.0 13,424.9 14,123.0 Upland : 14,584.0 15,350.0 13,138.0 13,947.0 Amer-Pima : 289.5 182.0 286.9 176.0 Sugarbeets : 1,560.6 1,560.9 1,527.3 1,504.0 Sugarcane : 993.3 1,026.4 Tobacco : 647.2 492.2 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 6.1 4.4 Dry Edible Beans : 2,023.0 1,740.9 1,877.0 1,580.6 Dry Edible Peas : 281.6 263.6 Lentils : 182.0 174.5 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.4 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.4 0.3 Hops : 34.3 36.4 Peppermint Oil : 106.3 Potatoes, All : 1,376.8 1,388.0 1,332.4 1,359.3 Winter : 18.1 17.2 17.8 17.0 Spring : 86.8 82.1 84.5 80.1 Summer : 68.9 64.8 64.0 62.3 Fall : 1,203.0 1,223.9 1,166.1 1,199.9 Spearmint Oil : 24.4 Sweet Potatoes : 93.8 96.1 83.1 93.3 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-2000 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------- : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 59.2 59.2 281,853 309,930 Corn for Grain : " : 133.8 141.8 9,437,337 10,362,374 Corn for Silage : Ton : 15.9 96,169 Hay, All : " : 2.52 2.46 159,077 153,255 Alfalfa : " : 3.50 3.32 83,924 78,796 All Other : " : 1.92 1.94 75,153 74,459 Oats : Bu : 59.6 62.3 146,218 152,745 Proso Millet : " : 33.2 17,910 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 5,866 6,212 206,027 191,643 Rye : Bu : 28.7 10,993 Sorghum for Grain : " : 69.7 62.1 595,166 516,028 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 11.6 3,716 Wheat, All : Bu : 42.7 42.3 2,302,443 2,302,252 Winter : " : 47.8 45.0 1,699,989 1,594,321 Durum : " : 27.8 29.6 99,322 117,862 Other Spring : " : 34.1 39.2 503,132 590,069 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,306 1,363,680 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 6,354 6,878 Flaxseed : Bu : 20.6 7,880 Mustard Seed : Lb : 816 48,010 Peanuts : " : 2,667 2,561 3,829,490 3,752,850 Rapeseed : " : 1,155 5,080 Safflower : " : 1,545 404,715 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 36.5 39.5 2,642,908 2,899,571 Sunflower : Lb : 1,262 4,341,862 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 607 622 16,968.0 18,315.1 Upland 2/ : " : 595 616 16,293.7 17,904.0 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,128 1,121 674.3 411.1 Sugarbeets : Ton : 21.9 22.8 33,420 34,299 Sugarcane : " : 35.5 35.7 35,299 36,667 Tobacco : Lb : 1,997 2,220 1,292,692 1,092,907 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,364 60 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,770 1,630 33,230 25,764 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,908 5,030 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,368 2,387 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 658 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,560 10,000 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 46,000 50,000 16,100 13,500 Hops : " : 1,881 1,876 64,456 68,288 Peppermint Oil : " : 71 7,537 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 359 478,216 Winter : " : 229 278 4,070 4,720 Spring : " : 300 281 25,327 22,486 Summer : " : 296 297 18,972 18,504 Fall : " : 369 429,847 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 101 2,454 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 147 12,234 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 6,800 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-2000 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,593 2,520 2,789 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 2 4 5 Lemons : " : 897 747 878 Oranges 3/ : " : 13,670 9,824 13,113 Tangelos (FL) : " : 128 115 99 Tangerines : " : 360 327 444 Temples (FL) : " : 101 81 88 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 11,646.4 10,579.6 10,677.1 Apricots : Ton : 118.5 90.5 101.9 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 21,000.0 24,500.0 Grapes : Ton : 5,820.0 6,230.4 7,360.1 Olives (CA) : " : 90.0 145.0 75.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 39,900.0 42,400.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,400.7 2,525.4 2,677.1 Pears : Ton : 970.1 1,020.5 1,001.1 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 108.0 178.0 200.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 25.6 23.3 21.7 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 520,000 830,000 640,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 15.5 40.0 25.0 Pecans 4/ : Lb : 146,400 406,100 Pistachios 5/ : " : 188,000 123,000 207,600 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 227.0 283.0 245.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,159 1,188 1,231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3/ Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be released on September 21, 2000 in "Citrus Fruits, 2000 Summary". 4/ First forecast of 2000 crop will be October 1, 2000. 5/ AZ added to estimating program in 2000. Prior to 2000 estimates, are for CA only. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-2000 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,113,700 2,307,540 1,925,520 2,118,550 Corn for Grain 2/ :31,335,550 32,204,830 28,545,620 29,566,250 Corn for Silage : 2,453,230 Hay, All 3/ : 25,560,220 25,168,080 Alfalfa : 9,706,490 9,618,270 All Other : 15,853,730 15,549,810 Oats : 1,889,900 1,809,770 992,700 992,300 Proso Millet : 242,810 182,110 218,530 Rice : 1,428,960 1,258,590 1,421,270 1,248,470 Rye : 640,220 537,020 155,000 125,050 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,758,760 3,644,230 3,457,670 3,365,000 Sorghum for Silage : 129,500 Wheat, All 3/ :25,420,200 25,473,620 21,816,430 22,033,350 Winter :17,576,090 17,542,910 14,395,630 14,326,430 Durum : 1,632,920 1,638,990 1,444,340 1,613,090 Other Spring : 6,211,180 6,291,720 5,976,460 6,093,820 : Oilseeds : Canola : 435,450 608,250 422,500 590,440 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 156,620 239,980 154,590 232,700 Mustard Seed : 24,610 21,850 23,800 21,210 Peanuts : 621,000 605,010 581,130 593,070 Rapeseed : 1,860 1,820 1,780 1,780 Safflower : 111,290 90,650 106,030 84,580 Soybeans for Beans :29,858,030 30,149,810 29,330,310 29,734,190 Sunflower : 1,437,860 1,159,840 1,392,540 1,123,010 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 6,019,160 6,285,650 5,432,920 5,715,440 Upland : 5,902,000 6,211,990 5,316,820 5,644,210 Amer-Pima : 117,160 73,650 116,110 71,230 Sugarbeets : 631,560 631,680 618,080 608,650 Sugarcane : 401,980 415,370 Tobacco : 261,900 199,200 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 2,470 1,780 Dry Edible Beans : 818,690 704,520 759,600 639,650 Dry Edible Peas : 113,960 106,680 Lentils : 73,650 70,620 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,590 Ginger Root (HI) : 140 110 Hops : 13,860 14,730 Peppermint Oil : 43,020 Potatoes, All 3/ : 557,180 561,710 539,210 550,100 Winter : 7,320 6,960 7,200 6,880 Spring : 35,130 33,230 34,200 32,420 Summer : 27,880 26,220 25,900 25,210 Fall : 486,840 495,300 471,910 485,590 Spearmint Oil : 9,870 Sweet Potatoes : 37,960 38,890 33,630 37,760 Taro (HI) 4/ : 200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-2000 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.19 3.19 6,136,620 6,747,930 Corn for Grain : 8.40 8.90 239,719,400 263,216,420 Corn for Silage : 35.56 87,243,050 Hay, All 2/ : 5.65 5.52 144,312,230 139,030,600 Alfalfa : 7.84 7.43 76,134,570 71,482,530 All Other : 4.30 4.34 68,177,650 67,548,070 Oats : 2.14 2.23 2,122,350 2,217,090 Proso Millet : 1.86 406,190 Rice : 6.58 6.96 9,345,230 8,692,780 Rye : 1.80 279,240 Sorghum for Grain : 4.37 3.90 15,117,910 13,107,710 Sorghum for Silage : 26.03 3,371,100 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.87 2.84 62,662,230 62,657,030 Winter : 3.21 3.03 46,266,120 43,390,310 Durum : 1.87 1.99 2,703,100 3,207,680 Other Spring : 2.29 2.64 13,693,010 16,059,050 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.46 618,550 Cottonseed 3/ : 5,763,800 6,239,890 Flaxseed : 1.29 200,160 Mustard Seed : 0.92 21,780 Peanuts : 2.99 2.87 1,737,030 1,702,260 Rapeseed : 1.29 2,300 Safflower : 1.73 183,580 Soybeans for Beans : 2.45 2.65 71,928,170 78,913,390 Sunflower : 1.41 1,969,440 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.68 0.70 3,694,350 3,987,640 Upland : 0.67 0.69 3,547,540 3,898,140 Amer-Pima : 1.26 1.26 146,810 89,510 Sugarbeets : 49.05 51.12 30,318,110 31,115,530 Sugarcane : 79.66 80.08 32,022,710 33,263,740 Tobacco : 2.24 2.49 586,360 495,730 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.53 2,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.98 1.83 1,507,290 1,168,640 Dry Edible Peas : 2.14 228,160 Lentils : 1.53 108,270 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 29,850 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.75 4,540 Ginger Root (HI) : 51.56 56.04 7,300 6,120 Hops : 2.11 2.10 29,240 30,980 Peppermint Oil : 0.08 3,420 Potatoes, All 2/ : 40.23 21,691,510 Winter : 25.63 31.12 184,610 214,100 Spring : 33.59 31.46 1,148,810 1,019,950 Summer : 33.23 33.29 860,560 839,330 Fall : 41.32 19,497,530 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,110 Sweet Potatoes : 16.50 554,920 Taro (HI) 3/ : 3,080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-2000 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,352,330 2,286,110 2,530,140 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 1,810 3,630 4,540 Lemons : 813,740 677,670 796,510 Oranges 3/ : 12,401,220 8,912,180 11,895,910 Tangelos (FL) : 116,120 104,330 89,810 Tangerines : 326,590 296,650 402,790 Temples (FL) : 91,630 73,480 79,830 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 5,282,720 4,798,830 4,843,050 Apricots : 107,490 82,100 92,440 Bananas (HI) : 9,530 11,110 Grapes : 5,279,770 5,652,090 6,676,950 Olives (CA) : 81,650 131,540 68,040 Papayas (HI) : 18,100 19,230 Peaches : 1,088,940 1,145,500 1,214,310 Pears : 880,100 925,740 908,180 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 97,980 161,480 181,440 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 23,220 21,140 19,690 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 235,870 376,480 290,300 Hazelnuts : 14,060 36,290 22,680 Pecans 4/ : 66,410 184,200 Pistachios 5/ : 85,280 55,790 94,170 Walnuts (CA) : 205,930 256,730 222,260 Maple Syrup : 5,790 5,940 6,150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3/ Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be released on September 21, 2000 in "Citrus Fruits, 2000 Summary". 4/ First forecast of 2000 crop will be October 1, 2000. 5/ AZ added to estimating program in 2000. Prior to 2000 estimates, are for CA only. Corn for Grain: Plant Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 7 corn producing States during 2000. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual field counts from this survey. Corn for Grain: Plant Population per Acre, Selected States, 1996-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : IL : Sep : 24,350 25,000 25,550 25,750 25,800 : Nov : 24,200 24,900 25,400 25,650 : : IN : Sep : 23,550 23,700 24,350 25,250 25,050 : Nov : 23,500 23,800 24,300 25,100 : : IA : Sep : 25,000 25,700 25,700 25,850 26,500 : Nov : 24,950 25,500 25,600 25,900 : : MN : Sep : 26,500 26,300 27,750 26,750 27,500 : Nov : 26,600 26,600 27,650 26,800 : : NE : Sep : 22,750 22,850 23,350 23,200 23,700 : Nov : 22,700 22,850 23,050 23,100 : : OH : Sep : 23,100 23,450 25,350 25,000 25,200 : Nov : 22,750 23,500 25,450 25,000 : : WI : Sep : 24,800 24,750 26,600 26,050 26,550 : Nov : 24,900 24,800 25,850 26,200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Spring Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in three spring wheat producing States during 2000. Randomly selected plots in wheat fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. The final number of heads is determined when the plots are harvested at maturity. These data will be published in January. All Spring Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 1996-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop and State :Month : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : Other Spring : : : : MN : Sep : 41.6 47.7 45.8 49.0 52.5 : Final: 41.6 47.8 45.8 49.4 : : MT : Sep : 25.2 25.8 29.5 24.5 27.8 : Final: 25.1 25.8 29.5 24.5 : : ND : Sep : 36.0 37.8 38.5 37.2 46.6 : Final: 36.1 37.7 38.3 37.1 : : Durum : : : : ND : Sep : 24.7 22.8 27.5 22.9 24.2 : Final: 24.7 22.8 27.5 22.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soybeans: Pod Counts The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 8 soybean producing States during 2000. Randomly selected plots of soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Soybeans: Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet, Selected States, 1996-00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : AR : Sep 1/: : Nov : 1,521 2,098 1,640 1,483 : Final : 1,481 1,956 1,613 1,346 : : IL : Sep : 1,505 1,828 2,087 1,917 2,162 : Nov : 1,573 1,708 1,902 1,788 : Final : 1,581 1,708 1,906 1,787 : : IN : Sep : 1,416 1,622 1,883 1,771 1,917 : Nov : 1,470 1,532 1,709 1,622 : Final : 1,457 1,532 1,709 1,622 : : IA : Sep : 1,654 1,894 1,914 2,142 1,830 : Nov : 1,463 1,458 1,745 1,894 : Final : 1,463 1,461 1,748 1,878 : : MN : Sep : 1,543 1,585 1,598 1,612 1,607 : Nov : 1,487 1,506 1,450 1,563 : Final : 1,487 1,506 1,442 1,565 : : MO : Sep : 1,491 1,539 1,847 1,242 1,974 : Nov : 1,688 1,591 1,878 1,508 : Final : 1,655 1,650 1,931 1,525 : : NE : Sep : 1,715 1,716 1,849 1,877 1,795 : Nov : 1,514 1,345 1,810 1,872 : Final : 1,514 1,342 1,810 1,872 : : OH : Sep : 1,452 1,711 1,887 1,699 1,893 : Nov : 1,378 1,485 1,710 1,494 : Final : 1,383 1,467 1,710 1,494 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Not available due to plant immaturity. Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 13 cotton producing States during 2000. Randomly selected plots of cotton fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey for 5 States which accounted for 66 percent of the 1999 U.S. upland cotton production. The remaining 8 States are new to the Objective Yield survey and do not have 5 years of historical counts available. Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, September 1996-2000, and November and Final, 1996-1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : AR : Sep : 857 975 637 720 874 : Nov : 741 810 633 693 : Final : 741 811 640 689 : : CA : Sep : 707 701 755 921 760 : Nov : 748 697 665 779 : Final : 744 697 655 776 : : LA : Sep : 665 639 694 722 722 : Nov : 607 643 600 728 : Final : 607 643 600 728 : : MS : Sep : 816 908 835 761 657 : Nov : 731 835 823 767 : Final : 729 833 821 766 : : TX : Sep : 383 500 498 465 408 : Nov : 498 468 477 447 : Final : 498 458 482 456 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs, per 40 feet of row. In November, excludes small bolls. August Weather Summary Extremely dry weather prevailed in the Northwestern and South-Central States, accompanied by very hot weather in the latter region that severely stressed pastures and immature summer crops, including cotton, soybeans, and sorghum. An already active wildfire season intensified from the Great Basin to the northern Rockies, but beneficial seasonal rains eased long-term moisture deficits in parts of the Southwest. Meanwhile in the Corn Belt, near-normal temperatures and widespread showers aided filling summer crops in eastern areas, but hotter, drier conditions brought some increase in stress on corn and soybeans in western areas. In the South, hot, dry weather resulted in further drought intensification as far east as Alabama, but beneficial showers returned to the southern Atlantic region, aiding immature summer crops and denting long-term moisture deficits. Cool, wet conditions lingered in the Mid-Atlantic region, where monthly temperatures averaged as much as 3 degrees F below normal. In the Corn Belt, readings ranged from 1 degree F below normal to 3 degrees F above normal. Monthly temperatures were near or slightly below normal in California and the Pacific Northwest, but averaged as much as 5 degrees F above normal in the Intermountain West and up to 9 degrees F above normal in eastern Kansas. Monthly temperatures averaged at least 4 degrees F above normal in most areas from southeastern Montana southward onto the southern Plains and southeastward to the Delta. August Agricultural Summary Above-normal temperatures promoted rapid crop development across most of the Nation during August, with many crops approaching maturity well ahead of normal in the Great Plains, lower Mississippi Valley, and Corn Belt. However, crop development lagged in parts of the eastern Corn Belt and along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts due-to-cooler than normal temperatures. Hot, dry weather aided small grain harvest in the Corn Belt, Great Plains, and Pacific Northwest, but stressed maturing row crops, especially in Kansas and Nebraska. Excessive heat and moisture shortages also reduced crop conditions in the lower Mississippi Valley and Southeast, but rain periodically eased drought conditions along parts of the Atlantic Coastal Plains and Gulf Coast. Corn development remained ahead of last year's early pace and more than one week ahead of normal throughout the month due to above-normal temperatures in the Great Plains and western Corn Belt. Late-maturing fields entered the silking stage in the Great Plains and around the Great Lakes during the first week of the month, and by August 6, silking was 96 percent complete. Meanwhile, fields rapidly entered the dough stage across most of the Corn Belt, despite periods of cooler-than-normal weather east of the Mississippi River. As mid-month approached, fields rapidly entered the dough stage in the western Corn Belt and northern Great Plains, while denting accelerated in the southern Corn Belt. On August 13, one-fourth of the acreage was dented and 63 percent was at or beyond the dough stage. After mid-month, above-normal temperatures continued to promote rapid development in the western Corn Belt and Great Plains, while cooler-than-normal temperatures moderated progress in the eastern Corn Belt and Atlantic Coastal Plains. Development lagged around the Great Lakes throughout the month. When the month ended, about 90 percent of the acreage had reached the dough stage and two-thirds was dented. On September 3, more than one-fourth of the crop was mature and 4 percent was harvested. Conditions slowly deteriorated in the western Corn Belt and Great Plains as the month progressed due to excessive heat and increasing moisture shortages. Above-normal precipitation maintained conditions in parts of the southern and eastern Corn Belt, although severe weather caused isolated wind and hail damage. Soybeans also developed ahead of last year's early pace and more than one week ahead of the 5-year average. Fields rapidly entered the bloom stage in the lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys in early August and by mid-month, nearly all of the soybean acreage had reached the bloom stage. In the Corn Belt and Great Plains, fields rapidly entered the podding stage, despite periods of below-normal temperatures in the Dakota's and east of the Mississippi River. After mid-month, above-normal temperatures accelerated podding in the lower Missouri and Mississippi Valleys, but cool weather continued to limit progress in parts of the eastern Corn Belt and Atlantic Coastal Plains. By the end of the month, more than 95 percent of the acreage was setting pods. Triple-digit heat quickly ripened fields in the western Corn Belt and Mississippi Delta near the end of the month, while above-normal temperatures accelerated progress in the eastern Corn Belt. Development was most advanced in Louisiana and Mississippi, where 40 and 37 percent, respectively, was dropping leaves on August 27. Fields also ripened far ahead of normal in Kansas and Nebraska, but progress lagged behind normal in Michigan and North Dakota. On September 3, nearly one-fifth of the acreage was shedding leaves. Conditions steadily declined in the Great Plains, western Corn Belt, and lower Mississippi Valley due to hot, dry weather. Cooler weather and adequate precipitation limited deterioration around the Great Lakes and in parts of the southern and eastern Corn Belt. The winter wheat harvest advanced to 95 percent complete on August 6, about 1 week ahead of last year and the average for this date. Dry weather aided rapid progress in the northern Great Plains and Pacific Northwest, especially in Montana, where growers harvested nearly one-half of their crop during the first week of the month. The oat harvest progressed about 1 week ahead of last year and the 5-year average in the Corn Belt and Great Plains and was 95 percent complete on August 27. The harvest season ended near mid-month in Iowa, Nebraska, and Nebraska. The harvest pace remained active in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Pennsylvania during the second half of the month. Hot, dry weather quickly ripened spring wheat and barley fields and aided harvest progress in the upper Mississippi Valley, across the northern Great Plains, and into the Pacific Northwest. Harvest was very active in South Dakota early in the month, where growers harvested 50 percent of the spring wheat during the first week of the month. On August 27, the spring wheat harvest was complete in South Dakota, and the barley harvest neared completion in Minnesota. By September 3, spring wheat and barley were 88 and 92 percent harvested, respectively, about 1 week ahead of the 5-year average and more than 2 weeks ahead of last year's pace. Growers began planting the 2001 winter wheat crop near the end of the month, but the seeding pace was limited by severe topsoil moisture shortages. On September 3, 2 percent of the winter wheat was planted, slightly behind last year and the average for this date. The cotton crop developed at a normal pace most of the month. Warm weather accelerated development in Virginia early in the month, where about 50 percent of the crop began setting bolls during the first half of the month. Ninety-six percent of the crop was setting bolls by August 20. Hot weather began to ripen fields in the lower Mississippi Valley and Southwest early in the month and progress accelerated as mid-month approached. From August 7 to August 20, bolls began opening on 54 percent of the Louisiana acreage. After mid-month, cotton rapidly ripened in interior areas of the Mississippi Delta. Acreage with open bolls advanced 34 percentage points in Mississippi during the week ended August 20. During the week ended August 27, acreage with bolls opening rapidly progressed in Arkansas, Missouri, and Tennessee. Below-normal temperatures and excessive rainfall hindered development along the Atlantic Coastal Plains, especially after mid-month, as bolls opening remained well behind the 5-year average in North Carolina and Virginia. Fields matured ahead of normal in Arizona due to hot weather, while fields ripened behind normal in California due to slightly below-normal temperatures. Conditions deteriorated in the southern Great Plains, Mississippi Delta, and most of the Southeast due to extreme moisture shortages and excessive heat. In Alabama and Georgia, scattered late-month rains provided isolated, temporary drought relief. On September 3, harvest was 10 percent complete in Texas. The rice crop slowly headed in the interior Mississippi Delta States, despite warmer-than-normal temperatures during most of the month. Harvest progressed ahead of the 5-year average along the western Gulf Coast. On September 3, the rice harvest was 27 percent complete. The sorghum crop also developed ahead of normal during August. On September 3, 81 percent was turning color and 50 percent was mature, compared with the normal pace of 62 percent turning color and 30 percent mature. Excessive rain hindered peanut development along the Atlantic Coastal Plains, while severe drought restricted pegging in the Southeast. Corn for Grain: Acreage harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 73.1 million acres, unchanged from last month, but up 4 percent from 1999. The September 1 Corn Objective Yield data indicate a record level stalk count for the combined seven objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin). The September forecasted ears per acre are also the highest on record. Ear measurements from the sample plots indicate a length equal to last year and above the 5-year average. As of September 3, seventy-six percent of the acreage was reported dented in the 18 major corn-producing States. This compares with 75 percent last year and 59 percent for the five-year average. Corn rated in good to excellent condition totaled 66 percent compared to 59 percent for a year ago. Corn in most of the Corn Belt progressed ahead of the average pace and condition remained above the last year. The central and southern Plains were stressed by hot temperatures and dry conditions. Ideal weather in the Mid-Atlantic and northern Plains States improved corn yield prospects. Progress in the Great Lakes region was behind average but corn was in mostly good to excellent condition. In Iowa, forecasted stalk and ear populations are both at record levels when compared to final counts. Ear length is above the average (1995-99). Eighty-six percent of the corn was dented as of September 3, compared to 79 percent in 1999 and the 5-year average of 60 percent. Corn condition was rated 65 percent good to excellent. Forecasted stalk and ear counts are at a record high level for Illinois when compared to final levels. Ear length is above last year and the 5-year average. Eighty-three percent of the corn was dented compared with 79 percent last year and 63 percent for the five-year average. Seventy-eight percent of the corn was rated in good to excellent condition. In Indiana, ear counts are at record levels, while in Nebraska forecasted stalk and ear counts are at a record high. Ear length is below last year and the average in Nebraska, but above both last year and the average in Indiana. Corn dented in Indiana was at 88 percent, the same as last year and above the average of 59 percent. The majority (76 percent) of corn in Indiana was rated in good to excellent condition. Nebraska corn was 84 percent dented on September 3 compared with 68 percent in 1999 and the average of 56 percent. The Nebraska corn crop was rated 59 percent fair to good. Wisconsin stalk and ear counts are at the highest level on record. Ear length is below both last year and the average. Thirty-four percent of the crop was dented on September 3 compared with 62 percent in 1999 and the average of 44 percent. Condition of the Wisconsin corn crop was rated 75 percent good to excellent. Minnesota and Ohio stalk and ear counts from Objective Yield data indicate levels above last year and the average. Ear length in Minnesota is down from last year and equal to the 5-year average. Ohio ear length is above 1999 and equal to the average. Corn dented in Minnesota was 72 percent complete by September 3, equal to 1999 and ahead of the average of 57 percent. Ohio corn was 59 percent dented compared to 73 percent for last year and the average of 44 percent. Minnesota corn was rated 68 good to excellent while the Ohio crop was rated 74 percent good to excellent. Sorghum: The second production forecast for the 2000 crop year is 516 million bushels, down 11 percent from August and down 13 percent from 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, the sorghum yield is forecast at 62.1 bushels per acre, down 7.4 bushels from August and 7.6 bushels from 1999. Yield decreases from last month are expected in 9 of the top 11 producing States, mainly in the western regions. Illinois is the only State expecting a yield increase. Louisiana expects no change in yield from last month. The yield forecast for Kansas, the leading sorghum State, is down 16 bushels from last month's forecast. Yield forecasts for all the western States are down due to drought conditions and heat in the Southern Plains. Texas's forecast, at 62 bushels, is down only 1 bushel from last month due to an earlier harvest season. Illinois is forecasting a record yield of 104 bushels. Acreage expected to be harvested for grain in the U.S. in 2000, at 8.32 million acres, is unchanged from August, but 3 percent lower than the 1999 harvested grain acreage. Sorghum progressed to 50 percent mature on September 3, compared with the 5-year average of 30 percent. Warm weather is quickly ripening fields in the Mississippi Valley and Great Plains. As of the week ending September 3, thirty-three percent of the sorghum crop was rated good to excellent. This is 6 points lower than last month, and 21 points lower than a year earlier. This is due to moisture and heat stressed crops from South Dakota south into Texas. Barley: Production for 2000 is forecast at 310 million bushels, less than 1 percent higher than the August forecast and 10 percent above the 1999 production. Area harvested and to be harvested is unchanged from August, at 5.24 million acres but up 10 percent from the previous year. Yields are expected to average 59.2 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushels from last month and equal to last year's yield. Forecasted yields were unchanged from August in 10 of the 16 September forecast States. Compared to the August forecast, Minnesota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington are expecting higher yields, while Colorado and Wyoming are forecasting lower yields due to drought conditions. Dry weather aided harvest in the northern Great Plains States during August. As of September 3, ninety-two percent of the barley was harvested, ahead of the 76 percent 5-year average. Abundant moisture in the east is pushing forecasted yields for Virginia and Maryland to record highs. Durum Wheat: Area for harvest as grain is forecast at 3.99 million acres, unchanged from last month, but up 12 percent from last year. Hot, dry weather during the first half of August in North Dakota allowed harvest to progress ahead of average. However, the weather turned cool and wet during the latter half of the month which slowed harvest progress. As of September 3, forty-eight percent of the North Dakota crop was harvested, six points better than the 5-year average. North Dakota's Durum objective yield survey head count forecast is down slightly from last month, but still above average. Head weight is higher than a month ago, but still slightly below average. Other Spring Wheat: Harvested area for 2000 is still 15.1 million acres, up 2 percent from last year. As of September 3, harvest was 14 points ahead of average in the major producing States. The South Dakota harvest was complete. Growers in South Dakota now expect record high yields. Extremely poor dryland yields in southern Idaho have been offset by good dryland yields in northern Idaho and excellent irrigated yields throughout the State. Harvest progress has been slowed recently in Washington by scattered rainfall in the wheat producing areas. Objective Yield survey data shows plant populations at record high levels in Minnesota and North Dakota, and about average in Montana. Head weight forecasts are up from August in Minnesota and North Dakota; Montana's weight forecast remained below average. Rice: Production is forecast at 192 million cwt, down 3 percent from August 1 and 7 percent below the 1999 revised level. Area for harvest is expected to total 3.09 million acres, down 4 percent from August 1 and 12 percent below the revised 1999 level. Rice plantings, at 3.11 million acres, were reduced from last month by 120,000 acres. Acreage decreases occurred in Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Yields are expected to average 6,212 pounds per acre, up 346 pounds from the revised 1999 yield. If realized, this would be a record yield, 92 pounds above the previous record yield set in 1996 when the yield averaged 6,120 pounds per acre. This is also the third highest production following last year's record of 206 million cwt. The Arkansas harvest was slightly behind schedule, while Texas was 19 percent ahead of the 5-year average. Early harvest was underway in California. As of September 3, Arkansas crop conditon was rated 73 percent good to excellent. The Louisiana harvest was 83 percent complete and yields unchanged from August 1. The crop condition in Mississippi and Texas rated mostly good. Soybeans: Area expected for harvest, at a record 73.5 million acres, is unchanged from August and 1 percent above 1999 harvested acreage. As of September 3, fifty-five percent of the crop was rated good to excellent, 9 percentage points better than the same week in 1999, but 11 percentage points below the July 30 rating. At month's end, crop conditions had declined in much of the central Great Plains, western Corn Belt, and Delta region due to moisture shortages and excessive heat. Conditions in the eastern Corn Belt and Mid-Atlantic were more favorable during August as milder temperatures and frequent rains were more common. In the drier Southeast, the crop began to show some signs of improvement as much needed precipitation was finally received during August. In the twenty-one non-Objective Yield States that make yield forecasts in September, seven States reduced yields from August. The largest yield reduction in September was seen in Kansas, down 8 bushels, while the yield was lowered 4 bushels in Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Yields were also lowered 3 bushels in Louisiana and 1 bushel in North Dakota and Wisconsin. Yield increases were made in ten States. Most of the increases were made to States in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast region. The yield forecast was left unchanged in Alabama, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Texas. If realized, pod counts from the September Objective Yield survey will be the highest on record in Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Missouri, and Ohio. In Iowa and Nebraska, pod counts for September were lower than the 1999 final counts. Overall, crop maturity was running at a very accelerated pace. As of September 3, virtually all of the crop had set pods. The percent of soybeans dropping leaves, at 18 percent, was 7 percentage point ahead of the previous year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.75 billion pounds, down 1 percent from August 1 and 2 percent below last year's crop. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.47 million acres, unchanged from the August report, but up 2 percent from 1999. Yields are expected to average 2,561 pounds, 26 pounds below last month and down 106 pounds from 1999. Production in the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) is expected to total 1.76 billion pounds, down slightly from last month and 18 percent below last year's level. Yield in the four-State area are expected to average 2,213 pounds per acre, down 9 pounds from August 1 and 284 pounds below 1999. Yield prospects in Alabama and Georgia were unchanged from last month while Florida decreased 100 pounds. The yield forecast in South Carolina increased 100 pounds from last month. Early harvest was underway in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. As of September 3, the crop condition in the Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina was mostly fair to good while crop condition in Alabama was rated mostly very poor. The Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 600 million pounds, up 1 percent from August 1 and 16 percent above 1999. Yield is forecast at 3,000 pounds, 25 pounds above last month and up 415 pounds from last year. As of September 3, the Virginia-North Carolina peanut crop was rated in mostly good condition. Southwest crop production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 1.39 billion pounds, down 3 percent from last month, but up 18 percent from 1999. Yields are expected to average 2,962 pounds, 130 pounds below 1999. Early harvest was underway in Texas. The crop condition in Texas was rated mostly good while the crop in Oklahoma was rated mostly poor. Cotton: Upland cotton harvested acreage, at 13.9 million acres, is 6 percent above 1999. Arkansas increased 30,000 acres from August 1, while Louisiana and Mississippi decreased 30,000 and 60,000 acres, respectively, from their August 1 levels. Condition of the cotton crop has deteriorated since last month, especially in the Delta and Southwest regions. Continued drought and extremely high temperatures have resulted in additional stress to the crop. In the 13 States which lay out objective yield plots, eight States reduced yields from August, one State increased yield, and four States remained unchanged. American-Pima harvested acreage, at 176,000 acres, is down 5,000 acres from last month. In the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia), rainfall was received during August in many areas. However, due to continuing hot, dry conditions, the soil moisture evaporated quickly. Some boll rot was reported due to the rainfall on open bolls. However, overall condition of the crop remains similar to the August 1 report. On September 3, Georgia rated 68 percent of it's cotton acreage as fair to excellent, compared to 65 percent on July 30. North Carolina and Virginia rated 96 percent and 99 percent, respectively, in the fair to excellent categories on September 1. This compares to 98 percent fair to excellent for North Carolina on July 30 and 100 percent fair to excellent for Virginia on July 30. South Carolina rated 88 percent of it's crop in the fair to excellent categories, 1 point above a month earlier. Alabama rated 54 percent of it's cotton as fair to excellent on September 3, nineteen points above the rating on July 30. The increase in rating is due in part on the decision to abandon some very poor fields. In North Carolina and Virginia, moderate temperatures have hindered development of the crop. As of September 3, North Carolina reported 18 percent of it's acreage having open bolls, compared to 26 percent for the 5-year average. Virginia reported only 14 percent of it's acreage with bolls opening on this date, 29 points behind the 5-year average of 43 percent. Upland growers in the Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) experienced extreme moisture shortages and near record high temperatures during the month of August. These conditions resulted in rapid development and deterioration of the crop. On September 3, Louisiana rated 52 percent of it's cotton acreage in fair to excellent condition, 30 points below the rating on July 30. Similarly, Mississippi rated 63 percent fair to excellent, 23 points below last month's rating. Arkansas, Missouri, and Tennessee's ratings ranged from 5 to 14 points below the July 30 level. While conditions deteriorated, development accelerated. On September 3, Arkansas reported 59 percent of it's acreage having open bolls, compared to 39 percent for the 5-year average. Louisiana had bolls open on 92 percent of it's cotton acreage, compared to 70 percent on average. Mississippi had 85 percent of it's acreage showing bolls open, 18 points ahead of average. Bolls opening in Tennessee and Missouri were 27 and 13 points, respectively, ahead of average on September 3. Objective yield data show total fruit count in Arkansas to be the seventh lowest in the past 10 years. Louisiana and Mississippi's total fruit count rank eighth and tenth, respectively, since 1991. Producers in the Southwestern States (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) continue to battle extremely dry, hot weather. Early maturity in dryland cotton was being reached across the Plains. As of September 3, forty-two percent of Texas' upland cotton acreage had bolls opening. This is 10 points ahead of the 5-year average. Oklahoma acreage was 15 points ahead of average, with 29 percent having open bolls. Some marginal fields are being abandoned because the cost to fight insects is not economical. Extremely hot temperatures and high winds depleted soil moisture and led to deteriorating condition ratings. Irrigated crops were also under stress in some areas of the Plains due to available water being exhausted at a rapid rate. As of September 3, Oklahoma rated 70 percent of the cotton acreage as fair to excellent condition, compared to 99 percent on August 30. Texas rated 62 percent of it's acreage in these categories, 21 points below the August 30 rating. Data from the objective yield survey show Texas' large boll counts rank sixth since 1991. Upland cotton in California and Arizona is progressing slightly ahead of the 5-year average. On September 3, California reported that 35 percent of the upland cotton had bolls opening, compared to 32 percent on average. Arizona reported 74 percent of their upland cotton had open bolls by September 3, two points ahead of the 5-year average. Above average temperatures during August resulted in ideal conditions for cotton development. Irrigation alleviated any concerns associated with dry spells which accompanied the hot temperatures. However, a few fields did experience a minimal amount of squares being dropped. Mild temperatures during the last week of August slowed the development of a few fields of cotton in California, but led to improved conditions in these fields. On September 3, California rated 100 percent of their upland acreage as fair to excellent. Arizona rated 97 percent of their acreage as fair to excellent. Both States ratings are unchanged from last month. Data from the objective yield plots indicate California's count of large bolls rank sixth since 1991. American-Pima production is forecast at 411,100 bales, down 39 percent from last year's output, and down 8,000 bales from August. The U.S. yield is forecast at 1,121 pounds per harvested acre, down 7 pounds from 1999. California's production is down 10,000 bales from the August forecast, as a reduction in harvested acreage more than offset a slight increase in yield. The crop has progressed well in California, despite cool weather during late August. Good boll retention has been reported for this year's crop. Texas increased production 2,000 bales from the August 1 forecast, while New Mexico and Arizona production remained unchanged. Ginnings totaled 841,900 running bales prior to September 1, compared with 561,000 running bales ginned prior to the same date last year and 523,000 running bales in 1998. Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 2000 is forecast at 1.09 billion pounds, down 15 percent from 1999, but 2 percent above the August 1 forecast. If realized, this will be the smallest crop since 1934. Revised area for harvest in 2000 is forecast at 492,240 acres, down 24 percent from 1999. Yields for 2000 are expected to average 2,220 pounds per acre, 223 pounds higher that a year ago, and 51 pounds higher than the August 1 forecast. Yield prospects in North Carolina, the leading flue-cured State, are averaging higher than last year. Kentucky, the leading burley State, also expects yields to average above a year ago. Tobacco growers in Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, Ohio, and Pennsylvania expect lower yields than a month ago. However, growers in Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia expect improved yields compared to last month. The largest change from last month and last year, was a significant drop in yield and acreage in the Connecticut Valley Broadleaf and Shade-grown due to "brown spot" and "hollow stem." Flue-cured (types 11 - 14) production is expected to total 597 million pounds, up 2 percent from last month but down 9 percent from 1999. Growers plan to harvest 253,900 acres in 2000, 16 percent below last year. Yield is expected to average 2,352 pounds per acre, 190 pounds higher than the previous year. Fire-cured (types 21 - 23) production is expected to total 46.6 million pounds, up 2 percent from last month and 22 percent above the 1999 season. Growers plan to harvest 17,630 acres in 2000, 7 percent above a year ago. The expected average yield is 2,644 pounds per acre, 325 pounds higher than the previous year. Burley production (type 31) is expected to total 412 million pounds, 3 percent above the August 1 forecast but 26 percent below a year ago. Yield is expected to average 2,048 pounds per acre, up 219 pounds from 1999. Burley growers plan to harvest 201,000 acres, 34 percent below a year ago. Kentucky's production, at 256 million pounds, is expected to be 33 percent below last year. Southern Maryland Belt (type 32) tobacco production is expected to total 14.6 million pounds, up 1 percent from the previous year. Average yield is expected to increase 163 pounds. A total of 8,700 acres is expected to be harvested this year, down 8 percent from 1999. Dark Air-cured (types 35 - 37) production is expected to total 13.2 million pounds, up 12 percent from 1999. Growers plan to harvest 5,460 acres in 2000, 7 percent more than last year. Yields are expected to average 2,418 pounds per acre, 105 pounds above last year. All Cigar (types 41 - 61) production is expected to total 9.76 million pounds, down 41 percent from last year. Overall yield is expected to average 1,758 per acre, down 134 pounds from 1999. Growers of all types of Cigar Type tobacco plan to harvest 5,550 acres, 36 percent below a year ago. Compared to last month, expected production of Connecticut Valley Broadleaf tobacco type declined 3,071,000 pounds to 778,000 pounds because of "brown spot" and "hollow stem" that resulted from the season's unusually cool and wet conditions. Growers now plan to harvest 800 acres in 2000, 68 percent below last year. Yields are expected to average 973 pounds per acre, 695 pounds below last year. Summer Potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 18.5 million cwt in 2000, with harvest coming from 62,300 acres and an average yield of 297 cwt per acre. Comparable totals may be calculated by adding last year's Alabama spring estimates with summer and subtracting out Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and North Carolina's crops from the summer totals. On a comparable basis, summer production is up 1 percent from last year while acreage for harvest is up less than 1 percent. Average yield per acre is expected to be up 3 cwt. Smaller potato crops are seen in New Mexico, down 16 percent; Alabama, down 13 percent; Missouri, down 8 percent; and California, down 4 percent. Production is up 20 percent in Virginia, up14 percent in Delaware, and up 2 percent in New Jersey. Maryland potato production is equal to last year. Illinois output swelled 10 percent, Colorado is up 9 percent, and Texas gained slightly. Kansas will add nearly a million cwt of potatoes to the summer mix. Harvest was delayed by wet weather along the mid Atlantic coast, particularly in Delaware, Maryland, and New Jersey. Virginia growers were nearly finished when rain came in late August. Dry weather in Alabama reduced production throughout the State. Harvest is over in Missouri with good yields reported. Hot, dry weather was reported in Colorado through New Mexico but irrigation abated damage. Heavy rain in California was blamed for damage to late fields. Fall Potatoes, 1999 Final: Production of 1999 fall potatoes is finalized at 430 million cwt, down 1 percent from a year earlier but 2 percent above the 1997 output. The 1999 crop was the third largest fall production on record, behind the 1996 and 1998 seasons. Farmers harvested 1.17 million acres in 1999, down 4 percent from a year earlier and 2 percent short of 1997. The average yield was a record high 369 cwt per acre, up 13 cwt from 1998 and 12 cwt above the previous record in 1997. There were no revisions from the annual estimate made last January. All Potatoes, 1999 Final: Production of potatoes from all four seasons in 1999 totaled 478 million cwt, up 1 percent from a year earlier, and 2 percent above 1997. Area harvested was estimated at 1.33 million acres, down 4 percent from 1998 and 2 percent below 1997. The yield, averaging a record high 359 cwt per acre was up 16 cwt from a year ago and was 14 cwt above two years ago. In 1999, winter production jumped 37 percent, spring gained 20 percent, summer inched up slightly, but fall potatoes slipped 1 percent from the previous year. Sugarcane: Production is forecast at a record high 36.7 million tons, 4 percent above the previous record of 35.3 million tons set last year. Sugarcane growers intend to harvest a record high 1.03 million acres for sugar and seed during the 2000 crop year, 3 percent more than last year's final harvested acres. Louisiana growers expect to harvest a record high 490,000 acres. In Florida, harvested acres are expected to exceed the previous forecast, but will remain below last year's level. Yield is forecast at 35.7 tons per acre, 0.2 ton above 1999. Rain boosted crop conditions in Florida during August, but drought intensified and reduced yield prospects in Louisiana. Moisture shortages also limited crop growth in Texas. Moisture shortages in Hawaii were partially alleviated by timely precipitation. Sugarbeets: Production is forecast at 34.3 million tons from just over 1.5 million acres. The yield is forecast at 22.8 tons per acre, 0.9 tons above 1999. This production forecast does not reflect expected reductions due to the government PIK program announced in July. Acreage and production adjustments due to the program will not be known until all bids are reviewed and either accepted or rejected. Yields are expected to equal the previous record in Minnesota and moisture supplies remain favorable for the North Dakota crop. Crop conditions were maintained by irrigation in the High Plains and northern Rocky Mountains in spite of hot weather. Mild weather continued to boost yield prospects in California and Michigan, although some fields were treated for diseases. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 4.04 million pounds for August. Although fresh output is 14 percent below last month, it is 22 percent more than August 1999. The lower output compared to July is the result of reduced acreage and dry conditions earlier in the year in unirrigated orchards. Crop area totaled 2,340 acres, 8 percent lower than July and 33 percent below a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 1,375 acres, is 10 percent below last month and 32 percent below August 1999. August weather conditions were variable with a mix of sunshine and showers over major papaya producing areas. Soil moisture in unirrigated orchards has been adequate. Florida Citrus: Most of Florida's citrus belt received adequate rainfall during August, however some growers on the ridge and upper interior irrigated regularly during the month as those areas did not receive sufficient rains. All citrus growing areas need additional precipitation to replenish the lakes, ponds, and streams that were depleted during the winter and spring drought. There is an abundance of new growth on trees of all ages as a result of the near tropical weather conditions. New crop fruit continues to make good progress with very little late or off bloom fruit. Several fresh fruit packinghouses have representatives in groves testing early bloom fruit that may be close to passing maturity tests for the start of the 2000-01 season. There are still several small fresh squeeze juice operations running late bloom oranges and grapefruit from the previous season. Caretakers have been mowing, chopping, and discing cover crops. Growers are spraying pesticides and fertilizing. Dead tree removal and grove debris burning continue in all areas. California Citrus: New crop Navel oranges continue to mature. Large fruit sizes are evident. The Valencia orange harvest was slowed due to normal summer competition from other fruit in the marketplace. Lemon picking was active in the south coast area. Good quality was reported. Grapefruit harvest continued. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Fruit crop harvesting was active during August in many areas of the State. Harvest of grapes for fresh use gained momentum in the San Joaquin Valley. Varieties picked included Red Globe, Flame Seedless, Thompson Seedless, and Fantasy. The wine grape harvest began in August. Cooler nights have enhanced color in red varieties. Grapes for raisins were laid down on trays during August. Grape growers were also treating vineyards for mildew and leafhoppers. The grassy-winged sharpshooter remains a concern to growers. Gala and Granny Smith apple harvests were active. Picking of freestone peaches, nectarines, and plums was also active and prune harvest was underway. Bartlett pear harvesting was virtually complete by September 1 in the Lake and Medocino areas. Asian pear harvest was active in the San Joaquin Valley. Picking of Clingstone peaches continued throughout August. Quality was good but with small sizes. Almonds were treated for mites and navel orangeworm. Harvest of almonds gained momentum by late August. Walnuts were treated for blight and codling moth as harvest began. Strawberry harvest remained active in the central coast areas. Hazelnuts: Hazelnut production in Oregon and Washington is forecast to be 25,000 tons for 2000. This would be 37 percent less than last year's revised crop but 61 percent more than 1998's production. Oregon's share of production is expected to be 24,800 tons with Washington making up the difference of 200 tons. The decrease is largely due to the alternate bearing cycle when a smaller crop follows a year with a larger crop. Mild weather since January has been favorable for crop development. Crop progress is somewhat ahead of normal. Eastern Filbert Blight continues to limit potential production in infested orchards. The results of the hazelnut objective yield survey showed the number of nuts picked per tree was down 49 percent from last year but up 42 percent from 1998. The percentage of good nuts was up four percentage points from 1999 and one percentage point from 1998. The average dry weight of the good nuts was 0.20 grams heavier than last year but 0.14 grams lighter than in 1998. The average size was 18 percent larger than in 1999. Brown stained nuts amounted to just 0.3 percent of the sample, the lowest percentage since tracking of that statistic began in 1984. Walnuts: The 2000 California walnut production is forecast at 245,000 tons, down 13 percent from the 1999 production of 283,000 tons. The September forecast is based upon the Walnut Objective Measurement Survey conducted August 1 through August 23, 2000. Hot weather in August may have lowered quality. Harvest is just beginning. Survey data indicated an average nut set of 1,483, down 13 percent from last year's average of 1,709. The Hartley nut set was down 16 percent; Serr, down 10 percent; Franquette, down 33 percent; and Chandler, down 21 percent from 1999. Percent of sound kernels in-shell was 96.9 percent statewide. In-shell weight per nut was 21.2 grams, while the average in-shell suture measurement was 32.2 millimeters. The average length in-shell was 38.2 millimeters. Pistachios: The U.S. pistachio crop is expected to total 208 million pounds. Beginning with the 2000 crop, Arizona will join California in the estimating program. California pistachio production is forecast at a record high 205 million pounds, 67 percent above last year's production. Arizona's crop is forecast at 2.60 million pounds. Harvest began up to two weeks early this year due to above average temperatures. The California forecast is based upon an objective measurement survey completed August 25, 2000. The estimated average number of clusters per tree was 992, up 68 percent from the previous year. The estimated total number of filled nuts per tree was 9,321 as compared with 4,630 in 1999. The average number of nuts per cluster was 13, including both filled and blank. The percent of nuts filled was 72.2 percent. The average in-hull weight per nut including blanks was 2.57 grams, compared to 2.82 grams last year. The in-hull cross suture measurement was 14.86 millimeters, compared to 15.29 millimeters in 1999. Average kernel weight in 2000 was 0.870 grams. The average kernel suture was 10.01 millimeters, average cross suture 9.33 millimeters, and kernel length was 16.25 millimeters. Olives: The 2000 olive crop is forecast at 75,000 tons, down 6 percent from the August 1 forecast and 48 percent below the 1999 production of 145,000 tons. A heavy bloom occurred with the warm, mild spring weather. However, rains in the northern producing areas were detrimental to fruit set. Growers expect the yield of the Manzanillo variety to decrease 51 percent from last year. Manzanillos account for about 74 percent of the total production. Growers expect the yield of Sevillano and Ascolano varieties, which account for about a fifth of the total production, to decrease by 59 percent and 45 percent, respectively. Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecast Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 25 and September 3 to gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for wheat, corn, soybeans, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The items counted within the selected plots depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of heads, ears, pods, or bolls and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The five-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 15,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported survey estimates were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous month and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analysis to prepare the published September 1 forecast. Revision Policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. At the end of the marketing year administrative records and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover stocks, production, exports, processing, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if data relationships warrant changes. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last estimate. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage deviations for the 1980-1999 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 5.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.0 percent. Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 280 million bushels, ranging from 10 million to 891 million bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been below or above the final estimate is about equally distributed. Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Root Mean : 20-Year Record of : : Square Error : Differences Between Forecast : :------------------: and Final Estimate : : : :------------------------------------ Crop :Unit : : 90 : Quantity : Years : :Percent: Percent :------------------------------------ : : :Confidence: : : :Below:Above : : : Interval :Average:Smallest:Largest:Final:Final -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------ Million ------ Number : : Corn For Grain :Bu : 5.2 9.0 280 10 891 12 8 Sorghum for Grain :Bu : 5.9 10.2 25 1 105 11 9 Barley :Bu : 3.6 6.5 11 0 38 6 14 Durum Wheat :Bu : 6.2 10.7 5 0 12 9 11 Other Spring :Bu : 3.7 6.3 14 1 62 9 11 Rice :Cwt : 4.1 7.1 5 0 16 14 6 Soybeans for Beans:Bu : 5.1 8.8 96 19 199 9 11 Cotton 1/ :Bales: 6.0 10.5 701 5 2,366 10 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quantity is in thousands of bales. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4488 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. on October 12, 2000. 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