Cr Pr 2-2 (5-01) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released May 10, 2001, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 14 Percent Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.34 billion bushels, down 14 percent from 2000 to the lowest level since 1978. All classes of winter wheat are down from the previous year. Based on May 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 41.8 bushels per acre, 2.8 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals 32.1 million acres, down 8 percent from last season. The U.S. all orange May 1 forecast for the 2000-01 crop is 12.4 million tons, unchanged from the April 1 forecast and 5 percent below last season's utilization of 13.0 million tons. Florida's all orange forecast is 224 million boxes (10.1 million tons), the same as last month but 4 percent lower than the 1999-2000 final utilization. The early and midseason orange forecast remains unchanged from the previous forecast of 128 million boxes (5.76 million tons). This is 4 percent below last season. Harvest is complete. Florida's Valencia forecast, at 96.0 million boxes (4.32 million tons), is unchanged from April 1 but 3 percent lower than last season's final utilization. Fruit size and droppage continue to increase, but droppage remains very low compared to the 10-year average. Some fruit is beginning to deteriorate from the dry weather conditions. Approximately half of the Valencia crop has been harvested to date. Other than last season, this is the lowest percent harvest to date since the 1993-94 season. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried forward from the April forecasts. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield projection is unchanged from last month at 1.58 gallons per box of 42.0 degrees Brix. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.54 gallons per box as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The late type Valencia yield projection remains at 1.65 gallons per box. This report was approved on May 10, 2001. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Keith J. Collins Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Frederic A. Vogel Contents Page Almonds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Avocados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Bananas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Cotton - Boll Counts and Harvesting Loss . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Guavas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Hay Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Peaches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Potatoes, Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Reliability of Production Data in this Report. . . . . . . . . .35 Taro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Tobacco by Class and Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Tobacco by States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Tobacco - Farm Marketings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, by Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, Winter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Planted : Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 Acres ------- --- Bushels -- --- 1,000 Bushels -- : AR : 1,150 1,100 1,040 54.0 53.0 59,400 55,120 CA : 500 350 380 70.0 75.0 24,500 28,500 CO : 2,400 2,350 2,050 29.0 34.0 68,150 69,700 DE : 60 63 58 66.0 59.0 4,158 3,422 GA : 300 200 220 54.0 48.0 10,800 10,560 ID : 760 730 710 90.0 80.0 65,700 56,800 IL : 800 920 770 57.0 54.0 52,440 41,580 IN : 500 510 480 69.0 66.0 35,190 31,680 KS : 9,900 9,400 8,400 37.0 34.0 347,800 285,600 KY : 550 420 340 57.0 58.0 23,940 19,720 MD : 190 200 180 63.0 59.0 12,600 10,620 MI : 570 500 540 72.0 70.0 36,000 37,800 MS : 205 235 170 55.0 48.0 12,925 8,160 MO : 900 950 780 52.0 50.0 49,400 39,000 MT : 1,200 1,350 1,090 33.0 34.0 44,550 37,060 NE : 1,800 1,650 1,700 36.0 36.0 59,400 61,200 NY : 125 140 120 53.0 55.0 7,420 6,600 NC : 680 550 550 50.0 45.0 27,500 24,750 OH : 1,000 1,110 990 72.0 70.0 79,920 69,300 OK : 5,400 4,200 3,600 34.0 27.0 142,800 97,200 OR : 750 730 690 62.0 54.0 45,260 37,260 PA : 170 195 160 53.0 53.0 10,335 8,480 SC : 230 185 220 49.0 40.0 9,065 8,800 SD : 1,300 1,280 550 42.0 33.0 53,760 18,150 TN : 520 380 350 55.0 55.0 20,900 19,250 TX : 5,700 2,200 2,900 30.0 30.0 66,000 87,000 VA : 200 205 175 63.0 62.0 12,915 10,850 WA : 1,850 1,800 1,750 73.0 63.0 131,400 110,250 WY : 170 170 160 24.0 29.0 4,080 4,640 : Oth : Sts 1/: 1,456 949 965 46.8 43.9 44,425 42,329 : US : 41,336 35,022 32,088 44.6 41.8 1,562,733 1,341,381 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2001 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Bushels -- ------ 1,000 Bushels ------ : AZ : 85 80 95.0 91.0 7,275 8,075 7,280 CA : 97 81 100.0 100.0 8,925 9,700 8,100 MT : 470 28.0 9,450 13,160 ND : 2,900 27.0 72,000 78,300 : Oth : Sts 2/: 20 28.5 1,672 570 : US : 3,572 30.7 99,322 109,805 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 29, 2001. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 11, 2001. 2/ Other States include MN and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2001 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1999 :1,050,747 454,261 191,572 447,908 55,200 99,322 2,299,010 2000 : 843,664 470,866 248,203 498,485 52,417 109,805 2,223,440 2001 : 718,100 409,964 213,317 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 11, 2001. Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States, December 1 and May 1, 1998-2001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 1 : May 1 State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 1,213 1,472 1,000 141 202 100 AZ : 177 184 202 28 27 33 AR : 1,900 1,900 2,150 260 500 270 CA : 3,246 2,285 1,954 428 381 180 CO : 2,807 2,900 1,770 966 690 286 CT : 77 47 82 13 8 21 DE : 18 15 29 8 6 4 FL : 357 550 450 27 80 25 GA : 1,000 1,245 950 209 240 190 ID : 3,329 2,617 2,400 777 257 265 IL : 2,100 1,600 1,700 543 410 340 IN : 1,775 1,316 1,629 350 290 342 IA : 4,500 4,700 4,500 1,050 1,150 700 KS : 6,500 5,800 4,500 1,525 1,400 500 KY : 4,922 4,006 5,192 913 577 1,439 LA : 290 502 415 58 91 30 ME : 196 138 145 56 23 40 MD : 333 300 525 76 65 61 MA : 101 84 108 40 17 30 MI : 2,093 2,110 2,800 556 1,170 1,000 MN : 5,261 5,490 4,446 1,493 1,570 960 MS : 1,500 1,350 850 200 135 45 MO : 6,933 5,997 5,392 1,387 1,445 799 MT : 4,568 4,448 3,168 1,104 1,011 427 NE : 5,170 4,900 3,500 1,306 1,500 500 NV : 857 867 801 233 290 112 NH : 72 65 66 17 11 14 NJ : 121 109 156 15 28 47 NM : 450 595 600 170 185 75 NY : 1,990 1,900 2,280 435 385 625 NC : 1,189 1,090 1,300 163 255 277 ND : 4,064 5,291 5,212 545 1,430 1,120 OH : 2,558 1,830 3,119 581 430 835 OK : 3,042 4,200 3,700 507 1,000 450 OR : 2,159 2,245 1,766 135 128 241 PA : 2,800 1,700 2,800 730 440 1,200 RI : 12 8 11 2 1 2 SC : 415 410 470 96 88 100 SD : 9,500 9,500 8,200 2,000 3,100 1,550 TN : 3,175 2,655 3,405 635 607 804 TX : 5,496 6,568 6,660 1,450 2,627 1,450 UT : 1,695 1,540 1,350 485 320 200 VT : 328 229 280 116 60 70 VA : 1,693 1,883 2,900 417 257 745 WA : 1,663 1,377 1,303 410 165 195 WV : 949 524 1,144 150 40 276 WI : 5,100 5,900 4,800 1,400 3,000 1,980 WY : 2,372 2,480 1,550 611 725 151 : US : 112,066 108,922 103,730 24,817 28,817 21,106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1998-1999, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 2000-01 : 1998-99 : 1999-00 : 2000-01 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------ Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 550 600 450 21 22 17 CA 4/ : 21,000 40,000 34,000 787 1,500 1,275 FL : 112,000 134,000 128,000 5,040 6,030 5,760 TX 4/ : 1,250 1,540 2,000 53 66 85 US : 134,800 176,140 164,450 5,901 7,618 7,137 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 600 500 550 22 19 21 CA 4/ : 15,000 24,000 23,000 563 900 863 FL : 74,000 99,000 96,000 3,330 4,455 4,320 TX 4/ : 180 200 210 8 8 9 US : 89,780 123,700 119,760 3,923 5,382 5,213 All : AZ 4/ : 1,150 1,100 1,000 43 41 38 CA 4/ : 36,000 64,000 57,000 1,350 2,400 2,138 FL : 186,000 233,000 224,000 8,370 10,485 10,080 TX 4/ : 1,430 1,740 2,210 61 74 94 US : 224,580 299,840 284,210 9,824 13,000 12,350 Temples : FL : 1,800 1,950 1,250 81 88 56 Grapefruit : White Seedless 5/ : FL : 17,800 20,900 20,000 757 888 850 Colored Seedless : FL : 28,700 31,900 29,000 1,220 1,356 1,233 Other 5/ : FL : 550 600 23 25 All : AZ 4/ : 750 450 650 25 15 22 CA 4/ : 7,300 7,000 7,200 244 235 241 FL : 47,050 53,400 49,000 2,000 2,269 2,083 TX 4/ : 6,100 5,930 6,700 244 237 268 US : 61,200 66,780 63,550 2,513 2,756 2,614 Tangerines : AZ 4/ 6/ : 950 850 650 36 32 24 CA 4/ 6/ : 1,500 2,300 2,600 56 86 98 FL : 4,950 7,000 5,600 235 333 266 US : 7,400 10,150 8,850 327 451 388 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 3,450 3,100 3,200 131 118 122 CA : 16,200 19,600 22,000 616 745 836 US : 19,650 22,700 25,200 747 863 958 Tangelos : FL : 2,550 2,200 2,100 115 99 95 K-Early Citrus : FL : 80 110 40 4 5 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5/ "Other" seedy grapefruit estimates discontinued after 1999-2000 crop. Included with white seedless beginning with the 2000-01 crop. 6/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ---- Cwt --- -------- 1,000 Cwt ------- : AL 2/ : 280 AZ : 9.0 8.5 280 270 3,024 2,520 2,295 CA : 18.8 15.5 395 390 7,600 7,426 6,045 FL : 21.5 22.0 295 270 8,820 6,343 5,940 Hastings : 16.5 16.5 295 270 6,930 4,868 4,455 Other FL : 5.0 5.5 295 270 1,890 1,475 1,485 NC 3/ : 17.0 17.5 200 180 3,300 3,400 3,150 TX : 9.3 9.0 240 230 2,303 2,232 2,070 : US : 75.6 72.5 290 269 25,327 21,921 19,500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ U.S. planted area revised down 2,000 acres to 74,100 acres; Arizona revised down 500 acres to 8,500 acres; California revised down 1,500 acres to 15,500 acres. 2/ Alabama spring potatoes combined with summer in 2000. 3/ North Carolina summer potatoes included with spring in 2000. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : Freestone : 763.0 801.0 770.0 : Clingstone 1/ : 1,059.0 1,064.0 1,000.0 : Total : 1,822.0 1,865.0 1,770.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production, California, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds : CA : 833,000 703,000 875,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 1999-2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ------ ---- Pounds --- ----- 1,000 Pounds ---- : CT : 3,040 1,600 1,799 1,531 5,470 2,450 FL : 5,800 4,500 2,640 2,550 15,312 11,475 GA : 33,000 31,000 1,940 2,220 64,020 68,820 IN : 6,500 3,800 1,800 2,100 11,700 7,980 KY : 221,650 132,700 1,843 2,133 408,492 283,065 MD : 6,500 5,700 1,400 1,450 9,100 8,265 MA : 1,320 550 1,763 836 2,327 460 MO : 2,300 1,400 2,015 2,120 4,635 2,968 NC : 207,800 170,400 2,161 2,386 448,980 406,500 OH : 9,800 7,500 1,740 1,760 17,052 13,200 PA : 6,200 5,100 1,802 1,994 11,170 10,170 SC : 39,000 34,000 2,000 2,390 78,000 81,260 TN : 63,170 46,020 1,941 2,085 122,601 95,958 VA : 38,300 25,900 2,320 2,186 88,855 56,613 WV : 1,600 1,300 1,350 1,200 2,160 1,560 WI : 1,180 960 2,388 2,348 2,818 2,254 : US : 647,160 472,430 1,997 2,229 1,292,692 1,052,998 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price : Value of : per Pound : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Dollars ------- ------ 1,000 Dollars ------ : CT 2/ : 4.500 4.900 11,363 4,410 FL : 1.730 1.730 26,490 19,852 GA : 1.685 1.746 107,874 120,160 IN : 1.890 1.937 22,113 15,457 KY : 1.920 1.983 784,498 561,388 MD : 1.660 1.690 15,106 13,968 MA 2/ : 5.100 5.000 8,384 850 MO : 1.879 1.854 8,709 5,503 NC : 1.754 1.803 787,381 733,076 OH : 1.912 1.928 32,603 25,450 PA 3/ : 1.065 0.900 11,896 4,617 SC : 1.691 1.766 131,898 143,505 TN : 1.955 2.014 239,651 193,288 VA : 1.801 1.894 160,036 107,237 WV : 1.900 1.901 4,104 2,966 WI : 1.490 1.550 4,198 3,494 : US : 1.828 1.869 2,356,304 1,955,221 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2000 revised. 2/ CT and MA type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include type 51 only. 3/ PA type 41 price and value for 2000 not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include type 32 only. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999 - 2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 55,000 40,000 2,400 2,500 132,000 100,000 VA : 26,000 17,500 2,420 2,440 62,920 42,700 US : 81,000 57,500 2,406 2,482 194,920 142,700 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 119,000 102,000 2,100 2,405 249,900 245,310 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 26,000 21,000 2,100 2,350 54,600 49,350 SC : 39,000 34,000 2,000 2,390 78,000 81,260 US : 65,000 55,000 2,040 2,375 132,600 130,610 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 5,800 4,500 2,640 2,550 15,312 11,475 GA : 33,000 31,000 1,940 2,220 64,020 68,820 US : 38,800 35,500 2,045 2,262 79,332 80,295 Total 11-14 : 303,800 250,000 2,162 2,396 656,752 598,915 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1,600 1,300 1,670 1,960 2,672 2,548 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 3,750 4,100 2,350 3,150 8,813 12,915 TN : 7,000 7,700 2,280 2,760 15,960 21,252 US : 10,750 11,800 2,304 2,896 24,773 34,167 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 3,500 3,800 2,630 3,400 9,205 12,920 TN : 570 640 2,500 3,125 1,425 2,000 US : 4,070 4,440 2,612 3,360 10,630 14,920 Total 21-23 : 16,420 17,540 2,319 2,944 38,075 51,635 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 6,500 3,800 1,800 2,100 11,700 7,980 KY : 210,000 120,000 1,810 2,025 380,100 243,000 MO : 2,300 1,400 2,015 2,120 4,635 2,968 NC : 7,800 7,400 1,600 1,600 12,480 11,840 OH : 9,800 7,500 1,740 1,760 17,052 13,200 TN : 55,000 37,000 1,890 1,920 103,950 71,040 VA : 10,600 7,000 2,180 1,600 23,108 11,200 WV : 1,600 1,300 1,350 1,200 2,160 1,560 US : 303,600 185,400 1,829 1,957 555,185 362,788 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 6,500 5,700 1,400 1,450 9,100 8,265 PA : 3,000 2,700 1,750 1,900 5,250 5,130 US : 9,500 8,400 1,511 1,595 14,350 13,395 Total 31-32 : 313,100 193,800 1,819 1,941 569,535 376,183 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999-2000 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per : Value of : Pound : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Dollars ----- ----- 1,000 Dollars ---- : Class 1, Flue-cured : Type 11, Old Belts : NC : 1.760 1.817 232,320 181,700 VA : 1.766 1.889 111,117 80,660 US : 1.762 1.839 343,437 262,360 Type 12, Eastern NC : Belt : NC : 1.750 1.795 437,325 440,331 Type 13, NC Border & : SC Belt : NC : 1.720 1.778 93,912 87,744 SC : 1.691 1.766 131,898 143,505 US : 1.703 1.771 225,810 231,249 Type 14, GA-FL Belt : FL : 1.730 1.730 26,490 19,852 GA : 1.685 1.746 107,874 120,160 US : 1.694 1.744 134,364 140,012 Total 11-14 : 1.737 1.793 1,140,936 1,073,952 Class 2, Fire-cured : Type 21, VA Belt : VA : 1.819 1.637 4,860 4,171 Type 22, Eastern : District : KY : 2.312 2.201 20,376 28,426 TN : 2.314 2.197 36,931 46,691 US : 2.313 2.199 57,307 75,117 Type 23, Western : District : KY : 2.260 2.082 20,803 26,899 TN : 2.271 2.086 3,236 4,172 US : 2.261 2.083 24,039 31,071 Total 21-23 : 2.264 2.137 86,206 110,359 Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3A, Light : Air-cured : Type 31, Burley : IN : 1.890 1.937 22,113 15,457 KY : 1.900 1.968 722,190 478,224 MO : 1.879 1.854 8,709 5,503 NC : 1.909 1.968 23,824 23,301 OH : 1.912 1.928 32,603 25,450 TN : 1.894 1.957 196,881 139,025 VA : 1.896 1.974 43,813 22,109 WV : 1.900 1.901 4,104 2,966 US : 1.899 1.963 1,054,237 712,035 Type 32, Southern MD : Belt : MD : 1.660 1.690 15,106 13,968 PA : 0.800 0.900 4,200 4,617 US : 1.345 1.387 19,306 18,585 Total 31-32 : 1.885 1.942 1,073,543 730,620 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999 - 2000 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds -- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2,850 3,100 2,370 3,000 6,755 9,300 TN : 600 680 2,110 2,450 1,266 1,666 US : 3,450 3,780 2,325 2,901 8,021 10,966 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1,550 1,700 2,335 2,900 3,619 4,930 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 100 100 1,550 1,650 155 165 Total 35-37 : 5,100 5,580 2,313 2,878 11,795 16,061 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA : 3,200 2,400 1,850 2,100 5,920 5,040 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 1,530 600 1,650 1,500 2,525 900 MA : 970 300 1,695 565 1,644 170 US : 2,500 900 1,668 1,189 4,169 1,070 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 890 730 2,530 2,500 2,252 1,825 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 290 230 1,952 1,865 566 429 Total 54-55 : 1,180 960 2,388 2,348 2,818 2,254 Total 51-55 : 3,680 1,860 1,899 1,787 6,987 3,324 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT : 1,510 1,000 1,950 1,550 2,945 1,550 MA : 350 250 1,951 1,160 683 290 US : 1,860 1,250 1,951 1,472 3,628 1,840 All Cigar Types : Total 41-61 : 8,740 5,510 1,892 1,852 16,535 10,204 : All Tobacco : 647,160 472,430 1,997 2,229 1,292,692 1,052,998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, and United States, 1999-2000 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per : Value of : Pound : Production Class and Type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Dollars ----- ----- 1,000 Dollars ---- : Class 3, Air-cured : Class 3B, Dark : Air-cured : Type 35, One Sucker : Belt : KY : 2.066 1.965 13,956 18,275 TN : 2.056 2.041 2,603 3,400 US : 2.064 1.977 16,559 21,675 Type 36, Green River : Belt : KY : 1.982 1.940 7,173 9,564 Type 37, VA Sun-cured: Belt : VA : 1.590 1.800 246 297 Total 35-37 : 2.033 1.964 23,978 31,536 Class 4, Cigar Filler : Type 41, PA Seedleaf : PA 2/ : 1.300 7,696 Class 5, Cigar Binder : Class 5A, CT Valley : Binder : Type 51, CT Valley : Broadleaf : CT : 4.500 4.900 11,363 4,410 MA : 5.100 5.000 8,384 850 US : 4.737 4.916 19,747 5,260 Class 5B, WI Binder : Type 54, Southern WI: WI : 1.490 1.550 3,355 2,829 Type 55, Northern WI: WI : 1.490 1.550 843 665 Total 54-55 : 1.490 1.550 4,198 3,494 Total 51-55 : 3.427 2.634 23,945 8,754 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper: Type 61, CT Valley : Shade-grown : CT 3/ : MA 3/ : US 3/ : All Cigar Types : Total 41-55 2/ : 2.451 2.634 31,641 8,754 : All Tobacco : 1.828 1.869 2,356,304 1,955,221 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2000 revised. 2/ PA type 41 price and value for 2000 not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include type 32 only. 3/ CT and MA type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include type 51 only. Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class, Month, and State, 2000 Marketing Year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class : 2000 : 2001 and :------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : Flue-cured : FL : 38 49 13 100 GA : 35 45 10 10 100 NC : 34 46 17 3 100 SC : 34 48 17 1 100 VA : 43 34 19 4 100 : Fire-cured : VA : 73 22 5 100 KY : 48 46 6 100 TN : 44 47 9 100 : Air-cured : IN : 41 22 32 5 100 KY : 43 22 27 8 100 MD : 94 6 100 MO : 56 35 9 100 NC : 41 26 31 2 100 OH : 26 18 49 7 100 PA 1/ : TN : 47 26 23 4 100 VA : 52 20 28 100 WV 1/ : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Sales by month are not available. Avocados: Bearing Acreage, Yield, Production, Price, and Value, by State and United States, 1999-2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bearing : Yield : Production : Utilization Year : Acreage : per :--------------------------------------------- : 1/ : Acre : Total : Utilized : Fresh : Processed -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres ----------------------- Tons ---------------------- : CA : 1999-00 2/: 59,000 2.73 161,000 161,000 161,000 2000-01 2/: 59,000 3.53 208,000 208,000 208,000 FL : 1999-00 : 5,900 3.73 22,000 22,000 22,000 2000-01 : 6,000 4.33 26,000 26,000 26,000 HI : 1999-00 : 230 1.30 300 300 300 2000-01 : 220 1.45 320 320 320 US : 1999-00 : 65,130 2.81 183,300 183,300 183,300 2000-01 : 65,220 3.59 234,320 234,320 234,320 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fresh :Processed: All : Fresh :Processed : All :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- Dollars ---------- -------- 1,000 Dollars ------- : CA : 1999-00 : 2,250.00 2,250.00 362,118 362,118 2000-01 : 1,470.00 1,470.00 305,655 305,655 FL : 1999-00 : 748.00 748.00 16,456 16,456 2000-01 : 584.00 584.00 15,184 15,184 HI : 1999-00 : 1,200.00 1,200.00 360 360 2000-01 : 1,160.00 1,160.00 371 371 US : 1999-00 : 2,070.00 2,070.00 378,934 378,934 2000-01 : 1,370.00 1,370.00 321,210 321,210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys. 2/ Small quantities of processed avocados are included in fresh to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2000-2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Mar : 3,090 2,860 1,655 2,025 4,610 4,270 Apr : 3,090 2,845 1,655 2,025 4,700 4,065 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, Hawaii, 1999-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ---- 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds : Bananas 1/ 2/ : 1,420 1,550 17.3 18.7 24,500 29,000 Guavas 2/ : 630 680 17.0 23.4 10,700 15,900 Papayas 1/ 2/ : 1,940 1,650 21.9 33.0 42,400 54,500 Taro 1/ 3/ : 500 470 6,800 7,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2000 revised. 2/ Only utilized production is estimated. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated. Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield by Type, State, and United States, 1999-2000 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Area : Type : Planted : Harvested : Yield and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ---- Pounds ---- : Upland : AL : 565.0 590.0 561.0 530.0 535 492 AZ : 270.0 280.0 269.0 278.0 1,278 1,366 AR : 970.0 960.0 960.0 950.0 714 720 CA : 610.0 775.0 605.0 770.0 1,254 1,378 FL : 107.0 130.0 106.0 106.0 516 480 GA : 1,470.0 1,500.0 1,300.0 1,350.0 579 591 KS : 33.0 40.0 28.0 37.0 375 288 LA : 615.0 710.0 610.0 695.0 709 629 MS : 1,200.0 1,300.0 1,180.0 1,280.0 704 642 MO : 380.0 400.0 377.0 388.0 601 668 NM : 84.0 72.0 79.0 67.0 662 724 NC : 880.0 930.0 825.0 925.0 475 742 OK : 240.0 280.0 150.0 145.0 461 503 SC : 330.0 300.0 315.0 290.0 428 627 TN : 570.0 570.0 565.0 565.0 505 603 TX : 6,150.0 6,400.0 5,100.0 4,400.0 475 430 VA : 110.0 110.0 108.0 108.0 635 738 : US : 14,584.0 15,347.0 13,138.0 12,884.0 595 626 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 9.0 5.0 8.9 4.9 879 705 CA : 240.0 145.0 239.0 144.0 1,210 1,154 NM : 7.5 4.2 7.0 4.1 734 539 TX : 33.0 16.0 32.0 16.0 669 930 : US : 289.5 170.2 286.9 169.0 1,128 1,105 : All : AL : 565.0 590.0 561.0 530.0 535 492 AZ : 279.0 285.0 277.9 282.9 1,265 1,354 AR : 970.0 960.0 960.0 950.0 714 720 CA : 850.0 920.0 844.0 914.0 1,241 1,342 FL : 107.0 130.0 106.0 106.0 516 480 GA : 1,470.0 1,500.0 1,300.0 1,350.0 579 591 KS : 33.0 40.0 28.0 37.0 375 288 LA : 615.0 710.0 610.0 695.0 709 629 MS : 1,200.0 1,300.0 1,180.0 1,280.0 704 642 MO : 380.0 400.0 377.0 388.0 601 668 NM : 91.5 76.2 86.0 71.1 668 713 NC : 880.0 930.0 825.0 925.0 475 742 OK : 240.0 280.0 150.0 145.0 461 503 SC : 330.0 300.0 315.0 290.0 428 627 TN : 570.0 570.0 565.0 565.0 505 603 TX : 6,183.0 6,416.0 5,132.0 4,416.0 477 432 VA : 110.0 110.0 108.0 108.0 635 738 : US : 14,873.5 15,517.2 13,424.9 13,053.0 607 632 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2000 revised. Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type, State, and United States, 1999-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production in : Lint- : Bales Ginned in Type : 480-lb Net Weight : seed : 480-lb Net Weight and : Bales 1/ : Ratio 2/ : Bales 3/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 4/ : 1999 4/ : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 4/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 Bales --- -------- Bales -------- : Upland : AL : 625.0 543.0 644,700 551,700 AZ : 716.0 791.0 695,750 761,000 AR : 1,428.0 1,425.0 1,410,300 1,426,500 CA : 1,580.0 2,210.0 1,600,100 2,239,800 FL 5/ : 114.0 106.0 GA : 1,567.0 1,663.0 1,570,700 1,669,000 KS 5/ : 21.9 22.2 LA : 901.0 911.0 932,350 936,150 MS : 1,731.0 1,711.0 1,716,800 1,706,800 MO : 472.0 540.0 457,950 514,650 NM : 109.0 101.0 53,050 60,750 NC : 816.0 1,429.0 828,150 1,452,400 OK : 144.0 152.0 143,000 147,750 SC : 281.0 379.0 271,750 366,700 TN : 595.0 710.0 590,450 708,500 TX : 5,050.0 3,940.0 5,111,750 3,978,500 VA : 142.8 166.0 135,700 149,850 : US : 16,293.7 16,799.2 16,291,750 16,790,500 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 16.3 7.2 16,600 7,500 CA : 602.7 346.3 602,450 346,000 NM : 10.7 4.6 6,550 4,550 TX : 44.6 31.0 48,850 30,950 : US : 674.3 389.1 674,450 389,000 : All : AL : 625.0 543.0 644,700 551,700 AZ : 732.3 798.2 712,350 768,500 AR : 1,428.0 1,425.0 0.384 0.381 1,410,300 1,426,500 CA : 2,182.7 2,556.3 0.398 0.399 2,202,550 2,585,800 FL 5/ : 114.0 106.0 GA : 1,567.0 1,663.0 0.412 0.413 1,570,700 1,669,000 KS 5/ : 21.9 22.2 LA : 901.0 911.0 0.396 0.396 932,350 936,150 MS : 1,731.0 1,711.0 0.383 0.383 1,716,800 1,706,800 MO : 472.0 540.0 457,950 514,650 NM : 119.7 105.6 59,600 65,300 NC : 816.0 1,429.0 0.412 0.410 828,150 1,452,400 OK : 144.0 152.0 143,000 147,750 SC : 281.0 379.0 271,750 366,700 TN : 595.0 710.0 590,450 708,500 TX : 5,094.6 3,971.0 0.376 0.372 5,160,600 4,009,450 VA : 142.8 166.0 135,700 149,850 : US : 16,968.0 17,188.3 16,966,200 17,179,500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ Estimates available only for the 7 States shown. Three-year average. 3/ Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4/ Revised. 5/ Bales withheld to avoid disclosure of individual gins, but are included in U.S. totals. Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition by State and United States, 1999-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Farm Disposition : : :-----------------------------------: Seed for : Production : Sales to : : Planting 2/ State: : Oil Mills : Other 1/ : :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 :1999 3/ : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 225.0 192.0 78.0 15.0 147.0 177.0 6.8 6.9 AZ : 275.0 297.0 16.0 0.0 259.0 297.0 2.6 2.6 AR : 552.0 556.0 441.0 450.0 111.0 106.0 9.0 10.0 CA : 799.0 909.0 86.0 60.0 713.0 849.0 7.9 7.2 FL : 36.0 38.0 26.0 29.0 10.0 9.0 1.4 1.3 GA : 546.0 563.0 379.0 336.0 167.0 227.0 18.0 18.0 KS : 8.0 8.9 8.0 8.9 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 LA : 331.0 331.0 165.0 179.0 166.0 152.0 6.4 7.2 MS : 667.0 662.0 612.0 595.0 55.0 67.0 13.0 15.0 MO : 175.0 205.0 102.0 158.0 73.0 47.0 4.2 4.2 NM : 50.5 39.7 2.2 6.3 48.3 33.4 0.8 0.9 NC : 278.0 508.0 44.0 59.0 234.0 449.0 8.4 9.5 OK : 52.0 58.0 50.0 55.0 2.0 3.0 3.1 3.3 SC : 100.0 133.0 60.0 69.0 40.0 64.0 2.1 2.2 TN : 223.0 289.0 155.0 179.0 68.0 110.0 4.0 4.2 TX : 1,987.0 1,589.0 1,115.0 1,253.0 872.0 336.0 64.2 60.2 VA : 49.0 57.0 1.0 0.0 48.0 57.0 1.0 1.0 : US : 6,353.5 6,435.6 3,340.2 3,452.2 3,013.3 2,983.4 153.3 154.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2/ Included in " other " farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3/ Revised. Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted Objective Yield surveys in 13 cotton producing States during 2000. Randomly selected cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey for 5 States which accounted for 61 percent of the 2000 U.S. upland cotton production. The remaining 8 States are new to the Objective Yield survey and do not have 5 years of historical counts available. The "large bolls" are total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count includes only bolls greater than one inch in diameter and burrs. Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss by State, 1991-2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Arkansas : California :----------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : : Harvest : : Harvest : Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls : Loss : 1/ : per Acre : 1/ : per Acre -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Pounds Number Pounds 1991 : 782 89 814 110 1992 : 817 73 819 116 1993 : 753 105 839 122 1994 : 812 83 806 133 1995 : 689 66 680 105 1996 : 741 64 744 165 1997 : 811 101 697 103 1998 : 640 122 655 180 1999 : 689 71 776 103 2000 : 755 59 800 91 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Louisiana : Mississippi :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Pounds Number Pounds : 1991 : 770 68 726 90 1992 : 875 60 708 84 1993 : 661 65 608 76 1994 : 748 75 760 99 1995 : 615 49 607 78 1996 : 607 52 729 82 1997 : 643 45 833 76 1998 : 600 75 821 84 1999 : 728 93 766 94 2000 : 674 60 650 95 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Texas : :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number Pounds : 1991 : 430 41 1992 : 489 53 1993 : 489 36 1994 : 486 41 1995 : 415 36 1996 : 498 39 1997 : 458 27 1998 : 482 37 1999 : 456 41 2000 : 448 43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2000-2001 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 5,844.0 5,321.0 5,201.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 79,545.0 76,693.0 72,732.0 Corn for Silage : 5,868.0 Hay, All : 59,854.0 63,771.0 Alfalfa : 23,077.0 All Other : 36,777.0 Oats : 4,477.0 4,425.0 2,324.0 2,204.0 Proso Millet : 440.0 370.0 Rice : 3,060.0 3,090.0 3,039.0 Rye : 1,335.0 302.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,195.0 9,368.0 7,723.0 Sorghum for Silage : 265.0 Wheat, All : 62,529.0 60,299.0 53,028.0 Winter : 43,348.0 41,336.0 35,022.0 32,088.0 Durum : 3,937.0 3,462.0 3,572.0 Other Spring : 15,244.0 15,501.0 14,434.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,567.0 1,892.0 1,509.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 536.0 517.0 Mustard Seed : 46.0 42.9 Peanuts : 1,536.8 1,465.0 1,329.0 Rapeseed : 4.0 3.9 Safflower : 215.0 197.0 Soybeans for Beans : 74,496.0 76,657.0 72,718.0 Sunflower : 2,792.0 2,732.0 2,629.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 15,517.2 15,614.0 13,053.0 Upland : 15,347.0 15,394.0 12,884.0 Amer-Pima : 170.2 220.0 169.0 Sugarbeets : 1,564.2 1,432.5 1,378.1 Sugarcane : 1,037.0 Tobacco : 472.4 457.7 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 5.2 4.1 Dry Edible Beans : 1,756.2 1,452.9 1,606.4 Dry Edible Peas : 188.0 179.0 Lentils : 217.0 214.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.8 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.3 Hops : 36.1 Peppermint Oil : 89.5 Potatoes, All : 1,387.3 1,351.6 Winter : 17.2 16.8 17.0 14.0 Spring : 77.4 74.1 75.6 72.5 Summer : 64.7 61.8 Fall : 1,228.0 1,197.2 Spearmint Oil : 21.7 Sweet Potatoes : 97.3 96.2 94.2 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2000-2001 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 61.1 317,865 Corn for Grain : " : 137.1 9,968,358 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.8 98,538 Hay, All : " : 2.54 152,183 Alfalfa : " : 3.48 80,347 All Other : " : 1.95 71,836 Oats : Bu : 64.2 149,195 Proso Millet : " : 19.8 7,320 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 6,281 190,872 Rye : Bu : 28.5 8,619 Sorghum for Grain : " : 60.9 470,070 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 10.8 2,863 Wheat, All : Bu : 41.9 2,223,440 Winter : " : 44.6 41.8 1,562,733 1,341,381 Durum : " : 30.7 109,805 Other Spring : " : 38.2 550,902 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,337 2,016,951 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 6,436 Flaxseed : Bu : 20.8 10,730 Mustard Seed : Lb : 852 36,570 Peanuts : " : 2,448 3,252,775 Rapeseed : " : 1,474 5,750 Safflower : " : 1,434 282,545 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 38.1 2,769,665 Sunflower : Lb : 1,363 3,584,339 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 632 17,188.3 Upland 2/ : " : 626 16,799.2 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,105 389.1 Sugarbeets : Ton : 23.6 32,521 Sugarcane : " : 35.0 36,346 Tobacco : Lb : 2,229 1,052,998 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,780 73 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,646 26,440 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,955 3,499 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,415 3,029 Wrinkled Seed Peas : " : 680 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,340 9,100 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 50,000 13,500 Hops : " : 1,871 67,577 Peppermint Oil : " : 77 6,926 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 382 516,083 Winter : " : 292 285 4,960 3,990 Spring : " : 290 269 21,921 19,500 Summer : " : 303 18,698 Fall : " : 393 470,504 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 101 2,199 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 145 13,613 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 7,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1999-2001 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,513 2,756 2,614 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 4 5 2 Lemons : " : 747 863 958 Oranges : " : 9,824 13,000 12,350 Tangelos (FL) : " : 115 99 95 Tangerines : " : 327 451 388 Temples (FL) : " : 81 88 56 : : Non-Citrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 10,630.7 10,598.0 Apricots : Ton : 90.5 99.9 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 24,500.0 29,000.0 Grapes : Ton : 6,236.4 7,315.3 Olives (CA) : " : 142.0 53.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 42,400.0 54,500.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,525.7 2,610.9 Pears : Ton : 1,015.5 975.2 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 178.0 220.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 22.9 23.9 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 833,000 703,000 875,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 40.0 24.0 Pecans : Lb : 406,100 206,600 Pistachios (CA) : " : 123,000 243,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 283.0 239.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,188 1,231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1998-1999, 1999-2000, and 2000-2001. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2000-2001 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,365,010 2,153,360 2,104,790 Corn for Grain 2/ :32,191,070 31,036,890 29,433,910 Corn for Silage : 2,374,720 Hay, All 3/ : 24,222,320 25,807,490 Alfalfa : 9,339,030 All Other : 14,883,280 Oats : 1,811,800 1,790,750 940,500 891,940 Proso Millet : 178,060 149,740 Rice : 1,238,350 1,250,490 1,229,850 Rye : 540,260 122,220 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,721,120 3,791,140 3,125,420 Sorghum for Silage : 107,240 Wheat, All 3/ :25,304,860 24,402,400 21,459,900 Winter :17,542,500 16,728,270 14,173,050 12,985,690 Durum : 1,593,260 1,401,040 1,445,550 Other Spring : 6,169,090 6,273,100 5,841,300 : Oilseeds : Canola : 634,150 765,670 610,680 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 216,910 209,220 Mustard Seed : 18,620 17,360 Peanuts : 621,930 592,870 537,830 Rapeseed : 1,620 1,580 Safflower : 87,010 79,720 Soybeans for Beans :30,147,790 31,022,320 29,428,250 Sunflower : 1,129,890 1,105,610 1,063,930 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 6,279,660 6,318,830 5,282,420 Upland : 6,210,780 6,229,800 5,214,030 Amer-Pima : 68,880 89,030 68,390 Sugarbeets : 633,020 579,720 557,700 Sugarcane : 419,660 Tobacco : 191,190 185,210 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 2,100 1,660 Dry Edible Beans : 710,720 587,970 650,090 Dry Edible Peas : 76,080 72,440 Lentils : 87,820 86,600 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,750 Ginger Root (HI) : 110 Hops : 14,620 Peppermint Oil : 36,220 Potatoes, All 3/ : 561,430 546,980 Winter : 6,960 6,800 6,880 5,670 Spring : 31,320 29,990 30,590 29,340 Summer : 26,180 25,010 Fall : 496,960 484,490 Spearmint Oil : 8,780 Sweet Potatoes : 39,380 38,930 38,120 Taro (HI) 4/ : 190 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2000-2001 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.29 6,920,690 Corn for Grain : 8.60 253,207,960 Corn for Silage : 37.64 89,392,170 Hay, All 2/ : 5.70 138,058,100 Alfalfa : 7.80 72,889,570 All Other : 4.38 65,168,520 Oats : 2.30 2,165,560 Proso Millet : 1.11 166,010 Rice : 7.04 8,657,810 Rye : 1.79 218,930 Sorghum for Grain : 3.82 11,940,330 Sorghum for Silage : 24.22 2,597,270 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.82 60,512,120 Winter : 3.00 2.81 42,530,620 36,506,410 Durum : 2.07 2,988,400 Other Spring : 2.57 14,993,100 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.50 914,870 Cottonseed 3/ : 5,838,280 Flaxseed : 1.30 272,550 Mustard Seed : 0.96 16,590 Peanuts : 2.74 1,475,430 Rapeseed : 1.65 2,610 Safflower : 1.61 128,160 Soybeans for Beans : 2.56 75,377,930 Sunflower : 1.53 1,625,830 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.71 3,742,310 Upland : 0.70 3,657,590 Amer-Pima : 1.24 84,720 Sugarbeets : 52.90 29,502,550 Sugarcane : 78.57 32,972,540 Tobacco : 2.50 477,630 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 2.00 3,310 Dry Edible Beans : 1.84 1,199,300 Dry Edible Peas : 2.19 158,710 Lentils : 1.59 137,390 Wrinkled Seed Peas : 30,840 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.50 4,130 Ginger Root (HI) : 56.04 6,120 Hops : 2.10 30,650 Peppermint Oil : 0.09 3,140 Potatoes, All 2/ : 42.80 23,409,130 Winter : 32.70 31.94 224,980 180,980 Spring : 32.50 30.15 994,320 884,510 Summer : 33.91 848,130 Fall : 44.05 21,341,700 Spearmint Oil : 0.11 1,000 Sweet Potatoes : 16.20 617,480 Taro (HI) 3/ : 3,180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1999-2001 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,279,760 2,500,200 2,371,380 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 3,630 4,540 1,810 Lemons : 677,670 782,900 869,080 Oranges : 8,912,180 11,793,400 11,203,730 Tangelos (FL) : 104,330 89,810 86,180 Tangerines : 296,650 409,140 351,990 Temples (FL) : 73,480 79,830 50,800 : Non-Citrus : Apples : 4,822,000 4,807,170 Apricots : 82,100 90,630 Bananas (HI) : 11,110 13,150 Grapes : 5,657,530 6,636,300 Olives (CA) : 128,820 48,080 Papayas (HI) : 19,230 24,720 Peaches : 1,145,640 1,184,280 Pears : 921,200 884,640 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 161,480 199,580 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 20,770 21,680 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 377,840 318,880 396,890 Hazelnuts : 36,290 21,770 Pecans : 184,200 93,710 Pistachios (CA) : 55,790 110,220 Walnuts (CA) : 256,730 216,820 Maple Syrup : 5,940 6,150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2001 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1998-1999, 1999-2000, and 2000-2001. April Weather Summary Despite the passage of three major spring storm systems across the central Plains and upper Midwest, most of the Nation was unusually dry during April. Mostly dry, often warm weather depleted topsoil moisture across the southern Plains, Ohio Valley, and southern Atlantic States, but allowed summer crop planting to gain momentum. Generally dry weather also prevailed in the Northeast, easing the transition from a stormy, snowy March into the spring snow-melt season. Areas from the eastern Dakotas to the upper Mississippi Valley fared less well, as tranquil March weather yielded to major spring flooding, triggered by melting snow and heavy precipitation. In the Northwest, cool, showery weather aided small grains and brought limited relief from long-term drought. Elsewhere in the West, including California and Arizona, a warming trend provided improving conditions for fieldwork and crop development. Early-month freezes in California and the Northwest adversely affected some fruits (vines and tree blooms) and newly planted summer crops, including sugarbeets. For the month, West Coast State temperatures ranged from 1 to 5 degrees F below normal in most locations. Warm weather prevailed in areas from the Plains eastward during the first half of the month, followed by a sharp cold snap from April 17-20 that caused mostly minor damage to fruit tree blooms and tender ground vegetation in the Ohio Valley and interior South. Temperatures rebounded thereafter, helping to boost April readings 3 to 7 degrees F above normal in the southern and eastern Corn Belt and up to 5 degrees F above normal on the central and southern High Plains. April Agricultural Summary Dry weather favored rapid field preparation and planting progress along the lower Ohio River Valley through most of the month. Planting expanded into the central and eastern Corn Belt after midmonth, but wet weather hindered progress in the western Corn Belt and adjacent parts of the northern Great Plains until late in the month. Parts of the upper Mississippi Valley and northern Great Plains experienced flooding along rivers and streams, and soils remained too saturated to support machinery throughout the month. Dry, windy weather quickly erased early-month wetness in the southern Great Plains, and by the end of the month, soil moisture shortages emerged. Along the Gulf Coast, previous soil moisture shortages persisted, especially in Florida. Precipitation was below normal in the interior Southeast, but soil moisture supplies were adequate, though diminishing, in most areas. In the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast States, valley rains and mountain snowfall boosted moisture reserves. In addition to frequent precipitation, cooler-than-normal weather contributed to slow fieldwork and planting progress in California. Above-normal temperatures accelerated growth of winter grains and early-planted spring crops in most areas east of the Rocky Mountains. Corn planting began slowly at the beginning of the month, but quickly accelerated along the Ohio River Valley as midmonth approached. After midmonth, planting remained active in the southern Corn Belt and expanded into the central and eastern Corn Belt. In the western Corn Belt, planting and fieldwork remained mostly stalled until late in the month. On April 29, the corn crop was 28 percent planted, well behind last year's rapid pace, but equal to the 5-year average. The winter wheat crop progressed behind normal during April, even though above-normal temperatures stimulated growth in the Great Plains and Corn Belt most of the month. Moisture supplies were adequate to support development in most areas early in the month. However, below-normal precipitation, combined with hot, dry winds, led to moisture shortages in the southern and northern High Plains by the end of the month. In the Corn Belt, frequent showers maintained adequate soil moisture supplies. Excessive moisture damaged some fields in the northern Great Plains. Frequent showers kept soils excessively wet, hindering small grain seeding in the western Corn Belt and adjacent areas of the upper Mississippi Valley and northern Great Plains. Planting progress was near normal in the northern High Plains and Pacific Northwest where rain delays were brief. Spring wheat and barley planting were most active in Idaho and Washington, while progress remained stalled in Minnesota and North Dakota throughout the month. Oat planting was active in the eastern Corn Belt early in the month and accelerated in the western Corn Belt later in the month. Dry weather aided field preparations and cotton planting in the southern Great Plains, lower Mississippi Valley, and Southeast, especially after midmonth when rain delays were mostly limited to interior parts of the Mississippi Delta and Southeast. Planting progress was near normal in the Southwest, despite frequent rain delays. Near the end of the month, soil moisture shortages delayed planting in the southern High Plains. Rice seeding was active along the western Gulf Coast as the month began, and quickly gained momentum in the interior Mississippi Delta early in the month. Planting progressed ahead of normal in both areas and warm weather stimulated germination and growth. In California, cold, wet weather hindered planting and delayed emergence. Sorghum planting was active most of the month in the southern Great Plains and accelerated in the interior Mississippi Delta during the week that ended April 15. Planting began in the Missouri Bootheel after midmonth, and a few fields were planted in the southern Corn Belt and central High Plains before the month ended. Sugarbeet seeding progressed ahead of normal in Michigan and near normal in Idaho, but persistent wetness held progress in Minnesota and North Dakota far behind last year's pace and well behind the 5-year average. Winter Wheat: Area for 2001 grain harvest is forecast at 32.1 million acres, down 8 percent from 2000. This will be the smallest winter wheat area since 1957. Hard Red Winter and Soft Red Winter area for harvest showed the biggest percentage declines, dropping 9 and 8 percent, respectively. White Winter wheat area is down 3 percent from a year ago. The portion of the winter wheat crop rated good to excellent on April 29, at 41 percent, was 20 percentage points lower than last year. The Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas good to excellent ratings were only 28 percent, 25 percent, and 26 percent, respectively. April 1 conditions were the lowest since 1989, when just 29 percent was rated good and 3 percent was excellent. The winter wheat crop progressed behind normal during April, even though above-normal temperatures stimulated growth in the Great Plains and Corn Belt most of the month. Moisture supplies were adequate to support development in most areas early in the month. However, below-normal precipitation, combined with hot, dry winds led to moisture shortages in the southern and northern High Plains by the end of the month. In the Corn Belt, frequent showers maintained adequate soil moisture supplies. Excessive moisture damaged some fields in the northern Great Plains. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 15.4 million bushels. This is down 13 percent from their 2000 total of 17.8 million. Durum wheat in Arizona is currently 24 percent mature, where weather conditions have had little impact on the Durum crop since March. Crop condition is mainly good to excellent in California. Crop development was somewhat behind normal in the Imperial and San Joaquin valleys due to cool temperatures in February and March, but has recovered with warmer temperatures. Hay Stocks on Farms: Stocks of all hay on farms totaled 21.1 million tons on May 1, 2001, down 27 percent from May 1 of the previous year. This reduction reflects a return to near normal stock levels following last year's near record high. Disappearance of hay from December 1, 2000 - May 1, 2001, totaled 82.6 million tons, 3 percent higher than the 1999-2000 crop disappearance of 80.1 million tons. The increased disappearance was due to severe early winter weather in the northern Plains and Midwest, and a late spring across much of the country. Twenty-seven of the 48 reporting States had lower hay stocks. Most of the States reporting stock declines were located west of the Mississippi River. In these States stock levels were low due to dry conditions during the growing season which caused low production and hay land to be utilized for supplemental pasture. Also, severe winter weather extended the feeding season and increased hay usage. Texas reported stocks of 1.45 million tons, down 45 percent from last May's 2.63 million tons. Nationwide, 13 States, 10 of which are west of the Mississippi, reported stocks at or below 50 percent of last year's levels. The Southeast was also hurt by drought with Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi also reporting stocks at or below 50 percent of last May's levels. The States in the Ohio Valley and Northeast saw stocks rise as a result of favorable weather in 2000 increasing production following the drought of 1999. This rise in stocks restores these States to historic stock levels following the poor harvest of 1999. States reporting the largest increases were Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. Almonds: The 2001 California almond crop is forecast at a record high 875 million meat pounds, up 24 percent from last year's revised 703 million pounds. Bearing acreage, at 525,000, is up 5 percent from the previous crop year. The average yield is forecast at 1,670 pounds per acre, 260 pounds per acre above last year but 70 pounds below the 1999 yield. The nut set was expected to return to 1999 levels due to the alternate bearing nature of almond trees; however, less than ideal weather conditions have resulted in reduced expectations for the 2001 crop. Low temperatures and rain during the critical bloom period adversely impacted pollination for early varieties. The later-blooming varieties are expected to fare better due to better weather during their bloom period. Avocados: U.S. avocado production for the 2000-2001 season totaled 234,320 tons, up 28 percent from last season. Bearing acreage, at 65,220, was virtually unchanged from the 1999-2000 level. The value of U.S. avocados for the 2000-2001 season totaled $321 million, down 15 percent from the previous season. California avocado production was 208,000 tons, up 29 percent from last season. The value of California's avocado production decreased 16 percent, from the previous season, to $306 million. California experienced good weather conditions for this year's crop. Fruit quality is good. Florida produced 26,000 tons of avocados in 2000-2001, up 18 percent from last season. Florida's value of production totaled $15.2 million, down 8 percent from last year. Florida production increased from last season due to favorable weather conditions and increased acreage. Hawaii produced 320 tons of avocados, up 7 percent from 1999-2000. Hawaii's value of production rose 3 percent to $371,000 for the 2000-2001 season. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production for April is estimated at 4.07 million pounds, 5 percent lower than March and 14 percent below April 2000 production. Area in crop totaled 2,845 acres, 1 percent less than last month and 8 percent fewer acres than a year ago. Harvested area, at 2,025 acres, remained unchanged from March but was 22 percent higher than last April. April weather conditions were variable with showers and sunshine over major papaya producing areas. Incidence of the papaya ringspot virus was low due to close monitoring and rogueing of infected trees. Hawaii total papaya utilization during 2000 is estimated at 54.5 million pounds, 29 percent higher than in 1999. Although there was a 15 percent decline in harvested acreage, sharply improved yields from papaya ringspot resistant varieties resulted in the increased production. An estimated 1,650 acres was bearing on average during the year, of which about half was planted to higher yielding, virus resistant varieties. Very dry conditions in non-irrigated orchards in the summer of 1999 and early in 2000 reduced flowering, which led to fruiting gaps and reduced output in the beginning of the year and in October and November of 2000. The dry conditions prevented an even greater increase in output. California Peaches: The California 2001 peach crop is forecast at 1.77 billion pounds, down 5 percent from 2000 and 3 percent below two years ago. Bearing acres are estimated at 67,800, up 1 percent from last year. Both the freestone and clingstone crops experienced good bloom this spring. However, sporadic damage from frost and hailstorms during the first part of April reduced expectations. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 770 million pounds, down 4 percent from last year but 1 percent above 1999. Freestone bearing acreage is estimated at 39,000, unchanged from 2000. Hail damage in Fresno County affected the fresh market crop more than the processed crop. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.00 billion pounds, 6 percent below both last year and 1999. Clingstone bearing acreage is estimated at 28,800, up 2 percent from 2000. Crop set looks good in the extra early and early varieties, while the late and extra late varieties have lighter fruit set. Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 2000 is estimated at a record large 29.0 million pounds, up 18 percent from 1999. Maturing acreage resulted in higher yields and increased production levels. Growers continued with their Banana Bunchy Top Virus control programs. Weather for 2000 was favorable, with no major wind damage. In November, heavy rains drenched some major orchards, but the damage was light. Guavas: Guava utilized production in Hawaii rebounded after five consecutive years of decline. The utilized production totaled 15.9 million pounds in 2000, up 49 percent from 1999. The harvested area totaled 680 acres compared to 630 acres a year ago. Yield, based on utilized production only, averaged 23,400 pounds per acre, up 38 percent from the previous year. Weather during 2000 was satisfactory for orchards. Taro: Hawaiian taro production for crop year 2000 is estimated at 7.00 million pounds, up 3 percent from last year. Area harvested, at 470 acres, is down 30 acres from 1999. Weather conditions were favorable in most of the major growing areas. Improved cultural practices continued to reduce losses due to disease. Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2000-01 grapefruit crop for the United States is 2.61 million tons, unchanged from the April 1 forecast, but 5 percent less than last season's utilization. The Florida grapefruit forecast is 49.0 million boxes (2.08 million tons), unchanged from the April forecast but 8 percent lower than the previous season. The all white grapefruit forecast, which includes seedless and seedy varieties, remains at 20.0 million boxes (850,000 tons). If realized, the crop size will be down 7 percent from last season. The colored seedless utilization remains at 29.0 million boxes (1.23 million tons) but is 9 percent below the previous season's final utilization. The total percent of "clean harvested" rows is less than last season. The amount of off-bloom fruit and those unharvested "marginal care" groves appear to be greater than average. Forecasts for Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from the April forecast. Tangerines: The 2000-01 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 388,000 tons, unchanged from last month, but 14 percent below last season's record high utilization of 451,000 tons. Florida's tangerine crop remains the same as the April 1 forecast of 5.60 million boxes (266,000 tons). This is 20 percent less than the record high use of 7.00 million boxes (333,000 tons) last season. The early tangerine harvest is complete. The late season Honey tangerine harvest is more than 80 percent complete and some of the remaining fruit may not be picked because of poor fruit condition. Arizona and California forecasts are carried forward from the April forecast. Tangelos: Florida's 2000-01 tangelo forecast, at 2.10 million boxes (94,500 tons), is unchanged from the April 1 forecast but is 5 percent less than last season. Tangelo production peaked at 6.40 million boxes in the 1979-80 season and has declined slowly over the last 20 seasons. In the 1996-97 season, the utilized production was 3.95 million boxes and it has decreased in each subsequent season. Temples: Florida's Temple forecast is reduced to 1.25 million boxes (56,000 tons), 11 percent less than the April 1 forecast and 36 percent lower than the 1.95 million boxes (88,000 tons) recorded last season. This is the lowest recorded crop since the objective measurement series began in the 1953-54 season. The largest crop, at 6.00 million boxes, was recorded in 1979-80. Weekly utilizations declined to virtually zero by the end of April and the fruit remaining on trees is considered unharvestable due to poor fruit condition. K-Early Citrus: The K-Early Citrus Fruit forecast for 2000-01 remains at 40,000 boxes (1,800 tons), unchanged from April but 70,000 boxes fewer than last season. Harvest is complete. This production equals the record low utilization of the 1997-98 season. Florida Citrus: April was a very dry month in Florida's citrus belt. There were only a few days of precipitation. High winds on several occasions accelerated evaporation of the scant surface moisture that had accumulated from the limited rainfall. Growers and caretakers have been irrigating around the clock to keep trees in good condition while the trees are setting fruit for next season's crop. Most well cared for groves have plenty of new foliage. Those groves that have received minimal irrigation have yellowing leaves. Picking crews completed the early and midseason orange harvest by the first of the month. The Valencia orange harvest continued and by the end of April, movement was at its peak rate. Most of the Valencias are going to processing. Movement of all grapefruit continued throughout the month for both fresh and processed utilization. The Temple harvest was completed by mid-month. Harvest of Honey tangerines was winding down with supplies running low. Caretakers were cutting cover crops prior to harvesting and for fire protection. Hedging and topping have occurred in virtually all citrus areas. Grove debris burning is limited due to the current dry conditions. Post bloom nutritional spraying continues. California Citrus: The navel orange harvest was winding down as less than 10 percent of the crop remained to be picked by May 1. The Valencia orange harvest was active in all citrus growing areas. Some Valencia orange groves in the Fresno area were hit by hail. Lemon and grapefruit picking continued throughout the month. Bees were active in citrus groves in central California by month's end. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Fruit and nut growers irrigated, fertilized, cultivated, and applied fungicides and herbicides throughout the month of April. Thinning occurred in the stone fruit orchards. In early April, grapevines and fruit trees suffered frost or hail damage in many areas. Nighttime temperatures dropped below freezing and damaged young grape shoots in Sonoma, Lake, Napa, and Mendocino counties. Grapes and stone fruit in Madera and Fresno counties also suffered damage from frost and hail. Apple orchards were blooming and olives continued bud development throughout most of April. Strawberry picking was active in the southern part of the State. Spring Potatoes: Spring potato production is forecast at 19.5 million cwt, down 4 percent from last month and 11 percent below a year ago. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 72,500 acres, 3 percent below last month and down 4 percent from last year. The average yield is forecast at 269 cwt per acre, down 3 cwt from last month and 21 cwt below last year. From their April 1 estimates, California's harvested acreage was dropped 1,500 acres to 15,500 acres and Arizona's was trimmed 500 acres to 8,500 acres. Harvest started in Arizona's western counties in early April while central counties began about midmonth. Production in Arizona, at 2.30 million cwt, is 9 percent below both last month and last year. California's spring production, at 6.05 million cwt, is down 9 percent from last month and 19 percent below a year ago. California's harvest is anticipated to start in May, about two weeks later than usual, because of cool weather early in the growing season. Texas production is 2.07 million cwt, the same as last month but 7 percent below last year. Florida's spring harvest was active during April, and picked up steam in Hastings the last half of the month. Production is forecast at 5.94 million cwt, up 4 percent from April 1, but still 6 percent below a year ago. Frost hit North Carolina fields the third week in April, slowing development and reducing potential yields. Production is now forecast at 3.15 million cwt, down 5 percent from a month ago and 7 percent below last year. Tobacco: U.S. tobacco production for 2000 was revised down 4 percent, harvested acreage down 3 percent, and average yield down 35 pounds from December 2000. Total production, at 1.05 billion pounds in 2000, was down 19 percent from 1999, and was at the lowest level since 1932. Growers harvested 472,430 acres in 2000, down 27 percent from last year, and was the lowest harvested acreage since 1874. Final yields averaged 2,229 pounds per acre, up 232 pounds from 1999. Flue-cured production totaled 599 million pounds in 2000, down 9 percent from 1999. Growers harvested 250,000 acres, down 18 percent from last year. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,396 pounds per acre, up 234 pounds from 1999. North Carolina, the leading producer of flue-cured tobacco, produced 395 million pounds, two-thirds of all flue-cured tobacco grown in the United States. Total fire-cured production was revised upward 9 percent from December 2000 to 51.6 million pounds. This is 36 percent more than last year. Growers harvested a total of 17,540 acres, 7 percent more than 1999. Fire-cured yields averaged 2,944 pounds per acre, up 625 pounds from last year. Burley production, which accounted for 96 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, was revised down 10 percent from December 2000 to 363 million pounds. This is 35 percent less than last year when 555 million pounds were produced. Producers of burley tobacco harvested 185,400 acres in 2000, 39 percent less than last year. Yields averaged 1,957 pounds per acre, down 66 pounds from December 2000, but 128 pounds more than 1999. Kentucky, the leading producer of burley tobacco, produced 243 million pounds, which was 67 percent of all burley grown in the United States. Dark air-cured production was revised up 11 percent from December 2000. Production totaled 16.1 million pounds in 2000, which was 36 percent above a year ago. Growers harvested 5,580 acres in 2000, 9 percent above last year. Yields averaged 2,878 pounds per acre, up 565 pounds from 1999. Kentucky, the leading producer of dark air-cured tobacco, produced 14.2 million pounds in 2000, which was 89 percent of all dark air-cured grown in the United States. Production of cigar tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, was revised upward 8 percent from December 2000 to a total of 10.2 million pounds for 2000. However, this is 38 percent below 1999 production. Growers harvested 5,510 acres in 2000, 37 percent less than the previous year. Average yields were 1,852 pounds per acre, down 40 pounds from 1999. Cotton: The 2000 United States all cotton production totaled 17.2 million bales, 1 percent above the 1999 production level. The 2000 output is the eighth largest crop on record. Upland cotton production, at 16.8 million bales, was 3 percent above the previous year. American-Pima production totaled 389,100 bales, down 42 percent from 1999. The area planted to all cotton totaled 15.5 million acres, up 4 percent from 1999. Harvested area was 13.1 million acres, down 3 percent from last year. The increase in planted acreage was attributable to the favorableness of cotton as an alternative crop during times of low prices; however, harvested acreage decreased from 1999 due to drought and high temperatures in the extreme Southeast and southern Plains regions. Yields for the U.S. averaged 632 pounds per harvested acre. Producers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia) experienced delays in planting cotton during the spring of 2000. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina were slowed due to extremely dry soils. Conversely, North Carolina and Virginia cotton producers experienced planting delays due to rain and lingering moisture. Moisture shortages persisted in parts of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina throughout most of the growing season. Rains received in some areas quickly evaporated due to hot, dry conditions. The lack of moisture led to the abandonment of some fields. Adequate moisture was received in North Carolina and Virginia; however, abnormally cool temperatures slowed development in some areas. Harvest began in most parts of the region during the middle of September and progressed near average for most of the fall. Virginia and parts of the Carolinas lagged behind average, due to the cool weather which slowed maturation of the crop. The Delta States' (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) planted 3.94 million acres, a 5 percent increase over last year. Harvested area totaled 3.88 million acres. Planting progressed smoothly throughout most of the region. Dry weather permitted excess moisture to drain from fields and allowed planting to get into full swing by early May. Above normal temperatures stimulated development throughout the season, but resulted in some deterioration of condition. The rapid development of the crop allowed harvest to progress well ahead of the 5-year average. Louisiana growers were finished picking cotton prior to November 1, while the other Delta States had well over 90 percent of their acreage harvested before November. Rains during November delayed the completion of harvest in these States; however, by November 21, all five Delta States had completed harvest. Data from the objective yield surveys in the last ten years show 2000 boll weights in Arkansas and Louisiana were the fourth lowest, while Mississippi's weight was second lowest. Producers in the Southwestern States (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) were able to maintain a planting pace on par with the 5-year average, despite combating weather delays. Weather conditions during the second half of May allowed Oklahoma cotton producers to stay well ahead of the 5-year average planting rate. Texas producers managed to maintain pace with average, despite extremely dry conditions and high winds. Hot, dry growing conditions early in the season resulted in development progressing ahead of average throughout most of the region. Most areas received rains during late June, easing moisture concerns that had developed during the month; however, the precipitation came too late for some fields which were plowed under and replanted to alternative crops. Extremely hot temperatures and high winds persisted throughout the remainder of the growing season, leading to depleted soil moisture, deteriorating condition ratings, and abandoned fields. Irrigated crops were also under stress in some areas of the Plains due to available water being exhausted at a rapid rate. Harvest began early due to the rapidly maturing crop and was aided by a light to killing frost in early October; however, progress slowed during November due to rain and high humidity. Quality and yields were adversely affected by the rainfall. Despite the delays, Oklahoma remained ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace. Texas, which began the harvest season ahead of average, had fallen off pace by mid-November. Arizona and California experienced excellent planting conditions throughout the spring of 2000. By mid-May, California planting was virtually complete. Arizona producers had completed their planting by the end of May. The early planting and above average temperatures during June allowed the upland cotton in the West to progress well ahead of average. Irrigation alleviated any concerns associated with dry spells which accompanied the hot temperatures. Mild temperatures during parts of July and August resulted in some delays in crop development, but the early season progress allowed the crop to stay ahead of average. Harvest began on or ahead of normal, despite some rain delays. Although the rains had only minimal delays on harvest activities, quality factors were diminished in some areas. Data from the objective yield plots indicate California's boll weights are the second lowest since 1991. California producers decreased American-Pima planted acres by 40 percent from 1999, to 145,000 acres. The San Joaquin Valley began planting American-Pima cotton in late March, but cool weather resulted in some delays and slowed plant development. The crop progressed well, despite more cool weather during late August. Harvest proceeded ahead of average and was virtually complete by the beginning of December. All cotton ginnings totaled 17,179,500 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales during the 2000 season. This compares with 16,966,200 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales in 1999. Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2000 totaled 6.44 million tons, up 1 percent from 1999. Low prices and improved handling have increased the amount of cottonseed being utilized as livestock feed. Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 24 and May 1 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 12,800 producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which produces about 75 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis, in October, January, April, and July. Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts. Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida State Statistical Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona, California, and Texas were also used for setting estimates. The May 1 orange production forecasts for these three States are carried forward from April. Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season oranges estimates will be published in September's Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 6.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.34 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 6.3 percent or approximately 80 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 10.9 percent or approximately 140 million bushels. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 86 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 3.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 3.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 5.2 percent. Differences between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 192,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 714,000 tons. The May 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times. The difference does not imply that the May 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127 Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Mark R. Miller - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Darin Jantzi - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture, Nursery(202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on June 12, 2001. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. 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