Cr Pr 2-2 (4-02) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released April 10, 2002, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call Steve Wyiatt at (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. All Orange Production Up Slightly The U.S. all orange April 1 forecast for the 2001-02 crop is 12.4 million tons, up less than 1 percent from the March 1 forecast and up 1 percent from last season's revised final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast continues at 228 million boxes (10.3 million tons), 2 percent higher than last season. If the utilization is attained, it will be the third largest crop produced in Florida. Early and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 128 million boxes (5.76 million tons), unchanged from the March 1 forecast and equal to last season's final utilization. Harvest is virtually complete. Florida's Valencia forecast remains at 100 million boxes (4.50 million tons), 5 percent higher than the previous season. Fruit size remains below average but slightly larger than last season. Loss from droppage is below average. The all orange forecast for California, at 55.0 million boxes (2.06 million tons), is up 2 percent from the January 1 forecast but down 4 percent from the previous season's revised utilization. California's navel orange forecast continues at 32.0 million boxes (1.20 million tons), down 11 percent from last season. Harvest is nearing completion. Fruit size is larger than last season. The Valencia forecast is increased to 23.0 million boxes (863,000 tons), up 5 percent from the previous forecast and 10 percent higher than last season's revised final utilization. The Valencia harvest is well underway and good fruit quality is evident. The Texas all orange forecast is 1.75 million boxes (75,000 tons), down 150,000 boxes from the January 1 forecast and 485,000 boxes less than last season. Arizona's all orange utilization is forecast at 650,000 boxes (24,000 tons), a decrease of 50,000 boxes from the previous forecast and 250,000 boxes below the 2000-01 utilization. If realized, it will be the fifth consecutive season of declining utilization. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield is projected at 1.58 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from last month. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.53 gallons per box, up slightly from March. The Valencia portion is projected to yield 1.68 gallons per box, the same as projected the previous month. All projections of yield assume that the processing relationships this year will be similar to those of the past several years. This report was approved on April 10, 2002. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Keith J. Collins Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Steven D. Wiyatt Contents Page Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Peanuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 1999-2000, 2000-2001 and Forecasted April 1, 2002 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1999-00 : 2000-01 : 2001-02 : 1999-00 : 2000-01 : 2001-02 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 3/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 4/ : AZ : 600 480 300 22 18 11 CA : 40,000 36,000 32,000 1,500 1,350 1,200 FL : 134,000 128,000 128,000 6,030 5,760 5,760 TX : 1,460 2,000 1,550 62 85 66 US : 176,060 166,480 161,850 7,614 7,213 7,037 Valencia : AZ : 500 420 350 19 16 13 CA : 24,000 21,000 23,000 900 787 863 FL : 99,000 95,300 100,000 4,455 4,289 4,500 TX : 200 235 200 9 10 9 US : 123,700 116,955 123,550 5,383 5,102 5,385 All : AZ : 1,100 900 650 41 34 24 CA : 64,000 57,000 55,000 2,400 2,137 2,063 FL : 233,000 223,300 228,000 10,485 10,049 10,260 TX : 1,660 2,235 1,750 71 95 75 US : 299,760 283,435 285,400 12,997 12,315 12,422 Temples : FL : 1,950 1,250 1,500 88 56 68 Grapefruit : White Seedless 5/ : FL : 20,900 18,700 19,000 888 795 808 Colored Seedless : FL : 31,900 27,300 28,000 1,356 1,160 1,190 Other 5/ : FL : 600 25 All : AZ : 450 250 200 15 8 7 CA : 7,200 6,500 6,400 241 218 214 FL : 53,400 46,000 47,000 2,269 1,955 1,998 TX : 5,930 7,200 7,100 237 288 284 US : 66,980 59,950 60,700 2,762 2,469 2,503 Tangerines : AZ 6/ : 850 650 650 32 24 24 CA 6/ : 2,500 2,100 2,300 94 79 86 FL : 7,000 5,600 6,600 332 266 314 US : 10,350 8,350 9,550 458 369 424 Lemons : AZ : 3,100 3,600 3,100 118 137 118 CA : 19,000 22,700 22,000 722 863 836 US : 22,100 26,300 25,100 840 1,000 954 Tangelos : FL : 2,200 2,100 2,150 99 95 97 K-Early Citrus : FL : 110 40 30 5 2 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ 2000-01 revised. 3/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 4/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 5/ "Other" seedy grapefruit estimates discontinued after 1999-2000 crop. Included with white seedless beginning with the 2000-01 crop. 6/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group, State, and United States, 2000-2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : : Seasonal :---------------------------------: Yield : Production Group : Planted : Harvested : : and :------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 :2001 :2002 : 2000 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 Acres -------- -- Cwt -- ----- 1,000 Cwt ---- : Winter : CA : 9.0 7.0 9.0 7.0 310 270 2,880 2,790 1,890 FL : 7.8 6.8 5.0 6.5 265 275 2,080 1,325 1,788 : Total : 16.8 13.8 14.0 13.5 294 272 4,960 4,115 3,678 : Spring : AZ : 8.2 7.8 8.2 7.8 270 270 2,520 2,214 2,106 CA : 15.5 18.0 15.5 18.0 390 400 7,426 6,045 7,200 FL : 25.6 26.0 25.0 25.4 319 290 6,343 7,970 7,366 Hastings : 18.5 19.2 18.0 18.7 330 290 4,868 5,940 5,423 Other FL : 7.1 6.8 7.0 6.7 290 290 1,475 2,030 1,943 NC : 19.5 18.0 18.5 17.5 190 195 3,400 3,515 3,413 TX : 9.5 9.5 9.0 8.0 230 190 2,232 2,070 1,520 : Total : 78.3 79.3 76.2 76.7 286 282 21,921 21,814 21,605 : Summer 1/ : AL : 4.2 3.9 160 697 624 CA : 8.0 8.0 355 2,663 2,840 CO : 5.6 5.4 355 2,988 1,917 DE : 4.4 4.3 270 1,128 1,161 IL : 5.5 5.3 350 1,855 1,855 KS : 2.5 2.4 300 986 720 MD : 4.8 4.7 250 1,222 1,175 MO : 6.2 5.6 340 1,678 1,904 NJ : 2.5 2.5 255 713 638 NM : 2.2 2.2 350 1,050 770 TX : 8.5 8.0 390 2,964 3,120 VA : 6.5 6.3 220 1,292 1,386 : Total : 60.9 58.6 309 19,236 18,110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2001 revised. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2001-2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Feb : 2,630 2,555 1,845 1,860 4,040 3,135 Mar : 2,860 2,485 2,025 1,935 4,600 3,365 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized fresh production. Peanuts: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2000-2001 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 190.0 200.0 182.0 199.0 FL : 94.0 90.0 86.0 82.0 GA : 494.0 515.0 492.0 514.0 NM : 27.3 22.2 26.0 22.2 NC : 123.0 123.0 123.0 122.5 OK : 97.0 80.0 67.0 77.0 SC : 10.5 11.0 10.0 10.2 TX : 425.0 425.0 275.0 310.0 VA : 76.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 : US : 1,536.8 1,541.2 1,336.0 1,411.9 : :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Pounds ------ ------ 1,000 Pounds ----- : AL : 1,490 2,675 271,180 532,325 FL : 2,485 3,050 213,710 250,100 GA : 2,700 3,330 1,328,400 1,711,620 NM : 2,115 3,020 54,990 67,044 NC : 2,750 2,910 338,250 356,475 OK : 1,800 2,570 120,600 197,890 SC : 2,950 3,000 29,500 30,600 TX : 2,540 2,890 698,500 895,900 VA : 2,805 3,130 210,375 234,750 : US : 2,444 3,029 3,265,505 4,276,704 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2001 revised. Peanuts: Farm Marketing Percents by Month, State, and United States, 2000 and 2001 Crop Years -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Year: : : : : : : and : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Jan 1/ : Feb State : : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : 2000 Crop : AL : 19.6 57.4 20.5 2.3 0.2 FL : 34.8 26.7 38.0 0.4 0.1 GA : 16.3 56.7 26.3 0.6 0.1 NC : 3.1 83.5 7.3 2.8 3.3 TX : 5.2 37.3 52.7 4.8 VA : 6.0 76.6 10.7 3.9 2.8 : US : 13.2 54.7 29.3 2.2 0.6 : 2001 Crop : AL : 37.4 47.2 13.1 2.2 0.1 FL : 45.2 43.5 9.4 1.8 0.1 GA : 54.8 20.3 23.2 1.0 0.7 NC : 4.3 72.7 15.3 3.1 4.6 TX : 0.7 1.4 52.1 35.9 2.5 7.4 VA : 3.8 78.6 12.9 2.3 2.4 : US : 0.2 32.3 40.6 22.6 1.8 2.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January of the following year. Peanuts: Price and Value by State and United States, 2000-2001 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Pound : Value of Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2000 : 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Dollars ------ ----- 1,000 Dollars ---- : AL : 0.266 0.242 72,134 128,823 FL : 0.300 0.215 64,113 53,772 GA : 0.286 0.227 379,922 388,538 NM : 0.320 0.275 17,597 18,437 NC : 0.273 0.248 92,342 88,406 OK : 0.293 0.274 35,336 54,222 SC : 0.254 0.257 7,493 7,864 TX : 0.246 0.226 171,831 202,473 VA : 0.263 0.251 55,329 58,922 : US : 0.274 0.234 896,097 1,001,457 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes government payments for loan peanuts, and marketing association payments for pool peanuts in years when there are pool profits. Pool profits for the 2001 crop if any, will be reflected in "Crop Values" published in February 2003. 2/ 2001 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2001-2002 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 4,967.0 5,078.0 4,289.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 75,752.0 79,047.0 68,808.0 Corn for Silage : 6,148.0 Hay, All : 63,511.0 63,743.0 Alfalfa : 23,812.0 All Other : 39,699.0 Oats : 4,403.0 5,129.0 1,905.0 2,531.0 Proso Millet : 650.0 580.0 Rice : 3,335.0 3,323.0 3,314.0 Rye : 1,328.0 255.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 10,252.0 9,015.0 8,584.0 Sorghum for Silage : 336.0 Wheat, All : 59,617.0 59,004.0 48,653.0 Winter : 41,078.0 41,076.0 31,295.0 Durum : 2,910.0 2,842.0 2,789.0 Other Spring : 15,629.0 15,086.0 14,569.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,494.0 1,549.0 1,455.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 585.0 578.0 Mustard Seed : 45.8 44.2 Peanuts : 1,541.2 1,465.0 1,411.9 Rapeseed : 3.7 3.1 Safflower : 188.0 177.0 Soybeans for Beans : 74,105.0 72,966.0 73,000.0 Sunflowers : 2,653.0 2,493.0 2,580.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 15,787.8 14,770.5 13,810.0 Upland : 15,527.0 14,496.0 13,551.0 Amer-Pima : 260.8 274.5 259.0 Sugarbeets : 1,371.1 1,418.4 1,243.7 Sugarcane : 1,029.2 Tobacco : 432.6 429.4 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 15.9 7.1 Dry Edible Beans : 1,429.9 1,766.5 1,243.0 Dry Edible Peas : 211.8 196.8 Lentils : 201.0 197.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.3 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.4 Hops : 35.9 Peppermint Oil : 78.5 Potatoes, All : 1,267.1 1,241.3 Winter : 16.8 13.8 14.0 13.5 Spring : 78.3 79.3 76.2 76.7 Summer : 60.9 58.6 Fall : 1,111.1 1,092.5 Spearmint Oil : 19.5 Sweet Potatoes : 97.9 95.6 93.5 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2001-2002 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------ 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 58.2 249,590 Corn for Grain : " : 138.2 9,506,840 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.6 102,352 Hay, All : " : 2.47 156,703 Alfalfa : " : 3.37 80,266 All Other : " : 1.93 76,437 Oats : Bu : 61.3 116,856 Proso Millet : " : 33.2 19,250 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 6,429 213,045 Rye : Bu : 27.3 6,971 Sorghum for Grain : " : 59.9 514,524 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 11.1 3,728 Wheat, All : Bu : 40.2 1,957,643 Winter : " : 43.5 1,361,479 Durum : " : 30.0 83,556 Other Spring : " : 35.2 512,608 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,374 1,998,515 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 7,533.0 Flaxseed : Bu : 19.8 11,455 Mustard Seed : Lb : 930 41,106 Peanuts : " : 3,029 4,276,704 Rapeseed : " : 1,306 4,050 Safflower : " : 1,365 241,665 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 39.6 2,890,572 Sunflowers : Lb : 1,349 3,480,696 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 698 20,084.0 Upland 2/ : " : 687 19,406.0 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,257 678.0 Sugarbeets : Ton : 20.7 25,754 Sugarcane : " : 33.7 34,712 Tobacco : Lb : 2,314 1,000,936 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,366 97 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,572 19,541 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,920 3,779 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,471 2,898 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : " : 640 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,210 7,600 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 45,000 16,200 Hops : " : 1,861 66,832.1 Peppermint Oil : " : 81 6,343 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 358 444,766 Winter : " : 294 272 4,115 3,678 Spring : " : 286 282 21,814 21,605 Summer : " : 309 18,110 Fall : " : 367 400,727 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 105 2,052 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 154 14,355 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 6,400 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2000-2002 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 2000 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ 3/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,762 2,469 2,503 K-Early Citrus (FL) : " : 5 2 1 Lemons : " : 840 1,000 954 Oranges : " : 12,997 12,315 12,422 Tangelos (FL) : " : 99 95 97 Tangerines : " : 458 369 424 Temples (FL) : " : 88 56 68 : : Noncitrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 10,663.7 9,435.2 Apricots : Ton : 96.9 82.3 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 29,000.0 28,000.0 Grapes : Ton : 7,688.0 6,521.2 Olives (CA) : " : 53.0 134.0 Papayas (HI) : Lb : 54,500.0 55,000.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,599.9 2,437.4 Pears : Ton : 967.2 970.8 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 219.0 148.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 23.9 20.8 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 703,000 850,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 22.5 48.0 Pecans : Lb : 209,850 315,000 Pistachios (CA) : " : 243,000 161,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 239.0 305.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,231 1,049 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1999-2000, 2000-2001, and 2001-2002. 3/ 2000-01 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2001-2002 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,010,100 2,055,020 1,735,720 Corn for Grain 2/ :30,656,080 31,989,530 27,845,910 Corn for Silage : 2,488,030 Hay, All 3/ : 25,702,270 25,796,150 Alfalfa : 9,636,480 All Other : 16,065,790 Oats : 1,781,850 2,075,660 770,930 1,024,270 Proso Millet : 263,050 234,720 Rice : 1,349,640 1,344,780 1,341,140 Rye : 537,430 103,200 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 4,148,880 3,648,280 3,473,860 Sorghum for Silage : 135,980 Wheat, All 3/ :24,126,400 23,878,330 19,689,380 Winter :16,623,860 16,623,050 12,664,770 Durum : 1,177,650 1,150,130 1,128,680 Other Spring : 6,324,900 6,105,150 5,895,930 : Oilseeds : Canola : 604,610 626,860 588,820 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 236,740 233,910 Mustard Seed : 18,530 17,890 Peanuts : 623,710 592,870 571,380 Rapeseed : 1,500 1,250 Safflower : 76,080 71,630 Soybeans for Beans :29,989,550 29,528,610 29,542,370 Sunflowers : 1,073,640 1,008,890 1,044,100 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 6,389,160 5,977,470 5,588,770 Upland : 6,283,620 5,866,390 5,483,950 Amer-Pima : 105,540 111,090 104,810 Sugarbeets : 554,870 574,010 503,310 Sugarcane : 416,510 Tobacco : 175,090 173,780 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 6,430 2,870 Dry Edible Beans : 578,670 714,880 503,030 Dry Edible Peas : 85,710 79,640 Lentils : 81,340 79,720 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,550 Ginger Root (HI) : 150 Hops : 14,530 Peppermint Oil : 31,770 Potatoes, All 3/ : 512,780 502,340 Winter : 6,800 5,580 5,670 5,460 Spring : 31,690 32,090 30,840 31,040 Summer : 24,650 23,710 Fall : 449,650 442,120 Spearmint Oil : 7,890 Sweet Potatoes : 39,620 38,690 37,840 Taro (HI) 4/ : 180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2001-2002 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2001 : 2002 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.13 5,434,180 Corn for Grain : 8.67 241,484,860 Corn for Silage : 37.32 92,852,170 Hay, All 2/ : 5.53 142,158,570 Alfalfa : 7.56 72,816,090 All Other : 4.32 69,342,480 Oats : 2.20 1,696,160 Proso Millet : 1.86 436,580 Rice : 7.21 9,663,560 Rye : 1.72 177,070 Sorghum for Grain : 3.76 13,069,510 Sorghum for Silage : 24.87 3,381,980 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.71 53,278,310 Winter : 2.93 37,053,390 Durum : 2.01 2,274,020 Other Spring : 2.37 13,950,900 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.54 906,510 Cottonseed 3/ : 6,833,820 Flaxseed : 1.24 290,970 Mustard Seed : 1.04 18,650 Peanuts : 3.40 1,939,880 Rapeseed : 1.46 1,840 Safflower : 1.53 109,620 Soybeans for Beans : 2.66 78,668,480 Sunflowers : 1.51 1,578,820 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.78 4,372,780 Upland : 0.77 4,225,160 Amer-Pima : 1.41 147,620 Sugarbeets : 46.42 23,363,640 Sugarcane : 75.61 31,490,200 Tobacco : 2.59 454,020 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.53 4,400 Dry Edible Beans : 1.76 886,360 Dry Edible Peas : 2.15 171,410 Lentils : 1.65 131,450 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : 29,030 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.35 3,450 Ginger Root (HI) : 50.44 7,350 Hops : 2.09 30,310 Peppermint Oil : 0.09 2,880 Potatoes, All 2/ : 40.16 20,174,250 Winter : 32.94 30.54 186,650 166,830 Spring : 32.09 31.57 989,470 979,990 Summer : 34.64 821,460 Fall : 41.11 18,176,670 Spearmint Oil : 0.12 930 Sweet Potatoes : 17.21 651,130 Taro (HI) 3/ : 2,900 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2000-2002 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2002 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ 3/ : Grapefruit : 2,505,640 2,239,840 2,270,680 K-Early Citrus (FL) : 4,540 1,810 910 Lemons : 762,040 907,180 865,450 Oranges : 11,790,680 11,171,980 11,269,050 Tangelos (FL) : 89,810 86,180 88,000 Tangerines : 415,490 334,750 384,650 Temples (FL) : 79,830 50,800 61,690 : Noncitrus : Apples : 4,836,970 4,279,740 Apricots : 87,910 74,630 Bananas (HI) : 13,150 12,700 Grapes : 6,974,410 5,915,930 Olives (CA) : 48,080 121,560 Papayas (HI) : 24,720 24,950 Peaches : 1,179,290 1,105,590 Pears : 877,380 880,700 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 198,670 134,260 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 21,680 18,870 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 318,880 385,550 Hazelnuts : 20,410 43,540 Pecans : 95,190 142,880 Pistachios (CA) : 110,220 73,030 Walnuts (CA) : 216,820 276,690 Maple Syrup : 6,150 5,240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2002 crop year. 2/ Production years are 1999-2000, 2000-2001, and 2001-2002. 3/ 2000-01 revised. March Weather Summary In a departure from the November-February period, persistently cold March weather affected much of the Nation. The early-spring chill was most evident across the northern Plains and upper Midwest, where monthly temperatures ranged from 6 to 20oF below normal. The cool weather kept winter wheat dormant from the northern Plains to the lower Great Lakes region, and slowed wheat growth in the Ohio Valley. From the Rockies eastward, only the East and Deep South, with near-normal temperatures, were spared from protracted cold spells. Some cool air also spilled into the West, where some interior valley locations experienced temperatures as much as 8oF below normal. Meanwhile, March precipitation patterns were largely consistent with those observed during recent months. Another dry month in the central and southern Rockies and the Southwest assured below-normal spring and summer streamflows in most river basins. In contrast, recovery from the drought of 2000-01 continued across the interior Northwest, where near-normal precipitation was observed during March. Farther east, the High Plains remained very dry as far south as northwestern Oklahoma and northernmost Texas, but beneficial rain fell on the southernmost Plains. Meanwhile, extremely wet conditions slowed spring fieldwork and caused lowland flooding from northeastern Texas to the southern Ohio Valley. In the Deep South, however, unfavorably dry conditions persisted across southern Texas and Florida's peninsula. In the Midwest, soil moisture ranged from short across the western Corn Belt to adequate or locally excessive in the Ohio Valley. In the East, near-normal precipitation moistened topsoils for pasture and winter grain development, despite underlying long-term drought. March Crop Summary Temperatures averaged below normal across most of the Nation during March, and far below normal in parts of the northern Great Plains. Freezing temperatures, cold winds, and dry soils provided a harsh environment for exposed hard red winter wheat fields throughout the central and northern Great Plains. In the southern Great Plains, lower Mississippi Valley, and along the Gulf Coast, sub-freezing nighttime lows burned the growing tips of small grains, sugarcane, and emerging corn fields. On the Atlantic Coastal Plain, temperatures averaged above normal, but periods of freezing and near-freezing temperatures extended into northern Florida. The cold weather provided beneficial chill hours for fruit trees throughout the Southeast but slowed Florida's citrus bloom. Heavy rain frequently drenched soils and halted fieldwork in the interior Mississippi Delta, as well as the Tennessee and Ohio Valleys and adjacent parts of the Southeast. Widespread, light rainfall occasionally delayed field preparations along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, but provided much-needed topsoil moisture for winter grains and forages. However, subsoil moisture reserves remained very short. Stormy weather continued in the Pacific Northwest, producing heavy coastal rains and additional mountain snow accumulations as far south as central California. Most of the Corn Belt was drier than normal during March. On March 31, one percent of the Nation's winter wheat was headed. Normally, 2 percent of the crop is headed by the end of March. Warm weather promoted growth in the Southeast and Southwest during the final week of March, but cold air prevented development in most of the Great Plains and Corn Belt. Development was most advanced in California and Texas, where 15 and 7 percent, respectively, was headed on March 31. A few fields emerged from dormancy in the central Great Plains and southern Corn Belt, despite the cold weather. Many fields in the Great Plains suffered due to moisture shortages, while fields in the Ohio Valley experienced unfavorably wet conditions. Four percent of the cotton acreage was planted by the end of March, slightly behind last year's pace but equal to the 5-year average. In Texas, field preparations and planting continued where temperatures and topsoil moisture supplies were adequate. Emergence of earlier planted fields was mostly satisfactory. In California, a few fields were planted and others were prepared for planting. Warm, dry weather supported fieldwork and planting in Arizona. Heavy rain prevented late-March field preparations in the lower Mississippi Valley, while mostly dry weather aided field preparations in the Southeast. Spring wheat was 1 percent planted on March 31, slightly behind the 2-percent average for this date. Dry weather and near-normal temperatures provided favorable planting conditions in central Washington, while cooler, wetter conditions limited progress in eastern Washington and Idaho. At the end of March, planting exceeded the 5-year average in Washington, but lagged behind normal in Idaho. Cold weather delayed planting in Minnesota, Montana, and South Dakota. The barley crop was 2 percent seeded at the end of March, behind the 5-year average of 4 percent. Planting progressed behind normal in Idaho and Washington. Cold weather, wet soils, and strong winds contributed to slow planting in eastern Washington and adjacent areas of Idaho. Cold weather prevented planting in Minnesota. Four percent of the oat acreage was seeded on March 31, slightly behind the 5-year average. Dry weather favored seedbed preparation across the northern Corn Belt and adjacent parts of the Great Plains, but cool weather delayed planting progress in most areas. In Pennsylvania, planting exceeded the 5-year average. Nine percent of the rice crop was planted by March 31, slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was nearly 2 weeks ahead of normal in Texas, despite moisture shortages in most areas. Planting was less advanced in Louisiana, but remained ahead of normal, despite widespread rain delays. Wet weather also delayed planting in interior areas of the Mississippi Delta. At the end of March, 12 percent of the sorghum acreage was planted, compared with 13 percent normally seeded by this time. In Texas, field preparations and planting remained ahead of normal, even though rain and wet soils slowed progress in some areas and soils were too dry for planting in other areas. Emergence was spotty and uneven in many fields due to moisture shortages. On March 31, two percent of the sugarbeet acreage was planted in Idaho, but 14 percent would normally be planted by this date. In the Red River Valley, the planting season normally begins after mid-April. Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2001-02 grapefruit crop for the United States is 2.50 million tons, virtually unchanged from the March 1 forecast but 1 percent higher than the previous season. The Florida grapefruit forecast is 47.0 million boxes (2.00 million tons), unchanged from the previous forecast but 2 percent above last season. The all white grapefruit forecast continues at 19.0 million boxes (808,000 tons). The colored seedless utilization is forecast at 28.0 million boxes (1.19 million tons), the same as the March 1 forecast but 3 percent more than the previous season. Loss from droppage is below average and fruit size continues to be the smallest in the nine-season series. Approximately 60 percent of the crop has been harvested. The Texas grapefruit forecast is 7.10 million boxes (284,000 tons), 3 percent less than the January 1 forecast and 1 percent lower than last season's final utilization. Fruit quality and size are better than last season. The California grapefruit forecast increased to 6.40 million boxes (214,000 tons), 3 percent more than the previous forecast but 2 percent below the final 2000-01 utilization. Desert area harvesting continues. Fruit quality is good to excellent with fairly uniform shape and smooth texture. Arizona's grapefruit forecast remains at 200,000 boxes (6,700 tons), 20 percent less than last season. Harvest is well underway. Fruit size is average and good quality is evident. Tangerines: The 2001-02 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 424,000 tons, up 2 percent from the March 1 forecast and 15 percent higher than last season's utilization of 369,000 tons. Florida's tangerine forecast is increased to 6.60 million boxes (314,000 tons), 3 percent higher than the last forecast and 18 percent above last season. Harvest is virtually complete on the early season tangerines. The later season Honey tangerine harvest is winding down as it approaches the 90 percent complete mark. Utilization to date is ahead of last season's pace. California's forecast of tangerine production is 2.30 million boxes (86,000 tons), unchanged from the January forecast but 10 percent above last season. Minneola tangerines are dominating harvesting activity at this time. Quality and color are good. The Arizona forecast of tangerine production remains at 650,000 boxes (24,000 tons), the same as last season. Fruit size is small but quality is good. Harvest is beginning to wind down across the State. Lemons: The 2001-02 lemon forecast for the United States remains at 954,000 tons, unchanged from the January 1 forecast. If realized, it will be down 5 percent from last season. California production is forecast at 22.0 million boxes (836,000 tons), the same as in January but 3 percent less than the previous season. Harvest is virtually done in the desert area, winding down in the Central Valley, and 40 percent complete in the south coast areas. Desert area fruit quality has been very good, but Central Valley and south coast area fruit were somewhat affected by lack of rain and frost damage. The Arizona lemon crop is forecast at 3.10 million boxes (118,000 tons), the same as the January forecast but down 14 percent from last season. Fruit size is larger than last season and in good to very good condition. Harvest is virtually complete. Tangelos: Florida's 2001-02 tangelo forecast is reduced to 2.15 million boxes (97,000 tons), down 2 percent from the March 1 forecast but 2 percent more than last season's utilized production. The downward adjustment is based on the estimated utilization to date and the small amount of movement in March. Temples: Florida's 2001-02 Temple forecast is 1.50 million boxes (68,000 tons), unchanged from the previous forecast. If realized, it will be the second smallest crop ever recorded, but 20 percent higher than the record low 1.25 million boxes (56,000 tons) utilized last season. K-Early Citrus: The K-Early Citrus Fruit forecast for 2001-02 remains at 30,000 boxes (1,350 tons), unchanged from the March 1 forecast but 10,000 boxes fewer than last season. If realized, this will be the smallest crop of record. Florida Citrus: March was abnormally dry, windy, and warm in Florida's citrus producing areas. Only a few coastal counties received average rainfall. Virtually every other location received below average rainfall during the month. Growers have been using all types of irrigation equipment to keep trees in good condition during the bloom cycle. By the end of the month, the bloom had been completed. Harvest of early and midseason oranges was complete by month's end. Movement of the late type Valencia oranges rapidly increased with most of the fruit going to the processors. Grapefruit movement also increased during March with the additional labor available from the early orange picking crews. Temple, tangerine, and tangelo harvests slowed by April 1 as supplies were running low. Most well cared for groves and trees are in very good condition. Caretakers have been cutting cover crops, hedging, topping, pushing, and burning dead trees. Resets are being planted in some of the larger groves. Many older groves that have sour orange rootstock have a lot of dead trees that have been infected with the citrus Tristeza virus. This disease has been very active in the older citrus growing areas where sour orange rootstock was widely used. Texas Citrus: Harvest started late this season for grapefruit but is on schedule for oranges. Fruit quality and size are better than last year. Cold temperatures which occurred the first few days of January did not last long enough to damage any fruit. Although the water supply is better than last season, there are still limited supplies in the Rio Grande Valley. California Citrus: Strong spring growth was evident in citrus groves due to the warm weather late in March. The Navel orange harvest continued throughout the month. Valencia oranges were harvested in Fresno, Tulare, and Kern County groves. Grapefruit picking was ongoing in the desert and in the San Joaquin Valley. Lemons and Minneola tangelos were also picked throughout March. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Seasonal cultural activities such as weed control, cultivation, and irrigation continued in orchards and vineyards. New orchards and vineyards were replanted where older trees and vines had been removed. Grape growers irrigated, mowed cover crops, cultivated, and applied herbicides in vineyards. Grape pruning and vine tying activities were winding down by mid-March. Bud break occurred in grape vineyards and new shoots were growing rapidly by month's end. Stonefruit orchards progressed through the bloom and leafing stages and were setting fruit by April 1. There was some freeze damage in almond orchards in the Sacramento Valley. Walnut and pecan trees began pushing buds. Strawberry fields were irrigated and weeded. The strawberry plants were spreading and blooming. Winter Potatoes: Production of 2002 winter potatoes in California and Florida combined for an estimated 3.68 million cwt, down 5 percent from the January forecast and 11 percent below last year. Area for harvest, at 13,500 acres, is down 4 percent from a year ago. The average yield of 272 cwt per acre, is down 22 cwt from a year ago. Cold weather damaged the California winter potato crop and shipments tailed off in March. Prices have risen sharply as the shortfall widens. In Florida, this year's production is well above the previous year's rain damaged crop. Digging continued at a normal pace in February and March with most acreage escaping harm from early January and mid-March freezes. Spring Potatoes: Spring production in 2002 is forecast at 21.6 million cwt, down 1 percent from last year. Area for harvest is estimated at 76,700 acres, also down 1 percent. The average yield is forecast at 282 cwt per acre, down 4 cwt from a year ago. Spring potato production in Florida is forecast at 7.37 million cwt, down 8 percent from a year ago. Florida's spring harvested acreage is up 2 percent, but average yields are forecast to be down 29 cwt per acre from last year. Cold temperatures burnt the tops of plants in the Hastings area, hurting yields. Harvest is expected to begin in two to three weeks. North Carolina's planting is behind normal with about 85 percent of the crop in the ground by the end of March. Early fields have emerged. Production is forecast at 3.41 million cwt, down 3 percent from last year. The Texas spring potato crop is forecast at 1.52 million cwt, down 27 percent from a year ago. Freeze damage in late February and early March have hurt yields. Spring potato production in Arizona is forecast at 2.11 million cwt, 5 percent less than a year ago. Some frost damage occurred in Arizona affecting the crop. California's spring production forecast, at 7.20 million cwt, is 19 percent above last year, mainly on the strength of higher acreage estimates. Summer Potatoes, 2001 Revisions: The final estimate of 2001 crop summer potato production is 18.1 million cwt, the same as the preliminary estimate in the January Annual Crop Production Summary but down 6 percent from 2000. Harvested acreage covered 58,600 acres, down 7 percent, while the average yield of 309 cwt per acre gained 5 cwt from 2000. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization in March 2002 is estimated at 3.37 million pounds, 7 percent higher than last month, but 27 percent lower than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,485 acres, 3 percent lower than last month and 13 percent less than a year ago. Harvested area totaled 1,935 acres, up 4 percent from last month, but 4 percent less than March 2001. Weather conditions in March were variable. Most weeks were cloudy and rainfall was heavy at times. Wet conditions have increased the incidence of some diseases. Periods of sunshine allowed farmers to catch up on field activities such as spraying for disease control. Peanuts, 2001 Revisions: U.S. peanut production in 2001 totaled 4.28 billion pounds, up 31 percent from the 2000 crop and up 1 percent from the January estimate. Planted area totaled 1.54 million acres, up less than 1 percent from 2000. Harvested acreage totaled 1.41 million acres, an increase of 6 percent from 2000. The U.S. yield per harvested acre averaged a record high of 3,029 pounds, up 585 pounds from 2000. Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) totaled 2.52 billion pounds, up 37 percent from 2000. Yield in the 4-State area averaged 3,135 pounds, up 742 pounds from a year earlier. Georgia remained the leading peanut producer with 40 percent of the total U.S. peanut production. Virginia and North Carolina growers produced 591 million pounds of peanuts in 2001, up 8 percent from 2000. Yields averaged 2,994 pounds, 223 pounds above 2000. The Southwest crop (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) totaled 1.16 billion pounds, 33 percent above the 2000 total. Area harvested in the 3-State region was up 11 percent from a year ago. Yields averaged 2,837 pounds per acre, 462 pounds above the 2000 average. The 2001 marketing year average price received by farmers for peanuts was 23.4 cents per pound, down 4.0 cents per pound from 2000. The value of production for the 2001 crop totaled $1.00 billion, up 12 percent from a year ago. Reliability of April 1 Orange Forecast Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the April 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which produces about 75 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona, California, and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These four States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published April 1 forecast. Revision Policy: The April 1 production forecasts will not be revised. A new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates will be published in September's Citrus Fruits Summary. The production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the April 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the April 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the April 1 orange production forecast is 3.3 percent. This means that chances are two out of three that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 3.3 percent. Chances are nine out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 5.8 percent. Changes between the April 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 203,000 tons, ranging from 1,000 tons to 716,000 tons. The April 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times. The difference does not imply that the April 1 forecasts this year are likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127 Darin Jantzi - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye, Hay (202) 720-8068 Dave DeWalt - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Mark R. Miller - Peanuts, Rice, Barley (202) 720-7688 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Arvin Budge - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Jim Smith - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-2127 Debbie Flippin - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas (202) 720-3250 Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288 Jim Smith - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-2127 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Betty Johnston - Nuts, Floriculture, Nursery(202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on May 10, 2002. 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