Cr Pr 2-2 (6-04) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released June 10, 2004, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 1 Percent from May All Orange Production Unchanged Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.53 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and 10 percent below 2003. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 43.6 bushels per acre, down 0.6 bushel from the previous forecast. Grain area totals 35.1 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Hard Red production is down 3 percent from a month ago to 887 million bushels. Soft Red is down less than 1 percent from last month, and now totals 397 million bushels. White production totals 247 million bushels, up 2 percent from last month. The U.S. all orange June 1 forecast for the 2003-04 crop is 13.1 million tons, unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 14 percent above last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast, at 245 million boxes (11.0 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 21 percent above the previous season. Early and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 126 million boxes (5.67 million tons), unchanged from last month but 13 percent above the previous season. Harvest of the early and midseason varieties is complete. Florida's Valencia forecast is 119 million boxes (5.36 million tons), unchanged from the May forecast but 31 percent above last season's final utilization. The monthly row count survey indicates 87 percent of the Valencia crop harvested. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried over from April 1. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield projection is increased from 1.55 to 1.56 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.45 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is raised from 1.67 to 1.70 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume that the processing relationships this year will be similar to those of the past several years. This report was approved on June 10, 2004. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Keith J. Collins Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Rich Allen Contents Page Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Cherries, Sweet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Maple Syrup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Papayas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Peaches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Pears, Bartlett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Reliability of Production Data in this Report. . . . . . . . . .30 Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Sugarcane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, by Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Wheat, Winter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2004 : : : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 :-------------------: 2003 : 2004 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AR : 570 630 50.0 51.0 51.0 28,500 32,130 CA : 370 310 61.0 75.0 75.0 22,570 23,250 CO : 2,200 1,800 35.0 30.0 30.0 77,000 54,000 DE : 47 43 41.0 63.0 63.0 1,927 2,709 GA : 230 200 46.0 40.0 43.0 10,580 8,600 ID : 720 680 80.0 81.0 81.0 57,600 55,080 IL : 810 970 65.0 62.0 58.0 52,650 56,260 IN : 430 420 69.0 63.0 65.0 29,670 27,300 KS : 10,000 9,000 48.0 41.0 39.0 480,000 351,000 KY : 330 350 62.0 65.0 62.0 20,460 21,700 MD : 145 145 37.0 61.0 63.0 5,365 9,135 MI : 660 620 68.0 69.0 70.0 44,880 43,400 MS : 125 205 49.0 51.0 51.0 6,125 10,455 MO : 870 950 61.0 55.0 55.0 53,070 52,250 MT : 1,720 1,600 37.0 33.0 34.0 63,640 54,400 NE : 1,820 1,850 46.0 39.0 35.0 83,720 64,750 NY : 120 97 53.0 55.0 51.0 6,360 4,947 NC : 410 480 36.0 45.0 47.0 14,760 22,560 OH : 1,000 880 68.0 68.0 67.0 68,000 58,960 OK : 4,600 4,300 39.0 36.0 37.0 179,400 159,100 OR : 940 840 51.0 53.0 59.0 47,940 49,560 PA : 165 135 43.0 50.0 50.0 7,095 6,750 SC : 185 180 39.0 40.0 44.0 7,215 7,920 SD : 1,380 1,440 43.0 38.0 35.0 59,340 50,400 TN : 270 270 50.0 53.0 53.0 13,500 14,310 TX : 3,450 3,600 28.0 33.0 33.0 96,600 118,800 VA : 160 155 46.0 63.0 63.0 7,360 9,765 WA : 1,800 1,700 65.0 63.0 64.0 117,000 108,800 WY : 145 135 27.0 25.0 22.0 3,915 2,970 : Oth : Sts 1/: 869 1,097 47.0 45.1 45.1 40,827 49,481 : US : 36,541 35,082 46.7 44.2 43.6 1,707,069 1,530,742 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2004 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2004 : : : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 :-------------------: 2003 : 2004 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 115 105 100.0 100.0 100.0 11,500 10,500 CA : 115 105 100.0 100.0 85.0 11,500 8,925 MT : 630 23.0 14,490 ND : 1,980 29.5 58,410 : Oth : Sts 2/: 29 25.4 737 : US : 2,869 33.7 96,637 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2004. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2004. 2/ Other States include MN and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2004 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring 2/ : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2002 : 620,328 320,968 195,705 351,439 37,478 79,960 1,605,878 2003 :1,062,889 379,196 264,984 499,926 32,894 96,637 2,336,526 2004 : 886,897 396,768 247,077 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. 2/ Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2004. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 55,500 62,000 65,000 OR : 31,000 38,000 43,000 WA : 87,000 116,000 135,000 : Total : 173,500 216,000 243,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, MT, NY, PA, and UT and tart cherries in CO, MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, WA, and WI will be published in the "Cherry Production" report released on June 24, 2004. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and Total, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : CA : All : 1,920.0 1,870.0 1,950.0 Clingstone 1/ : 1,124.0 1,072.0 1,150.0 Freestone : 796.0 798.0 800.0 GA : 90.0 120.0 100.0 SC : 160.0 100.0 140.0 : Total : 2,170.0 2,090.0 2,190.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 2001-2002, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2001-02 : 2002-03 : 2003-04 : 2001-02 : 2002-03 : 2003-04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 270 200 260 10 8 10 CA 4/ : 32,000 41,000 39,000 1,200 1,538 1,463 FL : 128,000 112,000 126,000 5,760 5,040 5,670 TX 4/ : 1,530 1,350 1,450 65 57 62 US : 161,800 154,550 166,710 7,035 6,643 7,205 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 250 270 280 9 10 11 CA 4/ : 19,500 20,500 15,000 731 769 563 FL : 102,000 91,000 119,000 4,590 4,095 5,355 TX 4/ : 210 220 230 9 9 10 US : 121,960 111,990 134,510 5,339 4,883 5,939 All : AZ 4/ : 520 470 540 19 18 21 CA 4/ : 51,500 61,500 54,000 1,931 2,307 2,026 FL : 230,000 203,000 245,000 10,350 9,135 11,025 TX 4/ : 1,740 1,570 1,680 74 66 72 US : 283,760 266,540 301,220 12,374 11,526 13,144 Temples : FL : 1,550 1,300 1,400 70 59 63 Grapefruit : White Seedless 5/ : FL : 18,900 16,200 15,900 803 689 676 Colored Seedless : FL : 27,800 22,500 24,900 1,182 956 1,058 All : AZ 4/ : 160 130 100 5 4 3 CA 4/ : 5,900 5,600 5,400 198 188 181 FL : 46,700 38,700 40,800 1,985 1,645 1,734 TX 4/ : 5,900 5,650 5,400 236 226 216 US : 58,660 50,080 51,700 2,424 2,063 2,134 Tangerines : AZ 4/ 6/ : 620 430 600 23 16 23 CA 4/ 6/ : 2,200 2,500 2,400 83 94 90 FL 7/ : 6,600 5,500 6,500 314 261 309 US : 9,420 8,430 9,500 420 371 422 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 2,800 3,000 3,000 106 114 114 CA : 18,300 24,000 23,000 695 912 874 US : 21,100 27,000 26,000 801 1,026 988 Tangelos : FL : 2,150 2,350 1,000 97 106 45 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5/ Includes seedy. 6/ Includes tangelos and tangors. 7/ 2001-02 includes Robinson, Fallglo, Sunburst, Dancy, and Honey varieties; 2002-03 through 2003-04 includes Fallglo, Sunburst, and Honey varieties only. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 232,000 201,000 215,000 OR : 58,000 61,000 62,000 WA : 158,000 196,000 175,000 : Total : 448,000 458,000 452,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Prunes (Dried Basis) 1/ : 172,000 181,000 70,000 : Apricots : 85,000 92,500 90,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2003 revised. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2003-2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Apr : 2,250 2,110 1,735 1,160 3,485 2,640 May : 2,175 2,100 1,740 1,160 3,040 2,435 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized fresh production. Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States, 2002-2003 and Forecasted June 1, 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested :Strung for Harvest and :-------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres : ID : Total 1/ : 3,399 3,429 3,505 : OR : Cascade : 217 - 91 Glacier : - 245 243 Golding : - 95 105 Liberty : 36 - - Millenium : 421 - 264 Mt. Hood : 243 217 215 Nugget : 1,967 1,529 1,286 Perle : 452 450 259 Sterling : 86 84 222 Willamette : 1,912 2,224 2,175 : Other Varieties : 243 904 247 : Total : 5,577 5,748 5,107 : WA : Cascade : 1,216 2,120 1,460 Chelan : 295 180 201 Chinook : 422 453 490 Cluster : 480 430 467 Columbus/Tomahawk : 3,663 2,738 2,988 Galena : 3,239 2,856 3,412 Golding : 26 22 36 Hallertauer : 76 53 46 Horizon : 337 135 35 Millenium : 1,455 1,386 1,126 Mt. Hood : 107 32 39 Northern Brewer : 97 65 65 Nugget : 1,288 918 719 Perle : 124 104 47 Tettnanger : 48 - - Tillicum : 194 194 - Willamette : 3,639 3,645 3,543 YCR-5(WarriorTM) : 988 1,242 811 Zeus : 2,265 2,333 2,899 : Other Varieties : 374 586 950 : Total : 20,333 19,492 19,334 : US : 29,309 28,669 27,946 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beginning with the 2002 crop, only State totals will be published for Idaho to avoid disclosure of individual operations. - Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2002-2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 2/ : 2002 : 2003 2/ : 2002 : 2003 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 50.2 50.8 49.5 50.2 39.6 36.5 CO : 43.9 28.6 39.5 27.4 20.1 23.5 ID : 212.0 208.0 210.0 207.0 24.3 29.2 MI : 179.0 179.0 177.0 178.0 18.1 19.1 MN : 505.0 492.0 476.0 487.0 18.6 20.6 MT : 58.0 51.7 55.9 51.5 19.6 25.4 NE : 57.0 45.3 42.0 42.4 18.1 20.3 ND : 265.0 259.0 258.0 255.0 18.6 20.4 OH : 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 20.6 24.2 OR : 11.3 10.0 11.0 9.8 27.4 30.7 WA : 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 35.0 40.3 WY : 40.0 35.0 36.0 33.7 18.3 22.3 : US : 1,427.3 1,365.4 1,360.7 1,347.9 20.4 22.7 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 2/ : 2002 : 2003 3/ : 2002 2/ : 2003 3/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 1,960 1,832 35.10 68,796 CO : 794 644 36.80 29,219 ID : 5,103 6,044 41.60 212,285 MI : 3,204 3,400 38.20 122,393 MN : 8,854 10,032 38.00 336,452 MT : 1,096 1,308 41.00 44,936 NE : 760 861 40.00 30,400 ND : 4,799 5,202 41.00 196,759 OH : 37 46 38.90 1,439 OR : 301 301 41.60 12,522 WA : 140 161 41.60 5,824 WY : 659 752 42.30 27,876 : US : 27,707 30,583 39.30 1,088,901 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central CA and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 30, 2004. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2005. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2002-2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 2/ : 2002 : 2003 2/ : 2002 : 2003 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 442.0 419.0 38.3 39.3 16,929 16,467 HI : 21.3 19.9 99.0 102.0 2,109 2,030 LA : 465.0 450.0 28.3 26.2 13,160 11,790 TX : 43.6 43.8 39.1 37.9 1,705 1,660 : US : 971.9 932.7 34.9 34.3 33,903 31,947 : For Seed : FL : 19.0 19.0 38.1 40.2 724 764 HI : 1.4 1.4 35.5 37.3 50 52 LA : 30.0 40.0 28.3 26.2 849 1,048 TX : 0.9 1.3 30.0 35.7 27 46 : US : 51.3 61.7 32.2 31.0 1,650 1,910 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 461.0 438.0 38.3 39.3 17,653 17,231 HI : 22.7 21.3 95.1 97.7 2,159 2,082 LA : 495.0 490.0 28.3 26.2 14,009 12,838 TX : 44.5 45.1 38.9 37.8 1,732 1,706 : US : 1,023.2 994.4 34.7 34.0 35,553 33,857 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 :2003 4/ : 2002 : 2003 4/ : 2002 : 2003 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 31.70 536,649 559,600 HI : 30.50 64,325 65,850 LA : 23.50 309,260 329,212 TX : 30.30 51,662 52,480 : US : 28.40 961,896 1,007,142 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 30, 2004. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2005. Maple Syrup: Taps, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2003-2004 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of Taps : Yield per Tap : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Taps -- ---- Gallons --- 1,000 Gallons : CT : 62 62 0.161 0.177 10 11 ME : 1,295 1,290 0.220 0.225 285 290 MA : 220 235 0.168 0.213 37 50 MI : 360 370 0.164 0.216 59 80 NH : 350 360 0.171 0.231 60 83 NY : 1,340 1,345 0.157 0.190 210 255 OH : 387 405 0.132 0.193 51 78 PA : 383 404 0.136 0.149 52 60 VT : 2,030 2,100 0.207 0.238 420 500 WI : 400 385 0.190 0.260 76 100 : US : 6,827 6,956 0.185 0.217 1,260 1,507 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2003 revised. Maple Syrup: Price and Value by State and United States, 2002-2003 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------- : Average Price : Value of : per Gallon : Production State :------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 ---------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars --- 1,000 Dollars : CT : 47.20 48.60 472 486 ME : 19.40 22.50 5,335 6,413 MA : 39.50 41.90 1,896 1,550 MI : 32.50 31.20 2,438 1,841 NH : 41.10 43.00 3,411 2,580 NY : 26.30 26.80 6,838 5,628 OH : 32.30 35.10 2,423 1,790 PA : 26.70 27.40 1,602 1,425 VT : 27.00 27.80 13,770 11,676 WI : 29.30 29.10 2,315 2,212 : US : 27.50 28.30 40,500 35,601 ---------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 2002 are revised. Price and value for 2004 are not available until June, 2005. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 2002-2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale : Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- -- Percent -- -- Percent -- : CT : 85 70 10 20 5 10 ME : 5 10 5 5 90 85 MA : 50 60 30 30 20 10 MI : 65 44 15 44 20 12 NH : 70 70 15 10 15 20 NY : 39 37 21 24 40 39 OH : 76 72 6 11 18 17 PA : 45 43 19 18 36 39 VT : 25 30 15 10 60 60 WI : 42 38 24 22 34 40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 2002-2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :37.50 36.90 21.20 21.00 11.80 12.30 7.30 7.50 4.60 4.70 ME :34.00 35.70 18.60 19.20 10.50 11.00 6.50 7.10 4.20 4.90 MA :35.00 35.00 20.40 20.10 12.30 12.10 7.90 7.50 5.20 5.00 MI :31.00 33.10 17.50 18.60 10.10 10.10 6.00 6.10 4.10 4.40 NH :33.30 34.60 19.00 20.10 11.30 11.80 6.80 7.20 4.10 4.20 NY :29.70 30.20 17.70 17.80 9.90 10.40 6.50 6.50 4.20 4.30 OH :29.80 29.40 17.80 17.40 10.20 10.20 6.30 7.10 4.10 4.30 PA :29.10 28.80 16.50 17.50 9.70 10.00 5.70 6.00 3.60 3.80 VT :31.40 31.70 18.20 18.70 11.30 11.50 7.10 7.10 4.50 4.60 WI :27.80 28.40 15.50 15.30 8.50 8.30 5.30 4.95 3.30 3.15 : Wholesale : CT :30.30 31.30 16.80 16.70 9.20 9.00 5.20 5.30 3.40 3.00 ME :28.20 28.50 16.80 16.90 8.40 8.30 4.80 4.90 3.00 2.90 MA :25.80 27.20 16.50 16.80 9.10 9.20 5.70 5.60 3.80 3.40 MI :25.00 27.50 15.30 14.90 8.70 8.50 4.90 4.80 3.40 3.70 NH :28.30 27.60 17.20 17.00 10.40 9.60 5.60 5.50 3.50 3.40 NY :26.90 25.50 14.80 14.70 8.00 8.00 4.70 4.80 2.90 3.00 OH 2/ :24.10 24.10 14.30 15.80 9.20 9.00 5.60 4.70 3.20 PA :27.00 27.20 16.00 15.70 8.70 8.30 4.90 4.80 3.20 2.90 VT :25.00 27.80 16.20 17.10 9.30 9.60 5.40 5.80 3.40 3.60 WI :26.40 27.70 14.50 15.20 7.90 8.30 4.50 4.50 2.80 2.85 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT 2/ : 47.20 48.60 ME : 1.50 1.60 16.50 17.60 19.40 22.50 MA : 1.50 1.30 16.50 14.30 39.50 41.90 MI : 1.50 1.90 16.80 20.90 32.50 31.20 NH : 1.40 1.40 15.40 15.40 41.10 43.00 NY : 1.30 1.30 14.30 14.50 26.30 26.80 OH : 1.45 1.60 16.00 17.80 32.30 35.10 PA : 1.30 1.05 13.80 11.60 26.70 27.40 VT : 1.70 1.60 18.70 17.60 27.00 27.80 WI : 1.40 1.50 15.00 16.60 29.30 29.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for 2002 are revised. 2/ Data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2002-2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 CA : 10.4 10.7 10.4 10.7 LA : 21.0 19.0 15.0 18.0 MS : 16.0 14.0 12.3 13.6 NJ : 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 NC : 40.0 43.0 37.0 42.0 SC : 1.7 1.4 0.8 1.0 TX : 2.8 3.4 2.5 3.2 VA : 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 : US : 96.4 95.8 82.3 92.6 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2003 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Cwt ------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 185 190 481 475 CA : 280 300 2,912 3,210 LA : 125 175 1,875 3,150 MS : 160 175 1,968 2,380 NJ : 125 125 150 138 NC : 130 140 4,810 5,880 SC : 85 150 68 150 TX : 180 140 450 448 VA : 170 120 85 60 : US : 156 172 12,799 15,891 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2003 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2003-2004 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 5,299.0 4,683.0 4,688.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 78,736.0 79,004.0 71,139.0 Corn for Silage : 6,528.0 Hay, All : 63,342.0 63,731.0 Alfalfa : 23,578.0 All Other : 39,764.0 Oats : 4,601.0 4,312.0 2,224.0 2,067.0 Proso Millet : 730.0 620.0 Rice : 3,022.0 3,260.0 2,997.0 Rye : 1,368.0 339.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 9,420.0 8,600.0 7,798.0 Sorghum for Silage : 343.0 Wheat, All : 61,700.0 59,462.0 52,839.0 Winter : 44,945.0 43,372.0 36,541.0 35,082.0 Durum : 2,915.0 2,757.0 2,869.0 Other Spring : 13,840.0 13,333.0 13,429.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,082.0 965.0 1,068.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 595.0 583.0 Mustard Seed : 110.0 107.0 Peanuts : 1,344.0 1,366.0 1,312.0 Rapeseed : 1.3 1.2 Safflower : 221.0 212.0 Soybeans for Beans : 73,404.0 75,411.0 72,321.0 Sunflower : 2,344.0 2,086.0 2,197.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 13,479.6 14,401.6 12,003.4 Upland : 13,301.0 14,175.0 11,826.0 Amer-Pima : 178.6 226.6 177.4 Sugarbeets : 1,365.4 1,358.6 1,347.9 Sugarcane : 994.4 Tobacco : 411.2 414.6 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 21.1 15.6 Dry Edible Beans : 1,406.1 1,333.0 1,346.9 Dry Edible Peas : 337.5 328.5 Lentils : 246.0 237.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 5.9 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.2 Hops : 28.7 27.9 Peppermint Oil : 78.2 Potatoes, All : 1,274.5 1,250.0 Winter : 14.6 14.2 14.3 14.0 Spring : 88.6 73.5 84.7 71.7 Summer : 63.7 59.0 Fall : 1,107.6 1,092.0 Spearmint Oil : 15.8 Sweet Potatoes : 95.8 98.3 92.6 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2003-2004 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Unit :------------------------------------------- : : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley : Bu : 58.9 276,087 Corn for Grain : " : 142.2 10,113,887 Corn for Silage : Ton : 16.2 105,864 Hay, All : " : 2.48 157,123 Alfalfa : " : 3.24 76,307 All Other : " : 2.03 80,816 Oats : Bu : 65.0 144,649 Proso Millet : " : 18.5 11,450 Rice 2/ : Cwt : 6,645 199,157 Rye : Bu : 27.3 9,254 Sorghum for Grain : " : 52.7 411,237 Sorghum for Silage : Ton : 10.4 3,552 Wheat, All : Bu : 44.2 2,336,526 Winter : " : 46.7 43.6 1,707,069 1,530,742 Durum : " : 33.7 96,637 Other Spring : " : 39.7 532,820 : : Oilseeds : : Canola : Lb : 1,416 1,512,250 Cottonseed 3/ : Ton : 6,664.6 Flaxseed : Bu : 17.9 10,426 Mustard Seed : Lb : 723 77,372 Peanuts : " : 3,159 4,144,150 Rapeseed : " : 949 1,139 Safflower : " : 1,286 272,555 Soybeans for Beans : Bu : 33.4 2,417,565 Sunflower : Lb : 1,213 2,665,226 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ : Bale: 730 18,255.2 Upland 2/ : " : 723 17,822.9 Amer-Pima 2/ : " : 1,170 432.3 Sugarbeets : Ton : 22.7 30,583 Sugarcane : " : 34.0 33,857 Tobacco : Lb : 1,952 802,654 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ : Cwt : 1,115 174 Dry Edible Beans 2/ : " : 1,672 22,515 Dry Edible Peas 2/ : " : 1,584 5,202 Lentils 2/ : " : 1,030 2,442 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : " : 673 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) : Lb : 1,470 8,700 Ginger Root (HI) : " : 37,500 6,000 Hops : " : 1,903 54,565.1 Peppermint Oil : " : 89 6,924 Potatoes, All : Cwt : 367 458,854 Winter : " : 282 250 4,027 3,500 Spring : " : 288 266 24,433 19,077 Summer : " : 322 19,008 Fall : " : 377 411,386 Spearmint Oil : Lb : 113 1,778 Sweet Potatoes : Cwt : 172 15,891 Taro (HI) 3/ : Lb : 5,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2002-2004 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Unit :-------------------------------------------- : : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Ton : 2,424 2,063 2,134 K-Early Citrus (FL) 3/: " : 1 Lemons : " : 801 1,026 988 Oranges : " : 12,374 11,526 13,144 Tangelos (FL) : " : 97 106 45 Tangerines : " : 420 371 422 Temples (FL) : " : 70 59 63 : : Noncitrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 8,523.9 9,014.6 Apricots : Ton : 90.0 97.9 Bananas (HI) : Lb : 20,000.0 22,500.0 Grapes : Ton : 7,338.9 6,477.9 Olives (CA) : " : 103.0 118.0 Papayas (HI) : Lbs : 45,900.0 42,600.0 Peaches : 1,000 Lbs: 2,535.0 2,523.1 Pears : Ton : 890.0 923.1 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 172.0 181.0 70.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 15.7 16.9 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lb : 1,090,000 1,040,000 1,100,000 Hazelnuts : Ton : 19.5 35.0 Pecans : Lb : 172,900 262,200 Pistachios (CA) : " : 303,000 116,000 Walnuts (CA) : Ton : 282.0 325.0 Maple Syrup : Gal : 1,475 1,260 1,507 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Production years are 2001-2002, 2002-2003, and 2003-2004. 3/ Estimates discontinued as of the 2002-2003 crop. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2003-2004 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 2,144,450 1,895,160 1,897,190 Corn for Grain 2/ :31,863,670 31,972,130 28,789,240 Corn for Silage : 2,641,820 Hay, All 3/ : 25,633,870 25,791,300 Alfalfa : 9,541,780 All Other : 16,092,090 Oats : 1,861,980 1,745,020 900,030 836,490 Proso Millet : 295,420 250,910 Rice : 1,222,970 1,319,290 1,212,860 Rye : 553,620 137,190 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,812,180 3,480,330 3,155,770 Sorghum for Silage : 138,810 Wheat, All 3/ :24,969,370 24,063,680 21,383,410 Winter :18,188,790 17,552,210 14,787,780 14,197,330 Durum : 1,179,670 1,115,730 1,161,060 Other Spring : 5,600,910 5,395,730 5,434,580 : Oilseeds : Canola : 437,870 390,530 432,210 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 240,790 235,930 Mustard Seed : 44,520 43,300 Peanuts : 543,900 552,810 530,950 Rapeseed : 530 490 Safflower : 89,440 85,790 Soybeans for Beans :29,705,860 30,518,080 29,267,590 Sunflower : 948,590 844,180 889,100 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 5,455,060 5,828,180 4,857,660 Upland : 5,382,780 5,736,480 4,785,860 Amer-Pima : 72,280 91,700 71,790 Sugarbeets : 552,560 549,810 545,480 Sugarcane : 402,420 Tobacco : 166,390 167,760 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 8,540 6,310 Dry Edible Beans : 569,030 539,450 545,080 Dry Edible Peas : 136,580 132,940 Lentils : 99,550 95,910 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,390 Ginger Root (HI) : 60 Hops : 11,600 11,310 Peppermint Oil : 31,650 Potatoes, All 3/ : 515,780 505,860 Winter : 5,910 5,750 5,790 5,670 Spring : 35,860 29,740 34,280 29,020 Summer : 25,780 23,880 Fall : 448,230 441,920 Spearmint Oil : 6,390 Sweet Potatoes : 38,770 39,780 37,470 Taro (HI) 4/ : 170 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2003-2004 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2003 : 2004 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.17 6,011,080 Corn for Grain : 8.92 256,904,560 Corn for Silage : 36.35 96,038,210 Hay, All 2/ : 5.56 142,539,590 Alfalfa : 7.25 69,224,550 All Other : 4.56 73,315,040 Oats : 2.33 2,099,570 Proso Millet : 1.03 259,680 Rice : 7.45 9,033,610 Rye : 1.71 235,060 Sorghum for Grain : 3.31 10,445,900 Sorghum for Silage : 23.21 3,222,320 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.97 63,589,820 Winter : 3.14 2.93 46,458,800 41,659,970 Durum : 2.27 2,630,030 Other Spring : 2.67 14,500,980 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.59 685,950 Cottonseed 3/ : 6,046,020 Flaxseed : 1.12 264,830 Mustard Seed : 0.81 35,100 Peanuts : 3.54 1,879,750 Rapeseed : 1.06 520 Safflower : 1.44 123,630 Soybeans for Beans : 2.25 65,795,340 Sunflower : 1.36 1,208,930 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.82 3,974,600 Upland : 0.81 3,880,480 Amer-Pima : 1.31 94,120 Sugarbeets : 50.86 27,744,430 Sugarcane : 76.32 30,714,550 Tobacco : 2.19 364,080 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.25 7,890 Dry Edible Beans : 1.87 1,021,260 Dry Edible Peas : 1.77 235,960 Lentils : 1.15 110,770 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : 30,530 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.65 3,950 Ginger Root (HI) : 42.03 2,720 Hops : 2.13 24,750 Peppermint Oil : 0.10 3,140 Potatoes, All 2/ : 41.14 20,813,270 Winter : 31.56 28.02 182,660 158,760 Spring : 32.33 29.82 1,108,260 865,320 Summer : 36.11 862,190 Fall : 42.23 18,660,160 Spearmint Oil : 0.13 810 Sweet Potatoes : 19.23 720,800 Taro (HI) 3/ : 2,270 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2002-2004 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 2,199,020 1,871,520 1,935,930 K-Early Citrus (FL) 3/ : 910 Lemons : 726,650 930,770 896,300 Oranges : 11,225,500 10,456,210 11,924,040 Tangelos (FL) : 88,000 96,160 40,820 Tangerines : 381,020 336,570 382,830 Temples (FL) : 63,500 53,520 57,150 : Noncitrus : Apples : 3,866,380 4,088,950 Apricots : 81,680 88,800 Bananas (HI) : 9,070 10,210 Grapes : 6,657,740 5,876,650 Olives (CA) : 93,440 107,050 Papayas (HI) : 20,820 19,320 Peaches : 1,149,860 1,144,460 Pears : 807,410 837,380 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 156,040 164,200 63,500 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 14,200 15,330 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) : 494,420 471,740 498,950 Hazelnuts : 17,690 31,750 Pecans : 78,430 118,930 Pistachios (CA) : 137,440 52,620 Walnuts (CA) : 255,830 294,840 Maple Syrup : 7,370 6,300 7,530 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2004 crop year. 2/ Production years are 2001-2002, 2002-2003, and 2003-2004. 3/ Estimates discontinued as of the 2002-03 crop. May Weather Summary A wavy front draped across the northern United States separated chilly conditions along the Nation's northern tier from above-normal temperatures in most other areas. Warmth was most pronounced in the Mid-Atlantic States, where monthly temperatures approached or reached May-record levels and averaged up to 8 degrees F above normal. Farther west, temperatures generally averaged 2 to 5 degrees F above normal on the central and southern Plains, despite a few brief outbreaks of cool weather. Farther north, below-normal temperatures were the rule from Montana to the upper Great Lakes region. Monthly readings averaged as much as 8 degrees F below normal in eastern North Dakota and northern Minnesota. The boundary between warm and cool air helped to provide a focus for mid- to late-May rainfall in the Corn Belt. Midwestern downpours slowed or halted soybean and final corn planting, caused widespread lowland flooding, and left standing water in many fields. While warm, wet, humid conditions increased winter wheat disease potential across the southern Corn Belt, chilly weather hampered summer crop emergence and development in the upper Midwest. Farther south, favorably drier weather overspread the western and central Gulf Coast regions during the second half of May, allowing water to drain from previously flooded lowlands. In contrast, hotter- and drier-than-normal weather increased stress on Southeastern pastures and summer crops, especially across Georgia, South Carolina, and parts of Florida. Meanwhile, mostly dry, frequently hot weather depleted topsoil moisture on the central and southern High Plains, hastening winter wheat maturation but increasing stress on pastures and dryland summer crops. On the northern Plains, however, cool, showery weather slowed crop development but provided much-needed moisture for drought-stressed pastures and small grains. Showery conditions also aided winter wheat and spring-sown crops across the interior Northwest, while seasonably dry weather increased demands on drought-reduced irrigation reserves in the Southwest. May Crop Summary Planting progressed rapidly in the Corn Belt early in the month, but heavy rainfall after midmonth caused fieldwork delays throughout the region and localized flooding in some areas. Temperatures were below normal in the northern part of the Corn Belt, slowing crop development, while above-normal temperatures in more southern areas of the region allowed summer crop development to remain well ahead of the normal pace. In the Great Plains, dry conditions early in the month gave way to light to moderate precipitation through the end of the month, providing some relief. Temperatures in the northern Great Plains were below normal through most of the month with eight inches of snow reported in North Dakota around midmonth. Above-normal temperatures prevailed in the central and southern parts of the region. The southern Atlantic Coast States remained mostly dry throughout the month, causing moisture shortages. In the Mississippi Delta, heavy rainfall around midmonth severely hampered fieldwork and flooded many fields, though fieldwork resumed as fields began to dry out later in the month. Temperatures were above normal across the northern and middle Atlantic Coast States, with light to moderate precipitation throughout the month. Hot, dry conditions prevailed in the Rocky Mountains early in the month, but yielded to moderate precipitation and below normal temperatures in the northern Rockies. The central and southern Rockies remained mostly dry, with only light, scattered showers, while temperatures averaged above normal. In the interior areas of the Pacific Northwest, light to moderate rainfall reduced irrigation requirements and helped improve small grain conditions. Dry weather across the Great Basin, Southwest, and California, with well-above-normal temperatures early in the month, gave way to cooler temperatures through month's end. By May 9, the Nation's corn crop was 84 percent planted, 22 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 points ahead of normal. Planting progress slowed later in the month as heavy rainfall in the Corn Belt limited field activities, but was 95 percent complete on May 23, ten points ahead of last year and 8 points ahead of normal. Meanwhile, emergence advanced from 18 percent on May 2 to 90 percent by month's end, 14 points ahead of last year and 10 points ahead of the 5-year average. Through mid-month, emergence progressed rapidly in the Corn Belt, but slowed in the second half of the month as most States neared completion. As of May 24, all States were ahead of the normal emergence pace, though Colorado and Kansas had fallen slightly behind the 5-year average by the end of the month. Winter wheat heading progressed rapidly across the central Great Plains and southern Corn Belt through the first half of the month. At mid-month, 69 percent of the crop was headed, compared with 63 percent last year and 61 percent for the 5-year average. At that time, heading was ahead of the normal pace throughout the Great Plains and most of the Corn Belt. In Nebraska and Colorado, development was 25 and 22 points ahead of normal, respectively. By May 30, heading had advanced to 87 percent complete, 7 points ahead of last year and 6 points ahead of normal. The crop was completely headed in Arkansas, California, Kansas, and Oklahoma but heading had just started in Idaho and Montana. Late-month development was most rapid in the northern Corn Belt and Pacific Northwest. Crop condition declined during the month in the Great Plains and Corn Belt, but improved in the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Northwest. Cotton planting was 31 percent complete on May 2, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of normal. Although planting was behind the normal pace in most States, growers in Texas, the largest cotton-producing State, were 4 points ahead. Planting progressed rapidly in the Delta during the first week of the month, and in the Southeast the next week. At midmonth, all States, except Arizona, Missouri, and Tennessee, were near or ahead of their normal planting pace. California's crop was completely planted by this time, with most of their crop planted prior to the beginning of May, and far ahead of normal. By May 30, planting had advanced to 86 percent complete, compared with 78 percent for the same date in 2003, and 82 percent for the 5-year average. Virginia growers had finished planting their crop, while producers across the Delta and Southeast neared completion. Planting progress was ahead of the normal pace in all States, except Arizona and Louisiana, where progress was only slightly behind normal. Also on May 30, squaring was 7 percent complete, 1 point behind last year and the 5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation's soybean crop was planted by May 2, three percentage points ahead of last year and the normal. Planting progressed rapidly through the first half of the month, particularly in the Corn Belt, where Iowa and Minnesota growers planted over 60 percent of their crop during those 2 weeks. By midmonth, planting had reached 54 percent complete, 31 points ahead of last year and 18 points ahead of normal. Progress slowed in the Corn Belt after midmonth as heavy rainfall limited fieldwork but progress continued at a rapid pace in adjacent areas of the Great Plains. By May 30, planting was 77 percent complete, compared with 67 percent last year and 72 percent for the 5-year average. Emergence advanced from 19 percent complete on May 16 to 55 percent complete by month's end, 23 points ahead of last year and 12 points ahead of normal. The most rapid progress occurred in the Corn Belt, where emergence advanced 40 points or more in most States. At the beginning of the month, 23 percent of the sorghum crop was planted, compared with 21 percent last year and 22 percent for the average. Planting progressed slowly early in the month, advancing just 13 points to 36 percent complete by May 16. Progress accelerated during the second half of the month, reaching 61 percent by the end of the month, 10 points ahead of last year and 4 points ahead of normal. During the last two weeks of the month, growers in Illinois, Kansas, and Nebraska led the way, planting 34 percent or more of their crop. At month's end, planting was slightly ahead of the normal pace in most States and far ahead of normal in Illinois. Louisiana producers, at 96 percent, were nearest completion, while Texas growers had planted 74 percent of their crop, 4 points ahead of normal. Rice planting was 70 percent complete at the beginning of the month, compared with 68 percent for last year at that time and 64 percent for the 5-year average. Planting progressed steadily through the middle of the month, but slowed through month's end as all States neared completion. By May 30, Missouri and Texas growers had finished planting and producers in all other States were within 5 percentage points of completion. Emergence began the month at 51 percent complete, 9 points ahead of last year and 14 points ahead of normal. In the Delta, the crop rapidly emerged ahead of normal. The California crop started the month at only 5 percent emerged but also rapidly advanced under seasonal conditions. By month's end, 91 percent of the crop was emerged, 8 points ahead of last year and 2 points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 2, sixty-eight percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had been planted, 11 points ahead of last year and 25 points ahead of normal. Progress was 24 points or more ahead of normal in Minnesota, Montana, and the Dakotas but only slightly ahead of normal in the Pacific Northwest. Planting was at or near completion by midmonth in all States, except North Dakota. By the end of the month, growers in North Dakota had planted 91 percent of their expected acreage. Meanwhile, emergence progressed steadily through the month, from 32 percent complete on May 2 to 87 percent on May 30. By month's end, emergence was 5 points ahead of last year and 11 points ahead of normal. Emergence was at or near completion in Idaho, South Dakota, and Washington and was ahead of the normal pace in all States. Barley seeding began the month at 63 percent complete, compared with 50 percent last year and 41 percent for the 5-year average. After continuing the rapid advancement for a week, progress slowed through the end of the month, reaching 94 percent on May 30, one point behind last year but 1 point ahead of normal. All States were at or ahead of the normal planting pace throughout the month. Emergence advanced from 28 percent on May 2 to 86 percent complete by month's end, 5 points ahead of last year and 11 points ahead of normal. Seventy-seven percent of the Nation's oat crop was planted at the beginning of the month, 10 points ahead of last year and 19 points ahead of normal. By May 24, planting had advanced to 96 percent complete, 4 points ahead of last year and 6 points ahead of normal. Planting progressed well ahead of normal in the northern Great Plains and adjacent areas of the Corn Belt but lagged behind the average throughout the month in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Meanwhile, emergence began the month at 39 percent complete and progressed to 76 percent by May 16. At month's end, 92 percent of the crop had emerged, 2 points ahead of last year and 5 points ahead of normal. Emergence lagged behind the normal pace in the Ohio Valley but was ahead of normal elsewhere. By May 16, eight percent of the sunflower crop had been planted in the 4 major-producing States, compared with 5 percent for last year and the 5-year average. By the end of the month, planting had advanced to 39 percent complete, but had slipped to 1 point behind last year and 2 points behind normal. Only Colorado growers were ahead of their normal planting pace. Planting progress was most advanced in North Dakota, at 50 percent. Peanut planting started slowly at the beginning of the month, behind the 5-year average in all States, except Georgia and Oklahoma. Planting rapidly advanced during the month, but still lagged behind average along the Atlantic Coastal Plain and in the Southeast through most of the month. By May 30, ninety-one percent of the crop was planted, 6 points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of normal. Winter Wheat: Area for 2004 grain harvest is forecast at 35.1 million acres, unchanged from May 1 but down 4 percent from 2003. As of May 30, heading had reached 87 percent in the 18 major States, 6 percentage points ahead of normal. Harvest was underway in the southern-most portions of the growing area. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield surveys in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's final counts. Indicated average head weights are also below last year's level in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. Harvest was in full swing in both Texas and Oklahoma, with progress in Oklahoma running well ahead of the 5-year average. In Kansas and Nebraska, yield prospects have been dampened by continued dry weather, as well as extreme temperatures - both high and low. Soil moisture levels remain a concern in Colorado, Wyoming, and South Dakota. Montana received significant rainfall during the last half of May, leading to improved crop condition ratings. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield surveys in the 3 Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are below last year's final counts. Indicated average head weights are also below last year, but above average. Much of the Soft Red growing region experienced heavy rainfall near the end of May. This has led to concerns about potential disease pressure, however no significant disease presence has been noted. The Southeast remains dry, where harvest is well underway. The Pacific Northwest States (Washington, Oregon, and Idaho) experienced warm dry weather in early May, but cooler wet weather during the middle and end of the month. In Idaho, this moisture improved dryland yield expectations, offsetting lower yield expectations for irrigated acreage. Yield prospects in Oregon improved significantly, where most of the major wheat growing areas now have above normal annual precipitation levels. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 19.4 million bushels, down 8 percent from May 1, and 16 percent below their 2003 total of 23.0 million bushels. Harvest is in full swing in both Arizona and California. The extremely high temperatures during March and April in the California desert region reduced yields more than previously expected. The Central Valley crop has developed normally. Peaches: The 2004 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 2.19 billion pounds, up 5 percent from 2003 and 1 percent above two years ago. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.15 billion pounds, unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 7 percent above 2003. The State experienced an adequate number of chilling hours, benefitting the Clingstone crop. Overall, bloom is reported to be good on all varieties. Fruit maturity is more advanced than last year due to record setting warm temperatures this spring. Fruit is reported to be in excellent condition with good size and uniform growth. Harvest is expected to begin in the Kingsburg area by mid-June, approximately ten days ahead of last year. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 800 million pounds, down 2 percent from the May 1 forecast but virtually unchanged from 2003. Bloom was delayed by cool, wet weather in February but a warm dry spring made up for the delayed start. The Freestone peach harvest continues with excellent fruit quality. The early season varieties were sizing smaller than average, while the middle to late season varieties are sizing normally. The South Carolina peach crop is forecast at 140 million pounds, up 40 percent from last year but 12 percent below 2002. Weather conditions have been favorable for most areas. A late freeze and frost affected only small areas of production. Moisture was short in the spring but adequate for bloom. Recent rainfall helped fruit development. Georgia's peach crop is forecast at 100 million pounds, down 17 percent from 2003 but 11 percent above 2002. Though some freeze damage was reported in the southern part of the State, the major production area of central Georgia escaped freeze injury. Dry weather conditions in April and May have limited fruit size. Harvest of the early varieties started the beginning of May in south Georgia. As of May 30, harvest was 15 percent complete Statewide. Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 452,000 tons, down 1 percent from last year but 1 percent above 2002. Production in California is forecast at 215,000 tons, up 7 percent from last season but 7 percent below two years ago. Ideal growing conditions have helped Bartlett pears to progress normally this season. Harvest is expected to begin during late June. In Oregon, growers expect to harvest 62,000 tons, up 2 percent from last year and 7 percent above 2002. Growing conditions for Oregon Bartlett pears have been ideal this year. Temperatures in May and June have been well above normal while still receiving adequate precipitation. Growers continue to apply cover sprays as necessary when weather permits. Washington's Bartlett crop is forecast at 175,000 tons, down 11 percent from 2003 but 11 percent above two years ago. Washington growers experienced a very early spring, with warmer than normal temperatures beginning in late February. This warm weather brought fruit trees to full bloom one to two weeks ahead of schedule. Freezing temperatures at the end of April caused minimal damage. Hail storms the last week of May caused some damage to the pear crop, but the extent is not yet known. Precipitation levels are 89 percent below normal in the Yakima growing district and 90 percent below normal in the Wenatchee district. However, irrigation supplies are adequate to this point of the growing season. Sweet Cherries: The 2004 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 243,000 tons, up 13 percent from 2003 and 40 percent above 2002. Washington's 2004 production is forecast at a record high 135,000 tons, up 16 percent from last year. Washington's cherry crop experienced unusually warm conditions during the spring, which contributed to a good bloom. Most growers are reporting crop sizes equal to or greater than a year ago. Some of the increase in production can be attributed to the increasing potential of young plantings. The California crop, at 65,000 tons, is up 5 percent from 2003. Adequate chilling hours and ideal weather conditions during bloom and the growing season have contributed to this production increase. Harvest began in late April and will continue through the second week of June. Fruit quality is reported to be excellent. Sweet cherry production in Oregon is forecasted to be 43,000 tons, up 13 percent from last year's crop. In Oregon, a warm spring advanced crop development, with most regions 7 to 10 days ahead of average. Prunes: California's 2004 prune production is forecast at a record low 70,000 dried tons, down 61 percent from last year's revised crop of 181,000 tons and 59 percent below 2002. If realized, this year's crop would be the smallest on record since official estimates began in 1920. The 2004 crop suffered significant damage from a mid-March hot spell. The heat occurred during full bloom, which caused blossoms to mature before the pollination process was completed. Apricots: California's 2004 production is forecast at 90,000 tons, down 3 percent from the 2003 crop but 6 percent greater than 2002. Weather was excellent during bloom, with warm temperatures throughout the apricot producing areas. Favorable weather contributed to a good fruit set. Harvest for fresh use began the end of April, while harvest for processing began during early June, approximately two weeks ahead of last year. Excellent fruit quality is reported. Florida Citrus: Florida's May weather in the citrus areas was dry with moderate temperatures early in the month and hot near month's end. Several cool fronts passed through the State early in the month bringing overnight temperatures into the upper 50's in some northern locations. Daytime highs reached to the upper 80's early in the month but by the last week were in the mid to upper 90's with very low humidity. The cool fronts brought very little rainfall this month with virtually none reported in some locations. Near the end of the month, scattered showers occurred in some east coast locations. By the end of the month, even with extensive irrigation, growers and caretakers report the need for rain in all areas. Some trees are showing temporary afternoon wilt. Others in non-irrigated groves on deep sandy soils are in extreme wilt. Most trees are, however, in generally good condition. Early-midseason harvest is complete. Valencia oranges were at peak weekly harvest levels of eight million boxes until near the end of the month. Grapefruit harvest for fresh shipments continued to decrease as export shipments come to an end for the season. Harvest for processing grapefruit declined during the month and was mostly complete by month's end. Honey tangerine and Temple harvests are complete. California Citrus: Navel orange picking neared completion by the end of May. The Valencia orange harvest remained active throughout the month but was slowed in response to competition from the stone fruit harvests. Lemons were harvested in central and southern California. Ruby and Rio Red grapefruit harvests were active in the desert, while the Star Ruby grapefruit harvest was active in the southern coastal areas. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Cultural activities in fruit tree orchards and grape vineyards continued throughout the month of May. Growers irrigated, thinned fruit, and applied disease and pest control treatments. The picking and packing of stone fruit continued throughout the month. Sweet Scarlet, Ivory Princess, Queen Crest, and Spring Crest peaches; Earliglo and Mayfire nectarines; Red Beaut plums; Castlebrite and Poppy apricots; and pluots were picked and packed. The cherry harvest continued with Brooks, Garnet, Tulare, Kings, Ranier, and Bing the primary varieties picked. Bloom in wine, raisin, and table grape vineyards was widespread by the middle of May. Vineyards showed plenty of new fruit clusters as the bloom period finished and berry development began. By month's end the fruit development was excellent due to the beneficial weather. Choice grape leaves were picked in a few vineyards for gourmet food use. Table grapes were harvested in the Coachella Valley with Perlette, Flame Seedless, and Black Beauty Seedless the primary varieties being picked. Kiwifruit vines were still in shoot elongation by the middle of May. Strawberry and blueberry harvesting continued, yielding very good quality fruit. However, the condition of strawberry plants in many parts of the Central Valley was declining due to warm weather. Bloom continued in many pomegranate orchards and developing fruit were showing on many trees. Apples and pears were sprayed for codling moth. Avocado and olive bloom neared completion by month's end. Almond, pistachio, and walnut orchards were irrigated and treated for mites as necessary. Steady nut development continued under ideal growing conditions. The almond crop was reported to be large, with the nut meat already set. Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2003-04 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.13 million tons, up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and 3 percent above the previous season. Florida's grapefruit forecast, at 40.8 million boxes (1.73 million tons), is up 1 percent from the previous month and 5 percent above last season's final utilization. The white grapefruit forecast decreased to 15.9 million boxes (676,000 tons), 1 percent below last month and 2 percent below last season. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 24.9 million boxes (1.06 million tons), is up 2 percent from last month and 11 percent above last season's final utilization. Harvest of the white grapefruit varieties is 98 percent complete, while the row count survey indicates 4 percent of colored grapefruit rows remain to be harvested. Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangerines: The 2003-04 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 422,000 tons, unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 14 percent above last season's final utilization of 371,000 tons. Florida's tangerine crop, at 6.50 million boxes (309,000 tons), is unchanged from last month but 18 percent above last season's utilization. Harvest of all tangerine varieties is complete. Arizona and California tangerine forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangelos: Florida's 2003-04 tangelo forecast is final at 1.00 million boxes (45,000 tons), unchanged from May but 57 percent less than last season's utilized production. This is the smallest crop harvested since the 1964-65 season. Temples: Florida's Temple utilization is final at 1.40 million boxes (63,000 tons) for the 2003-04 season, unchanged from last month but 8 percent above last season. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization is estimated at 2.44 million pounds for May, down 8 percent from last month and 20 percent lower than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,100 acres, virtually unchanged from last month but 3 percent less than a year ago. Harvested area totaled 1,160 acres, unchanged from last month but 33 percent lower than May 2003. Weather conditions over the major producing areas were variable during May with mostly sunny skies and periods of light trade wind showers providing good growing conditions. Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2004 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 27,946 acres, 3 percent less than the 2003 crop of 28,669 acres, and 5 percent less than the 2002 crop of 29,309 acres. Washington, with 19,334 acres for harvest, accounts for 69 percent of the U.S. total acreage, 158 acres less than a year ago. Oregon hop growers plan to string 5,107 acres or 18 percent of the U.S. total for 2004, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 13 percent, or 3,505 acres strung for harvest. Idaho growers increased their hop acreage over last year by 2 percent, while Oregon and Washington acreage declined by 11 percent and 1 percent, respectively. Water supplies are expected to be adequate for hops production this year. Washington experienced a relatively mild winter. However, crop progress is slower than normal in some areas due to cool spring temperatures and occasional rain. Vines are mostly half way to the wire except for some late-developing varieties which are slightly shorter. Hop powdery mildew and downy mildew have been prevalent in nearly every growing area this year. The recent heat, however, will aid the producer in the fight against mildew and, for the most part, growers are not overly concerned. Oregon's crop is also showing average growth. Weather conditions created widespread downy and powdery mildew pressure but growers managed to keep it under control so far this year. In Idaho, the plants are only one-third to one-half way to the wire due to colder weather this year. As usual, hop growers are being very proactive with powdery mildew management. In every region, growers expect that warm weather will help to produce an average or better crop. Sugarbeets: Production in 2003 is revised to 30.6 million tons, fractionally lower than the January end of season estimate but 10 percent above 2002. Area harvested totaled 1.35 million acres, unchanged from January but 1 percent below the previous year. The revised yield is 22.7 tons per acre, unchanged from the January estimate but 2.3 tons above the 2002 yield. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2003 is revised to 33.9 million tons, down 2 percent from the March 1 estimate and down 5 percent from the previous year. Area harvested for sugar and seed totaled 994,400 acres, fractionally below the previous estimate and 3 percent below 2002. The estimated yield for sugar and seed production is 34.0 tons per acre, 0.6 ton below March and 0.7 ton below the 2002 yield. Production of sugarcane for sugar is revised to 31.9 million tons, 2 percent below the March 1 estimate and 6 percent below 2002. Area harvested for sugar production totaled 932,700 acres, fractionally less than the previous estimate and 4 percent below 2002. Yield of sugarcane for sugar is 34.3 tons per acre, down from 34.8 tons on March 1 and 0.6 ton below 2002. Sweet Potatoes: The revised estimate of 2003 crop year sweet potato production is 15.9 million cwt, down less than 1 percent from the annual estimate made in January but up 24 percent from 2002. This is the largest production of sweet potatoes in the U.S. since 1962, when 17.1 million cwt were produced. Area harvested, at 92,600 acres, is up 200 acres from January and 13 percent above 2002. The average yield, at 172 cwt per acre, is unchanged from the January estimate but 16 cwt above 2002. This is the largest yield on record, 10 cwt above the previous record of 162 cwt set in 1994 and equaled in 1997. The sweet potato crop estimate in California, at 3.21 million cwt, is up 3 percent from January based on a 3 percent increase in harvested acres. New Jersey production increased 9 percent as yields are higher than expected. Alabama production decreased 4 percent due to a decrease in acres. Texas production is down 12 percent from January and Virginia is down 44 percent, due to lower yields. Maple Syrup: The 2004 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.51 million gallons, up 20 percent from 2003. The number of taps is estimated at 6.96 million, up 2 percent from the 2003 total of 6.83 million, while the yield per tap is estimated to be 0.217 gallons, up 17 percent from 2003. Maple syrup production increased in every State this year and is at the highest level since 1996. Vermont led all States in production with 500,000 gallons, an increase of 19 percent from last season. Maine's production, at 290,000 gallons, increased 2 percent from 2003. New York produced 255,000 gallons, 21 percent above 2003. Production was up in Ohio by 53 percent, New Hampshire by 38 percent, Michigan by 36 percent, Massachusetts by 35 percent, Wisconsin by 32 percent, Pennsylvania by 15 percent, and Connecticut by 10 percent. Increased yield per tap in all States combined with more taps set in most producing States resulted in the production increase over the previous season. Temperatures were generally favorable for good sap flow and syrup production in all of the maple producing States. Overall, the 2004 season lasted an average of 55 days. This compares to 50 days in 2003 and 52 days in 2002. Season length ranged from 89 days in Vermont to 25 days in Wisconsin. Several States reported cold temperatures early, then a brief warm-up that interrupted sap flows. Temperatures then returned to favorable levels, with mild days and cool nights, which increased sap flows. Sugar content of the sap for 2004 was lower than last year. Approximately 42 gallons of sap was required to produce one gallon of syrup. This compares with 41 gallons in 2003 and 45 gallons in 2002. Overall, more light syrup was produced than last year but most syrup produced was of medium color. The 2003 U.S. average price per gallon was $28.30, up $0.80 from the 2002 price of $27.50. The U.S. value of production, at $35.6 million for 2003, was down 12 percent from 2002. The average price per gallon increased in Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Vermont, with Michigan and Wisconsin showing a price decrease. Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecast Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 7 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The Objective Yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 74 percent of the 2003 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,300 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses. Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which produces about 75 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis, in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida State Statistical Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the ASB. The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona, California, and Texas were also used for setting estimates. The June 1 orange production forecasts for these three States are carried forward from April. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in September's Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.2 percent. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 73 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.5 percent. Differences between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 113,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons. The June 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 14 times. The difference does not imply that the June 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Joe Prusacki, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127 Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Darin Jantzi - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed (202) 720-9526 Troy Joshua - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Hay, Oats , Sorghum(202) 690-3234 Jason Lamprecht - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Mark R. Miller - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Brian Young - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops(202) 720-7621 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127 Cathy Scherrer - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Jorge Garcia-Pratts - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Debbie Flippin - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas(202) 720-3250 Mike Miller - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Terry O'Connor - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries, Plums, Prunes(202) 720-4288 Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940 Rich Holcomb - Floriculture, Nursery, Nuts (202 )720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. 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