Cr Pr 2-2 (6-06) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released June 9, 2006, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 4 Percent from May All Orange Production Unchanged Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.26 billion bushels, down 4 percent from the May 1 forecast and 16 percent below 2005. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 40.5 bushels per acre, down 1.9 bushels from last month and 3.9 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals 31.2 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Hard Red production is down 8 percent from a month ago to 659 million bushels. Soft Red is up slightly from last month and now totals 357 million bushels. White production totals 248 million bushels, down 2 percent from last month. Of the White production total, 19.7 million bushels are Hard White and 228 million bushels are Soft White. The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2005-06 season is 8.96 million tons, unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 3 percent below last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast, at 153 million boxes (6.89 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 2 percent above the 2004-05 utilization. Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 75.0 million boxes (3.38 million tons), unchanged from last month but 5 percent below the previous season. Harvest of the early, midseason, and navel varieties is complete. Florida's Valencia forecast is 78.0 million boxes (3.51 million tons), unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 10 percent above last season's final utilization. The row count survey conducted May 31-June 1 shows approximately 70 percent of the Valencia rows have been harvested. This is the lowest percent harvested to this point in over 10 seasons. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried forward from April 1. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 2005-06 season, at 1.63 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, is increased from the 1.62 gallons estimated last month and 1.58 gallons last season, as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The early-midseason yield is final at 1.53 gallons, unchanged from last month and equal to last season. The Valencia yield, at 1.76 gallons, is increased from 1.73 gallons projected last month and is higher than the 1.68 gallons per box recorded from the 2004-05 crop. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. This report was approved on June 9, 2006. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Charles F. Conner Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Carol C. House Contents Page Grains & Hay Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . 5 Wheat, Durum. . . . . . . . . 5 Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . 4 Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops Sugarbeets. . . . . . . . . .10 Sugarcane . . . . . . . . . .11 Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts Apricots. . . . . . . . . . . 8 Cherries, Sweet . . . . . . . 6 Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Peaches . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pears . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Prunes. . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Maple Syrup . . . . . . . . .12 Citrus Fruits Grapefruit. . . . . . . . . . 7 Lemons. . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Oranges . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Tangelos. . . . . . . . . . . 7 Tangerines. . . . . . . . . . 7 Temples . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops Sweet Potatoes. . . . . . . .14 Hops. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Crop Comments. . . . . . . . . .25 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . .15 Information Contacts . . . . . .32 Reliability of Production Data in this Report30 Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . .21 Weather Summary. . . . . . . . .23 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2006 : : : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 :-------------------: 2005 : 2006 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AR : 160 300 52.0 54.0 55.0 8,320 16,500 CA : 300 220 72.0 60.0 70.0 21,600 15,400 CO : 2,200 2,000 24.0 27.0 23.0 52,800 46,000 DE : 51 46 70.0 51.0 46.0 3,570 2,116 GA : 140 130 52.0 45.0 47.0 7,280 6,110 ID : 730 710 91.0 90.0 86.0 66,430 61,060 IL : 600 870 61.0 63.0 65.0 36,600 56,550 IN : 340 450 72.0 69.0 69.0 24,480 31,050 KS : 9,500 9,400 40.0 34.0 31.0 380,000 291,400 KY : 300 310 68.0 68.0 68.0 20,400 21,080 MD : 140 130 66.0 60.0 55.0 9,240 7,150 MI : 590 580 66.0 68.0 68.0 38,940 39,440 MS : 65 70 50.0 55.0 55.0 3,250 3,850 MO : 540 870 54.0 53.0 53.0 29,160 46,110 MT : 2,100 1,950 45.0 42.0 39.0 94,500 76,050 NE : 1,760 1,650 39.0 38.0 34.0 68,640 56,100 NY : 95 120 54.0 56.0 59.0 5,130 7,080 NC : 435 440 57.0 48.0 48.0 24,795 21,120 OH : 830 960 71.0 69.0 68.0 58,930 65,280 OK : 4,000 3,100 32.0 22.0 22.0 128,000 68,200 OR : 780 760 61.0 55.0 55.0 47,580 41,800 PA : 145 155 54.0 51.0 51.0 7,830 7,905 SC : 165 125 52.0 45.0 48.0 8,580 6,000 SD : 1,490 1,250 44.0 45.0 38.0 65,560 47,500 TN : 150 190 56.0 56.0 58.0 8,400 11,020 TX : 3,000 1,300 32.0 27.0 25.0 96,000 32,500 VA : 160 170 63.0 56.0 56.0 10,080 9,520 WA : 1,800 1,800 67.0 68.0 68.0 120,600 122,400 WI : 175 235 57.0 63.0 63.0 9,975 14,805 : Oth : Sts 1/: 1,053 886 40.3 36.9 36.9 42,459 32,670 : US : 33,794 31,177 44.4 42.4 40.5 1,499,129 1,263,766 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2006 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2006 : : : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 :-------------------: 2005 : 2006 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 79 70 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,900 7,000 CA : 69 60 95.0 95.0 100.0 6,555 6,000 MT : 585 28.0 16,380 ND : 1,950 35.0 68,250 : Oth : Sts 2/: 33 61.2 2,020 : US : 2,716 37.2 101,105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2006. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2006. 2/ Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2006 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1/ 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter :--------------------------------------------------------- Year : Hard : Soft : Hard : Soft : All : Red : Red : White 3/ : White 3/ : White ---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2004 : 856,211 380,305 262,918 2005 : 929,820 309,021 25,279 235,009 260,288 2006 : 658,551 357,342 19,734 228,139 247,873 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Spring : :---------------------------------------------------------: : Hard : Hard : Soft : All : : Total : Red : White 3/ : White 3/ : White : Durum : :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2004 : 525,467 43,451 89,893 2,158,245 2005 : 466,587 4,530 33,339 37,869 101,105 2,104,690 2006 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. 2/ Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2006. 3/ Individual Hard White and Soft White estimates not available prior to 2005. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 73,000 52,700 45,000 OR : 43,000 28,000 50,000 WA : 134,000 138,000 150,000 : Total : 250,000 218,700 245,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, NY, and UT and tart cherries in MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, WA, and WI will be published in the "Cherry Production" report released on June 22, 2006. The first estimate for sweet cherries in MT will be released in January 2007. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and Total, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : All : 975,000 869,000 760,000 Clingstone 1/ : 539,000 484,000 380,000 Freestone : 436,000 385,000 380,000 GA : 52,500 40,000 50,000 SC : 70,000 75,000 60,000 : Total : 1,097,500 984,000 870,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 2003-04, 2004-05 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2003-04 : 2004-05 : 2005-06 : 2003-04 : 2004-05 : 2005-06 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------- Oranges : Early, Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 300 240 250 12 9 9 CA 4/ : 39,500 43,000 42,000 1,481 1,613 1,575 FL : 126,000 79,100 75,000 5,670 3,560 3,375 TX 4/ : 1,420 1,500 1,300 60 64 55 US : 167,220 123,840 118,550 7,223 5,246 5,014 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 170 190 200 6 7 8 CA 4/ : 11,000 20,500 11,000 413 769 413 FL : 116,000 70,700 78,000 5,220 3,182 3,510 TX 4/ : 230 270 230 10 11 10 US : 127,400 91,660 89,430 5,649 3,969 3,941 All : AZ 4/ : 470 430 450 18 16 17 CA 4/ : 50,500 63,500 53,000 1,894 2,382 1,988 FL : 242,000 149,800 153,000 10,890 6,742 6,885 TX 4/ : 1,650 1,770 1,530 70 75 65 US : 294,620 215,500 207,980 12,872 9,215 8,955 Temples : FL : 1,400 650 700 63 29 32 Grapefruit : White Seedless 5/ : FL : 15,900 3,400 6,500 675 145 276 Colored Seedless : FL : 25,000 9,400 12,800 1,063 400 544 All : AZ 4/ : 140 140 100 5 5 3 CA 4/ : 5,800 5,800 6,000 194 194 201 FL : 40,900 12,800 19,300 1,738 545 820 TX 4/ : 5,700 6,600 4,800 228 264 192 US : 52,540 25,340 30,200 2,165 1,008 1,216 Tangerines : AZ 4/ 6/ : 690 400 550 25 15 21 CA 4/ 6/ : 2,200 2,800 4,000 83 105 150 FL : 6,500 4,450 5,500 309 211 261 US : 9,390 7,650 10,050 417 331 432 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 3,000 2,400 3,800 114 91 144 CA : 18,000 19,000 19,000 684 722 722 US : 21,000 21,400 22,800 798 813 866 Tangelos : FL : 1,000 1,550 1,400 45 70 63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90; Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5/ Includes seedy. 6/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 223,000 164,000 195,000 OR : 63,000 58,000 60,000 WA : 171,000 170,000 185,000 : Total : 457,000 392,000 440,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Prunes (Dried Basis) : 49,000 90,000 145,000 : Apricots : 94,000 75,500 37,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2005-2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Apr : 2,505 2,045 1,440 1,770 2,700 1,885 May : 2,500 2,000 1,440 1,740 2,740 1,960 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized fresh production. Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States, 2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested :Strung for Harvest and :-------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 2004 : 2005 1/ : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres : ID : Total 2/ : 3,253 3,287 2,777 : OR : Cascade : 91 62 - Glacier : 243 231 * Golding : 105 105 117 Millenium : 264 295 258 Mt. Hood : 215 219 113 Nugget : 1,286 1,363 1,500 Perle : 259 - - Sterling : 222 276 109 Willamette : 2,175 2,273 2,301 : Other Varieties : 247 339 638 : Total : 5,107 5,163 5,036 : WA : Ahtanum : - 50 55 Cascade : 1,422 1,168 1,116 Centennial : - 112 - Chelan : 201 212 505 Chinook : 492 489 382 Cluster : 449 463 352 Columbus/Tomahawk R : 3,029 2,812 2,505 Galena : 3,417 3,869 3,859 Glacier : - 48 17 Golding : 36 37 53 Hallertauer : 46 48 49 Millenium : 1,124 1,115 910 Mt. Hood : 39 51 44 Northern Brewer : 65 - - Nugget : 807 1,062 1,100 Perle : 47 - - Sterling : - 93 75 Summit R : - - 66 Willamette : 3,542 4,102 4,400 YCR-4(Palisade R) : - 54 54 YCR-5(Warrior R) : 793 584 414 Zeus : 2,903 3,736 4,009 : Other Varieties : 970 908 1,150 : Total : 19,382 21,013 21,115 : US : 27,742 29,463 28,928 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 Revised. 2/ Only State totals will be published for Idaho to avoid disclosure of individual operations. - Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Zero R Registered. Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 2/ : 2004 : 2005 2/ : 2004 : 2005 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 49.1 44.4 48.9 44.1 40.8 38.9 CO : 36.0 36.4 33.5 34.3 25.0 24.3 ID : 195.0 169.0 192.0 167.0 28.7 27.1 MI : 165.0 154.0 163.0 152.0 21.1 21.3 MN : 486.0 491.0 470.0 460.0 20.9 20.4 MT : 53.7 53.9 52.1 49.9 21.7 22.9 NE : 49.8 48.4 47.5 45.3 22.1 20.4 ND : 256.0 255.0 246.0 243.0 19.7 18.9 OH 3/ : 1.9 1.7 21.8 OR : 12.9 9.8 12.6 9.7 31.4 32.1 WA : 3.8 1.7 3.8 1.7 37.9 40.6 WY : 36.4 36.2 35.6 35.9 22.8 22.3 : US : 1,345.6 1,299.8 1,306.7 1,242.9 23.0 22.2 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 2/ : 2004 : 2005 4/ : 2004 : 2005 4/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 1,995 1,715 37.90 75,611 CO : 838 833 36.30 30,419 ID : 5,510 4,526 37.10 204,421 MI : 3,439 3,238 26.40 90,790 MN : 9,823 9,384 37.80 371,309 MT : 1,131 1,143 40.80 46,145 NE : 1,050 924 39.90 41,895 ND : 4,846 4,593 39.50 191,417 OH 3/ : 37 26.40 977 OR : 396 311 37.10 14,692 WA : 144 69 37.10 5,342 WY : 812 801 41.70 33,860 : US : 30,021 27,537 36.90 1,106,878 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central CA and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ No acreage reported in 2005. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 2006. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2007. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2004-2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 2/ : 2004 : 2005 2/ : 2004 : 2005 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 385.0 376.0 34.9 31.4 13,437 11,806 HI : 21.8 21.7 90.8 80.7 1,979 1,751 LA : 430.0 420.0 23.8 22.9 10,234 9,618 TX : 42.7 40.5 37.3 38.3 1,593 1,551 : US : 879.5 858.2 31.0 28.8 27,243 24,726 : For Seed : FL : 21.0 25.0 40.2 37.6 844 940 HI : 1.4 2.5 33.5 25.0 47 63 LA : 35.0 35.0 23.8 22.9 833 802 TX : 1.3 1.9 35.0 38.3 46 73 : US : 58.7 64.4 30.2 29.2 1,770 1,878 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 406.0 401.0 35.2 31.8 14,281 12,746 HI : 23.2 24.2 87.3 75.0 2,026 1,814 LA : 465.0 455.0 23.8 22.9 11,067 10,420 TX : 44.0 42.4 37.3 38.3 1,639 1,624 : US : 938.2 922.6 30.9 28.8 29,013 26,604 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 :2005 4/ : 2004 : 2005 4/ : 2004 : 2005 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 30.30 407,141 432,714 HI : 31.10 61,547 63,009 LA : 25.30 258,920 279,995 TX : 27.70 44,126 45,400 : US : 28.30 771,734 821,118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 2006. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2007. Maple Syrup: Taps, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2005-2006 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of Taps : Yield per Tap : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Taps -- ---- Gallons --- 1,000 Gallons : CT : 63 61 0.159 0.164 10 10 ME : 1,300 1,315 0.204 0.228 265 300 MA : 240 245 0.167 0.163 40 40 MI : 390 375 0.149 0.208 58 78 NH : 365 355 0.156 0.180 57 64 NY : 1,420 1,530 0.156 0.165 222 253 OH : 355 360 0.194 0.217 69 78 PA : 428 449 0.143 0.147 61 66 VT : 2,140 2,170 0.192 0.212 410 460 WI : 400 400 0.125 0.250 50 100 : US : 7,101 7,260 0.175 0.200 1,242 1,449 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 revised. Maple Syrup: Price and Value by State and United States, 2004-2005 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------- : Average Price : Value of : per Gallon : Production State :------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------- : ---- Dollars --- 1,000 Dollars : CT : 51.70 50.00 569 500 ME : 19.40 21.50 5,626 5,698 MA : 46.30 51.20 2,315 2,048 MI : 38.00 36.00 3,040 2,088 NH : 35.40 41.30 2,938 2,354 NY : 28.20 31.70 7,191 7,037 OH : 32.00 36.00 2,496 2,484 PA : 29.00 31.50 1,740 1,922 VT : 27.30 27.80 13,650 11,398 WI : 32.30 32.40 3,230 1,620 : US : 28.40 29.90 42,795 37,149 ---------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 2004 are revised. Price and value for 2006 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2007. Maple Syrup: Season by State, 2005-2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Date Season : Date Season : Average Season : Opened 1/ : Closed 2/ : Length 3/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- Date ---------------- ---- Days --- : CT : Feb 2 Jan 15 Apr 15 Apr 14 34 36 ME : Feb 14 Jan 20 Apr 29 Apr 26 23 27 MA : Feb 2 Jan 25 Apr 19 Apr 30 21 28 MI : Feb 1 Jan 1 Apr 28 May 2 16 21 NH : Feb 1 Jan 30 Apr 23 Apr 29 21 26 NY : Jan 27 Jan 14 May 1 Apr 27 23 27 OH : Feb 1 Jan 15 Apr 18 Apr 18 27 28 PA : Jan 20 Jan 1 Apr 30 Apr 29 28 32 VT : Feb 4 Jan 15 Apr 30 Apr 30 24 29 WI : Feb 12 Feb 20 Apr 21 Apr 29 18 23 : US : 24 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2/ Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3/ The average number of days that sap was collected. Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :39.10 39.30 22.20 23.00 13.50 13.30 8.40 8.20 5.20 4.70 ME :36.60 35.00 19.90 19.70 10.60 11.10 6.50 6.80 4.40 4.00 MA :34.80 37.50 19.70 22.10 11.70 13.10 7.00 8.80 4.00 5.50 MI :32.70 34.20 19.10 18.90 10.60 10.30 6.20 6.50 3.90 4.20 NH :34.30 36.60 19.50 21.10 11.20 12.10 7.00 7.30 4.10 4.70 NY :32.20 32.50 17.80 18.80 10.50 11.10 6.50 6.90 3.90 4.40 OH :28.70 31.20 17.60 18.40 10.40 10.70 6.50 6.60 4.50 4.50 PA :29.50 29.30 17.10 18.00 10.00 10.60 6.00 6.10 3.90 4.30 VT :31.70 32.30 18.50 19.60 11.40 11.60 7.10 7.40 4.60 4.90 WI :28.60 30.60 16.10 16.80 8.70 9.10 5.30 5.70 3.50 4.20 : Wholesale : CT :33.30 34.10 16.40 17.00 9.00 10.30 5.30 5.30 3.50 4.00 ME :29.00 30.00 15.90 15.90 8.60 8.50 4.70 4.80 3.30 4.00 MA :29.20 30.10 16.60 16.80 9.00 9.60 5.50 5.50 3.40 3.60 MI :25.70 29.00 16.70 16.40 8.70 8.60 5.00 4.60 3.20 3.50 NH :27.70 30.00 16.60 17.10 9.60 9.90 5.30 5.70 3.10 3.30 NY :25.60 26.50 16.70 16.10 7.80 8.80 4.90 5.20 3.00 3.20 OH :26.80 26.20 14.20 16.50 8.00 8.50 4.80 5.80 3.30 3.80 PA :26.00 27.50 14.20 15.60 8.20 8.60 5.00 4.70 3.50 3.90 VT :28.40 27.60 16.40 16.70 9.40 9.50 5.60 5.40 3.50 3.40 WI :26.00 33.00 15.20 17.10 8.30 9.10 5.40 5.30 3.00 3.00 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT 2/ : 1.10 12.10 51.70 50.00 ME : 1.60 1.90 17.60 20.70 19.40 21.50 MA : 1.50 1.65 16.50 18.10 46.30 51.20 MI : 1.75 1.80 19.20 19.30 38.00 36.00 NH : 1.40 1.60 15.40 17.50 35.40 41.30 NY : 1.40 1.70 15.30 18.90 28.20 31.70 OH : 1.55 2.00 17.20 21.60 32.00 36.00 PA : 1.35 1.60 15.00 17.90 29.00 31.50 VT : 1.60 1.70 17.60 18.70 27.30 27.80 WI : 1.50 1.70 16.50 19.20 32.30 32.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for 2004 are revised. Prices for 2006 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2007. 2/ Data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 2004-2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale : Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- -- Percent -- -- Percent -- : CT : 85 80 10 10 5 10 ME : 3 2 2 1 95 97 MA : 55 65 30 20 15 15 MI : 60 48 23 28 17 24 NH : 50 65 25 20 25 15 NY : 50 45 19 22 31 33 OH : 61 63 14 17 25 20 PA : 55 56 11 16 34 28 VT : 30 30 10 10 60 60 WI : 42 42 16 23 42 35 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 2.8 2.7 2.3 2.5 CA : 11.5 11.7 11.5 11.7 LA : 16.0 18.0 15.5 17.0 MS : 16.0 17.4 15.3 17.3 NJ : 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 NC : 45.0 36.0 43.0 35.0 SC : 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 TX : 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.6 VA : 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 : US : 96.9 91.0 92.8 88.4 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Cwt ------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 165 150 380 375 CA : 280 285 3,220 3,335 LA : 150 145 2,325 2,465 MS : 170 180 2,601 3,114 NJ : 140 130 168 156 NC : 160 170 6,880 5,950 SC : 120 160 96 128 TX : 140 65 392 169 VA : 125 125 50 38 : US : 174 178 16,112 15,730 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2005-2006 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3,875.0 3,667.0 3,269.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 81,759.0 78,019.0 75,107.0 Corn for Silage : 5,920.0 Hay, All : 61,649.0 61,478.0 Alfalfa : 22,389.0 All Other : 39,260.0 Oats : 4,246.0 4,324.0 1,823.0 Proso Millet : 565.0 515.0 Rice : 3,384.0 2,972.0 3,364.0 Rye : 1,433.0 279.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 6,454.0 6,483.0 5,736.0 Sorghum for Silage : 311.0 Wheat, All : 57,229.0 57,128.0 50,119.0 Winter : 40,433.0 41,404.0 33,794.0 31,177.0 Durum : 2,760.0 1,825.0 2,716.0 Other Spring : 14,036.0 13,899.0 13,609.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,159.0 923.0 1,114.0 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 983.0 890.0 955.0 Mustard Seed : 49.0 44.6 Peanuts : 1,657.0 1,391.0 1,629.0 Rapeseed : 2.4 2.0 Safflower : 165.0 160.0 Soybeans for Beans : 72,142.0 76,895.0 71,361.0 Sunflower : 2,709.0 2,196.0 2,610.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 14,245.4 14,634.0 13,802.6 Upland : 13,975.0 14,300.0 13,534.0 Amer-Pima : 270.4 334.0 268.6 Sugarbeets : 1,299.8 1,371.8 1,242.9 Sugarcane : 922.6 Tobacco : 298.1 306.6 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 42.5 24.5 Dry Edible Beans : 1,665.0 1,710.3 1,568.6 Dry Edible Peas : 808.0 765.9 Lentils : 450.0 439.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.1 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.1 Hops : 29.5 28.9 Peppermint Oil : 76.0 Potatoes, All : 1,110.0 1,087.4 Winter : 20.0 17.7 19.8 17.5 Spring : 68.0 71.1 66.7 69.7 Summer : 53.4 51.4 Fall : 968.6 949.5 Spearmint Oil : 17.7 Sweet Potatoes : 91.0 94.2 88.4 Taro (HI) 3/ : 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2005-2006 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Units:------------------------------------------- : : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley :Bu : 64.8 211,896 Corn for Grain :" : 147.9 11,112,072 Corn for Silage :Tons : 18.0 106,311 Hay, All :" : 2.44 150,590 Alfalfa :" : 3.38 75,771 All Other :" : 1.91 74,819 Oats :Bu : 63.0 114,878 Proso Millet :" : 26.3 13,545 Rice 2/ :Cwt : 6,636 223,235 Rye :Bu : 27.0 7,537 Sorghum for Grain :" : 68.7 393,893 Sorghum for Silage :Tons : 13.6 4,218 Wheat, All :Bu : 42.0 2,104,690 Winter :" : 44.4 40.5 1,499,129 1,263,766 Durum :" : 37.2 101,105 Other Spring :" : 37.1 504,456 : : Oilseeds : : Canola :Lbs : 1,419 1,580,985 Cottonseed 3/ :Tons : 8,172.1 Flaxseed :Bu : 20.6 19,695 Mustard Seed :Lbs : 787 35,114 Peanuts :" : 2,960 4,821,250 Rapeseed :" : 1,500 3,000 Safflower :" : 1,203 192,545 Soybeans for Beans :Bu : 43.3 3,086,432 Sunflower :Lbs : 1,540 4,018,355 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ :Bales: 831 23,890.2 Upland 2/ :" : 825 23,259.7 Amer-Pima 2/ :" : 1,127 630.5 Sugarbeets :Tons : 22.2 27,537 Sugarcane :" : 28.8 26,604 Tobacco :Lbs : 2,171 647,278 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ :Cwt : 1,253 307 Dry Edible Beans 2/ :" : 1,744 27,350 Dry Edible Peas 2/ :" : 1,828 14,003 Lentils 2/ :" : 1,176 5,163 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ :" : 755 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) :Lbs : 1,050 6,400 Ginger Root (HI) :" : 42,500 5,100 Hops :" : 1,791 52,914.5 Peppermint Oil :" : 92 6,980 Potatoes, All :Cwt : 388 422,209 Winter :" : 247 264 4,892 4,615 Spring :" : 281 296 18,724 20,646 Summer :" : 342 17,567 Fall :" : 401 381,026 Spearmint Oil :Lbs : 109 1,933 Sweet Potatoes :Cwt : 178 15,730 Taro (HI) 3/ :Lbs : 4,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2004-2006 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Units :-------------------------------------------- : : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit : Tons : 2,165 1,008 1,216 Lemons : " : 798 813 866 Oranges : " : 12,872 9,215 8,955 Tangelos (FL) : " : 45 70 63 Tangerines : " : 417 331 432 Temples (FL) : " : 63 29 32 : : Noncitrus : : Apples : 1,000 Lbs: 10,450.6 9,869.6 Apricots : Tons : 101.1 81.4 Bananas (HI) : Lbs : 16,500.0 20,900.0 Grapes : Tons : 6,240.0 6,974.9 Olives (CA) : " : 104.0 139.0 Papayas (HI) : Lbs : 35,800.0 32,900.0 Peaches : Tons : 1,307.1 1,182.6 Pears : " : 877.3 812.3 Prunes, Dried (CA) : " : 49.0 90.0 145.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA): " : 25.0 8.7 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) : Lbs : 1,005,000 915,000 1,020,000 Hazelnuts (OR) : Tons : 37.5 28.0 Pecans : Lbs : 185,800 259,600 Walnuts (CA) : Tons : 325.0 355.0 Maple Syrup : Gals : 1,507 1,242 1,449 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2005-06 season. 2/ Production years are 2003-04, 2004-05, and 2005-06. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2005-2006 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 1,568,170 1,484,000 1,322,930 Corn for Grain 2/ :33,087,050 31,573,510 30,395,050 Corn for Silage : 2,395,760 Hay, All 3/ : 24,948,730 24,879,530 Alfalfa : 9,060,600 All Other : 15,888,130 Oats : 1,718,310 1,749,880 737,750 Proso Millet : 228,650 208,420 Rice : 1,369,470 1,202,740 1,361,380 Rye : 579,920 112,910 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 2,611,870 2,623,610 2,321,300 Sorghum for Silage : 125,860 Wheat, All 3/ :23,160,000 23,119,130 20,282,660 Winter :16,362,830 16,755,780 13,676,090 12,617,020 Durum : 1,116,940 738,560 1,099,140 Other Spring : 5,680,230 5,624,790 5,507,430 : Oilseeds : Canola : 469,040 373,530 450,820 Cottonseed : Flaxseed : 397,810 360,170 386,480 Mustard Seed : 19,830 18,050 Peanuts : 670,570 562,920 659,240 Rapeseed : 970 810 Safflower : 66,770 64,750 Soybeans for Beans :29,195,150 31,118,640 28,879,080 Sunflower : 1,096,310 888,700 1,056,240 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 5,764,970 5,922,230 5,585,770 Upland : 5,655,540 5,787,070 5,477,070 Amer-Pima : 109,430 135,170 108,700 Sugarbeets : 526,020 555,150 502,990 Sugarcane : 373,370 Tobacco : 120,630 124,090 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 17,200 9,910 Dry Edible Beans : 673,810 692,140 634,800 Dry Edible Peas : 326,990 309,950 Lentils : 182,110 177,660 Wrinkled Seed Peas : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,470 Ginger Root (HI) : 50 Hops : 11,960 11,710 Peppermint Oil : 30,760 Potatoes, All 3/ : 449,210 440,060 Winter : 8,090 7,160 8,010 7,080 Spring : 27,520 28,770 26,990 28,210 Summer : 21,610 20,800 Fall : 391,980 384,250 Spearmint Oil : 7,160 Sweet Potatoes : 36,830 38,120 35,770 Taro (HI) 4/ : 150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2005-2006 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2005 : 2006 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.49 4,613,490 Corn for Grain : 9.29 282,259,630 Corn for Silage : 40.26 96,443,720 Hay, All 2/ : 5.48 136,612,950 Alfalfa : 7.59 68,738,290 All Other : 4.27 67,874,660 Oats : 2.26 1,667,450 Proso Millet : 1.47 307,200 Rice : 7.44 10,125,770 Rye : 1.70 191,450 Sorghum for Grain : 4.31 10,005,340 Sorghum for Silage : 30.40 3,826,510 Wheat, All 2/ : 2.82 57,280,270 Winter : 2.98 2.73 40,799,610 34,394,070 Durum : 2.50 2,751,630 Other Spring : 2.49 13,729,040 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.59 717,120 Cottonseed 3/ : 7,413,600 Flaxseed : 1.29 500,280 Mustard Seed : 0.88 15,930 Peanuts : 3.32 2,186,880 Rapeseed : 1.68 1,360 Safflower : 1.35 87,340 Soybeans for Beans : 2.91 83,998,910 Sunflower : 1.73 1,822,700 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.93 5,201,480 Upland : 0.92 5,064,200 Amer-Pima : 1.26 137,280 Sugarbeets : 49.67 24,981,150 Sugarcane : 64.64 24,134,740 Tobacco : 2.43 293,600 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.40 13,930 Dry Edible Beans : 1.95 1,240,580 Dry Edible Peas : 2.05 635,170 Lentils : 1.32 234,190 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : 34,250 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.18 2,900 Ginger Root (HI) : 47.64 2,310 Hops : 2.01 24,000 Peppermint Oil : 0.10 3,170 Potatoes, All 2/ : 43.52 19,151,080 Winter : 27.69 29.56 221,900 209,330 Spring : 31.46 33.20 849,310 936,490 Summer : 38.31 796,830 Fall : 44.98 17,283,050 Spearmint Oil : 0.12 880 Sweet Potatoes : 19.94 713,500 Taro (HI) 3/ : 1,950 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2004-2006 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 1,964,050 914,440 1,103,140 Lemons : 723,930 737,540 785,620 Oranges : 11,677,280 8,359,710 8,123,840 Tangelos (FL) : 40,820 63,500 57,150 Tangerines : 378,300 300,280 391,900 Temples (FL) : 57,150 26,310 29,030 : Noncitrus : Apples : 4,740,310 4,476,780 Apricots : 91,740 73,800 Bananas (HI) : 7,480 9,480 Grapes : 5,660,860 6,327,520 Olives (CA) : 94,350 126,100 Papayas (HI) : 16,240 14,920 Peaches : 1,185,790 1,072,840 Pears : 795,840 736,930 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 44,450 81,650 131,540 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 22,680 7,890 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) (shelled) : 455,860 415,040 462,660 Hazelnuts (OR) : 34,020 25,400 Pecans : 84,280 117,750 Walnuts (CA) : 294,840 322,050 Maple Syrup : 7,530 6,210 7,240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2006 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2005-06 season. 2/ Production years are 2003-04, 2004-05, and 2005-06. May Weather Summary The majority of the Nation experienced drier-than-normal May weather, promoting winter wheat development and summer crop planting. There were some notable exceptions, however, such as flooding in New England, wet weather in the Great Lakes region, showery conditions in the Northwest, and brief but unseasonably heavy rain in parts of California. Briefly heavy showers notwithstanding, California's weather pattern favored recovery from earlier fieldwork and crop developmental delays. However, California's rice emergence was still significantly behind normal by month's end. Meanwhile, showers in the Northwest aided small grains, but heat in the Southwest stressed rangeland, increased irrigation demands, and set the stage for an active wildfire season. Farther east, winter wheat conditions deteriorated on the Plains due to hot, often dry weather. Short-term dryness was most pronounced in Nebraska and South Dakota, where some locations reported record-low May rainfall. Conditions for the Plains' winter wheat and spring-sown crops remained most favorable in Montana, but stress on pastures, immature wheat, and rain-fed summer crops gradually increased elsewhere. In the Midwest, drier-than-normal weather across the southern and western Corn Belt contrasted with soggy conditions in much of the Great Lakes region. Corn and soybean planting rapidly advanced in the drier areas of the Midwest, although emerged summer crops were in need of additional rain. In contrast, rain slowed soybean and final corn planting in the eastern Corn Belt. Even wetter conditions prevailed in New England, where downpours resulted in extensive mid-month flooding across parts of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Heavy rain also caused local flooding in the western Gulf Coast region, where previously dry conditions were suddenly replaced by a late-month deluge. Elsewhere in the South, weather conditions generally favored late-spring fieldwork and crop development, although pastures and summer crops were in need of rain in the southern Atlantic States and in most areas from the lower Mississippi Valley westward. A 3-week cool spell held monthly temperatures below normal across the eastern Corn Belt and much of the East. Cool weather was most persistent in the Mid-Atlantic States, where readings averaged as much as 4 degrees F below normal. From the Plains westward, an early-month chill was replaced by a long spell of hot weather, which lasted for nearly 2 weeks beginning in mid-May. Monthly temperatures ranged from 4 to 6 degrees F above normal at numerous locations in the Great Basin and the Southwest. Departures would have been more pronounced, but a late-month temperature reversal resulted in cooler conditions in the West and an early-season heat wave from the Midwest into the East. May Agricultural Summary Temperatures were below normal across the central and eastern Corn Belt, Ohio River Valley, and middle and southern Atlantic Coast States, while above-normal temperatures prevailed elsewhere. Emergence and growth of summer crops progressed well under warm conditions in the western Corn Belt and northern and central Great Plains. Meanwhile, precipitation was below normal across most of the Nation, with the exception of the Pacific Coast, the Great Lakes region, and New England, where heavy rainfall caused local flooding early in the month but improved pasture and range conditions. Dry weather in the northern half of the Great Plains favored planting but caused winter wheat condition to deteriorate. The southern Great Plains saw some precipitation early in the month but little improvement in winter wheat condition. Corn growers continued to plant their crop ahead of normal. Ninety-seven percent of the acreage had been planted by month's end, 1 percentage point behind last year's rapid pace but 4 points ahead of normal. Warm, mostly dry weather allowed rapid progress in the northern Great Plains, where North and South Dakota growers planted 80 and 85 percent of their acreage, respectively, during the month. Emergence also progressed ahead of the normal pace, reaching 85 percent on May 28, compared with 83 percent last year and 77 percent for the 5-year average. Progress was at or ahead of normal in all States, except Indiana and Kansas. In Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Ohio, 80 percent or more of the crop began emerging during the month. At month's end, 70 percent of the crop was rated in good or excellent condition, compared with 62 percent good or excellent last year. Sorghum seeding also progressed ahead of normal throughout the month. On April 30, twenty-eight percent of the acreage had been planted, 9 points ahead of last year and 8 points ahead of normal. After limited progress in early May, planting accelerated after mid-month, advancing 20 points in the final 2 weeks. On May 28, planting was 54 percent complete, 5 points ahead of last year and 2 points ahead of normal. Progress was most rapid in Nebraska, where growers planted two-thirds of their acreage during the month. Planting was ahead of normal in all States, except Colorado and Kansas. Oat planting progressed ahead of the normal pace in all States. By May 21, ninety-seven percent of the acreage had been seeded, compared with 98 percent last year and 94 percent for the 5-year average. Emergence also progressed ahead of normal, reaching 95 percent by month's end, 1 point ahead of last year and 6 points ahead of normal. At that time, heading had begun on 25 percent of the acreage, 1 point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Excluding Texas, where oats are planted in the fall, Nebraska's crop was the most advanced, with 20 percent of the acreage at or beyond the heading stage. Early in the month, barley planting trailed behind the normal pace. However, warm, dry conditions across all growing areas allowed rapid progress during the month. By month's end, 97 percent of the crop had been sown, 2 points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of normal. Planting was complete in Washington and was at or ahead of the normal pace in all States. Meanwhile emergence trailed behind normal through mid-month, but surpassed the normal pace in the final 2 weeks. On May 28, emergence had begun on 80 percent of the acreage, 2 points behind last year but 5 points ahead of normal. In North Dakota, the largest growing State, progress was 15 points ahead of normal. Winter wheat heading progressed ahead of normal throughout the month. At month's end, 79 percent of the acreage was at or beyond the heading stage, compared with 78 percent last year and 77 percent for the 5-year average. The most rapid progress was in the Ohio Valley, where 84 percent of Indiana's crop and 87 percent of Ohio's crop entered the heading stage during the month. Though nationwide estimates of harvest progress were not available during May, Texas and Oklahoma growers had begun harvesting by month's end and were well ahead of the normal pace, with the crop heading ahead of normal because of the warm, dry weather. Condition of the crop continued to decline during the month, mostly due to dry weather in the northern and central Great Plains. Spring wheat producers trailed behind the normal planting pace early in the month, but accelerated during the month to surpass the normal pace. On May 28, ninety-seven percent of the crop had been sown, the same as last year but 4 points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was complete in South Dakota and Washington and within 4 points of completion elsewhere. Progress was at or ahead of normal in all major producing States. Similarly, emergence began the month behind normal but progressed rapidly during the month. At month's end, emergence was underway on 83 percent of the acreage, compared with 86 percent last year and 75 percent for the normal. Nationwide, 72 percent of the acreage entered the emergence stage during the month, with North Dakota's crop advancing 78 points, and Idaho's, Minnesota's, and Montana's crops advancing 70 to 71 points. Emergence continued to trail behind normal in the Pacific Northwest due to planting delays early in the season, but was at or ahead of the normal pace elsewhere. The Nation's rice crop was planted and emerged behind the normal pace. However, this was solely due to California's late planting start, as progress was at or ahead of normal throughout the Delta and Gulf Coast. At month's end, 94 percent of the acreage had been seeded, 2 points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Planting was complete in Arkansas and Texas and nearly complete across the remainder of the Delta. Emergence, at 86 percent, was the same as last year but 2 points behind normal. California's crop trailed over a week behind normal in both planting and emergence. Soybean planting fell slightly behind normal early in the month, but progressed rapidly, during the last half of the month as corn planting neared completion. By month's end, growers had seeded 79 percent of their acreage, the same as last year's rapid pace but 11 points ahead of normal. Producers in Minnesota, Nebraska, and the Dakotas planted over 60 percent of their acreage during the final 2 weeks of May. Progress was ahead of normal in all States, except Indiana and North Carolina. Meanwhile, the crop emerged behind the normal pace through most of the month, but accelerated during the final week to pull ahead of normal. On May 28, emergence had begun on 42 percent of the acreage, compared with 47 percent last year and 39 percent for the 5-year average. Forty-two percent of Iowa's crop and 35 percent of Nebraska's crop emerged during that final week. At month's end, emergence was behind normal in Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, and North Carolina but ahead of normal in all other States. Sunflower seeding began at the normal pace, 4 percent complete at mid-month, but advanced well during the final 2 weeks of May. At month's end, 45 percent of the acreage had been sown, 8 points ahead of last year and 12 points ahead of normal. The most rapid progress was in North Dakota, where growers planted nearly 60 percent of their acreage in the last half of the month and were 18 points ahead of normal. Colorado and South Dakota growers were also ahead of their normal pace, while Kansas producers trailed 3 points behind normal. Peanut planting remained behind normal throughout the month, despite rapid progress after mid-month. On May 28, planting was 76 percent complete, compared with 80 percent last year and 83 percent for the 5-year average. Florida, Oklahoma, and South Carolina growers all trailed the normal planting pace by a week or more, while only in Texas and Virginia was progress ahead of normal. Cotton producers slipped behind their normal planting pace at mid-month, but recovered to finish the month ahead of normal. At month's end, 85 percent of the acreage had been planted, 4 points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Progress was 1 point behind normal in California, Missouri, and Oklahoma, but was at or ahead of the normal pace in all other States. North Carolina and Tennessee growers progressed the most during the month, planting 76 and 80 percent of their acreage, respectively. By May 28, squaring was underway on 4 percent of the acreage nationwide but was confined to Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. The first crop condition estimate of the season, on May 28, had 43 percent of the crop rated as good or excellent, compared with 60 percent last year. Sugarbeet planting began the month behind the normal pace, at 55 percent complete, and remained behind normal through mid-month. However, rapid progress in the Red River Valley pushed planting ahead of normal. On May 21, ninety-six percent of the crop had been seeded, compared with 100 percent last year and 94 percent for the 5-year average. Idaho and Michigan growers had finished planting their acreage by mid-month, while Minnesota and North Dakota growers were 94 and 93 percent complete, respectively, on May 21, slightly ahead of normal. Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.26 billion bushels, down 4 percent from the May 1 forecast and down 16 percent from 2005. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 40.5 bushels per acre, down 1.9 bushels from the previous forecast. Grain area totals 31.2 million acres, unchanged from last month. As of May 28, heading had reached 79 percent in the 18 major States, 2 percentage points above the 5-year average. Progress was significantly ahead of normal during the first part of the month due primarily to above average temperatures, but was almost even with the 5-year average by the end of the month. Harvest was underway in the southern-most portions of the growing area. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's level in all 6 States. Condition ratings declined in the central and southern Great Plains States during May due primarily to continued drought conditions. Harvest was in full swing in both Texas and Oklahoma, with progress in Oklahoma running well ahead of normal. In Texas, wheat production is forecast to be the lowest since 1971. Oklahoma wheat production is forecast at the lowest level since 1957. In Kansas, disease pressure is slightly above normal and localized frost damage from a late April freeze in the western and northcentral growing regions affected yield potential. Farther north, soil moisture remains a concern in Nebraska and South Dakota. In Montana, the crop remains in good condition, but was affected by above normal temperatures and high winds. Yield prospects are down from the previous month in all States in the HRW growing area except for Oklahoma. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 3 Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are above last year's level in Illinois and Missouri but below in Ohio. Condition ratings in Ohio declined due to cool and wet weather during May. In Missouri, harvest progress is ahead of normal and the crop is in good condition. Overall, yield prospects across the SRW growing area remain good. Record high yields are forecast in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Illinois. The Pacific Northwest States' (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) yields are down from the previous month in Idaho but unchanged in Washington and Oregon. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year's final counts. In Oregon and Idaho, winter wheat remains in good condition and above normal snow pack should continue to provide ample irrigation water supplies. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 13.0 million bushels, up 2 percent from May 1 but 10 percent below their 2005 total of 14.5 million bushels. In California, the harvest is nearly complete. A cool growing season allowed for good grain fill and better yields than last year. Peaches: The 2006 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 870,000 tons, down 12 percent from 2005 and 21 percent below 2 years ago. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 380,000 tons, down 5 percent from the May 1 forecast and 21 percent below 2005. Rain during March and April along with below average temperatures have California growers concerned about their 2006 Clingstone peach crop. Warmer temperatures toward the later part of April helped fruit growth. Set in Yuba and Sutter counties is reported to be down from last year, while the set in the Modesto area is reported to be normal. The early varieties reportedly have the best fruit set, while the late and extra late varieties appear to have the lightest sets. Harvest is expected to begin around June 25. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 380,000 tons, up 3 percent from the May 1 forecast but 1 percent below the 2005 crop. Wet and cool weather during the spring has delayed crop maturity. Set in the early varieties is reported to be normal. However, set in the mid to late season varieties is reported to be lighter and inconsistent. This lower set is likely the result of frost which occurred earlier in the season. Harvest gained momentum during June with Crimson Lady, Crown Princess, Spring Snow, and Springtreat the major varieties harvested. The South Carolina crop is forecast at 60,000 tons, down 20 percent from last year and 14 percent below the 2004 crop. A late frost and freeze occurred in upstate South Carolina during the bloom and early fruit development stages. Widely scattered hailstorms have also caused extensive damage to some producers' fruit crops. Other growers have experienced no damage from weather and are reporting a good crop. Georgia's peach crop is forecast at 50,000 tons, up 25 percent from last year's below-normal crop but 5 percent below 2004. A cool and dry spring delayed fruit maturity, while a late March freeze cut potential production on some early varieties. However, the dry weather reduced disease pressures and the overall crop condition is reported as good. Harvest began in mid May and reached 9 percent complete at month's end, which is about a week behind the normal pace. Fruit size and quality are expected to be good. Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett Pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 440,000 tons, up 12 percent from last year but 4 percent below 2004. Production in California is forecast at 195,000 tons, up 19 percent from last season but 13 percent below 2 years ago. The Bartlett bloom period was lengthened particularly in the Sacramento River and Mendocino areas due to rain and cool temperatures. The Lake County area is reported to have an excellent crop. Bloom in this area occurred after the spring rains and cooler temperatures subsided. Harvest in the Sacramento River growing area will begin around mid-July. Oregon growers expect to harvest 60,000 tons, up 3 percent from last year but 5 percent below the 2004 Bartlett crop. Overall growing conditions have been favorable for pear production. The bloom stage progressed with few reported problems. Bartletts grown along the Oregon / Washington border and those grown in southern Oregon are doing better than they have in years. However, this season's precipitation is about 150 percent of normal, which has caused some disease problems, as orchardists have had difficulty applying fungicides. Washington's Bartlett crop is forecast at 185,000 tons, up 9 percent from 2005 and 8 percent above 2 years ago. Most growers report good growing conditions and have a favorable outlook on this season's crop. A good snowpack is expected to provide adequate irrigation water throughout the growing season. Scattered hail caused some crop damage but does not appear to be widespread. Sweet Cherries: The 2006 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 245,000 tons, up 12 percent from 2005 but 2 percent below 2004. Washington's 2006 production is forecast at 150,000 tons, up 9 percent from last year. Washington's cherry crop experienced a relatively mild winter in the Yakima area with some spring frost damage in the Wenatchee area. Crop development is several days behind last year. Quality and sizing are expected to be very good. The California crop, at 45,000 tons, is down 15 percent from 2005 and 38 percent below 2004. Excessive rain during bloom resulted in poor pollination. This, combined with a lack of chilling hours and an extreme freeze in February, created undesirable conditions for fruit set. Harvest is expected to peak during the first 2 weeks of June. Oregon production is forecasted to be 50,000 tons, up 79 percent from last year's small crop. Growing conditions overall have been favorable. Prunes: California's 2006 prune production is forecast at 145,000 dried tons, up 61 percent from last year's crop of 90,000 tons and 196 percent above the record low crop of 49,000 tons in 2004. The 2006 crop, although much higher than the last 2 seasons, is still smaller than most previous years. This is because the 2004 and 2005 seasons were adversely affected by excessive heat during the March blooming period which significantly reduced production. The 2006 crop experienced an unseasonably rainy period during bloom. The rainy conditions hampered bee pollination activities and fruit set was reduced statewide. Fruit development is approximately 2 weeks behind schedule. Apricots: California's 2006 production is forecast at 37,000 tons, down 51 percent from the 2005 crop and 61 percent less than 2004. Freezing temperatures during mid-February adversely affected early blooming orchards. These early blooming orchards were caused by unseasonably warm winter temperatures. The weak and staggered bloom caused by the freezing temperatures was further adversely impacted by rain and hail storms. However, fruit size is exceptional on this small crop. Florida Citrus: Growing conditions in Florida citrus producing areas were generally hot and dry for most of May. Daytime high temperatures were often in the low to mid 90's with lows in the mid 70's. Some rain fell during the month, but most of this was reported during the last two weeks of the month. As humidity levels increased, thunderclouds formed but any resulting rain was generally localized. Rainfall totals for the year are below average for all the citrus reporting stations. Groves that have been irrigated on a continuing basis are reported in fair to good condition but those without irrigation are showing signs of stress. Some growers sprayed copper to suppress citrus canker and began routine summer spraying programs. Valencia orange harvest continues while harvest is complete for all other citrus varieties. Most packinghouses are closed for the season, and only 10 processing plants and several fresh squeeze plants remain open. California Citrus: Navel and Valencia orange harvests continued during May but picking and packing began to slow down. Some of the smaller navel packers were finishing up their harvest season. Commercial harvest of lemons, tangelos, tangerines, pummelos, and hybrid grapefruit was complete in the San Joaquin Valley. However, harvest of lemons and grapefruit continued in the southern coastal growing region. Grapefruit varieties picked and packed included Marsh White, Marsh Ruby, and Star Ruby. Harvest of Marsh Ruby variety grapefruit was nearly complete in the Coachella Valley. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Harvest of many fruit varieties began during May as warmer temperatures enhanced fruit size and maturity. Harvest of Perlette and Flame Seedless variety table grapes was underway in the Coachella Valley, and stone fruit harvesting was active in the San Joaquin Valley. Among the stone fruit varieties harvested during the month were: Early Treat, April Snow, Super Rich, and May Snow peaches; Red Beaut and Early Queen plums; and Spring Flare, May Fire, Red Roy, and May Glo nectarines. By mid-month, apricots began showing good size and color, and by month's end, harvest was underway of Poppycot, Poppy, Golden Sweet, Diamond Cot, and Castlebrite varieties. Cherry harvest began in Kern County at the beginning of May. By the end of the month, harvest was underway in most of California's cherry growing regions. Primary cherry varieties harvested were Brooks and Tulare. Periods of rain during the month hampered both strawberry harvest and fruit quality in Monterey County. Blueberry and strawberry harvest was underway in the San Joaquin Valley, with increasing demand noted. Pomegranates were in bloom. Field work underway during May included irrigation in fruit and nut orchards and grape vineyards and thinning in stone fruit orchards. Unseasonable rain arrived in late May, threatening fruit quality. Relatively little damage resulted, but the threat created by this late season rain prompted many fruit growers to hire helicopters to hover over their orchards in order to dry off the fruit in case temperatures warmed up too quickly. Grape growers continued normal activities including cultivation, furrowing, irrigation, and mildew control. Thompson Seedless vines began blooming in the San Joaquin Valley and spray programs were underway. Field crews in grape vineyards were busy suckering and leaf pulling as well as training canes onto trellises. Spray applications for weed and mildew control and treatments for coddling moth, mites, and lygus were underway in almond, pistachio and walnut orchards. Spraying to control blight continued in walnut orchards. Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 1.22 million tons, virtually unchanged from last month's forecast but 21 percent above last season's final utilization. Florida's grapefruit forecast, at 19.3 million boxes (820,000 tons), is up 1 percent from May and 51 percent above last season's final utilization. Excluding last season's hurricane-affected crop, Florida utilized grapefruit production has not been this low since the 1941-42 season. The white grapefruit forecast is 6.50 million boxes (276,000 tons), unchanged from May but 91 percent above last season. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 12.8 million boxes (544,000 tons), is up 1 percent from May 1 and 36 percent above last season's final utilization. Utilization data, as reported by the Citrus Administrative Committee, are the primary indications used in setting the June 1 grapefruit forecast. Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangerines: The 2005-06 U.S. tangerine crop forecast is 432,000 tons, up 1 percent from the previous forecast and 31 percent higher than last season's final utilization of 331,000 tons. Florida's tangerine crop, at 5.50 million boxes (261,000 tons), is up 2 percent from the previous forecast and 24 percent higher than last season's utilization of 4.45 million boxes. Harvest of Florida's late season Honey variety tangerines continued through May but is now virtually complete. Arizona and California tangerine forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo forecast, at 1.40 million boxes (63,000 tons), is unchanged from May 1 but 10 percent lower than last season's final utilized production. Tangelo utilization is complete for the season with over 60 percent of the fruit being processed. Temples: Florida's Temple forecast is 700,000 boxes (32,000 tons) for the 2005-06 season, unchanged from May but 8 percent above last season's final utilization of 650,000 boxes. If attained, this will be the second lowest utilization since Temple forecasts began with the 1951-52 season. Temple utilization peaked in the 1979-80 season at 6.00 million boxes, and has declined steadily since. Temple harvest is complete for the season. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization is estimated at 1.96 million pounds for May, up 4 percent from last month but 28 percent lower than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,000 acres, down 2 percent from last month and 20 percent below May 2005. Harvested area totaled 1,740 acres, down 2 percent from May but 21 percent higher than the same month last year. Papaya orchards experienced favorable growing conditions in May with adequate moisture and longer, sunny days. Newer plantings made good progress with new leaves and steady flowering reported. New trees were planted to replace those lost due to the wet conditions earlier in the year. Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2006 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 28,928 acres, 2 percent less than the revised 2005 crop of 29,463 acres but 4 percent more than the 2004 crop of 27,742 acres. Washington, with 21,115 acres for harvest, strung 102 acres more than last year's revised acreage. Washington accounts for 73 percent of the U.S. total acreage. Oregon hop growers plan to string 5,036 acres or 17 percent of the U.S. total for 2006, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 10 percent, or 2,777 acres strung for harvest. Oregon and Idaho growers decreased their hop acreage from last year by 2 percent and 16 percent, respectively, while Washington acreage increased by less than 1 percent. Aroma hops are mostly halfway to the wire, while alphas are one quarter to one third to the wire. Water supplies are expected to be adequate this season, as precipitation was good this winter and spring. Disease concerns are mostly average this year. Mildew presence is normal. Wide temperature swings this spring have brought on some virus development, but no real impact is expected as temperatures are leveling out. Sugarbeets: Production in 2005 is revised to 27.5 million tons, fractionally lower than the January end of season estimate and 8 percent below 2004. Area harvested totaled 1.24 million acres, 4,000 above January but 5 percent below the previous year and the smallest harvested area since 2001. The revised yield is 22.2 tons per acre, down 0.1 ton from the January estimate and 0.8 ton below the 2004 yield. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2005 is revised to 26.6 million tons, down 2 percent from the March 1 estimate, down 8 percent from the previous year, and the lowest production since 1979. Area harvested for sugar and seed totaled 922,600 acres, fractionally below the previous estimate and 2 percent below 2004. The estimated yield of cane for sugar and seed is 28.8 tons per acre, 0.8 ton below March and 2.1 tons below the 2004 yield. Production decreased in all States from the previous year, with the largest declines in Florida and Louisiana due to the effects of hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma. Though area harvested for sugar decreased by 21,300 acres from 2004, area harvested for seed was up by 5,700 acres. As a result of lower yields and the acreage shift, production for sugar declined by 9 percent from last year, while production for seed rose by 6 percent. Sweet Potatoes: Production for the 2005 crop year is revised to 15.7 million cwt, virtually unchanged from the annual estimate made in January but down 2 percent from 2004. Area harvested, at 88,400 acres, is up 1 percent from January but down 5 percent from 2004. The average yield, at 178 cwt per acre, is down 1 cwt from the January estimate but 4 cwt above 2004. This is the largest yield on record, surpassing the previous record high of 174 cwt set in 2004. The sweet potato estimate in California, at 3.34 million cwt, is down 5 percent from January based on a 15 cwt per acre decrease in yield. Mississippi production increased 4 percent due to an increase in acreage. South Carolina production decreased 5 percent based on reduced acres. Texas production is up 30 percent from January due to yields being higher than expected but still below the average. The below average yield is due to drought conditions during the 2005 growing season. Maple Syrup: The 2006 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.45 million gallons, up 17 percent from 2005. The number of taps is estimated at 7.26 million, up 2 percent from the 2005 total of 7.10 million, while the yield per tap is estimated to be 0.200 gallons, up 14 percent from the previous season. Vermont led all States in production with 460,000 gallons, an increase of 12 percent from 2005. Maine's production, at 300,000 gallons, increased 13 percent from last season. Production in New York, at 253,000 gallons, is 14 percent above 2005. Production doubled in Wisconsin, and is up 34 percent in Michigan, 13 percent in Ohio, 12 percent in New Hampshire, and 8 percent in Pennsylvania. Production remained the same in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Large increases in yield as well as additional taps set in many States led to this year's increased production. Temperatures in the maple producing States varied across the country. While producers in Maine, Michigan, Ohio, Vermont, and Wisconsin reported favorable conditions, producers in the other 5 States experienced weather that was either too warm or too cold for favorable sap flow. On average, the season lasted approximately 28 days compared to 24 days in 2005. Michigan and Pennsylvania had the earliest season opening date of January 1. Michigan also had the latest sap flow in 2006 with an approximate season ending date of May 2. Sugar content of the sap for 2006 is down from last year. On average, approximately 43 gallons of sap were required to produce one gallon of syrup. This compares to with 40 gallons in 2005 and 42 gallons in 2004. The majority of the syrup produced this year is of medium color. The 2005 U.S. average price per gallon is $29.90, up $1.50 from the 2004 price of $28.40. The U.S. value of production, at $37.1 million for 2005, is down 13 percent from 2004. The average price per gallon increased in all States except Connecticut and Michigan. Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecast Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 22 and June 6 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 71 percent of the 2005 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,400 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components, are used to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from April. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.1 percent. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 70 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.5 percent. Changes between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 122,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons. The June 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 14 times. The difference does not imply that the June 1 forecasts this year are likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Greg Thessen, Acting Chief(202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Greg Thessen, Head(202) 720-2127 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings(202) 720-5944 Scott Cox - Wheat, Rye(202) 720-8068 Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed(202) 720-9526 Dennis Koong - Peanuts, Rice(202) 720-7688 Jason Lamprecht - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds(202) 720-7369 Travis Thorson - Hay, Oats, Sorghum(202) 690-3234 Brian Young - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops(202) 720-7621 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Jim Smith, Head(202) 720-2127 Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco(202) 720-7235 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries(202) 720-2157 Rich Holcomb - Citrus, Tropical Fruits(202) 720-5412 Doug Marousek - Floriculture, Nursery, Nuts(202) 720-4215 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas(202) 720-3250 Terry O'Connor - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries, Plums, Prunes(202) 720-4288 Kim Ritchie - Hops(360) 902-1940 Cathy Scherrer - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes(202) 720-4285 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! 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