Cr Pr 2-2 (5-09) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released May 12, 2009, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down 20 Percent from 2008 All Orange Production Unchanged from April Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.50 billion bushels, down 20 percent from 2008. Expected area for harvest as grain or seed totals 34.0 million acres, down 14 percent from last year. Based on May 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.2 bushels per acre, down 3.0 bushels from the previous year. Hard Red production is down 16 percent from a year ago to 871 million bushels. Soft Red production is down 31 percent and totals 422 million bushels. White production totals 208 million bushels, down 5 percent from a year ago. Of the White production total, 20.8 million bushels are Hard White and 188 million bushels are Soft White. The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2008-09 season is 9.16 million tons, unchanged from the April forecast but 9 percent lower than the 2007-08 final utilization of 10.1 million tons. The Florida all orange forecast, at 158 million boxes (7.09 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but down 7 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 84.6 million boxes (3.81 million tons), unchanged from the April forecast but up 1 percent from last season. The Florida Valencia forecast, at 73.0 million boxes (3.29 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 16 percent less than the 2007-08 crop. The monthly row count survey indicated that harvest of early, midseason, and navel oranges was essentially complete for the season and that approximately 52 percent of the Valencia orange rows had been harvested. Valencia fruit size continued to measure below average and the rate of fruit drop remained slightly above average. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried forward from April. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2008-09 season is 1.65 gallons per box at 42 degrees Brix, up 1 percent from the April forecast but 1 percent lower than last season's record yield of 1.67 gallons per box. The early-midseason portion is final at a record high 1.60 gallons per box, up 3 percent from last season's final yield of 1.55 gallons per box. The Valencia portion increased from 1.70 gallons per box to 1.73 gallons per box, 3 percent lower than last year's final yield of 1.79 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. This report was approved on May 12, 2009. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Kathleen A. Merrigan Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Carol C. House Contents Page Grains & Hay Hay Stocks.......................................................................6 Wheat, By Class..................................................................5 Wheat, Durum.....................................................................5 Wheat, Winter....................................................................4 Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops Cotton..........................................................................14 Cumulative Boll Counts.......................................................17 Harvest Loss per Acre........................................................16 Cottonseed......................................................................16 Tobacco..........................................................................9 Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts Almonds.........................................................................13 Bananas.........................................................................12 Guavas..........................................................................12 Papayas.........................................................................12 Peaches.........................................................................13 Citrus Fruits Grapefruit.......................................................................7 Lemons...........................................................................7 Oranges..........................................................................7 Tangelos.........................................................................7 Tangerines and Mandarins.........................................................7 Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops Potatoes.........................................................................8 Taro............................................................................12 Crop Comments.........................................................................27 Crop Summary..........................................................................18 Information Contacts..................................................................34 Reliability of Production Data in this Report.........................................32 Weather Maps..........................................................................24 Weather Summary.......................................................................25 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 Acres -- -- Bushels -- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AR : 980 430 57.0 54.0 28,700 55,860 23,220 CA : 400 280 85.0 80.0 21,465 34,000 22,400 CO : 1,900 2,300 30.0 32.0 91,650 57,000 73,600 GA : 400 240 56.0 50.0 9,200 22,400 12,000 ID : 800 700 75.0 82.0 51,830 60,000 57,400 IL : 1,150 800 64.0 63.0 48,950 73,600 50,400 IN : 560 430 69.0 69.0 20,720 38,640 29,670 KS : 8,900 8,500 40.0 40.0 283,800 356,000 340,000 KY : 460 400 71.0 72.0 12,000 32,660 28,800 MD : 180 180 73.0 67.0 10,560 13,140 12,060 MI : 710 570 69.0 69.0 34,450 48,990 39,330 MS : 485 200 62.0 60.0 18,480 30,070 12,000 MO : 1,160 750 48.0 51.0 37,840 55,680 38,250 MT : 2,420 2,400 39.0 39.0 83,220 94,380 93,600 ND : 550 490 41.0 46.0 21,805 22,550 22,540 NE : 1,670 1,600 44.0 42.0 84,280 73,480 67,200 NY : 122 110 63.0 58.0 4,505 7,686 6,380 NC : 720 510 60.0 55.0 20,000 43,200 28,050 OH : 1,090 990 68.0 66.0 44,530 74,120 65,340 OK : 4,500 3,500 37.0 23.0 98,000 166,500 80,500 OR : 775 720 58.0 53.0 38,160 44,950 38,160 PA : 185 180 64.0 59.0 8,990 11,840 10,620 SC : 205 160 54.0 51.0 4,050 11,070 8,160 SD : 1,890 1,550 55.0 49.0 91,080 103,950 75,950 TN : 520 300 63.0 64.0 10,660 32,760 19,200 TX : 3,300 2,400 30.0 27.0 140,600 99,000 64,800 VA : 280 245 71.0 66.0 13,120 19,880 16,170 WA : 1,720 1,700 56.0 60.0 104,780 96,320 102,000 WI : 335 305 66.0 62.0 18,360 22,110 18,910 : Oth : Sts 1/: 1,247 1,055 53.0 43.0 43,456 66,067 45,364 : US : 39,614 33,995 47.2 44.2 1,499,241 1,867,903 1,502,074 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, DE, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2009 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres --- Bushels -- ------- 1,000 Bushels ------ : AZ : 149 125 98.0 105.0 8,364 14,602 13,125 CA : 155 135 105.0 90.0 8,000 16,275 12,150 MT : 570 19.0 11,400 10,830 ND : 1,690 25.0 43,070 42,250 : Oth : Sts 2/: 20 46.0 1,390 920 : US : 2,584 32.8 72,224 84,877 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2009. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 10, 2009. 2/ Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2009 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter :--------------------------------------------------------- Year : Hard : Soft : Hard : Soft : All : Red : Red : White : White : White ---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2007 : 955,555 352,026 21,454 170,206 191,660 2008 :1,035,235 613,578 22,730 196,360 219,090 2009 : 871,394 422,313 20,764 187,603 208,367 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Spring : :---------------------------------------------------------: : Hard : Hard : Soft : All : : Total : Red : White : White : White : Durum : :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2007 : 450,070 5,585 23,968 29,553 72,224 2,051,088 2008 : 511,508 6,315 28,921 35,236 84,877 2,499,524 2009 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States, December 1 and May 1, 2006-2009 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dec 1 : May 1 State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 1,065 1,318 1,540 144 150 375 AZ : 350 260 475 35 36 50 AR : 2,140 2,700 3,020 160 530 570 CA : 1,785 1,890 2,380 202 250 470 CO : 2,130 2,400 1,975 290 520 400 CT : 65 69 65 12 8 9 DE : 18 8 20 4 1 4 FL : 380 492 587 21 66 58 GA : 878 1,013 1,319 82 145 238 ID : 2,575 2,400 2,012 320 300 450 IL : 1,690 1,100 1,386 325 210 300 IN : 1,475 973 1,191 198 93 185 IA : 3,900 3,500 3,918 684 640 750 KS : 4,390 5,465 5,700 600 1,100 1,350 KY : 4,550 3,312 4,169 600 186 465 LA : 690 820 921 57 100 60 ME : 140 160 145 27 27 18 MD : 452 240 431 60 52 111 MA : 84 74 77 13 12 12 MI : 2,385 1,700 1,998 350 320 450 MN : 4,200 3,140 3,891 740 535 790 MS : 1,186 1,459 1,365 78 196 214 MO : 5,415 6,662 7,744 625 900 2,050 MT : 4,105 4,530 3,831 760 1,025 590 NE : 3,575 4,205 4,115 840 990 935 NV : 879 767 1,000 202 90 170 NH : 66 57 70 12 6 8 NJ : 97 68 94 10 5 26 NM : 470 580 600 105 125 105 NY : 1,451 1,674 1,453 326 283 420 NC : 1,280 682 962 120 79 311 ND : 4,375 4,990 4,032 609 1,260 700 OH : 2,155 1,653 1,992 356 165 325 OK : 3,275 6,100 4,595 400 1,600 1,000 OR : 1,840 1,700 1,561 180 150 270 PA : 3,485 1,750 2,500 520 500 700 RI : 8 6 10 3 1 1 SC : 468 350 451 65 55 115 SD : 5,120 7,816 7,660 1,150 1,930 1,900 TN : 3,103 2,121 3,038 425 215 552 TX : 7,550 13,400 8,483 885 4,906 2,100 UT : 1,410 1,130 1,300 185 215 285 VT : 223 228 175 38 60 37 VA : 2,190 1,705 2,174 268 226 450 WA : 1,339 1,335 1,182 240 200 350 WV : 816 720 916 136 92 156 WI : 3,577 3,467 3,603 1,308 790 950 WY : 1,600 1,900 1,532 220 240 230 : US : 96,400 104,089 103,658 14,990 21,585 22,065 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 2006-07, 2007-08 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006-07 : 2007-08 : 2008-09 : 2006-07 : 2007-08 : 2008-09 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Boxes 2/ ----- ------- 1,000 Tons ------ Oranges : Early, Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 200 230 150 7 9 6 CA 4/ : 34,500 45,000 38,000 1,294 1,688 1,425 FL : 65,600 83,500 84,600 2,952 3,757 3,807 TX 4/ : 1,600 1,500 1,550 68 64 66 US : 101,900 130,230 124,300 4,321 5,518 5,304 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 100 150 150 4 6 6 CA 4/ : 11,500 17,000 15,000 431 638 563 FL : 63,400 86,700 73,000 2,853 3,902 3,285 TX 4/ : 380 234 150 16 10 6 US : 75,380 104,084 88,300 3,304 4,556 3,860 All : AZ 4/ : 300 380 300 11 15 12 CA 4/ : 46,000 62,000 53,000 1,725 2,326 1,988 FL : 129,000 170,200 157,600 5,805 7,659 7,092 TX 4/ : 1,980 1,734 1,700 84 74 72 US : 177,280 234,314 212,600 7,625 10,074 9,164 Grapefruit : White : FL : 9,300 9,000 7,000 395 383 298 Colored : FL : 17,900 17,600 15,500 761 748 659 All : AZ 4/ : 100 100 150 3 3 5 CA 4/ : 5,500 5,200 4,400 184 174 147 FL : 27,200 26,600 22,500 1,156 1,131 957 TX 4/ : 7,100 6,100 6,200 284 244 248 US : 39,900 38,000 33,250 1,627 1,552 1,357 Tangerines and Manda: AZ 4/ 5/ : 300 400 250 11 15 9 CA 4/ 5/ : 3,500 6,700 6,700 131 251 251 FL : 4,600 5,500 3,900 219 261 185 US : 8,400 12,600 10,850 361 527 445 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 2,500 1,500 2,500 95 57 95 CA : 18,500 14,800 19,000 703 562 722 US : 21,000 16,300 21,500 798 619 817 Tangelos : FL : 1,250 1,500 1,150 56 68 52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Spring Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2007-2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : : :---------------------------------: Yield : Production State : Planted : Harvested : : :------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 :2008 :2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 Acres -------- -- Cwt -- ----- 1,000 Cwt ---- : AZ : 3.5 4.0 3.5 4.0 300 280 1,120 1,050 1,120 CA : 15.4 17.5 15.4 17.5 450 430 6,123 6,930 7,525 FL : 28.5 29.3 27.9 28.6 285 274 7,807 7,952 7,846 Hastings : 17.4 17.8 17.0 17.4 285 290 4,617 4,845 5,046 Other FL : 11.1 11.5 10.9 11.2 285 250 3,190 3,107 2,800 NC : 14.5 16.0 14.0 15.0 180 195 2,700 2,520 2,925 TX : 8.4 8.8 8.0 8.3 210 230 2,070 1,680 1,909 : Total : 70.3 75.6 68.8 73.4 293 291 19,820 20,132 21,325 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2007-2008 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Acres ------ --- Pounds --- --- 1,000 Pounds --- : CT : 2,900 2,600 1,733 1,352 5,025 3,516 GA : 18,500 16,000 2,150 2,100 39,775 33,600 KY : 89,200 87,800 2,209 2,345 197,040 205,850 MA : 1,320 690 1,725 1,403 2,277 968 MO : 1,600 1,500 2,330 2,240 3,728 3,360 NC : 170,000 174,300 2,255 2,240 383,420 390,360 OH : 3,500 3,400 2,050 2,050 7,175 6,970 PA : 7,900 7,900 2,318 2,232 18,310 17,630 SC : 20,500 19,000 2,250 2,100 46,125 39,900 TN : 19,980 21,800 1,934 2,403 38,636 52,380 VA : 20,600 19,500 2,240 2,357 46,142 45,970 : US : 356,000 354,490 2,213 2,258 787,653 800,504 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price : Value of : per Pound : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Dollars ------ ------ 1,000 Dollars ----- : CT 2/ : 6.400 5.900 22,496 13,841 GA : 1.530 1.700 60,856 57,120 KY : 1.732 1.859 341,268 382,593 MA 2/ : 6.600 5.500 12,923 4,015 MO : 1.650 1.750 6,151 5,880 NC : 1.531 1.760 587,029 686,921 OH : 1.570 1.630 11,265 11,361 PA 3/ : 1.650 1.735 26,219 24,040 SC : 1.500 1.740 69,188 69,426 TN : 1.962 2.109 75,823 110,448 VA : 1.543 1.790 71,206 82,296 CT & MA 4/ : 24.500 44,811 : US 3/ 5/ : 1.693 1.861 1,329,235 1,482,437 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. 2/ Price and value includes CT Valley Broadleaf only. CT Valley Shade-grown is not included in State totals to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3/ Price and value for 2007 and 2008 exclude Southern MD Belt tobacco to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 4/ Includes CT Valley Shade-grown only. CT and MA combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not available for 2008. 5/ Includes estimated 2008 value of production for CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown. Used 2007 CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown price to compute the 2008 value of production. Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State, and United States, 2007-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Class and Type :------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- --- Pounds --- 1,000 Pounds : Class 1, Flue-cured : GA : 18,500 16,000 2,150 2,100 39,775 33,600 NC : 166,000 171,000 2,270 2,250 376,820 384,750 SC : 20,500 19,000 2,250 2,100 46,125 39,900 VA : 18,000 17,000 2,280 2,410 41,040 40,970 US : 223,000 223,000 2,259 2,239 503,760 499,220 Class 2, Fire-cured : KY : 8,000 10,900 3,000 3,500 24,000 38,150 TN : 6,200 7,200 2,600 3,200 16,120 23,040 VA : 400 500 1,920 2,000 768 1,000 US : 14,600 18,600 2,801 3,344 40,888 62,190 Class 3, Air-cured : Light Air-cured : Burley : KY : 77,000 70,000 2,100 2,100 161,700 147,000 MO : 1,600 1,500 2,330 2,240 3,728 3,360 NC : 4,000 3,300 1,650 1,700 6,600 5,610 OH : 3,500 3,400 2,050 2,050 7,175 6,970 PA : 5,000 4,300 2,350 2,300 11,750 9,890 TN : 13,000 13,000 1,600 1,900 20,800 24,700 VA : 2,200 2,000 1,970 2,000 4,334 4,000 US : 106,300 97,500 2,033 2,067 216,087 201,530 Southern MD Belt : PA : 1,100 1,800 2,200 2,100 2,420 3,780 Total Light Air-cured : 107,400 99,300 2,035 2,068 218,507 205,310 Dark Air-cured : KY : 4,200 6,900 2,700 3,000 11,340 20,700 TN : 780 1,600 2,200 2,900 1,716 4,640 US : 4,980 8,500 2,622 2,981 13,056 25,340 Class 4, Cigar Filler : PA Seedleaf : PA : 1,800 1,800 2,300 2,200 4,140 3,960 Class 5, Cigar Binder : CT Valley Binder : CT : 1,900 1,700 1,850 1,380 3,515 2,346 MA : 1,100 500 1,780 1,460 1,958 730 US : 3,000 2,200 1,824 1,398 5,473 3,076 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper : CT Valley Shade-grown : CT : 1,000 900 1,510 1,300 1,510 1,170 MA : 220 190 1,450 1,250 319 238 US : 1,220 1,090 1,499 1,292 1,829 1,408 All Cigar Types : 6,020 5,090 1,901 1,659 11,442 8,444 : All Tobacco : 356,000 354,490 2,213 2,258 787,653 800,504 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, and United States, 2007-2008 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per : Value of : Pound : Production Class and Type :----------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ Dollars ----- ---- 1,000 Dollars ---- : Class 1, Flue-cured : GA : 1.530 1.700 60,856 57,120 NC : 1.530 1.760 576,535 677,160 SC : 1.500 1.740 69,188 69,426 VA : 1.530 1.790 62,791 73,336 US : 1.527 1.757 769,370 877,042 Class 2, Fire-cured : KY : 2.400 2.450 57,600 93,468 TN : 2.420 2.490 39,010 57,370 VA : 2.040 2.160 1,567 2,160 US : 2.401 2.460 98,177 152,998 Class 3, Air-cured : Light Air-cured : Burley : KY : 1.600 1.650 258,720 242,550 MO : 1.650 1.750 6,151 5,880 NC : 1.590 1.740 10,494 9,761 OH : 1.570 1.630 11,265 11,361 PA : 1.650 1.750 19,388 17,308 TN : 1.590 1.730 33,072 42,731 VA : 1.580 1.700 6,848 6,800 US : 1.601 1.669 345,938 336,391 Southern MD Belt : PA 2/ : Total Light Air-cured 2/ : Dark Air-cured : KY : 2.200 2.250 24,948 46,575 TN : 2.180 2.230 3,741 10,347 US : 2.197 2.246 28,689 56,922 Class 4, Cigar Filler : PA Seedleaf : PA : 1.650 1.700 6,831 6,732 Class 5, Cigar Binder : CT Valley Binder : CT : 6.400 5.900 22,496 13,841 MA : 6.600 5.500 12,923 4,015 US : 6.472 5.805 35,419 17,856 Class 6, Cigar Wrapper : CT Valley Shade-grown : CT 2/ : MA 2/ : US 3/ : 24.500 44,811 All Cigar Types 4/ : 7.609 3.495 87,061 24,588 : All Tobacco 5/ : 1.693 1.861 1,329,235 1,482,437 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. 2/ Price and value not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3/ Price and value not available for 2008. 4/ The 2008 price and value exclude CT Valley Shade-grown. 5/ Includes estimated 2008 value of production for CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown. Used 2007 CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown price to compute the 2008 value production. Excludes Southern MD belt tobacco for 2007 and 2008 to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2008-2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Feb : 2,040 2,330 1,430 1,400 2,645 2,300 Mar : 2,040 2,330 1,430 1,470 2,620 2,600 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized fresh production. Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, Hawaii, 2007-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- Acres ----- 1,000 Pounds -- 1,000 Pounds -- : Bananas 2/ : 1,300 1,100 19.7 15.8 25,600 17,400 Guavas 2/ : 170 160 25.3 21.9 4,300 3,500 Papayas 2/ : 1,310 1,380 25.5 24.3 33,400 33,500 Taro 3/ : 380 390 4,000 4,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. 2/ Only utilized production is estimated. 3/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California, 2007-2008 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Freestone : 446,000 426,000 370,000 : Clingstone 1/ : 503,000 426,000 430,000 : Total : 949,000 852,000 800,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Almonds Utilized Production, California, 2007-2008 and Forecasted May 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production (Shelled Basis) State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Pounds : CA : 1,390,000 1,550,000 1,450,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield by Type, State, and United States, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Area : Type : Planted : Harvested : Yield and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2007 : 2008 1/ : 2007 : 2008 1/ : 2007 : 2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ---- Pounds ---- : Upland : AL : 400.0 290.0 385.0 286.0 519 787 AZ : 170.0 135.0 168.0 133.0 1,469 1,462 AR : 860.0 620.0 850.0 615.0 1,071 1,012 CA : 195.0 120.0 194.0 117.0 1,608 1,506 FL : 85.0 67.0 81.0 65.0 687 916 GA : 1,030.0 940.0 995.0 920.0 801 835 KS : 47.0 35.0 43.0 25.0 639 653 LA : 335.0 300.0 330.0 234.0 1,017 576 MS : 660.0 365.0 655.0 360.0 966 911 MO : 380.0 306.0 379.0 303.0 968 1,106 NM : 43.0 38.0 39.0 35.0 1,095 974 NC : 500.0 430.0 490.0 428.0 767 847 OK : 175.0 170.0 165.0 155.0 817 811 SC : 180.0 135.0 158.0 134.0 486 881 TN : 515.0 285.0 510.0 280.0 565 909 TX : 4,900.0 5,000.0 4,700.0 3,250.0 843 657 VA : 60.0 61.0 59.0 60.0 829 908 : US : 10,535.0 9,297.0 10,201.0 7,400.0 864 803 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 2.5 0.8 2.5 0.8 883 480 CA : 260.0 155.0 257.0 151.0 1,481 1,281 NM : 4.7 2.6 4.6 1.9 856 758 TX : 25.0 15.6 24.0 15.0 920 768 : US : 292.2 174.0 288.1 168.7 1,419 1,226 : All : AL : 400.0 290.0 385.0 286.0 519 787 AZ : 172.5 135.8 170.5 133.8 1,460 1,456 AR : 860.0 620.0 850.0 615.0 1,071 1,012 CA : 455.0 275.0 451.0 268.0 1,536 1,379 FL : 85.0 67.0 81.0 65.0 687 916 GA : 1,030.0 940.0 995.0 920.0 801 835 KS : 47.0 35.0 43.0 25.0 639 653 LA : 335.0 300.0 330.0 234.0 1,017 576 MS : 660.0 365.0 655.0 360.0 966 911 MO : 380.0 306.0 379.0 303.0 968 1,106 NM : 47.7 40.6 43.6 36.9 1,070 963 NC : 500.0 430.0 490.0 428.0 767 847 OK : 175.0 170.0 165.0 155.0 817 811 SC : 180.0 135.0 158.0 134.0 486 881 TN : 515.0 285.0 510.0 280.0 565 909 TX : 4,925.0 5,015.6 4,724.0 3,265.0 843 658 VA : 60.0 61.0 59.0 60.0 829 908 : US : 10,827.2 9,471.0 10,489.1 7,568.7 879 813 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type, State, and United States, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production in : Lint- : Bales Ginned in Type : 480-lb Net Weight : seed : 480-lb Net Weight and : Bales 1/ : Ratio 2/ : Bales 3/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 4/ : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 4/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 Bales --- -------- Bales -------- : Upland : AL : 416.0 469.0 409,900 465,800 AZ : 514.0 405.0 491,900 386,800 AR : 1,896.0 1,296.0 1,849,700 1,272,100 CA : 650.0 367.0 672,650 383,500 FL : 116.0 124.0 105,900 108,250 GA : 1,660.0 1,600.0 1,672,200 1,620,450 KS : 57.2 34.0 53,500 33,850 LA : 699.0 281.0 712,200 287,100 MS : 1,318.0 683.0 1,300,650 673,700 MO : 764.0 698.0 804,550 715,900 NM : 89.0 71.0 51,100 43,950 NC : 783.0 755.0 791,500 766,400 OK : 281.0 262.0 283,550 259,000 SC : 160.0 246.0 152,800 239,750 TN : 600.0 530.0 602,100 533,000 TX : 8,250.0 4,450.0 8,295,200 4,485,300 VA : 101.9 113.5 98,050 105,400 : US : 18,355.1 12,384.5 18,347,450 12,380,250 : Amer-Pima : AZ : 4.6 0.8 4,550 750 CA : 793.0 403.0 792,650 403,200 NM : 8.2 3.0 10,500 3,800 TX : 46.0 24.0 43,550 22,850 : US : 851.8 430.8 851,250 430,600 : All : AL : 416.0 469.0 409,900 465,800 AZ : 518.6 405.8 496,450 387,550 AR : 1,896.0 1,296.0 0.408 0.410 1,849,700 1,272,100 CA : 1,443.0 770.0 1,465,300 786,700 FL : 116.0 124.0 105,900 108,250 GA : 1,660.0 1,600.0 0.435 0.441 1,672,200 1,620,450 KS : 57.2 34.0 53,500 33,850 LA : 699.0 281.0 0.424 0.427 712,200 287,100 MS : 1,318.0 683.0 0.411 0.413 1,300,650 673,700 MO : 764.0 698.0 804,550 715,900 NM : 97.2 74.0 61,600 47,750 NC : 783.0 755.0 0.429 0.434 791,500 766,400 OK : 281.0 262.0 283,550 259,000 SC : 160.0 246.0 152,800 239,750 TN : 600.0 530.0 602,100 533,000 TX : 8,296.0 4,474.0 0.410 0.409 8,338,750 4,508,150 VA : 101.9 113.5 98,050 105,400 : US : 19,206.9 12,815.3 19,198,700 12,810,850 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ Estimates available only for the 6 States shown. Based on a three-year average. 3/ Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4/ Revised. Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition by State and United States, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Farm Disposition : : :-----------------------------------: Seed for : Production : Sales to : : Planting 2/ State: : Oil Mills : Other 1/ : :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 :2007 3/ : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Tons : AL : 151.0 139.0 25.5 22.0 125.5 117.0 1.8 1.7 AZ : 182.8 140.3 0.0 0.0 182.8 140.3 1.1 1.1 AR : 671.0 443.0 508.0 357.0 163.0 86.0 4.2 3.4 CA : 546.0 280.0 105.0 73.0 441.0 207.0 2.5 1.8 FL : 32.9 32.6 28.2 28.5 4.7 4.1 0.3 0.3 GA : 487.0 508.0 262.0 361.0 225.0 147.0 5.0 4.7 KS : 20.0 12.7 4.0 0.0 16.0 12.7 0.2 0.2 LA : 228.0 89.0 129.0 58.0 99.0 31.0 1.7 2.2 MS : 467.0 230.0 408.0 204.0 59.0 26.0 2.8 2.0 MO : 276.0 240.0 163.0 155.0 113.0 85.0 1.7 1.7 NM : 33.5 25.0 0.0 0.0 33.5 25.0 0.2 0.3 NC : 244.0 231.0 61.0 44.0 183.0 187.0 2.5 2.4 OK : 106.5 90.5 92.4 87.2 14.1 3.3 1.1 1.0 SC : 47.5 88.1 33.9 55.9 13.6 32.2 0.5 0.6 TN : 203.0 169.0 156.0 146.0 47.0 23.0 3.7 2.0 TX : 2,860.7 1,547.1 1,659.1 934.9 1,201.6 612.2 33.1 33.0 VA : 31.8 35.0 0.0 0.0 31.8 35.0 0.6 0.6 : US : 6,588.7 4,300.3 3,635.1 2,526.5 2,953.1 1,773.8 63.0 59.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2/ Included in "other" farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3/ Revised. Cotton: Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 6 cotton producing States during 2008. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey. Cotton: Harvest Loss per Acre, by State, 2004-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : State : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Pounds : AR : 77 138 93 146 144 GA : 128 139 183 185 146 LA : 84 118 127 136 147 MS : 77 73 68 103 118 NC : 165 189 184 134 195 TX : 49 59 56 52 65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, Selected States, 2004-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : AR : Sep : 864 811 859 790 943 : Oct : 771 728 814 839 810 : Nov : 753 733 849 849 852 : Dec : 754 733 824 849 846 : Final : 754 733 824 849 846 : : : : GA : Sep : 646 667 648 616 587 : Oct : 690 689 675 570 613 : Nov : 686 767 774 707 733 : Dec : 687 767 790 708 742 : Final : 687 767 790 708 742 : : LA : Sep : 635 746 760 796 655 : Oct : 707 768 781 808 578 : Nov : 691 775 786 841 579 : Dec : 691 775 785 841 579 : Final : 691 775 785 841 579 : : MS : Sep : 808 818 700 819 909 : Oct : 789 729 699 745 679 : Nov : 780 724 695 747 728 : Dec : 780 722 695 747 722 : Final : 780 722 695 747 722 : : NC : Sep : 758 799 637 527 667 : Oct : 719 693 641 601 652 : Nov : 732 721 671 625 702 : Dec : 733 721 671 625 704 : Final : 733 721 671 625 704 : : TX : Sep : 639 620 530 602 633 : Oct : 672 516 477 538 513 : Nov : 593 586 533 631 579 : Dec : 624 585 544 632 573 : Final : 624 585 544 632 573 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 4,234.0 3,953.0 3,767.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 85,982.0 84,986.0 78,640.0 Corn for Silage : 5,965.0 Hay, All : 60,062.0 60,297.0 Alfalfa : 20,980.0 All Other : 39,082.0 Oats : 3,217.0 3,400.0 1,395.0 Proso Millet : 520.0 460.0 Rice : 2,995.0 3,183.0 2,976.0 Rye : 1,260.0 269.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 8,284.0 6,960.0 7,271.0 Sorghum for Silage : 408.0 Wheat, All : 63,147.0 58,638.0 55,685.0 Winter : 46,281.0 42,889.0 39,614.0 33,995.0 Durum : 2,731.0 2,445.0 2,584.0 Other Spring : 14,135.0 13,304.0 13,487.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,011.0 857.3 989.0 Cottonseed 3/ : Flaxseed : 354.0 386.0 340.0 Mustard Seed : 79.5 71.5 Peanuts : 1,534.0 1,124.0 1,507.0 Rapeseed : 0.2 0.2 Safflower : 202.0 195.0 Soybeans for Beans : 75,718.0 76,024.0 74,641.0 Sunflower : 2,516.5 2,069.5 2,396.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 9,471.0 8,811.5 7,568.7 Upland : 9,297.0 8,668.0 7,400.0 Amer-Pima : 174.0 143.5 168.7 Sugarbeets : 1,090.8 1,151.6 1,004.6 Sugarcane : 868.5 Tobacco : 354.5 353.2 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 17.5 19.0 8.0 Dry Edible Beans : 1,495.0 1,546.1 1,445.2 Dry Edible Peas : 882.5 966.0 847.3 Lentils : 271.0 375.0 263.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.3 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.1 Hops : 40.9 Peppermint Oil : 60.0 Potatoes, All : 1,058.8 1,045.7 Winter : 11.0 9.0 11.0 9.0 Spring : 70.3 75.6 68.8 73.4 Summer : 47.0 44.8 Fall : 930.5 921.1 Spearmint Oil : 20.4 Sweet Potatoes : 102.9 101.9 97.0 Taro (HI) 4/ : 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Acreage is not estimated. 4/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Units:------------------------------------------- : : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley :Bu : 63.6 239,498 Corn for Grain :" : 153.9 12,101,238 Corn for Silage :Tons : 18.7 111,619 Hay, All :" : 2.43 145,672 Alfalfa :" : 3.32 69,620 All Other :" : 1.95 76,052 Oats :Bu : 63.5 88,635 Proso Millet :" : 32.3 14,880 Rice 2/ :Cwt : 6,846 203,733 Rye :Bu : 29.7 7,979 Sorghum for Grain :" : 65.0 472,342 Sorghum for Silage :Tons : 13.8 5,646 Wheat, All :Bu : 44.9 2,499,524 Winter :" : 47.2 44.2 1,867,903 1,502,074 Durum :" : 32.8 84,877 Other Spring :" : 40.5 546,744 : : Oilseeds : : Canola :Lbs : 1,461 1,445,064 Cottonseed 3/ :Tons : 4,300.3 Flaxseed :Bu : 16.8 5,716 Mustard Seed :Lbs : 577 41,255 Peanuts :" : 3,416 5,147,900 Rapeseed :" : 1,500 300 Safflower :" : 1,592 310,433 Soybeans for Beans :Bu : 39.6 2,959,174 Sunflower :Lbs : 1,429 3,422,840 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ :Bales: 813 12,815.3 Upland 2/ :" : 803 12,384.5 Amer-Pima 2/ :" : 1,226 430.8 Sugarbeets :Tons : 26.7 26,820 Sugarcane :" : 33.0 28,636 Tobacco :Lbs : 2,258 800,504 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ :Cwt : 1,300 104 Dry Edible Beans 2/ :" : 1,768 25,558 Dry Edible Peas 2/ :" : 1,448 12,270 Lentils 2/ :" : 917 2,411 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ :" : 580 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) :Lbs : 1,160 7,300 Ginger Root (HI) :" : 30,000 1,800 Hops :" : 1,971 80,630.1 Peppermint Oil :" : 92 5,499 Potatoes, All :Cwt : 395 412,742 Winter :" : 230 240 2,530 2,160 Spring :" : 293 291 20,132 21,325 Summer :" : 306 13,694 Fall :" : 409 376,386 Spearmint Oil :Lbs : 118 2,399 Sweet Potatoes :Cwt : 189 18,345 Taro (HI) 3/ :Lbs : 4,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 1,713,460 1,599,740 1,524,470 Corn for Grain 2/ :34,796,060 34,392,980 31,824,820 Corn for Silage : 2,413,980 Hay, All 3/ : 24,306,490 24,401,590 Alfalfa : 8,490,400 All Other : 15,816,090 Oats : 1,301,890 1,375,950 564,540 Proso Millet : 210,440 186,160 Rice : 1,212,050 1,288,130 1,204,360 Rye : 509,910 108,860 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,352,450 2,816,640 2,942,500 Sorghum for Silage : 165,110 Wheat, All 3/ :25,554,960 23,730,210 22,535,160 Winter :18,729,460 17,356,750 16,031,390 13,757,440 Durum : 1,105,210 989,470 1,045,720 Other Spring : 5,720,290 5,384,000 5,458,050 : Oilseeds : Canola : 409,140 346,940 400,240 Cottonseed 4/ : Flaxseed : 143,260 156,210 137,590 Mustard Seed : 32,170 28,940 Peanuts : 620,790 454,870 609,870 Rapeseed : 80 80 Safflower : 81,750 78,910 Soybeans for Beans :30,642,320 30,766,150 30,206,470 Sunflower : 1,018,400 837,510 969,640 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 3,832,820 3,565,930 3,062,980 Upland : 3,762,400 3,507,850 2,994,710 Amer-Pima : 70,420 58,070 68,270 Sugarbeets : 441,440 466,040 406,550 Sugarcane : 351,470 Tobacco : 143,460 142,940 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 7,080 7,690 3,240 Dry Edible Beans : 605,010 625,690 584,860 Dry Edible Peas : 357,140 390,930 342,890 Lentils : 109,670 151,760 106,430 Wrinkled Seed Peas 4/ : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,550 Ginger Root (HI) : 20 Hops : 16,550 Peppermint Oil : 24,280 Potatoes, All 3/ : 428,490 423,180 Winter : 4,450 3,640 4,450 3,640 Spring : 28,450 30,590 27,840 29,700 Summer : 19,020 18,130 Fall : 376,560 372,760 Spearmint Oil : 8,260 Sweet Potatoes : 41,640 41,240 39,250 Taro (HI) 5/ : 160 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Acreage is not estimated. 5/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.42 5,214,450 Corn for Grain : 9.66 307,385,600 Corn for Silage : 41.95 101,259,050 Hay, All 2/ : 5.44 132,151,420 Alfalfa : 7.44 63,158,200 All Other : 4.36 68,993,210 Oats : 2.28 1,286,530 Proso Millet : 1.81 337,470 Rice : 7.67 9,241,170 Rye : 1.86 202,680 Sorghum for Grain : 4.08 11,998,040 Sorghum for Silage : 31.02 5,121,970 Wheat, All 2/ : 3.02 68,025,900 Winter : 3.17 2.97 50,835,990 40,879,760 Durum : 2.21 2,309,970 Other Spring : 2.73 14,879,930 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.64 655,470 Cottonseed 3/ : 3,901,170 Flaxseed : 1.06 145,190 Mustard Seed : 0.65 18,710 Peanuts : 3.83 2,335,050 Rapeseed : 1.68 140 Safflower : 1.78 140,810 Soybeans for Beans : 2.67 80,535,520 Sunflower : 1.60 1,552,570 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.91 2,790,200 Upland : 0.90 2,696,410 Amer-Pima : 1.37 93,800 Sugarbeets : 59.85 24,330,690 Sugarcane : 73.91 25,978,140 Tobacco : 2.53 363,100 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.46 4,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.98 1,159,290 Dry Edible Peas : 1.62 556,560 Lentils : 1.03 109,360 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : 26,310 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.30 3,310 Ginger Root (HI) : 33.63 820 Hops : 2.21 36,570 Peppermint Oil : 0.10 2,490 Potatoes, All 2/ : 44.24 18,721,660 Winter : 25.78 26.90 114,760 97,980 Spring : 32.80 32.56 913,170 967,290 Summer : 34.26 621,150 Fall : 45.80 17,072,580 Spearmint Oil : 0.13 1,090 Sweet Potatoes : 21.20 832,120 Taro (HI) 3/ : 1,950 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Summary: Production, United States, 2007-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Units :----------------------------------------- : : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit :Tons : 1,627 1,552 1,357 Lemons :" : 798 619 817 Oranges :" : 7,625 10,074 9,164 Tangelos (FL) :" : 56 68 52 Tangerines and Mandarins :" : 361 527 445 : : Noncitrus : : Apples :1,000 Lbs: 9,089.4 10,035.2 Apricots :Tons : 88.5 81.5 Bananas (HI) :Lbs : 25,600.0 17,400.0 Grapes :Tons : 7,037.3 7,434.9 Olives (CA) :" : 132.5 66.8 Papayas (HI) :Lbs : 33,400.0 33,500.0 Peaches :Tons : 1,127.2 1,121.9 Pears :" : 873.0 818.5 Prunes, Dried (CA) :" : 83.0 126.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) :" : 12.1 15.6 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) (shelled) :Lbs : 1,390,000 1,550,000 1,450,000 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) :Tons : 37.0 32.0 Pecans (in-shell) :Lbs : 387,305 191,080 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) :Tons : 328.0 375.0 Maple Syrup :Gals : 1,517 1,635 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2008-09 season. 2/ Production years are 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09. Fruits and Nuts Summary: Production, United States, 2007-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :-------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 1,475,990 1,407,950 1,231,050 Lemons : 723,930 561,550 741,170 Oranges : 6,917,280 9,138,980 8,313,440 Tangelos (FL) : 50,800 61,690 47,170 Tangerines and Mandarins : 327,490 478,090 403,700 : Noncitrus : Apples : 4,122,880 4,551,890 Apricots : 80,250 73,940 Bananas (HI) : 11,610 7,890 Grapes : 6,384,090 6,744,840 Olives (CA) : 120,200 60,600 Papayas (HI) : 15,150 15,200 Peaches : 1,022,530 1,017,780 Pears : 791,930 742,490 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 75,300 114,310 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 10,980 14,150 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) (shelled) : 630,490 703,070 657,710 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) : 33,570 29,030 Pecans (in-shell) : 175,680 86,670 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) : 297,560 340,190 Maple Syrup : 7,580 8,170 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2008-09 season. 2/ Production years are 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09. April Weather Summary Wet weather developed or intensified across much of the Plains, Midwest, and South, boosting soil moisture for pastures, winter grains, and emerging summer crops, but causing lowland flooding and limiting spring planting opportunities. Especially wet conditions enveloped the lower Southeast, including southern Georgia and northern Florida; a portion of the western Gulf Coast region, including the Houston area; and a broad belt stretching from eastern Kansas to Lower Michigan. In the latter region, only 5 percent of the intended corn acreage was planted by May 3 in Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan. Conditions were far drier and more conducive to planting in a small area of the western Corn Belt. At least 40 percent of the corn was planted during the week ending April 26 in Iowa and Minnesota, and by May 3, planting progress reached 60 and 59 percent, respectively, in those 2 states. Relatively dry weather also prevailed in parts of the Dakotas, but fieldwork was severely limited by lingering wetness and flooding in the vicinity of the Red and James Rivers and several other basins. By May 5, the coverage of drought in the contiguous United States reached its lowest area (17 percent) since February 2001, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. However, April showers failed to dampen southern portions of Texas and Florida, resulting in drought intensification and heavy irrigation demands. Farther west, California remained mired in a 3-year drought, although February and March precipitation improved water-supply prospects from dismal, early-year expectations. Elsewhere west of the Rockies, near- to below-normal April temperatures accompanied mostly dry weather in the Southwest and rather stormy, often snowy conditions across the northern Intermountain West. In fact, near- to below-normal temperatures prevailed Nationwide, except for unusual April warmth in the Northeast. Northeastern monthly temperatures averaged as many as 2 to 4 degrees Fahrenheit above normal, aided by a late-April heat wave that pushed temperatures above 90 degrees Fahrenheit as far north as Maine. Near-normal monthly temperatures were nearly irrelevant on the southern Plains, where early-April freezes devastated jointing to heading winter wheat. Much of the damage occurred on the night of April 6-7, when temperatures generally ranged from 15 to 30 degrees in Oklahoma and plunged to the freezing mark or below as far south as central Texas. April Agricultural Summary Throughout the month, cooler temperatures prevailed across much of the Pacific Northwest, Great Basin, and Great Plains. In contrast, unseasonably warm weather dominated most of the Southwest and southern Texas, Ohio Valley, and mid- to northern Atlantic Coast, where average temperatures in New England reached up to 6 degrees above normal, allowing early development in fruit and berry crops toward the end of the month. Tremendous amounts of precipitation pounded eastern Texas, the Corn Belt, and central portions of the Southeast, leaving many fields too soggy for fieldwork and hampering spring planting. The heaviest accumulation occurred near Houston, Texas, where more than 19 inches of rain were received during the month, the majority falling during the final 2 weeks, causing severe, localized flooding. Elsewhere, extremely dry conditions persisted in areas along the Pacific Coast, across much of the Southwest, and southern Texas and Florida, with some locations receiving less than 0.1 inch of precipitation in April, or less than 2 percent of normal. Cool, wet conditions throughout much of the Corn Belt pushed the start of corn planting to a slower than normal pace, with just 2 percent of this year's crop in the ground by April 12, compared to 6 percent for the 5-year average. In Iowa, Illinois, and Nebraska, the three largest corn-producing States, producers were unable to complete any fieldwork until the week ending April 19, when 6 percent, 1 percent, and 3 percent of the crop was planted, respectively. The planting pace quickened during the month in Iowa, Minnesota, and Nebraska, where progress was ahead of the previous year and normal by month's end. In contrast, Illinois producers, hampered by saturated fields, managed to plant just 1 percent of their crop during the final week of April, and were over 3 weeks behind the average. By month's end, one-third of the corn crop was planted, with emergence just beginning. With activity limited mostly to Texas because of excessive rainfall and sodden fields in the Delta States of Arkansas and Louisiana, sorghum producers had planted just 19 percent of their crop by April 5, slower than last year's pace by 4 points and just slightly behind the average. As the month progressed, the planting pace remained stagnate in Colorado, Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota. By April 26, planting was most advanced in Texas and Arkansas, with 61 percent and 33 percent of the crop planted, respectively. Throughout the Great Plains, only producers in Oklahoma had begun planting, and progress, at 5 percent, was 6 points behind normal. Oat seeding was complete in Texas by April 5, while optimal conditions permitted producers in the Ohio Valley States of Ohio and Pennsylvania to plant at a pace more than a week ahead of normal. As fields dried out, producers in Iowa made the biggest mid-month push, seeding 35 percent of their crop from April 13 to April 19. In North Dakota, the second largest oat-producing State, warmer temperatures allowed seeding to begin during the week ending April 26. Nationally, producers had sown 61 percent of this year's oat acreage by April 26, ahead of the previous year by 9 points, but 4 points behind the 5-year average. Aided by warmer weather in many locations at the end of the month, emergence was evident in 37 percent of planted fields, nearly a week ahead of last year's maturation, but lagging normal by 3 points. Barley producers were slow to begin seeding 2009's acreage, and the pace trailed normal throughout the month. Nationwide, just 3 percent of the crop was in the ground by April 12, leaving progress 9 points behind 2008 and 10 points behind the 5-year average. By mid-month, 31 percent and 8 percent of the crop was sown in Idaho and Montana, the second and third largest barley-producing States, respectively, but seeding lagged normal by a week or more. Washington producers took advantage of drier fields toward the end of the month, and seeded 19 percent of their crop between April 20-26. Sodden field in North Dakota, the leading barley producing State, kept producers from seeding any acreage until the week ending April 26, over 2 weeks behind the average. By month's end, 6 percent of the crop had emerged, 4 points behind last year and 12 points slower than normal. Development lagged normal in all States. Heading in this year's winter wheat crop started the month slightly ahead of the 5-year average, but fell to nearly a week behind normal as April ended. On April 12, nine percent of the Nation's crop was at or beyond the heading stage, with fields in Texas and Oklahoma maturing well ahead of last year and the average. In Kansas, the largest winter wheat-producing State, the crop began developing during the week ending April 19, somewhat behind the average. Heading in California, at 95 percent on April 26, was nearing completion ahead of the normal pace. Nationally, 21 percent of the crop was headed by April 26, two points slower than normal. Overall, winter wheat condition improved during the month, with 45 percent rated in good to excellent condition by April 26, compared with 43 percent on April 5. Winter wheat in Texas was negatively impacted throughout the month by a severe lack of rainfall and insect infestations in many locations. In Arkansas, heavy rainfall and wet fields caused a significant decline in the crop's condition toward the end of the month. Spring wheat seeding was underway by the week ending April 12, with 2 percent of the crop sown. Snow-covered and abnormally wet fields hampered fieldwork and caused seeding delays in the northwestern States of Washington, Idaho, and Montana. However, by mid-month, noteworthy progress was made in Idaho and Washington, where 22 and 14 percent of the crop was sown from April 13-19, but progress remained behind the average pace in both States. By April 26, progress was over a week behind last year's and the average pace, with just 15 percent of the United States crop sown, compared with 32 percent in 2008 and 36 percent for the 5-year average. By month's end, 2 percent of the crop had emerged, 2 points behind last year and 7 points behind the average. Crop development was slower than normal in all States, most noticeably in Washington where emergence was 30 points behind the 5-year average. Producers seeded 53 percent of their intended rice acreage during April. Progress was most active in Texas and Louisiana at the beginning of the month, with 68 and 41 percent of the crop sown by April 5, respectively; however, seeding in Louisiana, the second largest rice-producing State, was 8 points behind last year and 4 points behind normal. By month's end, seeding was underway in all States, but trailed normal everywhere except in California and Texas. On April 26, twenty-one percent of the crop had emerged, 1 point ahead of 2008, but 9 points behind the 5-year average. Producers began planting soybeans near the end of the month, with 3 percent of the crop in the ground by April 26, compared to 2 percent last year and 5 percent for the 5-year average. Planting had yet to begin in much of the Corn Belt and Great Plains. Above average rainfall coupled with mostly below normal temperatures delayed fieldwork in Indiana, Illinois, the Dakotas, and Kansas. Early peanut planting equaled last year's pace but trailed normal, with 2 percent complete on April 26. A lack of topsoil moisture in Georgia held planting at 1 percent, slightly behind the previous year's and normal pace. Planting had not yet started in Alabama, South Carolina, or Virginia. The month began with 4 percent of this year's cotton acreage planted by April 5, down 3 points from 2008 and 4 points from the normal pace. Hard-packed, drought-stricken soils kept producers in Texas from cultivating fields. As the month progressed, wet weather and soggy fields slowed progress in the Delta and kept producers from planting in much of the Southeast. By month's end, the planting pace gained speed across the Delta, as warm, windy conditions dried fields. Nationally, 16 percent of the acreage was planted by April 26, compared to 19 percent last year and 20 percent for the average. Sugarbeet producers in Idaho and Michigan began planting their crop early in the month, but progress in both States was behind normal. By April 5, two percent of the Nation's crop was planted, on par with last year, but 3 points behind the 5-year average. Snow-covered fields slowed mid-month fieldwork in south-central and eastern areas of Idaho. Saturated fields in North Dakota, the largest sugarbeet-producing State, delayed the start of planting by more than a week. By April 26, thirty-one percent of the crop was planted, equaling the previous year's pace, but 16 points behind the average. Crop Comments Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.50 billion bushels, down 20 percent from 2008. Based on May 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.2 bushels per acre, 3.0 bushels below last year. Expected grain area totals 34.0 million acres, down 14 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter (HRW) harvested acreage is down about 9 percent from the previous year. Soft Red Winter (SRW) harvested acreage is estimated to be down 30 percent from last year. The portion of the winter wheat crop rated good to excellent on May 4, at 47 percent, was virtually unchanged from last year. In the southern Great Plains States, winter temperatures were moderate, with some damage resulting from winter and late spring storms. Oklahoma and Texas experienced drought like conditions during emergence and most of the growing season. As a result, dryland yields are expected to suffer from the lack of moisture throughout plant development and grain set. The second week of April delivered a hard freeze to parts of Kansas and Oklahoma, affecting earlier maturing varieties. Severe storms followed, bringing heavy rain, hail, and high winds across many areas. Weather conditions remained cooler and wetter than normal through the first week of May. Cooler than normal spring temperatures coupled with higher than normal precipitation in the Corn Belt States of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio has hampered crop development, but no major disease problems are reported at this time. Kentucky and Virginia experienced a generally mild winter and wet spring. As of May 4, the winter wheat crop in these States was in mostly good condition. In the Pacific Northwest, crop development was slower across parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho due to cooler and dryer conditions earlier this spring. Mid-April rain and snow moved across some areas bringing moisture relief and boosting crop conditions slightly. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 25.3 million bushels, down 18 percent from the previous year. In California, heading was complete in most areas of the State as of April 13, with no quality or disease issues reported. Hay Stocks on Farms: All hay stored on farms May 1, 2009 totaled 22.1 million tons, up 2 percent from a year ago. Disappearance from December 1, 2008-May 1, 2009 totaled 81.6 million tons, compared with 82.5 million tons for the same period a year ago. Hay stocks decreased from last year across most of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain States. Texas and Oklahoma had the largest decreases due in part to lower hay production in 2008. In addition, dry weather last fall and winter resulted in poor pasture conditions which increased supplemental hay feeding. Hay stocks in North Dakota and Montana were down 44 and 42 percent, respectively, due to a combination of lower production and spring snow storms that prolonged the hay feeding season. Meanwhile, in the eastern United States, higher production, milder winter weather, increased precipitation, and lower cattle inventories contributed to higher hay stocks on May 1. The largest increase was shown in Tennessee where stocks were 157 percent higher than a year earlier. Other notable increases where shown in Alabama and Kentucky, both up 150 percent from May 2008. Stocks in the western United States were also higher than a year ago as lower demand was noted in California, Oregon, and Washington. Almonds: The 2009 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 1.45 billion pounds, down 6 percent from the revised 2008 crop. Bearing acreage, at 710,000, increased 8 percent from the previous year's acreage. The average yield is forecast at 2,040 pounds per acre, down 310 pounds per acre from last year's yield. Blooming progressed slowly as wet conditions hampered pollination. In parts of the Sacramento Valley, cool temperatures extended the almond bloom. Freezing temperatures in March damaged some almond orchards. Though mites were present across the State, almond grower's control efforts minimized damage to the crop. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.60 million pounds for March 2009, up 13 percent from February but down 1 percent from a year ago. Total crop area for March is estimated at 2,330 acres, unchanged from February but 14 percent above March 2008. Harvested area totaled 1,470 acres, up 5 percent from the previous month and 3 percent higher than last year. Weather conditions during March were variable, with periods of sun, trade winds, and heavy showers. The rainy weather interrupted orchard maintenance activities and the abundant soil moisture resulted in root rot and an increase in fungal leaf spot. Despite the wet field conditions, orchards appeared to be in fair condition and newly planted seedlings benefited from the additional soil moisture. Hawaii's revised 2008 annual papaya utilization is 33.5 million pounds, up 1 percent from the preliminary estimate and up slightly from the 2007 final utilization. Harvested area, at 1,380 acres, is up 5 percent from the previous year. The 2008 papaya growing season began with cool, windy, and wet weather. Prolonged dry conditions followed, prompting various water restriction measures to be implemented throughout the State. Orchards depending on natural rainfall were most affected, with slower growth and fruit development. Winter rains helped replenish wells and soil moisture levels and growers stepped up spraying efforts to limit disease outbreaks. Peaches: The California 2009 peach crop is forecast at 800,000 tons, down 6 percent from 2008 and 16 percent below two years ago. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 370,000 tons, down 13 percent from last year and 17 percent below the 2007 crop. Although California experienced an adequate number of chilling hours, frost damage was reported in some areas due to freezing temperatures in early March. Harvest began in mid-April with the Super Rich, Super Lady, and Snow Angel varieties. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 430,000 tons, up 1 percent from last year but 15 percent below the 2007 crop. Full bloom was declared on March 15, five days later than in 2008. The 2009 bloom was rated good to very good in all areas. However, freezing temperatures in early March resulted in some reported light frost damage. After early March rainstorms, good weather aided pruning, spraying, and tree planting. By the end of April, the fruit was starting to differentiate in size. Thinning in most areas was expected to start during the middle of May. Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 2008 is estimated at 17.4 million pounds, down 32 percent from the previous year. Statewide, bananas were harvested from 1,100 acres, 200 acres less than in 2007. Banana fields continued to be cleared because of the banana bunchy top virus and the banana black streak virus. Some orchards were being replanted. Guavas: Hawaii guava utilized production for 2008 is estimated at 3.50 million pounds, 19 percent lower than the 2007 utilized production. Harvested area totaled 160 acres, down 6 percent from last season's harvested area. Yield, based on utilized production, averaged 21,900 pounds per acre, compared with the previous year's record-high yield of 25,300 pounds. Weather conditions during 2008 for the guava crop were mixed. The crop received adequate moisture from a combination of rainfall and irrigation. Taro: Hawaii taro production for the 2008 crop year is estimated at 4.30 million pounds, up 8 percent from last year's record low production. Area in crop, at 390 acres, was up 10 acres from 2007. Weather conditions were favorable during most of the 2008 growing season but a period of heavy rain caused localized flooding, decreasing production for a few growers. Although production was up from the previous season, major taro producing areas continued to be infested with apple snails, which feed on taro plants and are a vector for crop diseases. Taro pocket rot and leaf blight also affected production for many growers. Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2008-09 U.S. grapefruit crop is 1.36 million tons, down 2 percent from the April forecast and 13 percent lower than the 2007-08 final utilization of 1.55 million tons. Florida's grapefruit production is forecast at 22.5 million boxes (957,000 tons), 2 percent lower than the April forecast and 15 percent below last season. The Florida all white grapefruit forecast is 7.00 million boxes (298,000 tons), unchanged from April but down 22 percent from the 2007-08 final utilization. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 15.5 million boxes (659,000 tons), is down 3 percent from the April forecast and 12 percent lower than last season. The row count survey conducted at the end of April indicated that 97 percent of the rows observed were harvested. The survey also showed a higher percentage of colored grapefruit harvested compared to white varieties, due to the early harvest of high quality colored grapefruit for the fresh market. The majority of the grapefruit left to be harvested was located on the East Coast. Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangerines and Mandarins: The U.S. tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 445,000 tons, down 1 percent from the April forecast and 16 percent lower than the 2007-08 season. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 3.90 million boxes (185,000 tons), down 3 percent from the April forecast and down 29 percent from the 2007-08 final utilization. The decrease in the Florida tangerine forecast was made to the later maturing Honey variety. Harvest was essentially complete by the end of the month. Freezing temperatures during late January and early February prompted many growers to accelerate the harvest of the Honey variety to save fruit from any serious freeze damage. Arizona and California forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo forecast is 1.15 million boxes (52,000 tons), down 4 percent from the April forecast and 23 percent lower than last season's final production. Tangelo harvest was relatively complete for the season. Florida Citrus: Florida's citrus growing regions experienced another month of very warm temperatures and dry conditions. Daily highs during April ranged from the 80's to low-90's during the day, cooling into the 50's and 60's at night. Due to the lack of precipitation over the past several months, the entire citrus producing area was experiencing drought conditions ranging from severe to extreme. Low surface soil moisture and tree wilt were observed. The small amount of unharvested early oranges was picked by the third week of April. Despite the high juice inventory, Valencia harvest increased to over 6 million boxes weekly, primarily for processing. Harvesting of white and colored grapefruit dropped below 500,000 boxes weekly, with the majority shipped to processing plants. Honey tangerine and Temple harvests were relatively complete for the season. Next season's fruit was holding well on the trees and was between pea size on late oranges and marble size on early oranges. Grapefruit sizes were slightly larger. With the exception of irrigating, caretakers were implementing limited production practices. California Citrus: Late varieties of Navel oranges continued to be packed during April. The Valencia orange harvest gained speed, with good maturity and fruit quality reported. Lemon and grapefruit harvests progressed, while harvesting of W. Murcott and Honey mandarins was nearly complete. Harvesting of Pixie mandarins increased. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Weather conditions in California during April were variable. Early in the month, high winds and cool temperatures throughout much of the Sacramento Valley hampered orchard spraying activities and bee pollination. After a few days of unseasonably high temperatures, a cold front pushed through, bringing moderate precipitation, gusty winds, and cooler temperatures to the State. The cold temperatures caused some frost damage to pomegranates, kiwifruit, and table grapes in the San Joaquin Valley, and prompted growers to irrigate for frost protection in pistachio orchards. In the Sacramento Valley, pistachio trees damaged from the frost were replanted. Three days of record high temperatures near the end of the month caused increased evapotranspiration rates, resulting in light stress in some nut orchards. The hot temperatures also triggered increased growth and development rates in northern coastal olive trees. Grape bud break progressed well during April, with shoot growth accelerating due to warmer temperatures. Cane tying continued and some vineyards were sprayed for mildew. Nectarine, pomegranate, pear, peach, prune, olive, apricot, and apple trees were blooming. Pear bloom was reported as excellent along the northern coast. Cherries were maturing and nearly ready for harvest in some areas. Persimmon stem elongation continued and kiwifruit vines in the Sacramento Valley leafed out. Strawberry harvest picked up across the State and fruit quality remained good. Blueberries began to turn color. Mites were present on almond trees throughout the State but little damage was reported. Damage from the early March freeze was confirmed in many almond orchards. Pistachio trees began leafing out. Walnut blight treatment continued. Spring Potatoes: Production for 2009 is forecast at 21.3 million cwt, up 2 percent from the April forecast and 6 percent higher than 2008. Area for harvest is forecast at 73,400 acres, up 2 percent from the previous forecast and an increase of 7 percent from 2008. The average yield of 291 cwt per acre is up 3 cwt from the April forecast but is 2 cwt lower than 2008. Florida's production is forecast at 7.85 million cwt, up 1 percent from the April forecast. Dry weather from late February to April extended the growing season and kept field activities on schedule around Hastings and the northern Peninsula. Due to the extended growing season, harvest had not yet begun for many growers. California's spring potato production, at 7.53 million cwt, is up 8 percent from the April forecast due to an increase in harvested area. Reports indicated that the crop was in excellent condition and had rebounded well from inclement weather conditions. Growers in North Carolina are expected to produce 2.93 million cwt of spring potatoes, a decrease of 3 percent from the April forecast. Crop condition was rated 56 percent good and 23 percent excellent, with topsoil moisture at 62 percent adequate. Production in Texas is forecast at 1.91 million cwt, down 2 percent from the April forecast. Yields in Texas decreased from the previous forecast due to hail damage in some locations. Arizona growers expect production to total 1.12 million cwt, down 2 percent from the previous forecast. Tobacco: Revised U.S. tobacco production for 2008 totaled 801 million pounds, down slightly from the January preliminary estimate but 2 percent above 2007. Harvested area is estimated at 354,490 acres, up slightly from the January preliminary estimate but down less than 1 percent from the previous year's estimate. Yield per acre averaged 2,258 pounds, down 2 pounds from the January preliminary estimate but 45 pounds above 2007. Flue-cured production totaled 499 million pounds, unchanged from the January preliminary estimate. This is 1 percent less than the 2007 estimate when 504 million pounds were produced. Growers harvested 223,000 acres, unchanged from the previous year. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,239 pounds, down 20 pounds from 2007. North Carolina, the leading producer of flue-cured tobacco, produced 385 million pounds, approximately 77 percent of all flue- cured production. Burley production, which accounted for 98 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, totaled 202 million pounds. This is up slightly from the January preliminary estimate but 7 percent below 2007. Producers of burley tobacco harvested 97,500 acres in 2008, down 8 percent from the previous year. Yields averaged 2,067 pounds per acre, 34 pounds above 2007. Kentucky, the leading producer of burley tobacco, produced 147 million pounds, approximately 73 percent of all burley grown in United States. Total revised fire-cured production is estimated at 62.2 million pounds, unchanged from the January preliminary estimate but 52 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 18,600 acres, up 27 percent from 2007. Fire-cured yields averaged 3,344 pounds per acre, up 543 pounds from the previous year. This is the highest yield on record. Southern Maryland Belt tobacco, at 3.78 million pounds, is unchanged from the January preliminary estimate but 56 percent above 2007. Pennsylvania growers harvested 1,800 acres, up 63 percent from last year. Yields average 2,100 pounds per acre, down 100 pounds from the previous year. Revised dark air-cured production totaled 25.3 million pounds, unchanged from the January preliminary estimate but 94 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 8,500 acres in 2008, up 71 percent from 2007. Yield per acre averaged 2,981 pounds, up 359 pounds from the previous year. Kentucky, the leading producer of dark air-cured tobacco, produced 20.7 million pounds in 2008, accounting for approximately 82 percent of the dark air-cured tobacco grown in the United States. Production of cigar type tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, is estimated at 8.44 million pounds, down 6 percent from the January preliminary estimate and 26 percent below the previous year. Growers harvested 5,090 acres in 2008, down 15 percent from last year. The average yield was 1,659 pounds per acre, 242 pounds below 2007. 2008 Cotton Final: All cotton production is estimated at 12.8 million 480- pounds bales, down 33 percent from last year's production. The U.S. all cotton yield averaged 813 pounds per acre, down 66 pounds from last year's record high. Upland cotton production is estimated at 12.4 million 480- pounds bales, down 33 percent from last year. The U.S. yield for upland cotton is estimated at 803 pounds per acre, down 61 pounds from last year's record high yield. Harvested area, at 7.40 million acres, is down 28 percent from last year. American-Pima, at record 430,800 bales (480-pound), is down 49 percent from last year. The U.S. American-Pima yield is estimated at 1,226 pounds per acre, down 193 pounds from last year. The 2008 area planted to all cotton totaled 9.47 million acres, down 13 percent from 2007. Harvested acreage at 7.57 million is down 28 percent from the previous year. Upland growers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia) finished planting by late June. By late summer, producers battled hot, dry conditions which allowed the crop to develop ahead of normal. During late August and early September, the region was hit by two storms, Tropical Storm Faye and Hurricane Hannah. Both of these weather patterns brought beneficial rains to the region. By the end of September, dry conditions and cooler temperatures allowed producers to begin defoliation and harvest to begin throughout the region. Harvest was complete by early December. Objective yield measurements in Georgia showed boll counts to be slightly higher than the 5-year average. Producers in South Carolina reported record high yields, surpassing the record set in 2004. In the Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) producers finished planting by the middle of June, behind normal due to the unseasonable cool, wet spring. Due to the later planted crop and the cool summer, the crop developed slightly behind normal except in Louisiana where the crop matured rapidly during the summer months. By the end of August, defoliation and harvest was underway in Louisiana, ahead of normal. On September 1, Hurricane Gustav made landfall in Louisiana bringing excessive amounts of rain to the South Delta region. By the second week of September, the region was hit by Hurricane Ike. Warmer temperatures and drier weather moved into the region by late September allowing producers to resume defoliation. Harvest was underway throughout the region by the first week of October, behind normal, and complete by the end November. The objective yield data show Mississippi bolls per acre to be the second lowest in the last 5 years. In Arkansas, objective measurements show the largest bolls per acre in the last 10 years. Data from the objective yield survey showed Louisiana bolls per acre and boll weight to be the lowest in the last 6 years. Due to the effects of Hurricane Gustav, Louisiana producers abandoned 66,000 acres and harvested their lowest area on record. Producers in Missouri reported record high yield surpassing the record set in 2004. Texas producers finished planting the upland crop by mid-June, slightly ahead of normal. Continual hot, dry weather allowed the crop to develop ahead of normal. Due to the early developing crop, harvest was underway in South Texas by late-July. Harvest in South Texas was delayed during the first part of August when the region was hit with Hurricane Dolly. Producers in the High Plains of Texas battled hot, dry conditions throughout the summer and early fall months. During the second week of September, Hurricane Ike made landfall bringing high winds and rain throughout Texas. During the fall, cool, wet weather moved through the High Plains delaying crop development and harvest activities. In late October, the Panhandle of Texas was hit with a hard freeze which allowed for defoliation to expand rapidly. During November, producers received ideal weather and were able to harvest the crop without interruptions. Harvest was virtually complete by late-December. Objective yield measurements show Texas boll weights to be the second heaviest in the last ten years. Due to the drought conditions during the summer and abnormally cool weather in the fall, Texas producers abandoned 1.75 million acres of the 5.00 million acres planted. In Kansas and Oklahoma, planting was complete by the end of June. Throughout the summer and fall, the crop developed normally with harvest underway by the end of October. Harvest was complete by the last week of December. Producers in Kansas expect a record high yield surpassing last year's record. Upland producers in California and Arizona completed planting by mid-May. During the late summer, California producers battled intensely hot, dry weather. By late August, harvest was underway in the Desert Southwest, slightly ahead of normal. By the middle of September, cooler temperatures in California allowed for defoliation and harvest to begin throughout the State. Harvest was complete in California and Arizona by mid-December. California producers planted and harvested the lowest acreage since records began for upland cotton. Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2008 totaled 4.30 million tons, down 35 percent from last year. Sales to oil mills accounted for 59 percent of the disposition. The remaining 41 percent will be used for seed, feed, exports, and various other uses. Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 22 and May 6 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,600 producers representing all major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or special surveys. From mid- July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts. Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. The May 1 orange production forecasts for Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from April. Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End- of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 7.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 7.1 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 12.2 percent. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 91 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 284 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 1.6 percent. However, if you exclude the 5 abnormal production seasons (3 freeze seasons and 2 hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.6 percent, or 1.7 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent, or 3.0 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 143,000 tons (162,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 5,000 tons to 369,000 tons when including or excluding abnormal seasons. The May 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times (below 6 times and above 9 times, excluding abnormal seasons). This does not imply that the May 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Lance Honig, Chief................................................................(202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Jacqueline Moore, Head............................................................(202) 720-2127 Todd Ballard - Wheat, Rye.........................................................(202) 720-8068 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings...........................................(202) 720-5944 Jacqueline Moore - Hay, Oats, Sorghum.............................................(202) 720-2127 Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed..........................................(202) 720-9526 Julie Schmidt - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops.................................(202) 720-7621 Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice.................................................(202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..............................(202) 720-7369 Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head.........................................................(202) 720-2127 Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco............................(202) 720-7235 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.............................................(202) 720-2157 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes..............................................................(202) 720-4288 Mike Jacobson - Cranberries.......................................................(202) 720-9085 Dawn Keen - Floriculture, Nursery, Tree Nuts......................................(202) 720-4215 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans........................................(202) 720-3250 Suzanne Avilla - Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes.........................................(202) 720-5412 Kim Ritchie - Hops................................................................(360) 902-1940 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! 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