Cr Pr 2-2 (6-09) Crop Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released June 10, 2009, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Winter Wheat Production Down Slightly from May All Orange Production Up 1 Percent from May Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.49 billion bushels, down less than 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and 20 percent below 2008. Expected area for harvest as grain or seed totals 34.0 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 43.9 bushels per acre, down 0.3 bushel from last month and 3.3 bushels less than last year. Hard Red production is down less than 1 percent from a month ago to 868 million bushels. Soft Red production is down 2 percent from last month and now totals 415 million bushels. White production totals 209 million bushels, up slightly from last month. Of the White production total, 21.1 million bushels are Hard White and 188 million bushels are Soft White. The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2008-09 season is 9.25 million tons, up 1 percent from the May forecast but 8 percent lower than the 2007-08 final utilization of 10.1 million tons. The Florida all orange forecast, at 160 million boxes (7.18 million tons), is up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 6 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 84.6 million boxes (3.81 million tons), unchanged from the May forecast but up 1 percent from last season. The Florida Valencia forecast, at 75.0 million boxes (3.38 million tons), is up 3 percent from the previous forecast but 13 percent less than the 2007-08 crop. Harvest of early, midseason, and navel oranges in Florida was complete for the season. The monthly row count survey indicated approximately 86 percent of the Valencia orange rows had been harvested as of the end of May. An annual Processors Inquiry was also conducted in Florida in late-May and early-June. Plants reported boxes used through June 1 and expected deliveries for the rest of the season. Most packinghouses reported that they had closed or planned to close by the end of June. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried forward from April. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2008-09 season is 1.66 gallons per box at 42 degrees Brix, up 1 percent from the May forecast but 1 percent lower than last season's record yield of 1.67 gallons per box. The early-midseason portion is final at a record high 1.60 gallons per box, up 3 percent from last season's final yield of 1.55 gallons per box. The Valencia portion increased from 1.73 gallons per box to 1.75 gallons per box, 2 percent lower than last year's final yield of 1.79 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. This report was approved on June 10, 2009. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Joseph W. Glauber Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Joseph J. Prusacki Contents Page Grains & Hay Wheat, By Class.............................................5 Wheat, Durum................................................5 Wheat, Winter...............................................4 Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops Sugarbeets.................................................10 Sugarcane..................................................11 Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts Apricots....................................................8 Cherries, Sweet.............................................6 Papayas.....................................................8 Peaches.....................................................6 Pears.......................................................8 Prunes......................................................8 Maple Syrup................................................12 Citrus Fruits Grapefruit...................................................7 Lemons.......................................................7 Oranges......................................................7 Tangelos.....................................................7 Tangerines and Mandarins.....................................7 Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops Sweet Potatoes.............................................14 Hops........................................................9 Crop Comments.....................................................25 Crop Summary......................................................15 Information Contacts..............................................32 Reliability of Production Data in this Report.....................30 Weather Maps......................................................21 Weather Summary...................................................23 Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2009 : : : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 :-------------------: 2008 : 2009 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ------- Bushels ------- --- 1,000 Bushels --- : AR : 980 430 57.0 54.0 51.0 55,860 21,930 CA : 400 280 85.0 80.0 75.0 34,000 21,000 CO : 1,900 2,300 30.0 32.0 35.0 57,000 80,500 GA : 400 240 56.0 50.0 48.0 22,400 11,520 ID : 800 700 75.0 82.0 83.0 60,000 58,100 IL : 1,150 800 64.0 63.0 63.0 73,600 50,400 IN : 560 430 69.0 69.0 69.0 38,640 29,670 KS : 8,900 8,500 40.0 40.0 40.0 356,000 340,000 KY : 460 400 71.0 72.0 66.0 32,660 26,400 MD : 180 180 73.0 67.0 71.0 13,140 12,780 MI : 710 570 69.0 69.0 69.0 48,990 39,330 MS : 485 200 62.0 60.0 55.0 30,070 11,000 MO : 1,160 750 48.0 51.0 51.0 55,680 38,250 MT : 2,420 2,400 39.0 39.0 39.0 94,380 93,600 NE : 1,670 1,600 44.0 42.0 45.0 73,480 72,000 NY : 122 110 63.0 58.0 54.0 7,686 5,940 NC : 720 510 60.0 55.0 55.0 43,200 28,050 ND : 550 490 41.0 46.0 44.0 22,550 21,560 OH : 1,090 990 68.0 66.0 66.0 74,120 65,340 OK : 4,500 3,500 37.0 23.0 21.0 166,500 73,500 OR : 775 720 58.0 53.0 53.0 44,950 38,160 PA : 185 180 64.0 59.0 59.0 11,840 10,620 SC : 205 160 54.0 51.0 51.0 11,070 8,160 SD : 1,890 1,550 55.0 49.0 45.0 103,950 69,750 TN : 520 300 63.0 64.0 59.0 32,760 17,700 TX : 3,300 2,400 30.0 27.0 27.0 99,000 64,800 VA : 280 245 71.0 66.0 63.0 19,880 15,435 WA : 1,720 1,700 56.0 60.0 60.0 96,320 102,000 WI : 335 305 66.0 62.0 62.0 22,110 18,910 : Oth : Sts 1/: 1,247 1,055 53.0 43.0 43.0 66,067 45,364 : US : 39,614 33,995 47.2 44.2 43.9 1,867,903 1,491,769 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include AL, AZ, DE, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2009 Summary." Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2009 : : : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 :-------------------: 2008 : 2009 : : : : May 1 : Jun 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres -------- Bushels ------- 1,000 Bushels : AZ : 149 125 98.0 105.0 105.0 14,602 13,125 CA : 155 135 105.0 90.0 100.0 16,275 13,500 MT : 570 19.0 10,830 ND : 1,690 25.0 42,250 : Oth : Sts 2/: 20 46.0 920 : US : 2,584 32.8 84,877 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2009. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 10, 2009. 2/ Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2009 Summary." Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 1/ 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter :--------------------------------------------------------- Year : Hard : Soft : Hard : Soft : All : Red : Red : White : White : White ---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2007 : 955,555 352,026 21,454 170,206 191,660 2008 :1,035,235 613,578 22,730 196,360 219,090 2009 : 867,596 415,433 21,064 187,676 208,740 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Spring : :---------------------------------------------------------: : Hard : Hard : Soft : All : : Total : Red : White : White : White : Durum : :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2007 : 450,070 5,585 23,968 29,553 72,224 2,051,088 2008 : 511,508 6,315 28,921 35,236 84,877 2,499,524 2009 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. 2/ Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production " released July 10, 2009. Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State and Total, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 85,000 86,000 75,000 OR : 35,000 31,000 60,000 WA : 157,000 100,000 180,000 : Total : 277,000 217,000 315,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, NY, and UT and tart cherries in MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, WA, and WI will be published in the "Cherry Production" report released on June 18, 2009. The first estimate for 2009 sweet cherries in MT will be released in January 2010. Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and Total, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : All : 949,000 852,000 810,000 Clingstone 1/ : 503,000 426,000 440,000 Freestone : 446,000 426,000 370,000 GA : 13,000 28,000 32,000 SC : 12,500 60,000 65,000 : Total : 974,500 940,000 907,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 2006-07, 2007-08 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized Production : Utilized Production : Boxes : Ton Equivalent Crop and State :------------------------------------------------------ : 2006-07 :2007-08 :2008-09 :2006-07 :2007-08 :2008-09 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 Boxes 2/ ---- ------ 1,000 Tons ----- Oranges : Early, Mid & : Navel 3/ : AZ 4/ : 200 230 150 7 9 6 CA 4/ : 34,500 45,000 38,000 1,294 1,688 1,425 FL : 65,600 83,500 84,600 2,952 3,757 3,807 TX 4/ : 1,600 1,500 1,550 68 64 66 US : 101,900 130,230 124,300 4,321 5,518 5,304 Valencia : AZ 4/ : 100 150 150 4 6 6 CA 4/ : 11,500 17,000 15,000 431 638 563 FL : 63,400 86,700 75,000 2,853 3,902 3,375 TX 4/ : 380 234 150 16 10 6 US : 75,380 104,084 90,300 3,304 4,556 3,950 All : AZ 4/ : 300 380 300 11 15 12 CA 4/ : 46,000 62,000 53,000 1,725 2,326 1,988 FL : 129,000 170,200 159,600 5,805 7,659 7,182 TX 4/ : 1,980 1,734 1,700 84 74 72 US : 177,280 234,314 214,600 7,625 10,074 9,254 Grapefruit : White : FL : 9,300 9,000 6,700 395 383 285 Colored : FL : 17,900 17,600 15,100 761 748 642 All : AZ 4/ : 100 100 150 3 3 5 CA 4/ : 5,500 5,200 4,400 184 174 147 FL : 27,200 26,600 21,800 1,156 1,131 927 TX 4/ : 7,100 6,100 6,200 284 244 248 US : 39,900 38,000 32,550 1,627 1,552 1,327 Tangerines and Mandarins : AZ 4/ 5/ : 300 400 250 11 15 9 CA 4/ 5/ : 3,500 6,700 6,700 131 251 251 FL : 4,600 5,500 3,900 219 261 185 US : 8,400 12,600 10,850 361 527 445 Lemons 4/ : AZ : 2,500 1,500 2,500 95 57 95 CA : 18,500 14,800 19,000 703 562 722 US : 21,000 16,300 21,500 798 619 817 Tangelos : FL : 1,250 1,500 1,150 56 68 52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines in TX. 4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production State :-------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : CA : 201,000 195,000 190,000 OR : 59,000 57,000 63,000 WA : 163,000 158,000 170,000 : Total : 423,000 410,000 423,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Tons : Prunes (Dried Basis) 1/ : 83,000 129,000 170,000 : Apricots : 81,000 77,000 66,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2008-2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Fresh Production 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Total in Crop : Harvested : : :---------------------------------------------: 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- Acres ---------------- 1,000 Pounds : Mar : 2,040 2,330 1,430 1,470 2,620 2,600 Apr : 2,025 2,280 1,310 1,420 2,615 2,520 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized fresh production. Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted June 1, 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area Harvested :Strung For Harvest and :-------------------------------------------------------- Variety : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Acres : ID : Total 1/ : 2,896 3,933 4,032 : OR : Cascade : * 76 148 Golding : 115 135 * Millenium : 294 343 344 Mt. Hood : 178 186 158 Nugget : 1,675 2,135 1,880 Sterling : 95 95 101 Super Galena R : * * 177 Willamette : 2,396 2,593 2,592 : Other Varieties : 517 807 785 : Total : 5,270 6,370 6,185 : WA : Ahtanum : 42 * * Apollo R : * 698 738 Bravo R : * 222 336 Cascade : 1,303 2,073 2,322 Centennial : * 253 315 Chelan : 505 739 624 Chinook : 311 285 385 Cluster : 366 420 448 Columbus/Tomahawk R : 3,342 4,891 4,623 Galena : 3,030 2,584 2,556 Glacier : 21 56 65 Golding : 52 38 46 Hallertauer : 56 * * Millenium : 728 716 580 Mt. Hood : 43 29 49 Northern Brewer : * * 87 Nugget : 1,093 1,086 1,072 Simcoe : * 129 183 Summit R : 632 * * Super Galena R : * 793 818 Vanguard : 64 * * Willamette : 4,462 4,664 2,910 YCR-4(Palisade R) : 91 307 328 YCR-5(Warrior R) : 339 394 257 Zeus : 4,737 6,779 6,399 : Other Varieties : 1,528 3,439 4,767 : Total : 22,745 30,595 29,908 : US : 30,911 40,898 40,125 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Only State totals published for Idaho to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. R Registered Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2007-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested : Yield State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 Acres --------------- ------ Tons ------ : CA : 40.0 26.1 39.1 25.4 35.5 39.7 CO : 32.0 33.8 29.2 28.6 26.2 26.5 ID : 169.0 131.0 167.0 116.0 34.4 31.2 MI : 150.0 137.0 149.0 136.0 23.4 28.7 MN : 486.0 440.0 481.0 399.0 23.8 24.7 MT : 47.5 31.7 47.0 30.7 24.7 26.8 NE : 47.5 45.2 44.3 37.3 23.5 22.6 ND : 252.0 208.0 247.0 197.0 23.1 25.9 OR : 12.0 6.7 11.0 5.9 31.9 33.1 WA : 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6 42.0 41.9 WY : 30.8 29.7 30.2 27.1 21.8 24.5 : US : 1,268.8 1,090.8 1,246.8 1,004.6 25.5 26.7 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per Ton : Value of Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 2/ : 2007 : 2008 3/ : 2007 : 2008 3/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 Tons --- ---- Dollars ---- 1,000 Dollars : CA : 1,388 1,008 43.60 60,517 CO : 765 758 36.00 27,540 ID : 5,745 3,619 36.50 209,693 MI : 3,487 3,903 36.00 125,532 MN : 11,448 9,855 45.20 517,450 MT : 1,161 823 39.10 45,395 NE : 1,041 843 40.40 42,056 ND : 5,706 5,102 46.30 264,188 OR : 351 195 36.50 12,812 WA : 84 67 36.50 3,066 WY : 658 664 40.20 26,452 : US : 31,834 26,837 41.90 1,334,701 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central CA and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA. 2/ Revised. 3/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 2009. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2010. Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by State and United States, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested : Yield 1/ : Production 1/ State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 2/ : 2007 : 2008 2/ : 2007 : 2008 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres ----- Tons ---- --- 1,000 Tons --- : For Sugar : FL : 375.0 384.0 36.0 32.9 13,500 12,634 HI : 20.4 20.4 73.2 69.7 1,493 1,422 LA : 390.0 380.0 30.4 28.3 11,856 10,754 TX : 42.5 37.2 33.5 35.5 1,424 1,321 : US : 827.9 821.6 34.2 31.8 28,273 26,131 : For Seed : FL : 18.0 17.0 37.6 36.5 677 621 HI : 2.5 2.4 28.3 30.0 71 72 LA : 30.0 25.0 30.4 28.3 912 708 TX : 1.2 2.0 30.4 35.5 36 71 : US : 51.7 46.4 32.8 31.7 1,696 1,472 : For Sugar : and Seed : FL : 393.0 401.0 36.1 33.1 14,177 13,255 HI : 22.9 22.8 68.3 65.5 1,564 1,494 LA : 420.0 405.0 30.4 28.3 12,768 11,462 TX : 43.7 39.2 33.4 35.5 1,460 1,392 : US : 879.6 868.0 34.1 31.8 29,969 27,603 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : For Sugar : For Sugar and Seed :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price per Ton : Value of Production : Value of Production 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 :2008 4/ : 2007 : 2008 4/ : 2007 : 2008 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars ------------- 1,000 Dollars ------------- : FL : 31.60 426,600 447,993 HI : 31.90 47,627 49,892 LA : 27.80 329,597 354,951 TX : 23.40 33,322 34,164 : US : 29.60 837,146 887,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Yield and production refer to net weight. 2/ Revised. 3/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4/ Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 31, 2009. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2010. Maple Syrup: Taps, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2007-2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of Taps : Yield per Tap : Production State:-------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 Taps ----- ----- Gallons ----- ---- 1,000 Gallons ---- : CT : 73 75 71 0.151 0.253 0.183 11 19 13 ME : 1,485 1,440 1,470 0.168 0.167 0.269 250 240 395 MA : 250 250 230 0.160 0.260 0.200 40 65 46 MI : 390 405 450 0.167 0.259 0.256 65 105 115 NH : 400 395 385 0.175 0.241 0.244 70 95 94 NY : 1,440 1,445 1,508 0.158 0.227 0.240 228 328 362 OH : 325 350 375 0.194 0.286 0.240 63 100 90 PA : 445 475 464 0.124 0.211 0.198 55 100 92 VT : 2,770 2,870 3,030 0.231 0.247 0.304 640 710 920 WI : 600 620 670 0.158 0.242 0.299 95 150 200 : US : 8,178 8,325 8,653 0.185 0.230 0.269 1,517 1,912 2,327 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. Maple Syrup: Price and Value by State and United States, 2007-2009 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Average Price : Value of : per Gallon : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- Dollars -------- ----- 1,000 Dollars ----- : CT : 53.90 61.60 593 1,170 ME : 30.10 36.80 7,525 8,832 MA : 46.10 45.80 1,844 2,977 MI : 41.60 41.00 2,704 4,305 NH : 46.80 52.30 3,276 4,969 NY : 33.50 42.40 7,638 13,907 OH : 39.00 37.90 2,457 3,790 PA : 31.60 38.30 1,738 3,830 VT : 29.10 39.20 18,624 27,832 WI : 35.70 39.10 3,392 5,865 : US : 32.80 40.50 49,791 77,477 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 2009 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2010. Maple Syrup: Season by State, 2007-2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Date Season : Date Season : Average Season : Opened 1/ : Closed 2/ : Length 3/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-------------------- Date -------------------- ------ Days ------ : CT : Feb 5 Jan 6 Feb 1 Apr 24 Apr 28 Apr 25 29 40 32 ME :Feb 20 Feb 4 Feb 17 May 7 May 4 Apr 30 33 27 29 MA :Feb 20 Jan 24 Jan 28 May 2 Apr 19 Apr 15 30 32 25 MI :Feb 19 Mar 3 Feb 4 Apr 23 Apr 20 Apr 19 20 23 25 NH :Feb 15 Feb 5 Feb 12 Apr 24 Apr 26 May 1 32 31 28 NY : Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 28 May 3 Apr 30 Apr 30 29 31 30 OH :Jan 31 Jan 9 Feb 2 Apr 20 Apr 16 Apr 22 20 30 27 PA : Jan 7 Jan 15 Jan 15 May 1 Apr 25 Apr 28 22 31 28 VT :Feb 15 Jan 22 Jan 27 Apr 30 May 4 Apr 30 31 32 32 WI :Feb 15 Feb 17 Feb 23 Apr 29 May 10 Apr 30 26 25 27 : US : 27 30 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2/ Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3/ The average number of days that sap was collected. Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container by State, 2007-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : Gallons : 1/2 Gallons : Quarts : Pints : 1/2 Pints and :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Retail : CT :40.80 54.10 24.80 27.60 14.70 16.80 8.30 11.00 5.10 7.00 ME :38.30 45.20 21.20 25.20 11.80 14.20 7.00 8.30 4.50 5.50 MA :39.50 48.00 23.00 23.20 14.30 14.00 8.90 8.75 6.40 6.05 MI :34.30 36.30 20.90 20.90 11.80 12.00 6.80 7.40 4.60 5.00 NH :40.30 44.30 22.10 25.30 13.30 14.60 8.00 8.65 5.00 5.10 NY :34.10 38.10 19.80 22.90 12.00 14.00 7.80 8.85 4.80 5.85 OH :33.60 33.60 19.40 20.20 12.00 12.40 7.35 7.80 4.65 5.35 PA :32.20 37.30 19.00 22.00 10.80 13.00 6.40 7.15 4.20 4.40 VT :35.40 40.60 20.20 24.10 12.50 15.00 8.20 9.65 5.30 6.35 WI :31.20 37.70 17.30 21.50 9.60 10.70 6.25 7.40 4.50 5.20 : Wholesale : CT :40.60 46.80 21.40 27.70 12.40 14.60 7.20 8.90 4.80 5.75 ME :32.80 38.40 18.70 21.80 10.40 11.90 6.10 6.90 4.00 4.30 MA :34.60 42.20 19.50 24.20 10.70 13.00 6.30 7.40 4.20 4.95 MI :29.50 30.70 17.10 18.00 10.20 10.10 6.00 6.10 4.00 3.70 NH :29.50 38.60 18.40 22.90 10.10 13.40 5.40 7.70 3.00 4.15 NY :30.60 35.90 17.60 20.80 10.60 11.60 5.95 6.50 3.70 4.00 OH :33.50 32.50 18.30 18.00 9.80 11.20 6.00 6.70 3.40 4.80 PA :21.30 34.60 16.80 17.80 9.00 10.20 5.60 5.95 3.30 4.40 VT :29.40 38.10 18.20 21.70 10.20 12.60 6.40 7.45 3.70 5.10 WI :31.10 35.50 18.50 20.80 9.80 11.70 5.80 6.50 3.50 4.20 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk All Grades : Bulk All Grades : All Sales :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon : Bulk : CT : 1.95 2.90 21.50 32.00 53.90 61.60 ME : 2.65 3.30 29.20 36.40 30.10 36.80 MA : 1.95 3.15 21.50 34.70 46.10 45.80 MI : 2.30 3.10 25.50 34.10 41.60 41.00 NH : 2.05 3.20 22.60 35.30 46.80 52.30 NY : 2.05 3.15 22.60 34.70 33.50 42.40 OH : 2.05 2.80 22.70 30.90 39.00 37.90 PA : 1.95 2.45 21.60 27.00 31.60 38.30 VT : 2.05 3.05 22.60 33.60 29.10 39.20 WI : 2.05 2.75 22.50 30.30 35.70 39.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for 2009 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2010. Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale : Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- -- Percent -- -- Percent -- : CT : 75 70 15 15 10 15 ME : 3 1 5 1 92 98 MA : 50 40 40 35 10 25 MI : 55 42 25 20 20 38 NH : 75 60 10 15 15 25 NY : 46 36 16 22 38 42 OH : 68 53 17 11 15 36 PA : 52 54 28 25 20 21 VT : 20 20 15 10 65 70 WI : 39 43 31 14 30 43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2007-2008 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.5 CA : 13.5 14.8 13.3 14.8 LA : 16.0 15.0 15.0 11.0 MS : 20.5 20.0 20.0 19.5 NJ : 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 NC : 44.0 47.0 43.0 46.0 SC : 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 TX : 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.5 VA : 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 : US : 100.5 103.2 97.4 97.3 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 :--------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- Cwt ------- ------ 1,000 Cwt ----- : AL : 120 175 276 438 CA : 320 295 4,256 4,366 LA : 200 100 3,000 1,100 MS : 175 172 3,500 3,354 NJ : 100 125 120 150 NC : 155 190 6,665 8,740 SC : 110 110 55 55 TX : 90 140 162 210 VA : 120 100 36 30 : US : 186 190 18,070 18,443 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2008 revised. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Grains & Hay : Barley : 4,234.0 3,953.0 3,767.0 Corn for Grain 2/ : 85,982.0 84,986.0 78,640.0 Corn for Silage : 5,965.0 Hay, All : 60,062.0 60,297.0 Alfalfa : 20,980.0 All Other : 39,082.0 Oats : 3,217.0 3,400.0 1,395.0 Proso Millet : 520.0 460.0 Rice : 2,995.0 3,183.0 2,976.0 Rye : 1,260.0 269.0 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 8,284.0 6,960.0 7,271.0 Sorghum for Silage : 408.0 Wheat, All : 63,147.0 58,638.0 55,685.0 Winter : 46,281.0 42,889.0 39,614.0 33,995.0 Durum : 2,731.0 2,445.0 2,584.0 Other Spring : 14,135.0 13,304.0 13,487.0 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1,011.0 857.3 989.0 Cottonseed 3/ : Flaxseed : 354.0 386.0 340.0 Mustard Seed : 79.5 71.5 Peanuts : 1,534.0 1,124.0 1,507.0 Rapeseed : 0.2 0.2 Safflower : 202.0 195.0 Soybeans for Beans : 75,718.0 76,024.0 74,641.0 Sunflower : 2,516.5 2,069.5 2,396.0 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All : 9,471.0 8,811.5 7,568.7 Upland : 9,297.0 8,668.0 7,400.0 Amer-Pima : 174.0 143.5 168.7 Sugarbeets : 1,090.8 1,151.6 1,004.6 Sugarcane : 868.0 Tobacco : 354.5 353.2 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 17.5 19.0 8.0 Dry Edible Beans : 1,495.0 1,546.1 1,445.2 Dry Edible Peas : 882.5 966.0 847.3 Lentils : 271.0 375.0 263.0 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 6.3 Ginger Root (HI) : 0.1 Hops : 40.9 40.1 Peppermint Oil : 60.0 Potatoes, All : 1,058.8 1,045.7 Winter : 11.0 9.0 11.0 9.0 Spring : 70.3 75.6 68.8 73.4 Summer : 47.0 44.8 Fall : 930.5 921.1 Spearmint Oil : 20.4 Sweet Potatoes : 103.2 101.9 97.3 Taro (HI) 4/ : 0.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Acreage is not estimated. 4/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Yield : Production Crop :Units:------------------------------------------- : : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : ------- 1,000 ------ : : Grains & Hay : : Barley :Bu : 63.6 239,498 Corn for Grain :" : 153.9 12,101,238 Corn for Silage :Tons : 18.7 111,619 Hay, All :" : 2.43 145,672 Alfalfa :" : 3.32 69,620 All Other :" : 1.95 76,052 Oats :Bu : 63.5 88,635 Proso Millet :" : 32.3 14,880 Rice 2/ :Cwt : 6,846 203,733 Rye :Bu : 29.7 7,979 Sorghum for Grain :" : 65.0 472,342 Sorghum for Silage :Tons : 13.8 5,646 Wheat, All :Bu : 44.9 2,499,524 Winter :" : 47.2 43.9 1,867,903 1,491,769 Durum :" : 32.8 84,877 Other Spring :" : 40.5 546,744 : : Oilseeds : : Canola :Lbs : 1,461 1,445,064 Cottonseed 3/ :Tons : 4,300.3 Flaxseed :Bu : 16.8 5,716 Mustard Seed :Lbs : 577 41,255 Peanuts :" : 3,416 5,147,900 Rapeseed :" : 1,500 300 Safflower :" : 1,592 310,433 Soybeans for Beans :Bu : 39.6 2,959,174 Sunflower :Lbs : 1,429 3,422,840 : : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : : Cotton, All 2/ :Bales: 813 12,815.3 Upland 2/ :" : 803 12,384.5 Amer-Pima 2/ :" : 1,226 430.8 Sugarbeets :Tons : 26.7 26,837 Sugarcane :" : 31.8 27,603 Tobacco :Lbs : 2,258 800,504 : : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : : Austrian Winter Peas 2/ :Cwt : 1,300 104 Dry Edible Beans 2/ :" : 1,768 25,558 Dry Edible Peas 2/ :" : 1,448 12,270 Lentils 2/ :" : 917 2,411 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ :" : 580 : : Potatoes & Misc. : : Coffee (HI) :Lbs : 1,160 7,300 Ginger Root (HI) :" : 30,000 1,800 Hops :" : 1,971 80,630.1 Peppermint Oil :" : 92 5,499 Potatoes, All :Cwt : 395 412,742 Winter :" : 230 240 2,530 2,160 Spring :" : 293 291 20,132 21,325 Summer :" : 306 13,694 Fall :" : 409 376,386 Spearmint Oil :Lbs : 118 2,399 Sweet Potatoes :Cwt : 190 18,443 Taro (HI) 3/ :Lbs : 4,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Grains & Hay : Barley : 1,713,460 1,599,740 1,524,470 Corn for Grain 2/ :34,796,060 34,392,980 31,824,820 Corn for Silage : 2,413,980 Hay, All 3/ : 24,306,490 24,401,590 Alfalfa : 8,490,400 All Other : 15,816,090 Oats : 1,301,890 1,375,950 564,540 Proso Millet : 210,440 186,160 Rice : 1,212,050 1,288,130 1,204,360 Rye : 509,910 108,860 Sorghum for Grain 2/ : 3,352,450 2,816,640 2,942,500 Sorghum for Silage : 165,110 Wheat, All 3/ :25,554,960 23,730,210 22,535,160 Winter :18,729,460 17,356,750 16,031,390 13,757,440 Durum : 1,105,210 989,470 1,045,720 Other Spring : 5,720,290 5,384,000 5,458,050 : Oilseeds : Canola : 409,140 346,940 400,240 Cottonseed 4/ : Flaxseed : 143,260 156,210 137,590 Mustard Seed : 32,170 28,940 Peanuts : 620,790 454,870 609,870 Rapeseed : 80 80 Safflower : 81,750 78,910 Soybeans for Beans :30,642,320 30,766,150 30,206,470 Sunflower : 1,018,400 837,510 969,640 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 3/ : 3,832,820 3,565,930 3,062,980 Upland : 3,762,400 3,507,850 2,994,710 Amer-Pima : 70,420 58,070 68,270 Sugarbeets : 441,440 466,040 406,550 Sugarcane : 351,270 Tobacco : 143,460 142,940 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 7,080 7,690 3,240 Dry Edible Beans : 605,010 625,690 584,860 Dry Edible Peas : 357,140 390,930 342,890 Lentils : 109,670 151,760 106,430 Wrinkled Seed Peas 4/ : : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 2,550 Ginger Root (HI) : 20 Hops : 16,550 16,240 Peppermint Oil : 24,280 Potatoes, All 3/ : 428,490 423,180 Winter : 4,450 3,640 4,450 3,640 Spring : 28,450 30,590 27,840 29,700 Summer : 19,020 18,130 Fall : 376,560 372,760 Spearmint Oil : 8,260 Sweet Potatoes : 41,760 41,240 39,380 Taro (HI) 5/ : 160 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Area planted for all purposes. 3/ Total may not add due to rounding. 4/ Acreage is not estimated. 5/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Grains & Hay : Barley : 3.42 5,214,450 Corn for Grain : 9.66 307,385,600 Corn for Silage : 41.95 101,259,050 Hay, All 2/ : 5.44 132,151,420 Alfalfa : 7.44 63,158,200 All Other : 4.36 68,993,210 Oats : 2.28 1,286,530 Proso Millet : 1.81 337,470 Rice : 7.67 9,241,170 Rye : 1.86 202,680 Sorghum for Grain : 4.08 11,998,040 Sorghum for Silage : 31.02 5,121,970 Wheat, All 2/ : 3.02 68,025,900 Winter : 3.17 2.95 50,835,990 40,599,300 Durum : 2.21 2,309,970 Other Spring : 2.73 14,879,930 : Oilseeds : Canola : 1.64 655,470 Cottonseed 3/ : 3,901,170 Flaxseed : 1.06 145,190 Mustard Seed : 0.65 18,710 Peanuts : 3.83 2,335,050 Rapeseed : 1.68 140 Safflower : 1.78 140,810 Soybeans for Beans : 2.67 80,535,520 Sunflower : 1.60 1,552,570 : Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops : Cotton, All 2/ : 0.91 2,790,200 Upland : 0.90 2,696,410 Amer-Pima : 1.37 93,800 Sugarbeets : 59.88 24,346,120 Sugarcane : 71.29 25,041,020 Tobacco : 2.53 363,100 : Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils : Austrian Winter Peas : 1.46 4,720 Dry Edible Beans : 1.98 1,159,290 Dry Edible Peas : 1.62 556,560 Lentils : 1.03 109,360 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3/ : 26,310 : Potatoes & Misc. : Coffee (HI) : 1.30 3,310 Ginger Root (HI) : 33.63 820 Hops : 2.21 36,570 Peppermint Oil : 0.10 2,490 Potatoes, All 2/ : 44.24 18,721,660 Winter : 25.78 26.90 114,760 97,980 Spring : 32.80 32.56 913,170 967,290 Summer : 34.26 621,150 Fall : 45.80 17,072,580 Spearmint Oil : 0.13 1,090 Sweet Potatoes : 21.25 836,560 Taro (HI) 3/ : 1,950 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year. 2/ Production may not add due to rounding. 3/ Yield is not estimated. Fruits and Nuts Summary: Production, United States, 2007-2009 (Domestic Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production Crop : Units :----------------------------------------- : : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 1,000 : : Citrus 2/ : : Grapefruit :Tons : 1,627 1,552 1,327 Lemons :" : 798 619 817 Oranges :" : 7,625 10,074 9,254 Tangelos (FL) :" : 56 68 52 Tangerines and Mandarins :" : 361 527 445 : : Noncitrus : : Apples :1,000 Lbs: 9,089.4 10,035.2 Apricots :Tons : 88.5 81.5 Bananas (HI) :Lbs : 25,600.0 17,400.0 Grapes :Tons : 7,037.3 7,434.9 Olives (CA) :" : 132.5 66.8 Papayas (HI) :Lbs : 33,400.0 33,500.0 Peaches :Tons : 1,127.2 1,121.9 Pears :" : 873.0 818.5 Prunes, Dried (CA) :" : 83.0 129.0 170.0 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) :" : 12.1 15.6 : : Nuts & Misc. : : Almonds (CA) (shelled) :Lbs : 1,390,000 1,610,000 1,450,000 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) :Tons : 37.0 32.0 Pecans (in-shell) :Lbs : 387,305 191,080 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) :Tons : 328.0 375.0 Maple Syrup :Gals : 1,517 1,912 2,327 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2008-09 season. 2/ Production years are 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09. Fruits and Nuts Summary: Production, United States, 2007-2009 (Metric Units) 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :-------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric tons : Citrus 2/ : Grapefruit : 1,475,990 1,407,950 1,203,830 Lemons : 723,930 561,550 741,170 Oranges : 6,917,280 9,138,980 8,395,090 Tangelos (FL) : 50,800 61,690 47,170 Tangerines and Mandarins : 327,490 478,090 403,700 : Noncitrus : Apples : 4,122,880 4,551,890 Apricots : 80,250 73,940 Bananas (HI) : 11,610 7,890 Grapes : 6,384,090 6,744,840 Olives (CA) : 120,200 60,600 Papayas (HI) : 15,150 15,200 Peaches : 1,022,530 1,017,780 Pears : 791,930 742,490 Prunes, Dried (CA) : 75,300 117,030 154,220 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) : 10,980 14,150 : Nuts & Misc. : Almonds (CA) (shelled) : 630,490 730,280 657,710 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) : 33,570 29,030 Pecans (in-shell) : 175,680 86,670 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) : 297,560 340,190 Maple Syrup : 7,580 9,560 11,630 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2008-09 season. 2/ Production years are 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09. May Weather Summary Extremely wet conditions persisted or developed across the South and East, eradicating drought but causing localized flooding and fieldwork delays. Some of the heaviest rain, 10 to 20 inches or more, drenched Florida's previously drought-stricken peninsula. An exception to the dry pattern was the western Gulf Coast region, where only light rain fell. The majority of the Nation's mid-section experienced a drying trend during May, although some heavy showers lingered across the southeastern Plains and a few other scattered locations. The drier weather promoted winter wheat maturation and a rapid fieldwork pace, but reduced soil moisture for immature wheat and emerging summer crops. Generally dry conditions in the western Corn Belt allowed corn and soybean planting to approach completion, while fieldwork languished in the still-soggy central Corn Belt. Persistently cool weather hampered crop emergence and growth in the upper Midwest, where May temperatures averaged as many as 2 to 6 degrees Fahrenheit below normal. Elsewhere, warmer-than-normal weather (generally 2 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit above normal) prevailed in the West, except for near-normal temperatures across the northern tier of the region. However, unusually heavy late-spring precipitation affected several areas, including northern California, the Northwest, and the Four Corners region. May Agricultural Summary The month of May delivered above average temperatures to much of the United States, helping to dry previously soggy fields and affording producers ideal planting conditions. Conversely, temperatures in the northern Great Plains States of North Dakota and Minnesota fell to as many as 8 degrees below normal. Much of the eastern half of the country was wetter than normal during the month, bringing drought relief to many regions. Northeastern coastal counties in Florida received up to 22 inches of rainfall brought about mostly by a slow-moving low pressure system that pounded the State during the latter part of the month, and caused localized flooding in some citrus groves. In contrast, much of the Intermountain and Plateau region, as well as the northern Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, and lower Delta experienced below normal precipitation for the month. By May 3, corn producers had planted 33 percent of this year's crop, 9 points ahead of one year ago but 17 points slower than the 5-year average. Unfavorably wet field conditions in Illinois, the second largest corn-producing State, slowed planting progress to over 3 weeks behind normal. By mid-month, planting progress remained behind the average in all States except Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and North Carolina. Continued wet weather in Illinois and Indiana further delayed planting progress. By month's end, 93 percent of the 2009 corn crop was planted, 1 point behind last year and 4 points behind the average. Planting in the Corn Belt was complete or nearly complete in all States except Illinois and Indiana where 82 and 78 percent of the crop was planted, respectively. Nationally, 14 percent of this year's corn crop was emerged by May 10, compared with 10 percent a year ago and 28 percent for the 5-year average. Development was behind normal in all States except Iowa and Nebraska. By May 31, emergence was evident in 73 percent of the Nation's crop, with 70 percent rated in good to excellent condition. As the month began, 30 percent of this year's sorghum crop was planted, slightly behind last year, but on par with the average. Sorghum producers in Illinois, Kansas, and South Dakota had yet to begin planting their 2009 crop. By mid-May, planting was just underway in Kansas, the largest sorghum-producing State; however, with just 5 percent of the crop in the ground, progress was 4 points behind the previous year and 8 points behind the 5-year average. Toward month's end, the most progress was made in New Mexico ahead of forecasted rainfall. By the end of May, 57 percent of this year's acreage was planted, compared with 53 percent a year ago and 58 percent for the average. Planting in Illinois was over a month behind normal due to an abundance of soil moisture that prevented fieldwork. Oat producers had sown 69 percent of their acreage by May 3, four points ahead of last year's pace but 9 points behind the 5-year average. By the onset of May, seeding was complete in Texas and neared completion in Iowa and Nebraska. By mid-month, 88 percent of this year's crop was sown, compared with 92 percent a year ago and 95 percent for the average. Favorable conditions allowed producers in North Dakota, the second largest oat-producing State, to make a large push in seeding progress; however, progress lagged normal by nearly 2 weeks because wet fields had delayed the start of spring fieldwork. By May 24, producers had sown 95 percent of their 2009 acreage, 2 points behind the pace in 2008 and 3 points behind normal. Seeding was complete or nearly complete in all States except North Dakota. Forty-seven percent of the Nation's oat crop had emerged by May 3, compared with 38 percent a year ago and 51 percent for the 5-year average. Warm growing conditions in Nebraska and Iowa aided rapid development at the beginning of the month. By May 17, emergence was evident in 71 percent of oat fields across the country, 4 points ahead of last year but 8 points behind the average. At the end of the month, 92 percent of the 2009 oat crop had emerged, on par with the pace a year ago but 4 points behind normal. Thirty percent of this year's crop was at or beyond the heading stage, compared with 30 percent a year ago and 31 percent for the average. Heading was virtually complete in Texas, the largest oat-producing State. Overall, the condition of this year's oat crop improved throughout the month, with 56 percent rated in good to excellent condition by May 31. Following a slow start to seeding in April, barley producers had sown just 22 percent of their acreage by May 3, twenty-eight points behind last year and 32 points, or almost 2 weeks, behind the 5-year average. Continued soggy fields in North Dakota caused their seeding pace to fall to 3 weeks behind normal at the beginning of the month, but drier conditions at mid-month allowed producers to seed a significant number of acres. By month's end, 87 percent of 2009's acreage was sown, 12 points behind last year and 11 points behind the average. Emergence was evident in 6 percent of the crop as the month began, compared with 10 percent in 2008 and 18 percent for the 5-year average. Affected by the slow seeding pace, emergence had reached only 60 percent by May 31, twenty-nine points behind last year and 28 points behind normal. Seventy-two percent of the barley crop was rated in good to excellent condition on May 31, compared with 59 percent a year ago. The month began with 27 percent of this year's winter wheat crop at or beyond the heading stage, slightly ahead of last year, but 8 points behind the 5-year average. As the month progressed, heading reached 56 percent complete by May 17, compared with 47 percent last year and 60 percent for the average. May ended with 77 percent of this year's crop at or beyond the heading stage, with heading complete in Arkansas, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. On May 31, forty-five percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition, a slight decline from the end of April and a year ago. On May 3, spring wheat seeding was 23 percent complete, and lagged 32 and 36 points, or nearly 2 weeks, behind last year's and the average pace. In North Dakota and Montana, the two largest spring wheat-producing States, progress was over 3 weeks and 1 week behind average, respectively, due mostly to producers being unable to get equipment into saturated fields. By mid-month, seeding was nearing completion in Idaho, South Dakota, and Washington. As May ended, seeding was behind the previous year and 5-year average in all States except South Dakota and Washington, where all acreage had been sown. Nationally, emergence reached 7 percent complete on May 3, three points behind last year and 13 points behind the average pace. During the month, 60 percent of the crop emerged. By the end of the month, emergence reached 67 percent complete, but was nearly 2 weeks behind normal. At month's end, 73 percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared to 57 percent a year ago. Rice producers had sown 64 percent of their 2009 acreage as May began, 5 points ahead of last year, but 5 points behind the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced in Texas and the Delta States. Field preparation and seeding were in full swing in California mid-month. Nationally, as May ended, 94 percent of the rice crop was seeded, 3 points behind both the pace in 2008 and normal. By month's end, 81 percent of this year's crop had emerged, with 53 percent rated in good to excellent condition. By May 3, soybean producers had planted 6 percent of their acreage, 1 point ahead of last year, but 5 points behind the average pace. Progress was most advanced in the Delta, but had not yet begun in several other locations. As the month progressed, producers in Illinois and North Dakota continued to battle soggy fields and wet weather, leaving planting over a week behind normal. By May 31, sixty-six percent of the 2009 soybean acreage was planted, slightly behind last year and 13 points behind normal. Crop emergence began mid-month, and had reached 17 percent by May 24, compared with 12 percent a year ago and 31 percent for the 5-year average. As the month ended, emergence was 36 percent complete, 6 points ahead of 2008 but 15 points behind the average. Following a delay in planting, crop emergence in Illinois lagged the average pace by 54 points. Peanut producers planted 11 percent of this year's crop by May 3, two points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of the 5-year average. A lack of soil moisture held planting to a slow pace in Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State. After wet fields kept producers in Alabama out of their fields at the start of the month, the planting pace gained speed mid-month with 20 percent of the crop planted during the week ending May 17. As of May 31, seventy-two percent of the Nation's peanut crop was planted; however, progress lagged last year and the average by 12 points, and was behind in all States except North Carolina and Texas. With 2 percent of the 2009 crop in the ground, sunflower planting was just underway during the week ending May 17, and was 10 points behind the pace in 2008 and 9 points behind normal. Progress was at or behind last year and the 5-year average in all States. As May ended, 31 percent of the Nation's crop was planted, with progress in North Dakota, the largest sunflower-producing State, at 34 percent complete, 2 weeks behind the average. Cotton producers had planted nearly one-quarter of their acreage by May 3. At 24 percent complete, progress was slightly behind last year and 4 points behind the 5-year average. Planting in the High Plains of Texas was delayed as producers waited for additional rainfall before putting their seed in the ground. By mid-month, an increased number of days suitable for fieldwork brought significant planting activity to the Southeastern States of Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina; however, progress remained behind last year and the average in all 3 States. The end of the May brought warm, dry weather to Kansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas, allowing producers to plant one-fifth or more of their acreage during the week ending May 31. As May ended, cotton planting had reached 77 percent complete, 2 points behind last year and 4 points behind the average. By May 3, thirty-seven percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, compared with 50 percent in 2008 and 72 percent for the 5-year average. As saturated fields and cool temperatures limited fieldwork, producers in North Dakota planted just 1 percent of their crop from April 27 to May 3. With planting progress in Idaho and Michigan nearing completion by May 17, growers in Minnesota and North Dakota fought sodden fields, allowing progress to fall to over 2 weeks behind normal. May ended with 96 percent of the sugarbeet crop planted, 4 points behind last year's and the average pace. Crop Comments Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.49 billion bushels, down less than 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and down 20 percent from 2008. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 43.9 bushels per acre, down 0.3 bushel from the previous forecast and down 3.3 bushels from last year. Grain area totals 34.0 million acres, unchanged from last month. As of May 31, heading had reached 77 percent in the 18 major States, 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's level in Montana and Oklahoma but above in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and Texas. Condition ratings during May declined in Kansas and Montana, improved in Colorado, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, and remained constant in Texas. Colorado and Nebraska received much needed moisture during May, while Oklahoma was adversely affected by rain and hail. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 3 Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are below last year's level. Condition ratings declined during May in Illinois and Missouri, but improved in Ohio. Wet weather and cool temperatures in Illinois have kept crop progress behind normal. In the Pacific Northwest States (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington), yields increased from last month in Idaho, but remain unchanged in Washington and Oregon. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are above last year. Condition ratings declined during May in Washington, improved in Oregon, and remained constant in Idaho. As of May 31, winter wheat crop progress in Washington was 30 percent headed, behind the 5-year average of 54 percent. Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 26.6 million bushels, up 5 percent from May 1 but 14 percent below their 2008 total of 30.9 million bushels. California reported scattered incidents of stripe rust with little to no impact on yield. Harvest in Arizona, as of May 31, was slightly ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Peaches: The 2009 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 907,000 tons, down 4 percent from 2008 and 7 percent below two years ago. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 440,000 tons, up 2 percent from the May 1 forecast and 3 percent above 2008. The 2009 bloom was reported as good to very good throughout the State. Following some freezing temperatures and a series of rainstorms in early March, growers had good weather for pruning, spraying, and tree planting activities. By the end of April, the fruit was starting to differentiate in size. The crop set appeared lighter than the growers' initial post bloom expectations. However, growers reported a normal crop level. The California Freestone crop is forecast at 370,000 tons, unchanged from the May 1 forecast but 13 percent below the 2008 crop. Freezing temperatures, along with decreased bearing acreage, have resulted in lower production expectations compared with the previous year. Harvest continued during May with Spring Flame, Super Rich, and Snow Angel reported as the major varieties harvested. The South Carolina crop is forecast at 65,000 tons, up 8 percent from last year. Precipitation throughout the production areas has been adequate this season. Fruit size and quality have been reported as good. Harvest began the week of May 10. Georgia's peach crop is forecast at 32,000 tons, up 14 percent from last year and 146 percent above the 2007 freeze damaged crop. Harvest began around mid-May and is progressing at a normal pace. Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett Pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 423,000 tons, up 3 percent from last year but equal to the 2007 production. Production in California is forecast at 190,000 tons, down 3 percent from last season and 5 percent below 2 years ago. Bartlett bloom began in March and was reported to be excellent. Growing conditions have been favorable with minimal frost damage reported. Washington's Bartlett crop is forecast at 170,000 tons, up 8 percent from 2008 and 4 percent above 2 years ago. Despite a cold winter and cooler than normal spring, minimal damage was reported. Grower comments indicated good overall bloom densities and fruit set. However, many producers reported a large volume of small fruit. Oregon growers expect to harvest 63,000 tons, up 11 percent from last year and 7 percent above the 2007 Bartlett crop. Sweet Cherries: The combined 2009 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 315,000 tons, up 45 percent from 2008 and 14 percent above 2007. Washington's production is forecast at 180,000 tons, up 80 percent from the previous year. A very cold winter, combined with an excellent bloom, provided a good start for the 2009 crop. Very little damage was reported from cold weather this Spring, with newer plantings coming into full production. Oregon's 2009 sweet cherry production is forecast at 60,000 tons, up 94 percent from 2008. Higher production levels were expected due to reports of ideal weather conditions for crop growth in the two main areas where cherries are grown in Oregon. Also, producers in the largest growing area reported the highest expected production as a percentage of a full crop. California's production is forecast at 75,000 tons, down 13 percent from 2008. Spring weather generated occasional rain and cool temperatures for California's sweet cherry crop. Storms early in the month produced some damages to Brooks and Burlat varieties. Prunes (Dried Plums): California's 2009 prune production forecast is 170,000 dried tons, up 32 percent from the 129,000 tons in 2008 and 205 percent above the 2007 crop. Weather conditions have been ideal, resulting in excellent bloom, fruit set and good sized fruit. Growers were busy thinning fruit due to the large set. Apricots: California's 2009 production forecast is 66,000 tons, down 14 percent from the 2008 crop and 19 percent below 2007. Production was expected to be down from above average levels in recent years due to frosts and water shortages. Overall, bloom, fruit set, and quality were reported to be good. The sensitivity of apricots to weather, economics, market demand and foreign competition continued to pressure apricot growers to pull trees and grow more profitable crops. Florida Citrus: During May, Florida's citrus producing regions received relief from the drought. Several days of storms and heavy showers around mid-month drenched the area causing localized flooding. Some growers pumped excess water out of the groves and into canals and reservoirs. By the end of the month, the heavy showers tapered off and typical Florida summer weather patterns returned, bringing plenty of sunshine and quick moving late afternoon and evening rain showers. The northern citrus producing region received the most rainfall totaling up to fifteen inches in some areas, followed by the central citrus producing region with six to twelve inches. Temperatures were about average most of the month, dropping into the 60's at night and reaching into the mid to high 80's during the day. Harvest of Valencia oranges peaked during the second week in May. Most packinghouses had closed or planned to close by the end of June. Varieties going to the fresh market included late oranges and small quantities of grapefruit. Trees in well kept groves appeared healthy and next season's fruit was sizing well. Oranges were as large as golf balls in many orchards and grapefruit were slightly larger. Production practices were lighter than normal due to the heavy rain and lightning, but included applying herbicides, spraying, mowing, and removing brush. California Citrus: Widely fluctuating temperatures in the San Joaquin Valley during May increased fruit drop in some navel orange orchards. Late varieties of navel oranges continued to be harvested and Valencia oranges entered their peak harvest season. Harvesting of Gold Nugget mandarins, W. Murcott tangerines, and Minneola tangelos was complete. Lemon and grapefruit harvests continued. California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Irrigation was widespread for all fruit and nut crops throughout the San Joaquin Valley during May but significant rainfall made irrigation unnecessary in northern coastal areas. Surface water irrigation allotments were increased slightly by the State and Federal water projects due to the recent rains but many orchards throughout the Central Valley planned to rely primarily on well water for the remainder of the season. Storms early in the month damaged Brooks and Burlat cherries in the Sacramento Valley. Mildew was a pressing concern of grape growers across the State. Fungicides, pesticides, and herbicides were applied in grape vineyards. Pruning, fertilization, and insect and weed control were underway in tree fruit orchards across the State. Grape and prune growers continued thinning fruit in orchards and vineyards with excessive sets. Almond growers monitored for spider mites and applied preventative miticides where necessary. Blight treatments and weed flaming continued in walnut orchards. Early varieties of wine grapes were in full bloom along the north coast during May and later varieties were expected to bloom in early June. Harvesting of early apricot, nectarine, peach, and plum varieties continued in the San Joaquin Valley. Brooks and Bing cherry harvests also continued. Figs were sizing well and kiwifruit vineyards were blooming in the Sacramento Valley. Fruit set was good in pear orchards along the north coast but cool temperatures moderated crop growth. Fruit continued to develop in Asian and Bartlett pear and pomegranate orchards. Blackberry vines continued to develop and early season blueberry harvest began in the high desert. Strawberry harvest slowed in the San Joaquin Valley but increased in the Sacramento Valley. Olive trees began flowering and some trees were forming fruit. Summer avocados were blooming, while harvest of springtime varieties was halfway complete. Almond, pistachio, and walnut nutlets were hardening throughout the State. Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2008-09 U.S. grapefruit crop is 1.33 million tons, down 2 percent from the May forecast and 14 percent lower than the 2007-08 final utilization of 1.55 million tons. Florida's grapefruit production is forecast at 21.8 million boxes (927,000 tons), 3 percent lower than the May forecast and 18 percent below last season. The Florida all white grapefruit forecast is 6.70 million boxes (285,000 tons), down 4 percent from May and down 26 percent from the 2007-08 final utilization. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 15.1 million boxes (642,000 tons), is down 3 percent from the May forecast and 14 percent lower than last season. The row count survey conducted in early June indicated that nearly 99 percent of the rows observed were harvested. Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangerines and Mandarins: The U.S. tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 445,000 tons, unchanged from the May forecast but 16 percent lower than the 2007-08 season. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 3.90 million boxes (185,000 tons), unchanged from the May forecast but down 29 percent from the 2007-08 final utilization. The Florida tangerine harvest was complete. Of the total, early tangerine varieties made up 2.6 million boxes and the later maturing Honey variety accounted for 1.3 million boxes. Over two-thirds of the certified tangerine crop was sold fresh. Arizona and California forecasts are carried forward from April. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo forecast is 1.15 million boxes (52,000 tons), unchanged from the May forecast but 23 percent lower than last season's final production. Tangelo harvest was complete for the season and was the smallest crop since the 2003-04 season. About 40 percent of the certified fruit was sold as fresh and the remainder of the fruit was processed. Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.52 million pounds for April 2009, down 3 percent from March and 4 percent lower than April 2008. Total crop area for April is estimated at 2,280 acres, down 2 percent from March but 13 percent above April 2008. Harvested area totaled 1,420 acres, down 3 percent from the previous month but 8 percent higher than last year. Rainy weather prevailed during early April, resulting in adverse field conditions that made disease prevalent. As a result, some papaya growers abandoned acreage. During the second half of the month, temperatures increased and days were drier with intermittent hazy conditions. The warmer weather promoted crop progress and the drier periods allowed growers to concentrate their efforts on field maintenance. Orchard conditions were fair to good. Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2009 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 40,125 acres, 2 percent less than the 2008 crop of 40,898 acres but 30 percent more than the 2007 crop of 30,911 acres. Washington, with 29,908 acres for harvest, accounts for 75 percent of the U.S. total acreage. Oregon hop growers plan to string 6,185 acres, or 15 percent of the U.S. total for 2009, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 10 percent, or 4,032 acres strung for harvest. Only Idaho increased their acreage from a year ago. Hop growth was off to a slow start this season due to a cold, wet spring. Progress caught up to normal as warmer weather prevailed last month. Hops were halfway to the wire with the crop looking very good. Disease pressure was reported to be very low with water supplies at 100 percent. Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2008 crop year is revised to 26.8 million tons, up 17,000 tons from the January end-of-season estimate but 15 percent below 2007. Area harvested totaled 1.00 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate but down 19 percent from the previous year. The 2008 record high yield, at 26.7 tons per acre, is up 1.2 tons from 2007 and 0.6 ton from the previous record set in 2006. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2008 is revised to 27.6 million tons, down 4 percent from the March 1 estimate and 8 percent below 2007. Total production of cane for sugar and seed is down from the previous year in all States in the estimating program (Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, and Texas). Area harvested for sugar and seed, at 868,000 acres, is down 500 acres from the previous estimate and 11,600 acres below last year. Yield is estimated at 31.8 tons per acre, down 1.2 tons from March 1 and 2.3 tons below the 2007 crop year. Production of sugarcane for sugar is revised to 26.1 million tons, down 4 percent from March 1 and 8 percent below 2007. Area harvested for sugar production totaled 821,600 acres, down fractionally from the previous estimate and 1 percent below 2007. Yield of sugarcane for sugar is 31.8 tons per acre, down 1.2 tons from March 1 and 2.4 tons below 2007. Sweet Potatoes: Production for the 2008 crop year is revised to 18.4 million cwt, up 1 percent from the January production estimate and up 2 percent from 2007. Area harvested, at 97,300 acres, is up slightly from January. The average yield is a record high 190 cwt per acre, up 1 cwt from the January estimate. California sweet potato production, at 4.37 million cwt, is up 2 percent from January due to a 2 percent increase in harvested area. South Carolina production increased 22 percent from January, due to an increase in yield of 20 cwt per acre. Maple Syrup: The 2009 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 2.33 million gallons, up 22 percent from 2008 and the highest on record since 1944. The number of taps is estimated at 8.65 million, 4 percent above the 2008 total of 8.33 million. Yield per tap is estimated to be 0.269 gallons, up 17 percent from the previous season. Vermont led all States in production with 920,000 gallons, an increase of 30 percent from 2008 and the highest on record since 1944. Production in Maine reached a record high 395,000 gallons, up 65 percent from last year. Production in New York, at 362,000 gallons, increased 10 percent from 2008. Production in Wisconsin, at 200,000 gallons, is the highest on record and 33 percent above 2008. In Michigan, production is estimated to be 115,000 gallons. This is the highest on record since 1947 and 10 percent above 2008. In New Hampshire, production is estimated to be 94,000 gallons, down 1 percent from last season. Production in Pennsylvania, at 92,000 gallons, is 8 percent below 2008. In Ohio, production is estimated to be 90,000 gallons, down 10 percent from 2008. Production in Massachusetts, at 46,000 gallons, decreased 29 percent from last season. In Connecticut, production is estimated to be 13,000 gallons, down 32 percent from 2008. Temperatures were reported to be mostly favorable in all States except Pennsylvania. Producers in Pennsylvania experienced weather fluctuations and reported temperatures that were mostly too warm for sap flow. On average, the season lasted 28 days compared with 30 days last year. In most States, the season started later than last year. The earliest sap flow reported was January 15 in Pennsylvania. The latest sap flow reported was May 1 in New Hampshire. Sugar content of the sap for 2009 was down from the previous year. On average, approximately 43 gallons of sap were required to produce one gallon of syrup. This compares with 39 gallons in 2008 and 45 gallons in 2007. The majority of the syrup produced in each State this year was medium to dark in color with the exception of Maine. The 2008 U.S. average price per gallon was $40.50, up $7.70 from the 2007 price of $32.80. The U.S. value of production, at $77.5 million for 2008, was up 55 percent from the previous season. This is the result of an increase in price and production from 2007. Value of production increased in all 10 maple syrup estimating States. Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecast Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 24 and June 4 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 61 percent of the 2008 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which are combined with the previous components and are used to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from April. Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.5 percent. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 76 million bushels, ranging from 13 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.5 percent. However, if you exclude the 5 abnormal production seasons (3 freeze seasons and 2 hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.8 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.5 percent, or 1.8 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.7 percent, or 3.0 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 124,000 tons (154,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons when including or excluding abnormal seasons. The June 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times (below 5 times and above 10 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the June 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Lance Honig, Chief..........................................(202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Jacqueline Moore, Head.................................(202) 720-2127 Nick Schauer - Wheat, Rye..............................(202) 720-8068 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings................(202) 720-5944 Jacqueline Moore - Hay, Oats, Sorghum..................(202) 720-2127 Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed...............(202) 720-9526 Julie Schmidt - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops......(202) 720-7621 Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice......................(202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds...(202) 720-7369 Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head..............................(202) 720-2127 Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco..............................................(202) 720-7235 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.................................(202) 720-2157 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes...............................................(202) 720-4288 Mike Jacobson - Cranberries............................(202) 720-9085 Dawn Keen - Floriculture, Nursery, Tree Nuts...........(202) 720-4215 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans........................(202) 720-3250 Suzanne Avilla - Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes.............................(202) 720-5412 Kim Ritchie - Hops.....................................(360) 902-1940 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! 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