Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released June 12, 2012, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Down 1 Percent from May Orange Production Up 1 percent from May Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.68 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the May 1 forecast but 13 percent above 2011. Based on June 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 47.3 bushels per acre, down 0.3 bushel from last month but 1.1 bushels more than last year. Expected area for harvest as grain or seed totals 35.6 million acres, unchanged from May 1. Hard Red Winter, at 1.02 billion bushels, is down 1 percent from a month ago. Soft Red Winter production is up slightly from last month and now totals 428 million bushels. White Winter production totals 231 million bushels, down 1 percent from last month. Of this total, 14.1 million bushels are Hard White and 217 million bushels are Soft White. The United States all orange forecast for the 2011-2012 season is 8.96 million tons, up 1 percent from both the May 1 forecast and the 2010-2011 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 146 million boxes (6.58 million tons), is up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 4 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 74.2 million boxes (3.34 million tons), unchanged from the May 1 forecast but up 6 percent from last season. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 72.0 million boxes (3.24 million tons), is up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 3 percent from the 2010-2011 crop. Harvest of Valencia oranges in Florida is ahead of last year. Drought conditions improved in May due to significant rainfall. California and Texas production forecasts are carried forward from April. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2011-2012 season is 1.63 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, up 1 percent from the May forecast and up 3 percent from last season's final yield of 1.59 gallons per box. The early-midseason portion is final at 1.53 gallons per box, up 1 percent from last season's yield. The Valencia portion is projected at 1.74 gallons per box, 5 percent higher than last year's final yield of 1.66 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. This report was approved on June 12, 2012. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Joseph W. Glauber Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012.............................................................................................. 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012.............................................................................................. 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012............................... 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2010-2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012.............................................................................................. 7 Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012............... 8 Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2010 and 2011............................................................................................. 9 Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010 and 2011................. 10 Sugarcane Price and Value - States and United States: 2010 and 2011....................................... 10 Sweet Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010 and 2011.. 11 Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010-2012............................. 12 Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2010-2012......................................... 12 Maple Syrup Season - States and United States: 2010-2012.................................................. 12 Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container - States: 2010 and 2011........................... 13 Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States: 2010 and 2011............................................................ 13 Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type - States: 2010 and 2011.............................................. 13 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2011 and 2012... 14 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2011 and 2012..... 16 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2011 and 2012............................... 18 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2011 and 2012................................. 19 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2008-2012........... 20 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map....................................................................... 21 Departure of Average Temperature from Normal Map.......................................................... 21 May Weather Summary....................................................................................... 22 May Agricultural Summary.................................................................................. 22 Crop Comments............................................................................................. 25 Statistical Methodology................................................................................... 27 Information Contacts...................................................................................... 29 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2012 : : : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 :-------------------: 2011 : 2012 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 520 480 58.0 57.0 56.0 30,160 26,880 California .....: 420 350 85.0 80.0 85.0 35,700 29,750 Colorado .......: 2,000 2,250 39.0 41.0 39.0 78,000 87,750 Georgia ........: 200 200 55.0 52.0 47.0 11,000 9,400 Idaho ..........: 770 730 82.0 85.0 82.0 63,140 59,860 Illinois .......: 765 630 61.0 62.0 61.0 46,665 38,430 Indiana ........: 400 330 62.0 63.0 60.0 24,800 19,800 Kansas .........: 7,900 9,000 35.0 43.0 43.0 276,500 387,000 Kentucky .......: 440 450 70.0 60.0 62.0 30,800 27,900 Maryland .......: 190 180 66.0 63.0 63.0 12,540 11,340 : Michigan .......: 680 540 75.0 74.0 72.0 51,000 38,880 Mississippi ....: 335 450 64.0 56.0 56.0 21,440 25,200 Missouri .......: 680 700 50.0 51.0 55.0 34,000 38,500 Montana ........: 2,190 2,120 41.0 40.0 40.0 89,790 84,800 Nebraska .......: 1,450 1,270 45.0 47.0 40.0 65,250 50,800 New York .......: 93 85 56.0 63.0 64.0 5,208 5,440 North Carolina .: 610 750 68.0 60.0 60.0 41,480 45,000 North Dakota ...: 375 720 37.0 48.0 49.0 13,875 35,280 Ohio ...........: 850 530 58.0 63.0 61.0 49,300 32,330 Oklahoma .......: 3,200 4,300 22.0 36.0 37.0 70,400 159,100 : Oregon .........: 825 775 77.0 72.0 72.0 63,525 55,800 Pennsylvania ...: 170 150 51.0 61.0 63.0 8,670 9,450 South Carolina .: 180 235 60.0 54.0 54.0 10,800 12,690 South Dakota ...: 1,590 1,300 42.0 44.0 43.0 66,780 55,900 Tennessee ......: 310 360 69.0 63.0 63.0 21,390 22,680 Texas ..........: 1,900 3,350 26.0 31.0 31.0 49,400 103,850 Virginia .......: 250 290 71.0 64.0 65.0 17,750 18,850 Washington .....: 1,730 1,670 75.0 69.0 69.0 129,750 115,230 Wisconsin ......: 335 250 65.0 67.0 70.0 21,775 17,500 : Other States 1/ : 956 1,135 55.2 51.2 51.3 52,789 58,277 : United States ..: 32,314 35,580 46.2 47.6 47.3 1,493,677 1,683,667 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2012 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012 [Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 2012. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 2012. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2012 : : : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 :-------------------: 2011 : 2012 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres --------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 79 99 101.0 115.0 110.0 7,979 10,890 California .....: 115 130 109.0 115.0 110.0 12,535 14,300 Montana ........: 385 28.0 10,780 North Dakota ...: 715 25.5 18,233 : Other States 1/ : 18 53.1 955 : United States ..: 1,312 38.5 50,482 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2012 Summary." Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Crop : 2011 : 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ............: 780,089 1,023,894 Soft red ............: 457,535 428,466 Hard white ..........: 12,368 14,124 Soft white ..........: 243,685 217,183 : Spring : Hard red ............: 397,689 Hard white ..........: 11,878 Soft white ..........: 45,621 Durum ...............: 50,482 : Total ............ : 1,999,347 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2010-2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ : Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010-2011 : 2011-2012 : 2010-2011 : 2011-2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 boxes ------- ------- 1,000 tons ------ Oranges : Early, mid, and Navel 2/ : California 3/ ..............: 48,000 44,000 1,920 1,760 Florida ....................: 70,300 74,200 3,164 3,339 Texas 3/ ...................: 1,700 1,165 72 50 : United States ..............: 120,000 119,365 5,156 5,149 : Valencia : California 3/ ..............: 14,500 14,000 580 560 Florida ....................: 70,200 72,000 3,159 3,240 Texas 3/ ...................: 249 224 11 10 : United States ..............: 84,949 86,224 3,750 3,810 : All : California 3/ ..............: 62,500 58,000 2,500 2,320 Florida ....................: 140,500 146,200 6,323 6,579 Texas 3/ ...................: 1,949 1,389 83 60 : United States ..............: 204,949 205,589 8,906 8,959 : Grapefruit : White : Florida ....................: 5,850 5,300 249 225 : Colored : Florida ....................: 13,900 13,500 591 574 : All : California 3/ ..............: 4,300 3,400 172 136 Florida ....................: 19,750 18,800 840 799 Texas 3/ ...................: 6,300 5,292 252 212 : United States ..............: 30,350 27,492 1,264 1,147 : Tangerines and mandarins : Arizona 3/ 4/ ................: 300 200 12 8 California 3/ 4/ .............: 9,900 9,800 396 392 Florida ......................: 4,650 4,300 221 204 : United States ................: 14,850 14,300 629 604 : Lemons 3/ : Arizona ......................: 2,500 800 100 32 California ...................: 20,500 19,500 820 780 : United States ................: 23,000 20,300 920 812 : Tangelos : Florida ......................: 1,150 1,150 52 52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80, tangelos-90. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines in Texas and Temples in Florida. 3/ Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 4/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2011 and Forecasted June 1, 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and variety : Area harvested : Strung for harvest ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : Idaho 1/ ........... : 2,265 2,449 : Oregon : Cascade ...............: 263 336 Centennial ............: (D) 217 Liberty ...............: 108 88 Magnum ................: 64 70 Mt. Hood ..............: 214 227 Nugget ................: 1,438 1,452 Perle .................: 98 83 Sterling ..............: 86 (D) Super Galena 241 186 Tetnanger .............: 70 63 Willamette ............: 779 655 : Other varieties 2/ ....: 841 745 : Total .................: 4,202 4,122 : Washington : Ahtanum ...............: (D) 172 Apollo ....: 885 899 Bravo .....: 593 514 Cascade ...............: 2,108 2,644 Centennial ............: 641 1,365 Chinook ...............: 572 990 Citra ....: 239 552 Cluster ...............: 482 544 Columbus/Tomahawk 2,947 2,171 : Crystal ...............: (D) 135 Galena ................: 1,415 951 Glacier ...............: 44 56 Golding ...............: (D) 90 Millennium ............: 403 323 Mt. Hood ..............: 95 113 Northern Brewer .......: 159 121 Nugget ................: 861 871 Simcoe ................: 495 922 Super Galena 990 955 : Tetnanger .............: (D) 31 Vanguard ..............: (D) 52 Willamette ............: 894 601 YCR-4 (Palisade 308 246 YCR-5 (Warrior 260 182 Zeus ..................: 4,159 3,456 : Other varieties 2/ ....: 4,770 5,281 : Total .................: 23,320 24,237 : United States ...... : 29,787 30,808 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. R Registered TM Trademark 1/ Only State totals published for Idaho to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2/ Includes data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations and varieties not listed. Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 [Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested : Yield per acre State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 acres --------------- ----- tons ----- : California 2/ : 25.6 25.1 25.5 25.1 44.6 44.0 Colorado .....: 28.9 29.4 27.9 28.7 29.5 28.9 Idaho ........: 171.0 176.0 170.0 176.0 31.0 34.4 Michigan .....: 147.0 153.0 147.0 153.0 26.0 24.0 Minnesota ....: 449.0 479.0 441.0 469.0 26.6 19.0 Montana ......: 42.6 45.0 42.5 43.0 29.5 25.9 Nebraska .....: 50.0 52.3 47.5 51.6 23.8 24.9 North Dakota .: 217.0 231.0 214.0 225.0 26.5 20.5 Oregon .......: 10.3 10.9 10.3 10.8 36.3 35.8 Wyoming ......: 30.5 31.0 30.4 30.9 27.0 27.8 : United States : 1,171.9 1,232.7 1,156.1 1,213.1 27.7 23.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Price per ton : Value of production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 1/ : 2010 : 2011 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 tons --- --- dollars -- 1,000 dollars : California 2/ : 1,137 1,104 65.00 73,905 Colorado .....: 823 829 69.20 56,952 Idaho ........: 5,270 6,054 57.30 301,971 Michigan .....: 3,822 3,672 71.30 272,509 Minnesota ....: 11,731 8,911 67.60 793,016 Montana ......: 1,254 1,112 64.00 80,256 Nebraska .....: 1,131 1,287 72.60 82,111 North Dakota .: 5,671 4,613 69.90 396,403 Oregon .......: 374 387 57.30 21,430 Wyoming ......: 821 859 69.40 56,977 : United States : 32,034 28,828 66.70 2,135,530 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 2012. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2013. 2/ In California, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern California. Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre 1/ : Production 1/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- ----- tons ----- --- 1,000 tons --- : For sugar : Florida ............: 374.0 380.0 32.7 37.8 12,230 14,364 Hawaii .............: 15.5 15.1 77.1 85.2 1,195 1,287 Louisiana ..........: 390.0 385.0 27.8 27.6 10,842 10,630 Texas ..............: 45.8 47.0 30.5 33.5 1,396 1,575 : United States ......: 825.3 827.1 31.1 33.7 25,663 27,856 : For seed : Florida ............: 18.0 17.0 41.2 42.4 742 721 Hawaii .............: 1.9 1.5 26.3 30.0 50 45 Louisiana ..........: 30.0 25.0 27.8 27.6 834 690 Texas ..............: 2.3 2.0 31.0 35.5 71 71 : United States ......: 52.2 45.5 32.5 33.6 1,697 1,527 : For sugar and seed : Florida ............: 392.0 397.0 33.1 38.0 12,972 15,085 Hawaii .............: 17.4 16.6 71.6 80.2 1,245 1,332 Louisiana ..........: 420.0 410.0 27.8 27.6 11,676 11,320 Texas ..............: 48.1 49.0 30.5 33.6 1,467 1,646 : United States ......: 877.5 872.6 31.2 33.7 27,360 29,383 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net tons. Sugarcane Price and Value - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : For sugar : For sugar and seed :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Price per ton : Value of production :Value of production 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 2/ : 2010 : 2011 2/ : 2010 : 2011 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- dollars -- ------------- 1,000 dollars ------------ : Florida ............: 38.00 464,740 492,936 Hawaii .............: 58.40 69,788 72,708 Louisiana ..........: 45.20 490,058 527,755 Texas ..............: 32.20 44,951 47,237 : United States ......: 41.70 1,069,537 1,140,636 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 2/ United States marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices" released July 2012. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2013. Sweet Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama ..........: 3.3 2.6 3.2 2.5 Arkansas .........: 3.1 3.6 3.0 3.5 California .......: 18.0 18.5 18.0 18.2 Florida ..........: 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.0 Louisiana ........: 13.5 14.0 13.0 13.0 Mississippi ......: 21.0 24.0 20.0 23.0 New Jersey .......: 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 North Carolina ...: 55.0 65.0 54.0 64.0 Texas ............: 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 : United States ....: 119.8 133.6 116.9 129.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- cwt ------- ------ 1,000 cwt ----- : Alabama ..........: 150 129 480 323 Arkansas .........: 160 180 480 630 California .......: 355 320 6,390 5,824 Florida ..........: 130 160 442 480 Louisiana ........: 190 185 2,470 2,405 Mississippi ......: 180 181 3,600 4,163 New Jersey .......: 110 150 143 195 North Carolina ...: 180 200 9,720 12,800 Texas ............: 120 120 120 144 : United States ....: 204 208 23,845 26,964 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2010-2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of taps : Yield per tap : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 taps ---- ------ gallons ------ --- 1,000 gallons --- : Connecticut ..: 75 71 70 0.120 0.239 0.157 9 17 11 Maine ........: 1,470 1,470 1,500 0.214 0.245 0.240 315 360 360 Massachusetts : 250 245 250 0.116 0.253 0.160 29 62 40 Michigan .....: 490 495 430 0.167 0.248 0.151 82 123 65 New Hampshire : 420 420 440 0.207 0.286 0.173 87 120 76 New York .....: 1,903 2,011 2,070 0.164 0.280 0.174 312 564 360 Ohio .........: 385 405 410 0.169 0.309 0.244 65 125 100 Pennsylvania .: 465 503 501 0.116 0.254 0.192 54 128 96 Vermont ......: 3,150 3,300 3,500 0.283 0.345 0.214 890 1,140 750 Wisconsin ....: 650 660 600 0.180 0.235 0.083 117 155 50 : United States : 9,258 9,580 9,771 0.212 0.292 0.195 1,960 2,794 1,908 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2010-2012 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Average price per gallon : Value of production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 1/ : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- dollars -------- ------ 1,000 dollars ------ : Connecticut ..: 70.00 73.00 630 1,241 Maine ........: 33.50 34.00 10,553 12,240 Massachusetts : 56.50 57.00 1,639 3,534 Michigan .....: 45.00 43.80 3,690 5,387 New Hampshire : 55.40 49.00 4,820 5,880 New York .....: 39.40 39.10 12,293 22,052 Ohio .........: 42.70 40.30 2,776 5,038 Pennsylvania .: 42.00 40.00 2,268 5,120 Vermont ......: 34.00 35.00 30,260 39,900 Wisconsin ....: 39.50 36.30 4,622 5,627 : United States : 37.50 37.90 73,551 106,019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Price and value for 2012 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2013. Maple Syrup Season - States and United States: 2010-2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Date season : Date season : Average season : opened 1/ : closed 2/ : length 3/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :-------------------- date -------------------- ------ days ------ : Connecticut ..:Jan 22 Feb 2 Jan 5 Apr 13 Apr 21 Mar 30 23 32 32 Maine ........: Feb 7 Feb 12 Feb 4 May 1 May 6 May 7 28 34 29 Massachusetts :Jan 29 Jan 31 Jan 29 Apr 21 Apr 27 Mar 30 23 31 24 Michigan .....: Feb 1 Feb 13 Jan 29 Apr 30 Apr 28 Apr 2 20 29 18 New Hampshire :Jan 17 Feb 14 Feb 2 Apr 10 Apr 30 Apr 21 26 32 25 New York .....:Jan 20 Jan 10 Jan 10 Apr 22 Apr 27 Apr 26 23 33 24 Ohio .........: Feb 5 Feb 2 Jan 20 Apr 4 Apr 11 Mar 30 18 31 26 Pennsylvania .:Jan 20 Feb 3 Jan 9 Apr 30 Apr 28 Apr 20 21 33 26 Vermont ......:Jan 14 Feb 1 Jan 18 Apr 30 Apr 30 May 2 30 36 26 Wisconsin ....: Feb 1 Feb 2 Jan 25 Apr 16 May 7 Apr 25 20 28 10 : United States : (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) 23 32 24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (X) Not applicable. 1/ Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2/ Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3/ The average number of days that sap was collected. Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container - States: 2010 and 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Gallon : 1/2 Gallon : Quart : Pint : 1/2 Pint Type and State:--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Retail : Connecticut ..:62.00 57.00 31.70 34.80 19.60 19.00 11.80 13.10 7.70 8.70 Maine ........:50.10 53.10 28.40 30.80 15.40 16.60 9.55 10.00 5.90 5.90 Massachusetts :53.00 50.80 26.80 30.00 17.20 18.50 10.00 11.30 6.50 8.40 Michigan .....:42.00 45.50 22.60 24.60 12.90 13.70 7.80 8.40 5.10 5.20 New Hampshire :49.00 51.30 28.10 27.30 17.10 17.20 9.80 10.10 6.50 5.80 New York .....:42.80 44.70 24.00 25.00 15.00 15.60 8.90 9.40 5.35 6.05 Ohio .........:40.50 41.70 23.00 24.90 13.90 15.10 8.50 8.90 5.95 6.80 Pennsylvania .:39.70 41.00 22.70 23.20 13.70 13.90 8.25 8.00 5.45 5.00 Vermont ......:43.30 44.70 25.50 26.20 15.70 15.70 9.70 9.70 6.20 5.90 Wisconsin ....:38.10 39.00 21.50 23.50 11.80 12.30 7.50 7.40 5.70 5.30 : Wholesale : Connecticut ..:59.00 (D) 29.50 25.00 14.40 14.00 10.70 8.00 4.90 5.10 Maine ........:42.30 42.70 26.70 24.00 13.80 12.10 7.00 7.00 4.15 4.30 Massachusetts :44.00 45.70 24.70 24.40 14.30 13.70 8.00 8.30 5.10 5.20 Michigan .....:34.10 33.80 21.90 23.00 12.40 12.60 7.60 7.30 4.50 4.50 New Hampshire :45.70 38.70 25.30 23.30 13.00 13.20 7.10 8.20 3.80 4.60 New York .....:40.70 37.50 22.20 22.70 12.20 12.50 7.30 6.90 4.20 4.75 Ohio .........:34.30 36.00 21.20 22.70 11.30 13.10 7.55 7.90 4.05 5.00 Pennsylvania .:40.30 35.90 19.20 21.90 11.60 12.70 6.55 6.90 4.05 4.00 Vermont ......:37.00 39.40 23.10 23.90 12.80 13.70 7.60 8.10 4.60 5.00 Wisconsin ....:37.30 40.30 21.60 23.50 12.00 11.90 7.20 6.70 4.60 4.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States: 2010 and 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk all grades : Bulk all grades State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound dollars per gallon : Connecticut ..: (D) (D) (D) (D) Maine ........: 3.00 2.90 33.10 32.00 Massachusetts : 2.55 2.50 28.10 27.60 Michigan .....: 2.80 2.60 30.50 28.80 New Hampshire : 2.65 2.65 29.20 29.20 New York .....: 2.71 2.64 29.90 29.10 Ohio .........: 2.55 2.70 28.10 29.90 Pennsylvania .: 2.45 2.57 27.00 28.40 Vermont ......: 2.65 2.75 29.20 30.30 Wisconsin ....: 2.60 2.70 28.70 29.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type - States: 2010 and 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Retail : Wholesale : Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : Connecticut ..: 65 70 20 15 15 15 Maine ........: 1 4 1 4 98 92 Massachusetts : 55 55 35 30 10 15 Michigan .....: 49 45 24 15 27 40 New Hampshire : 45 50 40 10 15 40 New York .....: 28 29 15 11 57 60 Ohio .........: 55 42 20 17 25 41 Pennsylvania .: 69 43 9 27 22 30 Vermont ......: 15 15 5 5 80 80 Wisconsin ....: 39 30 13 13 48 57 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 2,559 3,333 2,239 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 91,921 95,864 83,981 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 5,928 Hay, all .......................: (NA) (NA) 55,633 57,348 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 19,213 All other ....................: (NA) 36,420 Oats ...........................: 2,496 2,863 939 Proso millet ...................: 370 338 Rice ...........................: 2,689 2,561 2,618 Rye ............................: 1,266 242 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 5,481 5,950 3,929 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 224 Wheat, all .....................: 54,409 55,908 45,705 Winter .......................: 40,646 41,709 32,314 35,580 Durum ........................: 1,369 2,223 1,312 Other spring .................: 12,394 11,976 12,079 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 1,071.5 1,557.2 1,043.0 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 178 289 173 Mustard seed ...................: 23.2 21.8 Peanuts ........................: 1,140.6 1,422.0 1,097.6 Rapeseed .......................: 1.5 1.3 Safflower ......................: 130.7 127.3 Soybeans for beans .............: 74,976 73,902 73,636 Sunflower ......................: 1,543.0 1,808.0 1,457.8 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all ....................: 14,735.4 13,155.0 9,460.9 Upland .......................: 14,428.0 12,885.0 9,156.0 American Pima ................: 307.4 270.0 304.9 Sugarbeets .....................: 1,232.7 1,241.3 1,213.1 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 872.6 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 325.0 318.0 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 18.0 21.0 12.3 Dry edible beans ...............: 1,205.9 1,669.9 1,155.9 Dry edible peas ................: 362.0 619.0 342.8 Lentils ........................: 428.0 518.0 411.0 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Coffee (Hawaii) ................: (NA) 6.3 Hops ...........................: (NA) 29.8 30.8 Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 74.0 Potatoes, all ..................: 1,098.9 1,076.7 Spring .......................: 93.3 97.7 91.5 96.1 Summer .......................: 48.2 46.0 Fall .........................: 957.4 939.2 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 17.3 Sweet potatoes .................: 133.6 133.4 129.7 Taro (Hawaii) 2/ ...............: (NA) 0.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production Crop :---------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 ------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 69.6 155,780 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 147.2 12,358,412 Corn for silage ....................tons: 18.4 108,926 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.36 131,144 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.40 65,332 All other ........................tons: 1.81 65,812 Oats ............................bushels: 57.1 53,649 Proso millet ....................bushels: 27.1 9,149 Rice 3/ .............................cwt: 7,067 185,009 Rye .............................bushels: 26.1 6,326 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 54.6 214,443 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 10.3 2,298 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 43.7 1,999,347 Winter ........................bushels: 46.2 47.3 1,493,677 1,683,667 Durum .........................bushels: 38.5 50,482 Other spring ..................bushels: 37.7 455,188 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,475 1,538,010 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 5,370.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 16.1 2,791 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 718 15,644 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,313 3,636,320 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 2,177 2,830 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,333 169,671 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 41.5 3,056,032 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,398 2,038,275 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 3/ ....................bales: 790 15,573.2 Upland 3/ .......................bales: 772 14,722.0 American Pima 3/ ................bales: 1,340 851.2 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 23.8 28,828 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 33.7 29,383 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 1,841 598,320 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 3/ .............cwt: 1,463 180 Dry edible beans 3/ .................cwt: 1,716 19,833 Dry edible peas 3/ ..................cwt: 1,641 5,625 Lentils 3/ ..........................cwt: 1,151 4,732 Wrinkled seed peas ..................cwt: (NA) 509 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Coffee (Hawaii) ..................pounds: 1,320 8,300 Hops .............................pounds: 2,175 64,781.6 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 89 6,570 Potatoes, all .......................cwt: 397 427,406 Spring ............................cwt: 279 289 25,573 27,740 Summer ............................cwt: 282 12,960 Fall ..............................cwt: 414 388,873 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 132 2,286 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 208 26,964 Taro (Hawaii) ....................pounds: (NA) 4,100 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. 3/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,035,600 1,348,830 906,100 Corn for grain 1/ ..............:37,199,510 38,795,200 33,986,270 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,399,000 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 22,514,120 23,208,160 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 7,775,310 All other ....................: (NA) 14,738,810 Oats ...........................: 1,010,110 1,158,630 380,000 Proso millet ...................: 149,740 136,790 Rice ...........................: 1,088,210 1,036,410 1,059,480 Rye ............................: 512,340 97,930 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,218,110 2,407,910 1,590,030 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 90,650 Wheat, all 2/ ..................:22,018,780 22,625,410 18,496,360 Winter .......................:16,449,030 16,879,220 13,077,150 14,398,870 Durum ........................: 554,020 899,630 530,950 Other spring .................: 5,015,730 4,846,570 4,888,250 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 433,630 630,180 422,090 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 72,030 116,960 70,010 Mustard seed ...................: 9,390 8,820 Peanuts ........................: 461,590 575,470 444,190 Rapeseed .......................: 610 530 Safflower ......................: 52,890 51,520 Soybeans for beans .............:30,342,040 29,907,400 29,799,750 Sunflower ......................: 624,440 731,680 589,960 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 5,963,270 5,323,700 3,828,730 Upland .......................: 5,838,870 5,214,430 3,705,340 American Pima ................: 124,400 109,270 123,390 Sugarbeets .....................: 498,860 502,340 490,930 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 353,130 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 131,540 128,670 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 7,280 8,500 4,980 Dry edible beans ...............: 488,020 675,790 467,780 Dry edible peas ................: 146,500 250,500 138,730 Lentils ........................: 173,210 209,630 166,330 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Coffee (Hawaii) ................: (NA) 2,550 Hops ...........................: (NA) 12,050 12,470 Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 29,950 Potatoes, all 2/ ...............: 444,710 435,730 Spring .......................: 37,760 39,540 37,030 38,890 Summer .......................: 19,510 18,620 Fall .........................: 387,450 380,080 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 7,000 Sweet potatoes .................: 54,070 53,990 52,490 Taro (Hawaii) 3/ ...............: (NA) 200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 3.74 3,391,710 Corn for grain .................: 9.24 313,918,120 Corn for silage ................: 41.19 98,816,000 Hay, all 2/ ....................: 5.28 118,971,840 Alfalfa ......................: 7.62 59,268,190 All other ....................: 4.05 59,703,640 Oats ...........................: 2.05 778,710 Proso millet ...................: 1.52 207,500 Rice ...........................: 7.92 8,391,870 Rye ............................: 1.64 160,690 Sorghum for grain ..............: 3.43 5,447,100 Sorghum for silage .............: 23.00 2,084,710 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 2.94 54,413,310 Winter .......................: 3.11 3.18 40,651,230 45,821,910 Durum ........................: 2.59 1,373,890 Other spring .................: 2.53 12,388,190 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 1.65 697,630 Cottonseed .....................: (X) 4,871,580 Flaxseed .......................: 1.01 70,890 Mustard seed ...................: 0.80 7,100 Peanuts ........................: 3.71 1,649,410 Rapeseed .......................: 2.44 1,280 Safflower ......................: 1.49 76,960 Soybeans for beans .............: 2.79 83,171,560 Sunflower ......................: 1.57 924,550 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 0.89 3,390,660 Upland .......................: 0.87 3,205,340 American Pima ................: 1.50 185,330 Sugarbeets .....................: 53.27 26,152,320 Sugarcane ......................: 75.48 26,655,810 Tobacco ........................: 2.06 271,390 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 1.64 8,160 Dry edible beans ...............: 1.92 899,610 Dry edible peas ................: 1.84 255,150 Lentils ........................: 1.29 214,640 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) 23,090 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Coffee (Hawaii) ................: 1.48 3,760 Hops ...........................: 2.44 29,380 Peppermint oil .................: 0.10 2,980 Potatoes, all 2/ ...............: 44.49 19,386,810 Spring .......................: 31.33 32.35 1,159,970 1,258,270 Summer .......................: 31.58 587,860 Fall .........................: 46.41 17,638,980 Spearmint oil ..................: 0.15 1,040 Sweet potatoes .................: 23.30 1,223,070 Taro (Hawaii) ..................: (NA) 1,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. 3/ Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2011-2012 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ............................tons: 1,264 1,147 Lemons ................................tons: 920 812 Oranges ...............................tons: 8,906 8,959 Tangelos (Florida) ....................tons: 52 52 Tangerines and mandarins ..............tons: 629 604 : Noncitrus : Apples ....................... 1,000 pounds: 9,429.9 Apricots ..............................tons: 66.7 Bananas (Hawaii) ....................pounds: Grapes ................................tons: 7,231.3 Olives (California) ...................tons: 71.2 Papayas (Hawaii) ....................pounds: Peaches ...............................tons: 1,062.5 Pears .................................tons: 940.7 Prunes, dried (California) ............tons: 130.0 Prunes and plums (excludes California) tons: 12.9 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .......pounds: 2,030,000 2,000,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 39 Pecans, in-shell ....................pounds: 271,400 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 461 Maple syrup ........................gallons: 2,794 1,908 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/Production years are 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2011 and 2012 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2012 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2011-2012 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :--------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 1,146,680 1,040,540 Lemons ....................................: 834,610 736,630 Oranges ...................................: 8,079,390 8,127,470 Tangelos (Florida) ........................: 47,170 47,170 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 570,620 547,940 : Noncitrus : Apples ....................................: 4,277,330 Apricots ..................................: 60,460 Bananas (Hawaii) ..........................: Grapes ....................................: 6,560,130 Olives (California) .......................: 64,590 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: Peaches ...................................: 963,920 Pears .....................................: 853,410 Prunes, dried (California) ................: 117,930 Prunes and plums (excludes California) ....: 11,700 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 920,790 907,180 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 35,380 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 123,100 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 418,210 Maple syrup ...............................: 13,970 9,540 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2012. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2008-2012 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2008 ..........: 9 59 86 2009 ..........: 5 57 91 2010 ..........: 8 58 87 2011 ..........: 24 60 86 2012 ..........: 57 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. May Weather Summary Warmer- and drier-than-normal weather in May reduced topsoil moisture from the central and southern Plains into the Mid-South and lower Midwest. In those areas, the warm, dry conditions hastened winter wheat maturation at the expense of some production potential, but promoted an early start to the harvest season. In addition, diminishing moisture reserves led to an increase in stress on pastures and rain-fed summer crops. In contrast, beneficial showers eased or eradicated dry conditions across portions of the northern Plains, upper Midwest, and Atlantic Coast States, stabilizing crop and pasture conditions. Some of the heaviest rain fell late in the month, when a series of cold fronts traversed the Nation's Northern Tier and Tropical Storm Beryl soaked the southern Atlantic region. Another area that received much-needed rainfall during May was the Rio Grande Valley and neighboring areas in parts of New Mexico and southern and western Texas. Meanwhile, a period of warm, dry weather in California and the Northwest allowed for accelerated planting and crop development, following a slow start to the growing season. Cool, showery conditions returned, however, late in the month. Elsewhere, hot, dry weather in the Southwest maintained severe stress on rangeland and pastures, triggered an early end to the snow-melt season, and fostered the spread of wildfires. In fact, near- to above-normal temperatures covered the Nation, except for some slightly cooler-than-normal conditions from the Pacific Northwest to the northern High Plains. Monthly temperatures averaged at least 5 degrees Fahrenheit above normal at several Southwestern locations and in a broad swath stretching from the central and southern Plains into the Midwestern and northern Mid-Atlantic States. May Agricultural Summary Temperatures during May were warmer than normal across much of the United States, promoting rapid fieldwork and crop development. Most notably, monthly averages were more than 6 degrees above normal in a band stretching from the central Great Plains to the Northeast. Record breaking temperatures quickly matured the developing winter wheat crop, leading to a record-setting harvest pace in some locations. With the exception of portions of the Northern Tier, Texas, and most of the Atlantic Coast States where rainfall totaled 200 percent or more above average, precipitation was scarce in throughout much of the country. In portions of the Southwest, Great Plains, and Delta, rainfall totaled less than 5 percent of normal as soil moisture conditions continued to deteriorate. Despite early-month rainfall, corn planting advanced at a double-digit pace throughout much the Corn Belt. By May 6, producers had planted 71 percent of the Nation's crop, 39 percentage points ahead of last year and 24 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. With above average temperatures providing favorable growing conditions, nearly one-third of the corn crop had emerged by May 6. Fieldwork was rapid mid-month in many States, and by May 20, planting was 96 percent complete Nationwide, the quickest pace on record. Boosted by warm temperatures and mostly adequate soil moisture levels throughout the Midwest, crop development continued at a rapid pace during the latter half of the month. By June 3, emergence had advanced to 97 percent complete, 22 percentage points ahead of last year and 14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 72 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3, compared with 77 percent on May 20 and 67 percent from the same time last year. As May began, recently planted sorghum fields in northern Texas were reported as growing well, but in need of additional moisture to sustain crop development as some fields showed signs of drought stress. By May 6, producers Nationwide had planted 29 percent of this year's crop, 4 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. As planting in the lower Delta and Texas was nearing completion by May 13, producers in Kansas, the largest sorghum-producing State, had planted 10 percent of their crop with fieldwork progressing at a steady pace. Mostly sunny skies provided ample time for fieldwork during the second half of May, with double-digit progress evident in over half of the major estimating States during both the week ending May 20 and May 27. In Texas, head development was 58 percent complete by June 3, with 20 percent of the crop reported as coloring. Sweltering temperatures, little to no rainfall, and windy conditions in Kansas caused a decline in crop condition ratings toward month's end. Nationally, 74 percent of the sorghum crop was planted by June 3, twenty-one percentage points ahead of last year and 20 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, half of this year's crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3. Due to the accelerated planting and crop development pace this year, comparable data from last year was not available. Sunny weather and mostly adequate soil moisture reserves provided nearly ideal growing conditions throughout much of the major oat-producing regions. Emergence was advancing at a rapid pace and neared completion by May 6. Heading was underway but limited to Iowa, Ohio, and Texas by May 13. In Texas, producers were baling or green chopping their crop to help boost forage supplies depleted by ongoing dry conditions and limited pasture grass availability. Emergence was 96 percent complete by May 20, seventeen percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Above average temperatures promoted rapid crop development throughout the month. Over half of the Nation's oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 3, with harvest for grain 25 percentage points ahead of normal in Texas as the crop dried down quickly under hot daytime temperatures. Overall, 72 percent of the oat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3, compared with 75 percent on May 6 and 58 percent from the same time last year. Double-digit seeding was evident in the five major barley-producing States as May began. While seeding was most rapid in Washington, overall progress was behind normal due to previously wet fields. Favorable growing conditions pushed emergence well ahead of both last year and normal. By May 13, seeding was 93 percent complete, 25 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with 56 percent of the barley crop emerged, 21 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. With the exception of Washington where below average temperatures limited seed germination late in the month, warm temperatures dominated much of the Northern Tier throughout May. By June 3, emergence was 96 percent complete, 41 percentage points ahead of last year and 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with heading underway and ahead of normal in portions of the Northern Tier. Overall, 69 percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3. With the accelerated pace of crop development this year, comparable data from last year was not available. By May 6, sixty-three percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 29 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Kansas, the largest producing State, heading was nearing completion as above average temperatures had crop development 72 percentage points, or approximately 3 weeks, ahead of normal; however, soil moisture was scarce in the major wheat growing areas of the State. Harvest was underway in Texas and was expected to gain speed in the coming weeks. Favorable growing conditions pushed heading in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Ohio 40 percentage points or more ahead or normal by May 13. While heading was complete or nearly complete in most southern locations by May 27, rapid crop development was evident across much of the Northern Tier and into the Great Lakes region. With hot, dry weather quickly maturing the winter wheat crop, harvest was underway across much of the South earlier than normal. In Kansas, some southern wheat fields were being harvested by May 27, marking the earliest start since 1952. Nationally, 88 percent of the 2012 winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 3, eight percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty percent of the crop was harvested, 17 percentage points ahead of normal. In Arkansas, harvest neared completion nearly one month ahead of normal as hot temperatures throughout the growing season quickly matured the crop. During the latter half of May, unusually dry conditions and record breaking temperatures in the Great Plains negatively impacted the developing crop. Overall, 52 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3, compared with 63 percent on May 6 and 34 percent from the same time last year. Spring wheat producers had sown 84 percent of this year's crop by May 6, sixty-five percentage points ahead of last year and 35 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seeding in Minnesota and North Dakota, two of the top three producing States, was 45 percentage points or more ahead of normal as mild winter temperatures and favorable conditions provided ample time for spring fieldwork. Warm temperatures and beneficial soil moisture levels in most areas promoted rapid crop development throughout the month. By May 20, seeding was 99 percent complete, 49 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Emergence had advanced to 86 percent complete, 36 percentage points ahead of normal. In North Dakota, above average temperatures aided crop development mid-month; however, hot, windy weather depleted soil moisture levels in some locations. Nationally, 3 percent of the spring wheat crop was headed by June 3. Despite cooler than normal temperatures at month's end and into June, heading in South Dakota was 20 percentage points ahead of the average pace. Overall, 78 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3, compared with 74 percent on May 20. With the accelerated pace of crop development this year, comparable data from last year was not available. With rice seeding nearing completion in the Delta and Texas, overall progress slowed as May began. In Arkansas, the largest producing State, both seeding and emergence were nearly one month ahead of the normal pace. Beneficial weather in California allowed seeding to gain speed during the first half of May as adverse conditions earlier this spring had delayed progress to nearly 3 weeks behind normal. Nationally, 91 percent of the rice crop was seeded by May 20, eleven percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Despite cooler than normal temperatures in California, 45 percent of the State's rice crop emerged during the week ending May 27, pushing progress ahead of normal for the first time this season. By June 3, ninety-four percent of the United States crop had emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Heading was underway in the lower Delta and Texas, but had yet to begin in Arkansas. Overall, 65 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3, compared with 66 percent on May 6 and 59 percent from the same time last year. Nearly one-quarter of the Nation's soybean crop was planted by May 6, with progress ahead of normal in all major estimating States except Iowa and Wisconsin. In Iowa, persistent rainfall had limited fieldwork. As the month began, emergence was most advanced in the Delta. Nearly ideal weather conditions supported double-digit planting progress in most States mid-month. By May 20, planting was 76 percent complete, the quickest pace on record. Thirty-five percent of the soybean crop had emerged, 22 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. As sunny skies and warm temperatures continued toward month's end, fieldwork and crop development in the soybean producing regions of the country continued at a torrid pace. By June 3, producers had planted 94 percent of this year's crop, with progress 20 percentage points or more ahead of normal in 11 of the 18 major estimating States. Emergence had advanced to 79 percent complete. Overall, 65 percent of the soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition. With the accelerated pace of crop development this year, comparable data from last year was not available. With planting just beginning in Virginia, 30 percent of the 2012 peanut crop was in the ground by May 6, fourteen percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Despite unusually dry fields, producers in Georgia were planting their crop at a rapid pace with hopes of receiving a soaking rain soon. Above average mid-month rainfall in parts of the South improved soil moisture conditions, aiding not only fieldwork but crop growth as well. Toward month's end, producers in Georgia reported poor seed germination despite better planting conditions when compared with last year. Tropical Storm Beryl dumped heavy rainfall on portions of the Southeast and Atlantic Coast States; however, peanut planting continued at a steady pace. By June 3, producers had planted 93 percent of this year's crop, 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition. With the accelerated pace of planting and crop development this year, comparable data from last year was not available. Sunflower producers in limited locations were busy planting this year's crop as the month began, and by May 13, eight percent of the crop was in the ground, 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was most advanced in North Dakota, where weather conditions favored fieldwork but left portions of the State in need of moisture. Warm, sunny days provided ample time for planting throughout much of the month in the four major producing States. By June 3, producers had planted 60 percent of the 2012 sunflower crop, 36 percentage points ahead of last year and 19 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with progress 22 percentage points or more ahead of normal in Kansas and the Dakotas. As the month began, cotton producers were planting this year's crop at the quickest pace since 2006, with double-digit progress evident throughout much of the Cotton Belt during the week ending May 6. In Texas, progress was limited as producers in the High Plains continued to water their fields ahead of planting. Squaring was evident in a few isolated locations in the South by mid-month, as warm temperatures promoted rapid crop development. Producers with irrigation capabilities in parts of the Southeast were watering their fields to sustain crop growth as below average precipitation compounded the effects of drought conditions in the region. The brisk planting pace continued under mostly sunny skies throughout the month. By June 3, eighty-seven percent of the Nation's cotton crop was planted, 4 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Squaring had advanced to 11 percent complete, 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 54 percent of the cotton crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 3. With the accelerated pace of planting and crop development this year, comparable data from last year was not available. In Texas, late-month storms brought strong winds and blowing dust to the Panhandle, damaging a portion of the recently emerged crop. By May 6, sugarbeet producers had planted 98 percent of this year's crop, 70 percentage points ahead of last year and 33 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Crop Comments Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.68 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the May 1 forecast but up 13 percent from 2011. Based on June 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 47.3 bushels per acre, down 0.3 bushel from the previous forecast but up 1.1 bushels from last year. Expected grain area totals 35.6 million acres, unchanged from last month. As of June 3, fifty-two percent of the winter wheat crop in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 18 points above the same week in 2011. By June 3, eighty-eight percent of the crop had headed, 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average and harvest was 20 percent complete, 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are above last year's levels in all States except Colorado and Montana. Continued dry conditions in Colorado and Nebraska resulted in lower forecasted yields. By June 3, harvest progress in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas was significantly ahead of the 5-year average. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are above last year's levels in Missouri and Ohio but below in Illinois. Improved growing conditions in Missouri raised yield expectations from last month. As of June 3, crop development was running ahead of normal and harvest had begun in Illinois and Missouri. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year. As of June 3, the percent of the crop rated in good to excellent condition was 77 points or higher in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 25.2 million bushels, down 4 percent from May but up 23 percent from last year. With continued above normal temperatures in Southern California, crop harvest is well underway. If realized, California's yield of 110.0 bushels per acre will tie a record high. Florida citrus: In the citrus growing areas, weather stations reported high temperatures in the low to mid 90s. Rainfall was moderate across the citrus growing region, with a generous amount of rain occurring in the third week of the month. Drought conditions further eased due to significant rainfall. Harvest of Valencia oranges was nearly complete, while the grapefruit and tangerine harvests finished. The primary grove activities were harvest of late oranges and young tree care. All but a few small packinghouses and processors have closed for this harvest season. California citrus: Citrus bloom finished in May. Nets were removed from seedless tangerine groves. Navel orange harvest was nearly complete. Harvest of Valencia oranges, tangelos, tangerines, and lemons continued. California noncitrus fruits and nuts: During May, plum, prune, peach, apricot, and nectarine fruit continued to develop. Prune and peach trees in the Sacramento Valley were thinned due to heavy sets. Harvest continued for early peach, nectarine, and apricot varieties in the San Joaquin Valley. Harvest of cherries began near the end of May. Growers sprayed for Oriental Fruit Fly earlier in the month. Fruit continued to develop on grape vines. Grapes in the San Joaquin Valley were sprayed for powdery mildew. Protective measures were implemented against the European Grapevine Moth in high risk vineyards during bloom. Kiwi vineyards were in bloom and bees were brought in for pollination. Pomegranates and persimmons continued to leaf-out as pomegranate bloom began. Apple and pear bloom finished and fruit continued to develop. Picking and packing of blueberries continued in the San Joaquin Valley. Blackberry harvest started. Olives and avocados bloomed. Almond nuts were hardening as heavy sets were reported across the State. Fungicides were applied to some walnut and pistachio orchards as nuts continued to develop. Grapefruit: The 2011-2012 United States grapefruit crop is forecast at 1.15 million tons, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 9 percent from last season's final utilization. The route survey conducted May 30-31 in Florida showed 98 percent of the white grapefruit rows and 95 percent of the colored grapefruit rows were harvested. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts were carried forward from April. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 604,000 tons, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 4 percent from the 2010-2011 crop. Harvest of tangerines in Florida is complete. Arizona and California forecasts were carried forward from April. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo forecast is 1.15 million boxes (52,000 tons), unchanged from both the previous forecast and last season's final utilization. Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2012 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 30,808 acres, 3 percent more than the 2011 crop of 29,787 acres. Spring weather has been favorable in the Pacific Northwest growing areas. Irrigation water supplies have been reported as normal. Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2011 crop year is revised to 28.8 million tons, up slightly from the January end of season estimate, but 10 percent below 2010. Planted area totaled 1.23 million acres, down fractionally from the previous estimate. Harvested area totaled 1.21 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate. The United States yield, at 23.8 tons per acre, is up 0.1 ton from the previous estimate but down 3.9 tons per acre from the record high set in 2010. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2011 is revised to 29.4 million tons, up slightly from the March estimate and up 7 percent from 2010. Area harvested for sugar and seed production totaled 872,600 acres for the 2011 crop year, down 1,400 acres from March and down 4,900 acres from the previous year. Yield for sugar and seed is estimated at 33.7 tons per acre, up 0.2 ton from the previous estimate and up 2.5 tons from 2010. Sweet potatoes: Production of sweet potatoes in 2011 totaled 27.0 million cwt, down slightly from the Crop Production 2011 Summary released in January 2012 but up 13 percent from the previous year. Growers harvested 129,700 acres, up 11 percent from 2010. Yield per acre, at a record high 208 cwt, is unchanged from January but up 4 cwt from the previous year. Maple syrup: The 2012 United States maple syrup production totaled 1.91 million gallons, down 32 percent from 2011. The number of taps is estimated at 9.77 million, 2 percent above the 2011 total of 9.58 million. Yield per tap is estimated to be 0.195 gallon, down 33 percent from the previous season's yield. All States, with the exception of Maine, showed a decrease in production from the previous year. Most growers in all States reported that temperatures were too warm for optimal sap flow. The season started sooner than last year in all States, with the earliest sap flow reported on January 5 in Connecticut. The latest sap flow reported to open the season was February 4 in Maine. On average, the season lasted 24 days, compared with 32 days in 2011. The 2011 United States average price per gallon was $37.90, up $0.40 from the 2010 price of $37.50. Value of production, at $106 million for 2011, was up 44 percent from the previous season. The value of production was up in all States. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 6 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 60 percent of the 2011 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,300 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which accounts for 73 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which are combined with the previous components and are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from April. Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of- season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.2 percent. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 70 million bushels, ranging from 3 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.6 percent. However, if you exclude the three abnormal production seasons (one freeze season and two hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.6 percent, or 1.7 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.7 percent, or 2.9 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 131,000 tons (147,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons regardless of exclusions. The June 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times (below 5 times and above 12 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the June 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch............................................. (202) 720-2127 Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section.................................. (202) 720-2127 Suzanne Avilla - Peanuts, Rice.......................................... (202) 720-7688 Bryan Durham - Oats, Rye, Wheat......................................... (202) 720-8068 Steve Maliszewski - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.................... (202) 720-5944 Anthony Prillaman - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet........................ (202) 720-9526 Julie Schmidt - Crop Weather, Barley, Hay............................... (202) 720-7621 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds.................... (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section...... (202) 720-2127 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.. (202) 720-2157 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ....... (202) 720-4288 Chris Hawthorn - Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits... (202) 720-5412 Dave Losh - Hops........................................................ (360) 709-2400 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .......... (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ....... (202) 720-4285 Erika White - Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ............ (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the "Follow NASS" box under "Receive reports by Email," click on "National" or "State" to select the reports you would like to receive. Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free (800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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