United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Economic Research Service Sp Sy 5 (01) Farm Production Expenditures 2000 Summary July 2001 Production Expenditures Up 2.4 Percent in 2000 U.S. farm production expenditures totaled $188.5 billion in 2000, up 2.4 percent from the revised 1999 total of $184.1 billion. The largest contributors to the increase were; fuels, up 32.0 percent; farm improvements and construction, up 18.0 percent; livestock and poultry purchases, up 7.1 percent; and other farm machinery up 2.9 percent. These increases were partially offset by decreases in; farm supplies and repairs, down 1.6 percent; farm services, down 1.2 percent; and ag chemicals down 1.2 percent. The largest two expenditure categories were farm services which accounted for 13.5 percent of the U.S. total production expenses, and feed which accounted for 13.0 percent of the U.S. total production expenses. The farm services category includes expense items such as custom work, utilities, marketing charges, veterinary services, transportation costs, and miscellaneous business expenses. The average expenditures per U.S. farm in 2000 were $87,035 compared to $84,195 as revised for 1999. On the average, U.S. farm operations in 2000 spent $11,728 on farm services; $11,312 on feed; $9,142 on labor; $8,311 on livestock and poultry purchases; and $7,434 on rent. Revised estimates for 1999 indicated that U.S. farms spent an average of $11,757 on farm services; $11,208 on feed; $9,012 on labor; $7,685 on livestock and poultry purchases; and $7,274 on rent. The Farm Production Region (as defined on page 24) contributing most to the total 2000 U.S. farm production expenditures was the Corn Belt with expenses of $35.3 billion, 18.7 percent of the U.S. total. Expenditures in the Corn Belt were up 3.0 percent from the 1999 level of $34.3 billion. In total expenditures, the Corn Belt was followed by the Pacific Region at $31.2 billion ( 1999 - $30.9 billion); Northern Plains $24.2 billion ( 1999 - $23.2 billion; Lake States $19.4 billion ( 1999 - $18.3 billion ); and the Southern Plains at $16.0 billion ( 1999 - $15.9 billion). Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Total and Percent of Total, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Expenditure - Farm Share : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Million Dollars Percent Million Dollars Percent : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 184,050 100.0 188,500 100.0 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 16,800 9.1 18,000 9.5 : Feed : 24,500 13.3 24,500 13.0 : Farm Services 5/ : 25,700 14.0 25,400 13.5 : Rent 6/ : 15,900 8.6 16,100 8.5 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 8,600 4.7 8,500 4.5 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 9,900 5.4 10,000 5.3 : Interest : 10,700 5.8 10,900 5.8 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 6,800 3.7 6,900 3.7 : Labor : 19,700 10.7 19,800 10.5 : Fuels : 5,300 2.9 7,000 3.7 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 12,600 6.8 12,400 6.6 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 7,100 3.9 8,400 4.5 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 5,400 2.9 5,400 2.9 : Other Farm Machinery : 3,500 1.9 3,600 1.9 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 7,200 3.9 7,300 3.9 : Trucks & Autos : 3,900 2.1 4,000 2.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 84,195 87,035 184,050 188,500 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 30.8 32.4 7,685 8,311 16,800 18,000 : Feed : 63.0 64.8 11,208 11,312 24,500 24,500 : Farm Services 5/ : 97.2 97.2 11,757 11,728 25,700 25,400 : Rent 6/ : 35.5 35.2 7,274 7,434 15,900 16,100 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 54.2 53.3 3,934 3,925 8,600 8,500 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 65.0 63.9 4,529 4,617 9,900 10,000 : Interest : 46.2 45.8 4,895 5,033 10,700 10,900 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.1 99.0 3,111 3,186 6,800 6,900 : Labor : 37.3 39.3 9,012 9,142 19,700 19,800 : Fuels : 85.1 86.3 2,425 3,232 5,300 7,000 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 88.6 87.4 5,764 5,725 12,600 12,400 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 50.6 51.0 3,248 3,878 7,100 8,400 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 13.8 14.1 2,470 2,493 5,400 5,400 : Other Farm Machinery : 22.9 25.0 1,601 1,662 3,500 3,600 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 51.2 51.7 3,294 3,371 7,200 7,300 : Trucks & Autos : 16.7 17.6 1,784 1,847 3,900 4,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Crop Farms, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 100,031 107,192 96,210 98,670 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 14.2 14.6 1,768 2,086 1,700 1,920 : Feed : 27.5 27.7 1,560 1,521 1,500 1,400 : Farm Services 5/ : 95.3 95.1 14,972 15,991 14,400 14,720 : Rent 6/ : 41.0 39.3 12,986 13,732 12,490 12,640 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 68.7 69.3 7,819 8,093 7,520 7,450 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 74.8 71.9 7,839 8,278 7,540 7,620 : Interest : 49.6 47.6 5,854 6,496 5,630 5,980 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.8 99.3 4,107 4,400 3,950 4,050 : Labor : 42.1 43.4 14,556 15,100 14,000 13,900 : Fuels : 84.8 85.7 3,493 4,845 3,360 4,460 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 86.6 83.8 7,912 7,930 7,610 7,300 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 44.9 42.7 3,265 4,139 3,140 3,810 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 13.7 15.3 3,337 3,498 3,210 3,220 : Other Farm Machinery : 22.8 24.6 1,944 2,042 1,870 1,880 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 67.5 68.7 6,373 6,757 6,130 6,220 : Trucks & Autos : 17.2 18.1 1,871 2,075 1,800 1,910 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Livestock Farms, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 71,753 72,135 87,840 89,830 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 42.6 44.6 12,335 12,913 15,100 16,080 : Feed : 88.4 90.3 18,788 18,550 23,000 23,100 : Farm Services 5/ : 98.5 98.7 9,231 8,576 11,300 10,680 : Rent 6/ : 31.6 32.3 2,785 2,778 3,410 3,460 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 43.9 42.3 882 843 1,080 1,050 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 58.0 58.5 1,928 1,911 2,360 2,380 : Interest : 43.7 44.6 4,141 3,951 5,070 4,920 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.3 98.8 2,328 2,289 2,850 2,850 : Labor : 33.8 36.5 4,656 4,738 5,700 5,900 : Fuels : 85.3 86.7 1,585 2,040 1,940 2,540 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 90.1 89.9 4,076 4,095 4,990 5,100 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 54.6 56.7 3,235 3,686 3,960 4,590 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 13.9 13.3 1,789 1,751 2,190 2,180 : Other Farm Machinery : 22.9 25.2 1,331 1,381 1,630 1,720 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 39.5 40.1 874 867 1,070 1,080 : Trucks & Autos : 16.4 17.2 1,715 1,678 2,100 2,090 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Economic Class Gross Sales $250,000 and Over, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 722,491 735,495 105,845 107,750 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 51.4 51.1 84,300 90,444 12,350 13,250 : Feed : 61.1 59.3 120,819 121,570 17,700 17,810 : Farm Services 5/ : 100.0 100.0 95,222 94,403 13,950 13,830 : Rent 6/ : 76.0 76.9 60,887 61,775 8,920 9,050 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 86.4 88.1 34,608 34,198 5,070 5,010 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 84.0 85.6 33,379 34,266 4,890 5,020 : Interest : 87.6 85.2 32,423 33,379 4,750 4,890 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.8 99.0 15,017 15,290 2,200 2,240 : Labor : 86.2 85.0 100,614 99,113 14,740 14,520 : Fuels : 98.9 98.3 16,587 22,184 2,430 3,250 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 99.3 99.0 42,184 41,229 6,180 6,040 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 74.4 73.5 22,867 25,461 3,350 3,730 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 34.4 32.3 16,314 15,495 2,390 2,270 : Other Farm Machinery : 44.3 47.7 9,556 9,898 1,400 1,450 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 81.2 83.5 28,191 28,123 4,130 4,120 : Trucks & Autos : 33.5 36.8 7,713 7,713 1,130 1,130 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Economic Class Gross Sales $100,000 - $249,999, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 170,065 174,702 34,200 35,150 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 41.9 38.5 10,443 10,537 2,100 2,120 : Feed : 60.5 59.4 16,211 14,811 3,260 2,980 : Farm Services 5/ : 100.0 99.9 23,371 23,260 4,700 4,680 : Rent 6/ : 76.5 76.9 21,382 21,869 4,300 4,400 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 87.9 88.9 9,995 9,841 2,010 1,980 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 89.1 87.4 12,133 12,227 2,440 2,460 : Interest : 80.2 84.3 11,188 11,730 2,250 2,360 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.9 99.0 7,285 7,455 1,465 1,500 : Labor : 68.7 68.7 12,357 13,072 2,485 2,630 : Fuels : 96.4 98.7 6,116 8,201 1,230 1,650 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 98.7 98.9 12,929 12,922 2,600 2,600 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 64.0 65.2 4,973 6,213 1,000 1,250 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 23.1 25.3 5,520 5,865 1,110 1,180 : Other Farm Machinery : 44.5 41.3 4,028 4,125 810 830 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 86.3 85.8 8,155 8,499 1,640 1,710 : Trucks & Autos : 29.2 26.4 3,531 3,678 710 740 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Economic Class Gross Sales $40,000 - $99,999, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 75,115 78,925 17,900 18,350 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 36.2 40.1 4,154 4,387 990 1,020 : Feed : 60.0 62.4 5,602 5,892 1,335 1,370 : Farm Services 5/ : 99.6 100.0 11,750 11,871 2,800 2,760 : Rent 6/ : 65.2 68.9 6,966 7,269 1,660 1,690 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 80.9 80.8 3,714 3,828 885 890 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 87.1 81.8 5,455 5,376 1,300 1,250 : Interest : 64.7 70.6 5,623 6,022 1,340 1,400 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.4 98.9 4,091 4,215 975 980 : Labor : 54.1 55.7 4,868 5,161 1,160 1,200 : Fuels : 96.7 96.8 2,854 3,656 680 850 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 97.7 98.9 6,672 6,409 1,590 1,490 : Farm Improvements : & Contruction 9/ : 59.7 58.1 2,916 3,871 695 900 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 15.5 21.4 2,812 3,140 670 730 : Other Farm Machinery : 30.1 39.0 1,972 1,978 470 460 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 79.7 80.1 3,315 3,441 790 800 : Trucks & Autos : 21.1 20.7 2,182 2,258 520 525 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Economic Class Gross Sales $10,000 - $39,999, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 32,094 34,015 13,120 14,140 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 31.4 34.9 1,884 2,357 770 980 : Feed : 58.7 65.0 2,348 2,478 960 1,030 : Farm Services 5/ : 99.3 99.4 5,186 5,004 2,120 2,080 : Rent 6/ : 42.9 38.0 1,835 1,684 750 700 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 63.8 63.0 1,174 1,095 480 455 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 73.8 72.3 1,994 1,936 815 805 : Interest : 45.8 46.1 2,458 2,357 1,005 980 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.8 98.4 2,226 2,165 910 900 : Labor : 41.5 41.1 1,822 2,249 745 935 : Fuels : 91.5 91.8 1,296 1,636 530 680 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 94.1 94.7 2,911 2,983 1,190 1,240 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 51.1 55.2 1,896 2,646 775 1,100 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 13.3 12.9 1,529 1,564 625 650 : Other Farm Machinery : 22.6 24.8 930 1,022 380 425 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 63.2 60.9 1,089 1,131 445 470 : Trucks & Autos : 16.2 19.2 1,443 1,648 590 685 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Economic Class Gross Sales Less Than $10,000, United States, 1999-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 10,900 11,206 12,985 13,110 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 25.0 26.6 495 539 590 630 : Feed : 65.7 66.8 1,045 1,120 1,245 1,310 : Farm Services 5/ : 95.1 95.1 1,788 1,752 2,130 2,050 : Rent 6/ : 15.2 15.1 227 222 270 260 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 36.0 34.0 130 141 155 165 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 51.2 50.7 382 397 455 465 : Interest : 31.8 29.3 1,137 1,086 1,355 1,270 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.6 99.2 1,049 1,094 1,250 1,280 : Labor : 21.2 24.7 478 440 570 515 : Fuels : 76.9 78.6 361 487 430 570 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 82.0 79.1 873 880 1,040 1,030 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 43.4 42.8 1,074 1,214 1,280 1,420 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 9.6 8.9 508 487 605 570 : Other Farm Machinery : 15.2 16.6 369 372 440 435 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 31.8 33.1 164 171 195 200 : Trucks & Autos : 11.8 12.5 797 786 950 920 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Northeast Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 77,615 79,664 11,650 11,870 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 27.5 30.0 4,131 4,430 620 660 : Feed : 54.2 63.2 14,990 14,430 2,250 2,150 : Farm Services 5/ : 96.1 98.7 11,792 11,007 1,770 1,640 : Rent 6/ : 31.6 25.6 1,732 1,812 260 270 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 53.5 45.8 1,932 2,013 290 300 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 73.1 60.2 2,632 2,718 395 405 : Interest : 40.4 44.5 3,764 4,161 565 620 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 98.0 99.9 4,064 3,960 610 590 : Labor : 37.0 36.7 10,326 10,872 1,550 1,620 : Fuels : 91.0 90.1 2,099 2,819 315 420 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 94.1 93.7 6,729 6,846 1,010 1,020 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 57.3 65.3 4,464 5,638 670 840 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 15.0 14.2 2,032 1,711 305 255 : Other Farm Machinery : 28.5 25.3 2,132 2,013 320 300 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 54.0 51.4 2,898 3,356 435 500 : Trucks & Autos : 15.6 16.3 1,666 1,711 250 255 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Lake States Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 86,754 93,269 18,305 19,400 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 29.6 34.6 5,118 6,058 1,080 1,260 : Feed : 56.6 62.0 10,379 10,721 2,190 2,230 : Farm Services 5/ : 96.3 94.4 11,090 11,587 2,340 2,410 : Rent 6/ : 38.4 38.9 6,398 7,067 1,350 1,470 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 62.3 57.0 4,289 4,495 905 935 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 62.5 67.8 4,502 4,760 950 990 : Interest : 59.4 60.9 6,303 6,442 1,330 1,340 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.6 99.6 4,408 4,615 930 960 : Labor : 35.1 39.4 7,299 8,125 1,540 1,690 : Fuels : 85.2 87.8 2,512 3,365 530 700 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 89.7 90.6 7,393 7,740 1,560 1,610 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 53.6 47.3 4,408 5,144 930 1,070 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 19.6 19.7 3,318 3,438 700 715 : Other Farm Machinery : 39.3 40.5 2,796 2,740 590 570 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 66.4 68.3 4,716 5,000 995 1,040 : Trucks & Autos : 16.7 18.4 1,588 1,779 335 370 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Corn Belt Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 79,814 82,958 34,320 35,340 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 32.5 33.1 5,895 6,808 2,535 2,900 : Feed : 58.9 57.7 8,605 8,803 3,700 3,750 : Farm Services 5/ : 97.8 98.0 7,860 8,052 3,380 3,430 : Rent 6/ : 41.0 41.9 13,581 13,920 5,840 5,930 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 62.2 61.1 5,209 5,282 2,240 2,250 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 68.5 68.8 6,442 6,549 2,770 2,790 : Interest : 54.3 58.2 5,093 5,117 2,190 2,180 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 99.3 99.7 3,628 3,779 1,560 1,610 : Labor : 31.4 32.8 3,372 3,122 1,450 1,330 : Fuels : 83.8 85.9 2,140 2,864 920 1,220 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 89.2 88.2 4,744 4,671 2,040 1,990 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 50.5 50.0 2,698 3,263 1,160 1,390 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 15.2 14.0 2,791 2,676 1,200 1,140 : Other Farm Machinery : 25.9 29.1 1,663 1,690 715 720 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 63.9 63.7 4,581 4,695 1,970 2,000 : Trucks & Autos : 15.1 14.5 1,372 1,573 590 670 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Northern Plains Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 126,803 134,015 23,205 24,230 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 38.2 30.4 25,082 24,889 4,590 4,500 : Feed : 63.6 58.9 12,077 11,394 2,210 2,060 : Farm Services 5/ : 98.1 96.7 14,481 14,823 2,650 2,680 : Rent 6/ : 59.4 62.0 15,519 16,593 2,840 3,000 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 64.6 68.4 5,738 6,084 1,050 1,100 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 65.9 64.5 7,049 7,854 1,290 1,420 : Interest : 64.6 64.3 8,197 8,186 1,500 1,480 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.7 99.3 5,328 5,531 975 1,000 : Labor : 39.9 41.0 4,727 5,144 865 930 : Fuels : 88.1 88.5 4,098 5,973 750 1,080 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 94.0 83.9 8,361 8,628 1,530 1,560 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 47.7 49.3 2,650 3,706 485 670 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 17.9 17.5 3,579 4,010 655 725 : Other Farm Machinery : 27.3 32.1 2,486 3,097 455 560 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 62.4 67.8 4,754 5,365 870 970 : Trucks & Autos : 25.1 26.0 2,514 2,600 460 470 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Appalachian Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 45,784 45,351 14,170 13,900 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 26.5 31.1 5,008 5,155 1,550 1,580 : Feed : 69.8 67.7 9,790 9,625 3,030 2,950 : Farm Services 5/ : 98.0 95.8 5,557 5,318 1,720 1,630 : Rent 6/ : 26.2 24.1 2,585 2,382 800 730 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 56.5 54.3 1,648 1,501 510 460 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 72.8 75.4 2,520 2,431 780 745 : Interest : 31.7 35.7 2,084 1,990 645 610 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.8 100.0 1,147 1,207 355 370 : Labor : 39.5 44.2 3,942 3,785 1,220 1,160 : Fuels : 90.4 90.7 1,389 1,762 430 540 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 90.6 89.9 2,746 2,708 850 830 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 46.8 50.5 1,809 1,892 560 580 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 9.7 12.9 1,729 1,811 535 555 : Other Farm Machinery : 18.1 22.3 1,066 1,044 330 320 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 53.0 55.5 1,292 1,240 400 380 : Trucks & Autos : 13.7 17.0 1,357 1,436 420 440 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Average per Farm, Farms Reporting, and Total, Southeast Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 71,607 71,879 12,030 11,860 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 29.4 23.5 4,107 4,242 690 700 : Feed : 66.2 71.9 13,750 13,636 2,310 2,250 : Farm Services 5/ : 98.5 99.0 10,952 10,061 1,840 1,660 : Rent 6/ : 19.8 21.3 1,845 1,939 310 320 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 53.2 50.3 4,048 3,788 680 625 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 75.8 67.8 4,048 3,879 680 640 : Interest : 37.3 33.0 3,542 3,394 595 560 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.8 99.2 1,905 1,879 320 310 : Labor : 33.3 41.3 10,119 11,333 1,700 1,870 : Fuels : 89.4 87.1 2,024 2,606 340 430 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 89.6 89.3 4,315 4,485 725 740 : Farm Improvements : & construction 9/ : 48.8 46.5 3,065 3,030 515 500 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 12.2 11.2 2,113 2,000 355 330 : Other Farm Machinery : 15.1 17.9 952 1,030 160 170 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 42.5 36.3 2,798 2,606 470 430 : Trucks & Autos : 14.2 18.4 1,786 1,788 300 295 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Delta Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 75,720 75,934 9,200 9,150 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 35.5 31.3 6,255 6,058 760 730 : Feed : 74.4 74.0 14,156 13,610 1,720 1,640 : Farm Services 5/ : 98.4 95.5 10,617 10,456 1,290 1,260 : Rent 6/ : 31.2 30.0 6,091 6,141 740 740 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 43.6 35.1 6,049 5,643 735 680 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 66.9 65.5 4,074 4,066 495 490 : Interest : 43.5 39.6 3,498 3,320 425 400 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.1 95.4 1,276 1,328 155 160 : Labor : 33.4 34.4 5,309 4,979 645 600 : Fuels : 88.1 79.3 2,757 3,485 335 420 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 89.9 78.2 4,979 4,813 605 580 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 54.5 45.6 2,222 3,154 270 380 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 14.3 12.6 2,469 2,905 300 350 : Other Farm Machinery : 18.4 17.4 1,152 1,411 140 170 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 45.8 44.1 2,551 2,490 310 300 : Trucks & Autos : 20.0 14.5 2,016 1,909 245 230 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Southern Plains Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 50,981 51,511 15,855 16,020 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 33.6 34.1 7,653 8,264 2,380 2,570 : Feed : 75.7 81.2 6,817 6,720 2,120 2,090 : Farm Services 5/ : 95.4 97.9 8,006 7,685 2,490 2,390 : Rent 6/ : 33.8 35.5 3,183 3,023 990 940 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 37.9 42.6 1,302 1,350 405 420 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 55.3 59.2 2,347 2,347 730 730 : Interest : 37.4 31.4 2,830 3,119 880 970 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 99.0 98.5 1,961 1,929 610 600 : Labor : 34.5 38.0 3,826 3,730 1,190 1,160 : Fuels : 78.2 84.0 1,801 2,283 560 710 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 81.7 83.8 3,312 3,023 1,030 940 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 48.8 52.4 2,363 2,605 735 810 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 11.7 12.3 1,463 1,495 455 465 : Other Farm Machinery : 18.7 19.2 900 965 280 300 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 35.4 37.3 1,238 1,158 385 360 : Trucks & Autos : 15.8 18.6 1,849 1,704 575 530 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Mountain Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 108,837 118,251 14,410 15,550 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 32.0 37.8 12,840 14,449 1,700 1,900 : Feed : 61.6 61.9 13,973 14,525 1,850 1,910 : Farm Services 5/ : 97.6 98.7 16,767 17,871 2,220 2,350 : Rent 6/ : 42.5 42.2 8,233 8,213 1,090 1,080 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 43.6 43.8 3,134 3,270 415 430 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 48.9 35.6 4,909 4,639 650 610 : Interest : 50.8 51.5 7,100 8,213 940 1,080 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 97.6 96.2 3,285 3,384 435 445 : Labor : 41.6 44.8 12,387 13,840 1,640 1,820 : Fuels : 79.2 83.2 3,474 5,171 460 680 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 86.9 88.0 7,628 7,985 1,010 1,050 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 55.9 55.3 3,965 5,703 525 750 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 13.5 16.3 3,248 3,118 430 410 : Other Farm Machinery : 19.6 21.3 1,964 1,901 260 250 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 38.8 31.2 2,908 2,814 385 370 : Trucks & Autos : 21.6 25.1 2,606 2,966 345 390 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Farms Reporting, Average per Farm, and Total, Pacific Region, 1999-00 13/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms : Average : Total : Reporting 11/ : per Farm 12/ : Expenditures Expenditure - Farm Share :--------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 : 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- Percent -- --- Dollars --- Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 182,330 186,149 30,905 31,180 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 22.3 36.5 5,280 7,164 895 1,200 : Feed : 42.2 46.3 18,407 20,716 3,120 3,470 : Farm Services 5/ : 95.7 97.8 35,398 35,522 6,000 5,950 : Rent 6/ : 28.6 24.4 9,912 9,672 1,680 1,620 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 56.2 61.0 8,083 7,761 1,370 1,300 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 55.1 54.3 6,844 7,045 1,160 1,180 : Interest : 43.9 34.7 9,617 9,910 1,630 1,660 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 96.5 98.6 5,015 5,104 850 855 : Labor : 56.8 47.2 46,608 45,493 7,900 7,620 : Fuels : 80.3 82.0 3,894 4,776 660 800 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 84.0 85.8 13,215 12,418 2,240 2,080 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 49.2 49.9 7,375 8,418 1,250 1,410 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 10.6 11.1 2,743 2,716 465 455 : Other Farm Machinery : 14.6 17.8 1,475 1,433 250 240 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 33.2 40.4 5,782 5,672 980 950 : Trucks & Autos : 16.3 11.2 2,242 2,090 380 350 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Total, United States, 1995-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Expenditure - Farm Share : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Dollars : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ :167,800 174,950 183,180 183,150 184,050 188,500 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 15,000 12,800 14,200 14,500 16,800 18,000 : Feed : 23,800 25,200 26,300 25,000 24,500 24,500 : Farm Services 5/ : 23,800 23,500 24,700 25,000 25,700 25,400 : Rent 6/ : 16,000 18,300 18,470 17,300 15,900 16,100 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 7,700 8,500 9,000 9,000 8,600 8,500 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 10,000 10,900 10,900 10,600 9,900 10,000 : Interest : 10,300 10,400 10,500 10,800 10,700 10,900 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 6,400 6,500 6,650 6,800 6,800 6,900 : Labor : 16,000 17,100 18,300 19,000 19,700 19,800 : Fuels : 5,500 5,800 6,000 5,400 5,300 7,000 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 11,500 11,800 12,300 12,200 12,600 12,400 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 5,200 5,900 6,100 6,450 7,100 8,400 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 4,750 5,000 5,400 6,000 5,400 5,400 : Other Farm Machinery : 3,100 3,350 3,410 3,550 3,500 3,600 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 5,450 6,200 6,700 7,200 7,200 7,300 : Trucks & Autos : 2,800 3,300 3,800 4,000 3,900 4,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Farm Production Expenditures: Major Input Items, Percent of Total, United States, 1995-00 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Expenditure - Farm Share : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 2000 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : Total Farm Production : Expenditures 2/ 3/ : 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Livestock, Poultry & : Related Expenses 4/ : 8.9 7.3 7.8 7.9 9.1 9.5 : Feed : 14.2 14.4 14.4 13.7 13.3 13.0 : Farm Services 5/ : 14.2 13.4 13.5 13.7 14.0 13.5 : Rent 6/ : 9.5 10.5 10.1 9.4 8.6 8.5 : Agricultural Chemicals 7/ : 4.6 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.5 : Fertilizer, Lime & Soil : Conditioners 7/ : 6.0 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.4 5.3 : Interest : 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.8 : Taxes (Real Estate & : Property) : 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 : Labor : 9.5 9.8 10.0 10.4 10.7 10.5 : Fuels : 3.3 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.7 : Farm Supplies & Repairs 8/ : 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.6 : Farm Improvements : & Construction 9/ : 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.9 4.5 : Tractors and Self-Propelled : Farm Machinery : 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.9 2.9 : Other Farm Machinery : 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 : Seeds & Plants 10/ : 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 : Trucks & Autos : 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes on page 23. Footnotes 1/ Excludes AK and HI. 2/ Total includes production costs not allocated to any of the 16 expense categories published. 3/ Includes landlord and contractor share of farm production expenses. 4/ Includes purchases and leasing of livestock and poultry. 5/ Includes all crop custom work, veterinary services, custom feeding, transportation costs, marketing charges, insurance, leasing of machinery and equipment, miscellaneous business expenses, and utilities. 6/ Includes public and private grazing fees. 7/ Includes material and application costs. 8/ Includes bedding and litter, marketing containers, power farm shop equipment, miscellaneous non-capital equipment and supplies, repairs and maintenance of livestock and poultry equipment, and capital equipment for livestock and poultry. 9/ Includes all expenditures related to new construction or repairs of buildings and fences, and any improvements to physical structures of land. 10/ Excludes bedding plants, nursery stock, and seed purchased for resale. Includes seed treatment. 11/ Number of farms reporting item divided by total number of farms. 12/ Total expenditures divided by total number of farms. 13/ Regions consist of the following States: Northeast: CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT; Lake States: MI, MN, WI; Corn Belt: IL, IN, IA, MO, OH; Northern Plains: KS, NE, ND, SD; Appalachian: KY, NC, TN, VA, WV; Southeast: AL, FL, GA, SC; Delta: AR, LA, MS; Southern Plains: OK, TX; Mountain: AZ, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, UT, WY; Pacific: CA, OR, WA. See next page for regional map. Estimating Procedures and Reliability Program Changes: The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) initiated an estimation program in calendar year 1993 for farm production expenditures. Farm Production Expenditure publications for prior years included only survey indications for expenditures at the U.S. level and other geographic, size, and type of farm levels. Estimates are currently published based on survey indications and other check data for major groupings of farm production expenses for the U.S., 10 Farm Production Regions, 5 U.S. Economic Sales Classes, and U.S. Crop and Livestock Farms. Previous year's data are subject to revision as additional indications and check data are available. In 1996, the Agricultural Resource Management Study (ARMS) was developed from a combining of the previous Farm Costs and Returns Survey (FCRS) and the Cropping Practice Survey (CPS). The initiative to combine these surveys came from a growing interest in tying the resources used in agricultural production and the farm financial information to the relationships between various production practices and farm financial conditions; and the need to improve the efficiency of data collection by combining identical information collected in both the CPS and the FCRS into one survey. Because of the variety of issues needing to be addressed with ARMS, it was designed with a flexible structure that allowed different questionnaire versions to focus more specifically on topics of interest. The ARMS was conducted in three phases. Survey phases one and two screened for farms with specific commodities of interest and collected agricultural production, resource use, and cost of production information. The third phase of the survey collected farm production expenditure data similar to the previous FCRS. One of the primary uses of farm production expenditure data is for weighting in the construction of prices paid indexes. In early 1995, NASS completed a revision of the indexes which included changes in the structure of components estimated and subsequently, the relative weights used in the construction of the indexes. Changes were made in an effort to simplify updating of component items and also to establish more appropriate weights for the series. In a combined effort to facilitate this process, changes were made in component items estimated in this publication. The changes made include: grazing fees were moved from the Farm Services category to Rent; oils and lubricants were moved from Fuels to Farm Supplies and Repairs; repairs and maintenance expenditures were moved from Other Farm Machinery to Farm Supplies and Repairs; and the category Building and Fencing along with Farm and Land Improvements were combined into one category called Farm Improvements and Construction. Estimates for these levels were revised back to 1990 at the U.S. level to provide a more useful series for data users. Survey Procedures: The farm production expenditure data contained in this publication are the result of a sample survey of nearly 17,903 farms and ranches contacted in February through April 2001 in all States except Alaska and Hawaii. The Agricultural Resource Management Study covers the population of farms in the 48 contiguous States defined as "all establishments which sold or would normally have sold at least $1,000 of agricultural products during the previous year". These establishments are not only traditional agricultural operations such as grain farms and dairy operations, but also specialty farms such as orchards, nurseries, and those producing fish in captivity. The Agricultural Resource Management Study is a multiple frame survey which utilizes a list frame and a complementary area frame. The list frame typically represents the larger, more specialized operations contributing the greater portion of the data expansions. The area frame provides coverage for the smaller operations that are not available for sampling from the list. Since all of the operators on the list frame are also part of the area frame, rigorous procedures are followed to be certain that an operation is only included in the data expansions once. These multiple frame expansions are unbiased and provide more precise expansions than could be obtained by using the area frame alone. Special training occurs prior to the Agricultural Resource Management Study period to insure consistent and proper execution of survey procedures in farm determination, data collection, and editing of detailed expense and income data. Field and office staff edit data using hand and machine edit procedures. Questionnaires are reviewed for consistency, data relationships, and completeness. Past analysis has shown approximately half of the edits simply correct for data misplacement errors. In cases where respondents are unable or unwilling to report data for any item on the questionnaire, the field enumerators or survey statisticians can impute a value. For income, related debt/asset data, and a few expense items statisticians are allowed to enter a (-1) to indicate a missing value and an algorithm within the edit will compute and input the missing value based on similar size and type of operations. The computer generated imputation has not been implemented for all expenditure data because NASS analysis has shown there are significantly fewer missing data cells on expenses than on income. Missing values for expense items, where no data are reported, are edited to a positive value based on other reported values from similar operations by the survey statistician. Data Comparability: This publication includes estimates for 1999 and 2000 farm production expenditures for the U.S., 10 Farm Production Expenditure Regions, 5 Economic Sales Classes, and Crop and Livestock Farms. Total expenditures and expenses for major input items at the U.S. level are provided back through 1995 to provide data users a comparable data series. Some of the expenditure estimates published in this report will differ from production expense estimates published in the Economic Research Service's "Farm Business Economics Report". The Economic Research Service (ERS), the agency responsible for estimates of farm income, treats agriculture as a sector in the U.S. economy while the National Agricultural Statistics Service is interested in annual production expenditures as a cash outlay to farming operations. In most cases, items that would be considered cash farm operating expenditures are estimated the same by both agencies (NASS and ERS) with the estimates established during a joint national board. This would include production inputs such as feed, seed, fertilizer, chemicals, and labor. There is a major difference in accounting between NASS and ERS for reporting capital expenditures. NASS considers capital expenditures such as purchases of vehicles and construction of buildings as a cash outlay for the farming operation while ERS recognizes the contribution of the expenditure as a depreciable asset to the farm sector. NASS interest expense includes the reported farm share of the household and excludes landlord interest expenditures. ERS excludes the nonfarm share of interest expense but includes landlord interest expense. An additional difference in methodology exists for livestock & poultry expenditures. ERS does not include farm to farm sales of livestock as this would not be a cost to the sector account -- only an expense to the farm making the purchase and income to the farm making the sale. Data Reliability: Two types of errors, sampling and nonsampling, are possible in an estimate based on a sample survey. Both types affect the "precision" of the estimates. Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The sampling error measures the variation in estimates from the average of all possible samples. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean that chances are 19 out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples averaged together would be between 98 and 102 which is the survey estimate plus or minus two times the sampling error. The sampling error expressed as a percent of the estimate is called the relative sampling error. For 2000 total expenditures, the relative sampling errors were as follows for the different domains estimated: at the U.S. level 2.8 percent; from 3.4 to 12.3 percent at the Regional level; from 3.5 to 6.5 at the U.S. Economic Sales Class level; 3.0 for Crop Farms; 4.9 for Livestock Farms. For 1999 total expenditures, the relative sampling errors were as follows for the different domains estimated: at the U.S. level 2.5 percent; from 3.4 to 10.1 percent at the Regional level. The relative sampling errors for major expense items at the U.S. level typically range from 3.3 to 10.5 percent. Data from sample surveys are also influenced by non-sampling errors which are not always measurable or known. Non-sampling errors may be introduced by enumerators, respondents, questionnaire design, or field and office procedures. Efforts are made to minimize these errors and maintain survey accuracy through proper training of all individuals involved with the survey, detailed review and verification of data, and analysis of data for comparability and consistency. Index Page Expenditures by Economic Class of Farm, 1999-00 Gross Value of Sales, $250,000 and Over 6 Gross Value of Sales, $100,000 - $249,999 7 Gross Value of Sales, $40,000 - $99,999 8 Gross Value of Sales, $10,000 - $39,999 9 Gross Value of Sales, Less Than $10,000 10 Expenditures by Farm Production Region, 1999-00 Northeast: CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT 11 Lake States: MI, MN, WI 12 Corn Belt: IL, IN, IA, MO, OH 13 Northern Plains: KS, NE, ND, SD 14 Appalachian: KY, NC, TN, VA, WV 15 Southeast: AL, FL, GA, SC 16 Delta: AR, LA, MS 17 Southern Plains: OK, TX 18 Mountain: AZ, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, UT, WY 19 Pacific: CA, OR, WA 20 Expenditures by Type of Farm, 1999 - 2000 Crop Farms 4 Livestock Farms 5 Farm Production Expenditures Region Map 24 Footnotes 23 Highlights 1 Major Farm Production Expenditures, U.S., 1999 and 2000 2-3 Major Farm Production Expenditures, U.S., 1995 - 2000 21 Major Farm Production Expenditures as a Percent of Total, U.S., 1995 - 2000 22 Reliability and Estimating Procedures 25-27 Released July 19, 2001, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Farm Production Expenditures 2000 Summary" call Scott Cox at 202-690-3347, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. The next "Farm Production Expenditures 2001 Summary" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET July 2002. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). 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