Livestock Slaughter ISSN: 0499-0544 Released January 20, 2012, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Another Record Monthly High for Pork Production Commercial red meat production for the United States totaled 4.22 billion pounds in December, down 3 percent from the 4.35 billion pounds produced in December 2010. Beef production, at 2.13 billion pounds, was 6 percent below the previous year. Cattle slaughter totaled 2.75 million head, down 6 percent from December 2010. The average live weight was down 8 pounds from the previous year, at 1,297 pounds. Veal production totaled 10.7 million pounds, 8 percent below December a year ago. Calf slaughter totaled 72,900 head, down 6 percent from December 2010. The average live weight was down 8 pounds from last year, at 253 pounds. Pork production totaled 2.07 billion pounds, up 1 percent from the previous year. Hog slaughter totaled 9.94 million head, up slightly from December 2010. The average live weight was up 1 pound from the previous year, at 278 pounds. Lamb and mutton production, at 12.5 million pounds, was down 16 percent from December 2010. Sheep slaughter totaled 180,700 head, 16 percent below last year. The average live weight was 139 pounds, up 1 pound from December a year ago. January to December 2011 commercial red meat production was 49.2 billion pounds, up slightly from 2010. Accumulated beef production was down slightly from last year, veal was down 4 percent, pork was up 1 percent from last year, and lamb and mutton production was down 9 percent. December 2010 contained 23 weekdays (including 2 holidays) and 4 Saturdays. December 2011 contained 22 weekdays (including 1 holiday) and 5 Saturdays. This page intentionally left blank. Contents Commercial Red Meat Production - United States................................4 Federally Inspected Red Meat Production - United States.......................4 Livestock Slaughter, Number of Head and Average Live Weight - United States...5 Commercial Red Meat Production - States and United States.....................6 Commercial Cattle Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011......................................................................7 Commercial Calf Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011......................................................................8 Commercial Hog Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011......................................................................9 Commercial Sheep and Lamb Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011.....................................................................10 Livestock Slaughtered Under Federal Inspection, By Class - United States.....11 Federally Inspected Slaughter, Average Dressed Weight, By Class - United States................................................................11 Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: December 2011.....12 Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: January to December 2011................................................................13 Federally Inspected Slaughter, Percent of Total Commercial Slaughter - United States................................................................13 Statistical Methodology......................................................14 Terms and Definitions Used for Livestock Slaughter Estimates.................15 Information Contacts.........................................................16 Commercial Red Meat Production - United States [Totals, accumulated totals and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : :December 2011 as % of : January to December : December : November : December :---------------------------------------------------- Type : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : December : November : : :2011 as % : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : of 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- million pounds ------ --- percent --- million pounds percent : Beef .............: 2,270.9 2,149.4 2,127.2 94 99 26,304.9 26,199.3 100 Veal .............: 11.7 10.8 10.7 92 99 134.3 129.2 96 Pork .............: 2,055.4 2,086.9 2,065.9 101 99 22,436.5 22,759.1 101 Lamb and mutton ..: 14.9 12.6 12.5 84 100 163.7 148.6 91 : Total red meat ...: 4,352.8 4,259.7 4,216.4 97 99 49,039.4 49,236.3 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Federally Inspected Red Meat Production - United States [Totals, accumulated totals and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : :December 2011 as % of : January to December : December : November : December :---------------------------------------------------- Type : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : December : November : : :2011 as % : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : of 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- million pounds ------ --- percent --- million pounds percent : Beef .............: 2,240.1 2,119.8 2,096.4 94 99 25,954.2 25,854.2 100 Veal .............: 11.4 10.5 10.5 92 100 130.7 126.2 97 Pork .............: 2,041.1 2,073.6 2,052.6 101 99 22,274.6 22,599.4 101 Lamb and mutton ..: 14.0 11.8 11.9 85 101 154.4 140.9 91 : Total red meat ...: 4,306.7 4,215.8 4,171.4 97 99 48,513.9 48,720.7 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Livestock Slaughter, Number of Head and Average Live Weight - United States [Totals, accumulated totals and percentages based on unrounded data] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : December : January to December : December : November : December :2011 as % :-------------------------------- Species : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : of 2010 : : :2011 as % : : : : : 2010 : 2011 : of 2010 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent : Cattle : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 2,867.7 2,739.1 2,706.3 94 33,702.0 33,554.6 100 Other .................1,000: 48.2 46.5 48.5 101 547.0 537.8 98 Commercial ............1,000: 2,915.9 2,785.6 2,754.8 94 34,249.0 34,092.3 100 Live weight per head : Federally inspected ..pounds: 1,307 1,296 1,300 99 1,282 1,280 100 Other ................pounds: 1,142 1,131 1,139 100 1,132 1,132 100 Commercial ...........pounds: 1,305 1,293 1,297 99 1,279 1,277 100 : Calves : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 76.6 71.9 71.8 94 864.2 838.8 97 Other .................1,000: 1.1 1.1 1.0 94 14.4 12.7 88 Commercial ............1,000: 77.7 73.0 72.9 94 878.6 851.5 97 Live weight per head : Federally inspected ..pounds: 258 252 250 97 260 260 100 Other ................pounds: 437 401 421 96 432 421 97 Commercial ...........pounds: 261 255 253 97 262 263 100 : Hogs : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 9,837.8 9,968.1 9,867.7 100 109,314.7 109,956.6 101 Other .................1,000: 84.0 74.9 75.9 90 945.1 907.7 96 Commercial ............1,000: 9,921.8 10,043.0 9,943.6 100 110,259.8 110,864.3 101 Live weight per head : Federally inspected ..pounds: 278 279 278 100 273 275 101 Other ................pounds: 236 245 243 103 238 244 103 Commercial ...........pounds: 277 278 278 100 272 275 101 : Sheep and lambs : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 200.0 171.9 168.0 84 2,261.1 2,001.0 88 Other .................1,000: 16.0 14.8 12.7 79 196.4 160.7 82 Commercial ............1,000: 216.0 186.7 180.7 84 2,457.5 2,161.7 88 Live weight per head : Federally inspected ..pounds: 140 138 142 101 137 141 103 Other ................pounds: 113 105 102 90 98 98 100 Commercial ...........pounds: 138 135 139 101 134 138 103 : Goats : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 52.5 58.6 55.1 105 612.1 589.1 96 Other .................1,000: 20.5 18.6 18.2 89 166.9 183.0 110 Commercial ............1,000: 73.0 77.2 73.4 101 779.0 772.1 99 Live weight per head : Federally inspected ..pounds: 63 63 63 101 62 63 101 Other ................pounds: 58 67 73 126 67 67 100 Commercial ...........pounds: 61 64 66 107 63 64 101 : Bison : Number of head : Federally inspected ...1,000: 4.6 3.9 3.7 80 52.9 44.2 84 Other .................1,000: 1.0 0.9 1.0 101 11.1 10.0 90 Commercial ............1,000: 5.6 4.8 4.7 84 63.9 54.2 85 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commercial Red Meat Production - States and United States [Includes total beef, veal, pork, lamb, and mutton. Totals and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December : November : December :December 2011 as : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : % of 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- million pounds ---------- percent : Alabama ...............: 1.9 1.6 1.6 84 Alaska ................: - 0.1 - - Arizona ...............: 34.9 33.2 38.4 110 Arkansas ..............: 4.2 3.0 4.2 100 California ............: 156.0 147.5 146.8 94 Colorado ..............: 184.5 170.0 179.3 97 Delaware-Maryland .....: 3.1 3.0 3.0 94 Florida ...............: 8.9 10.3 9.5 107 Georgia ...............: 11.4 12.8 12.0 105 Hawaii ................: 0.9 0.7 0.9 92 : Idaho .................: 16.1 3.8 3.5 22 Illinois ..............: 239.6 264.4 257.8 108 Indiana ...............: 158.0 158.6 156.1 99 Iowa ..................: 595.0 604.5 595.6 100 Kansas ................: 461.4 424.8 416.6 90 Kentucky ..............: 55.1 51.4 48.8 89 Louisiana .............: 0.5 0.6 0.5 89 Michigan ..............: 47.0 42.8 45.9 98 Minnesota .............: 247.0 248.7 251.5 102 Mississippi ...........: 2.4 2.4 1.8 77 : Missouri ..............: 157.7 158.6 156.7 99 Montana ...............: 1.7 1.7 1.8 104 Nebraska ..............: 629.8 612.5 606.6 96 Nevada ................: 0.1 0.1 0.1 126 New England 1/ ........: 1.5 1.8 1.6 104 New Jersey ............: 4.6 4.6 4.6 100 New Mexico ............: 0.4 0.4 0.5 106 New York ..............: 2.8 3.1 3.1 111 North Carolina ........: 215.3 212.4 203.1 94 North Dakota ..........: 3.6 2.4 2.5 70 : Ohio ..................: 27.2 25.8 26.0 96 Oklahoma ..............: 105.5 104.0 98.6 93 Oregon ................: 5.0 6.3 5.6 112 Pennsylvania ..........: 118.1 112.4 112.3 95 South Carolina ........: 20.5 21.3 21.3 104 South Dakota ..........: 96.0 101.0 96.5 101 Tennessee .............: 18.4 24.2 21.9 119 Texas .................: 437.8 402.2 404.4 92 Utah ..................: 37.2 37.3 37.7 101 Virginia ..............: 42.7 48.3 45.0 105 : Washington ............: 72.0 74.9 70.8 98 West Virginia .........: 0.8 1.0 1.0 122 Wisconsin .............: 125.6 118.7 120.4 96 Wyoming ...............: 0.6 0.5 0.6 89 : United States .........: 4,352.8 4,259.7 4,216.4 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Cattle Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- --- 1,000 pounds --- ---- pounds ---- : Alabama ..........: 0.5 0.3 463 285 915 874 Alaska ...........: 0.1 - 55 - 1,105 - Arizona ..........: 48.0 52.0 61,665 67,219 1,290 1,296 Arkansas .........: 0.7 0.7 698 713 979 981 California .......: 153.5 144.6 195,332 184,054 1,296 1,285 Colorado .........: 208.4 202.3 282,429 273,427 1,356 1,353 Delaware-Maryland : 3.3 3.3 4,344 4,184 1,312 1,281 Florida ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Georgia ..........: 21.9 21.9 20,935 21,474 961 985 Hawaii ...........: 1.1 0.9 1,156 1,039 1,095 1,095 : Idaho ............: 22.4 2.5 26,889 2,633 1,227 1,103 Illinois .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Indiana ..........: 4.0 3.6 4,220 3,793 1,054 1,064 Iowa .............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Kansas ...........: 541.7 497.8 715,985 648,503 1,322 1,303 Kentucky .........: 1.7 1.5 1,633 1,479 957 979 Louisiana ........: 0.5 0.4 352 310 715 772 Michigan .........: 53.8 55.2 73,815 74,492 1,382 1,356 Minnesota ........: 79.6 81.9 111,056 114,131 1,403 1,399 Mississippi ......: 0.1 0.1 45 40 587 608 : Missouri .........: 7.6 4.7 8,737 5,424 1,155 1,152 Montana ..........: 2.2 2.3 2,556 2,664 1,160 1,164 Nebraska .........: 588.4 555.7 796,066 753,069 1,354 1,356 Nevada ...........: 0.1 0.1 78 95 969 1,009 New England 1/ ...: 1.7 1.8 1,670 1,727 984 991 New Jersey .......: 3.4 3.1 3,866 3,489 1,129 1,126 New Mexico .......: 0.6 0.6 636 729 1,105 1,281 New York .........: 2.8 3.2 3,185 3,637 1,178 1,143 North Carolina ...: 17.4 17.8 20,026 20,315 1,157 1,146 North Dakota .....: 2.4 3.0 3,127 4,038 1,298 1,334 : Ohio .............: 10.1 11.3 11,947 13,125 1,194 1,169 Oklahoma .........: 1.9 2.2 1,849 2,138 982 983 Oregon ...........: 3.8 4.9 4,618 5,800 1,240 1,213 Pennsylvania .....: 87.6 84.7 108,379 100,365 1,249 1,189 South Carolina ...: 13.2 12.6 14,443 13,956 1,110 1,120 South Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Tennessee ........: 3.9 4.6 3,213 3,853 848 853 Texas ............: 568.6 535.7 708,404 661,091 1,250 1,237 Utah .............: 46.3 45.3 60,490 61,013 1,308 1,351 Virginia .........: 1.2 1.1 1,244 1,207 1,082 1,055 : Washington .......: 90.4 86.4 118,224 115,692 1,315 1,345 West Virginia ....: 1.2 1.4 1,182 1,398 1,013 983 Wisconsin ........: 157.9 153.4 207,495 199,014 1,329 1,304 Wyoming ..........: 0.8 0.7 979 855 1,165 1,142 : United States ....: 2,915.9 2,754.8 3,789,353 3,563,845 1,305 1,297 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Calf Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- -- 1,000 pounds -- --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: - - - - - - Alaska ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Arizona ..........: - - - - - - Arkansas .........: - - - - - - California .......: 16.2 16.3 1,697 1,694 107 104 Colorado .........: - (D) - (D) - (D) Delaware-Maryland : 0.2 0.3 62 70 265 262 Florida ..........: - (D) - (D) - (D) Georgia ..........: - 0.1 - 46 - 596 Hawaii ...........: - - - - - - : Idaho ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Illinois .........: 1.5 1.1 640 491 436 442 Indiana ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Iowa .............: - - - - - - Kansas ...........: - - - - - - Kentucky .........: 0.1 0.1 37 41 524 572 Louisiana ........: 0.4 0.4 197 198 526 535 Michigan .........: 1.6 1.4 675 580 426 422 Minnesota ........: - - - - - - Mississippi ......: - - - - - - : Missouri .........: - - - - - - Montana ..........: - - - - - - Nebraska .........: (D) - (D) - (D) - Nevada ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) New England 1/ ...: (D) 0.6 (D) 94 (D) 147 New Jersey .......: 5.9 6.7 2,477 2,817 417 418 New Mexico .......: 0.1 - 15 - 108 - New York .........: 12.4 11.4 1,188 1,097 101 102 North Carolina ...: 0.1 0.1 66 40 453 503 North Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Ohio .............: 13.9 12.0 2,973 1,979 235 166 Oklahoma .........: 0.1 0.1 32 21 476 349 Oregon ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .....: 10.3 9.5 4,424 4,058 429 426 South Carolina ...: - - - - - - South Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Tennessee ........: - 0.1 - 38 - 468 Texas ............: 2.2 1.7 710 600 331 360 Utah .............: (D) - (D) - (D) - Virginia .........: 0.1 - 29 - 396 - : Washington .......: (D) 1.3 (D) 94 (D) 76 West Virginia ....: - (D) - (D) - (D) Wisconsin ........: 8.9 8.9 3,969 4,051 445 455 Wyoming ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : United States ....: 77.7 72.9 19,702 18,226 261 253 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Hog Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- --- 1,000 pounds --- --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: 6.7 5.8 2,920 2,465 436 425 Alaska ...........: 0.1 (D) 15 (D) 194 (D) Arizona ..........: 0.1 0.1 21 28 243 226 Arkansas .........: 12.5 12.5 5,731 5,677 459 453 California .......: 247.6 228.1 59,743 54,950 241 241 Colorado .........: 0.6 0.8 162 185 261 237 Delaware-Maryland : 1.7 1.5 445 367 256 249 Florida ..........: 5.7 4.1 791 635 139 156 Georgia ..........: 6.4 7.4 1,628 1,844 253 251 Hawaii ...........: 1.6 1.5 377 344 231 233 : Idaho ............: 10.6 11.0 2,676 2,808 253 256 Illinois .........: 832.5 946.2 233,788 266,352 281 282 Indiana ..........: 752.0 745.7 205,475 203,101 273 272 Iowa .............: 2,658.8 2,675.0 740,135 748,547 279 280 Kansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Kentucky .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Louisiana ........: 1.5 1.4 237 195 159 143 Michigan .........: 12.9 11.8 5,111 4,666 397 395 Minnesota ........: 926.3 940.9 250,642 255,910 271 272 Mississippi ......: 11.5 9.5 3,302 2,559 288 269 : Missouri .........: 709.6 711.7 203,212 203,751 287 286 Montana ..........: 1.4 1.5 326 347 234 237 Nebraska .........: 693.8 711.8 191,000 197,078 275 277 Nevada ...........: (D) - (D) - (D) - New England 1/ ...: 2.4 2.4 488 550 202 233 New Jersey .......: 11.0 11.5 947 1,044 86 91 New Mexico .......: 0.1 0.1 29 19 250 260 New York .........: 2.4 2.8 376 496 157 179 North Carolina ...: 1,008.1 952.0 271,615 257,456 270 271 North Dakota .....: 10.0 0.5 2,608 150 262 275 : Ohio .............: 92.9 90.1 25,833 24,270 279 270 Oklahoma .........: 488.4 460.8 137,260 128,768 281 280 Oregon ...........: 13.3 13.0 3,346 3,288 251 254 Pennsylvania .....: 271.2 260.8 70,844 67,463 262 259 South Carolina ...: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) South Dakota .....: 433.2 427.6 115,839 116,138 267 272 Tennessee ........: 53.5 66.2 24,760 29,546 463 447 Texas ............: 44.5 38.3 12,716 10,945 286 286 Utah .............: 5.3 5.3 709 700 134 132 Virginia .........: 206.6 218.3 55,343 58,553 268 268 : Washington .......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) West Virginia ....: 0.4 0.6 111 173 255 277 Wisconsin ........: 44.3 46.5 19,880 20,772 452 448 Wyoming ..........: 0.2 0.2 58 63 293 273 : United States ....: 9,921.8 9,943.6 2,747,978 2,762,662 277 278 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Sheep and Lamb Slaughter - States and United States: December 2010 and 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- -- 1,000 pounds -- --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: - - - - - - Alaska ...........: - - - - - - Arizona ..........: 0.3 0.2 32 31 127 125 Arkansas .........: 0.1 0.1 6 6 103 91 California .......: 20.8 23.4 2,932 3,313 141 142 Colorado .........: 89.9 85.7 14,119 13,734 157 160 Delaware-Maryland : 3.9 3.4 383 328 98 98 Florida ..........: (D) 0.1 (D) 6 (D) 71 Georgia ..........: 0.4 0.2 27 18 75 75 Hawaii ...........: 0.1 0.1 5 10 103 132 : Idaho ............: 0.2 0.2 29 25 125 131 Illinois .........: 12.9 11.9 1,825 1,680 142 141 Indiana ..........: 3.3 3.9 363 435 109 111 Iowa .............: 23.8 0.1 3,475 20 146 147 Kansas ...........: 0.3 0.3 23 28 92 104 Kentucky .........: 1.0 0.9 116 121 118 128 Louisiana ........: 0.3 0.3 15 15 54 58 Michigan .........: 15.4 13.1 1,984 1,700 129 130 Minnesota ........: 1.3 0.4 157 52 117 126 Mississippi ......: 0.2 (D) 14 (D) 65 (D) : Missouri .........: 0.4 0.3 48 42 126 121 Montana ..........: 0.4 0.4 43 39 100 99 Nebraska .........: 0.1 0.1 15 7 126 120 Nevada ...........: - - - - - - New England 1/ ...: 2.8 2.9 237 244 85 85 New Jersey .......: 11.2 9.7 935 825 83 85 New Mexico .......: 1.0 0.8 133 117 134 145 New York .........: 3.3 3.6 274 299 82 82 North Carolina ...: 1.7 1.2 131 80 76 68 North Dakota .....: - - - - - - : Ohio .............: 1.3 1.1 143 112 109 106 Oklahoma .........: 0.1 0.2 7 19 113 93 Oregon ...........: 2.1 2.1 289 291 136 139 Pennsylvania .....: 3.7 4.3 355 426 97 99 South Carolina ...: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) South Dakota .....: 0.2 0.2 24 23 131 115 Tennessee ........: 0.7 0.6 54 44 78 74 Texas ............: 5.7 3.1 634 192 111 62 Utah .............: 2.6 2.5 357 331 138 135 Virginia .........: 0.9 0.5 81 42 91 92 : Washington .......: 1.3 1.0 236 178 185 179 West Virginia ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Wisconsin ........: 0.9 0.8 121 108 134 133 Wyoming ..........: 0.1 0.1 16 16 151 176 : United States ....: 216.0 180.7 29,815 25,088 138 139 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Livestock Slaughtered Under Federal Inspection, By Class - United States [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : January to December : : : : January to December Class : December : November : December :-----------------------: December : November : December :----------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -------------------- 1,000 head -------------------- ----------------- percent of total ---------------- : Cattle : Steers ...........: 1,382 1,302 1,314 16,596 16,539 48.2 47.5 48.6 49.2 49.3 Heifers ..........: 850 775 746 10,047 9,726 29.6 28.3 27.6 29.8 29.0 All cows .........: 589 613 601 6,437 6,712 20.5 22.4 22.2 19.1 20.0 Dairy cows .......: 265 253 262 2,807 2,914 9.2 9.2 9.7 8.3 8.7 Other cows .......: 324 360 340 3,630 3,798 11.3 13.1 12.5 10.8 11.3 Bulls ............: 47 50 45 622 579 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 : Total ............: 2,868 2,739 2,706 33,702 33,555 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Calves and : vealers ...... : 77 72 72 864 839 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Hogs : Barrows and : gilts ..........: 9,556 9,672 9,579 105,983 106,601 97.1 97.0 97.1 97.0 96.9 Sows .............: 253 268 260 2,966 3,027 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 Boars ............: 29 27 29 366 329 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 : Total ............: 9,838 9,968 9,868 109,315 109,957 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Sheep : Mature : sheep ..........: 11 12 10 156 141 5.3 7.0 6.1 6.9 7.0 Lambs and : yearlings ......: 189 160 158 2,105 1,860 94.7 93.0 93.9 93.1 93.0 : Total ............: 200 172 168 2,261 2,001 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Federally Inspected Slaughter, Average Dressed Weight, By Class - United States [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : January to December Class : December : November : December :----------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Cattle ............... : 784 776 777 773 773 Steers 1/ ...............: 854 854 850 835 841 Heifers 1/ ..............: 788 788 785 768 773 All cows 1/ .............: 605 587 600 607 596 Bulls 1/ ................: 863 856 857 875 868 : Calves and vealers ... : 153 149 148 154 154 : Hogs ................. : 208 208 208 204 206 Barrows and gilts 2/ ....: 205 206 206 201 203 Sows 2/ .................: 306 302 302 305 305 Boars 2/ ................: 208 208 208 200 210 : Sheep ................ : 70 69 71 68 70 Mature sheep 3/ .........: 65 66 63 65 66 Lambs and yearlings 3/ ..: 71 69 71 69 71 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Included in cattle average dressed weight. 2/ Included in hog average dressed weight. 3/ Included in sheep average dressed weight. Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: December 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cattle : Calves Standard :----------------------------------------------------------------------- federal : : : : Cows : : regions 1/ : Total : Steers :Heifers :--------------------------: Bulls : Total : : : : All : Dairy : Other : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 2 ............: 6.2 1.8 0.6 3.3 2.8 0.5 0.5 18.1 3 ............: 87.5 25.6 9.3 50.3 40.1 10.2 2.3 9.8 4 ............: 72.8 2.1 1.0 60.7 15.9 44.8 8.9 0.5 5 ............: 355.9 138.0 36.3 173.3 90.8 82.5 8.4 23.7 6 ............: 534.4 266.8 145.5 112.0 21.9 90.1 10.2 1.7 7 ............:1,096.2 606.3 412.2 (D) (D) (D) (D) - 8 ............: 262.3 138.4 101.3 (D) (D) (D) (D) - 9 ............: 196.9 87.4 13.6 92.2 70.2 21.9 3.8 16.2 10 ...........: 92.7 47.3 25.9 18.0 12.0 6.0 1.5 1.2 : United States :2,706.3 1,314.3 746.0 601.4 261.9 339.5 44.5 71.8 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hogs : Sheep :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Barrows : : : Total : Mature :Lambs and : :and gilts: Sows : Boars : : sheep :yearlings :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 1.9 1.9 - - 2.7 0.1 2.6 2 ............: 14.1 13.8 (D) (D) 12.7 1.6 11.0 3 ............: 479.7 478.2 (D) (D) 8.5 0.7 7.8 4 ............: 1,325.2 1,239.5 81.7 4.0 3.3 0.9 2.4 5 ............: 2,750.5 2,638.0 106.7 5.8 26.8 3.5 23.3 6 ............: 506.4 487.6 18.5 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.7 7 ............: 4,109.6 4,039.8 51.0 18.8 0.5 - 0.5 8 ............: 432.7 432.6 - - 87.8 2.5 85.4 9 ............: 222.4 222.3 0.1 - 22.3 0.4 21.9 10 ...........: 25.2 25.2 - - 2.2 0.1 2.1 : United States : 9,867.7 9,578.9 259.5 29.3 168.0 10.2 157.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ States included in regions are as follows: 1 - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; 2 - New Jersey, New York; 3 - Delaware-Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia; 4 - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee; 5 - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; 6 - Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; 7 - Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska; 8- Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming; 9 - Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada; 10 - Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington. Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: January to December 2011 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cattle : Calves Standard :----------------------------------------------------------------------- federal : : : : Cows : : regions 1/ : Total : Steers :Heifers :--------------------------: Bulls : Total : : : : All : Dairy : Other : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 16.2 7.4 3.6 2.8 1.6 1.3 2.3 15.5 2 ............: 73.6 23.0 6.5 38.4 32.5 5.9 5.7 185.8 3 ............: 1,020.4 356.8 97.8 541.3 431.5 109.8 24.6 118.3 4 ............: 879.8 25.0 10.7 731.2 175.1 556.1 112.8 6.5 5 ............: 4,124.0 1,767.5 438.2 1,798.7 1,003.4 795.4 119.6 267.8 6 ............: 6,810.8 3,298.1 2,034.4 1,346.3 208.5 1,137.8 132.0 18.8 7 ............:13,848.1 7,663.6 5,356.8 (D) (D) (D) (D) 0.6 8 ............: 3,219.2 1,738.6 1,234.8 (D) (D) (D) (D) - 9 ............: 2,334.1 1,046.6 211.9 1,029.2 804.8 224.4 46.5 204.0 10 ...........: 1,228.3 612.1 331.1 260.9 158.9 102.0 24.3 21.5 : United States :33,554.6 16,538.6 9,725.8 6,711.6 2,914.0 3,797.7 578.6 838.8 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hogs : Sheep :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Barrows : : : Total : Mature :Lambs and : :and gilts : Sows : Boars : : sheep :yearlings :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 20.9 20.3 0.4 0.2 27.1 3.0 24.2 2 ............: 138.1 135.7 (D) (D) 148.1 19.9 128.1 3 ............: 5,178.7 5,159.5 (D) (D) 96.2 5.7 90.5 4 ............: 15,394.3 14,485.6 862.4 46.3 42.3 10.2 32.1 5 ............: 29,881.4 28,535.7 1,282.9 62.8 318.7 36.4 282.3 6 ............: 6,067.6 5,854.2 212.5 0.9 31.5 16.7 14.8 7 ............: 45,674.8 44,812.3 651.2 211.3 55.3 2.5 52.7 8 ............: 4,834.4 4,832.2 2.1 0.1 977.9 39.4 938.4 9 ............: 2,451.5 2,450.7 0.8 0.1 277.4 5.1 272.3 10 ...........: 314.9 314.3 0.5 0.1 26.5 1.6 24.9 : United States :109,956.6 106,600.5 3,027.0 329.0 2,001.0 140.6 1,860.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ States included in regions are as follows: 1 - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; 2 - New Jersey, New York; 3 - Delaware-Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia; 4 - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee; 5 - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; 6 - Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; 7 - Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska; 8 - Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming; 9 - Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada; 10 - Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington. Federally Inspected Slaughter, Percent of Total Commercial Slaughter - United States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : January to December Species : December : November : December :------------------------ : 2010 : 2011 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Cattle .......: 98.3 98.3 98.2 98.4 98.4 Calves .......: 98.6 98.4 98.6 98.4 98.5 Hogs .........: 99.2 99.3 99.2 99.1 99.2 Sheep ........: 92.6 92.1 93.0 92.0 92.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Data Sources: Primary data for the Livestock Slaughter publication are obtained from electronic reports completed by inspectors from the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), USDA, which provide daily counts of animals slaughtered in Federally Inspected (FI) plants, in addition to total live and dressed weights. These counts are combined with data from State-administered Non-Federally Inspected (NFI) slaughter plants to derive total commercial slaughter estimates. There are nearly 800 livestock slaughter plants in the United States operating under Federal Inspection and over 1,900 Non-Federally Inspected (State-inspected or custom-exempt) slaughter plants. Slaughter from State- inspected Talmedge-Aiken plants is included in FI totals (see Terms and Definitions, page 15). To prevent duplication in reporting between FI and NFI plants and assure all FI plants are included, certificates prepared by FSIS identifying operating status are constantly monitored. Revision Policy: Number of head slaughtered, live weights, and dressed weights are subject to revision the following month after the monthly release. Annual totals are published in the slaughter summary each April which includes any revisions made to current and previous year's published data. Revisions are generally the result of late reports received from slaughter plants and are usually less than one-half of one percent. No revisions will be made to the previous year's data after the publication of the annual summary in April. Procedures and Reliability: The livestock slaughter data is obtained electronically on a daily basis and summarized approximately two weeks after the week of slaughter. A computer program compares each plant's data with the historical data for that plant. Data are checked for unusual values for head kill, patterns of kill, average weights, and dressing percent, based on each plant's past operating profile. In addition, the computer program provides a listing of missing reports for follow-up contact with FSIS. Average live and dressed weights and dressing percentages by State are compared with the previous weeks as an additional check. Fluctuations are frequently the result of plants permanently or temporarily closing and a shift in the species reported. The FSIS District Veterinary Medical Specialists (DVMS) are contacted by e- mail or telephone for missing or potentially erroneous slaughter data. This assures that plants slaughtering a large number of head or several species are accounted for each week. Any corrections FSIS makes to the slaughter data are included in the summary. Computer imputation may be necessary for incomplete reports. The imputation of live and dressed weights is based on the current week reported data of plants of similar size and location. Imputation for live and dressed weight data for cattle and hogs is less than 10 percent and 7 percent, respectively. The imputation for calves and sheep is more frequent and variable. If no data is received electronically or by other means, for plants slaughtering fewer than 50 total head weekly of only one species, data are imputed. The imputation of head for any plant is based on the historical data for that particular plant. The imputation of head slaughtered is rare but when necessary, the imputed head kill for missing plants usually is less than 1 percent of the United States head kill totals. FI data are summarized weekly and accumulated to a monthly total for this release. These weekly totals are published by USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) in Livestock, Meat, Wool Market News, Weekly Summary, and statistics are also available on the NASS website. NFI data are summarized monthly only. Livestock slaughter estimates are based on a census of operating plants and therefore, have no sampling error. However, they may be subject to non- sampling errors such as omissions, duplications and mistakes in reporting, recording and processing the data. These errors are minimized through rigid quality controls in the computer edit program and summarization process, and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. No data are published when an individual plant's data could be divulged. If not published, as indicated with a (D), these data are still included in United States and region totals. A review of the data is made annually to determine the publishable data. Terms and Definitions Used for Livestock Slaughter Estimates Average Live Weight: The weight of the whole animal, before slaughter. Excludes post-mortem condemnations. Commercial Production: Includes slaughter and meat production in federally inspected and other plants, but excludes animals slaughtered on farms. Based on packers' dressed weights. Custom-Exempt Plants: Plants that do not sell meat but operate on a custom basis only are custom-exempt. The animals and meat are not inspected, but the facilities must meet health standards. These are considered NFI plants and head kill is included in NFI totals. Dressed Weight: The weight of a chilled animal carcass. Beef with kidney knob in; veal with hide off; lamb and mutton with pluck out; pork with leaf fat and kidneys out, jowls on and head off. Dressing Percent: Usually expressed as a percentage yield of chilled carcass in relation to the weight of the live animal on hoof. For example, a live hog that weighed 200 pounds on hoof and yielded a carcass weighing 140 pounds would have a dressing percentage of 70. Federally Inspected (FI) Plants: Plants that transport meat interstate must employ federal inspectors to assure compliance with USDA standards. Any state whose commercial plants operate entirely under federal inspection may still have custom-exempt establishments for which NFI estimates are made. Food and Meat Inspection: Includes examination, checking, or testing of a carcass and/or meat against established government standards and involves checking the facility for cleanliness, health of animals, or parts of animals and quality of the meat produced. Non-Federally Inspected (NFI) Plants: Plants which sell and transport only intrastate. State inspectors assure compliance with individual state standards for these NFI plants. Mobile slaughtering units are excluded and are considered farm slaughter. Number of Head: Includes post-mortem condemnations. Plant, Slaughter: An establishment where animals are killed and butchered. Red Meat: Red meat production is the carcass weight after slaughter excluding condemnation and is comprised of beef, veal, pork, and lamb and mutton. The FI red meat production is equal to the total carcass weight after slaughter. The NFI meat production formula is (NFI head kill) X (live weight) X (FI dressing percentage) = NFI red meat production. Slaughter: Killing and butchering of animals primarily for food. Slaughter, Farm: Animals slaughtered on farms primarily for home consumption. Excludes custom slaughter for farmers at commercial establishments, but includes mobile slaughtering on farms. These estimates appear only in the annual slaughter release. Talmedge-Aiken (TA) Plants: Slaughter plants in which USDA is responsible for inspection. However, federal inspection is carried out by State employees. These plants are considered to be federally inspected. Total Live Weight: The total weight of live animals, before slaughter. Excludes post-mortem condemnations. Wholesome Meat Act: Legislation that specifies that all meat produced for sale in the United States must be inspected. Meat that is transported interstate must be inspected in compliance with Federal (USDA) Standards. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Lorie Warren - Dairy Products, Sheep ......... (202) 690-3236 Travis Averill - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ...... (202) 720-3040 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (515) 284-4340 Everett Olbert - Dairy Products Prices ....... (202) 720-4751 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs, Goats ........... 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