Milk Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released February 16, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Milk Production" call James Hand at 202-690-3236, office hours 7:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET. January Milk Production Up 3.7 Percent Milk production in the 20 major States during January totaled 11.7 billion pounds, up 3.7 percent from production in these same States in January 1998. December revised production, at 11.5 billion pounds was up 3.7 percent from December 1997. Production per cow in the 20 major States averaged 1,523 pounds for January, 57 pounds above January 1998. The number of cows on farms in the 20 major States was 7.71 million head, 19,000 head less than January 1998 but 1,000 head more than December 1998. Da 1-1 (2-99) Milk Cows and Production: By Quarter, United States, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk Per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Quarter : : : : : : : Change : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : From : : : : : : : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head --- Pounds -- Million Pounds Percent : Jan-Mar : 9,176 4,268 39,164 Apr-Jun : 9,171 4,451 40,821 Jul-Sep : 9,149 4,210 38,519 Oct-Dec : 9,137 4,261 38,937 : Annual : 9,158 17,192 157,441 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By Month, 20 Selected States, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Per Cow 2/ : Milk Production 2/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : : : : : : : Change : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : From : : : : : : : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds ---- Million Pounds Percent : Jan : 7,728 7,709 1,466 1,523 11,327 11,742 3.7 Feb : 7,716 1,347 10,394 Mar : 7,709 1,515 11,678 Apr : 7,713 1,501 11,579 May : 7,719 1,556 12,011 Jun : 7,718 1,477 11,396 Jul : 7,709 1,468 11,314 Aug : 7,708 1,443 11,124 Sep : 7,701 1,386 10,672 Oct : 7,695 1,446 11,125 Nov : 7,697 1,407 10,829 Dec : 7,708 1,489 11,481 : Annual : 7,710 17,501 134,930 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Estimated Milk Production: United States, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : By Month : Cumulative :------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : : : Change : : : Change : 1998 : 1999 : From : 1998 : 1999 : From : : : 1998 : : : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds Percent Million Pounds Percent : Jan : 13,282 13,769 3.7 13,282 13,769 3.7 Feb : 12,188 25,470 Mar : 13,694 39,164 Apr : 13,510 52,674 May : 14,015 66,689 Jun : 13,296 79,985 Jul : 13,162 93,147 Aug : 12,942 106,089 Sep : 12,415 118,504 Oct : 12,956 131,460 Nov : 12,611 144,071 Dec : 13,370 157,441 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milk Cows and Production: By State, January 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Per Cow 2/ : Milk Production 2/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Month : : : : : : : Change : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : From : : : : : : : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds --- Million Pounds Percent : AZ : 130 132 1,800 1,910 234 252 7.7 CA : 1,402 1,442 1,670 1,690 2,341 2,437 4.1 FL : 160 158 1,375 1,380 220 218 -0.9 ID : 283 302 1,640 1,640 464 495 6.7 IL : 130 125 1,400 1,430 182 179 -1.6 IN : 135 137 1,370 1,380 185 189 2.2 IA : 225 230 1,440 1,515 324 348 7.4 KY : 145 135 1,035 1,075 150 145 -3.3 MI : 298 301 1,480 1,545 441 465 5.4 MN : 555 545 1,420 1,510 788 823 4.4 MO : 175 165 1,155 1,240 202 205 1.5 NM : 216 218 1,510 1,725 326 376 15.3 NY : 700 702 1,380 1,440 966 1,011 4.7 OH : 265 260 1,430 1,440 379 374 -1.3 PA : 625 617 1,495 1,475 934 910 -2.6 TX : 368 340 1,340 1,470 493 500 1.4 VT : 163 162 1,385 1,445 226 234 3.5 VA : 125 122 1,295 1,285 162 157 -3.1 WA : 250 248 1,745 1,860 436 461 5.7 WI : 1,378 1,368 1,360 1,435 1,874 1,963 4.7 : 20-State : Total : 7,728 7,709 1,466 1,523 11,327 11,742 3.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By State, December 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : Change : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : From : : : : : : : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds --- Million Pounds Percent : AZ : 130 132 1,710 1,795 222 237 6.8 CA : 1,400 1,439 1,645 1,650 2,303 2,374 3.1 FL : 160 157 1,315 1,320 210 207 -1.4 ID : 280 301 1,620 1,660 454 500 10.1 IL : 130 125 1,380 1,420 179 178 -0.6 IN : 135 137 1,375 1,390 186 190 2.2 IA : 225 230 1,395 1,505 314 346 10.2 KY : 145 136 985 1,030 143 140 -2.1 MI : 301 299 1,473 1,525 443 456 2.9 MN : 560 545 1,365 1,475 764 804 5.2 MO : 175 165 1,080 1,200 189 198 4.8 NM : 212 218 1,595 1,715 338 374 10.7 NY : 700 702 1,360 1,400 952 983 3.3 OH : 266 261 1,375 1,400 366 365 -0.3 PA : 625 619 1,430 1,435 894 888 -0.7 TX : 370 340 1,280 1,400 474 476 0.4 VT : 162 162 1,360 1,420 220 230 4.5 VA : 125 122 1,290 1,270 161 155 -3.7 WA : 250 248 1,720 1,805 430 448 4.2 WI : 1,382 1,370 1,325 1,410 1,831 1,932 5.5 : 20-State : Total : 7,733 7,708 1,432 1,489 11,073 11,481 3.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 1998 revised. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: United States, 1989-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production per Cow : Milk Production : : 3/ : 3/ Year : Milk Cows 2/ :---------------------------------------------- : : Milk : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head Pounds Million Pounds : 1989 : 10,046 14,323 143,893 1990 : 9,993 14,782 147,721 1991 : 9,826 15,031 147,697 1992 : 9,688 15,570 150,847 1993 : 9,581 15,722 150,636 1994 : 9,494 16,179 153,602 1995 : 9,466 16,405 155,292 1996 : 9,372 16,433 154,006 1997 : 9,252 16,871 156,091 1998 : 9,158 17,192 157,441 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Per Cow 2/ : Milk Production 2/ : Change State :-------------------------------------------------------------: From : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds ---- Million Pounds Percent : AL : 31 28 13,484 13,786 418 386 -7.7 AK : 0.9 0.9 16,667 15,922 15.00 14.33 -4.5 AZ : 127 131 20,976 20,458 2,664 2,680 0.6 AR : 53 49 11,981 13,041 635 639 0.6 CA : 1,391 1,420 19,829 19,442 27,582 27,607 0.1 CO : 84 83 19,988 20,349 1,679 1,689 0.6 CT : 30 30 16,967 17,633 509 529 3.9 DE : 10.0 11.0 14,800 14,827 148.0 163.1 10.2 FL : 160 160 15,475 14,588 2,476 2,334 -5.7 GA : 97 93 15,340 15,452 1,488 1,437 -3.4 HI : 9.1 8.9 13,516 14,494 123 129 4.9 ID : 272 292 19,092 19,743 5,193 5,765 11.0 IL : 133 128 16,564 16,570 2,203 2,121 -3.7 IN : 137 136 15,978 16,154 2,189 2,197 0.4 IA : 230 223 16,057 17,188 3,693 3,833 3.8 KS : 81 82 15,864 15,915 1,285 1,305 1.6 KY : 148 140 12,264 12,214 1,815 1,710 -5.8 LA : 66 63 12,030 11,921 794 751 -5.4 ME : 41 41 16,146 16,585 662 680 2.7 MD : 86 86 15,419 15,581 1,326 1,340 1.1 MA : 26 26 16,692 16,846 434 438 0.9 MI : 306 300 17,680 17,970 5,410 5,391 -0.4 MN : 569 551 16,186 16,833 9,210 9,275 0.7 MS : 47 42 13,489 13,786 634 579 -8.7 MO : 177 170 13,345 13,924 2,362 2,367 0.2 MT : 19 18 15,526 16,167 295 291 -1.4 NE : 69 70 15,072 15,000 1,040 1,050 1.0 NV : 26 25 18,346 18,640 477 466 -2.3 NH : 20 20 16,400 16,700 328 334 1.8 NJ : 21 19 14,238 15,368 299 292 -2.3 NM : 202 217 19,856 20,065 4,011 4,354 8.6 NY : 699 701 16,495 16,748 11,530 11,740 1.8 NC : 79 75 16,506 16,800 1,304 1,260 -3.4 ND : 56 51 12,732 13,843 713 706 -1.0 OH : 270 264 16,352 16,629 4,415 4,390 -0.6 OK : 92 92 13,576 13,435 1,249 1,236 -1.0 OR : 90 89 17,889 17,787 1,610 1,583 -1.7 PA : 629 623 16,951 17,411 10,662 10,847 1.7 RI : 2.0 2.1 15,950 15,714 31.9 33.0 3.4 SC : 26 25 15,269 14,960 397 374 -5.8 SD : 105 102 13,181 14,069 1,384 1,435 3.7 TN : 113 105 14,239 14,295 1,609 1,501 -6.7 TX : 378 352 15,259 15,923 5,768 5,605 -2.8 UT : 91 90 16,923 16,811 1,540 1,513 -1.8 VT : 160 161 16,250 16,801 2,600 2,705 4.0 VA : 125 124 14,864 14,847 1,858 1,841 -0.9 WA : 253 248 20,968 21,476 5,305 5,326 0.4 WV : 18 18 14,778 15,444 266 278 4.5 WI : 1,393 1,369 16,057 16,685 22,368 22,842 2.1 WY : 6.6 6.1 12,697 13,082 83.8 79.8 -4.8 : US 3/ : 9,252 9,158 16,871 17,192 156,091 157,441 0.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Milk Cows: Number by Month, State, and 20 State Total, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head : AZ : 122 123 125 127 128 128 CA : 1,382 1,384 1,385 1,387 1,389 1,390 FL : 159 160 162 162 162 161 ID : 268 267 264 265 268 269 IL : 135 134 134 133 133 133 IN : 140 139 139 138 138 137 IA : 235 234 233 232 231 230 KY : 150 150 149 148 148 148 MI : 311 310 306 306 308 310 MN : 580 575 575 575 570 570 MO : 180 179 179 179 178 177 NM : 197 197 199 199 200 200 NY : 700 700 700 698 698 698 OH : 275 274 274 273 272 271 PA : 632 632 631 631 630 629 TX : 390 387 385 382 380 378 VT : 159 159 158 159 160 161 VA : 125 124 124 125 125 124 WA : 255 255 254 254 255 254 WI : 1,408 1,404 1,400 1,395 1,393 1,392 : 20-Sts : 7,803 7,787 7,776 7,768 7,766 7,760 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Avg. 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 128 128 129 130 130 130 127 CA : 1,391 1,392 1,394 1,395 1,397 1,400 1,391 FL : 161 160 159 159 159 160 160 ID : 273 276 278 278 280 280 272 IL : 133 132 131 131 131 130 133 IN : 137 137 136 136 135 135 137 IA : 229 228 227 226 226 225 230 KY : 148 147 147 147 146 145 148 MI : 309 308 304 303 301 301 306 MN : 570 570 565 560 560 560 569 MO : 177 177 176 176 176 175 177 NM : 201 203 205 207 209 212 202 NY : 698 698 697 699 699 700 699 OH : 270 269 268 267 266 266 270 PA : 628 627 627 626 625 625 629 TX : 376 374 373 371 371 370 378 VT : 160 161 162 161 162 162 160 VA : 124 124 125 125 125 125 125 WA : 253 252 252 251 251 250 253 WI : 1,392 1,390 1,390 1,388 1,385 1,382 1,393 : 2O-Sts : 7,758 7,753 7,745 7,736 7,734 7,733 7,760 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Cows: Number by Month, State, and 20 State Total, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head : AZ : 130 130 130 130 130 131 CA : 1,402 1,405 1,408 1,410 1,414 1,417 FL : 160 160 162 162 162 160 ID : 283 283 283 288 293 293 IL : 130 129 129 129 128 128 IN : 135 134 134 136 137 137 IA : 225 224 224 223 223 222 KY : 145 143 141 141 141 141 MI : 298 296 297 298 299 303 MN : 555 555 555 555 555 555 MO : 175 175 174 173 172 171 NM : 216 216 216 216 217 217 NY : 700 698 697 700 701 701 OH : 265 265 265 265 265 264 PA : 625 625 624 624 623 623 TX : 368 365 362 359 356 353 VT : 163 162 161 162 162 162 VA : 125 125 125 125 125 125 WA : 250 250 249 249 248 247 WI : 1,378 1,376 1,373 1,368 1,368 1,368 : 20-Sts : 7,728 7,716 7,709 7,713 7,719 7,718 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Avg. 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 132 132 132 132 132 132 131 CA : 1,421 1,426 1,429 1,432 1,436 1,439 1,420 FL : 159 159 158 158 158 157 160 ID : 294 296 296 298 299 301 292 IL : 127 127 127 126 126 125 128 IN : 136 135 136 137 138 137 136 IA : 222 222 222 221 221 230 223 KY : 141 140 134 137 136 136 140 MI : 305 304 301 300 298 299 300 MN : 550 550 550 545 545 545 551 MO : 170 169 168 167 166 165 170 NM : 217 218 219 219 218 218 217 NY : 700 701 702 702 702 702 701 OH : 264 263 263 262 262 261 264 PA : 623 623 623 621 620 619 623 TX : 350 347 344 342 341 340 352 VT : 161 160 161 160 161 162 161 VA : 124 123 123 123 123 122 124 WA : 247 247 247 247 247 248 248 WI : 1,366 1,366 1,366 1,366 1,368 1,370 1,369 : 20-Sts : 7,709 7,708 7,701 7,695 7,697 7,708 7,710 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Produced per Cow: By Month, State, and 20 States, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Pounds : AZ : 1,965 1,855 2,095 1,985 1,920 1,760 CA : 1,575 1,465 1,705 1,700 1,740 1,665 FL : 1,520 1,445 1,530 1,455 1,430 1,265 ID : 1,500 1,360 1,550 1,560 1,670 1,660 IL : 1,390 1,270 1,490 1,480 1,480 1,390 IN : 1,320 1,195 1,330 1,325 1,400 1,360 IA : 1,340 1,195 1,375 1,335 1,385 1,350 KY : 1,055 965 1,100 1,120 1,155 1,020 MI : 1,480 1,370 1,520 1,485 1,540 1,490 MN : 1,375 1,280 1,420 1,370 1,450 1,415 MO : 1,144 1,022 1,190 1,235 1,275 1,147 NM : 1,675 1,555 1,735 1,705 1,760 1,695 NY : 1,370 1,260 1,420 1,400 1,465 1,435 OH : 1,375 1,295 1,420 1,390 1,460 1,385 PA : 1,400 1,315 1,470 1,450 1,495 1,430 TX : 1,390 1,305 1,460 1,415 1,400 1,245 VT : 1,350 1,250 1,400 1,360 1,405 1,390 VA : 1,270 1,175 1,317 1,280 1,315 1,220 WA : 1,720 1,590 1,800 1,780 1,845 1,795 WI : 1,315 1,210 1,355 1,330 1,420 1,410 : 20-Sts : 1,426 1,321 1,492 1,469 1,524 1,466 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Avg. :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 1,655 1,460 1,395 1,555 1,600 1,710 20,976 CA : 1,715 1,700 1,620 1,685 1,620 1,645 19,829 FL : 1,160 1,040 1,005 1,105 1,160 1,315 15,475 ID : 1,710 1,690 1,590 1,610 1,550 1,620 19,092 IL : 1,380 1,380 1,320 1,340 1,310 1,380 16,564 IN : 1,355 1,330 1,315 1,345 1,295 1,375 15,978 IA : 1,365 1,355 1,320 1,345 1,315 1,395 16,057 KY : 1,000 1,010 960 975 940 985 12,264 MI : 1,490 1,500 1,430 1,465 1,415 1,473 17,680 MN : 1,385 1,315 1,250 1,295 1,255 1,365 16,186 MO : 1,096 1,051 1,006 1,045 1,017 1,080 13,345 NM : 1,710 1,650 1,555 1,625 1,570 1,595 19,856 NY : 1,425 1,400 1,330 1,345 1,290 1,360 16,495 OH : 1,375 1,350 1,290 1,325 1,285 1,375 16,352 PA : 1,420 1,410 1,360 1,410 1,370 1,430 16,951 TX : 1,165 1,120 1,095 1,180 1,180 1,280 15,259 VT : 1,400 1,390 1,310 1,320 1,280 1,360 16,250 VA : 1,200 1,215 1,190 1,230 1,210 1,290 14,864 WA : 1,850 1,790 1,710 1,730 1,640 1,720 20,968 WI : 1,415 1,400 1,305 1,320 1,250 1,325 16,057 : 20-Sts : 1,466 1,439 1,370 1,412 1,363 1,432 17,180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Produced per Cow: By Month, State, and 20 States, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Pounds : AZ : 1,800 1,660 1,885 1,885 1,945 1,780 CA : 1,670 1,480 1,665 1,640 1,720 1,635 FL : 1,375 1,300 1,415 1,375 1,350 1,170 ID : 1,640 1,490 1,660 1,620 1,680 1,660 IL : 1,400 1,310 1,510 1,490 1,510 1,360 IN : 1,370 1,260 1,430 1,410 1,420 1,340 IA : 1,440 1,320 1,472 1,465 1,520 1,433 KY : 1,035 965 1,105 1,135 1,115 1,000 MI : 1,480 1,370 1,530 1,495 1,560 1,515 MN : 1,420 1,320 1,465 1,435 1,490 1,425 MO : 1,155 1,090 1,240 1,305 1,285 1,135 NM : 1,510 1,480 1,705 1,720 1,795 1,755 NY : 1,380 1,280 1,440 1,420 1,490 1,430 OH : 1,430 1,310 1,460 1,470 1,485 1,420 PA : 1,495 1,365 1,535 1,530 1,550 1,435 TX : 1,340 1,290 1,475 1,490 1,480 1,320 VT : 1,385 1,285 1,430 1,405 1,480 1,420 VA : 1,295 1,175 1,345 1,320 1,310 1,185 WA : 1,745 1,605 1,805 1,790 1,885 1,835 WI : 1,360 1,255 1,410 1,395 1,480 1,435 : 20-Sts : 1,466 1,347 1,515 1,501 1,556 1,477 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec : Avg. :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 1,530 1,410 1,440 1,650 1,675 1,795 20,458 CA : 1,625 1,590 1,530 1,650 1,590 1,650 19,442 FL : 1,140 1,040 990 1,030 1,115 1,320 14,588 ID : 1,700 1,720 1,630 1,660 1,600 1,660 19,743 IL : 1,320 1,320 1,280 1,340 1,350 1,420 16,570 IN : 1,350 1,320 1,260 1,300 1,300 1,390 16,154 IA : 1,425 1,403 1,350 1,420 1,410 1,505 17,188 KY : 980 985 955 970 965 1,030 12,214 MI : 1,540 1,535 1,460 1,505 1,460 1,525 17,970 MN : 1,400 1,360 1,305 1,375 1,355 1,475 16,833 MO : 1,105 1,055 1,060 1,125 1,125 1,200 13,924 NM : 1,730 1,710 1,625 1,680 1,610 1,715 20,065 NY : 1,450 1,420 1,350 1,380 1,320 1,400 16,748 OH : 1,350 1,350 1,310 1,350 1,310 1,400 16,629 PA : 1,460 1,435 1,380 1,415 1,380 1,435 17,411 TX : 1,215 1,195 1,145 1,260 1,285 1,400 15,923 VT : 1,430 1,420 1,365 1,380 1,335 1,420 16,801 VA : 1,185 1,210 1,155 1,205 1,185 1,270 14,847 WA : 1,845 1,840 1,775 1,815 1,740 1,805 21,476 WI : 1,445 1,425 1,360 1,380 1,325 1,410 16,685 : 20-Sts : 1,468 1,443 1,386 1,446 1,407 1,489 17,501 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Production: Total by Month, State, and 20 States, 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AZ : 240 228 262 252 246 225 CA : 2,177 2,028 2,361 2,358 2,417 2,314 FL : 242 231 248 236 232 204 ID : 402 363 409 413 448 447 IL : 188 170 200 197 197 185 IN : 185 166 185 183 193 186 IA : 315 280 320 310 320 311 KY : 158 145 164 166 171 151 MI : 460 425 465 454 474 462 MN : 798 736 817 788 827 807 MO : 206 183 213 221 227 203 NM : 330 306 345 339 352 339 NY : 959 882 994 977 1,023 1,002 OH : 378 355 389 379 397 375 PA : 885 831 928 915 942 899 TX : 542 505 562 541 532 471 VT : 215 199 221 216 225 224 VA : 159 146 163 160 164 151 WA : 439 405 457 452 470 456 WI : 1,852 1,699 1,897 1,855 1,978 1,963 : 20-Sts : 11,130 10,283 11,600 11,412 11,835 11,375 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Total 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 212 187 180 202 208 222 2,664 CA : 2,386 2,366 2,258 2,351 2,263 2,303 27,582 FL : 187 166 160 176 184 210 2,476 ID : 467 466 442 448 434 454 5,193 IL : 184 182 173 176 172 179 2,203 IN : 186 182 179 183 175 186 2,189 IA : 313 309 300 304 297 314 3,693 KY : 148 148 141 143 137 143 1,815 MI : 460 462 435 444 426 443 5,410 MN : 789 750 706 725 703 764 9,210 MO : 194 186 177 184 179 189 2,362 NM : 344 335 319 336 328 338 4,011 NY : 995 977 927 940 902 952 11,530 OH : 371 363 346 354 342 366 4,415 PA : 892 884 853 883 856 894 10,662 TX : 438 419 408 438 438 474 5,768 VT : 224 224 212 213 207 220 2,600 VA : 149 151 149 154 151 161 1,858 WA : 468 451 431 434 412 430 5,305 WI : 1,970 1,946 1,814 1,832 1,731 1,831 22,368 : 20-Sts : 11,377 11,154 10,610 10,920 10,545 11,073 133,314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 2/ Total milk production for year. Milk Production: Total by Month, State, and 20 States, 1998 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Pounds : AZ : 234 216 245 245 253 233 CA : 2,341 2,079 2,344 2,312 2,432 2,317 FL : 220 208 229 223 219 187 ID : 464 422 470 467 492 486 IL : 182 169 195 192 193 174 IN : 185 169 192 192 195 184 IA : 324 296 330 327 339 318 KY : 150 138 156 160 157 141 MI : 441 406 454 446 466 459 MN : 788 733 813 796 827 791 MO : 202 191 216 226 221 194 NM : 326 320 368 372 390 381 NY : 966 893 1,004 994 1,044 1,002 OH : 379 347 387 390 394 375 PA : 934 853 958 955 966 894 TX : 493 471 534 535 527 466 VT : 226 208 230 228 240 230 VA : 162 147 168 165 164 148 WA : 436 401 449 446 467 453 WI : 1,874 1,727 1,936 1,908 2,025 1,963 : 20-Sts : 11,327 10,394 11,678 11,579 12,011 11,396 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov : Dec :Total 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- : AZ : 202 186 190 218 221 237 2,680 CA : 2,309 2,267 2,186 2,363 2,283 2,374 27,607 FL : 181 165 156 163 176 207 2,334 ID : 500 509 482 495 478 500 5,765 IL : 168 168 163 169 170 178 2,121 IN : 184 178 171 178 179 190 2,197 IA : 316 311 300 314 312 346 3,833 KY : 138 138 128 133 131 140 1,710 MI : 470 467 439 452 435 456 5,391 MN : 770 748 718 749 738 804 9,275 MO : 188 178 178 188 187 198 2,367 NM : 375 373 356 368 351 374 4,354 NY : 1,015 995 948 969 927 983 11,740 OH : 356 355 345 354 343 365 4,390 PA : 910 894 860 879 856 888 10,847 TX : 425 415 394 431 438 476 5,605 VT : 230 227 220 221 215 230 2,705 VA : 147 149 142 148 146 155 1,841 WA : 456 454 438 448 430 448 5,326 WI : 1,974 1,947 1,858 1,885 1,813 1,932 22,842 : 20-Sts : 11,314 11,124 10,672 11,125 10,829 11,481 134,930 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 2/ Total milk production for year. Milk Cows and Production: Number and Milk Produced by Quarter, State, and United States, 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Jan-Mar :Apr-Jun :Jul-Sep :Oct-Dec :Jan-Mar :Apr-Jun :Jul-Sep :Oct-Dec -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- --------- Million Pounds -------- : AL : 31 31 31 29 117 113 88 100 AK : 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 3.47 3.77 3.96 3.80 AZ : 123 128 128 130 730 723 579 632 AR : 54 53 52 51 170 164 151 150 CA : 1,384 1,389 1,392 1,397 6,566 7,089 7,010 6,917 CO : 85 85 84 83 426 438 420 395 CT : 29 29 30 30 127 129 125 128 DE : 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 38.3 38.5 34.4 36.8 FL : 160 162 160 159 721 672 513 570 GA : 97 97 96 96 412 395 324 357 HI : 9.5 9.1 8.9 8.9 32.2 33.2 29.9 27.7 ID : 266 267 276 279 1,174 1,308 1,375 1,336 IL : 134 133 132 131 558 579 539 527 IN : 139 138 137 135 536 562 547 544 IA : 234 231 228 226 915 941 922 915 KS : 82 82 81 80 330 340 300 315 KY : 150 148 147 146 467 488 437 423 LA : 68 67 65 65 224 216 170 184 ME : 40 41 41 41 162 170 169 161 MD : 86 86 86 86 335 340 320 331 MA : 26 27 26 26 108 113 108 105 MI : 309 308 307 302 1,350 1,390 1,357 1,313 MN : 577 572 568 560 2,351 2,422 2,245 2,192 MS : 48 47 47 44 183 174 135 142 MO : 179 178 177 176 602 651 557 552 MT : 19 19 19 18 74 76 75 70 NE : 69 70 69 69 257 262 260 261 NV : 26 26 26 26 115 120 120 122 NH : 20 20 20 20 83 84 81 80 NJ : 21 21 20 20 76 79 73 71 NM : 198 200 203 209 981 1,030 998 1,002 NY : 700 698 698 699 2,835 3,002 2,899 2,794 NC : 79 79 78 78 333 346 307 318 ND : 59 57 54 53 183 188 175 167 OH : 274 272 269 266 1,122 1,151 1,080 1,062 OK : 93 93 92 91 321 319 302 307 OR : 92 91 89 88 391 418 413 388 PA : 632 630 627 625 2,644 2,756 2,629 2,633 RI : 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 8.2 8.5 7.6 7.6 SC : 26 26 26 25 111 106 86 94 SD : 106 106 104 102 339 357 350 338 TN : 115 114 112 110 426 426 377 380 TX : 387 380 374 371 1,609 1,544 1,265 1,350 UT : 92 93 91 89 374 406 394 366 VT : 159 160 161 162 635 665 660 640 VA : 124 125 124 125 468 475 449 466 WA : 255 254 252 251 1,301 1,378 1,350 1,276 WV : 19 18 18 18 65 67 66 68 WI : 1,404 1,393 1,391 1,385 5,448 5,796 5,730 5,394 WY : 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.4 21.4 22.1 21.1 19.2 : US 3/ : 9,299 9,273 9,236 9,200 38,859 40,574 38,627 38,031 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Milk Cows and Production: Number and Milk Produced by Quarter, State, and United States, 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :Jan-Mar :Apr-Jun :Jul-Sep :Oct-Dec :Jan-Mar :Apr-Jun :Jul-Sep :Oct-Dec -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- --------- Million Pounds -------- : AL : 28 28 27 27 109 104 81 92 AK : 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 3.52 3.67 3.63 3.51 AZ : 130 130 132 132 695 731 578 676 AR : 51 49 48 46 164 167 154 154 CA : 1,405 1,414 1,425 1,436 6,764 7,061 6,762 7,020 CO : 83 83 83 83 407 432 429 421 CT : 30 30 30 30 136 136 128 129 DE : 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 44.0 44.4 37.4 37.3 FL : 161 161 159 158 657 629 502 546 GA : 95 95 93 90 403 381 310 343 HI : 9.0 8.8 8.8 8.8 31.5 35.7 32.3 29.5 ID : 283 291 295 299 1,356 1,445 1,491 1,473 IL : 129 128 127 126 546 559 499 517 IN : 134 137 136 137 546 571 533 547 IA : 224 223 222 224 950 984 927 972 KS : 80 81 82 83 335 345 305 320 KY : 143 141 138 136 444 458 404 404 LA : 64 63 63 63 216 203 156 176 ME : 40 41 42 42 165 173 176 166 MD : 87 86 86 86 348 348 324 320 MA : 26 26 26 25 109 112 111 106 MI : 297 300 303 299 1,301 1,371 1,376 1,343 MN : 555 555 550 545 2,334 2,414 2,236 2,291 MS : 43 42 41 41 169 157 121 132 MO : 175 172 169 166 609 641 544 573 MT : 18 18 18 18 72 74 72 73 NE : 70 69 69 70 259 263 262 266 NV : 25 25 25 25 113 120 118 115 NH : 19 20 21 20 83 87 85 79 NJ : 19 19 19 19 75 75 72 70 NM : 216 217 218 218 1,014 1,143 1,104 1,093 NY : 698 701 701 702 2,863 3,040 2,958 2,879 NC : 77 76 74 73 332 325 291 312 ND : 53 52 50 50 179 181 174 172 OH : 265 265 263 262 1,113 1,159 1,056 1,062 OK : 92 92 92 92 322 316 294 304 OR : 88 89 89 88 384 404 401 394 PA : 625 623 623 620 2,745 2,815 2,664 2,623 RI : 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 8.3 8.6 8.3 7.8 SC : 25 25 24 24 105 100 81 88 SD : 102 102 102 102 341 362 366 366 TN : 108 106 103 101 401 399 344 357 TX : 365 356 347 341 1,498 1,528 1,234 1,345 UT : 88 90 90 93 361 388 383 381 VT : 162 162 161 161 664 698 677 666 VA : 125 125 123 123 477 477 438 449 WA : 250 248 247 247 1,286 1,366 1,348 1,326 WV : 18 18 18 18 71 70 69 68 WI : 1,376 1,368 1,366 1,368 5,537 5,896 5,779 5,630 WY : 6.2 6.1 6.0 5.9 19.2 20.7 20.4 19.5 : US 3/ : 9,176 9,171 9,149 9,137 39,164 40,821 38,519 38,937 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Milk Cows: Number of Operations by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations with Milk Cows State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 450 380 AK : 30 30 AZ : 250 250 AR : 1,300 1,200 CA : 2,800 2,700 CO : 900 900 CT : 350 350 DE : 130 130 FL : 650 650 GA : 1,000 950 HI : 50 50 ID : 1,400 1,300 IL : 2,400 2,300 IN : 3,400 3,300 IA : 4,500 4,300 KS : 1,500 1,400 KY : 3,600 3,400 LA : 900 800 ME : 700 700 MD : 1,100 1,100 MA : 450 450 MI : 4,200 4,000 MN : 10,500 9,700 MS : 650 600 MO : 4,500 4,300 MT : 750 700 NE : 1,500 1,400 NV : 150 150 NH : 300 300 NJ : 350 300 NM : 600 500 NY : 9,000 8,700 NC : 1,200 1,100 ND : 1,300 1,200 OH : 6,000 5,500 OK : 2,200 2,100 OR : 1,100 1,000 PA : 11,300 10,900 RI : 40 40 SC : 350 300 SD : 2,000 1,800 TN : 2,100 2,000 TX : 3,500 3,200 UT : 900 900 VT : 2,000 1,900 VA : 1,800 1,800 WA : 1,400 1,300 WV : 800 800 WI : 25,000 23,000 WY : 350 300 : US : 123,700 116,430 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more milk cows, excluding cows used to nurse calves, on hand at any time during the year. Milk Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-29 Head : 30-49 Head : 50-99 Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AZ : 130 130 10 10 CA : 500 420 90 90 120 110 CO : 610 600 40 30 50 50 FL : 400 400 10 10 30 32 GA : 520 500 20 20 120 100 ID : 400 350 160 140 270 250 IL : 530 500 500 460 1,000 960 IN : 1,900 1,900 550 520 630 560 IA : 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,500 1,400 KY : 1,600 1,500 700 670 940 900 MD : 220 230 180 180 425 420 MI : 1,100 950 900 900 1,100 1,100 MN : 1,900 1,600 3,800 3,500 3,700 3,500 MO : 1,900 1,900 830 780 1,100 990 NM : 440 350 10 5 NY : 1,700 1,600 1,900 1,800 3,600 3,500 NC : 600 530 65 60 210 200 OH : 3,100 2,600 800 830 1,400 1,400 OR : 590 550 40 30 140 110 PA : 2,400 2,200 3,800 3,700 3,800 3,700 TN : 1,000 950 260 210 440 440 TX : 1,600 1,500 200 200 400 400 UT : 320 340 70 60 165 165 VT : 200 190 410 320 920 900 VA : 770 750 90 100 440 450 WA : 540 450 70 45 130 145 WI : 4,600 4,300 8,500 7,300 9,400 8,900 : Oth Sts : 8,200 7,200 2,100 2,000 3,800 3,580 : US : 39,070 35,690 27,285 25,155 35,850 34,277 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Milk Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 100-199 Head : 200-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AZ : 10 10 20 20 80 80 CA : 290 270 750 750 1,050 1,060 CO : 70 80 80 90 50 50 FL : 40 38 75 75 95 95 GA : 200 190 110 110 30 30 ID : 250 240 190 180 130 140 IL : 320 330 50 50 IN : 260 270 50 40 10 10 IA : 420 390 75 105 5 5 KY : 300 280 55 45 5 5 MD : 220 220 49 45 6 5 MI : 850 810 215 205 35 35 MN : 850 800 230 260 20 40 MO : 600 570 70 60 NM : 10 10 20 20 120 115 NY : 1,300 1,300 400 390 100 110 NC : 230 220 80 75 15 15 OH : 580 550 110 110 10 10 OR : 200 170 100 110 30 30 PA : 1,100 1,050 190 235 10 15 TN : 300 300 90 90 10 10 TX : 600 500 500 400 200 200 UT : 210 190 110 120 25 25 VT : 350 350 100 115 20 25 VA : 390 380 100 110 10 10 WA : 290 280 250 255 120 125 WI : 2,000 1,950 450 490 50 60 : Oth Sts : 1,800 2,000 600 590 100 110 : US : 14,040 13,748 5,119 5,145 2,336 2,415 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more milk cows, excluding cows used to nurse calves, on hand at any time during the year. Milk Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-29 Head : 30-49 Head : 50-99 Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 CA : 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 CO : 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.4 4.2 4.2 FL : 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.5 GA : 2.1 3.0 0.9 1.0 10.0 8.0 ID : 0.9 0.7 2.1 1.8 6.0 5.5 IL : 4.0 4.0 12.0 11.0 46.0 46.0 IN : 14.0 14.0 17.0 18.0 33.0 31.0 IA : 8.0 8.0 18.0 18.0 40.0 38.0 KY : 8.0 8.0 17.0 18.0 40.0 40.0 MD : 2.5 2.5 7.5 6.9 35.0 36.0 MI : 5.0 4.5 11.0 10.5 24.0 25.0 MN : 6.0 5.8 24.0 22.0 40.0 40.0 MO : 6.1 7.0 15.0 16.0 34.0 33.0 NM : 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 NY : 2.5 2.5 10.5 10.5 35.0 34.0 NC : 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 17.0 17.0 OH : 12.0 11.0 12.0 12.5 37.0 36.0 OR : 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.3 12.0 9.7 PA : 5.5 4.5 25.0 25.0 37.0 37.0 TN : 2.7 3.0 7.3 6.4 28.0 28.0 TX : 0.8 0.8 1.8 2.0 8.4 8.2 UT : 1.3 1.5 2.7 2.5 13.0 13.0 VT : 1.2 1.0 11.0 8.0 35.0 35.0 VA : 5.0 6.0 3.0 3.0 27.0 26.0 WA : 0.6 0.4 1.1 0.7 3.3 3.9 WI : 4.5 4.8 24.0 21.0 43.0 43.0 : Oth Sts : 3.5 3.5 8.5 7.7 31.0 29.5 : US : 3.5 3.6 11.5 10.1 26.0 26.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Milk Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 100-199 Head : 200-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 1.5 1.4 5.6 5.7 92.0 92.0 CA : 3.4 3.4 16.5 17.5 79.0 78.0 CO : 11.0 12.0 28.0 30.0 53.0 51.0 FL : 4.0 3.8 17.0 15.0 77.0 79.0 GA : 29.0 28.0 29.0 31.0 29.0 29.0 ID : 12.0 12.0 19.0 19.0 60.0 61.0 IL : 28.0 29.0 10.0 10.0 IN : 24.0 25.0 8.0 7.0 4.0 5.0 IA : 23.0 22.0 9.0 12.0 2.0 2.0 KY : 25.0 24.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 MD : 34.0 34.0 13.0 13.0 8.0 7.6 MI : 33.0 32.0 17.0 18.0 10.0 10.0 MN : 17.0 16.0 11.0 12.0 2.0 4.2 MO : 36.0 36.0 8.9 8.0 NM : 0.7 0.7 3.2 2.7 95.0 96.0 NY : 27.0 26.0 14.0 15.0 11.0 12.0 NC : 38.0 37.0 27.0 27.0 14.0 15.0 OH : 26.0 27.0 10.5 11.0 2.5 2.5 OR : 28.0 25.0 30.0 34.0 27.0 29.0 PA : 23.0 22.0 8.0 9.5 1.5 2.0 TN : 36.0 37.0 21.0 20.0 5.0 5.6 TX : 22.0 20.0 28.0 29.0 39.0 40.0 UT : 29.0 26.0 35.0 37.0 19.0 20.0 VT : 27.0 26.0 17.0 20.0 8.8 10.0 VA : 39.0 38.0 21.0 22.0 5.0 5.0 WA : 18.0 16.0 31.0 32.0 46.0 47.0 WI : 18.0 18.0 7.7 10.0 2.8 3.2 : Oth Sts : 23.0 25.0 24.0 22.8 10.0 11.5 : US : 20.0 20.0 14.6 15.0 24.4 25.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Percents reflect average distributions of various probability surveys conducted during the year but are based primarily on beginning-of-year and mid-year surveys. Milk Production: Percent of Production by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1-29 Head : 30-49 Head : 50-99 Head State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 CA : 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 CO : 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 FL : 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.7 1.9 GA : 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 6.0 ID : 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.0 5.0 4.5 IL : 3.0 2.0 10.0 10.0 46.0 46.0 IN : 12.0 12.0 15.0 15.0 36.0 34.0 IA : 4.4 3.5 18.0 16.0 40.0 38.0 KY : 6.0 6.0 15.0 16.0 40.0 39.0 MD : 2.2 2.2 4.8 4.8 34.0 34.0 MI : 3.0 3.0 8.0 8.0 23.0 23.0 MN : 4.4 4.2 21.0 19.0 41.0 41.0 MO : 6.0 5.5 14.0 11.5 29.0 34.0 NM : 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 NY : 1.5 1.5 9.5 9.5 31.0 30.0 NC : 0.3 0.3 1.7 1.7 16.0 15.0 OH : 9.0 8.0 11.0 10.0 37.0 36.0 OR : 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 11.0 6.0 PA : 4.0 4.0 20.0 21.0 41.0 39.0 TN : 2.0 1.7 5.8 5.1 26.0 27.0 TX : 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.8 6.0 6.0 UT : 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 10.0 10.0 VT : 1.0 1.0 10.0 8.0 36.0 35.0 VA : 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 25.0 28.0 WA : 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 2.8 3.8 WI : 3.5 3.1 22.0 21.0 42.0 41.0 : Oth Sts : 2.5 2.3 6.5 7.1 29.0 25.4 : US : 2.4 2.1 9.5 7.1 23.4 24.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milk Production: Percent of Production by Size Groups, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 100-199 Head : 200-499 Head : 500+ Head State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 0.9 0.8 5.7 5.8 93.0 93.0 CA : 3.2 3.1 17.0 18.0 79.0 78.0 CO : 10.0 11.0 30.0 30.0 55.0 54.0 FL : 2.9 2.9 15.0 14.0 80.0 81.0 GA : 28.0 27.0 31.0 33.0 31.0 32.0 ID : 11.0 10.0 18.0 18.0 64.0 66.0 IL : 30.0 31.0 11.0 11.0 IN : 23.0 25.0 9.0 8.0 5.0 6.0 IA : 25.0 24.0 10.0 16.0 2.6 2.5 KY : 28.0 27.0 9.0 10.0 2.0 2.0 MD : 37.0 37.0 14.0 14.0 8.0 8.0 MI : 33.0 33.0 20.0 21.0 13.0 12.0 MN : 19.0 18.0 12.0 12.0 2.6 5.8 MO : 41.0 39.0 10.0 10.0 NM : 0.6 0.6 2.0 2.0 97.0 97.0 NY : 29.0 29.0 16.0 17.0 13.0 13.0 NC : 41.0 42.0 26.0 26.0 15.0 15.0 OH : 28.0 29.0 12.0 13.0 3.0 4.0 OR : 27.0 25.0 32.0 35.0 28.0 32.0 PA : 23.0 22.0 10.0 11.0 2.0 3.0 TN : 37.0 39.0 23.0 21.0 6.2 6.2 TX : 19.0 19.0 30.0 31.0 44.0 43.0 UT : 30.0 28.0 38.0 39.0 19.0 20.0 VT : 25.0 25.0 19.0 21.0 9.0 10.0 VA : 41.0 40.0 23.0 21.0 5.0 5.0 WA : 18.0 16.0 32.0 32.0 46.0 47.0 WI : 21.0 21.0 8.0 10.0 3.5 3.9 : Oth Sts : 26.0 30.2 22.0 20.0 14.0 15.0 : US : 20.0 20.0 15.3 16.8 29.4 30.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability Statement Survey Procedures: Primary data used to determine these estimates were obtained from a sample of producers. Individual States maintain a list of all known milk producers and information on the size of their herd. States use all known sources of producers to ensure that their lists are as complete as possible. Generally, all large producers and a sample of small producers are included in the survey. Questionnaires are mailed to producers near the end of the month to obtain data for the first day of the month. Additional reports are obtained by telephone, as needed, to supplement the mail response. Estimation Procedures: State offices prepare these estimates using survey indications, historic trends, and any available administrative data. Individual State estimates are reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Milk production, rate per cow, and number of cows are subject to revision the following month for monthly States or the following quarter for the quarterly States. Normally, Federal Market Order sales are the main basis for revisions. However, data for all orders are not available in time for this revision. Estimates are again subject to revisions in February each year based on additional administrative data. In the event that additional changes are necessary, a third revision is possible in February the following year. Estimates are again reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations with dairy animals are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for milk cow inventory estimates over the past 10 quarters is 1.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final October-December estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 9.14 million head by more than 1.3 percent, or about 119,000 head. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.3 percent, or about 210,000 head (the 90 percent confidence level). Reliability of October-December Milk Estimates 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Difference Between : Quarters : Root : 90% : First and Latest :--------------- : Mean : Confidence : Estimates : First : First Item :Square : Level :-------------------------: Above : Below : Error : :Average:Smallest:Largest :Latest :Latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent ------- Million Pounds ------ Number : Milk : Production : 0.6 1.1 428 183 1 385 10 0 : Percent --------- 1,000 Head -------- Number : All Milk : Cows : 1.3 2.3 210 102 2 195 9 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on records for the past 10 October-December quarters. Index Page Milk Cows and Production: by Quarter, United States, 1998-99 . . .2 Milk Cows and Production: by Month, 20 Selected States, 1998-99. .2 Milk Cows and Production: by State, January 1998-99. . . . . . . .3 Milk Cows and Production: by State, December 1997-98 . . . . . . .4 Milk Cows and Production: United States, 1989-98 . . . . . . . . .5 Estimated Milk Production: United States, 1998-99. . . . . . . . .2 Milk Cows and Production: by State, and United States, 1997-98 . .6 Milk Cows: Number by Month, State, and 20 States, 1997 . . . . . .8 Milk Cows: Number by Month, State, and 20 States, 1998 . . . . . .9 Milk: Produced per Cow by Month, State, and 20 States, 1997. . . 10 Milk: Produced per Cow by Month, State, and 20 States, 1998. . . 11 Milk Production: Total by Month, State, and 20 States, 1997. . . 12 Milk Production: Total by Month, State, and 20 States, 1998. . . 13 Milk Cows and Production: Number and Milk Produced by Quarter, State, and United States, 1997. . . . . . . . . 14 Milk Cows and Production: Number and Milk Produced by Quarter, State, and United States, 1998. . . . . . . . . 15 Milk Cows: Number of Operations, by State, and United States 1996-97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Milk Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Milk Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Milk Production: Percent of Production by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Reliability Statement: Survey and Estimation Procedures, Revision Policy, and Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 The next "Milk Production" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on March 16, 1999. 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