Da 1-1 (1-06) Milk Production National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 18, 2006, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Milk Production" call Ann Summa at 202-720-3278, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. December Milk Production Up 4.2 Percent Milk production in the 23 major States during December totaled 13.6 billion pounds, up 4.2 percent from December 2004. November revised production, at 13.0 billion pounds, was up 4.6 percent from November 2004. The November revision represented a decrease of 1 million pounds from last month's preliminary production estimate. Production per cow in the 23 major States averaged 1,665 pounds for December, 55 pounds above December 2004. The number of milk cows on farms in the 23 major States was 8.16 million head, 67,000 head more than December 2004, and 4,000 head more than November 2005. October - December Milk Production Up 3.9 Percent Milk production in the U.S. during the October - December quarter totaled 43.6 billion pounds, up 3.9 percent from the October - December quarter last year. The average number of milk cows in the U.S. during the quarter was 9.05 million head, 31,000 head more than the same period last year. Milk Cows and Production: By Quarter, United States, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk Per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Quarter : : : : : : : Change : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : From : : : : : : : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds ---- Million Pounds Percent : Jan-Mar : 8,993 8,996 4,755 4,807 42,759 43,242 1.1 Apr-Jun : 9,001 9,034 4,869 5,054 43,824 45,660 4.2 Jul-Sep : 9,027 9,054 4,679 4,858 42,239 43,984 4.1 Oct-Dec : 9,019 9,050 4,655 4,818 41,983 43,605 3.9 : Annual : 9,010 9,034 18,957 19,536 170,805 176,491 3.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By Month, 23 Selected States, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk Per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Change : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : From : : : : : : : 2004 Month : : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds ---- Million Pounds Percent : Jan : 8,044 8,083 1,624 1,640 13,061 13,258 1.5 Feb : 8,051 8,076 1,531 1,519 12,329 12,270 -0.5 Mar : 8,059 8,095 1,661 1,702 13,387 13,779 2.9 Apr : 8,063 8,109 1,636 1,683 13,194 13,647 3.4 May : 8,064 8,121 1,692 1,757 13,641 14,266 4.6 Jun : 8,083 8,132 1,607 1,686 12,988 13,712 5.6 Jul : 8,096 8,145 1,623 1,681 13,143 13,692 4.2 Aug : 8,102 8,157 1,601 1,667 12,970 13,595 4.8 Sep : 8,104 8,157 1,533 1,594 12,426 13,005 4.7 Oct : 8,103 8,160 1,583 1,634 12,824 13,336 4.0 Nov : 8,102 8,160 1,531 1,590 12,404 12,974 4.6 Dec : 8,097 8,164 1,610 1,665 13,037 13,592 4.3 : Annual : 8,081 8,130 19,232 19,819 155,404 161,126 3.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 revised. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Estimated Milk Cows and Production: By Month, United States, 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk Per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change Month : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : From : : : : : : : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds ---- Million Pounds Percent : Jan : 8,985 8,995 1,603 1,622 14,402 14,586 1.3 Feb : 8,993 8,984 1,512 1,502 13,595 13,498 -0.7 Mar : 9,002 9,009 1,640 1,683 14,762 15,158 2.7 Apr : 8,999 9,023 1,613 1,659 14,519 14,970 3.1 May : 8,991 9,034 1,670 1,732 15,012 15,650 4.2 Jun : 9,014 9,044 1,586 1,663 14,293 15,040 5.2 Jul : 9,028 9,047 1,596 1,652 14,405 14,946 3.8 Aug : 9,029 9,057 1,574 1,638 14,215 14,840 4.4 Sep : 9,025 9,057 1,509 1,568 13,619 14,198 4.3 Oct : 9,023 9,049 1,559 1,613 14,070 14,573 3.6 Nov : 9,021 9,046 1,509 1,566 13,610 14,178 4.2 Dec : 9,013 9,054 1,587 1,639 14,303 14,854 3.9 : Annual : 9,010 9,034 18,957 19,536 170,805 176,491 3.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 revised. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By State, December 2004-2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 1/ : Milk Per Cow 2/ : Milk Production 2/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : Change : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : From : : : : : : : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds --- Million Pounds Percent : AZ : 166 163 1,905 1,940 316 316 CA : 1,741 1,770 1,775 1,795 3,090 3,177 2.8 CO : 102 105 1,845 1,890 188 198 5.3 FL : 138 135 1,450 1,415 200 191 -4.5 ID : 435 472 1,800 1,840 783 868 10.9 IL : 106 104 1,540 1,570 163 163 IN : 155 158 1,600 1,715 248 271 9.3 IA : 188 187 1,700 1,700 320 318 -0.6 KS : 111 111 1,680 1,730 186 192 3.2 KY : 110 102 1,055 1,100 116 112 -3.4 MI : 307 312 1,730 1,810 531 565 6.4 MN : 460 445 1,475 1,560 679 694 2.2 MO : 119 114 1,270 1,300 151 148 -2.0 NM : 321 339 1,650 1,780 530 603 13.8 NY : 650 649 1,485 1,545 965 1,003 3.9 OH : 266 273 1,450 1,450 386 396 2.6 OR : 120 121 1,570 1,550 188 188 PA : 565 557 1,490 1,580 842 880 4.5 TX : 319 324 1,555 1,720 496 557 12.3 VT : 143 143 1,515 1,535 217 220 1.4 VA : 104 104 1,420 1,460 148 152 2.7 WA : 235 237 1,925 1,910 452 453 0.2 WI : 1,236 1,239 1,490 1,555 1,842 1,927 4.6 : 23-State : Total : 8,097 8,164 1,610 1,665 13,037 13,592 4.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By State, November 2004-2005 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk Cows 2/ : Milk per Cow 3/ : Milk Production 3/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : Change : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : From : : : : : : : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head ---- Pounds --- Million Pounds Percent : AZ : 168 161 1,760 1,840 296 296 CA : 1,741 1,770 1,700 1,725 2,960 3,053 3.1 CO : 103 105 1,760 1,820 181 191 5.5 FL : 137 136 1,250 1,220 171 166 -2.9 ID : 434 471 1,720 1,790 746 843 13.0 IL : 106 104 1,450 1,480 154 154 IN : 154 157 1,540 1,650 237 259 9.3 IA : 190 187 1,610 1,620 306 303 -1.0 KS : 112 112 1,580 1,650 177 185 4.5 KY : 109 102 1,030 1,040 112 106 -5.4 MI : 306 312 1,660 1,735 508 541 6.5 MN : 460 450 1,390 1,440 639 648 1.4 MO : 120 114 1,215 1,230 146 140 -4.1 NM : 322 337 1,605 1,720 517 580 12.2 NY : 651 648 1,410 1,485 918 962 4.8 OH : 266 271 1,390 1,400 370 379 2.4 OR : 120 121 1,490 1,490 179 180 0.6 PA : 563 556 1,420 1,500 799 834 4.4 TX : 320 321 1,455 1,630 466 523 12.2 VT : 144 142 1,415 1,460 204 207 1.5 VA : 104 105 1,340 1,370 139 144 3.6 WA : 235 240 1,825 1,840 429 442 3.0 WI : 1,237 1,238 1,415 1,485 1,750 1,838 5.0 : 23-State : Total : 8,102 8,160 1,531 1,590 12,404 12,974 4.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2005 revised. 2/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 3/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production: By State and United States, Revised July-September, 2004-2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jul-Sep Milk Cows 1/ : Jul-Sep Milk Production 2/ : Change State :-----------------------------------------------------------: From : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 Head ----- ---- Million Pounds --- Percent : AL : 17 16 52 47 -9.6 AK : 1.2 1.1 3.8 3.4 -10.5 AZ : 162 161 839 871 3.8 AR : 24 22 74 67 -9.5 CA : 1,733 1,763 9,133 9,360 2.5 CO : 103 105 550 611 11.1 CT : 20 20 95 92 -3.2 DE : 7.0 7.5 29.0 32.3 11.4 FL : 138 135 495 492 -0.6 GA : 84 81 319 310 -2.8 HI : 6.0 5.3 19.0 17.4 -8.4 ID : 430 466 2,358 2,678 13.6 IL : 107 104 476 473 -0.6 IN : 150 156 718 778 8.4 IA : 192 187 937 927 -1.1 KS : 115 112 549 564 2.7 KY : 110 106 341 325 -4.7 LA : 37 34 101 87 -13.9 ME : 34 33 156 151 -3.2 MD : 73 72 277 281 1.4 MA : 17 16 73 72 -1.4 MI : 303 313 1,580 1,685 6.6 MN : 465 453 1,984 2,018 1.7 MS : 27 25 80 79 -1.3 MO : 121 116 436 405 -7.1 MT : 18 19 88 95 8.0 NE : 61 60 254 263 3.5 NV : 25 25 129 137 6.2 NH : 16 16 74 74 NJ : 12 12 49 47 -4.1 NM : 327 331 1,693 1,778 5.0 NY : 655 648 2,907 3,053 5.0 NC : 56 54 241 227 -5.8 ND : 34 32 134 132 -1.5 OH : 266 270 1,128 1,175 4.2 OK : 77 75 307 311 1.3 OR : 120 121 581 583 0.3 PA : 560 561 2,465 2,630 6.7 RI : 1.1 1.1 4.7 4.7 SC : 17 17 63 61 -3.2 SD : 80 81 333 358 7.5 TN : 75 69 265 250 -5.7 TX : 320 320 1,412 1,552 9.9 UT : 88 88 416 427 2.6 VT : 145 143 645 656 1.7 VA : 104 105 415 428 3.1 WA : 236 242 1,356 1,433 5.7 WV : 13 13 47 48 2.1 WI : 1,240 1,236 5,541 5,817 5.0 WY : 4.3 5.0 16.3 18.5 13.5 : US 3/ : 9,027 9,054 42,239 43,984 4.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Milk Cows and Production: By State and United States, Preliminary October-December, 2004-2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Oct-Dec Milk Cows 1/ : Oct-Dec Milk Production 2/ : Change State :-----------------------------------------------------------: From : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 : 2005 : 2004 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 Head ----- ---- Million Pounds --- Percent : AL : 17 15 56 50 -10.7 AK : 1.2 0.9 3.4 2.7 -20.6 AZ : 167 162 910 908 -0.2 AR : 23 21 73 64 -12.3 CA : 1,741 1,770 9,130 9,381 2.7 CO : 103 105 553 587 6.1 CT : 20 20 95 92 -3.2 DE : 7.5 7.1 31.5 29.8 -5.4 FL : 137 135 531 511 -3.8 GA : 84 79 334 329 -1.5 HI : 5.8 5.1 17.4 15.3 -12.1 ID : 434 471 2,310 2,590 12.1 IL : 106 104 474 474 IN : 154 157 726 791 9.0 IA : 190 187 939 928 -1.2 KS : 112 112 544 565 3.9 KY : 109 102 341 325 -4.7 LA : 36 32 108 95 -12.0 ME : 33 32 148 142 -4.1 MD : 73 71 285 281 -1.4 MA : 17 16 73 70 -4.1 MI : 306 312 1,565 1,664 6.3 MN : 460 448 1,974 2,006 1.6 MS : 26 24 86 82 -4.7 MO : 120 114 445 425 -4.5 MT : 18 19 86 93 8.1 NE : 61 60 264 268 1.5 NV : 25 26 128 140 9.4 NH : 16 16 74 74 NJ : 12 12 47 46 -2.1 NM : 322 337 1,593 1,773 11.3 NY : 651 649 2,843 2,973 4.6 NC : 55 53 242 231 -4.5 ND : 33 33 127 132 3.9 OH : 266 271 1,131 1,164 2.9 OK : 75 75 297 293 -1.3 OR : 120 121 556 557 0.2 PA : 564 557 2,466 2,579 4.6 RI : 1.1 1.0 4.5 4.4 -2.2 SC : 18 17 69 69 SD : 80 81 338 358 5.9 TN : 73 69 270 257 -4.8 TX : 320 322 1,432 1,594 11.3 UT : 89 85 397 413 4.0 VT : 144 142 632 641 1.4 VA : 104 105 428 440 2.8 WA : 235 240 1,324 1,362 2.9 WV : 13 13 48 49 2.1 WI : 1,237 1,238 5,418 5,664 4.5 WY : 4.4 6.2 16.3 22.9 40.5 : US 3/ : 9,019 9,050 41,983 43,605 3.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Reliability Statement Survey Procedures: Primary data used to determine these estimates were obtained from a sample of producers. Individual States maintain a list of all known milk producers and information on the size of their herd. States use all known sources of producers to ensure that their lists are as complete as possible. Generally, all large producers and a sample of small producers are included in the survey. Questionnaires are mailed to producers near the end of the month to obtain data for the first day of the month. Additional reports are obtained by telephone, as needed, to supplement the mail response. Where feasible, States utilize state and federal administrative data, rather than conduct a monthly or quarterly survey, to estimate milk production. This eliminates duplication of data gathering by different government agencies. Indications of milk cow inventory are also obtained in the January and July Cattle Surveys. Estimation Procedures: State offices prepare these estimates by using a combination of survey indications, historic trends, and any available administrative data. Individual State estimates are reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Milk production, rate per cow, and number of cows are subject to revision the following month for monthly States or the following quarter for the quarterly States. Normally, Federal Market Order sales are the main basis for revisions. However, data for all orders are not available in time for this revision. Estimates are again subject to revisions in February each year based on additional administrative data. In the event that additional changes are necessary, a third revision is possible in February the following year. Estimates are again reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations with dairy animals are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for milk cow inventory estimates over the past 10 October - December quarters is 0.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final October - December estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 9.05 million head by more than 0.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.6 percent. Reliability of October-December Milk Estimates 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Difference Between : Quarters : Root : 90% : First and Latest :--------------- : Mean : Confidence : Estimates : First : First Item :Square : Level :-------------------------: Above : Below : Error : :Average:Smallest:Largest :Latest :Latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent ------- Million Pounds ------ Number : Milk : Production : 0.4 0.8 349 147 1 265 6 4 : Percent -------- 1,000 Head -------- Number : All Milk : Cows : 0.3 0.6 54 21 2 58 9 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on records for the past 10 October-December quarters. 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