United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Cr Pr 2-3 (10) Small Grains 2010 Summary September 2010 Special Note NASS is in the process of modifying report layouts in order to improve readability. This report issue is published using both layouts but all future issues will only be produced with the new layout, which is available on the NASS website: www.nass.usda.gov. This is the last issue using this layout. All wheat production totaled 2.22 billion bushels in 2010, down 2 percent from the August forecast but up slightly from 2009. Grain area is 47.7 million acres, down 4 percent from last year. The United States yield is a record high 46.7 bushels per acre, 2.3 bushels higher than last year and 1.8 bushels higher than the previous record set in 2008. The levels of production and changes from last year by type are: winter wheat, 1.49 billion bushels, down 3 percent; other spring wheat, 627 million bushels, up 7 percent; Durum wheat, 111 million bushels, up 2 percent. Oat production is estimated at a record low 81.9 million bushels, 6 percent below the August forecast and down 12 percent from last year. Yield is estimated at 64.6 bushels per acre, down 1.7 bushels from the last forecast and down 2.9 bushels from the previous year. Compared with last year, yields decreased or stayed the same for most States, with the exception of Michigan, Texas, and several States in the Northwest. Harvested area, at 1.27 million acres, is 4 percent below August and 8 percent below last year. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, continuing a steady downward trend. Barley production is estimated at 182 million bushels, down 1 percent from the August 1 forecast and 20 percent below 2009. Average yield per acre, at 73.6 bushels, is up 1.3 bushels from August and 0.6 bushel from last year and is the highest yield on record since estimates began in 1866. Producers seeded 2.87 million acres in 2010, down 19 percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record. Harvested area, at 2.47 million acres, is down 3 percent from the August 1 forecast and down 21 percent from 2009, and the lowest level since 1882. This report was approved on September 30, 2010. Acting Secretary of Agriculture James W. Miller Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Page Grains & Hay Barley 6 Oats 4 Rye 17 Wheat, All 8 Wheat, by Class 13 Wheat, Class Percentage Estimates 14 Wheat, Durum 13 Wheat, Other Spring 12 Wheat, Winter 10 Head Population 16 Crop Comments 20 Crop Summary 18 Information Contacts 23 (This page intentionally left blank.) Oats: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 50 50 35 15 11 10 AR 2/ : 10 10 8 7 CA : 260 250 220 25 30 25 CO : 45 60 55 7 9 9 GA : 65 60 50 25 20 15 ID : 70 80 70 20 25 20 IL : 45 40 45 30 25 30 IN : 15 15 20 5 7 8 IA : 150 200 180 75 95 70 KS : 60 85 65 25 35 25 ME : 32 32 31 31 31 30 MI : 75 70 75 60 55 60 MN : 250 250 260 175 170 165 MO : 15 15 20 6 9 8 MT : 60 70 65 30 32 27 NE : 95 100 90 35 30 25 NY : 80 90 80 64 60 58 NC : 60 50 40 30 15 15 ND : 320 350 280 130 165 110 OH : 75 65 65 50 45 50 OK : 50 50 45 10 15 9 OR : 45 45 45 18 22 22 PA : 105 110 110 80 80 80 SC : 33 30 26 19 15 13 SD : 220 200 190 120 90 105 TX : 600 600 550 100 60 80 UT : 40 45 40 4 5 4 VA : 12 12 12 4 4 4 WA : 20 20 20 5 6 5 WI : 270 310 310 190 195 170 WY : 30 40 34 12 10 9 : US : 3,247 3,404 3,138 1,400 1,379 1,268 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. 2/ Estimates began in 2009. Oats: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels ------- : AL : 50.0 50.0 45.0 750 550 450 AR 1/ : 80.0 80.0 640 560 CA : 80.0 105.0 95.0 2,000 3,150 2,375 CO : 70.0 65.0 65.0 490 585 585 GA : 69.0 56.0 54.0 1,725 1,120 810 ID : 69.0 78.0 80.0 1,380 1,950 1,600 IL : 70.0 65.0 65.0 2,100 1,625 1,950 IN : 75.0 69.0 66.0 375 483 528 IA : 65.0 65.0 62.0 4,875 6,175 4,340 KS : 53.0 53.0 50.0 1,325 1,855 1,250 ME : 65.0 65.0 65.0 2,015 2,015 1,950 MI : 66.0 63.0 68.0 3,960 3,465 4,080 MN : 68.0 71.0 69.0 11,900 12,070 11,385 MO : 55.0 55.0 45.0 330 495 360 MT : 51.0 56.0 61.0 1,530 1,792 1,647 NE : 70.0 69.0 68.0 2,450 2,070 1,700 NY : 66.0 77.0 67.0 4,224 4,620 3,886 NC : 80.0 70.0 60.0 2,400 1,050 900 ND : 51.0 68.0 63.0 6,630 11,220 6,930 OH : 70.0 75.0 70.0 3,500 3,375 3,500 OK : 40.0 34.0 33.0 400 510 297 OR : 100.0 100.0 110.0 1,800 2,200 2,420 PA : 58.0 61.0 59.0 4,640 4,880 4,720 SC : 64.0 55.0 47.0 1,216 825 611 SD : 73.0 73.0 72.0 8,760 6,570 7,560 TX : 50.0 47.0 52.0 5,000 2,820 4,160 UT : 75.0 81.0 74.0 300 405 296 VA : 70.0 54.0 44.0 280 216 176 WA : 80.0 80.0 84.0 400 480 420 WI : 62.0 68.0 58.0 11,780 13,260 9,860 WY : 50.0 61.0 61.0 600 610 549 : US : 63.7 67.5 64.6 89,135 93,081 81,855 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates began in 2009. Barley: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 42 48 45 40 45 44 CA : 95 90 110 60 55 75 CO : 80 78 64 72 77 63 DE : 25 28 20 22 26 18 ID : 600 530 490 580 510 470 KS : 17 14 10 10 9 7 KY 2/ : 8 7 ME : 20 16 16 19 15 15 MD : 45 55 45 35 48 34 MI : 12 13 11 10 11 10 MN : 125 95 85 110 80 70 MT : 860 870 760 740 720 620 NV 2/ : 3 1 NJ 2/ : 3 2 NY : 13 12 12 9 10 10 NC : 21 23 20 14 19 15 ND : 1,650 1,210 720 1,540 1,130 675 OH 2/ : 6 5 OR : 57 40 45 42 32 40 PA : 60 60 60 55 45 45 SD : 63 48 35 43 22 11 UT : 40 40 39 27 30 27 VA : 63 67 75 36 43 48 WA : 205 105 90 195 97 81 WI : 43 45 45 30 25 30 WY : 90 80 75 75 64 63 : US : 4,246 3,567 2,872 3,779 3,113 2,471 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2009. Barley: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 120.0 115.0 125.0 4,800 5,175 5,500 CA : 55.0 54.0 58.0 3,300 2,970 4,350 CO : 120.0 135.0 133.0 8,640 10,395 8,379 DE : 80.0 70.0 64.0 1,760 1,820 1,152 ID : 86.0 95.0 93.0 49,880 48,450 43,710 KS : 37.0 51.0 43.0 370 459 301 KY 1/ : 88.0 616 ME : 55.0 55.0 60.0 1,045 825 900 MD : 90.0 70.0 68.0 3,150 3,360 2,312 MI : 46.0 51.0 54.0 460 561 540 MN : 65.0 61.0 62.0 7,150 4,880 4,340 MT : 51.0 57.0 63.0 37,740 41,040 39,060 NV 1/ : 100.0 100 NJ 1/ : 71.0 142 NY : 52.0 53.0 55.0 468 530 550 NC : 71.0 60.0 63.0 994 1,140 945 ND : 56.0 70.0 65.0 86,240 79,100 43,875 OH 1/ : 72.0 360 OR : 50.0 60.0 75.0 2,100 1,920 3,000 PA : 75.0 75.0 75.0 4,125 3,375 3,375 SD : 41.0 54.0 40.0 1,763 1,188 440 UT : 85.0 85.0 90.0 2,295 2,550 2,430 VA : 85.0 74.0 67.0 3,060 3,182 3,216 WA : 57.0 64.0 72.0 11,115 6,208 5,832 WI : 54.0 59.0 48.0 1,620 1,475 1,440 WY : 92.0 105.0 99.0 6,900 6,720 6,237 : US : 63.6 73.0 73.6 240,193 227,323 181,884 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2009. All Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 240 220 150 200 180 115 AZ : 159 132 89 155 129 85 AR : 1,070 430 200 980 390 150 CA : 840 795 775 545 500 465 CO : 2,190 2,630 2,478 1,936 2,479 2,377 DE : 80 70 50 79 67 45 FL : 25 17 12 23 14 7 GA : 480 340 170 400 250 125 ID : 1,400 1,310 1,400 1,330 1,250 1,345 IL : 1,200 850 330 1,150 820 295 IN : 580 470 250 560 450 230 IA : 40 28 15 35 22 10 KS : 9,600 9,300 8,400 8,900 8,800 8,000 KY : 580 510 390 460 390 250 LA : 400 185 125 385 175 110 MD : 255 230 180 180 195 135 MI : 730 630 530 710 570 510 MN : 1,925 1,655 1,665 1,870 1,595 1,610 MS : 520 180 125 485 165 100 MO : 1,250 780 370 1,160 730 280 MT : 5,740 5,520 5,440 5,470 5,305 5,230 NE : 1,750 1,700 1,600 1,670 1,600 1,490 NV : 21 20 23 11 13 12 NJ : 35 34 28 33 29 23 NM : 430 450 470 140 140 290 NY : 130 115 110 122 105 100 NC : 820 700 500 720 600 380 ND : 9,230 8,680 8,530 8,640 8,415 8,400 OH : 1,120 1,010 780 1,090 980 750 OK : 5,600 5,700 5,300 4,500 3,500 3,900 OR : 960 890 960 945 877 947 PA : 195 190 165 185 175 150 SC : 220 165 145 205 150 130 SD : 3,661 3,209 2,815 3,420 3,009 2,725 TN : 620 430 260 520 340 180 TX : 5,800 6,400 5,700 3,300 2,450 3,750 UT : 150 154 151 139 147 131 VA : 310 250 180 280 210 160 WA : 2,290 2,290 2,330 2,255 2,225 2,285 WV : 11 9 7 8 5 5 WI : 373 335 240 357 315 230 WY : 163 155 165 146 132 145 : US : 63,193 59,168 53,603 55,699 49,893 47,657 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. All Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 71.0 55.0 55.0 14,200 9,900 6,325 AZ : 97.9 99.4 112.2 15,172 12,825 9,535 AR : 57.0 44.0 54.0 55,860 17,160 8,100 CA : 90.3 86.8 86.8 49,225 43,400 40,350 CO : 30.8 40.6 45.5 59,700 100,610 108,234 DE : 77.0 62.0 58.0 6,083 4,154 2,610 FL : 55.0 43.0 40.0 1,265 602 280 GA : 56.0 42.0 40.0 22,400 10,500 5,000 ID : 73.8 79.3 80.4 98,170 99,130 108,105 IL : 64.0 56.0 56.0 73,600 45,920 16,520 IN : 69.0 67.0 60.0 38,640 30,150 13,800 IA : 48.0 45.0 46.0 1,680 990 460 KS : 40.0 42.0 45.0 356,000 369,600 360,000 KY : 71.0 57.0 66.0 32,660 22,230 16,500 LA : 57.0 56.0 50.0 21,945 9,800 5,500 MD : 73.0 60.0 60.0 13,140 11,700 8,100 MI : 69.0 69.0 70.0 48,990 39,330 35,700 MN : 55.9 52.8 54.7 104,440 84,175 88,070 MS : 62.0 50.0 47.0 30,070 8,250 4,700 MO : 48.0 47.0 45.0 55,680 34,310 12,600 MT : 30.1 33.3 41.4 164,730 176,625 216,650 NE : 44.0 48.0 43.0 73,480 76,800 64,070 NV : 100.1 97.8 105.8 1,101 1,272 1,270 NJ : 61.0 51.0 49.0 2,013 1,479 1,127 NM : 30.0 25.0 28.0 4,200 3,500 8,120 NY : 63.0 65.0 67.0 7,686 6,825 6,700 NC : 60.0 49.0 37.0 43,200 29,400 14,060 ND : 36.0 44.8 44.6 311,200 377,190 374,560 OH : 68.0 72.0 61.0 74,120 70,560 45,750 OK : 37.0 22.0 31.0 166,500 77,000 120,900 OR : 55.7 55.7 67.3 52,600 48,858 63,723 PA : 64.0 56.0 59.0 11,840 9,800 8,850 SC : 54.0 47.0 36.0 11,070 7,050 4,680 SD : 50.5 42.9 45.3 172,540 129,147 123,475 TN : 63.0 51.0 53.0 32,760 17,340 9,540 TX : 30.0 25.0 34.0 99,000 61,250 127,500 UT : 41.4 49.5 48.7 5,756 7,278 6,379 VA : 71.0 58.0 51.0 19,880 12,180 8,160 WA : 52.7 55.3 64.7 118,790 123,085 147,890 WV : 60.0 50.0 54.0 480 250 270 WI : 64.5 68.0 64.0 23,012 21,420 14,720 WY : 29.4 38.0 32.0 4,286 5,016 4,640 : US : 44.9 44.5 46.7 2,499,164 2,218,061 2,223,523 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 240 220 150 200 180 115 AZ : 9 7 9 6 5 6 AR : 1,070 430 200 980 390 150 CA : 680 615 660 400 330 360 CO : 2,150 2,600 2,450 1,900 2,450 2,350 DE : 80 70 50 79 67 45 FL : 25 17 12 23 14 7 GA : 480 340 170 400 250 125 ID : 850 740 750 800 700 710 IL : 1,200 850 330 1,150 820 295 IN : 580 470 250 560 450 230 IA : 40 28 15 35 22 10 KS : 9,600 9,300 8,400 8,900 8,800 8,000 KY : 580 510 390 460 390 250 LA : 400 185 125 385 175 110 MD : 255 230 180 180 195 135 MI : 730 630 530 710 570 510 MN : 75 55 65 70 45 60 MS : 520 180 125 485 165 100 MO : 1,250 780 370 1,160 730 280 MT : 2,600 2,550 2,050 2,420 2,420 1,950 NE : 1,750 1,700 1,600 1,670 1,600 1,490 NV : 12 16 19 7 11 10 NJ : 35 34 28 33 29 23 NM : 430 450 470 140 140 290 NY : 130 115 110 122 105 100 NC : 820 700 500 720 600 380 ND : 630 580 330 550 545 320 OH : 1,120 1,010 780 1,090 980 750 OK : 5,600 5,700 5,300 4,500 3,500 3,900 OR : 780 760 820 775 750 810 PA : 195 190 165 185 175 150 SC : 220 165 145 205 150 130 SD : 2,050 1,700 1,350 1,890 1,530 1,300 TN : 620 430 260 520 340 180 TX : 5,800 6,400 5,700 3,300 2,450 3,750 UT : 130 140 135 120 135 118 VA : 310 250 180 280 210 160 WA : 1,750 1,700 1,750 1,720 1,640 1,710 WV : 11 9 7 8 5 5 WI : 350 335 240 335 315 230 WY : 150 155 165 135 132 145 : US : 46,307 43,346 37,335 39,608 34,510 31,749 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Winter Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 71.0 55.0 55.0 14,200 9,900 6,325 AZ : 95.0 85.0 75.0 570 425 450 AR : 57.0 44.0 54.0 55,860 17,160 8,100 CA : 85.0 80.0 80.0 34,000 26,400 28,800 CO : 30.0 40.0 45.0 57,000 98,000 105,750 DE : 77.0 62.0 58.0 6,083 4,154 2,610 FL : 55.0 43.0 40.0 1,265 602 280 GA : 56.0 42.0 40.0 22,400 10,500 5,000 ID : 75.0 81.0 82.0 60,000 56,700 58,220 IL : 64.0 56.0 56.0 73,600 45,920 16,520 IN : 69.0 67.0 60.0 38,640 30,150 13,800 IA : 48.0 45.0 46.0 1,680 990 460 KS : 40.0 42.0 45.0 356,000 369,600 360,000 KY : 71.0 57.0 66.0 32,660 22,230 16,500 LA : 57.0 56.0 50.0 21,945 9,800 5,500 MD : 73.0 60.0 60.0 13,140 11,700 8,100 MI : 69.0 69.0 70.0 48,990 39,330 35,700 MN : 52.0 45.0 47.0 3,640 2,025 2,820 MS : 62.0 50.0 47.0 30,070 8,250 4,700 MO : 48.0 47.0 45.0 55,680 34,310 12,600 MT : 39.0 37.0 48.0 94,380 89,540 93,600 NE : 44.0 48.0 43.0 73,480 76,800 64,070 NV : 103.0 102.0 109.0 721 1,122 1,090 NJ : 61.0 51.0 49.0 2,013 1,479 1,127 NM : 30.0 25.0 28.0 4,200 3,500 8,120 NY : 63.0 65.0 67.0 7,686 6,825 6,700 NC : 60.0 49.0 37.0 43,200 29,400 14,060 ND : 41.0 48.0 55.0 22,550 26,160 17,600 OH : 68.0 72.0 61.0 74,120 70,560 45,750 OK : 37.0 22.0 31.0 166,500 77,000 120,900 OR : 58.0 56.0 67.0 44,950 42,000 54,270 PA : 64.0 56.0 59.0 11,840 9,800 8,850 SC : 54.0 47.0 36.0 11,070 7,050 4,680 SD : 55.0 42.0 49.0 103,950 64,260 63,700 TN : 63.0 51.0 53.0 32,760 17,340 9,540 TX : 30.0 25.0 34.0 99,000 61,250 127,500 UT : 41.0 50.0 48.0 4,920 6,750 5,664 VA : 71.0 58.0 51.0 19,880 12,180 8,160 WA : 56.0 59.0 69.0 96,320 96,760 117,990 WV : 60.0 50.0 54.0 480 250 270 WI : 66.0 68.0 64.0 22,110 21,420 14,720 WY : 28.0 38.0 32.0 3,780 5,016 4,640 : US : 47.1 44.2 46.8 1,867,333 1,524,608 1,485,236 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 40 30 28 36 29 27 ID : 540 550 630 520 530 615 MN : 1,850 1,600 1,600 1,800 1,550 1,550 MT : 2,550 2,400 2,850 2,480 2,350 2,750 NV : 9 4 4 4 2 2 ND : 6,800 6,450 6,400 6,400 6,300 6,300 OR : 180 130 140 170 127 137 SD : 1,600 1,500 1,450 1,520 1,470 1,410 UT : 20 14 16 19 12 13 WA : 540 590 580 535 585 575 WI 1/ : 23 22 WY 1/ : 13 11 : US : 14,165 13,268 13,698 13,517 12,955 13,379 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : CO : 75.0 90.0 92.0 2,700 2,610 2,484 ID : 72.0 77.0 79.0 37,440 40,810 48,585 MN : 56.0 53.0 55.0 100,800 82,150 85,250 MT : 24.0 30.0 38.0 59,520 70,500 104,500 NV : 95.0 75.0 90.0 380 150 180 ND : 38.5 46.0 45.5 246,400 289,800 286,650 OR : 45.0 54.0 69.0 7,650 6,858 9,453 SD : 45.0 44.0 42.0 68,400 64,680 59,220 UT : 44.0 44.0 55.0 836 528 715 WA : 42.0 45.0 52.0 22,470 26,325 29,900 WI 1/ : 41.0 902 WY 1/ : 46.0 506 : US : 40.5 45.1 46.9 548,004 584,411 626,937 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2009. Durum Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 150 125 80 149 124 79 CA : 160 180 115 145 170 105 ID : 10 20 20 10 20 20 MT : 590 570 540 570 535 530 ND : 1,800 1,650 1,800 1,690 1,570 1,780 SD : 11 9 15 10 9 15 : US : 2,721 2,554 2,570 2,574 2,428 2,529 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 98.0 100.0 115.0 14,602 12,400 9,085 CA : 105.0 100.0 110.0 15,225 17,000 11,550 ID : 73.0 81.0 65.0 730 1,620 1,300 MT : 19.0 31.0 35.0 10,830 16,585 18,550 ND : 25.0 39.0 39.5 42,250 61,230 70,310 SD : 19.0 23.0 37.0 190 207 555 : US : 32.6 44.9 44.0 83,827 109,042 111,350 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2008-2010 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter :--------------------------------------------------------- Year : Hard : Soft : Hard : Soft : All : Red : Red : White : White : White ---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2008 :1,034,694 613,578 22,702 196,360 219,062 2009 : 919,939 403,984 18,248 182,437 200,685 2010 :1,018,337 237,804 13,496 215,599 229,095 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Spring : :---------------------------------------------------------: : Hard : Hard : Soft : All : : Total : Red : White : White : White : Durum : :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2008 : 512,138 6,340 29,525 35,865 83,827 2,499,164 2009 : 547,933 7,865 28,613 36,478 109,042 2,218,061 2010 : 580,555 9,355 37,027 46,382 111,350 2,223,523 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. Wheat: Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the U.S. wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used during the 2011 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State's usual distribution, then updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class. (Note: The Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class). Winter Wheat: Production Distribution by Class and State, 2009-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Soft Red : Hard White : Soft White : All White :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 :2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 1 1 99 99 AZ : 85 80 5 15 10 5 15 20 AR : 100 100 CA : 77 85 10 10 13 5 23 15 CO : 93 98 7 2 7 2 DE : 100 100 FL : 100 100 GA : 100 100 ID : 28 24 1 1 71 75 72 76 IL : 5 95 100 IN : 100 100 IA : 57 64 43 36 KS : 98 98 2 2 2 2 KY : 100 100 LA : 100 100 MD : 100 100 MI : 61 61 39 39 39 39 MN : 100 100 MS : 100 100 MO : 3 3 97 97 MT : 100 100 NE : 99 99 1 1 1 1 NV : 1 100 99 100 100 NJ : 1 99 100 NM : 100 100 NY : 4 3 65 71 31 26 31 26 NC : 100 100 ND : 100 100 OH : 100 100 OK : 99 99 1 1 OR : 3 4 97 96 97 96 PA : 1 100 99 SC : 100 100 SD : 100 100 TN : 100 100 TX : 93 97 7 3 UT : 77 79 23 21 23 21 VA : 100 100 WA : 20 15 80 85 80 85 WV : 1 100 99 WI : 1 3 97 96 2 1 2 1 WY : 100 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum): Production Distribution by Class and State, 2009-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Hard White : Soft White : All White :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : CO : 51 46 31 39 18 15 49 54 ID : 58 50 16 16 26 34 42 50 MN : 100 100 MT : 100 100 NV : 4 96 100 96 100 ND : 100 100 OR : 37 46 63 54 63 54 SD : 100 100 UT : 68 70 2 32 28 32 30 WA : 49 49 2 2 49 49 51 51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States during 2010. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Winter Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 2006-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : CO : July : 34.6 41.3 37.8 44.0 47.3 : August: 34.5 41.5 38.8 44.1 48.6 : Final : 34.5 41.5 38.8 43.9 48.6 : : IL : July : 62.4 52.3 63.9 58.1 44.5 : August: 62.5 52.3 63.2 58.4 44.5 : Final : 62.5 52.3 63.2 58.4 44.5 : : KS : July : 39.9 43.5 44.7 45.5 44.6 : August: 39.9 43.6 44.7 45.5 44.6 : Final : 39.9 43.6 44.7 45.5 44.6 : : MO : July : 48.2 53.1 61.5 49.7 39.8 : August: 48.2 53.1 53.2 49.7 39.2 : Final : 48.2 53.1 53.2 49.7 39.2 : : MT : July : 42.1 38.5 38.6 37.1 44.7 : August: 42.9 38.1 39.4 35.8 44.7 : Final : 42.9 38.1 39.4 36.0 45.0 : : NE : July : 50.8 49.5 44.9 51.5 47.1 : August: 51.2 49.2 47.6 50.8 48.1 : Final : 51.2 49.2 47.6 50.8 48.1 : : OH : July : 53.5 52.4 58.4 57.8 62.1 : August: 53.7 52.4 61.0 58.2 62.1 : Final : 53.7 52.4 61.0 58.2 62.1 : : OK : July : 31.7 42.8 41.8 38.7 36.5 : August: 31.7 42.8 41.8 38.7 36.5 : Final : 31.7 42.8 41.8 38.7 36.5 : : TX : July : 29.1 38.5 30.6 35.2 35.9 : August: 29.1 38.5 31.0 35.2 35.9 : Final : 29.1 38.5 31.5 35.1 35.9 : : WA : July : 38.5 38.9 38.4 36.0 40.2 : August: 37.9 38.1 36.6 35.6 39.2 : Final : 37.9 38.1 36.6 35.4 39.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rye: Area Planted and Harvested by State and United States, 2008-2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : GA : 200 200 190 40 25 40 OK : 280 270 250 55 40 60 : Oth : Sts 2/ : 780 771 771 174 187 165 : US : 1,260 1,241 1,211 269 252 265 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :----------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- Bushels ------- ------ 1,000 Bushels ------ : GA : 30 21 24 1,200 525 960 OK : 19 14 25 1,045 560 1,500 : Oth : Sts 2/ : 33 32 30 5,734 5,908 4,971 : US : 30 28 28 7,979 6,993 7,431 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. 2/ Other States include IL, KS, MI, MN, NE, NY, NC, ND, PA, SC, TX, and WI. Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 2008-2010 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 3,247 3,404 3,138 Barley : 4,246 3,567 2,872 All Wheat : 63,193 59,168 53,603 Winter : 46,307 43,346 37,335 Durum : 2,721 2,554 2,570 Other Spring : 14,165 13,268 13,698 Rye : 1,260 1,241 1,211 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 2008-2010 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 1,400 1,379 1,268 Barley : 3,779 3,113 2,471 All Wheat : 55,699 49,893 47,657 Winter : 39,608 34,510 31,749 Durum : 2,574 2,428 2,529 Other Spring : 13,517 12,955 13,379 Rye : 269 252 265 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 2008-2010 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bushels : Oats : 63.7 67.5 64.6 Barley : 63.6 73.0 73.6 All Wheat : 44.9 44.5 46.7 Winter : 47.1 44.2 46.8 Durum : 32.6 44.9 44.0 Other Spring : 40.5 45.1 46.9 Rye : 29.7 27.8 28.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 2008-2010 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : Oats : 89,135 93,081 81,855 Barley : 240,193 227,323 181,884 All Wheat : 2,499,164 2,218,061 2,223,523 Winter : 1,867,333 1,524,608 1,485,236 Durum : 83,827 109,042 111,350 Other Spring : 548,004 584,411 626,937 Rye : 7,979 6,993 7,431 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 2008-2010 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,314,030 1,377,560 1,269,920 Barley : 1,718,310 1,443,530 1,162,270 All Wheat 1/ : 25,573,580 23,944,700 21,692,600 Winter : 18,739,980 17,541,690 15,109,100 Durum : 1,101,160 1,033,580 1,040,050 Other Spring : 5,732,430 5,369,430 5,543,440 Rye : 509,910 502,220 490,080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 2008-2010 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 566,570 558,070 513,150 Barley : 1,529,320 1,259,800 999,990 All Wheat 1/ : 22,540,830 20,191,200 19,286,310 Winter : 16,028,960 13,965,850 12,848,500 Durum : 1,041,670 982,590 1,023,460 Other Spring : 5,470,190 5,242,760 5,414,350 Rye : 108,860 101,980 107,240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 2008-2010 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2.28 2.42 2.32 Barley : 3.42 3.93 3.96 All Wheat : 3.02 2.99 3.14 Winter : 3.17 2.97 3.15 Durum : 2.19 3.02 2.96 Other Spring : 2.73 3.03 3.15 Rye : 1.86 1.74 1.76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 2008-2010 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 1,293,790 1,351,070 1,188,120 Barley : 5,229,590 4,949,370 3,960,060 All Wheat 1/ : 68,016,100 60,365,730 60,514,380 Winter : 50,820,480 41,493,030 40,421,500 Durum : 2,281,400 2,967,640 3,030,450 Other Spring : 14,914,220 15,905,060 17,062,430 Rye : 202,680 177,630 188,760 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ All wheat may not add due to rounding. Crop Comments Oats: The 2010 production is estimated at 81.9 million bushels, down 12 percent from last year and is a record low production. Yield is estimated at 64.6 bushels per acre, down 2.9 bushels from the previous year. Area planted to oats is estimated at a record low 3.14 million acres, down 8 percent from 2009. The largest decline occurred in North Dakota, where planted area decreased 70,000 acres from last year and is a record low for that State. In total, record lows for planted acres were set in 12 States. Harvested area is estimated at a record low 1.27 million acres, 8 percent below last year. The largest decline occurred in North Dakota, where area harvested for grain decreased 55,000 acres from last year and is also a record low for that State. Record lows for harvested area occurred in 11 States. In California, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Virginia, and Wisconsin, excessively wet weather hindered the crop, with the average yield in these States declining 10 bushels from last year. In Oregon, favorable growing conditions led to a 10 bushel increase in yield from last year and ties a record high yield for that State. Yield increases of 5 bushels per acre occurred in Michigan, Montana, and Texas. During early spring, planting of the oat crop was ahead of the normal pace. By April 25, growers had planted 75 percent of the acreage, 15 points ahead of normal. During April, emergence also was ahead of the normal pace. By April 25, emergence was 49 percent complete, 13 points ahead of the 5-year average. As of May 30, planting was complete, with the crop 93 percent emerged, 1 point behind the normal pace. Through June, crop development was ahead of normal in most major oat-producing States. As of June 27, seventy-four percent of the oat acreage was headed, 3 points ahead of the 5-year average. However, North Dakota, the third largest oat-producing State, lagged 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 1, forty-seven percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 3 points ahead of the normal pace. Also at this time, harvest in Texas was nearly complete at 97 percent with Ohio following closely behind at 96 percent. In North Dakota, harvest had just begun at 4 percent, and was 13 points behind normal. By August 29, harvest was 96 percent complete in the 9 major producing States, 2 points ahead of the 5-year average. Barley: Production is estimated at 182 million bushels, down 1 percent from the August 1 forecast and 20 percent below 2009. Average yield per acre, at 73.6 bushels, is up 1.3 bushels from August and 0.6 bushel from last year and is the highest yield on record since estimates began in 1866. Producers seeded 2.87 million acres in 2010, down 19 percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record. Harvested area, at 2.47 million acres, is down 3 percent from the August 1 forecast and down 21 percent from 2009, and the lowest level since 1882. Barley seedings decreased in Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota, the three largest barley-producing States. Producers in North Dakota seeded 720,000 acres and harvested 675,000 acres, both down 40 percent from the previous year. Seeded area in North Dakota establishes a record low for the State, while harvested area is the lowest since 1936. In addition, Michigan, Minnesota, and South Dakota producers set new record lows for seeded acreage. A record low for harvested area was set in South Dakota and tied in Michigan. Conversely, record high yields were set in Arizona, Montana, and Utah. Barley seeding was well underway across much of the major producing regions by April 18, when 18 percent of the Nation's crop was in the ground. Above average temperatures and mostly dry weather during February and March promoted an early start to seeding in Washington, while cool, wet conditions and late-spring snow hampered fieldwork in Idaho. By May 30, ninety-six percent of the 2010 crop had been seeded, with overall progress at or ahead of normal in all five of the major estimating States except Montana. By June 13, emergence was complete or nearly complete in the five major estimating States. Although mostly warm temperatures in early July promoted rapid head development across much of the major barley-producing areas, overall progress in Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota remained behind normal following slow crop development earlier in the growing season. Harvest was underway in most States by the end of July, and had advanced to 91 percent complete by September 26, behind both last year and the 5-year average. As harvest surpassed the halfway point during the week ending August 22, eighty-four percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition, compared with 80 percent from the same time last year. Winter Wheat: The 2010 winter wheat production totaled 1.49 billion bushels, down 3 percent from the August forecast and 3 percent below last year. The United States yield is 46.8 bushels per acre, up 2.6 bushels from the previous year and the fourth highest on record. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 31.7 million acres, down 1 percent from the last forecast and down 8 percent from the previous year. Planted acres were down from 2009 in many of the major Hard Red Winter growing States. While harvested acres were down from last year in most of the major growing States, ideal weather conditions in Oklahoma and Texas resulted in an increase of 1.70 million harvested acres from 2009 in those two States. Record high yields occurred in Colorado, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota. Overall, Hard Red Winter production totaled 1.02 billion bushels, up 11 percent from 2009. Planted and harvested acres decreased from a year ago across all of the Soft Red Winter growing area due to the late row crop harvest and wet weather during seeding. Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio set record lows for planted acres. Production was down from last year in all of the Soft Red Winter growing States. Production was down 50 percent or more from 2009 in Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and North Carolina. Overall, Soft Red Winter production totaled 238 million bushels, down 41 percent from last year. White winter production totaled 229 million bushels, up 14 percent from last year. Planted and harvested acreage in the Pacific Northwest States (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) was above last year's levels. Yields were also up from last year in all three States. Other Spring Wheat: Production for 2010 is estimated at 627 million bushels, up 7 percent from 2009 and the third highest total on record. Harvested area is 13.4 million acres, up 3 percent from last year. The United States yield is a record high 46.9 bushels per acre, 1.8 bushels higher than last year which was the previous record. Yields are above last year's level in all States except North Dakota and South Dakota. Average yield in North Dakota, the largest spring wheat-producing State, declined 0.5 bushel from 2009 to 45.5 bushels per acre. Record high yields were set in Colorado, Montana, and Oregon. Planting got off to a good start in many of the major spring wheat-producing States. Progress of the crop was ahead of last year, but lagged behind the 5-year average due to cooler temperatures. The growing season was marked by below normal temperatures and adequate moisture. Crop maturation continued behind normal throughout the growing season. As a result, harvest progress lagged behind the normal in most States in the growing area. Harvest progress was at normal or ahead in South Dakota and Minnesota. As of September 26, harvest was complete in Minnesota, South Dakota, and Washington while Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota were trailing behind the 5-year average. Most notably, Montana was 33 points behind the 5-year average. Durum Wheat: Production for 2010 is estimated at 111 million bushels, up 2 percent from the August forecast and 2 percent higher than 2009. Grain area harvested is 2.53 million acres, down 2 percent from the August forecast but up 4 percent from the previous year. The United States yield is 44.0 bushels per acre, 0.9 bushel lower than the record yield set last year but still the second highest yield on record. Record yields occurred in all States except Idaho. North Dakota's yield of 39.5 bushels per acre is 0.5 bushel higher than the record set last year. As of September 26, harvest progress in Montana and North Dakota was behind normal, trailing the 5-year average by 35 and 16 points, respectively. Rye: Production for 2010 is estimated at 7.43 million bushels, up 6 percent from last year. Harvested area totaled 265,000 acres, up 13,000 acres from 2009. The United States yield, at 28.0 bushels per acre, is up slightly from last year. Improved growing conditions in Oklahoma resulted in increased harvested acres and yield over 2009. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Lance Honig, Chief........................................... (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Jacqueline Moore, Head....................................... (202) 720-2127 Suzanne Avilla - Peanuts, Rice............................... (202) 720-7688 Jacqueline Moore - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.......... (202) 720-2127 Bryan Durham - Hay, Oats,.................................... (202) 690-3234 Anthony Prillaman - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed............. (202) 720-9526 Nick Schauer - Wheat, Rye.................................... (202) 720-8068 Julie Schmidt - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops............ (202) 720-7621 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds......... (202) 720-7369 Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head.................................... (202) 720-2127 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries....................................... (202) 720-2157 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco.............................................. (202) 720-4288 Dawn Keen - Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts.................................................... (202) 720-4215 Steve Maliszewski - Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits.. (202) 720-5412 Tierra Mobley - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .................................... (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans........................... (202) 720-3250 Kim Ritchie - Hops........................................... (360) 709-2400 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge. For free access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS Home Page at: www.nass.usda.gov. 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